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El-Howati A, Thornhill MH, Colley HE, Murdoch C. Immune mechanisms in oral lichen planus. Oral Dis 2022; 29:1400-1415. [PMID: 35092132 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa that has been extensively researched over many years but as yet the mechanisms of pathogenesis are still not fully understood. Whilst the specific etiologic factors driving OLP remain ambiguous, evidence points to the development of a chronic, dysregulated immune response to OLP-mediating antigens presented by innate immune cells and oral keratinocytes leading to increased cytokine, chemokine and adhesion molecule expression. These molecules recruit T-cells and mast cells to the diseased site and orchestrate a complex interplay between cells that culminates in keratinocyte cell death, mucosal basement membrane destruction and long-term chronicity of the disease. The main lymphocytes involved are thought to be CD8+ cytotoxic and CD4+ Th1 polarised T-cells although recent evidence indicates the involvement of other Th subsets such as Th9, Th17 and Tregs, suggesting that a more complex immune cell relationship exists during the disease process. This review provides an overview of the immune mechanisms at play in OLP pathogenesis with particular emphasis on the role of the different Th subsets and how these recent discoveries may guide research toward identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma El-Howati
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Martin H Thornhill
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Helen E Colley
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Murdoch
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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2
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Zhou W, Wang X, Chang J, Cheng C, Miao C. The molecular structure and biological functions of RNA methylation, with special emphasis on the roles of RNA methylation in autoimmune diseases. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2021; 59:203-218. [PMID: 34775884 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2021.2002256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and systemic vasculitis are caused by the body's immune response to autoantigens. The pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is complex. RNA methylation is known to play a key role in disease progression as it regulates almost all aspects of RNA processing, including RNA nuclear export, translation, splicing, and noncoding RNA processing. This review summarizes the mechanisms, molecular structures of RNA methylations and their roles in biological functions. Similar to the roles of RNA methylation in cancers, RNA methylation in RA and SLE involves "writers" that deposit methyl groups to form N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and 5-methylcytosine (m5C), "erasers" that remove these modifications, and "readers" that further affect mRNA splicing, export, translation, and degradation. Recent advances in detection methods have identified N1-methyladenosine (m1A), N6,2-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), and 7-methylguanosine (m7G) RNA modifications, and their roles in RA and SLE need to be further studied. The relationship between RNA methylation and other autoimmune diseases has not been reported, and the roles and mechanisms of RNA modifications in these diseases need to be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenglong Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenggui Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Prevention and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Pharmacy, School of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Fengyang, Anhui Province, China
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3
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Leijten EF, van Kempen TS, Olde Nordkamp MA, Pouw JN, Kleinrensink NJ, Vincken NL, Mertens J, Balak DMW, Verhagen FH, Hartgring SA, Lubberts E, Tekstra J, Pandit A, Radstake TR, Boes M. Tissue-Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells From Skin Differentiate Psoriatic Arthritis From Psoriasis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:1220-1232. [PMID: 33452865 PMCID: PMC8362143 DOI: 10.1002/art.41652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare immune cell phenotype and function in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) versus psoriasis in order to better understand the pathogenesis of PsA. METHODS In-depth immunophenotyping of different T cell and dendritic cell subsets was performed in patients with PsA, psoriasis, or axial spondyloarthritis and healthy controls. Subsequently, we analyzed cells from peripheral blood, synovial fluid (SF), and skin biopsy specimens using flow cytometry, along with high-throughput transcriptome analyses and functional assays on the specific cell populations that appeared to differentiate PsA from psoriasis. