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Lyu J, Jiang M, Zhu Z, Wu H, Kang H, Hao X, Cheng S, Guo H, Shen X, Wu T, Chang J, Wang C. Identification of biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer by proteomic analysis in two prospective cohorts. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100561. [PMID: 38754433 PMCID: PMC11228889 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the deadliest malignancy due to late diagnosis. Aberrant alterations in the blood proteome might serve as biomarkers to facilitate early detection of PC. We designed a nested case-control study of incident PC based on a prospective cohort of 38,295 elderly Chinese participants with ∼5.7 years' follow-up. Forty matched case-control pairs passed the quality controls for the proximity extension assay of 1,463 serum proteins. With a lenient threshold of p < 0.005, we discovered regenerating family member 1A (REG1A), REG1B, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and phospholipase A2 group IB (PLA2G1B) in association with incident PC, among which the two REG1 proteins were replicated using the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project, with effect sizes increasing steadily as diagnosis time approaches the baseline. Mendelian randomization analysis further supported the potential causal effects of REG1 proteins on PC. Taken together, circulating REG1A and REG1B are promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for the early detection and prevention of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Lyu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Minghui Jiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziwei Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongji Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haonan Kang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingjie Hao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Shen
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), Fudan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jiang Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Wu M, Wang Q, Li H, Tao J, Wang Z, Zhang S, Chen L, Li P, Chen L, Qu L. PLA2G12A protects against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance by enhancing energy expenditure and clearance of circulating triglycerides. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23643. [PMID: 38703030 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302075r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Secreted phospholipase A2s are involved in the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease, which have become serious and growing health concerns worldwide. Integration of genome-wide association study and gene co-expression networks analysis showed that the secreted phospholipase A2 group XIIA (PLA2G12A) may participate in hepatic lipids metabolism. Nevertheless, the role of PLA2G12A in lipid metabolism and its potential mechanism remain elusive. Here, we used AAV9 vector carrying human PLA2G12A gene to exogenously express hPLA2G12A in the liver of mice. We demonstrated that the overexpression of hPLA2G12A resulted in a significant decrease in serum lipid levels in wild-type mice fed with chow diet or high-fat diet (HFD). Moreover, hPLA2G12A treatment protected against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice fed a HFD. Notably, we found that hPLA2G12A treatment confers protection against obesity and hyperlipidemia independent of its enzymatic activity, but rather by increasing physical activity and energy expenditure. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hPLA2G12A treatment induced upregulation of ApoC2 and Cd36 and downregulation of Angptl8, which contributed to the increase in clearance of circulating triglycerides and hepatic uptake of fatty acids without affecting hepatic de novo lipogenesis, very low-density lipoprotein secretion, or intestinal lipid absorption. Our study highlights the potential of PLA2G12A gene therapy as a promising approach for treating obesity, insulin resistance and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengchun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawang Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longhui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingchao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linbing Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Sasidharan K, Caddeo A, Jamialahmadi O, Noto FR, Tomasi M, Malvestiti F, Ciociola E, Tavaglione F, Mancina RM, Cherubini A, Bianco C, Mirarchi A, Männistö V, Pihlajamäki J, Kärjä V, Grimaudo S, Luukkonen PK, Qadri S, Yki-Järvinen H, Petta S, Manfrini S, Vespasiani-Gentilucci U, Bruni V, Valenti L, Romeo S. IL32 downregulation lowers triglycerides and type I collagen in di-lineage human primary liver organoids. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101352. [PMID: 38232700 PMCID: PMC10829727 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Steatotic liver disease (SLD) prevails as the most common chronic liver disease yet lack approved treatments due to incomplete understanding of pathogenesis. Recently, elevated hepatic and circulating interleukin 32 (IL-32) levels were found in individuals with severe SLD. However, the mechanistic link between IL-32 and intracellular triglyceride metabolism remains to be elucidated. We demonstrate in vitro that incubation with IL-32β protein leads to an increase in intracellular triglyceride synthesis, while downregulation of IL32 by small interfering RNA leads to lower triglyceride synthesis and secretion in organoids from human primary hepatocytes. This reduction requires the upregulation of Phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2G2A). Furthermore, downregulation of IL32 results in lower intracellular type I collagen levels in di-lineage human primary hepatic organoids. Finally, we identify a genetic variant of IL32 (rs76580947) associated with lower circulating IL-32 and protection against SLD measured by non-invasive tests. These data suggest that IL32 downregulation may be beneficial against SLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Sasidharan
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrea Caddeo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oveis Jamialahmadi
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Francesca Rita Noto
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Melissa Tomasi
- Precision Medicine Lab, Biological Resource Center Unit, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Malvestiti
