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Lv Y, Ge C, Wu L, Hu Z, Luo X, Huang W, Zhan S, Shen X, Yu D, Liu B. Hepatoprotective effects of magnolol in fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome hens through shaping gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolic profile. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:120. [PMID: 39238062 PMCID: PMC11378483 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnolol (MAG) exhibits hepatoprotective activity, however, whether and how MAG regulates the gut microbiota to alleviate fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism of MAG in FLHS laying hens with an emphasis on alterations in the gut-liver axis. We randomly divided 540 56-week-old Hy-line white laying hens with FLSH into 4 groups. The birds were fed a high-fat low-protein (HFLP) diet (CON) or HELP diets supplemented with 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of MAG (M1, M2, and M3, respectively) for 9 weeks. RESULTS Magnolol supplementation increased the laying rate and ameliorated hepatic damage and dysfunction by regulating lipid metabolism, improving intestinal barrier function, and shaping the gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolic profiles. Dietary MAG supplementation downregulated the expression of lipid synthesis genes and upregulated the expression of lipid transport genes at varying degrees. The intestinal barrier function was improved by 200 and 400 mg/kg of MAG supplementation, as evidenced by the increased villus height and mRNA expression of tight junction related genes. Microbiological profile information revealed that MAG changed the gut microbiota, especially by elevating the abundances of Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, and Butyricicoccus. Moreover, non-targeted metabolomic analysis showed that MAG significantly promoted tryptophan metabolites, which was positively correlated with the MAG-enriched gut microbiota. The increased tryptophan metabolites could activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and relieved hepatic inflammation and immune response evidenced by the downregulated the gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the liver. The fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments further confirmed that the hepatoprotective effect is likely mediated by MAG-altered gut microbiota and their metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Magnolol can be an outstanding supplement for the prevention and mitigation of FLHS in laying hens by positively regulating lipid synthesis and transport metabolism, improving the intestinal barrier function, and relieving hepatic inflammation by reshaping the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles through gut microbiota-indole metabolite-hepatic AhR crosstalk. These findings elucidate the mechanisms by which MAG alleviates FLHS and provide a promising method for preventing liver diseases by modulating gut microbiota and their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Lv
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, 572000, Sanya, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chaoyue Ge
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, 572000, Sanya, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lianchi Wu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhaoying Hu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinyu Luo
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weichen Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shenao Zhan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinyu Shen
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, 572000, Sanya, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dongyou Yu
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, 572000, Sanya, China.
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Gostyńska A, Buzun K, Żółnowska I, Krajka-Kuźniak V, Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D, Jelińska A, Stawny M. Natural bioactive compounds-The promising candidates for the treatment of intestinal failure-associated liver disease. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1952-1971. [PMID: 39032247 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-saving procedure conducted to maintain a proper nutritional state in patients with severe intestinal failure who cannot be fed orally. A serious complication of PN therapy is liver failure, known as intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD). The pathogenesis of IFALD is multifactorial and includes inhibition of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) by PN components, bacteria translocation from impaired intestines, and intravenous line-associated bloodstream infection. Currently, the most frequently researched therapeutic option for IFALD is using lipid emulsions based on soy or fish oil and, therefore, free from phytosterols known as FXR antagonists. Nevertheless, the potential side effects of the lack of soybean oil delivery seem to outweigh the benefits, especially in the pediatric population. PN admixture provides all the necessary nutrients; however, it is deprived of exogenous natural bioactive compounds (NBCs) of plant origin, such as polyphenols, characterized by health-promoting properties. Among them, many substances have already been known to demonstrate the hepatoprotective effect in various liver diseases. Therefore, searching for new therapeutic options for IFALD among NBCs seems reasonable and potentially successful. This review summarizes the recent research on polyphenols and their use in treating various liver diseases, especially metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseases (MASLD). Furthermore, based on scientific reports, we have described the molecular mechanism of action of selected NBCs that exert hepatoprotective properties. We also summarized the current knowledge on IFALD pathogenesis, described therapeutic options undergoing clinical trials, and presented the future perspective of the potential use of NBCs in PN therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Gostyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kamila Buzun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Izabela Żółnowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Violetta Krajka-Kuźniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Jelińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Stawny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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3