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, the peripheral blood of patients with PsA was characterized by an increase in regulatory CD4+ T cells and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and IL-22 coproducing CD8+ T cells. One population specifically differentiated PsA from psoriasis: i.e., CD8+CCR10+ T cells were enriched in PsA. CD8+CCR10+ T cells expressed high levels of DNAX accessory molecule 1 and were effector memory cells that coexpressed skin-homing receptors CCR4 and cutaneous lymphocyte antigen. CD8+CCR10+ T cells were detected under inflammatory and homeostatic conditions in skin, but were not enriched in SF. Gene profiling further revealed that CD8+CCR10+ T cells expressed GATA3, FOXP3, and core transcriptional signature of tissue-resident memory T cells, including CD103. Specific genes, including RORC, IFNAR1, and ERAP1, were up-regulated in PsA compared to psoriasis. CD8+CCR10+ T cells were endowed with a Tc2/22-like cytokine profile, lacked cytotoxic potential, and displayed overall regulatory function. CONCLUSION Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells derived from the skin are enhanced in the circulation of patients with PsA compared to patients with psoriasis alone. This may indicate that aberrances in cutaneous tissue homeostasis contribute to arthritis development.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aminopeptidases/genetics
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/genetics
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/immunology
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/pathology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Female
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- GATA3 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Gene Expression Profiling
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
- Humans
- Immunologic Memory/immunology
- Immunophenotyping
- Integrin alpha Chains/genetics
- Interleukin-17/immunology
- Interleukins/immunology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Minor Histocompatibility Antigens/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/genetics
- Oligosaccharides/metabolism
- Psoriasis/genetics
- Psoriasis/immunology
- Psoriasis/pathology
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, CCR10/metabolism
- Receptors, CCR4/metabolism
- Sialyl Lewis X Antigen/analogs & derivatives
- Sialyl Lewis X Antigen/metabolism
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/pathology
- Spondylarthropathies/genetics
- Spondylarthropathies/immunology
- Spondylarthropathies/pathology
- Synovial Fluid/cytology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Interleukin-22
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jorre Mertens
- University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Erik Lubberts
- Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Marianne Boes
- University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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4
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Tomić S, Petrović A, Puač N, Škoro N, Bekić M, Petrović ZL, Čolić M. Plasma-Activated Medium Potentiates the Immunogenicity of Tumor Cell Lysates for Dendritic Cell-Based Cancer Vaccines. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1626. [PMID: 33915703 PMCID: PMC8037863 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous dendritic cells (DCs)-based vaccines are considered quite promising for cancer immunotherapy due to their exquisite potential to induce tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells. However, a lack of efficient protocols for inducing immunogenic tumor antigens limits the efficacy of DC-based cancer vaccines. Here, we found that a plasma-activated medium (PAM) induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells but not in an immortalized L929 cell line or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PAM induced an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis in a concentration-dependent manner. The tumor lysates prepared after PAM treatment displayed increased immunogenicity in a model of human monocyte-derived DCs, compared to the lysates prepared by a standard freezing/thawing method. Mature DCs loaded with PAM lysates showed an increased maturation potential, as estimated by their increased expression of CD83, CD86, CD40, IL-12/IL-10 production, and attenuated PDL1 and ILT-4 expression, compared to the DCs treated with control tumor lysates. Moreover, in co-culture with allogeneic T cells, DCs loaded with PAM-lysates increased the proportion of cytotoxic IFN-γ+ granzyme A+ CD8+ T cells and IL-17A-producing T cells and preserved the Th1 response. In contrast, control tumor lysates-treated DCs increased the frequency of Th2 (CD4+IL-4+), CD4, and CD8 regulatory T cell subtypes, none of which was observed with DCs loaded with PAM-lysates. Cumulatively, these results suggest that the novel method for preparing immunogenic tumor lysates with PAM could be suitable for improved DC-based immunotherapy of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Tomić
- Department for Immunology and Immunoparasitology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.B.); (M.Č.)
| | - Anđelija Petrović
- Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (N.Š.)
| | - Nevena Puač
- Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (N.Š.)
| | - Nikola Škoro
- Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (N.Š.)
| | - Marina Bekić
- Department for Immunology and Immunoparasitology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.B.); (M.Č.)
| | - Zoran Lj. Petrović
- Serbian Academy for Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Co. Antrim BT37 0QB, UK
| | - Miodrag Čolić
- Department for Immunology and Immunoparasitology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.B.); (M.Č.)
