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Rodriguez-Muñoz A, Motahari-Rad H, Martin-Chaves L, Benitez-Porres J, Rodriguez-Capitan J, Gonzalez-Jimenez A, Insenser M, Tinahones FJ, Murri M. A Systematic Review of Proteomics in Obesity: Unpacking the Molecular Puzzle. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:403-438. [PMID: 38703299 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00561-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present study aims to review the existing literature to identify pathophysiological proteins in obesity by conducting a systematic review of proteomics studies. Proteomics may reveal the mechanisms of obesity development and clarify the links between obesity and related diseases, improving our comprehension of obesity and its clinical implications. RECENT FINDINGS Most of the molecular events implicated in obesity development remain incomplete. Proteomics stands as a powerful tool for elucidating the intricate interactions among proteins in the context of obesity. This methodology has the potential to identify proteins involved in pathological processes and to evaluate changes in protein abundance during obesity development, contributing to the identification of early disease predisposition, monitoring the effectiveness of interventions and improving disease management overall. Despite many non-targeted proteomic studies exploring obesity, a comprehensive and up-to-date systematic review of the molecular events implicated in obesity development is lacking. The lack of such a review presents a significant challenge for researchers trying to interpret the existing literature. This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and included sixteen human proteomic studies, each of which delineated proteins exhibiting significant alterations in obesity. A total of 41 proteins were reported to be altered in obesity by at least two or more studies. These proteins were involved in metabolic pathways, oxidative stress responses, inflammatory processes, protein folding, coagulation, as well as structure/cytoskeleton. Many of the identified proteomic biomarkers of obesity have also been reported to be dysregulated in obesity-related disease. Among them, seven proteins, which belong to metabolic pathways (aldehyde dehydrogenase and apolipoprotein A1), the chaperone family (albumin, heat shock protein beta 1, protein disulfide-isomerase A3) and oxidative stress and inflammation proteins (catalase and complement C3), could potentially serve as biomarkers for the progression of obesity and the development of comorbidities, contributing to personalized medicine in the field of obesity. Our systematic review in proteomics represents a substantial step forward in unravelling the complexities of protein alterations associated with obesity. It provides valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying obesity, thereby opening avenues for the discovery of potential biomarkers and the development of personalized medicine in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Rodriguez-Muñoz
- Endocrinology and Nutrition UGC, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Hanieh Motahari-Rad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laura Martin-Chaves
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Javier Benitez-Porres
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Human Physiology, Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Jorge Rodriguez-Capitan
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Malaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Maria Insenser
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Endocrinology and Nutrition UGC, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Mora Murri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition UGC, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Harvanek ZM, Kudinova AY, Wong SA, Xu K, Brick L, Daniels TE, Marsit C, Burt A, Sinha R, Tyrka AR. Childhood adversity, accelerated GrimAge, and associated health consequences. J Behav Med 2024:10.1007/s10865-024-00496-0. [PMID: 38762606 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00496-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Childhood adversity is linked to psychological, behavioral, and physical health problems, including obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Epigenetic alterations are one pathway through which the effects of early life stress and adversity might persist into adulthood. Epigenetic mechanisms have also been proposed to explain why cardiometabolic health can vary greatly between individuals with similar Body Mass Index (BMIs). We evaluated two independent cross-sectional cohorts of adults without known medical illness, one of which explicitly recruited individuals with early life stress (ELS) and control participants (n = 195), and the other a general community sample (n = 477). In these cohorts, we examine associations between childhood adversity, epigenetic aging, and metabolic health. Childhood adversity was associated with increased GrimAge Acceleration (GAA) in both cohorts, both utilizing a dichotomous yes/no classification (both p < 0.01) as well as a continuous measure using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) (both p < 0.05). Further investigation demonstrated that CTQ subscales for physical and sexual abuse (both p < 0.05) were associated with increased GAA in both cohorts, whereas physical and emotional neglect were not. In both cohorts, higher CTQ was also associated with higher BMI and increased insulin resistance (both p < 0.05). Finally, we demonstrate a moderating effect of BMI on the relationship between GAA and insulin resistance where GAA correlated with insulin resistance specifically at higher BMIs. These results, which were largely replicated between two independent cohorts, suggest that interactions between epigenetics, obesity, and metabolic health may be important mechanisms through which childhood adversity contributes to long-term physical and metabolic health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Harvanek
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Anastacia Y Kudinova