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Jin Z, Wang X. Traditional Chinese medicine and plant-derived natural products in regulating triglyceride metabolism: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Res 2024; 208:107387. [PMID: 39216839 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of cardiometabolic disease is increasing globally, with a trend toward younger age of onset. Among these, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite the efficacy of traditional lipid-lowering drugs, such as statins, in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, a significant residual risk of cardiovascular events remains, which is closely related to unmet triglyceride (TG) targets. The clinical application of current TG-lowering Western medicines has certain limitations, necessitating alternative or complementary therapeutic strategies. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and plant-derived natural products, known for their safety owing to their natural origins and diverse biological activities, offer promising avenues for TG regulation with potentially fewer side effects. This review systematically summarises the mechanisms of TG metabolism and subsequently reviews the regulatory effects of TCM and plant-derived natural products on TG metabolism, including the inhibition of TG synthesis (via endogenous and exogenous pathways), promotion of TG catabolism, regulation of fatty acid absorption and transport, enhancement of lipophagy, modulation of the gut microbiota, and other mechanisms. In conclusion, through a comprehensive analysis of recent studies, this review consolidates the multifaceted regulatory roles of TCM and plant-derived natural products in TG metabolism and elucidates their potential as safer, multi-target therapeutic agents in managing hypertriglyceridemia and mitigating cardiovascular risk, thereby providing a basis for new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Jin
- Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Xu Y, Bai L, Yang X, Huang J, Wang J, Wu X, Shi J. Recent advances in anti-inflammation via AMPK activation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33670. [PMID: 39040381 PMCID: PMC11261115 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex physiological phenomenon, which is the body's defensive response, but abnormal inflammation can have adverse effects, and many diseases are related to the inflammatory response. AMPK, as a key sensor of cellular energy status, plays a crucial role in regulating cellular energy homeostasis and glycolipid metabolism. In recent years, the anti-inflammation effect of AMPK and related signalling cascade has begun to enter everyone's field of vision - not least the impact on metabolic diseases. A great number of studies have shown that anti-inflammatory drugs work through AMPK and related pathways. Herein, this article summarises recent advances in compounds that show anti-inflammatory effects by activating AMPK and attempts to comment on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Xu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinwei Yang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianli Huang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xianbo Wu
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Zhong J, He X, Gao X, Liu Q, Zhao Y, Hong Y, Zhu W, Yan J, Li Y, Li Y, Zheng N, Bao Y, Wang H, Ma J, Huang W, Liu Z, Lyu Y, Ke X, Jia W, Xie C, Hu Y, Sheng L, Li H. Hyodeoxycholic acid ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting RAN-mediated PPARα nucleus-cytoplasm shuttling. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5451. [PMID: 37673856 PMCID: PMC10482907 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is usually characterized with disrupted bile acid (BA) homeostasis. However, the exact role of certain BA in NAFLD is poorly understood. Here we show levels of serum hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) decrease in both NAFLD patients and mice, as well as in liver and intestinal contents of NAFLD mice compared to their healthy counterparts. Serum HDCA is also inversely correlated with NAFLD severity. Dietary HDCA supplementation ameliorates diet-induced NAFLD in male wild type mice by activating fatty acid oxidation in hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα)-dependent way because the anti-NAFLD effect of HDCA is abolished in hepatocyte-specific Pparα knockout mice. Mechanistically, HDCA facilitates nuclear localization of PPARα by directly interacting with RAN protein. This interaction disrupts the formation of RAN/CRM1/PPARα nucleus-cytoplasm shuttling heterotrimer. Our results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of HDCA for NAFLD and provide new insights of BAs on regulating fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine Research and Translation for Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Xiaofang He
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinxin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qiaohong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weize Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Juan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yifan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ningning Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiyang Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Junli Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenjin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zekun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuanzhi Lyu
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Xisong Ke