- Serbian Academy for Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Medical Faculty Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73 300 Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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5
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Singh L, Muise ES, Bhattacharya A, Grein J, Javaid S, Stivers P, Zhang J, Qu Y, Joyce-Shaikh B, Loboda A, Zhang C, Meehl M, Chiang DY, Ranganath SH, Rosenzweig M, Brandish PE. ILT3 (LILRB4) Promotes the Immunosuppressive Function of Tumor-Educated Human Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:702-716. [PMID: 33372059 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are immature myeloid cells that accumulate in the tumor microenvironment (TME). MDSCs have been shown to dampen antitumor immune responses and promote tumor growth; however, the mechanisms of MDSC induction and their role in promoting immune suppression in cancer remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized the phenotype and function of monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSC) generated by coculture of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with SK-MEL-5 cancer cells in vitro. We selected the SK-MEL-5 human melanoma cell line to generate M-MDSCs because these cells form subcutaneous tumors rich in myeloid cells in humanized mice. M-MDSCs generated via SK-MEL-5 coculture expressed low levels of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, high levels of CD33 and CD11b, and suppressed both CD8+ T-cell proliferation and IFNγ secretion. M-MDSCs also expressed higher levels of immunoglobulin-like transcript 3 (ILT3, also known as LILRB4) and immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT4, also known as LILRB2) on the cell surface compared with monocytes. Therefore, we investigated how ILT3 targeting could modulate M-MDSC cell function. Treatment with an anti-ILT3 antibody impaired the acquisition of the M-MDSC suppressor phenotype and reduced the capacity of M-MDSCs to cause T-cell suppression. Finally, in combination with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1), ILT3 blockade enhanced T-cell activation as assessed by IFNγ secretion. IMPLICATIONS: These results suggest that ILT3 expressed on M-MDSCs has a role in inducing immunosuppression in cancer and that antagonism of ILT3 may be useful to reverse the immunosuppressive function of M-MDSCs and enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latika Singh
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Eric S Muise
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jeff Grein
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Sarah Javaid
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Stivers
- Discovery Oncology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jun Zhang
- Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yujie Qu
- Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Andrey Loboda
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chunsheng Zhang
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Meehl
- Biologics Discovery, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Derek Y Chiang
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
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6
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Xu Z, Lin CC, Ho S, Vlad G, Suciu-Foca N. Suppression of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by ILT3.Fc. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 206:554-565. [PMID: 33361206 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the CNS that is characterized by demyelination, axonal loss, gliosis, and inflammation. The murine model of MS is the experimental autoimmune encephalopathy (EAE) induced by immunization of mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35-55 Ig-like transcript 3 (ILT3) is an inhibitory cell surface receptor expressed by tolerogenic human dendritic cells. In this study, we show that the recombinant human ILT3.Fc protein binds to murine immune cells and inhibits the release of proinflammatory cytokines that cause the neuroinflammatory process that result in paralysis. Administration of ILT3.Fc prevents the rapid evolution of the disease in C57BL/6 mice and is associated with a profound reduction of proliferation of MOG35-55-specific Th1 and Th17 cells. Inhibition of IFN-γ and IL-17A in mice treated with ILT3.Fc is associated with delayed time of onset of the disease and its evolution to a peak clinical score. Neuropathological analysis shows a reduction in inflammatory infiltrates and demyelinated areas in the brains and spinal cords of treated mice. These results indicate that inhibition of Th1 and Th17 development provides effective suppression of EAE and suggests the feasibility of a clinical approach based on the use of ILT3.Fc for treatment of MS. Furthermore, our results open the way to further studies on the effect of the human ILT3.Fc protein in murine experimental models of autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xu
- Division of Immunogenetics and Cellular Immunology, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032; and
| | - Chun-Chieh Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Sophey Ho
- Division of Immunogenetics and Cellular Immunology, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032; and
| | - George Vlad
- Division of Immunogenetics and Cellular Immunology, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032; and
| | - Nicole Suciu-Foca
- Division of Immunogenetics and Cellular Immunology, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032; and
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7
