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Zaldívar-López S, Herrera-Uribe J, Bautista R, Jiménez Á, Moreno Á, Claros MG, Garrido JJ. Salmonella Typhimurium induces genome-wide expression and phosphorylation changes that modulate immune response, intracellular survival and vesicle transport in infected neutrophils. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:104597. [PMID: 36450302 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium is a food-borne pathogen that causes salmonellosis. When in contact with the host, neutrophils are rapidly recruited to act as first line of defense. To better understand the pathogenesis of this infection, we used an in vitro model of neutrophil infection to perform dual RNA-sequencing (both host and pathogen). In addition, and given that many pathogens interfere with kinase-mediated phosphorylation in host signaling, we performed a phosphoproteomic analysis. The immune response was overall diminished in infected neutrophils, mainly JAK/STAT and toll-like receptor signaling pathways. We found decreased expression of proinflammatory cytokine receptor genes and predicted downregulation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAPK) signaling pathway. Also, Salmonella infection inhibited interferons I and II signaling pathways by upregulation of SOCS3 and subsequent downregulation of STAT1 and STAT2. Additionally, phosphorylation of PSMC2 and PSMC4, proteasome regulatory proteins, was decreased in infected neutrophils. Cell viability and survival was increased by p53 signaling, cell cycle arrest and NFkB-proteasome pathways activation. Combined analysis of RNA-seq and phosphoproteomics also revealed inhibited vesicle transport mechanisms mediated by dynein/dynactin and exocyst complexes, involved in ER-to-Golgi transport and centripetal movement of lysosomes and endosomes. Among the overexpressed virulence genes from Salmonella we found potential effectors responsible of these dysregulations, such as spiC, sopD2, sifA or pipB2, all of them involved in intracellular replication. Our results suggest that Salmonella induces (through overexpression of virulence factors) transcriptional and phosphorylation changes that increases neutrophil survival and shuts down immune response to minimize host response, and impairing intracellular vesicle transport likely to keep nutrients for replication and Salmonella-containing vacuole formation and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zaldívar-López
- Grupo de Inmunogenómica y Patogénesis Molecular, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), GA-14 Research Group, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Juber Herrera-Uribe
- Grupo de Inmunogenómica y Patogénesis Molecular, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rocío Bautista
- Plataforma Andaluza de Bioinformática, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ángeles Jiménez
- Grupo de Inmunogenómica y Patogénesis Molecular, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángela Moreno
- Grupo de Inmunogenómica y Patogénesis Molecular, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Gonzalo Claros
- Plataforma Andaluza de Bioinformática, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan J Garrido
- Grupo de Inmunogenómica y Patogénesis Molecular, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), GA-14 Research Group, Córdoba, Spain
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2
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Interferon-β regulates proresolving lipids to promote the resolution of acute airway inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201146119. [PMID: 35878041 PMCID: PMC9351544 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201146119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by aberrant inflammatory responses, including polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocyte dysfunction and hyperactive Toll-like receptor signaling. Timely resolution of bacterial infections depends on efficient removal of neutrophils from the inflamed tissue. Here we show that the antiviral cytokine interferon-β is essential for the resolution of neutrophil-driven airway inflammation by countering Toll-like receptor 9–mediated suppression of phagocytosis, neutrophil apoptosis, and uptake by macrophages. We also report that the beneficial effects of interferon-β are, in part, mediated by production of proresolving lipid mediators, such as 15-epi-lipoxin A4 and resolvin D1, which act through the lipoxin receptor ALX/FPR2. These findings uncover an interferon-β–initiated ALX/FPR2-centered resolution program as a potential target for facilitating the resolution of airway inflammation. Aberrant immune responses, including hyperresponsiveness to Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands, underlie acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Type I interferons confer antiviral activities and could also regulate the inflammatory response, whereas little is known about their actions to resolve aberrant inflammation. Here we report that interferon-β (IFN-β) exerts partially overlapping, but also cooperative actions with aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxin A4 (15-epi-LXA4) and 17-epi-resolvin D1 to counter TLR9-generated cues to regulate neutrophil apoptosis and phagocytosis in human neutrophils. In mice, TLR9 activation impairs bacterial clearance, prolongs Escherichia coli–evoked lung injury, and suppresses production of IFN-β and the proresolving lipid mediators 15-epi-LXA4 and resolvin D1 (RvD1) in the lung. Neutralization of endogenous IFN-β delays pulmonary clearance of E. coli and aggravates mucosal injury. Conversely, treatment of mice with IFN-β accelerates clearance of bacteria, restores neutrophil phagocytosis, promotes neutrophil apoptosis and efferocytosis, and accelerates resolution of airway inflammation with concomitant increases in 15-epi-LXA4 and RvD1 production in the lungs. Pharmacological blockade of the lipoxin receptor ALX/FPR2 partially prevents IFN-β–mediated resolution. These findings point to a pivotal role of IFN-β in orchestrating timely resolution of neutrophil and TLR9 activation–driven airway inflammation and uncover an IFN-β–initiated resolution program, activation of an ALX/FPR2-centered, proresolving lipids-mediated circuit, for ARDS.