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yiyang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lili Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Houkai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Gostyńska A, Czerniel J, Kuźmińska J, Żółnowska I, Brzozowski J, Krajka-Kuźniak V, Stawny M. The Development of Magnolol-Loaded Intravenous Emulsion with Low Hepatotoxic Potential. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1262. [PMID: 37765070 PMCID: PMC10537714 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) is a severe liver injury occurring due to factors related to intestinal failure and parenteral nutrition administration. Different approaches are studied to reduce the risk or ameliorate the course of IFALD, including providing omega-3 fatty acids instead of soybean oil-based lipid emulsion or administering active compounds that exert a hepatoprotective effect. This study aimed to develop, optimize, and characterize magnolol-loaded intravenous lipid emulsion for parenteral nutrition. The preformulation studies allowed for chosen oils mixture of the highest capacity of magnolol solubilization. Then, magnolol-loaded SMOFlipid was developed using the passive incorporation method. The Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology were used to optimize the entrapment efficiency. The optimal formulation was subjected to short-term stress tests, and its effect on normal human liver cells and erythrocytes was determined using the MTT and hemolysis tests, respectively. The optimized magnolol-loaded SMOFlipid was characterized by the mean droplet diameter of 327.6 ± 2.9 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.12 ± 0.02 and zeta potential of -32.8 ± 1.2 mV. The entrapment efficiency of magnolol was above 98%, and pH and osmolality were sufficient for intravenous administration. The magnolol-loaded SMOFlipid samples showed a significantly lower toxic effect than bare SMOFlipid in the same concentration on THLE-2 cells, and revealed an acceptable hemolytic effect of 8.3%. The developed formulation was characterized by satisfactory stability. The in vitro studies showed the reduced cytotoxic effect of MAG-SMOF applied in high concentrations compared to bare SMOFlipid and the non-hemolytic effect on human blood cells. The magnolol-loaded SMOFlipid is promising for further development of hepatoprotective lipid emulsion for parenteral nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Gostyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (J.C.); (J.K.); (I.Ż.); (J.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Joanna Czerniel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (J.C.); (J.K.); (I.Ż.); (J.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Joanna Kuźmińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (J.C.); (J.K.); (I.Ż.); (J.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Izabela Żółnowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (J.C.); (J.K.); (I.Ż.); (J.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Jakub Brzozowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (J.C.); (J.K.); (I.Ż.); (J.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Violetta Krajka-Kuźniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Swiecickiego, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Maciej Stawny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (J.C.); (J.K.); (I.Ż.); (J.B.); (M.S.)
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Hegde M, Girisa S, Naliyadhara N, Kumar A, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Mohan CD, Warrier S, Hui KM, Rangappa KS, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Natural compounds targeting nuclear receptors for effective cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:765-822. [PMID: 36482154 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human nuclear receptors (NRs) are a family of forty-eight transcription factors that modulate gene expression both spatially and temporally. Numerous biochemical, physiological, and pathological processes including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, immune modulation, development, reproduction, and aging are extensively orchestrated by different NRs. The involvement of dysregulated NRs and NR-mediated signaling pathways in driving cancer cell hallmarks has been thoroughly investigated. Targeting NRs has been one of the major focuses of drug development strategies for cancer interventions. Interestingly, rapid progress in molecular biology and drug screening reveals that the naturally occurring compounds are promising modern oncology drugs which are free of potentially inevitable repercussions that are associated with synthetic compounds. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to draw our attention to the potential therapeutic effects of various classes of natural compounds that target NRs such as phytochemicals, dietary components, venom constituents, royal jelly-derived compounds, and microbial derivatives in the establishment of novel and safe medications for cancer treatment. This review also emphasizes molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are leveraged to promote the anti-cancer effects of these natural compounds. We have also critically reviewed and assessed the advantages and limitations of current preclinical and clinical studies on this subject for cancer prophylaxis. This might subsequently pave the way for new paradigms in the discovery of drugs that target specific cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Nikunj Naliyadhara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, University of Leicester, Michael Atiyah Building, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, 35712, Gamasa, Egypt
| | | | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | | | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Uzhytchak M, Lunova M, Smolková B, Jirsa M, Dejneka A, Lunov O. Iron oxide nanoparticles trigger endoplasmic reticulum damage in steatotic hepatic cells. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:4250-4268. [PMID: 37560414 PMCID: PMC10408607 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00071k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are being actively researched in various biomedical applications, particularly as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for diagnosing various liver pathologies like nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis. Emerging evidence suggests that IONPs may exacerbate hepatic steatosis and liver injury in susceptible livers such as those with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, our understanding of how IONPs may affect steatotic cells at the sub-cellular level is still fragmented. Generally, there is a lack of studies identifying the molecular mechanisms of potential toxic and/or adverse effects of IONPs on "non-heathy" in vitro models. In this study, we demonstrate that IONPs, at a dose that does not cause general toxicity in hepatic cells (Alexander and HepG2), induce significant toxicity in steatotic cells (cells loaded with non-toxic doses of palmitic acid). Mechanistically, co-treatment with PA and IONPs resulted in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, accompanied by the release of cathepsin B from lysosomes to the cytosol. The release of cathepsin B, along with ER stress, led to the activation of apoptotic cell death. Our results suggest that it is necessary to consider the interaction between IONPs and the liver, especially in susceptible livers. This study provides important basic knowledge for the future optimization of IONPs as MRI contrast agents for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Uzhytchak