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Liu J, Wu Q, Shi J, Guo W, Jiang X, Zhou B, Ren C. LILRB4, from the immune system to the disease target. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:3149-3166. [PMID: 32774691 PMCID: PMC7407714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptor B4 (LILRB4) is a member of leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILRs), which associate with membrane adaptors to signal through multiple cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs). Under physiological conditions, LILRB4 plays a very important role in the function of the immune system through its expression on various immune cells, such as T cells and plasma cells. Under pathological conditions, LILRB4 affects the processes of various diseases, such as the transformation and infiltration of tumors and leukemias, through various signaling pathways. Differential expression of LILRB4 is present in a variety of immune system diseases, such as Kawasaki disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and sepsis. Recent studies have shown that LILRB4 also plays a role in mental illness. The important role of LILRB4 in the immune system and its differential expression in a variety of diseases make LILRB4 a potential prophylactic and therapeutic target for a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qiwen Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Bolun Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
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8
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Relapse-Free Survival and PD-L1 Expression in First High- and Low-Grade Relapsed Luminal, Basal and Double-Negative P53-Mutant Non-Muscular Invasive Bladder Cancer Depending on Previous Chemo- and Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051316. [PMID: 32455829 PMCID: PMC7281187 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to assess how PD-L1 expression in tissue specimens of patients with main molecular subtypes of NMIBC (luminal, basal and double-negative p53-mutant) associates with relapsed-free survival in dependence on the tumor grade and prior treatment of primary bladder cancer. PD-L1 expressions on the membrane of neoplastic and CD8+ immune cells were assessed in tumor specimens (n = 240) of primary and relapsed luminal, basal and double-negative p53-mutant NMIBC. Association between relapse-free survival and PD-L1 expression was estimated for high- and low-grade relapsed NMIBC according to previous treatment and their molecular profile, using the Kaplan-Meier method, and assessed by using the log-rank test. Potential confounders were adjusted by Cox regression models. In a group of patients who underwent only TUR without intravesical therapy, there were significant differences in relapse time between high- and low-grade tumors in basal and luminal molecular subtypes; for basal relapsed carcinoma, RFS was shorter in cases where tumors were less malignant. Both intravesical mitomycin and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy significantly extended the time of recurrence of low-grade luminal and basal bladder malignancies with no intergroup differences in double-negative NMIBC. PD-L1 expression status was associated with RFS for luminal relapsed NMIBCs in the group without previous frontline intervention, and with RFS in the group of patients with luminal relapsed bladder cancer previously utilized BCG. Obtained results may be considered as a promising approach for further clinical implementation.
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9
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Figueredo CM, Lira-Junior R, Love RM. T and B Cells in Periodontal Disease: New Functions in A Complex Scenario. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163949. [PMID: 31416146 PMCID: PMC6720661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is characterised by a dense inflammatory infiltrate in the connective tissue. When the resolution is not achieved, the activation of T and B cells is crucial in controlling chronic inflammation through constitutive cytokine secretion and modulation of osteoclastogenesis. The present narrative review aims to overview the recent findings of the importance of T and B cell subsets, as well as their cytokine expression, in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease. T regulatory (Treg), CD8+ T, and tissue-resident γδ T cells are important to the maintenance of gingival homeostasis. In inflamed gingiva, however, the secretion of IL-17 and secreted osteoclastogenic factor of activated T cells (SOFAT) by activated T cells is crucial to induce osteoclastogenesis via RANKL activation. Moreover, the capacity of mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells) to produce cytokines, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17, might indicate a critical role of such cells in the disease pathogenesis. Regarding B cells, low levels of memory B cells in clinically healthy periodontium seem to be important to avoid bone loss due to the subclinical inflammation that occurs. On the other hand, they can exacerbate alveolar bone loss in a receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-dependent manner and affect the severity of periodontitis. In conclusion, several new functions have been discovered and added to the complex knowledge about T and B cells, such as possible new functions for Tregs, the role of SOFAT, and MAIT cells, as well as B cells activating RANKL. The activation of distinct T and B cell subtypes is decisive in defining whether the inflammatory lesion will stabilise as chronic gingivitis or will progress to a tissue destructive periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Figueredo
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia.
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - R Lira-Junior
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 04 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R M Love
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia
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10
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Abstract
Although cluster of differentiation (CD)8 regulatory T (Treg) cells have been in the last 20 years more studied since evidences of their role in tolerance as been demonstrated in transplantation, autoimmune diseases and cancer, their characteristics are still controversial. In this review, we will focus on recent advances on CD8 Treg cells and description of a role for CD8 Treg cells in tolerance in both solid organ transplantation and graft-versus-host disease and their potential for clinical trials.