- Precision Medicine Lab, Biological Resource Center Unit, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Ester Ciociola
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Federica Tavaglione
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Operative Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy; Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosellina M Mancina
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cherubini
- Precision Medicine Lab, Biological Resource Center Unit, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Bianco
- Precision Medicine Lab, Biological Resource Center Unit, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Mirarchi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ville Männistö
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Clinical Nutrition and Obesity Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vesa Kärjä
- Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Stefania Grimaudo
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Panu K Luukkonen
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sami Qadri
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Yki-Järvinen
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Salvatore Petta
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvia Manfrini
- Operative Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy; Research Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci
- Operative Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy; Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bruni
- Operative Unit of Bariatric Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Valenti
- Precision Medicine Lab, Biological Resource Center Unit, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Romeo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Song Z, Yan A, Guo Z, Zhang Y, Wen T, Li Z, Yang Z, Chen R, Wang Y. Targeting metabolic pathways: a novel therapeutic direction for type 2 diabetes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1218326. [PMID: 37600949 PMCID: PMC10433779 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1218326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disease that causes multi-organ complications, seriously affecting patients' quality of life and survival. Understanding its pathogenesis remains challenging, with current clinical treatment regimens often proving ineffective. Methods In this study, we established a mouse model of T2DM and employed 16s rDNA sequencing to detect changes in the species and structure of gut flora. Additionally, we used UPLC-Q-TOF-MS to identify changes in urinary metabolites of T2DM mice, analyzed differential metabolites and constructed differential metabolic pathways. Finally, we used Pearman correlation analysis to investigate the relationship between intestinal flora and differential metabolites in T2DM mice, aiming to elucidate the pathogenesis of T2DM and provide an experimental basis for its clinical treatment. Results Our findings revealed a reduction in both the species diversity and abundance of intestinal flora in T2DM mice, with significantly decreased levels of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and significantly increased levels of harmful bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori. Urinary metabolomics results identified 31 differential metabolites between T2DM and control mice, including Phosphatidylcholine, CDP-ethanolamine and Leukotriene A4, which may be closely associated with the glycerophospholipid and arachidonic acid pathways. Pearman correlation analysis showed a strong correlation between dopamine and gonadal, estradiol and gut microbiota, may be a novel direction underlying T2DM. Conclusion In conclusion, our study suggests that alterations in gut microbiota and urinary metabolites are characteristic features of T2DM in mice. Furthermore, a strong correlation between dopamine, estradiol and gut microbiota, may be a novel direction underlying T2DM, the aim is to provide new ideas for clinical treatment and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - An Yan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zehui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Klobučar I, Klobučar L, Lechleitner M, Trbušić M, Pregartner G, Berghold A, Habisch H, Madl T, Frank S, Degoricija V. Associations between Endothelial Lipase and Apolipoprotein B-Containing Lipoproteins Differ in Healthy Volunteers and Metabolic Syndrome Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10681. [PMID: 37445857 PMCID: PMC10341652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between serum levels of endothelial lipase (EL) and the serum levels and composition of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins in healthy subjects and patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) remained unexplored. Therefore, in the present study, we determined the serum levels and lipid content of apoB-containing lipoproteins using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and examined their association with EL serum levels in healthy volunteers (HVs) and MS patients. EL was significantly negatively correlated with the serum levels of cholesterol in large very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, as well as with total-cholesterol-, free-cholesterol-, triglyceride-, and phospholipid-contents of VLDL and intermediate-density lipoprotein particles in MS patients but not in HVs. In contrast, EL serum levels were significantly positively correlated with the serum levels of apoB, triglycerides, and phospholipids in large low-density lipoprotein particles in HVs but not in MS patients. EL serum levels as well as the serum levels and lipid content of the majority of apoB-containing lipoprotein subclasses were markedly different in MS patients compared with HVs. We conclude that EL serum levels are associated with the serum levels and lipid content of apoB-containing lipoproteins and that these associations are markedly affected by MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Klobučar
- Department of Cardiology, Sisters of Charity University Hospital Centre, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Lucija Klobučar
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Margarete Lechleitner
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.L.); (H.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Matias Trbušić
- Department of Cardiology, Sisters of Charity University Hospital Centre, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (M.T.)
