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Dai X, Ren X, Zhang J, Zheng Y, Wang Z, Cheng G. Advances in the selection and timing of postoperative radioiodine treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Ann Nucl Med 2024; 38:688-699. [PMID: 39044048 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-024-01963-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. Patients who receive systematic care typically have a better prognosis. RAI treatment plays a key role in eradicating any remaining thyroid lesions in DTC patients, hence decreasing the risk of distant metastases and cancer recurrence. As research continues to advance, RAI treatment is becoming more and more individualized. Because of the excellent prognosis for DTC patients, there is a relatively broad window for RAI treatment, making it easy to overlook when to receive RAI treatment. However, research on this issue can help patients with varying recurrence risk stratification make better decisions about when to begin RAI treatment following surgery, and physicians can schedule patients based on the severity of their disease. This will improve patient prognosis and lessen needless anxiety in addition to helping solve the problems of unjust healthcare resource distribution. In this review, we will mainly discuss the target population of RAI treatment as well as studies that examine the impact of RAI treatment timing on patient outcomes. In an effort to discourage DTC patients and physicians from selecting RAI therapy at random, we also review the possible negative effects of this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyi Ren
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhengjie Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Liu H, Xu Z, Song C, Lu Y, Li T, Zheng Z, Li M, Ye H, Wang K, Shi J, Wang P. Burden of gastrointestinal cancers among people younger than 50 years in China, 1990 to 2019. Public Health 2024; 234:112-119. [PMID: 38972229 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the burden of early-onset gastrointestinal (GI) cancers in China over three decades. STUDY DESIGN A comprehensive analysis was performed using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. METHODS Data on early-onset GI cancers in 2020 and from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from GLOBOCAN 2020 database and GBD 2019, respectively. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated to analyze the temporal trends using the Joinpoint Regression Program. The Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was used to predict future trends up to 2030. RESULTS In China, there were 185,980 incident cases and 119,116 deaths of early-onset GI cancer in 2020, with the highest incidence and mortality observed in liver cancer (new cases: 71,662; deaths: 62,412). The spectrum of early-onset GI cancers in China has transitioned over the last 30 years. The age-standardized rates of incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years for colorectal and pancreatic cancers exhibited rapid increases (AAPC >0, P ≤ 0.001). The fastest-growing incidence rate was found in colorectal cancer (AAPC: 3.06, P < 0.001). Despite the decreases in liver, gastric, and esophageal cancers, these trends have been reversed or flattened in recent years. High body mass index was found to be the fastest-growing risk factor for early-onset GI cancers (estimated annual percentage change: 2.75-4.19, P < 0.05). Projection analyses showed an increasing trend in age-standardized incidence rates for almost all early-onset GI cancers during 2020-2030. CONCLUSIONS The transitioning pattern of early-onset GI cancers in China emphasizes the urgency of addressing this public health challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Z Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - C Song
- The Institution for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Z Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - H Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - K Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China; Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - J Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China; Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - P Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China.
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Zhang S, Xie R, Wang L, Fu G, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Yu J. TMEM252 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and progression in papillary thyroid carcinoma by regulating Notch1 expression. Head Neck 2024. [PMID: 39152570 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for about 85% of thyroid cancer cases. Transmembrane protein 252 (TMEM252) is a gene encoding a transmembrane protein that has only been reported to be associated with triple-negative breast cancer. Herein, we first elucidated the physiological roles and possible regulatory proteins of TMEM252 in PTC pathogenesis. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses were utilized to ascertain the relative TMEM252 expression in PTC and surrounding normal tissues. Functional investigations involved CCK-8 viability assay, EdU incorporation assay for proliferation, transwell assays for migration and invasion, and an in vivo tumor development assessment to evaluate the TMEM252-mediated regulation of tumor formation. RESULTS Our results first revealed diminished TMEM252 transcript and protein expressions in PTC tissues and cell lines. TMEM252 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation through reducing p53, p21, and p16 expression. Conversely, TMEM252 depletion has opposite effects in PTC cells both in vivo. Additionally, the upregulation of TMEM252 demonstrated cell migration and invasion suppression by impeding the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process via inhibition of the Notch pathway. Furthermore, overexpression of TMEM252 suppressed tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Our study elucidates that TMEM252 suppresses PTC progression by modulating the Notch pathway. These findings underscore TMEM252 is a potential therapeutic target in managing PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyong Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong Xie
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liuhuan Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guoxue Fu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jichun Yu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Chen LH, Xie T, Lei Q, Gu YR, Sun CZ. A review of complex hormone regulation in thyroid cancer: novel insights beyond the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1419913. [PMID: 39104813 PMCID: PMC11298353 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1419913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Like the ovaries and prostate, the thyroid exhibits characteristic hormone secretion and regulation. Thyroid cancer (TC), especially differentiated thyroid carcinoma, has typical sex-specific and age-specific hormone-driven clinical features. Previous research has primarily focused on the effects of thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroid hormones, and estrogens on the onset and progression of TC, while the roles of growth hormone (GH), androgens, and glucocorticoids have largely been overlooked. Similarly, few studies have investigated the interactions between hormones and hormone systems. In fact, numerous studies of patients with acromegaly have shown that serum levels of GH and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) may be associated with the onset and progression of TC, although the influences of age, sex, and other risk factors, such as obesity and stress, remain unclear. Sex hormones, the GH/IGF axis, and glucocorticoids are likely involved in the onset and progression of TC by regulating the tumor microenvironment and metabolism. The aim of this review was to clarify the roles of hormones and hormone systems in TC, especially papillary thyroid carcinoma, as references for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chuan-zheng Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Yuan J, Chen L, Zhou J, Zang X, Zhang T, Ju X, Tan M, Xu D. Global burden of bladder cancer attributable to smoking in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34114. [PMID: 39091950 PMCID: PMC11292503 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) poses a significant medical burden worldwide. However, the epidemiological pattern of the global smoking-induced BCa burden is unclear. Our analysis of the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database showed a significant increase in the number of BCa cases worldwide from 1990 to 2019, with a clear upward trend in both age-standardized prevalence and incidence. In contrast, age-standardized rates of mortality (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life-years (ASDR) showed a downward trend, despite an increase in the absolute number of death and disability-adjusted life years. The burden of BCa caused by smoking is greater in males, middle-aged and older adults, and people in countries with high-middle socio-demographic indices (SDI). The study highlights the continuing global health challenge posed by smoking-related BCa. Targeted health policies and interventions are critical, especially in areas with high smoking rates and low socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Yuan
- Urology Centre, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
- Institute of Surgery of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Lichen Chen
- Urology Centre, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
- Institute of Surgery of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Jielong Zhou
- Urology Centre, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
- Institute of Surgery of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Xinyue Zang
- Urology Centre, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
- Institute of Surgery of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Urology Centre, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
- Institute of Surgery of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Xiran Ju
- Urology Centre, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
- Institute of Surgery of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Mingyue Tan
- Urology Centre, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
- Institute of Surgery of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Dongliang Xu
- Urology Centre, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
- Institute of Surgery of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
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Gu Y, Yu M, Deng J, Lai Y. The Association of Pretreatment Systemic Immune Inflammatory Response Index (SII) and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) with Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:2887-2897. [PMID: 38974140 PMCID: PMC11225953 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s461708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Immunoinflammatory response can participate in the development of cancer. To investigate the relationship between pretreatment systemic immune inflammatory response index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 547 PTC patients treated in Meizhou People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021. Clinicopathological data were collected, including gender, age, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, maximum tumor diameter, extra-membrane infiltration, disease stage, BRAF V600E mutation, pretreatment inflammatory index levels, and lymph node metastasis. The optimal cutoff values of SII, SIRI, NLR, PLR and LMR were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the relationship between inflammatory indexes and other clinicopathological features and lymph node metastasis was analyzed. Results There were 303 (55.4%) PTC patients with lymph node metastasis. The levels of SII, SIRI, NLR, and PLR in patients with lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than those in patients without lymph node metastasis, while the levels of LMR were significantly lower than those in patients without lymph node metastasis (all p<0.05). When lymph node metastasis was taken as the endpoint, the critical value of SII was 625.375, the SIRI cutoff value was 0.705, the NLR cutoff value was 1.915 (all area under the ROC curve >0.6). The results of regression logistic analysis showed that age <55 years old (OR: 1.626, 95% CI: 1.009-2.623, p=0.046), maximum tumor diameter >1cm (OR: 2.681, 95% CI: 1.819-3.952, p<0.001), BRAF V600E mutation (OR: 2.709, 95% CI: 1.542-4.759, p=0.001), SII positive (≥625.375/<625.375, OR: 2.663, 95% CI: 1.560-4.546, p<0.001), and NLR positive (≥1.915/<1.915, OR: 1.808, 95% CI: 1.118-2.923, p=0.016) were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis of PTC. Conclusion Age <55 years old, maximum tumor diameter >1cm, BRAF V600E mutation, SII positive, and NLR positive were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Gu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqin Deng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yeqian Lai
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
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Charoenngam N, Rittiphairoj T, Wannaphut C, Pangkanon W, Saowapa S. Risk of Malignant Neoplasm in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Calcif Tissue Int 2024; 115:1-13. [PMID: 38772934 PMCID: PMC11153283 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-024-01219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk of malignant neoplasm in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) patients. Potentially eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed and Embase databases from inception to November 2023 using search strategy consisting of terms for "Primary hyperparathyroidism" and "Malignant neoplasm". Eligible study must report prevalence of malignant neoplasm among patients with PHPT or compare the risk of malignant neoplasm between patients with PHPT and comparators. Point estimates with standard errors were extracted from each study and combined using the generic inverse variance method.A total of 11,926 articles were identified. After two rounds of systematic review, 50 studies were included. The meta-analysis revealed that pooled prevalence rates of overall cancer was 0.19 (95%CI: 0.13-0.25; I2 94%). The two most prevalent types of malignancy among patients with PHPT ware papillary thyroid cancer (pooled prevalence: 0.07; 95%CI: 0.06-0.08; I2 85%) and breast cancer (pooled prevalence: 0.05; 95%CI: 0.03-0.07; I2 87%). Subgroup analysis of studies focusing on patients undergoing parathyroidectomy reported a fourfold higher prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer than the remaining studies (0.08 versus 0.02). The meta-analysis of cohort studies found a significant association between PHPT and overall cancer with the pooled risk ratio of 1.28 (95%CI: 1.23-1.33; I2 66.9%).We found that the pooled prevalence of malignant neoplasm in PHPT was 19%, with papillary thyroid cancer and breast cancer being the most prevalent types. The meta-analysis of cohort studies showed that patient with PHPT carried an approximately 28% increased risk of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipith Charoenngam