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11
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Tomić S, Joksimović B, Bekić M, Vasiljević M, Milanović M, Čolić M, Vučević D. Prostaglanin-E2 Potentiates the Suppressive Functions of Human Mononuclear Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Increases Their Capacity to Expand IL-10-Producing Regulatory T Cell Subsets. Front Immunol 2019; 10:475. [PMID: 30936876 PMCID: PMC6431635 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) emerged as major factors driving the tumor progression due to numerous immunosuppressive mechanisms they possess. Prostaglandin (PG)E2 is shown critical for the induction of MDSC and their suppressive functions in vivo, but it is poorly understood how it affects the capacity of MDSC to induce different subsets of regulatory T cells (Treg). By using a novel protocol for the generation of mononuclear (M)-MDSC, we showed that PGE2 potentiates the GM-CSF/IL-6-dependent induction of CD33+CD11b+HLA-DR−CD14+ M-MDSC in vitro. PGE2 diminished the capacity of GM-CSF/IL-6 M-MDSC to produce proinflammatory cytokines upon activation and augmented their capacity to produce IL-27, IL-33, and TGF-β. These results correlated with an increased potential of GM-CSF/IL-6/PGE2 M-MDSC to suppress T cell proliferation, expand alloreactive Th2 cells, and reduce the development of alloreactive Th17 and cytotoxic T cells. Interestingly, GM-CSF/IL-6/PGE2 M-MDSC displayed a lower capacity to induce TGF-β-producing FoxP3+ regulatory Treg compared to GM-CSF/IL-6 M-MDSC, as a consequence of reduced IDO-1 expression. In contrast, GM-CSF/IL-6/PGE2 M-MDSC potentiated IL-10 production by CD8+T, Th2, and particularly CD4+FoxP3− type 1 Treg, the latter of which depended on ILT3 and ILT4 expression. Cumulatively, PGE2 potentiated the suppressive phenotype and functions of GM-CSF/IL-6-induced M-MDSC and changed the mechanisms involved in Treg induction, which could be important for investigating new therapeutic strategies focused on MDSC-related effects in tumors and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Tomić
- Department for Immunology and Immunoparasitology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Joksimović
- Medical Faculty Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Lukavica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Marina Bekić
- Department for Immunology and Immunoparasitology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš Vasiljević
- Medical Faculty Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Lukavica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Marijana Milanović
- Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miodrag Čolić
- Department for Immunology and Immunoparasitology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Medical Faculty Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Lukavica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dragana Vučević
- Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense in Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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12
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CD8 + Foxp3 + T Cells Affect Alveolar Bone Homeostasis via Modulating Tregs/Th17 During Induced Periodontitis: an Adoptive Transfer Experiment. Inflammation 2019; 41:1791-1803. [PMID: 29951876 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a dysbiotic bacteria-mediated disease characterized by periodontal inflammations and alveolar bone damage. Its mechanisms were complicated, involving an inflammation-mediated bone destruction. We sought to determine roles and rules that CD8+ regulatory T cells (CD8+ Tregs) affect alveolar bone homeostasis during periodontitis. Presence of CD8+ Tregs in the gingiva, cervical lymph nodes (CLNs), and spleens of healthy or periodontitis animals was analyzed. CD8+ regulatory T cells from periodontitis animals were sorted by magnetic-activated cell sorting and fluorescent-activated cell sorting technique, subsequently injected into recipient animals to set adoptive transfer model. We induced experimental periodontitis on transfer models and equal number healthy animals. Four weeks later, their alveolar bone loss and osteoclast coverage length were measured. We also detected CD8+ Tregs, CD4+ T cell, CD4+ Tregs, Th17 cell, and IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, RANKL, TGF-β expression in the gingiva, CLNs, and spleen to illustrate possible working mechanism of CD8+ regulatory T cells. Periodontitis does not induce significant change on proportion or amount of CD8+ Tregs. Adoptive transfer of CD8+ Tregs reduces alveolar bone destruction and osteoclast formation. In addition, experimental periodontitis increases percentage of Th17 cells and decreases CD4+ Tregs in the gingiva and CLNs. More IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and RANKL, and less IL-10 and TGF-β are also detected in the gingiva and CLNs from animals with periodontitis than the one from healthy animals. Adoptive transfer of CD8+ regulatory T cells remedies all above pathological change effectively. We did not find any significant difference in spleen, regardless group and detected items. Outcomes of present study clarify function that CD8+ regulatory T cells affect alveolar bone homeostasis, and disclose its possible working mechanisms. CD8+ regulatory T cells protect alveolar bone via reducing osteoclastogenesis and modulating local immune response.