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Bradley Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Samantha A Wong
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Veteran Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Leslie Brick
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Teresa E Daniels
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Bradley Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Initiative for Stress, Trauma, and Resilience, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Carmen Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amber Burt
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Audrey R Tyrka
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Initiative for Stress, Trauma, and Resilience, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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Nadiger N, Veed JK, Chinya Nataraj P, Mukhopadhyay A. DNA methylation and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:67. [PMID: 38755631 PMCID: PMC11100087 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DNA methylation influences gene expression and function in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Mapping of T2DM-associated DNA methylation could aid early detection and/or therapeutic treatment options for diabetics. DESIGN A systematic literature search for associations between T2DM and DNA methylation was performed. Prospero registration ID: CRD42020140436. METHODS PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched (till October 19, 2023). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and New Castle Ottawa scale were used for reporting the selection and quality of the studies, respectively. RESULT Thirty-two articles were selected. Four of 130 differentially methylated genes in blood, adipose, liver or pancreatic islets (TXNIP, ABCG1, PPARGC1A, PTPRN2) were reported in > 1 study. TXNIP was hypomethylated in diabetic blood across ethnicities. Gene enrichment analysis of the differentially methylated genes highlighted relevant disease pathways (T2DM, type 1 diabetes and adipocytokine signaling). Three prospective studies reported association of methylation in IGFBP2, MSI2, FTO, TXNIP, SREBF1, PHOSPHO1, SOCS3 and ABCG1 in blood at baseline with incident T2DM/hyperglycemia. Sex-specific differential methylation was reported only for HOOK2 in visceral adipose tissue (female diabetics: hypermethylated, male diabetics: hypomethylated). Gene expression was inversely associated with methylation status in 8 studies, in genes including ABCG1 (blood), S100A4 (adipose tissue), PER2 (pancreatic islets), PDGFA (liver) and PPARGC1A (skeletal muscle). CONCLUSION This review summarizes available evidence for using DNA methylation patterns to unravel T2DM pathophysiology. Further validation studies in diverse populations will set the stage for utilizing this knowledge for identifying early diagnostic markers and novel druggable pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Nadiger
- Research Scholar, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, St Johns National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapura Road, Koramangala, Bangalore, 560034, India
| | - Jyothisha Kana Veed
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, St Johns National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapura Road, Koramangala, Bangalore, 560034, India
| | - Priyanka Chinya Nataraj
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, St Johns National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapura Road, Koramangala, Bangalore, 560034, India
- Vedantu, Bangalore, India
| | - Arpita Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, St Johns National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapura Road, Koramangala, Bangalore, 560034, India.
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Patel P, Selvaraju V, Babu JR, Wang X, Geetha T. Novel Differentially Methylated Regions Identified by Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Analyses Contribute to Racial Disparities in Childhood Obesity. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051098. [PMID: 37239458 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The magnitude of the childhood obesity epidemic and its effects on public health has accelerated the pursuit of practical preventative measures. Epigenetics is one subject that holds a lot of promise, despite being relatively new. The study of potentially heritable variations in gene expression that do not require modifications to the underlying DNA sequence is known as epigenetics. Here, we used Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip Array to identify differentially methylated regions in DNA isolated from saliva between normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) children and between European American (EA) and African American (AA) children. A total of 3133 target IDs (associated with 2313 genes) were differentially methylated (p < 0.05) between NW and OW/OB children. In OW/OB children, 792 target IDs were hypermethylated and 2341 were hypomethylated compared to NW. Similarly, in the racial groups EA and AA, a total of 1239 target IDs corresponding to 739 genes were significantly differentially methylated in which 643 target IDs were hypermethylated and 596 were hypomethylated in the AA compared to EA participants. Along with this, the study identified novel genes that could contribute to the epigenetic regulation of childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarshni Patel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | | | - Jeganathan Ramesh Babu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Xu Wang
- Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Thangiah Geetha