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Mount Auburn Hospital, 330 Mt Auburn St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Thanitsara Rittiphairoj
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Health Systems Management, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chalothorn Wannaphut
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Watsachon Pangkanon
- Department of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sakditat Saowapa
- Department of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Liu B, Hou B, Zhao Y, Gao F, Dong X, He J. Investigating potential mechanisms of vitamin D against thyroid cancer via network pharmacology and experimental validation. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 104:e14586. [PMID: 39013759 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common endocrine malignancies worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin D (VD) has potential benefits in the treatment of TC. However, evidence regarding the targets and molecular mechanisms of VD in TC remains limited. In this study, we conducted network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental evaluation to explore the target genes, biological functions, and signaling pathways involved in this process. Network analysis revealed 77 potential target genes of VD against TC, and four hub target genes were identified: ESR1, KIT, CCND1, and PGR. Furthermore, we identified the biological processes (BP) and signaling pathways involving these potential target genes, and then determined the possible interaction between the hub targets and VD through molecular docking. Finally, through in vitro experiments, we found that VD effectively inhibits the proliferation of TC cells and downregulates the expression of the ESR1 gene. In conclusion, the effects of VD against TC involve multiple biological targets, BP, and signaling pathways. These findings provide scientific evidence for the application of VD in the treatment of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Bowen Hou
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fengyi Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyin Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiageng He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School, Xinjiang, China
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Chen J, Bm BX, Bm CZ, Ma C, Lu T. A controlled study of the hygienic technical evaluation of the transaxillary approach for inflation-free single-port lumpectomy versus conventional transcervical anterior open surgery in radical thyroid cancer resection. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:173. [PMID: 38937770 PMCID: PMC11210178 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate sanitary techniques for radical thyroid cancer surgery via the transaxillary approach without inflation single-port endoscopic surgery (TAWISES) and the conventional open anterior cervical approach (COACAS) in a controlled manner. METHODS This work was a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 60 patients admitted to our hospital for unilateral radical thyroid cancer surgery between 01/2021 and 12/2022. The control group underwent COACAS (30 patients), and the experimental group underwent TAWISES (30 patients). The patients' operative time, intraoperative bleeding volume, 24-h postoperative pain index, drainage tube carrying time, hospitalization duration and complication rate were compared and analyzed. The patients were followed up for 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively and evaluated based on numbness, muscular tightness, pain and other discomfort in the neck, as well as satisfaction with social adaptation and cosmetic incisions. The recurrence status was assessed for 1 year in both groups of patients. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess patient acceptance of the two surgical approaches. The economic characteristics (cost-effectiveness and cost-utility) of the different approaches in our region were evaluated comprehensively. RESULTS The length of the incision, drainage tube carrying time and hospitalization duration were greater in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The differences in complication rate, intraoperative bleeding volume, 24-h postoperative pain index and recurrence rate were not statistically significant between the two groups (P > 0.05). Neck discomfort was greater in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant at the 3-month postoperative follow-up (P < 0.05). The differences at the 6- and 12-month postoperative follow-ups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). However, mild discomfort was significantly more common in the experimental group (63.33% > 36.67%, 80% > 53.33%, P < 0.05). The experimental group had better social adaptability, greater total medical costs, and better overall patient medical satisfaction than did the control group (P < 0.05). The acceptance of TAWISL was greater than that of COACAS (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with COACLAS, TAWISES is safe and effective and better meets the cosmetic, psychological and social adaptation needs of patients. TAWISES is also more cost effective and can be better utilized for the population in our region, filling the gap in surgical modalities for thyroid cancer in in our region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Wanbei Coal and Electricity Group General Hospital, Su Zhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Bo Xu Bm
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Wanbei Coal and Electricity Group General Hospital, Su Zhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chaojie Zhang Bm
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Wanbei Coal and Electricity Group General Hospital, Su Zhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chengquan Ma
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Wanbei Coal and Electricity Group General Hospital, Su Zhou, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tianwen Lu
- Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Wanbei Coal and Electricity Group General Hospital, Su Zhou, Anhui Province, China.
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Zhong H, Zeng Q, Long X, Lai Y, Chen J, Wang Y. Risk factors analysis of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective study of 830 patients. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:162. [PMID: 38907249 PMCID: PMC11191287 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03455-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the risk factors for lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS Clinicopathological data (age, gender, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, preoperative circulating tumor cells (CTCs), multifocal, maximum lesion diameter, invaded capsule, T stage, and lymph node metastasis) of 830 PTC patients diagnosed and treated in Meizhou People's Hospital from June 2021 to April 2023 were collected. The related factors of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis were analyzed. RESULTS There were 334 (40.2%), and 103 (12.4%) PTC patients with central lymph node metastasis, and lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, respectively. Compared with patients without lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, PTC patients with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis had a higher proportion of multifocal, maximum lesion diameter > 1 cm, invaded capsule, T3-T4 stage. Regression logistic analysis showed that male (odds ratio (OR): 2.196, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.279-3.769, p = 0.004), age < 55 years old (OR: 2.057, 95% CI: 1.062-3.988, p = 0.033), multifocal (OR: 2.759, 95% CI: 1.708-4.458, p < 0.001), maximum lesion diameter > 1 cm (OR: 5.408, 95% CI: 3.233-9.046, p < 0.001), T3-T4 stage (OR: 2.396, 95% CI: 1.241-4.626, p = 0.009), and invaded capsule (OR: 2.051, 95% CI: 1.208-3.480, p = 0.008) were associated with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Male, age < 55 years old, multifocal, maximum lesion diameter > 1 cm, T3-T4 stage, and invaded capsule were independent risk factors for lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Zhong
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Add: No. 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, China
| | - Qingxin Zeng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Add: No. 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, China
| | - Xi Long
- Department of Radiology, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Yeqian Lai
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Add: No. 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, China
| | - Jiwei Chen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Add: No. 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, China
| | - Yuedong Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Add: No. 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, China.
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11
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Gong Y, Jiang Q, Zhai M, Tang T, Liu S. Thyroid cancer trends in China and its comparative analysis with G20 countries: Projections for 2020-2040. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04131. [PMID: 38873786 PMCID: PMC11177899 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer, a leading type of endocrine cancer, accounts for 3-4% of all cancer diagnoses. This study aims to analyse and compare thyroid cancer patterns in China and the Group twenty (G20) countries, and predict these trend for the upcoming two decades. Methods This observational longitudinal study utilised data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019. We used metrics including incidence, mortality, mortality-incidence ratio (MIR), age-standardised rate (ASR) and average annual percent change (AAPC) to examine thyroid cancer trends. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify periods manifesting notable changes. The association between sociodemographic index (SDI) and AAPC were investigated. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used to predict thyroid cancer trends from 2020 to 2040. Results From 1990 to 2019, thyroid cancer incidence cases in China increased by 289.6%, with a higher AAPC of age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) in men. Contrastingly, the G20 demonstrated a smaller increase, particularly among women over 50. Despite the overall age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) was higher in the G20, the increase in mortality was less pronounced than in China. Age-standardised incidence rate increased across all age groups and genders, with a notable rise among men aged 15-49. ASMR decreased in specific age groups and genders, especially among women. Conversely, the ASMR significantly increased in group aged over 70. The MIR exhibited a declining trend, but this decrease was less noticeable in men and the group aged over 70. Joinpoint analysis pinpointed significant shifts in overall ASIR and ASMR, with the most pronounced increase in ASIR during 2003-2011 in China and 2003-2010 in the G20. Predictions suggested a continual ASIR uptrend, especially in the 50-69 age group, coupled with a predicted ASMR downturn among the elderly by 2040. Moreover, the proportion of thyroid cancer deaths attributable to high body mass index (BMI) escalated, with significant increase in Saudi Arabia and a rise to 7.4% in China in 2019. Conclusions Thyroid cancer cases in incidence and mortality are escalating in both China and the G20. The increasing trend may be attributed to factors beyond overdiagnosis, including environmental and genetic factors. These findings emphasise the necessity for augmenting prevention, control, and treatment strategies. They also highlight the significance of international collaboration in addressing the global challenge posed by thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gong
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mimi Zhai
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tenglong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sushun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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12