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13
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Machicote A, Belén S, Baz P, Billordo LA, Fainboim L. Human CD8 +HLA-DR + Regulatory T Cells, Similarly to Classical CD4 +Foxp3 + Cells, Suppress Immune Responses via PD-1/PD-L1 Axis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2788. [PMID: 30555473 PMCID: PMC6281883 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified a human CD8+HLA-DR+ regulatory T cell subset with the ability to suppress proliferation of autologous PBMCs responder cells through cell contact and CTLA-4 co-inhibitory molecule. The present study characterizes the complete phenotype of CD8+HLA-DR+ Treg cells which showed great similarities with classical CD4+ cells expressing forkhead box P3 (FOXP3). The shared features included the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), C-C chemokine receptor type 4 and 5 (CCR4 and CCR5), low expression of CD127, and a memory and effector-like phenotype. CD8+HLA-DR+ Treg-induced suppression on CD8+ responder T cells was abrogated by an anti-PD1 neutralizing antibody. Anti-PD-1 did not abrogate the suppressor effect induced on responder CD4+ T cells. In addition, CD8+HLA-DR+ Treg induced a preferential death on responder CD8+ T cells. This effect was not reversed by PD-1 neutralization. After activation, most CD8+HLA-DR+ Treg acquire programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Interestingly, PD-L1 may induce apoptosis through CD80 expressed on activated CD8+ responder T cells. After PBMCs stimulation, CD8+HLA-DR+ Treg cells showed an increased frequency of IFN-γ and TNFα positive cells and higher degranulation. These data strongly argue against CD8+HLA-DR+ Treg being exhausted cells. Overall, the data presented in this study indicate that CD8+HLA-DR+ Treg and CD4+FOXP3+ Treg share phenotypic and functional features, which may provide cues to similar involvements in the control of antitumor immune responses and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Machicote
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago Belén
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Placida Baz
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis A Billordo
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Fainboim
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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14
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Tomić S, Ilić N, Kokol V, Gruden-Movsesijan A, Mihajlović D, Bekić M, Sofronić-Milosavljević L, Čolić M, Vučević D. Functionalization-dependent effects of cellulose nanofibrils on tolerogenic mechanisms of human dendritic cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:6941-6960. [PMID: 30464452 PMCID: PMC6217907 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s183510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) are attractive nanomaterials for various biomedical applications due to their excellent biocompatibility and biomimetic properties. However, their immunoregulatory properties are insufficiently investigated, especially in relation to their functionalization, which could cause problems during their clinical application. Methods Using a model of human dendritic cells (DC), which have a central role in the regulation of immune response, we investigated how differentially functionalized CNF, ie, native (n) CNF, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl radical-oxidized (c) CNF, and 3-aminopropylphosphoric acid-functionalized (APAc) CNF, affect DC properties, their viability, morphology, differentiation and maturation potential, and the capacity to regulate T cell-mediated immune response. Results Nontoxic doses of APAcCNF displayed the strongest inhibitory effects on DC differentiation, maturation, and T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 polarization capacity, followed by cCNF and nCNF, respectively. These results correlated with a specific pattern of regulatory cytokines production by APAcCNF-DC and their increased capacity to induce suppressive CD8+CD25+IL-10+ regulatory T cells in immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)-3- and ILT-4- dependent manner. In contrast, nCNF-DC induced predominantly suppressive CD4+CD25hiFoxP3hi regulatory T cells in indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1-dependent manner. Different tolerogenic properties of CNF correlated with their size and APA functionalization, as well as with different expression of CD209 and actin bundles at the place of contact with CNF. Conclusion The capacity to induce different types of DC-mediated tolerogenic immune responses by functionalized CNF opens new perspectives for their application as well-tolerated nanomaterials in tissue engineering and novel platforms for the therapy of inflammatory T cell-mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Tomić
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, .,Institute for Medical Research, Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | - Nataša Ilić
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | - Vanja Kokol
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | | | - Dušan Mihajlović
- Institute for Medical Research, Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | - Marina Bekić
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia,
| | | | - Miodrag Čolić
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, .,Institute for Medical Research, Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, Belgrade, Serbia, .,Medical Faculty Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dragana Vučević
- Institute for Medical Research, Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, Belgrade, Serbia,
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15