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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DNA methylation and gene expression analysis in adipose tissue to identify new loci associated with T2D development in obesity. Nutr Diabetes 2022; 12:50. [PMID: 36535927 PMCID: PMC9763387 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-022-00228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is accompanied by excess adipose fat storage, which may lead to adipose dysfunction, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Currently, the tendency to develop T2D in obesity cannot be explained by genetic variation alone-epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, might be involved. Here, we aimed to identify changes in DNA methylation and gene expression in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) that might underlie T2D susceptibility in patients with obesity. METHODS We investigated DNA methylation and gene expression in VAT biopsies from 19 women with obesity, without (OND = 9) or with T2D (OD = 10). Differences in genome-scale methylation (differentially methylated CpGs [DMCs], false discovery rate < 0.05; and differentially methylated regions [DMRs], p value < 0.05) and gene expression (DEGs, p value <0.05) between groups were assessed. We searched for overlap between altered methylation and expression and the impact of altered DNA methylation on gene expression, using bootstrap Pearson correlation. The relationship of altered DNA methylation to T2D-related traits was also tested. RESULTS We identified 11 120 DMCs and 96 DMRs distributed across all chromosomes, with the greatest density of epigenomic alterations at the MHC locus. These alterations were found in newly and previously T2D-related genes. Several of these findings were supported by validation and extended multi-ethnic analyses. Of 252 DEGs in the OD group, 68 genes contained DMCs (n = 88), of which 24 demonstrated a significant relationship between gene expression and methylation (p values <0.05). Of these, 16, including ATP11A, LPL and EHD2 also showed a significant correlation with fasting glucose and HbA1c levels. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed novel candidate genes related to T2D pathogenesis in obesity. These genes show perturbations in DNA methylation and expression profiles in patients with obesity and diabetes. Methylation profiles were able to discriminate OND from OD individuals; DNA methylation is thus a potential biomarker.
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Hymel E, Fisher KW, Farazi PA. Differential methylation patterns in lean and obese non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1276. [PMID: 36474183 PMCID: PMC9727966 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease affects about 24% of the world's population and may progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While more common in those that are obese, NASH-HCC can develop in lean individuals. The mechanisms by which HCC develops and the role of epigenetic changes in the context of obesity and normal weight are not well understood. METHODS In this study, we used previously generated mouse models of lean and obese HCC using a choline deficient/high trans-fat/fructose/cholesterol diet and a choline supplemented/high trans-fat/fructose/cholesterol diet, respectively, to evaluate methylation differences in HCC progression in lean versus obese mice. Differentially methylated regions were determined using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. RESULTS A larger number of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were seen in NASH-HCC progression in the obese mice compared to the non-obese mice. No overlap existed in the DMRs with the largest methylation differences between the two models. In lean NASH-HCC, methylation differences were seen in genes involved with cancer progression and prognosis (including HCC), such as CHCHD2, FSCN1, and ZDHHC12, and lipid metabolism, including PNPLA6 and LDLRAP1. In obese NASH- HCC, methylation differences were seen in genes known to be associated with HCC, including RNF217, GJA8, PTPRE, PSAPL1, and LRRC8D. Genes involved in Wnt-signaling pathways were enriched in hypomethylated DMRs in the obese NASH-HCC. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that differential methylation may play a role in hepatocarcinogenesis in lean versus obese NASH. Hypomethylation of Wnt signaling pathway-related genes in obese mice may drive progression of HCC, while progression of HCC in lean mice may be driven through other signaling pathways, including lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Hymel
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Epidemiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984395 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4395 USA
| | - Kurt W. Fisher
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Paraskevi A. Farazi
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Epidemiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984395 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4395 USA
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Linares-Pineda TM, Boughanem H, Gutiérrez-Repiso C, Macías-González M, Andrés-León E, Rojo-Martínez G, Valdés S, Tinahones FJ, Morcillo S. Epigenetic changes in the metabolically healthy obese: A case-control versus a prospective study. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13783. [PMID: 35342930 PMCID: PMC9539510 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Maria Linares-Pineda
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Hatim Boughanem
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Málaga, Spain
| | - Carolina Gutiérrez-Repiso
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Macías-González
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eduardo Andrés-León
- Bioinformatics Unit, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López Neyra", CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Gemma Rojo-Martínez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Valdés
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Morcillo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid, Málaga, Spain