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Zhang C, Li B, Yang Y. Development and validation of a nomogram to predict overall survival in patients with redefined anaplastic thyroid carcinoma based on the SEER database. Int J Clin Oncol 2024; 29:744-754. [PMID: 38584210 PMCID: PMC11129996 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-024-02495-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the latest classification of thyroid tumors released by the WHO in 2022, primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid (PSCCTh) is classified as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). The objective of this study was to determine the differences in characteristics between ATC and PSCCTh and develop a nomogram to predict overall survival patients with the redefined anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (rATC). METHODS Patients diagnosed with ATC and PSCCTh between 2000 and 2018 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were enrolled and randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort with a ratio of 7:3. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using log-rank tests. The univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors of rATC patients. We then developed and validated nomograms to predict the 3-, 6- and 12-month OS of rATC and the results were evaluated by C-index and calibration curves. RESULTS After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 1338 ATC and 127 PSCCTh patients were included in the study. Further, OS and CSS of patients with PSCCTh were better than that of patients with ATC. Prognostic factors were not identical for the two cancers. Multivariate Cox model analysis indicated that age, tumor size, metastasis, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy are independent prognostic factors for CSS in patients with ATC; while for patients with PSCCTh, the corresponding factors are age, and surgery. We selected six survival predictors (age, tumor size, metastasis, surgery, radiation, and, chemotherapy) for nomogram construction. The C-indexes in the training and validation cohort were 0.740 and 0.778, respectively, reflecting the good discrimination ability of the model. The calibration curves also showed good consistency in the probability of 3-, 6-, and 12-month OS between the actual observation and the nomogram prediction. CONCLUSION We constructed a nomogram to provide a convenient and reliable tool for predicting OS in rATC patients. Prognostic factors influencing CSS were not identical in patients with ATC and PSCCTh. These findings indicate that different clinical treatment and management plans are required for patients with these two types of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyue Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Li
- Department of General Surgery, the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, PLA, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang L, Wong C, Li Y, Huang T, Wang J, Lin C. Artificial intelligence assisted diagnosis of early tc markers and its application. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:172. [PMID: 38761260 PMCID: PMC11102422 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01017-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is a common endocrine malignancy with an increasing incidence worldwide. Early diagnosis is particularly important for TC patients, because it allows patients to receive treatment as early as possible. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides great advantages for complex healthcare systems by analyzing big data based on machine learning. Nowadays, AI is widely used in the early diagnosis of cancer such as TC. Ultrasound detection and fine needle aspiration biopsy are the main methods for early diagnosis of TC. AI has been widely used in the detection of malignancy in thyroid nodules by ultrasound images, cytopathology images and molecular markers. It shows great potential in auxiliary medical diagnosis. The latest clinical trial has shown that the performance of AI models matches with the diagnostic efficiency of experienced clinicians, and more efficient AI tools will be developed in the future. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the recent advances in the application of AI algorithms in assessing the risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules. The objective of this review was to provide a data base for the clinical use of AI-assisted diagnosis in TC, as well as to provide new ideas for the next generation of AI-assisted diagnosis in TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laney Zhang
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chinting Wong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yungeng Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | | | - Jiawen Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chenghe Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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14
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Liang Q, Qi Z, Li Y. Machine learning to predict the occurrence of thyroid nodules: towards a quantitative approach for judicious utilization of thyroid ultrasonography. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1385836. [PMID: 38774231 PMCID: PMC11106422 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1385836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ultrasound is instrumental in the early detection of thyroid nodules, which is crucial for appropriate management and favorable outcomes. However, there is a lack of clinical guidelines for the judicious use of thyroid ultrasonography in routine screening. Machine learning (ML) has been increasingly used on big data to predict clinical outcomes. This study aims to leverage the ML approach in assessing the risk of thyroid nodules based on common clinical features. Methods Data were sourced from a Chinese cohort undergoing routine physical examinations including thyroid ultrasonography between 2013 and 2023. Models were established to predict the 3-year risk of thyroid nodules based on patients' baseline characteristics and laboratory tests. Four ML algorithms, including logistic regression, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and light gradient boosting machine, were trained and tested using fivefold cross-validation. The importance of each feature was measured by the permutation score. A nomogram was established to facilitate risk assessment in the clinical settings. Results The final dataset comprised 4,386 eligible subjects. Thyroid nodules were detected in 54.8% (n=2,404) individuals within the 3-year observation period. All ML models significantly outperformed the baseline regression model, successfully predicting the occurrence of thyroid nodules in approximately two-thirds of individuals. Age, high-density lipoprotein, fasting blood glucose and creatinine levels exhibited the highest impact on the outcome in these models. The nomogram showed consistency and validity, providing greater net benefits for clinical decision-making than other strategies. Conclusion This study demonstrates the viability of an ML-based approach in predicting the occurrence of thyroid nodules. The findings highlight the potential of ML models in identifying high-risk individuals for personalized screening, thereby guiding the judicious use of ultrasound in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Liang
- Health Management Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenhong Qi
- Health Management Center, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yike Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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15
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Zhao Q, Chen M, Fu L, Yang Y, Zhan Y. Assessing and projecting the global burden of thyroid cancer, 1990-2030: Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04090. [PMID: 38577809 PMCID: PMC10995745 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to assess the global incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of thyroid cancer between 1990 and 2030. Methods Our study analysed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 data from 204 countries, spanning 1990-2019. It focused on age-standardised thyroid cancer incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), using the sociodemographic index (SDI) for assessing socioeconomic levels. Generalised additive models (GAMs) projected thyroid cancer trends for 2020-2030. Results The global burden of thyroid cancer is predicted to increase significantly from 1990 to 2030. The number of thyroid cancer incidence cases is projected to rise from 233 846.64 in 2019 to 305 078.08 by 2030, representing an approximate 30.46% increase. The ASIR (age-standardised incidence rate) is expected to continue its upward trend (estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) = 0.83). The age-standardised death rate (ASDR) for thyroid cancer is projected to decline in both genders, more notably in women (EAPC = -0.34) compared to men (EAPC = -0.17). The burden of disease escalates with advancing age, with significant regional disparities. Regions with lower SDI, particularly in South Asia, are anticipated to witness substantial increases in thyroid cancer incidence from 2020 to 2030. The overall disease burden is expected to rise, especially in countries with low to middle SDI, reflecting broader socio-economic and health care shifts. Conclusions This study highlights significant regional and gender-specific variations in thyroid cancer, with notable increases in incidence rates, particularly in areas like South Asia. These trends suggest improvements in diagnostic capabilities and the influence of socio-economic factors. Additionally, the observed decline in mortality rates across various regions reflects advancements in thyroid cancer management. The findings underline the critical importance of regionally tailored prevention strategies, robust cancer registries, and public health initiatives to address the evolving landscape of thyroid cancer and mitigate health disparities globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizheng Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Manting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Leiwen Fu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
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16
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Xu FZ, Zheng LL, Chen KH, Wang R, Yi DD, Jiang CY, Liu ZJ, Shi XB, Sang JF. Serum sex hormones correlate with pathological features of papillary thyroid cancer. Endocrine 2024; 84:148-154. [PMID: 37815746 PMCID: PMC10987349 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03554-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sex hormones are thought to be responsible for the unique gender differences in papillary thyroid cancer(PTC). Most previous studies on these have focused on the expression of estrogen receptors, or have been limited to animal studies. The aim of our study was to explore the relationship between serum sex hormones and the pathological features of PTC in the clinical setting, as further evidence of the role of sex hormones in PTC. METHODS Retrospective data analysis of patients who underwent thyroid surgery at the Department of Thyroid Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2022 to September 2022 Correlation between serum sex hormone and pathological features was analyzed in male patients and in menopausal female patients. Serum sex hormones include luteinizing hormone(LH), follicle stimulating hormone(FSH), estradiol(E2), total testosterone(TT), progesterone(P), and prolactin(PRL). Tumor pathological characteristics include the number and size of tumor, presence of extrathyroidal extension(ETE), presence of lymph node metastasis(LNM). RESULTS Preoperative serum E2 in male patients was positively correlated with tumor size in PTC, LH was negatively correlated with LNM, while TT and P were negatively correlated with ETE. Similar findings were not observed in menopausal female patients. CONCLUSION We observed that serum sex hormones correlate with the pathological features of PTC in male patients, for the first time in a clinical study. High serum estrogens may be a risk factor for PTC, while androgens are the opposite. This somewhat corroborates previous research and provides new variables for future PTC prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Zhan Xu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu-Lu Zheng
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke-Hao Chen
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Dan-Dan Yi
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chao-Yu Jiang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Liu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xian-Biao Shi
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jian-Feng Sang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Hu X, Yu J, Chen M, Pang R. PLK4 reflects extrathyroidal invasion, high tumor stage and poor prognosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients. Biomark Med 2024; 18:169-179. [PMID: 38440866 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the value of PLK4 as a biomarker in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods: This study reviewed 230 PTC patients receiving surgical resections. PLK4 was detected in tumor tissues and samples of normal thyroid gland tissues by immunohistochemistry. Results: PLK4 was elevated in tumor tissues versus normal thyroid gland tissues (p < 0.001). Tumor PLK4 was linked with extrathyroidal invasion (p = 0.036), higher pathological tumor stage (p = 0.030), node stage (p = 0.045) and tumor/node/metastasis stage (p = 0.022) in PTC patients. Tumor PLK4 immunohistochemistry score >3 was linked with shortened disease-free survival (p = 0.026) and overall survival (p = 0.028) and independently predicted poorer disease-free survival (hazard ratio: 2.797; p = 0.040). Conclusion: Tumor PLK4 reflects extrathyroidal invasion, higher tumor stage and shortened survival in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Hu
- Head & Neck Radiotherapy Ward, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jiawei Yu
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Mengshi Chen
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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Zhai M, Lei X, Li Y, Li L, Jiang Q, Li Y, Liu S. The trend of AIDS in China: A prediction and comparative analysis with G20 countries based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04029. [PMID: 38426702 PMCID: PMC10906135 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In China, AIDS has become the most severe notifiable infectious disease. The study aimed to analyse and predict the trend of AIDS in China and compared with Group of Twenty (G20) countries. Methods We utilised incidence, mortality or disability-adjusted life years (DALY), age-standardised rates (ASR), average annual percentage changes (AAPC) to estimate the trend via GBD 2019. The Joinpoint regression analysis was applied to identify the most significant years of change. We explored the relationship between AAPC and social development index (SDI) or health care access and quality (HAQ), and predicted trends for the next 20 years. Results The DALY in G20 increase of 340.42%, and 794.50% in China. The age-standardised DALY rate (ASDR) in G20 was 309.49 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) = 284.69, 350.58) in 2019, with an AAPC of 4.30. Among G20, the United States had the highest DALY in 1990, but it experienced a significant decline. In China, the ASDR was 98.15 (95% UI = 78.78, 119.58) with the 5th AAPC ranking. In term of gender, the incidence, mortality, DALY, and ASR of them in China and G20 were all higher in males. Furthermore, the gender gap in China had been widening. The most significant periods of ASDR increase in China were 1990-1995 and 2013-2016, and 1990-1994 in G20. The prediction for DALY indicated that high SDI countries were expected to exhibit a stable or declining trend, while low SDI countries showed an upward trend. China demonstrated a 57.66% increase in 2040 compared to 2019. Conclusions AIDS continues to be a significant burden. In China, the ASIR exhibited a decline trend in certain age groups, while the ASMR and ASDR continued to increase, with a widening gender disparity. In addition, according to our predict results, some countries could not achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development set by the UNAIDS. Therefore, it is necessary to establish more effective and targeted measures, as well as actively explore new treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Zhai