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM) Prague 14021 Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM) Prague 14021 Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18221 Czech Republic
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Wang J, Xian M, Cao H, Wu L, Zhou L, Ma Y, Fan L, Lin L, Li G, Huang Q, Huang SK, Xiao X. Prophylactic and therapeutic potential of magnolol-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles in a chronic murine model of allergic asthma. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1182080. [PMID: 37214308 PMCID: PMC10192565 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1182080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnolol is a chemically defined and active polyphenol extracted from magnolia plants possessing anti-allergic activity, but its low solubility and rapid metabolism dramatically hinder its clinical application. To improve the therapeutic effects, magnolol-encapsulated polymeric poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide)-poly (ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG) nanoparticles were constructed and characterized. The prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy in a chronic murine model of OVA-induced asthma and the mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that administration of magnolol-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, lung tissue eosinophil infiltration, and levels of IL-4, IL-13, TGF-β1, IL-17A, and allergen-specific IgE and IgG1 in OVA-exposed mice compared to their empty nanoparticles-treated mouse counterparts. Magnolol-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles also significantly prevented mouse chronic allergic airway mucus overproduction and collagen deposition. Moreover, magnolol-encapsulated PLGA-PEG nanoparticles showed better therapeutic effects on suppressing allergen-induced airway hyperactivity, airway eosinophilic inflammation, airway collagen deposition, and airway mucus hypersecretion, as compared with magnolol-encapsulated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles or magnolol alone. These data demonstrate the protective effect of magnolol-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles against the development of allergic phenotypes, implicating its potential usefulness for the asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Standardization Allergen Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Shenzhen University Division, Institute of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mo Xian
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Standardization Allergen Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Shenzhen University Division, Institute of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libo Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yihe Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Standardization Allergen Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Shenzhen University Division, Institute of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Long Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Laboratory of Allergy and Precision Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chengdu Institute of Respiratory Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinmiao Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Standardization Allergen Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Shenzhen University Division, Institute of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojun Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Standardization Allergen Engineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Shenzhen University Division, Institute of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Yan J, Wang H, Wang H, Bian Y, Wang K, Zhai X, Li Y, Wu K, Wang W, Li J, Tang Z, Wang X. Quantitative analysis and hepatoprotective mechanism of Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma against alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114719. [PMID: 37080088 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma (CD), known as "desert ginseng", has been found to have hepatoprotective effect. This research aimed to investigate the quality control and its alleviating effect on alcoholic liver injury in mice. In this study, for the first time, a sensitive and efficient ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole ion-trap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TRAP/MS) method was developed to rapidly characterize nine representative phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) in the CD extract within 14 min, offering a reference for the quality control standard of this plant. In addition, we found that the CD extract significantly inhibited the weight loss, decreased the liver index, and attenuated excessive lipid deposition, inflammatory and oxidative stress in the mice liver. With the help of the high-throughput lipidomics technique, we discovered that CD markedly reversed 17 lipid metabolites and their involved linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and glycerophospholipid metabolic pathways. As these metabolites are mainly associated with lipid metabolism and liver damage, we further used molecular biological tests to found that CD could regulate the upstream genes and proteins of the lipid metabolism pathway, including adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and peroxidase proliferators activate receptors α (PPARα). In conclusion, this study elucidates the modulatory effects of CD on lipid metabolism disorders in alcoholic fatty liver from holistic system and provides a reference for further research and development of CD as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Huanjun Wang
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Yifei Bian
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhai
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Engineer Center of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China.