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Wang YZ, Zhao W, Ammous F, Song Y, Du J, Shang L, Ratliff SM, Moore K, Kelly KM, Needham BL, Diez Roux AV, Liu Y, Butler KR, Kardia SLR, Mukherjee B, Zhou X, Smith JA. DNA Methylation Mediates the Association Between Individual and Neighborhood Social Disadvantage and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:848768. [PMID: 35665255 PMCID: PMC9162507 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.848768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Low socioeconomic status (SES) and living in a disadvantaged neighborhood are associated with poor cardiovascular health. Multiple lines of evidence have linked DNA methylation to both cardiovascular risk factors and social disadvantage indicators. However, limited research has investigated the role of DNA methylation in mediating the associations of individual- and neighborhood-level disadvantage with multiple cardiovascular risk factors in large, multi-ethnic, population-based cohorts. We examined whether disadvantage at the individual level (childhood and adult SES) and neighborhood level (summary neighborhood SES as assessed by Census data and social environment as assessed by perceptions of aesthetic quality, safety, and social cohesion) were associated with 11 cardiovascular risk factors including measures of obesity, diabetes, lipids, and hypertension in 1,154 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). For significant associations, we conducted epigenome-wide mediation analysis to identify methylation sites mediating the relationship between individual/neighborhood disadvantage and cardiovascular risk factors using the JT-Comp method that assesses sparse mediation effects under a composite null hypothesis. In models adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, medication use, and genetic principal components of ancestry, epigenetic mediation was detected for the associations of adult SES with body mass index (BMI), insulin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), as well as for the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and HDL-C at FDR q < 0.05. The 410 CpG mediators identified for the SES-BMI association were enriched for CpGs associated with gene expression (expression quantitative trait methylation loci, or eQTMs), and corresponding genes were enriched in antigen processing and presentation pathways. For cardiovascular risk factors other than BMI, most of the epigenetic mediators lost significance after controlling for BMI. However, 43 methylation sites showed evidence of mediating the neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and HDL-C association after BMI adjustment. The identified mediators were enriched for eQTMs, and corresponding genes were enriched in inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. Our findings support the hypothesis that DNA methylation acts as a mediator between individual- and neighborhood-level disadvantage and cardiovascular risk factors, and shed light on the potential underlying epigenetic pathways. Future studies are needed to fully elucidate the biological mechanisms that link social disadvantage to poor cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhe Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Farah Ammous
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yanyi Song
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jiacong Du
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Lulu Shang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Scott M. Ratliff
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kari Moore
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kristen M. Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Belinda L. Needham
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ana V. Diez Roux
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Kenneth R. Butler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Han Y, Colditz GA, Toriola AT. Changes in adiposity over the life course and gene expression in postmenopausal women. Cancer Med 2022; 11:2699-2710. [PMID: 35304837 PMCID: PMC9249983 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life adiposity and changes in adiposity over the life course are associated with mammographic breast density among postmenopausal women. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown; therefore, we comprehensively examined the associations of early life body mass index (BMI) and changes in BMI from ages 10, 18 to age at mammogram with growth factor, RANK pathway, and sex hormone gene expression in 372 postmenopausal women. METHODS We estimated early life BMI at age 10 using the validated 9-level Stunkard pictogram. We calculated BMI at other ages (18, 30, and current age at mammogram) by dividing weight in kilograms at these ages with height in meters squared. Sequencing for gene expression was performed using the NanoString nCounter system. After adjusting for confounders, we estimated associations using multivariable linear regressions. RESULTS A 10 kg/m2 increase in early life BMI at age 10 was associated with a 17.2% decrease in RANKL gene expression (95% confidence interval [CI] = -30.8, -0.9) but was not associated with changes in other markers. BMI changes from ages 10, 18 to age at mammogram were associated with an increase in BMP2 and decreases in RANK, RANKL, and TNFRSF13B gene expression but were not associated with gene expression of other markers. A 10 kg/m2 increase in early life BMI from age 10 to current age was associated with a 7.8% increase in BMP2 (95% CI = -1.4, 17.8), an 8.5% decrease in RANK (95% CI = -13.9, -2.8), a 10.4% decrease in RANKL (95% CI = -16.9, -3.3), and an 8.5% decrease in TNFRSF13B gene expression (95% CI = -13.8, -2.8). CONCLUSION The results provide new insights into the biological mechanisms underlying the associations of adiposity changes from early life to adulthood and early life adiposity with mammographic breast density in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Han
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of SurgeryWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Graham A. Colditz
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of SurgeryWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA,Alvin J. Siteman Cancer CenterBarnes‐Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Adetunji T. Toriola
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of SurgeryWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA,Alvin J. Siteman Cancer CenterBarnes‐Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
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