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3
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Butenko S, Ben Jashar N, Sheffer T, Sabo E, Schif-Zuck S, Ariel A. ACKR2 limits skin fibrosis and hair loss through IFN-β. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21917. [PMID: 34533865 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002395rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation facilitates proper wound healing and limits tissue repair short of exaggerated fibrotic scarring. The atypical chemokine receptor (ACKR)2/D6 scavenges inflammatory chemokines, while IFN-β is a recently unveiled pro-resolving cytokine. Both effector molecules limit acute inflammatory episodes and promote their resolution in various organs. Here, we found fibrotic skin lesions from ACKR2-/- mice presented increased epidermal and dermal thickening, atrophy of the subcutaneous adipose tissue, augmented disorientation of collagen deposition, and enhanced deformation and loss of hair follicles compared to WT counterparts. In addition, affected skin sections from ACKR2-/- mice contained reduced levels of the pro-resolving mediators IFN-β and IL-10, but increased levels of the pro-inflammatory chemokines CCL2 and 3, the pro-fibrotic cytokine TGF-β, and the immune-stimulating cytokine IL-12. Notably, treatment with exogenous IFN-β rescued, at least in part, all the pro-fibrotic outcomes and lesion size in ACKR2-/- mice and promoted expression of the pro-resolving enzyme 12/15-lipoxygenase (LO) in both ACKR2-/- and WT mice. Moreover, Ifnb-/- mice displayed enhanced pro-fibrotic indices upon exposure to bleomycin. These findings suggest ACKR2 is an important mediator in limiting inflammatory skin fibrosis and acts via IFN-β production to promote the resolution of inflammation and minimize tissue scaring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Butenko
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nofar Ben Jashar
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tsofiya Sheffer
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Edmond Sabo
- Institute of Pathology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sagie Schif-Zuck
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Amiram Ariel
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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4
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Kader M, El Andaloussi A, Vorhaour J, Tamama K, Nieto N, Scott MJ, Ismail N. Interferon Type I Regulates Inflammasome Activation and High Mobility Group Box 1 Translocation in Hepatocytes During Ehrlichia-Induced Acute Liver Injury. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:33-51. [PMID: 33437899 PMCID: PMC7789844 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are an important innate immune host defense against intracellular microbial infection. Activation of inflammasomes by microbial or host ligands results in cleavage of caspase-1 (canonical pathway) or caspase-11 (noncanonical pathway), release of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis. Ehrlichia are obligate, intracellular, gram-negative bacteria that lack lipopolysaccharide but cause potentially life-threatening monocytic ehrlichiosis in humans and mice that is characterized by liver injury followed by sepsis and multiorgan failure. Employing murine models of mild and fatal ehrlichiosis caused by infection with mildly and highly virulent Ehrlichia muris (EM) and Ixodes ovatus Ehrlichia (IOE), respectively, we have previously shown that IOE infection triggers type I interferon (IFN-I) response and deleterious caspase-11 activation in liver tissues, which promotes liver injury and sepsis. In this study, we examined the contribution of IFN-I signaling in hepatocytes (HCs) to Ehrlichia-induced liver injury. Compared to EM infection, we found that IOE enter and replicate in vitro cultured primary murine HCs and induce secretion of IFNβ and several chemokines, including regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, and secreted (RANTES), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1), monokine induced by gamma (MIG)/chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP1α), keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Notably, in vitro stimulation of uninfected and Ehrlichia-infected HCs with recombinant IFNβ triggered activation of caspase-1/11, cytosolic translocation of HMGB1, and enhanced autophagy and intracellular bacterial replication. Secretion of HMGB1 by IOE-infected HCs was dependent on caspase-11. Primary HCs from IOE- but not EM-infected mice also expressed active caspase-1/11. Conclusion: HC-specific IFN-I signaling may exacerbate liver pathology during infection with obligate intracellular Ehrlichia by promoting bacterial replication and detrimental caspase-11-mediated inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamuda Kader
- Department of PathologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | | | - Jennie Vorhaour
- Department of PathologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Kenichi Tamama
- Department of PathologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Natalia Nieto
- Department of PathologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA
| | - Melanie J Scott
- Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Nahed Ismail
- Department of PathologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA
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5
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Larson SR, Bortell N, Illies A, Crisler WJ, Matsuda JL, Lenz LL. Myeloid Cell CK2 Regulates Inflammation and Resistance to Bacterial Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:590266. [PMID: 33363536 PMCID: PMC7752951 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.590266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinase activity plays an essential role in the regulation of immune cell defenses against pathogens. The protein kinase CK2 (formerly casein kinase II) is an evolutionarily conserved kinase with hundreds of identified substrates. CK2 is ubiquitously expressed in somatic and immune cells, but the roles of CK2 in regulation of immune cell function remain largely elusive. This reflects the essential role of CK2 in organismal development and limited prior work with conditional CK2 mutant murine models. Here, we generated mice with a conditional (floxed) allele of Csnk2a, which encodes the catalytic CK2α subunit of CK2. When crossed to Lyz2-cre mice, excision of Csnk2a sequence impaired CK2α expression in myeloid cells but failed to detectably alter myeloid cell development. By contrast, deficiency for CK2α increased inflammatory myeloid cell recruitment, activation, and resistance following systemic Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) infection. Results from mixed chimera experiments indicated that CK2α deficiency in only a subset of myeloid cells was not sufficient to reduce bacterial burdens. Nor did cell-intrinsic deficiency for CK2α suffice to alter accumulation or activation of monocytes and neutrophils in infected tissues. These data suggest that CK2α expression by Lyz2-expressing cells promotes inflammatory and anti-bacterial responses through effects in trans. Our results highlight previously undescribed suppressive effects of CK2 activity on inflammatory myeloid cell responses and illustrate that cell-extrinsic effects of CK2 can shape inflammatory and protective innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy R. Larson
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Nikki Bortell
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Alysha Illies
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - William J. Crisler
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jennifer L. Matsuda
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Laurel L. Lenz
- Immunology and Microbiology Department, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, United States
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6
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Rojas Márquez JD, Li T, McCluggage ARR, Tan JMJ, Muise A, Higgins DE, Brumell JH. Cutting Edge: NOX2 NADPH Oxidase Controls Infection by an Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen through Limiting the Type 1 IFN Response. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 206:323-328. [PMID: 33288542 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The NOX2 NADPH oxidase (NOX2) produces reactive oxygen species to kill phagosome-confined bacteria. However, we previously showed that Listeria monocytogenes is able to avoid the NOX2 activity in phagosomes and escape to the cytosol. Thus, despite the established role of NOX2 limiting L. monocytogenes infection in mice, the underlying mechanisms of this antibacterial activity remain unclear. In this article, we report that NOX2 controls systemic L. monocytogenes spread through modulation of the type I IFN response, which is known to be exploited by L. monocytogenes during infection. NOX2 deficiency results in increased expression of IFN-stimulated genes in response to type I IFN and leads to 1) promotion of cell-to-cell spread by L. monocytogenes, 2) defective leukocyte recruitment to infection foci, and 3) production of anti-inflammatory effectors IL-10 and thioredoxin 1. Our findings report a novel antimicrobial role for NOX2 through modulation of type I IFN responses to control bacterial dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taoyingnan Li
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Adam R R McCluggage
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Joel M J Tan
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Aleixo Muise
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,SickKids IBD Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada; and
| | - Darren E Higgins
- Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - John H Brumell
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada; .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada.,SickKids IBD Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada; and
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7
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Mary A, Hénaut L, Schmit JL, Lanoix JP, Brazier M. Therapeutic Options for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - Modulation of Type I Interferon Response as a Promising Strategy? Front Public Health 2020; 8:185. [PMID: 32574289 PMCID: PMC7243823 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Mary
- Clinical Critical Care Pharmacy Department, Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Amiens, France