| | - Zhixin Tang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250300, China.
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Choi WJ, Kim MH, Park N, Chung JY, Park SJ, Yang WM. Effect and mechanism of Magnolia officinalis pharmacopuncture for treating localized fat via network pharmacology and experimental study. Integr Med Res 2023; 12:100948. [PMID: 37181416 PMCID: PMC10173613 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2023.100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, for various reasons, the need for non-invasive treatment for localized fat has emerged. This study confirmed whether Magnolia officinalis (MO) pharmacopuncture reduces localized fat by promoting lipolysis and inhibiting adipogenesis. Methods The network was built using genes related to the active compound of MO and the mode of action of MO was predicted by the functional enrichment analysis. Based on the result from network analysis, 100 µL of 2 mg/mL MO pharmacopuncture was injected into the inguinal fat pad for 6 weeks in obese C57BL/6J mice. Normal saline was injected into the right-side inguinal fat pad as a self-control. Results It was expected that the 'AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway' would be affected by the MO Network. MO pharmacopuncture reduced the weight and size of inguinal fat in HFD-induced obese mice. The phosphorylation of AMPK along with the increases of lipases was significantly increased by MO injection. Also, the expression levels of fatty acid synthesize-related mediators were suppressed by MO injection. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that MO pharmacopuncture promoted the expression of AMPK, which has beneficial effects on activation of lipolysis and inhibition of lipogenesis. Pharmacopuncture of MO can be a non-surgical alternative therapy in the treatment of local fat tissue.
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Wang X, Chen B, Yu R, Si F, Xie C, Li Z, Dong S, Zhang D. Magnolol, a Neolignan-like Drug, Inhibits Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Replication in Cultured Cells. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020263. [PMID: 36839535 PMCID: PMC9965036 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a destructive pathogen that continues to adversely affect the swine industry worldwide due to a current lack of vaccines and drugs capable of effective disease control. In the present study, the neolignan-like drug, magnolol (MAG), was tested for its ability to inhibit a Vero-cell adapted PEDV strain DR13att. Our data revealed that MAG exhibited anti-PEDV activity in vitro, with IC50 and CC50 values of 28.21 μM and 57.28 μM, respectively. MAG was an efficient inhibitor of viral replication, and repression of viral proliferation was strongest when the host cells were exposed to MAG and the virus at the same time. Although our data indicate that MAG has the potential to be a useful PEDV control agent, in vivo testing of the drug, using animal hosts, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bingqing Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pig, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Ruisong Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pig, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Fusheng Si
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pig, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Chunfang Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pig, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pig, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Shijuan Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pig, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Shanghai 201106, China
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-21-62207858 (S.D.); +86-21-64252324 (D.Z.)
| | - Daojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai 200237, China
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-21-62207858 (S.D.); +86-21-64252324 (D.Z.)