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Gudrun Pregartner
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (G.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrea Berghold
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (G.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Hansjörg Habisch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.L.); (H.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.L.); (H.H.); (T.M.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Saša Frank
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.L.); (H.H.); (T.M.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Vesna Degoricija
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Department of Medicine, Sisters of Charity University Hospital Centre, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Klobučar I, Stadler JT, Klobučar L, Lechleitner M, Trbušić M, Pregartner G, Berghold A, Habisch H, Madl T, Marsche G, Frank S, Degoricija V. Associations between Endothelial Lipase, High-Density Lipoprotein, and Endothelial Function Differ in Healthy Volunteers and Metabolic Syndrome Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2073. [PMID: 36768410 PMCID: PMC9916974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by endothelial- and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) dysfunction and increased endothelial lipase (EL) serum levels. We examined the associations between EL serum levels, HDL (serum levels, lipid content, and function), and endothelial function in healthy volunteers (HV) and MS patients. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD), serum levels of HDL subclasses (measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy), and EL serum levels differed significantly between HV and MS patients. The serum levels of triglycerides in large HDL particles were significantly positively correlated with FMD and NMD in HV, but not in MS patients. Cholesterol (C) and phospholipid (PL) contents of large HDL particles, calculated as HDL1-C/HDL1-apoA-I and HDL1-PL/HDL1-apoA-I, respectively, were significantly negatively correlated with FMD in HV, but not in MS patients. Cholesterol efflux capacity and arylesterase activity of HDL, as well as EL, were correlated with neither FMD nor NMD. EL was significantly negatively correlated with HDL-PL/HDL-apoA-I in HV, but not in MS patients, and with serum levels of small dense HDL containing apolipoprotein A-II in MS patients, but not in HV. We conclude that MS modulates the association between HDL and endothelial function, as well as between EL and HDL. HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and arylesterase activity, as well as EL serum levels, are not associated with endothelial function in HV or MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Klobučar
- Department of Cardiology, Sisters of Charity University Hospital Centre, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Julia T. Stadler
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lucija Klobučar
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Margarete Lechleitner
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Matias Trbušić
- Department of Cardiology, Sisters of Charity University Hospital Centre, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gudrun Pregartner
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics und Documentation, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Berghold
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics und Documentation, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Hansjörg Habisch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Saša Frank
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Vesna Degoricija
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Medicine, Sisters of Charity University Hospital Centre, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Secretory Phospholipases A2, from Snakebite Envenoming to a Myriad of Inflammation Associated Human Diseases-What Is the Secret of Their Activity? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021579. [PMID: 36675102 PMCID: PMC9863470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted phospholipases of type A2 (sPLA2s) are proteins of 14-16 kDa present in mammals in different forms and at different body sites. They are involved in lipid transformation processes, and consequently in various immune, inflammatory, and metabolic processes. sPLA2s are also major components of snake venoms, endowed with various toxic and pharmacological properties. The activity of sPLA2s is not limited to the enzymatic one but, through interaction with different types of molecules, they exert other activities that are still little known and explored, both outside and inside the cells, as they can be endocytosed. The aim of this review is to analyze three features of sPLA2s, yet under-explored, knowledge of which could be crucial to understanding the activity of these proteins. The first feature is their disulphide bridge pattern, which has always been considered immutable and necessary for their stability, but which might instead be modulable. The second characteristic is their ability to undergo various post-translational modifications that would control their interaction with other molecules. The third feature is their ability to participate in active molecular condensates both on the surface and within the cell. Finally, the implications of these features in the design of anti-inflammatory drugs are discussed.