- UR UPJV 7517, MP3CV, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Lucie Hénaut
- UR UPJV 7517, MP3CV, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Jean-Luc Schmit
- Infectious Diseases Department, Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Amiens, France
- AGIR UR UPJV 4294, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Lanoix
- Infectious Diseases Department, Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Amiens, France
- AGIR UR UPJV 4294, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Michel Brazier
- UR UPJV 7517, MP3CV, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
- Department of Biochemistry, Amiens-Picardie University Hospital, Amiens, France
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8
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Kim BR, Kim BJ, Kook YH, Kim BJ. Mycobacterium abscessus infection leads to enhanced production of type 1 interferon and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in murine macrophages via mitochondrial oxidative stress. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008294. [PMID: 32210476 PMCID: PMC7094820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus (MAB) is a rapidly growing mycobacterium (RGM), and infections with this pathogen have been increasing worldwide. Recently, we reported that rough type (MAB-R) but not smooth type (MAB-S) strains enhanced type 1 interferon (IFN-I) secretion via bacterial phagosome escape, contributing to increased virulence. Here, we sought to investigate the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in bacterial survival, IFN-I secretion and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in MAB-infected murine macrophages. We found that live but not heat-killed (HK) MAB-R strains increased mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) and increased release of oxidized mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytosol of murine macrophages compared to the effects of live MAB-S strains, resulting in enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β and cGAS-STING-dependent IFN-I production. Treatment of the infected macrophages with mtROS-modulating agents such as mito-TEMPO or cyclosporin A reduced cytosolic oxidized mtDNA, which inhibited the MAB-R strain-induced production of IL-1β and IFN-I. The reduced cytosolic oxidized mtDNA also inhibited intracellular growth of MAB-R strains via cytosolic escape following phagosomal rupture and via IFN-I-mediated cell-to-cell spreading. Moreover, our data showed that mtROS-dependent IFN-I production inhibited IL-1β production, further contributing to MAB-R intracellular survival in murine macrophages. In conclusion, our data indicated that MAB-R strains enhanced IFN-I and IL-1β production by inducing mtROS as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP). These events also enhance bacterial survival in macrophages and dampen inflammation, which contribute to the pathogenesis of MAB-R strains. MAB infections have gained increasing attention due to their clinical significance. Mitochondrial oxidative stress regulates intrinsic innate immune responses mainly via IFN-I or IL-1β production, which affects the pathogenesis of several pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. Here, we found that virulent MAB-R but not MAB-S strains induced mtROS in infected macrophages, resulting in enhanced IFN-I and IL-1β production by the release of oxidized mtDNA into the cytosol. Furthermore, increased mtROS exerted a pro-bacterial effect by inducing IFN-I-mediated escape of MAB-R into the cytosol. In MAB-R-infected murine macrophages, mtROS-induced IFN-I also inhibited IL-1β production exerting an antibacterial effect, further contributing to intracellular bacterial survival. Our data indicate that mtROS play an important role in MAB-R pathogenesis by facilitating bacterial survival and dampening inflammation in macrophages as a kind of specific class of PAMP. mtROS may be a valuable target for the treatment of virulent MAB infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biomedical Sciences, Liver Research Institute and Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung-Jun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biomedical Sciences, Liver Research Institute and Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Hoh Kook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biomedical Sciences, Liver Research Institute and Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biomedical Sciences, Liver Research Institute and Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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9
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Shabunin S, Pashentsev A, Klimov N, Morgunova V, Gritsyuk V. Using Biferon-B for the prevention of mastitis in cows. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20201700099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The developed method for the prevention of mastitis in lactating cows by intramuscular injection of Biferon-B at doses of 5.0–10.0–20.0 ml, provided a preventive effect in 25.0–75.0 % of animals; the best effect was achieved with Biferon-B at a dose of 5.0 ml. The use of Biferon-B in clinically healthy lactating animals was accompanied by a decrease in blood levels of stab neutrophils by 58.8–65.0 %, circulating immune complexes by 23.4–62.6 %, with a higher content of segmented neutrophils by 4.8–7.8 %, monocytes by 5.6–57.1 %, lymphocytes by 4.9–12.3 %, total immunoglobulins by 5.7–14.3 %, bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum by 6.4–23.1 % and 4.3–13.7 %, respectively. The phagocytic activity of neutrophils decreased by 5.6–10.9 %. With lower indicators of the intoxication index dropped by 12.8–19.1 %, the content of average molecular peptides by 2.4–22.6 %, nitric oxide by 24.5–45.4 %, MDA by 2.8–36.7 %; catalase activity increased by 2.7–12.8 % and GPx by 10.4–29.7 %.
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10
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Crisler WJ, Eshleman EM, Lenz LL. Ligand-induced IFNGR1 down-regulation calibrates myeloid cell IFNγ responsiveness. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:e201900447. [PMID: 31585982 PMCID: PMC6778285 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The type II IFN (IFNγ) enhances antimicrobial activity yet also drives expression of genes that amplify inflammatory responses. Hence, excessive IFNγ stimulation can be pathogenic. Here, we describe a previously unappreciated mechanism whereby IFNγ itself dampens myeloid cell activation. Staining of monocytes from Listeria monocytogenes-infected mice provided evidence of type I IFN-independent reductions in IFNGR1. IFNγ was subsequently found to reduce surface IFNGR1 on cultured murine myeloid cells and human CD14+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells. IFNγ-driven reductions in IFNGR1 were not explained by ligand-induced receptor internalization. Rather, IFNγ reduced macrophage Ifngr1 transcription by altering chromatin structure at putative Ifngr1 enhancer sites. This is a distinct mechanism from that used by type I IFNs. Ligand-induced reductions in IFNGR1 altered myeloid cell sensitivity to IFNγ, blunting activation of STAT1 and 3. Our data, thus, reveal a mechanism by which IFNGR1 abundance and myeloid cell sensitivity to IFNγ can be modulated in the absence of type I IFNs. Multiple mechanisms, thus, exist to calibrate macrophage IFNGR1 abundance, likely permitting the fine tuning of macrophage activation and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Crisler
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Emily M Eshleman
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Laurel L Lenz
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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11
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Kumaran Satyanarayanan S, El Kebir D, Soboh S, Butenko S, Sekheri M, Saadi J, Peled N, Assi S, Othman A, Schif-Zuck S, Feuermann Y, Barkan D, Sher N, Filep JG, Ariel A. IFN-β is a macrophage-derived effector cytokine facilitating the resolution of bacterial inflammation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3471. [PMID: 31375662 PMCID: PMC6677895 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10903-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The uptake of apoptotic polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) by macrophages is critical for timely resolution of inflammation. High-burden uptake of apoptotic cells is associated with loss of phagocytosis in resolution phase macrophages. Here, using a transcriptomic analysis of macrophage subsets, we show that non-phagocytic resolution phase macrophages express a distinct IFN-β-related gene signature in mice. We also report elevated levels of IFN-β in peritoneal and broncho-alveolar exudates in mice during the resolution of peritonitis and pneumonia, respectively. Elimination of endogenous IFN-β impairs, whereas treatment with exogenous IFN-β enhances, bacterial clearance, PMN apoptosis, efferocytosis and macrophage reprogramming. STAT3 signalling in response to IFN-β promotes apoptosis of human PMNs. Finally, uptake of apoptotic cells promotes loss of phagocytic capacity in macrophages alongside decreased surface expression of efferocytic receptors in vivo. Collectively, these results identify IFN-β produced by resolution phase macrophages as an effector cytokine in resolving bacterial inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Driss El Kebir
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, and Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Soaad Soboh
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Sergei Butenko
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Meriem Sekheri
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, and Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Janan Saadi
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Neta Peled
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Simaan Assi
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Amira Othman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, and Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Sagie Schif-Zuck
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | | | - Dalit Barkan
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Noa Sher
- Tauber Bioinformatics Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - János G Filep
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, and Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada.