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Young JS, Yin D, Vannier AGL, Alegre ML, Chong AS. Equal Expansion of Endogenous Transplant-Specific Regulatory T Cell and Recruitment Into the Allograft During Rejection and Tolerance. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1385. [PMID: 29973932 PMCID: PMC6020780 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous advances in the definition of a role for regulatory T cells (Tregs) in facilitating experimental transplantation tolerance, and ongoing clinical trials for Treg-based therapies, critical issues related to the optimum dosage, antigen-specificity, and Treg-friendly adjunct immunosuppressants remain incompletely resolved. In this study, we used a tractable approach of MHC tetramers and flow cytometry to define the fate of conventional (Tconvs) and Tregs CD4+ T cells that recognize donor 2W antigens presented by I-Ab on donor and recipient antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in a mouse cardiac allograft transplant model. Our study shows that these endogenous, donor-reactive Tregs comparably accumulate in the spleens of recipients undergoing acute rejection or exhibiting costimulation blockade-induced tolerance. Importantly, this expansion was not detected when analyzing bulk splenic Tregs. Systemically, the distinguishing feature between tolerance and rejection was the inhibition of donor-reactive conventional T cell (Tconv) expansion in tolerance, translating into increased percentages of splenic FoxP3+ Tregs within the 2W:I-Ab CD4+ T cell subset compared to rejection (~35 vs. <5% in tolerance vs. rejection). We further observed that continuous administration of rapamycin, cyclosporine A, or CTLA4-Ig did not facilitate donor-specific Treg expansion, while all three drugs inhibited Tconv expansion. Finally, donor-specific Tregs accumulated comparably in rejecting tolerant allografts, whereas tolerant grafts harbored <10% of the donor-specific Tconv numbers observed in rejecting allografts. Thus, ~80% of 2W:I-Ab CD4+ T cells in tolerant allografts expressed FoxP3+ compared to ≤10% in rejecting allografts. A similar, albeit lesser, enrichment was observed with bulk graft-infiltrating CD4+ cells, where ~30% were FoxP3+ in tolerant allografts, compared to ≤10% in rejecting allografts. Finally, we assessed that the phenotype of 2W:I-Ab Tregs and observed that the percentages of cells expressing neuropilin-1 and CD73 were significantly higher in tolerance compared to rejection, suggesting that these Tregs may be functionally distinct. Collectively, the analysis of donor-reactive, but not of bulk, Tconvs and Tregs reveal a systemic signature of tolerance that is stable and congruent with the signature within tolerant allografts. Our data also underscore the importance of limiting Tconv expansion for high donor-specific Tregs:Tconv ratios to be successfully attained in transplantation tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Young
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dengping Yin
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Maria-Luisa Alegre
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anita S Chong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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16
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Yu Y, Ma X, Gong R, Zhu J, Wei L, Yao J. Recent advances in CD8 + regulatory T cell research. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8187-8194. [PMID: 29805553 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Various subgroups of CD8+ T lymphocytes do not only demonstrate cytotoxic effects, but also serve important regulatory roles in the body's immune response. In particular, CD8+ regulatory T cells (CD8+ Tregs), which possess important immunosuppressive functions, are able to effectively block the overreacting immune response and maintain the body's immune homeostasis. In recent years, studies have identified a small set of special CD8+ Tregs that can recognize major histocompatibility complex class Ib molecules, more specifically Qa-1 in mice and HLA-E in humans, and target the self-reactive CD4+ T ce lls. These findings have generated broad implications in the scientific community and attracted general interest to CD8+ Tregs. The present study reviews the recent research progress on CD8+ Tregs, including their origin, functional classification, molecular markers and underlying mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Yu
- Department of Medical School, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, P.R. China
| | - Xinbo Ma
- Department of Medical School, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, P.R. China
| | - Rufei Gong
- Department of Medical School, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, P.R. China
| | - Jianmeng Zhu
- Department of Chunan First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Wei
- Department of Medical School, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, P.R. China
| | - Jinguang Yao
- Department of Medical School, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, P.R. China
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17