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Nelligan NM, Bender MR, Feltus FA. Simulating the restoration of normal gene expression from different thyroid cancer stages using deep learning. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:612. [PMID: 35659616 PMCID: PMC9166476 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer (THCA) is the most common endocrine malignancy and incidence is increasing. There is an urgent need to better understand the molecular differences between THCA tumors at different pathologic stages so appropriate diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment strategies can be applied. Transcriptome State Perturbation Generator (TSPG) is a tool created to identify the changes in gene expression necessary to transform the transcriptional state of a source sample to mimic that of a target. Methods We used TSPG to perturb the bulk RNA expression data from various THCA tumor samples at progressive stages towards the transcriptional pattern of normal thyroid tissue. The perturbations produced were analyzed to determine if there are consistently up- or down-regulated genes or functions in certain stages of tumors. Results Some genes of particular interest were investigated further in previous research. SLC6A15 was found to be down-regulated in all stage 1–3 samples. This gene has previously been identified as a tumor suppressor. The up-regulation of PLA2G12B in all samples was notable because the protein encoded by this gene belongs to the PLA2 superfamily, which is involved in metabolism, a major function of the thyroid gland. REN was up-regulated in all stage 3 and 4 samples. The enzyme renin encoded by this gene, has a role in the renin-angiotensin system; this system regulates angiogenesis and may have a role in cancer development and progression. This is supported by the consistent up-regulation of REN only in later stage tumor samples. Functional enrichment analysis showed that olfactory receptor activities and similar terms were enriched for the up-regulated genes which supports previous research concluding that abundance and stimulation of olfactory receptors is linked to cancer. Conclusions TSPG can be a useful tool in exploring large gene expression datasets and extracting the meaningful differences between distinct classes of data. We identified genes that were characteristically perturbed in certain sample types, including only late-stage THCA tumors. Additionally, we provided evidence for potential transcriptional signatures of each stage of thyroid cancer. These are potentially relevant targets for future investigation into THCA tumorigenesis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09704-z.
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Кузнецов КО, Саетова АА, Махмутова ЭИ, Бобрик АГ, Бобрик ДВ, Нагаев ИР, Хамитова АД, Арапиева АМ. [Imeglimin: features of the mechanism of action and potential benefits]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2022; 68:57-66. [PMID: 35841169 PMCID: PMC9762543 DOI: 10.14341/probl12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Imeglimin is the first drug in a new class of tetrahydrotriazine-containing oral hypoglycemic agents called «glimines». Its mechanism of action is aimed at achieving a double effect, firstly, to improve the function of beta cells of the pancreas, and secondly, to enhance the action of insulin in key tissues, including the liver and skeletal muscles. At the cellular level, imeglimin modulates mitochondrial function, which leads to an improvement in cellular energy metabolism, as well as to the protection of cells from death in conditions of excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species. It is important to note that the mechanism of action of imeglimin differs from existing drugs used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Like glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, imeglimin enhances insulin secretion in an exclusively glucose-dependent manner, but their mechanism of action at the cellular level diverges. Sulfonylureas and glinides function by closing ATP-sensitive potassium channels to release insulin, which is also different from imeglimin. Compared with metformin, the effect of imeglimine is also significantly different. Other major classes of oral antihypertensive agents, such as sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitors, thiazolidinediones and α glucosidase inhibitors mediate their action through mechanisms that do not overlap with imeglimine. Given such differences in the mechanisms of action, imeglimin can be used as part of combination therapy, for example with sitagliptin and metformin. The imeglimine molecule is well absorbed (Tmax-4), and the half-life is 5-6 hours, is largely excreted through the kidneys, and also has no clinically significant interactions with either metformin or sitagliptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- К. О. Кузнецов
- Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова
| | | | | | - А. Г. Бобрик
- Башкирский государственный медицинский университет
| | - Д. В. Бобрик
- Башкирский государственный медицинский университет
| | - И. Р. Нагаев
- Башкирский государственный медицинский университет
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Gallic Acid as a Non-Selective Inhibitor of α/β-Hydrolase Fold Enzymes Involved in the Inflammatory Process: The Two Sides of the Same Coin. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020368. [PMID: 35214100 PMCID: PMC8874653 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Gallic acid (GA) has been characterized as an effective anti-inflammatory, antivenom, and promising drug for therapeutic use. (2/3) Methods and Results: GA was identified from ethanolic extract of fresh pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) leaves, which was identified using commercial GA. Commercial GA neutralized the enzymatic activity of secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) by inhibiting the active site and inducing changes in the secondary structure of the enzyme. Pharmacological edema assays showed that GA strongly decreased edema when the compound was previously incubated with sPLA2. However, prior treatment of GA (30 min before) significantly increased the edema and myotoxicity induced by sPLA2. The molecular docking results of GA with platelet-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) and acetylcholinesterase reveal that this compound was able to interact with the active site of both molecules, inhibiting the hydrolysis of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and acetylcholine (ACh). (4) Conclusion: GA has a great potential application; however, our results show that this compound can also induce adverse effects in previously treated animals. Additionally, the increased edema and myotoxicity observed experimentally in GA-treated animals may be due to the inhibition of PAF-AH and Acetylcholinesterase.
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