| | - Amiram Ariel
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.
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12
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Ansari H, Tahmasebi-Birgani M, Bijanzadeh M, Doosti A, Kargar M. Study of the immunogenicity of outer membrane protein A ( ompA) gene from Acinetobacter baumannii as DNA vaccine candidate in vivo. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:669-675. [PMID: 31231495 PMCID: PMC6570755 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.30799.7427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acinetobacter baumannii is one the most dangerous opportunistic pathogens in hospitalized infections. This bacterium is resistant to 90% of commercial antibiotics. Therefore, developing new strategies to cure A. baumannii-infections is urgent. The DNA vaccines new approach in which the immunogen can be directly expressed inside the target cells through cloning of immunogen into an expression vector. The outer membrane protein A(OmpA) is one the critical factors in pathogenicity of A. baumannii which has been repeatedly described as a powerful immunogen to trigger the immune responses. As the pure form of the OmpA is insoluble, vaccine delivery is very hard. MATERIALS AND METHODS We previously cloned the ompA gene from A. baumannii into the eukaryotic expression vector pBudCE4.1 and observed that the OmpA protein has been considerably expressed in eukaryotic cell model. In current study, the immunogenic potential of pBudCE4.1-ompA has been evaluated in mice model of experimental. The serum levels of IgM, IgG, IL-2, IL-4, IL-12 and INF-γ were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after immunization with ompA-vaccine. The protective efficiency of the designed-DNA vaccine was evaluated following intranasal administration of mice with toxic dose of A. baumannii. RESULTS Obtained data showed the elevated levels of IgM, IgG, IL-2, IL-4, IL-12 and INF-γ in serum following the vaccine administration and mice who immunized with recombinant vector were survived more than control group. CONCLUSION These findings indicate ompA-DNA vaccine is potent to trigger humoral and cellular immunity responses although further experiments are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ansari
- Department of Genetics, Marvdasht branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Departments of Biotechnology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Tahmasebi-Birgani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mahdi Bijanzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abbas Doosti
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kargar
- Department of Microbiology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
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13
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Coya JM, De Matteis L, Giraud-Gatineau A, Biton A, Serrano-Sevilla I, Danckaert A, Dillies MA, Gicquel B, De la Fuente JM, Tailleux L. Tri-mannose grafting of chitosan nanocarriers remodels the macrophage response to bacterial infection. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:15. [PMID: 30683129 PMCID: PMC6346558 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0439-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Infectious diseases are still a leading cause of death and, with the emergence of drug resistance, pose a great threat to human health. New drugs and strategies are thus urgently needed to improve treatment efficacy and limit drug-associated side effects. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems are promising approaches, offering hope in the fight against drug resistant bacteria. However, how nanocarriers influence the response of innate immune cells to bacterial infection is mostly unknown. Results Here, we used Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a model of bacterial infection to examine the impact of mannose functionalization of chitosan nanocarriers (CS-NCs) on the human macrophage response. Both ungrafted and grafted CS-NCs were similarly internalized by macrophages, via an actin cytoskeleton-dependent process. Although tri-mannose ligands did not modify the capacity of CS-NCs to escape lysosomal degradation, they profoundly remodeled the response of M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages. mRNA sequencing showed nearly 900 genes to be differentially expressed due to tri-mannose grafting. Unexpectedly, the set of modulated genes was enriched for pathways involved in cell metabolism, particularly oxidative phosphorylation and sugar metabolism. Conclusions The ability to modulate cell metabolism by grafting ligands at the surface of nanoparticles may thus be a promising strategy to reprogram immune cells and improve the efficacy of encapsulated drugs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12951-018-0439-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura De Matteis
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon, Universidad de Zaragoza and CIBER-BBN, Saragossa, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandre Giraud-Gatineau
- Mycobacterial Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Unit for Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics, CNRS, UMR 3525, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Anne Biton
- Institut Pasteur - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub - C3BI, USR 3756 IP CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Inés Serrano-Sevilla
- CIBER-BBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, and CIBER-BBN, Edificio I+D, Calle Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018, Saragossa, Spain
| | - Anne Danckaert
- UtechS Photonic BioImaging (Imagopole)-Citech, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Dillies
- Institut Pasteur - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub - C3BI, USR 3756 IP CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Jesus M De la Fuente
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, and CIBER-BBN, Edificio I+D, Calle Mariano Esquillor s/n, 50018, Saragossa, Spain.