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Kurmyshkina OV, Kovchur PI, Schegoleva LV, Volkova TO. T- and NK-cell populations with regulatory phenotype and markers of apoptosis in circulating lymphocytes of patients with CIN3 or microcarcinoma of the cervix: evidence for potential mechanisms of immune suppression. Infect Agent Cancer 2017; 12:56. [PMID: 29075318 PMCID: PMC5646147 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-017-0166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Processes and mechanisms responsible for systemic immune suppression in early-stage cervical cancer remain substantially underinvestigated. In this work, we focused on studying the frequencies of circulating regulatory T (CD4 and CD8 Tregs) and NK (NKregs) cells in parallel with assessment of apoptotic markers expression in T cells from patients with preinvasive and microinvasive cervical cancer, with the aim to determine whether up-regulation of apoptosis-associated markers in Т lymphocytes accompanies cervical cancer development and correlates with the change in percentages of regulatory cell populations at systemic level during the initial stages of invasive cervical cancer progression. METHODS Fourty two women with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3, including carcinoma in situ) or cervical cancer (stage IA) and 30 healthy women (control) were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood samples were taken immediately before surgery or any treatment and immediately subjected to multicolor flow cytometry. RESULTS Analysis of a combination of CD4/CD8, CD25, CD127, and FoxP3 markers revealed a statistically significant increase in the frequencies of Tregs within both the CD4 and CD8 subsets of circulating lymphocytes in patients with CIN3 and stage IA cancer. In contrast, lower numbers of NKregs (defined as CD16dim/negCD56bright subpopulation) and increased CD56dim/CD56bright NK ratio were found in patients compared to controls, with the percentage of CD16brightCD56dim cells (major subtype of circulating NKs) showing no difference. Patients also exhibited an increased expression of CD95 in total peripheral blood T lymphocytes, along with increased level of Annexin V binding to CD95-positive cells, suggesting higher susceptibility of T cells to apoptosis and potential involvement of CD95-dependent pathway in early-stage cervical cancer. Differential analysis of CD4 and CD8 T cells revealed different trends in the change of CD95 expression, confirming that this change likely has different functional significance for these two subsets. A search for correlations between the phenotypic parameters analyzed in this study was performed to demonstrate that women with early neoplastic lesions of the cervix, such as carcinoma in situ and microinvasive carcinoma, displayed a coordinated increase in expression of Treg markers in circulating lymphocytes, along with more pronounced cross-relationships between Treg numbers, CD95 expression on T cells, and apoptosis, compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that a diversity of immune regulatory mechanisms that provide support for initial stages of invasive growth in cervical cancer patients includes systemic changes in the ratios between the principal regulatory and effector lymphocyte populations both within adaptive and innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Kurmyshkina
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Innate Immunity, Institute of High-Tech Biomedicine, Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel I Kovchur
- Department of Hospital Surgery, ENT Diseases, Ophthalmology, Dentistry, Oncology, Urology, Institute of Medicine, Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
| | - Ludmila V Schegoleva
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Cybernetics, Institute of Mathematics and Information Technologies, Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana O Volkova
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Immunology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Medicine, Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation.,Institute of High-Tech Biomedicine, Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
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18
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Apert C, Romagnoli P, van Meerwijk JPM. IL-2 and IL-15 dependent thymic development of Foxp3-expressing regulatory T lymphocytes. Protein Cell 2017; 9:322-332. [PMID: 28540653 PMCID: PMC5876181 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-017-0425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressive regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 play a vital role in the maintenance of tolerance of the immune-system to self and innocuous non-self. Most Treg that are critical for the maintenance of tolerance to self, develop as an independent T-cell lineage from common T cell precursors in the thymus. In this organ, their differentiation requires signals from the T cell receptor for antigen, from co-stimulatory molecules, as well as from cytokine-receptors. Here we focus on the cytokines implicated in thymic development of Treg, with a particular emphasis on the roles of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15. The more recently appreciated involvement of TGF-β in thymic Treg development is also briefly discussed. Finally, we discuss how cytokine-dependence of Treg development allows for temporal, quantitative, and potentially qualitative modulation of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Apert
- CPTP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Paola Romagnoli
- CPTP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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19
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Cardoso EM, Arosa FA. CD8 + T Cells in Chronic Periodontitis: Roles and Rules. Front Immunol 2017; 8:145. [PMID: 28270813 PMCID: PMC5318426 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M Cardoso
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), Faculty of Health Sciences (FCS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior , Covilhã , Portugal
| | - Fernando A Arosa
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), Faculty of Health Sciences (FCS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior , Covilhã , Portugal
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