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianyang Lei
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Li
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sushun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Wang K, Zhang Y, Xing Y, Wang H, He M, Guo R. Current and future of immunotherapy for thyroid cancer based on bibliometrics and clinical trials. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:50. [PMID: 38403820 PMCID: PMC10894806 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00904-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is a leading endocrine malignancy, with anaplastic and medullary subtypes posing treatment challenges. Existing therapies have limited efficacy, highlighting a need for innovative approaches. METHODS We analyzed 658 articles and 87 eligible clinical trials using bibliometric tools and database searches, including annual publication and citation trends, were executed using Web of Science, CiteSpace, and VOS Viewer. RESULTS Post-2018, there is a surge in thyroid cancer immunotherapy research, primarily from China and the University of Pisa. Of the 87 trials, 32 were Phase I and 55 were Phase II, mostly exploring combination therapies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors. CONCLUSION The study's dual approach verifies the swift advancement of thyroid cancer immunotherapy from diverse perspectives. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become the preferred regimen for advanced MTC and ATC in late therapeutic lines. However, since ICB plays a pivotal role in ATC, current clinical trial data show that ATC patients account for more and the curative effect is more accurate. Anticipated future developments are inclined toward combination regimens integrating immunotherapy with chemotherapy or targeted therapies. Emerging approaches, such as bispecific antibodies, cytokine-based therapies, and adoptive cell therapies like CAR-T and TCR-T, are exhibiting considerable potential. Upcoming research is expected to concentrate on refining the tumor immune milieu and discovering novel biomarkers germane to immunotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Str, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China
| | - Yang Xing
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang Chun, China
| | - Minghua He
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Chang Chun, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Str, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Wang F, Ma B, Ma Q, Liu X. Global, regional, and national burden of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias: a systematic analysis of prevalence, incidence, deaths, and DALYs with projections to 2030. Int J Surg 2024; 110:01279778-990000000-01010. [PMID: 38265437 PMCID: PMC11020045 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hernias, particularly inguinal, femoral, and abdominal, present a global health challenge. While the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study offers insights, systematic analyses of hernias remain limited. This research utilizes the GBD dataset to explore hernia implications, combining current statistics with 2030 projections and frontier analysis. METHODS We analyzed data from the 2019 GBD Study, focusing on hernia-related metrics: prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries, grouped into 21 GBD regions by the SDI (SDI). Data analysis incorporated relative change calculations, Annual Percentage Change (APC), Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC), and Joinpoint Regression Analysis. The study also employed frontier analysis and the Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort model for trend prediction up to 2030. Analyses utilized R version 4.2.3. RESULTS From 1990 to 2019, global hernia cases surged by 36%, reaching over 32.5 million, even as age-standardized rates declined. A similar pattern was seen in mortality and DALYs, with absolute figures rising but age-standardized rates decreasing. Gender data between 1990 and 2020 showed consistent male dominance in hernia prevalence, even as rates for both genders fell. Regionally, Andean Latin America had the highest prevalence, with Qatar and Bulgaria noting significant increases and decreases, respectively. Frontier analyses across 204 countries linked higher SDIs with reduced hernia prevalence. Yet, some high SDI countries, like Qatar and the UK, deviated unexpectedly. Predictions up to 2030 anticipate increasing hernia prevalence, predominantly in males, while death rates are expected to decline. DALYs, after declining, are stabilizing. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis reveals a complex interplay between socio-demographic factors and hernia trends, emphasizing the need for targeted healthcare interventions. Despite advancements, vigilance and continuous research are essential for optimal hernia management globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan District, Beijing
| | - Bangzhen Ma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuyue Ma
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan District, Beijing
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan District, Beijing
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Chen J, Qiu Y, Wu W, Yang R, Li L, Yang Y, Yang X, Xu L. Trends and Projection of the Incidence of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Southwestern China: Age-Period-Cohort Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e48015. [PMID: 38157236 PMCID: PMC10787335 DOI: 10.2196/48015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The control of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is critical for achieving the vision of World Health Organization's End TB goal. OBJECTIVE This study analyzes the temporal trends in PTB incidence associated with age, period, and birth cohorts from 2006 to 2020 in Yunnan, China; projects the PTB burden till 2030; and explores the drivers of PTB incidence. METHODS The aggregated PTB incidence rates between 2005 and 2020 were obtained from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System. We used the age-period-cohort model to evaluate the age, period, and cohort effects on PTB incidence. We applied the Bayesian age-period-cohort model to project future PTB incidence from 2021 to 2030. We applied the decomposition algorithm to attribute the incidence trends to population aging, population growth, and age-specific changes from 2006 to 2030. RESULTS From 2006 to 2020, the PTB incidence in Yunnan was relatively stable, although the absolute number showed an increase. The net drift was -1.56% (95% CI -2.41% to -0.70%). An M-shaped bimodal local drift and a longitudinal age curve were observed. The overall local drift was below zero for most age groups except for the age groups of 15-19 years (2.37%, 95% CI -0.28% to 5.09%) and 50-54 years (0.41%, 95% CI -1.78% to 2.64%). The highest risk of PTB incidence was observed in the age group of 65-69 years, and another peak was observed in the age group of 20-24 years. Downward trends were observed for both period and cohort effects, but the cohort effect trends were uneven. A higher risk was observed for the birth cohorts of 1961-1970 (rate ratio [RR]1961-1965=1.10, 95% CI 0.88-1.38; RR1966-1970=1.11, 95% CI 0.92-1.37) and 2001-2010 (RR2001-2005=0.92, 95% CI 0.63-1.34; RR2006-2010=0.84, 95% CI 0.45-1.58) than for the adjacent cohorts. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model projected that PTB incidence will continually increase from 2021 to 2030 and that PTB incidence in 2030 will be 2.28 times higher than that in 2006. The age-specific change was the leading cause for the growing PTB disease burden. CONCLUSIONS Although there are several levels and measures for PTB control, the disease burden is likely to increase in the future. To bridge the gap of TB-free vision, our study suggests that public health policies be put in place soon, including large-scale active case-finding, priority prevention policies for high-risk older adult and young adult populations, and reduction of possible grandparent-grandchildren transmission patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinou Chen
- Division of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Yubing Qiu
- Division of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Division of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Division of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Li
- Division of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Yunbin Yang
- Division of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Division of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Division of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
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Lai Y, Gu Y, Yu M, Deng J. Thyroglobulin Antibody (TgAb) Positive is an Independent Risk Factor for Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:5979-5988. [PMID: 38144437 PMCID: PMC10748637 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s439919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between lymph node metastasis and the clinicopathologic features of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients with thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) positive and negative. Methods A total of 443 patients with DTC were included in this study. Clinicopathological data of the patients were collected, including tumor size, clinical stage, calcification, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, extra-membrane infiltration, BRAF V600E mutation status, and thyroid-related hormone and antibody levels. The relationship between of lymph node metastasis and clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Results There were 227(51.2%) TgAb negative and 216(48.8%) TgAb positive DTC patients. Compared with patients without lymph node metastasis, DTC patients with lymph node metastasis had a higher proportion of patients with <55 years of age, maximum tumor diameter >1cm, calcification, BRAF V600E mutation, and TgAb positive. Multivariate regression logistic analysis showed that <55 years old (odds ratio (OR): 2.744, 95% CI: 1.665-4.522, P<0.001), maximum tumor diameter >1cm (OR: 2.163, 95% CI: 1.431-3.271, P<0.001), BRAF V600E mutation (OR: 2.489, 95% CI: 1.397-4.434, P=0.002), and TgAb positive (OR: 1.540, 95% CI: 1.020-2.326, P=0.040) were risk factors for lymph node metastasis. Maximum tumor diameter >1cm and BRAF V600E increased the risk by more than one fold for lymph node metastasis in TgAb-negative and TgAb-positive DTC patients. Conclusion Younger age (<55 years old), maximum tumor diameter >1cm, BRAF V600E mutation, and TgAb positive were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in DTC. And maximum tumor diameter >1cm and BRAF V600E mutation were risk factors for lymph node metastasis both in TgAb positive and negative DTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqian Lai
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yihua Gu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqin Deng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
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Tang S, Zi H, Tao H, Huang Q, Guo X, Deng T, Li F. Secular trends of morbidity and mortality of thyroid cancer in five Asian countries from 1990 to 2019 and their predictions to 2035. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:3540-3548. [PMID: 37941298 PMCID: PMC10733153 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rising burden of thyroid cancer (TC) is a public health problem in Asia. Predicting the future burden of TC in Asian countries is essential for disease prevention. METHODS Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 for five Asian countries. We applied Bayesian age-period-cohort models to predict morbidity and mortality to 2035 and calculated age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR). Furthermore, the estimated annual percentage change was calculated to evaluate the variation of ASIR and ASMR. RESULTS By 2035, predictions suggest that cases of TC will reach 75.56 × 103 in China, 70.22 × 103 in India, 15.78 × 103 in the Republic of Korea, 9.01 × 103 in Japan and 5.55 × 103 in Thailand, respectively. Except Japan, a significant upward trend of ASIR of TC will be observed in five Asian countries. The deaths from TC will increase in five countries and India will become the highest reaching 14.07 × 103 . The ASMR will rise to 0.83/100 000 in India and 1.06/100 000 in the Republic of Korea, while it will drop to 0.35/100 000 in China, 0.43/100 000 in Japan and 0.50/100 000 in Thailand. In further predictions projected by sex, the growth rate of ASIR is reported higher in males than in females among most countries. ASMR of male will exceed that of females in China and Thailand by 2035. CONCLUSION The disease burden caused by TC will further increase in five Asian countries, especially for men. It is necessary to develop more rational and timely disease prevention and manage strategies facing this disease trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi‐Di Tang
- Center for Evidence‐Based and Translational MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hao Zi