| | - Ludovic Tailleux
- Mycobacterial Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. .,Unit for Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics, CNRS, UMR 3525, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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14
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Willemsen L, Neele AE, van der Velden S, Prange KHM, den Toom M, van Roomen CPAA, Reiche ME, Griffith GR, Gijbels MJJ, Lutgens E, de Winther MPJ. Peritoneal macrophages have an impaired immune response in obesity which can be reversed by subsequent weight loss. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2019; 7:e000751. [PMID: 31798899 PMCID: PMC6861071 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is recognized as a risk factor for various microbial infections. The immune system, which is affected by obesity, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of these infections and other obesity-related comorbidities. Weight loss is considered the most obvious treatment for obesity. However, multiple studies suggest that the comorbidities of obesity may persist after weight loss. Deregulation of immune cells including adipose tissue macrophages of obese individuals has been extensively studied, but how obesity and subsequent weight loss affect immune cell function outside adipose tissue is not well defined. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Here we investigated the phenotype of non-adipose tissue macrophages by transcriptional characterization of thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages (PM) from mice with diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Subsequently, we defined the characteristics of PMs after weight loss and mimicked a bacterial infection by exposing PMs to lipopolysaccharide. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS In contrast to the proinflammatory phenotype of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity and T2D, we found a deactivated state of PMs in obesity and T2D. Weight loss could reverse this deactivated macrophage phenotype. Anti-inflammatory characteristics of these non-adipose macrophages may explain why patients with obesity and T2D have an impaired immune response against pathogens. Our data also suggest that losing weight restores macrophage function and thus contributes to the reduction of immune-related comorbidities in patients.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
- Diet, High-Fat
- Dietary Fats/pharmacology
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Immunity, Cellular/physiology
- Insulin Resistance/physiology
- Macrophage Activation/drug effects
- Macrophage Activation/physiology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Obesity/complications
- Obesity/immunology
- Obesity/pathology
- Obesity/therapy
- Weight Loss/immunology
- Weight Loss/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Willemsen
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annette E Neele
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Saskia van der Velden
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Koen H M Prange
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Myrthe den Toom
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cindy P A A van Roomen
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Myrthe E Reiche
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guillermo R Griffith
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marion J J Gijbels
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Departments of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
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15
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Liu BC, Sarhan J, Poltorak A. Host-Intrinsic Interferon Status in Infection and Immunity. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:658-668. [PMID: 30060835 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Most genetic ablations of interferon (IFN) signaling abolish both the experimentally induced IFN response and constitutive IFN, whose effects are well established in autoimmunity but understudied during infection. In host-pathogen interactions, most IFN-mediated responses are attributed to infection-driven IFN. However, IFNs confer their activity by regulating networks of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), a process that requires de novo transcription and translation of both IFN and downstream ISGs through feedback of IFN receptor signaling. Due to the temporal requirement for IFN activity, many rapid antimicrobial responses may instead result from pre-established IFN signature stemming from host-intrinsic processes. Addressing the permeating effects of constitutive IFN is therefore needed to accurately describe immunity as host intrinsic or pathogen induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiyun C Liu
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Joseph Sarhan
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University Boston, MA 02111, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Alexander Poltorak
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University Boston, MA 02111, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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16
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Sebina I, Haque A. Effects of type I interferons in malaria. Immunology 2018; 155:176-185. [PMID: 29908067 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines with a wide range of biological activities including anti-viral and immune-regulatory functions. Here, we focus on the protozoan parasitic disease malaria, and examine the effects of type I IFN-signalling during Plasmodium infection of humans and experimental mice. Since the 1960s, there have been many studies in this area, but a simple explanation for the role of type I IFN has not emerged. Although epidemiological data are consistent with roles for type I IFN in influencing malaria disease severity, functional proof of this remains sparse in humans. Several different rodent-infective Plasmodium species have been employed in in vivo studies of parasite-sensing, experimental cerebral malaria, lethal malaria, liver-stage infection, and adaptive T-cell and B-cell immunity. A range of different outcomes in these studies suggests a delicately balanced, multi-faceted and highly complex role for type I IFN-signalling in malaria. This is perhaps unsurprising given the multiple parasite-sensing pathways that can trigger type I IFN production, the multiple isoforms of IFN-α/β that can be produced by both immune and non-immune cells, the differential effects of acute versus chronic type I IFN production, the role of low level 'tonic' type I IFN-signalling, and that signalling can occur via homodimeric IFNAR1 or heterodimeric IFNAR1/2 receptors. Nevertheless, the data indicate that type I IFN-signalling controls parasite numbers during liver-stage infection, and depending on host-parasite genetics, can be either detrimental or beneficial to the host during blood-stage infection. Furthermore, type I IFN can promote cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune pathology and hinder CD4+ T helper cell-dependent immunity during blood-stage infection. Hence, type I IFN-signalling plays highly context-dependent roles in malaria, which can be beneficial or detrimental to the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sebina
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Ashraful Haque
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
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17
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Crisler WJ, Lenz LL. Crosstalk between type I and II interferons in regulation of myeloid cell responses during bacterial infection. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 54:35-41. [PMID: 29886270 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Type I and type II interferons (IFNα/β and IFNγ) are cytokines that play indispensable roles in directing myeloid cell activity during inflammatory and immune responses. Each IFN type binds a distinct receptor (IFNAR or IFNGR) to transduce signals that reshape gene expression and function of myeloid and other cell types. In the context of murine models and human bacterial infections, production of IFNγ generally promotes resistance while production of IFNα/β is associated with increased host susceptibility. Here, we review mechanisms of crosstalk between type I and II IFNs in myeloid cells and their impact on myeloid cell activation and anti-microbial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Crisler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Laurel L Lenz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
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18
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Bösl K, Giambelluca M, Haug M, Bugge M, Espevik T, Kandasamy RK, Bergstrøm B. Coactivation of TLR2 and TLR8 in Primary Human Monocytes Triggers a Distinct Inflammatory Signaling Response. Front Physiol 2018; 9:618. [PMID: 29896111 PMCID: PMC5986927 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune signaling is essential to mount a fast and specific immune response to pathogens. Monocytes and macrophages are essential cells in the early response in their capacity as ubiquitous phagocytic cells. They phagocytose microorganisms or damaged cells and sense pathogen/damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs) through innate receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). We investigated a phenomenon where co-signaling from TLR2 and TLR8 in human primary monocytes provides a distinct immune activation profile compared to signaling from either TLR alone. We compare gene signatures induced by either stimulus alone or together and show that co-signaling results in downstream differences in regulation of signaling and gene transcription. We demonstrate that these differences result in altered cytokine profiles between single and multi-receptor signaling, and show how it can influence both T-cell and neutrophil responses. The end response is tailored to combat extracellular pathogens, possibly by modifying the regulation of IFNβ and IL12-family cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korbinian Bösl
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Miriam Giambelluca
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Markus Haug
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Infection, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit Bugge
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Terje Espevik
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Richard K Kandasamy
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjarte Bergstrøm
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Infection, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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19
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Ferreira-Duarte AP, Pinheiro-Torres AS, Anhê GF, Condino-Neto A, Antunes E, DeSouza IA. MHC Class II Activation and Interferon-γ Mediate the Inhibition of Neutrophils and Eosinophils by Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Type A (SEA). Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:518. [PMID: 29322036 PMCID: PMC5733477 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcal enterotoxins are classified as superantigens that act by linking T-cell receptor with MHC class II molecules, which are expressed on classical antigen-presenting cells (APC). Evidence shows that MHC class II is also expressed in neutrophils and eosinophils. This study aimed to investigate the role of MHC class II and IFN-γ on chemotactic and adhesion properties of neutrophils and eosinophils after incubation with SEA. Bone marrow (BM) cells obtained from BALB/c mice were resuspended in culture medium, and incubated with SEA (3–30 ng/ml; 1–4 h), after which chemotaxis and adhesion were evaluated. Incubation with SEA significantly reduced the chemotactic and adhesive responses in BM neutrophils activated with IL-8 (200 ng/ml). Likewise, SEA significantly reduced the chemotactic and adhesive responses of BM eosinophils activated with eotaxin (300 ng/ml). The inhibitory effects of SEA on cell chemotaxis and adhesion were fully prevented by prior incubation with an anti-MHC class II blocking antibody (2 μg/ml). SEA also significantly reduced the intracellular Ca2+ levels in IL-8- and eotaxin-activated BM cells. No alterations of MAC-1, VLA4, and LFA-1α expressions were observed after SEA incubation. In addition, SEA elevated by 3.5-fold (P < 0.05) the INF-γ levels in BM cells. Incubation of BM leukocytes with IFN-γ (10 ng/ml, 2 h) reduced both neutrophil and eosinophil chemotaxis and adhesion, which were prevented by prior incubation with anti-MHC class II antibody (2 μg/ml). In conclusion, SEA inhibits neutrophil and eosinophil by MHC class II-dependent mechanism, which may be modulated by concomitant release of IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Ferreira-Duarte
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai, Jundiai, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel F Anhê
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Antônio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Antunes
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ivani A DeSouza
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai, Jundiai, Brazil
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20
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Gamage AM, Lee KO, Gan YH. Anti-Cancer Drug HMBA Acts as an Adjuvant during Intracellular Bacterial Infections by Inducing Type I IFN through STING. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:2491-2502. [PMID: 28827286 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The anti-proliferative agent hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) belongs to a class of hybrid bipolar compounds developed more than 30 y ago for their ability to induce terminal differentiation of transformed cells. Recently, HMBA has also been shown to trigger HIV transcription from latently infected cells, via a CDK9/HMBA inducible protein-1 dependent process. However, the effect of HMBA on the immune response has not been explored. We observed that pretreatment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with HMBA led to a markedly increased production of IL-12 and IFN-γ, but not of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 upon subsequent infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei and Salmonella enterica HMBA treatment was also associated with better intracellular bacterial control. HMBA significantly improved IL-12p70 production from CD14+ monocytes during infection partly via the induction of type I IFN in these cells, which primed an increased transcription of the p35 subunit of IL-12p70 during infection. HMBA also increased early type I IFN transcription in human monocytic and epithelial cell lines, but this was surprisingly independent of its previously reported effects on positive transcription elongation factor b and HMBA inducible protein-1. Instead, the effect of HMBA was downstream of a calcium influx, and required the pattern recognition receptor and adaptor STING but not cGAS. Our work therefore links the STING-IRF3 axis to enhanced IL-12 production and intracellular bacterial control in primary monocytes. This raises the possibility that HMBA or related small molecules may be explored as therapeutic adjuvants to improve disease outcomes during intracellular bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshamal Mihiranga Gamage
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; and
| | - Kok-Onn Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Yunn-Hwen Gan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; and
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21
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Molecular cloning, transcriptional profiling, and subcellular localization of signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2) ortholog from rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus. Gene 2017; 626:95-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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22
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Eshleman EM, Delgado C, Kearney SJ, Friedman RS, Lenz LL. Down regulation of macrophage IFNGR1 exacerbates systemic L. monocytogenes infection. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006388. [PMID: 28542482 PMCID: PMC5457163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) target macrophages to regulate inflammation and resistance to microbial infections. The type II IFN (IFNγ) acts on a cell surface receptor (IFNGR) to promote gene expression that enhance macrophage inflammatory and anti-microbial activity. Type I IFNs can dampen macrophage responsiveness to IFNγ and are associated with increased susceptibility to numerous bacterial infections. The precise mechanisms responsible for these effects remain unclear. Type I IFNs silence macrophage ifngr1 transcription and thus reduce cell surface expression of IFNGR1. To test how these events might impact macrophage activation and host resistance during bacterial infection, we developed transgenic mice that express a functional FLAG-tagged IFNGR1 (fGR1) driven by a macrophage-specific promoter. Macrophages from fGR1 mice expressed physiologic levels of cell surface IFNGR1 at steady state and responded equivalently to WT C57Bl/6 macrophages when treated with IFNγ alone. However, fGR1 macrophages retained cell surface IFNGR1 and showed enhanced responsiveness to IFNγ in the presence of type I IFNs. When fGR1 mice were infected with the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes their resistance was significantly increased, despite normal type I and II IFN production. Enhanced resistance was dependent on IFNγ and associated with increased macrophage activation and antimicrobial function. These results argue that down regulation of myeloid cell IFNGR1 is an important mechanism by which type I IFNs suppress inflammatory and anti-bacterial functions of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Eshleman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO United States of America
| | - Christine Delgado
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO United States of America
| | - Staci J. Kearney
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO United States of America
| | - Rachel S. Friedman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO United States of America
| | - Laurel L. Lenz
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO United States of America
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23