- Center for Evidence‐Based and Translational MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hua Tao
- Department of Medical Social ServicesZhengzhou Second HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Qiao Huang
- Center for Evidence‐Based and Translational MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xing‐Pei Guo
- Department of General SurgeryZhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Tong Deng
- Center for Evidence‐Based and Translational MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Department of Thyroid and Breast SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fei Li
- Center for Evidence‐Based and Translational MedicineZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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24
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Jin S, Luo L, Xu X, Xia K. Thyroid cancer burden and risk factors in China from 1990-2019: a systematic analysis using the global burden of disease study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1231636. [PMID: 38023126 PMCID: PMC10663347 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1231636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine system malignancy with a rapidly increasing incidence in China. Epidemiological data on TC at the national level are lacking. This study aimed to quantify the TC disease burden in China between 1990 and 2019 and evaluate the current status and trends of the disease burden attributed to a high body mass index (HBMI). Methods The 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study dataset was used to explore the TC disease burden. Age-standardized rates of incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), deaths (ASDR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were considered and the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated as a measure of the average change in age-standardized rates. The trend in TC-related mortality and DALYs attributed to an HBMI, accounting for different age groups and sexes, was examined. Results Between 1990 and 2019, the ASDR and DALYs for TC decreased by 0.02/100000 and 1.17/100000, respectively. The ASPR and ASIR increased by 9.88/100000 and 1.04/100000, respectively. The EAPC for ASDR, age-standardized rates of DALYs, ASPR, and ASIR were 0.06 (95% CI: -0.09, 0.21), -0.20 (95% CI: -0.31, -0.10), 3.52 (95% CI: 3.35, 3.68), and 2.73 (95% CI: 2.58, 2.88), respectively. TC-related deaths, DALYs, and their prevalence and incidence in China increased by 118%, 350%, 81%, and 290%, respectively. The disease burden of TC was higher among male than female patients in different age groups, with varying distributions. The disease burden attributed to HBMI gradually increased over the past 30 years according to age-standardized DALYs, particularly in male patients. Conclusion The TC burden has increased in China over the past 30 years, and population aging poses a challenge to TC prevention and control. HBMI has become an important factor in the TC disease burden and further research should focus on reducing the disease burden among Chinese male patients with TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jin
- School of Biology and Engineering (School of Health and Medicine Modern Industry), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Hospital Infection Management Department, Bijie First People’s Hospital, Bijie, China
| | - Kaide Xia
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang, China
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25
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Chen J, Wang C, Shao B. Global, regional, and national thyroid cancer age-period-cohort modeling and Bayesian predictive modeling studies: A systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2019. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22490. [PMID: 38045179 PMCID: PMC10689957 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the changing trend of the global burden of thyroid cancer (TC) and its associated risk factors using data from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 (GBD 2019). Methods This study utilized the GBD 2019 database to analyze the burden trend of TC in various regions and countries from 1990 to 2019, while also examining the age-period-cohort (APC) effect. Additionally, the study used Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) and predictive models to forecast TC incidence up until 2030. Results According to data from 2019, there were 233,846.64 (95 % UI 211,636.89-252,806.55) cases of TC worldwide. The burden of TC varies among regions and countries, with higher incidence rates observed in moderate and above SDI regions. Age and gender also play a role, with incidence rates peaking in the >95 age group for men and the 70-74 age group for women. Additionally, women have a higher incidence than men. The APC model revealed that the impact of age was most significant among individuals aged 95 years and older, while it was lowest among those aged 0-14 years. Additionally, the period effect showed a relatively low risk of morbidity with a Period RR < 0 during 1990-2004 and a high relative risk of morbidity with a Period RR > 0 during 2005-2019. Furthermore, the cohort effect demonstrated that the relative risk of developing the disease was lower before 1950 and higher after 1950. Predicted values show an increasing trend in thyroid incidence over the next 30 years. Conclusions The findings of this study highlight the continued significance of thyroid cancer as a global public health issue. It is crucial to develop targeted interventions that address the specific risk factors associated with thyroid cancer. Furthermore, health policies should be customized and adapted to the unique needs of different regions and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Chen
- Hospital Office, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Beibei Shao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250000, China
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Zhu P, Zhang H, Wang W, Gu X, Ding Y, Qian M, Shi G. The challenges of returning to work for differentiated thyroid cancer survivors in china: a qualitative study. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:582. [PMID: 37728637 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although thyroid cancer survivors have a good prognosis and the survival rate of differentiated thyroid cancer is close to 100%, treatment and its side effects seriously affect the quality of life of patients, especially rehabilitation at work. The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges faced by differentiated thyroid cancer survivors in returning to work and maintaining employment. METHODS A purposive sample of differentiated thyroid cancer patients who had undergone surgical treatment and were followed up at the outpatient departments of thyroid surgery wards of two tertiary care hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China, between January and March 2023, were subjected to semi-structured interviews. An inductive content analysis was conducted to identify themes. RESULTS A total of 27 participants, aged 23-56 years, were interviewed. Three themes and eight subthemes were identified: pressure perception including social pressure in the workplace, regular appointments conflict with work schedules, and dilemma of career development; the challenges of self-adjustment including physical disorder, unable to adapt to the pace of work, and unstable mood affects working condition; and lack of social support including lack of access to information or support groups, lack of sympathy and understanding from employers, and lack of professional support. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified that our participants with differentiated thyroid cancer patients face challenges in trying to return to work or maintain employment within the confines of their disease. Multilevel interventions, ranging from employer and co-worker understanding to information, psychological and other support from health care professionals, can facilitate the process of returning to work and help patients reconcile illness and work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingting Zhu
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Hanjiang County,136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Hanjiang County,136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen Wang
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Hanjiang County,136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinyue Gu
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Hanjiang County,136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yinwen Ding
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Hanjiang County,136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meiyan Qian
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Hanjiang County,136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guanghui Shi
- School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Hanjiang County,136 Jiangyang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu Province, China
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Long J, Zhai M, Jiang Q, Li J, Xu C, Chen D. The incidence and mortality of lung cancer in China: a trend analysis and comparison with G20 based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1177482. [PMID: 37621689 PMCID: PMC10446846 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1177482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is a significant health concern in China. There is limited available data of its burden and trends. This study aims to evaluate the trends of lung cancer across different age groups and genders in China and the Group of Twenty (G20) countries, explore the risk factors, and predict the future trends over a 20-year period. Methods The data were obtained from the GBD study 2019. The number of cases, age standardized rate (ASR), and average annual percentage changes (AAPC) were used to estimate the trend in lung cancer by age, gender, region and risk factor. The trend of lung cancer was predicted by autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model by the "xtarimau" command. The joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to identify periods with the highest changes in incidence and mortality. Additionally, the relationship between AAPCs and socio-demographic index (SDI) was explored. Results From 1990 to 2019, both the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in China and G20 significantly increased, with China experiencing a higher rate of increase. The years with the highest increase in incidence of lung cancer in China were 1998-2004 and 2007-2010. Among the G20 countries, the AAPC in incidence and mortality of lung cancer in the Republic of Korea was the highest, followed closely by China. Although India exhibited similarities, its AAPC in lung cancer incidence and mortality rates was lower than that of China. The prediction showed that the incidence in China will continue to increase. In terms of risk factors, smoking was the leading attributable cause of mortality in all countries, followed by occupational risk and ambient particulate matter pollution. Notably, smoking in China exhibited the largest increase among the G20 countries, with ambient particulate matter pollution ranking second. Conclusion Lung cancer is a serious public health concern in China, with smoking and environmental particulate pollution identified as the most important risk factors. The incidence and mortality rates are expected to continue to increase, which places higher demands on China's lung cancer prevention and control strategies. It is urgent to tailor intervention measures targeting smoking and environmental pollution to contain the burden of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhai Long
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medicine University, Beijing, China
| | - Mimi Zhai
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiyang Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medicine University, Beijing, China
| | - Cixian Xu
- Public Health Emergency Center, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China
| | - Duo Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Liang T, Wu X, Wang L, Ni Z, Fan Y, Wu P, Wang H, Niu Y, Huang H. Clinical significance and diagnostic value of QPCT, SCEL and TNFRSF12A in papillary thyroid cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154431. [PMID: 37060824 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify specific novel genes that could be used as diagnostic and prognostic factors in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS Screening of differential genes by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) in normal thyroid, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, PTC combined with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and PTC tissues. The genes QPCT, SCEL and TNFRSF12A were selected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical pre-experiments. The GEPIA2 database, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemical studies were used to confirm the target genes QPCT, SCEL, and TNFRSF12A. ROC curves were used to assess the diagnostic usefulness of these 3 genes for PTC in more detail. RESULTS Functional enrichment analysis showed that QPCT, SCEL and TNFRSF12A were enriched in the pathways for peptidyl-pyroglutamic acid biosynthesis, keratinocyte differentiation, WNT signaling, apoptosis. GEPIA2 database analysis revealed that QPCT, SCEL and TNFRSF12A were high in thyroid cancer, and TC patients with lower TNFRSF12A levels had short survival. QPCT, SCEL and TNFRSF12A were elevated in PTC and thyroid adenoma. The mRNA diagnostic values were as follows: for QPCT, AUROC = 0.891, 95% CI, 0.835-0.947; for SCEL, AUROC = 0.921, 95% CI, 0.869-0.974; for TNFRSF12A, AUROC = 0.884, 95% CI, 0.809-0.958. Immunohistochemical results showed that QPCT, SCEL, and TNFRSF12A differed to varying degrees between subgroups of thyroid tissue. SCEL was associated with BRAF V600E mutation status and stratification of recurrence risk, while TNFRSF12A was associated with Cyclin D1. The protein diagnostic values were as follows: for QPCT, AUROC = 0.752, 95% CI, 0.685-0.819; for SCEL, AUROC = 0.715, 95% CI, 0.645-0.784; for TNFRSF12A, AUROC = 0.660, 95% CI, 0.587-0.734. CONCLUSION QPCT, SCEL and TNFRSF12A are expected to be diagnostic markers for PTC.