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Mourik BC, Lubberts E, de Steenwinkel JEM, Ottenhoff THM, Leenen PJM. Interactions between Type 1 Interferons and the Th17 Response in Tuberculosis: Lessons Learned from Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:294. [PMID: 28424682 PMCID: PMC5380685 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The classical paradigm of tuberculosis (TB) immunity, with a central protective role for Th1 responses and IFN-γ-stimulated cellular responses, has been challenged by unsatisfactory results of vaccine strategies aimed at enhancing Th1 immunity. Moreover, preclinical TB models have shown that increasing IFN-γ responses in the lungs is more damaging to the host than to the pathogen. Type 1 interferon signaling and altered Th17 responses have also been associated with active TB, but their functional roles in TB pathogenesis remain to be established. These two host responses have been studied in more detail in autoimmune diseases (AID) and show functional interactions that are of potential interest in TB immunity. In this review, we first identify the role of type 1 interferons and Th17 immunity in TB, followed by an overview of interactions between these responses observed in systemic AID. We discuss (i) the effects of GM-CSF-secreting Th17.1 cells and type 1 interferons on CCR2+ monocytes; (ii) convergence of IL-17 and type 1 interferon signaling on stimulating B-cell activating factor production and the central role of neutrophils in this process; and (iii) synergy between IL-17 and type 1 interferons in the generation and function of tertiary lymphoid structures and the associated follicular helper T-cell responses. Evaluation of these autoimmune-related pathways in TB pathogenesis provides a new perspective on recent developments in TB research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas C Mourik
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Erik Lubberts
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan E M de Steenwinkel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Pieter J M Leenen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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24
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Type I interferon promotes cell-to-cell spread ofListeria monocytogenes. Cell Microbiol 2016; 19. [DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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25
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Borrelia burgdorferi induces a type I interferon response during early stages of disseminated infection in mice. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:29. [PMID: 26957120 PMCID: PMC4784397 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0644-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lyme borrelia genotypes differ in their capacity to cause disseminated disease. Gene array analysis was employed to profile the host transcriptome induced by Borrelia burgdorferi strains with different capacities for causing disseminated disease in the blood of C3H/HeJ mice during early infection. RESULTS B. burgdorferi B515, a clinical isolate that causes disseminated infection in mice, differentially regulated 236 transcripts (P < 0.05 by ANOVA, with fold change of at least 2). The 216 significantly induced transcripts included interferon (IFN)-responsive genes and genes involved in immunity and inflammation. In contrast, B. burgdorferi B331, a clinical isolate that causes transient skin infection but does not disseminate in C3H/HeJ mice, stimulated changes in only a few genes (1 induced, 4 repressed). Transcriptional regulation of type I IFN and IFN-related genes was measured by quantitative RT-PCR in mouse skin biopsies collected from the site of infection 24 h after inoculation with B. burgdorferi. The mean values for transcripts of Ifnb, Cxcl10, Gbp1, Ifit1, Ifit3, Irf7, Mx1, and Stat2 were found to be significantly increased in B. burgdorferi strain B515-infected mice relative to the control group. In contrast, transcription of these genes was not significantly changed in response to B. burgdorferi strain B331 or B31-4, a mutant that is unable to disseminate. CONCLUSIONS These results establish a positive association between the disseminating capacity of B. burgdorferi and early type I IFN induction in a murine model of Lyme disease.
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Abstract
Salmonella enterica is an intracellular pathogen that causes diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to typhoid fever. Salmonella bacteria trigger an autophagic response in host cells upon infection but have evolved mechanisms for suppressing this response, thereby enhancing intracellular survival. We recently reported that S. enterica serovar Typhimurium actively recruits the host tyrosine kinase focal adhesion kinase (FAK) to the surface of the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) (K. A. Owen et al., PLoS Pathog 10:e1004159, 2014). FAK then suppresses autophagy through activation of the Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway. In FAK−/− macrophages, bacteria are captured in autophagosomes and intracellular survival is attenuated. Here we show that the cell-autonomous bacterial suppression of autophagy also suppresses the broader innate immune response by inhibiting production of beta interferon (IFN-β). Induction of bacterial autophagy (xenophagy), but not autophagy alone, triggers IFN-β production through a pathway involving the adapter TRIF and endosomal Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and TLR4. Selective FAK knockout in macrophages resulted in rapid bacterial clearance from mucosal tissues after oral infection. Clearance correlated with increased IFN-β production by intestinal macrophages and with IFN-β-dependent induction of IFN-γ by intestinal NK cells. Blockade of either IFN-β or IFN-γ increased host susceptibility to infection, whereas experimental induction of IFN-β was protective. Thus, bacterial suppression of autophagy not only enhances cell-autonomous survival but also suppresses more-systemic innate immune responses by limiting type I and type II interferons. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium represents one of the most commonly identified bacterial causes of foodborne illness worldwide. S. Typhimurium has developed numerous strategies to evade detection by the host immune system. Autophagy is a cellular process that involves the recognition and degradation of defective proteins and organelles. More recently, autophagy has been described as an important means by which host cells recognize and eliminate invading intracellular pathogens and plays a key role in the production of cytokines. Previously, we determined that Salmonella bacteria are able to suppress their own autophagic capture and elimination by macrophages. Building on that study, we show here that the inhibition of autophagy by Salmonella also prevents the induction of a protective cytokine response mediated by beta interferon (IFN-β) and IFN-γ. Together, these findings identify a novel virulence strategy whereby Salmonella bacteria prevent cell autonomous elimination via autophagy and suppress the activation of innate immune responses.
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27
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Kimber I, Carrillo JC. Oral exposure to mineral oils: Is there an association with immune perturbation and autoimmunity? Toxicology 2016; 344-346:19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Collins AC, Cai H, Li T, Franco LH, Li XD, Nair VR, Scharn CR, Stamm CE, Levine B, Chen ZJ, Shiloh MU. Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is an Innate Immune DNA Sensor for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Cell Host Microbe 2015; 17:820-8. [PMID: 26048137 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the DNA-dependent cytosolic surveillance pathway in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection stimulates ubiquitin-dependent autophagy and inflammatory cytokine production, and plays an important role in host defense against M. tuberculosis. However, the identity of the host sensor for M. tuberculosis DNA is unknown. Here we show that M. tuberculosis activated cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) in macrophages to produce cGAMP, a second messenger that activates the adaptor protein stimulator of interferon genes (STING) to induce type I interferons and other cytokines. cGAS localized with M. tuberculosis in mouse and human cells and in human tuberculosis lesions. Knockdown or knockout of cGAS in human or mouse macrophages blocked cytokine production and induction of autophagy. Mice deficient in cGAS were more susceptible to lethality caused by infection with M. tuberculosis. These results demonstrate that cGAS is a vital innate immune sensor of M. tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Collins
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA
| | - Haocheng Cai
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
| | - Tuo Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
| | - Luis H Franco
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA; Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
| | - Vidhya R Nair
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA
| | - Caitlyn R Scharn
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA
| | - Chelsea E Stamm
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA
| | - Beth Levine
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA; Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA
| | - Zhijian J Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA.
| | - Michael U Shiloh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9113, USA.