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Luo G, Zhang Y, Etxeberria J, Arnold M, Cai X, Hao Y, Zou H. Projections of Lung Cancer Incidence by 2035 in 40 Countries Worldwide: Population-Based Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e43651. [PMID: 36800235 PMCID: PMC9984998 DOI: 10.2196/43651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global burden of lung cancer (LC) is increasing. Quantitative projections of the future LC burden in different world regions could help optimize the allocation of resources and provide a benchmark for evaluating LC prevention and control interventions. OBJECTIVE We aimed to predict the future incidence of LC in 40 countries by 2035, with an emphasis on country- and sex-specific disparities. METHODS Data on LC incidence from 1978 to 2012 were extracted from 126 cancer registries of 40 countries in Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Volumes V-XI and used for the projection. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) per 100,000 person-years and the number of incident cases were predicted through 2035, using the NORDPRED age-period-cohort model. RESULTS Global ASRs of the 40 studied countries were predicted to decrease by 23% (8.2/35.8) among males, from 35.8 per 100,000 person-years in 2010 to 27.6 in 2035, and increase by 2% (0.3/16.8) among females, from 16.8 in 2010 to 17.1 in 2035. The ASRs of LC among females are projected to continue increasing dramatically in most countries by 2035, with peaks after the 2020s in most European, Eastern Asian, and Oceanian countries, whereas the ASRs among males will continue to decline in almost all countries. The ASRs among females are predicted to almost reach those among males in Ireland, Norway, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Canada, the United States, and New Zealand in 2025 and in Slovenia in 2035 and even surpass those among males in Denmark in 2020 and in Brazil and Colombia in 2025. In 2035, the highest ASRs are projected to occur among males in Belarus (49.3) and among females in Denmark (36.8). The number of new cases in 40 countries is predicted to increase by 65.32% (858,000/1,314,000), from 1.31 million in 2010 to 2.17 million in 2035. China will have the largest number of new cases. CONCLUSIONS LC incidence is expected to continue to increase through 2035 in most countries, making LC a major public health challenge worldwide. The ongoing transition in the epidemiology of LC highlights the need for resource redistribution and improved LC control measures to reduce future LC burden worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganfeng Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jaione Etxeberria
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, Navarre, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Public University of Navarre, Navarre, Spain
| | - Melina Arnold
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Xiuyu Cai
- Department of VIP Inpatient, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuantao Hao
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Xu L, Cao ZX, Weng X, Wang CF. Global thyroid cancer incidence trend and age-period-cohort model analysis based on Global Burden of Disease Study from 1990 to 2019. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1133098. [PMID: 37124740 PMCID: PMC10130642 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1133098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In view of the rapid increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) and the spread of overdiagnosis around the world, the quantitative evaluation of the effect of age, period and birth cohort on the incidence of TC, and the analysis of the role of different factors in the incidence trend can provide scientific basis and data support for the national health departments to formulate reasonable prevention and treatment policies. Methods The study collated the global burden disease study data of TC incidence from 1990 to 2019, and used APC model to analyze the contribution of age, period and birth cohort to the incidence trend of TC. Results There was an obvious unfavorable upward trend in terms of age and cohort effect all over the world. Since 2007, the growth rate of risk slowed down and the risk in female even decreased since 2012, which mainly contributed to the developed countries. In all SDI countries, 2002 is the dividing point of risk between male and female. In 2019, The global age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of TC in the 5 SDI countries all showed a significant upward trend, with the largest upward trend in the middle SDI countries. Conclusion The trend of rapid increase in the incidence of TC has begun to slow down, but the global incidence of TC has obvious gender and regional/national heterogeneity. Policy makers should tailor specific local strategies to the risk factors of each country to further reduce the burden of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Xu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Xu Cao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Weng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanhua University, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Can Fei Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Can Fei Wang,
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Zhang M, Gu J, Wang W, Wang K, Zheng L, Feng J, Shang J. Combined expression of the BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 in early papillary thyroid carcinoma and its relationship with clinicopathological features and recurrence-a retrospective cohort study. Gland Surg 2022; 11:1908-1923. [PMID: 36654945 PMCID: PMC9840988 DOI: 10.21037/gs-22-701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Identifying the high recurrence group of patients with early-stage papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the greatest challenge in the management of this disease. It has been noted that B-type Rafkinase (BRAF) V600E mutation and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) are associated in PTC and highly expressed in PTC, correlating in PTC as potential prognostic biomarkers. However, whether they can be used to predict the aggressiveness and recurrence of early PTC remains unclear. Methods Clinicopathological data of 137 patients with early PTC [tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage I-II] who underwent surgery in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between 2008 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 was detected by immunohistochemistry. The median follow-up time was 136 months (interquartile range 5.8). The presence of tumor confirmed by imaging or pathology or lymph node metastasis was considered as tumor recurrence. The association of both alone and in combination with clinicopathological features and recurrence was statistically analyzed respectively. The risk of recurrence was assessed using Cox regression models. Results Most of the 137 early PTC were female (78.1%). The mean age was 43.2±12.1 years. The median tumor size was 1.4 cm; 14 patients developed recurrence during follow-up period; 56 patients (40.9%) were detected positive for BRAFV600E mutation; 76 patients (55.5%) were detected positive for PD-L1. Patients with both BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 expression had larger tumors (P=0.038), were more likely to have extrathyroidal invasion (P=0.045), and had a lower rate of cervical lymph node metastasis (P=0.046). The recurrence rate was 17.5% (7/40) in patients with BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 double expression compared to 8.9% (4/45) in patients with BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 double negative [hazard ratio (HR) =1.267; 95% CI: 0.841-1.909; P=0.257]. Survival curves showed flatter recurrence-free survival (RFS) curves in positive BRAFV600E mutation only and PD-L1 expression only, whereas decreased sharply in positive expression of both BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1; however, the differences were not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions The combination of BRAFV600E mutation and PD-L1 to identify group at higher risk of recurrence in early PTC has insufficient clinical evidence and should be used with caution in the clinical management of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialei Gu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China;,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wendong Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China;,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kejing Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China;,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linfeng Zheng
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinbiao Shang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China;,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China;,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Patterns of Thyroid Cancer Mortality and Incidence in Saudi Arabia: A 30-Year Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112716. [PMID: 36359559 PMCID: PMC9689402 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine cancer among the female population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the ninth most common in the male population in Saudi Arabia. Over the past years, an increasing incidence of thyroid cancer has been reported in Saudi Arabia. However, the etiology of thyroid cancer is still not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate thyroid cancer incidence and mortality trends in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2019. The current study utilized the Global Burden of Disease and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation databases to extract prevalence data of thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2019. Moreover, the current project utilizes Global Burden of Disease (GBD) web-based tools to visualize these data. In total, 23,846 cases (17,220 females and 6626 males) were diagnosed with thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2019. The incidence is higher in females than in males. Over these 30 years, women’s incidence steadily increased by 15-fold versus a 22-fold increase in men. Moreover, there were 2056 deaths in total caused by thyroid cancer in KSA. The mortality rate in women steadily increased by threefold in the same period. However, the increase in mortality was higher in males (sixfold). A high percentage of YLLs was observed in males, with around 24.8% ranging from 30 to 34 and 40 to 45 years. Thyroid cancer incidence rates have increased exponentially between 1990 and 2019. The expansion of the incidence of thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia could be due to the increased development in detection and diagnosis. The current study provided evidence of the need to increase awareness and diagnosis in the male population.
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Wu NX, Deng LJ, Xiong F, Xie JY, Li XJ, Zeng Q, Sun JC, Chen D, Yang P. Risk of thyroid cancer and benign nodules associated with exposure to parabens among Chinese adults in Wuhan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:70125-70134. [PMID: 35581467 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are widely used as preservatives, which have been found to affect thyroid function in toxicological studies. However, population studies on whether they are associated with thyroid tumors remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the relationship between environmental paraben exposure and thyroid cancer and benign nodules. We recruited participants from the Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery at Wuhan Central Hospital, Wuhan, China. The detectable percentages of methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, and propyl paraben in the urinary samples of 425 study subjects were 99.1%, 95.3%, and 92.0%, respectively. All uncorrected and creatinine-corrected parabens were moderately correlated with one another. After adjusting for possible confounders, all three parabens were associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer. Furthermore, the mixture pollutant analysis of parabens found positive associations with risk of thyroid cancer (OR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.31) and benign nodules (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.86, 1.80). We observed that individual exposure to paraben mixtures may be associated with the risk of thyroid cancer and benign nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Xin Wu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Lang-Jing Deng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Ying Xie
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Li
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Jia-Chen Sun
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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Guo YY, Li ZJ, Du C, Gong J, Liao P, Zhang JX, Shao C. Machine learning for identifying benign and malignant of thyroid tumors: A retrospective study of 2,423 patients. Front Public Health 2022; 10:960740. [PMID: 36187616 PMCID: PMC9515945 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.960740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid tumors, one of the common tumors in the endocrine system, while the discrimination between benign and malignant thyroid tumors remains insufficient. The aim of this study is to construct a diagnostic model of benign and malignant thyroid tumors, in order to provide an emerging auxiliary diagnostic method for patients with thyroid tumors. The patients were selected from the Chongqing General Hospital (Chongqing, China) from July 2020 to September 2021. And peripheral blood, BRAFV600E gene, and demographic indicators were selected, including sex, age, BRAFV600E gene, lymphocyte count (Lymph#), neutrophil count (Neu#), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), platelets count (PLT), red blood cell distribution width-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and parathyroid hormone (PTH). First, feature selection was executed by univariate analysis combined with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. Afterward, we used machine learning algorithms to establish three types of models. The first model contains all predictors, the second model contains indicators after feature selection, and the third model contains patient peripheral blood indicators. The four machine learning algorithms include extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), and adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) which were used to build predictive models. A grid search algorithm was used to find the optimal parameters of the machine learning algorithms. A series of indicators, such as the area under the curve (AUC), were intended to determine the model performance. A total of 2,042 patients met the criteria and were enrolled in this study, and 12 variables were included. Sex, age, Lymph#, PLR, RDW, and BRAFV600E were identified as statistically significant indicators by univariate and LASSO analysis. Among the model we constructed, RF, XGBoost, LightGBM and AdaBoost with the AUC of 0.874 (95% CI, 0.841-0.906), 0.868 (95% CI, 0.834-0.901), 0.861 (95% CI, 0.826-0.895), and 0.837 (95% CI, 0.802-0.873) in the first model. With the AUC of 0.853 (95% CI, 0.818-0.888), 0.853 (95% CI, 0.818-0.889), 0.837 (95% CI, 0.800-0.873), and 0.832 (95% CI, 0.797-0.867) in the second model. With the AUC of 0.698 (95% CI, 0.651-0.745), 0.688 (95% CI, 0.639-0.736), 0.693 (95% CI, 0.645-0.741), and 0.666 (95% CI, 0.618-0.714) in the third model. Compared with the existing models, our study proposes a model incorporating novel biomarkers which could be a powerful and promising tool for predicting benign and malignant thyroid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-yuan Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-jie Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fuling Center Hospital of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Department of Information Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pu Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Pu Liao
| | - Jia-xing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Shao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Azangou-Khyavy M, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Rezaei N, Esfahani Z, Rezaei N, Azadnajafabad S, Rashidi MM, Mohammadi E, Tavangar SM, Jamshidi H, Mokdad AH, Naghavi M, Farzadfar F, Larijani B. National, sub-national, and risk-attributed burden of thyroid cancer in Iran from 1990 to 2019. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13231. [PMID: 35918489 PMCID: PMC9346133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17115-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
An updated exploration of the burden of thyroid cancer across a country is always required for making correct decisions. The objective of this study is to present the thyroid cancer burden and attributed burden to the high Body Mass Index (BMI) in Iran at national and sub-national levels from 1990 to 2019. The data was obtained from the GBD 2019 study estimates. To explain the pattern of changes in incidence from 1990 to 2019, decomposition analysis was conducted. Besides, the attribution of high BMI in the thyroid cancer DALYs and deaths were obtained. The age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer was 1.57 (95% UI: 1.33–1.86) in 1990 and increased 131% (53–191) until 2019. The age-standardized prevalence rate of thyroid cancer was 30.19 (18.75–34.55) in 2019 which increased 164% (77–246) from 11.44 (9.38–13.85) in 1990. In 2019, the death rate, and Disability-adjusted life years of thyroid cancer was 0.49 (0.36–0.53), and 13.16 (8.93–14.62), respectively. These numbers also increased since 1990. The DALYs and deaths attributable to high BMI was 1.91 (0.95–3.11) and 0.07 (0.04–0.11), respectively. The thyroid cancer burden and high BMI attributed burden has increased from 1990 to 2019 in Iran. This study and similar studies’ results can be used for accurate resource allocation for efficient management and all potential risks’ modification for thyroid cancer with a cost-conscious view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Esfahani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Rezaei
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Azadnajafabad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Jamshidi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali H Mokdad
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mohsen Naghavi
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Advantages of Small Incision Surgery in Thyroid Tumors. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7794819. [PMID: 35860002 PMCID: PMC9293577 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7794819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Thyroid tumor is a common thyroid disease, and the incidence of complications after traditional thyroid surgery is high, which seriously affects the prognosis of patients. With the development of minimally invasive techniques, small incision surgery has a positive impact on changing the traditional thyroid surgery treatment. However, the gap between small incision surgery and traditional thyroid surgery is unclear, so this meta-analysis was used to evaluate its application value. Methods Searching English biomedical databases, including PubMed and Science Network and Chinese major biomedical databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, and Weipu. The keywords of the searched articles are as follows: small incision surgery, traditional thyroid surgery, thyroid tumor treatment, clinical efficacy of thyroid tumor, and surgical treatment, and these keywords are searched individually or in combination to track relevant systematic reviews and literature meta-analysis, and conduct other studies. The retrieval period is from the establishment of the database to January 2022. After extracting the article data, the patients were divided into small incision surgery group and traditional thyroid surgery group due to different intervention methods. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the included literature, and RevMan 5.30 was used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 9 articles met the inclusion criteria. There were 369 patients with small incision surgery and 364 patients with traditional thyroid surgery. Compared with traditional thyroid surgery, patients treated with small incision surgery had significant short hospitalization time (MD −2.72, 95% CI (−3.32, −2.12)), less amount of bleeding (MD −15.52, 95% CI (−20.40, −10.65)), short incision length (MD −12.73, 95% CI (−16.29, −9.17)), lower VAS score (MD −2.58, 95% CI (−4.08, −1.08)), and less complications (RR 0.30, 95% CI (0.21, 0.44)). Conclusion Compared with traditional thyroid surgery, the results show that small incision surgery can shorten the hospital stay of patients with thyroid tumor, reduce the length of incision, reduce the amount of bleeding and the occurrence of complications, reduce postoperative pain, and have a positive effect on postoperative survival of patients.
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Chen B, Liu D, Chen R, Guo L, Ran J. Elevated LINC00894 relieves the oncogenic properties of thyroid cancer cell by sponging let-7e-5p to promote TIA-1 expression. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:56. [PMID: 35776220 PMCID: PMC9249958 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
LINC00894 plays an important role in cancer cell proliferation and invasion in breast and kidney cancer. However, its role in thyroid cancer proliferation and metastasis remains unclear. In this study, data on LINC00894 expression in thyroid cancer tissues were obtained from GEPIA2. miRNA expression in thyroid cancer tissues was obtained from starBase 3.0 and OncomiR. Cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK-8, and Transwell chambers were used for the migration and invasion assays. LINC00894 and let-7e-5p expressions in thyroid cancer cells were measured using qRT-PCR. Meanwhile, TIA-1 expression in thyroid cancer cells was analyzed via western blotting. We found that LINC00894 expression was markedly reduced in thyroid cancer tissues and cells, and low expression of LINC00894 was associated with poor prognosis in thyroid cancer. LINC00894 overexpression inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CAL-62 and TPC-1 cells. Additionally, let-7e-5p expression was substantially enhanced in CAL-62 and TPC-1 cells. LINC00894 overexpression promoted TIA-1 expression by acting as a sponge of let-7e-5p. Finally, let-7e-5p weakened the function of LINC00894 in thyroid cancer cells via reduction in TIA-1 levels. In conclusion, our data suggest that increased LINC00894 expression reduces the oncogenic properties of thyroid cancer cells by sponging let-7e-5p to promote TIA-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Endocrinology Department, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
- Institute of Diseases-Oriented Nutrition Research, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
- Endocrinology Department, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510350, China
| | - Deqing Liu
- Endocrinology Department, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510350, China
| | - Runjie Chen
- Endocrinology Department, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510350, China
| | - Libing Guo
- Oncology Department, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 510350, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Ran
- Endocrinology Department, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China.
- Institute of Diseases-Oriented Nutrition Research, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, China.