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Abstract
M1 and M2 macrophage-type responses kill or repair in vivo. The unique ability of macrophages to make these polar opposite type of responses provides primary host protection and maintains tissue homeostasis throughout the animal kingdom. In humans and other higher animals, M1 and M2-type macrophage responses also initiate and direct T cells/adaptive immunity to provide additional protection such as Th1 (cytotoxic) or Th2 (antibody-mediated) type responses. Hence, macrophages were renamed M1 and M2 to indicate the central role of macrophages/innate immunity in immune systems. These findings indicate that the long held notion that adaptive immunity controls innate immunity was backward: a sea change in understanding how immune responses occur. The clinical impact of M1/kill and M2/repair responses is immense playing pivotal roles in curing (or causing) many diseases including infections, cancer, autoimmunity, and atherosclerosis. How M1/M2 came to be is an interesting story that, like life, involved Direction, Determination, Discouragement, and Discovery.
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30
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Momose H, Mizukami T, Kuramitsu M, Takizawa K, Masumi A, Araki K, Furuhata K, Yamaguchi K, Hamaguchi I. Establishment of a new quality control and vaccine safety test for influenza vaccines and adjuvants using gene expression profiling. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124392. [PMID: 25909814 PMCID: PMC4409070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified 17 biomarker genes which were upregulated by whole virion influenza vaccines, and reported that gene expression profiles of these biomarker genes had a good correlation with conventional animal safety tests checking body weight and leukocyte counts. In this study, we have shown that conventional animal tests showed varied and no dose-dependent results in serially diluted bulk materials of influenza HA vaccines. In contrast, dose dependency was clearly shown in the expression profiles of biomarker genes, demonstrating higher sensitivity of gene expression analysis than the current animal safety tests of influenza vaccines. The introduction of branched DNA based-concurrent expression analysis could simplify the complexity of multiple gene expression approach, and could shorten the test period from 7 days to 3 days. Furthermore, upregulation of 10 genes, Zbp1, Mx2, Irf7, Lgals9, Ifi47, Tapbp, Timp1, Trafd1, Psmb9, and Tap2, was seen upon virosomal-adjuvanted vaccine treatment, indicating that these biomarkers could be useful for the safety control of virosomal-adjuvanted vaccines. In summary, profiling biomarker gene expression could be a useful, rapid, and highly sensitive method of animal safety testing compared with conventional methods, and could be used to evaluate the safety of various types of influenza vaccines, including adjuvanted vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Momose
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuo Mizukami
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Madoka Kuramitsu
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takizawa
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Masumi
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Araki
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Furuhata
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yamaguchi
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Hamaguchi
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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31
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Sellge G, Kufer TA. PRR-signaling pathways: Learning from microbial tactics. Semin Immunol 2015; 27:75-84. [PMID: 25911384 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of bacterial pathogens by the mammalian host relies on the induction of early innate immune responses initiated by the activation of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) upon sensing of their cognate microbe-associated-patterns (MAMPs). Successful pathogens have evolved to intercept PRR activation and signaling at multiple steps. The molecular dissection of the underlying mechanisms revealed many of the basic mechanisms used by the immune system. Here we provide an overview of the different strategies used by bacterial pathogens and commensals to subvert and reprogram PPR-mediated innate immune responses. A particular attention is given to recent discoveries highlighting novel molecular details of the host inflammatory response in mammalian cells and current advances in our understanding of the interaction of commensals with PRR-mediated responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gernot Sellge
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas A Kufer
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Immunology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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32
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Furuya Y, Ludewick HP, Müllbacher A. Mysteries of type I IFN response: benefits versus detriments. Front Immunol 2015; 6:21. [PMID: 25674090 PMCID: PMC4309204 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Furuya
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College , Albany, NY , USA
| | - Herbert P Ludewick
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College , Albany, NY , USA
| | - Arno Müllbacher
- Department of Immunology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University , Canberra, ACT , Australia
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33
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Tomasello E, Pollet E, Vu Manh TP, Uzé G, Dalod M. Harnessing Mechanistic Knowledge on Beneficial Versus Deleterious IFN-I Effects to Design Innovative Immunotherapies Targeting Cytokine Activity to Specific Cell Types. Front Immunol 2014; 5:526. [PMID: 25400632 PMCID: PMC4214202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-I) were identified over 50 years ago as cytokines critical for host defense against viral infections. IFN-I promote anti-viral defense through two main mechanisms. First, IFN-I directly reinforce or induce de novo in potentially all cells the expression of effector molecules of intrinsic anti-viral immunity. Second, IFN-I orchestrate innate and adaptive anti-viral immunity. However, IFN-I responses can be deleterious for the host in a number of circumstances, including secondary bacterial or fungal infections, several autoimmune diseases, and, paradoxically, certain chronic viral infections. We will review the proposed nature of protective versus deleterious IFN-I responses in selected diseases. Emphasis will be put on the potentially deleterious functions of IFN-I in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, and on the respective roles of IFN-I and IFN-III in promoting resolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We will then discuss how the balance between beneficial versus deleterious IFN-I responses is modulated by several key parameters including (i) the subtypes and dose of IFN-I produced, (ii) the cell types affected by IFN-I, and (iii) the source and timing of IFN-I production. Finally, we will speculate how integration of this knowledge combined with advanced biochemical manipulation of the activity of the cytokines should allow designing innovative immunotherapeutic treatments in patients. Specifically, we will discuss how induction or blockade of specific IFN-I responses in targeted cell types could promote the beneficial functions of IFN-I and/or dampen their deleterious effects, in a manner adapted to each disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tomasello
- UM2, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University , Marseille , France ; U1104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) , Marseille , France ; UMR7280, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) , Marseille , France
| | - Emeline Pollet
- UM2, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University , Marseille , France ; U1104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) , Marseille , France ; UMR7280, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) , Marseille , France
| | - Thien-Phong Vu Manh
- UM2, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University , Marseille , France ; U1104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) , Marseille , France ; UMR7280, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) , Marseille , France
| | - Gilles Uzé
- UMR 5235, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Montpellier II , Montpellier , France
| | - Marc Dalod
- UM2, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University , Marseille , France ; U1104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) , Marseille , France ; UMR7280, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) , Marseille , France
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