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38
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Bellanger MM, Zhou K, Lelièvre SA. Embedding the Community and Individuals in Disease Prevention. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:826776. [PMID: 35445040 PMCID: PMC9013848 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.826776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary prevention of non-communicable diseases is one of the most challenging and exciting aspects of medicine and primary care this century. For cancer, it is an urgent matter in light of the increasing burden of the disease among younger people and the higher frequency of more aggressive forms of the disease for all ages. Most chronic disorders result from the influence of the environment on the expression of genes within an individual. The environment at-large encompasses lifestyle (including nutrition), and chemical/physical and social exposures. In cancer, the interaction between the (epi)genetic makeup of an individual and a multiplicity of environmental risk and protecting factors is considered key to disease onset. Thus, like for precision therapy developed for patients, personalized or precision prevention is envisioned for individuals at risk. Prevention means identifying people at higher risk and intervening to reduce the risk. It requires biological markers of risk and non-aggressive preventive actions for the individual, but it also involves acting on the environment and the community. Social scientists are considering micro (individual/family), meso (community), and macro (country population) levels of care to illustrate that problems and solutions exist on different scales. Ideally, the design of interventions in prevention should integrate all these levels. In this perspective article, using the example of breast cancer, we are discussing challenges and possible solutions for a multidisciplinary community of scientists, primary health care practitioners and citizens to develop a holistic approach of primary prevention, keeping in mind equitable access to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine M Bellanger
- Scientific Direction for Translational Research, Integrated Center for Oncology (ICO), Angers, France
| | - Ke Zhou
- Scientific Direction for Translational Research, Integrated Center for Oncology (ICO), Angers, France
| | - Sophie A Lelièvre
- Scientific Direction for Translational Research, Integrated Center for Oncology (ICO), Angers, France
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[Detection of DNA methylation of HYAL2 gene for differentiating malignant from benign thyroid tumors]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:123-129. [PMID: 35249879 PMCID: PMC8901399 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.01.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the value of DNA methylation level of HYAL2 gene as a molecular marker for differential diagnosis of malignant and benign thyroid tumors. METHODS DNA methylation of HYAL2 gene in tissue specimens of 190 patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and 190 age- and gender-matched patients with benign thyroid tumors was examined by mass spectrometry, and the protein expression of HYAL2 was detected immunohistochemically for another 55 pairs of patients. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and evaluate the correlation of per 10% reduction in DNA methylation with PTC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed and the area under curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the predictive value of alterations in HYAL2 methylation. RESULTS Hypomethylation of HYAL2_CpG_3 was significantly correlated with early-stage PTC (OR=1.51, P=0.001), even in stage I cancer (OR=1.42, P=0.007). Age-stratified analysis revealed a significantly stronger correlation between increased HYAL2_CpG_ 3 methylation and early-stage PTC in patients below 50 years than in those older than 50 years (OR: 1.89 vs 1.37, P < 0.05); ROC analysis also showed a larger AUC of 0.787 in younger patients. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that patients with PTC had significantly higher protein expressions of HYAL2 than patients with benign tumors. CONCLUSION The alterations of DNA methylation level of HYAL2 gene is significantly correlated with early-stage PTC, suggesting the value of DNA methylation level as a potential biomarker for differentiation of malignant from benign thyroid tumors.
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Toluidine blue for the detection of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with thyroid cancer. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2022; 26:259-267. [PMID: 36816393 PMCID: PMC9933357 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2022.124585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thyroid cancer (TC) demonstrates steady growth in incidence worldwide and remains an urgent problem in oncology. The detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) with a selective dye and further histological examination in selecting the proper (personalized) surgical strategy and the volume of surgical intervention for clinically undetermined regional lymph nodes. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intraoperative detection of SLN with a 1% toluidine blue aqueous solution. Material and methods The significant tasks are to identify the pattern of TC metastases to cervical lymph nodes, to establish the prevalence of "skip" metastases, to compare the frequency of complications after total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection and lateral neck dissection with total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection, and to determine the feasibility of the application of lateral neck dissections in patients with papillary and follicular TC without metastases to regional lymph nodes (according to physical examination and ultrasound). Results According to our data the SLN identification rate was 97.6%. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and frequency of false negative and false positive results was 89.2, 94.6, 88.03, 95.16, 10.8, and 5.4%, respectively. The most common metastasis was in the central neck compartment (83.7%). Skip metastases were determined in 4.9% of patients. Conclusions The low prevalence of "skip" metastases and a significant risk of postoperative complications (wound exudation, lymphorrhagia, inflammation, hypoparathyroidism, paresis of the vocal cords) support the idea that lateral neck dissection is appropriate only in cases of confirmed metastases by physical examination and/or ultrasound at the preoperative stage.
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Zhu Y, Liu K, Wang K, Peng L. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors in Chinese Patients With Advanced Radioactive Iodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Network Meta-Analysis and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:909333. [PMID: 35909569 PMCID: PMC9329872 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.909333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two targeted drugs (apatinib and lenvatinib) show clinical efficacy in first-line treatment of Chinese patients with radioactive advanced iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) and are recommended by the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines. Considering the high clinical cost of long-term vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor administration and to determine which of the two targeted drugs is preferable, we opted to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and network meta-analysis (NMA). MATERIAL AND METHODS The results of NMA and CEA included in the two phase III randomized clinical trials REALITY (NCT03048877) and Study-308 (NCT02966093), in which Bayesian NMA and CEA were performed on 243 and 149 Chinese patients, respectively, were retrieved. Overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS) for apatinib versus lenvatinib were determined by NMA. CEA involved the development of a 20-year Markov model to obtain the total cost and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and this was followed by sensitivity and subgroup analyses. RESULTS Compared with lenvatinib, apatinib therapy provided a 0.837 improvement in QALY and $6,975 reduction in costs. The hazard ratio of apatinib versus lenvatinib and the cost of the targeted drugs had a significant impact on the model. According to the sensitivity analysis, apatinib was more cost-effective and had no correlation with willingness-to-pay in China. Subgroup analysis showed that apatinib maintained PFS more economically. CONCLUSION NMA and CEA demonstrated that apatinib was more cost-effective compared to lenvatinib in the first-line treatment of Chinese RAIR-DTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kailing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Libo Peng
- Department of Oncology, Loudi Central Hospital, The Central Hospital of Loudi Affiliated to the University of South China, Loudi, China
- *Correspondence: Libo Peng,
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Zhang Q, Li J, Shen H, Bai X, Zhang T, Liu P. Screening and validation of lymph node metastasis risk-factor genes in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:991906. [PMID: 36465624 PMCID: PMC9714616 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.991906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although most papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cases have a good prognosis, some PTCs are more aggressive and are often accompanied by lymph node (LN) metastasis, a high recurrence rate, and poor prognosis. Distinguishing highly invasive metastatic PTC is an urgent problem that needs to be addressed clinically. We analyzed a microarray of metastasized PTC and validated it using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry to identify biomarkers that can be used to assess the risk of PTC metastasis. METHODS The microarray of metastasized PTC was screened using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differences between cancer and normal tissues were analyzed using the official GEO tool: GEO2R. Gene expression profile data (GEPIA) were used to verify the expression of differential genes in large samples and to analyze their correlation. The Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM-plotter) database was used for the analysis of genes potentially related to survival. RT-qPCR was used to check the expression of risk factor genes in pathological sections from PTC patients with clinical LN metastasis. Immunohistochemistry was used to verify the expression of core risk-associated genes. RESULTS Fourteen PTC metastasis-associated genes were identified. In metastasized PTC, CLDN1, LRP4, LRRK2, and TENM1 were highly expressed, whereas DIO1, DPP6, HGD, IPCEF1, MT1F, SLC26A4, SLC26A7, SPX, TFF3, and TPO were expressed at low levels, compared to expression in normal tissues. DIO1, HGD, SLC26A4, and TPO were found to be the core risk genes in the PTC metastatic risk set. Results based on clinical samples showed that the expression differences for metastasis risk-associated genes were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis results. CONCLUSIONS Fourteen differentially expressed genes (CLDN1, LRP4, LRRK2, TENM1, DIO1, DPP6, HGD, IPCEF1, MT1F, SLC26A4, SLC26A7, SPX, TFF3, TPO) are associated with an increased risk of PTC metastasis, and DIO1, HGD, SLC26A4, and TPO are the key risk-associated genes in this set that might affect the occurrence and development of PTC through iodine metabolism. These genes could provide a reference for clinical metastatic PTC risk evaluation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Liaoning Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Hengyan Shen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xinyu Bai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Ping Liu,
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Benvenga S, Famà F, Perdichizzi LG, Antonelli A, Brenta G, Vermiglio F, Moleti M. Fish and the Thyroid: A Janus Bifrons Relationship Caused by Pollutants and the Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:891233. [PMID: 35712237 PMCID: PMC9196333 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.891233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Benefits of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on a number of clinical disorders, including autoimmune diseases, are widely reported in the literature. One major dietary source of PUFA are fish, particularly the small oily fish, like anchovy, sardine, mackerel and others. Unfortunately, fish (particularly the large, top-predator fish like swordfish) are also a source of pollutants, including the heavy metals. One relevant heavy metal is mercury, a known environmental trigger of autoimmunity that is measurable inside the thyroid. There are a number of interactions between the omega-3 PUFA and thyroid hormones, even at the level of the thyroid hormone transport proteins. Concerning the mechanisms behind the protection from/amelioration of autoimmune diseases, including thyroiditis, that are caused by the omega-3 PUFA, one can be the decreased production of chemokines, a decrease that was reported in the literature for other nutraceuticals. Recent studies point also to the involvement of resolvins. The intracellular increase in resolvins is associated with the tissue protection from inflammation that was observed in experimental animals after coadministration of omega-3 PUFA and thyroid hormone. After having presented data on fish consumption at the beginning, we conclude our review by presenting data on the market of the dietary supplements/nutraceuticals. The global omega-3 products market was valued at USD 2.10 billion in 2020, and was projected to go up at a compound annual growth rate of 7.8% from 2020 to 2028. Among supplements, fish oils, which are derived mainly from anchovies, are considered the best and generally safest source of omega-3. Taking into account (i) the anti-autoimmunity and anti-cancer properties of the omega-3 PUFA, (ii) the increasing incidence of both autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer worldwide, (iii) the predisposing role for thyroid cancer exerted by autoimmune thyroiditis, and (iv) the risk for developing metabolic and cardiovascular disorders conferred by both elevated/trendwise elevated serum TSH levels and thyroid autoimmunity, then there is enough rationale for the omega-3 PUFA as measures to contrast the appearance and/or duration of Hashimoto's thyroiditis as well as to correct the slightly elevated serum TSH levels of subclinical hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fausto Famà
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- *Correspondence: Fausto Famà, ;
| | | | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriela Brenta
- Division of Endocrinology, Dr. Cesar Milstein Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francesco Vermiglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mariacarla Moleti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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