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13
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Huang Q, Xin X, Sun Q, An Z, Gou X, Feng Q. Plant-derived bioactive compounds regulate the NLRP3 inflammasome to treat NAFLD. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:896899. [PMID: 36016562 PMCID: PMC9396216 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.896899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disorder characterized by abnormal accumulation of hepatic fat and inflammatory response with complex pathogenesis. Over activation of the pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome triggers the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, induces pyroptosis, and promotes the release of a large number of pro-inflammatory proteins. All of which contribute to the development of NAFLD. There is a great deal of evidence indicating that plant-derived active ingredients are effective and safe for NAFLD management. This review aims to summarize the research progress of 31 active plant-derived components (terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols) that alleviate lipid deposition, inflammation, and pyroptosis by acting on the NLRP3 inflammasome studied in both in vitro and in vivo NAFLD models. These studies confirmed that the NLRP3 inflammasome and its related genes play a key role in NAFLD amelioration, providing a starting point for further study on the correlation of plant-derived compounds treatment with the NLRP3 inflammasome and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Huang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xin
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - QinMei Sun
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziming An
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Gou
- Central Laboratory, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Feng
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Feng,
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14
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Chen F, Zhang H, Zhao N, Du E, Jin F, Fan Q, Guo W, Huang S, Wei J. Effects of magnolol and honokiol blend on performance, egg quality, hepatic lipid metabolism, and intestinal morphology of hens at late laying cycle. Animal 2022; 16:100532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Arulkumar R, Jung HJ, Noh SG, Chung HY. Soyasapogenol C from Fermented Soybean ( Glycine Max) Acting as a Novel AMPK/PPARα Dual Activator Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis: A Novel SANDA Methodology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5468. [PMID: 35628280 PMCID: PMC9141180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Soyasapogenol C (SSC), a derivative of soyasapogenol B (SSB), is specifically found high in many fermented soybean (Glycine max) products, including Cheonggukjang (in Korean). However, the biological activities for preventing and treating hepatic steatosis, and the precise underlying mechanisms of SSC, remain to be explored. (2) Methods: A novel SANDA (structural screening, ADMET prediction, network pharmacology, docking validation, and activity evaluation) methodology was used to examine whether SSC exerts hepatoprotective effects in silico and in vitro. (3) Results: SSC had better ADMET characteristics and a higher binding affinity with predicted targets chosen from network pathway analysis than SSB. SSC induced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and stimulated the nuclear translocation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), further enhancing PPAR response element (PPRE) binding activity in HepG2 cells. Concurrently, SSC significantly inhibited triglyceride accumulation, which was associated with the suppression of lipogenesis genes and the enhancement of fatty acid oxidation gene expression in HepG2 cells. (4) Conclusions: Soyasapogenol C, discovered using a novel SANDA methodology from fermented soybean, is a novel AMPK/PPARα dual activator that is effective against hepatic steatosis. Dietary supplementation with soyasapogenol C may prevent the development of hepatic steatosis and other diseases associated with fat accumulation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Arulkumar
- Interdisciplinary Research Program of Bioinformatics and Longevity Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (R.A.); (S.G.N.)
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Sang Gyun Noh
- Interdisciplinary Research Program of Bioinformatics and Longevity Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (R.A.); (S.G.N.)
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Interdisciplinary Research Program of Bioinformatics and Longevity Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (R.A.); (S.G.N.)
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
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Li T, Gong H, Zhan B, Mao X. Chitosan oligosaccharide attenuates hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells via the activation of AMP‐activated protein kinase. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14045. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
| | - Han Gong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
| | - Biyuan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
| | - Xueying Mao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
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Niu L, Hou Y, Jiang M, Bai G. The rich pharmacological activities of Magnolia officinalis and secondary effects based on significant intestinal contributions. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114524. [PMID: 34400262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Magnolia officinalis Cortex (M. officinalis) is a traditional herbal drug widely used in Asian countries. Depending on its multiple biological activities, M. officinalis is used to regulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, relieve cough and asthma, prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and treat depression and anxiety. AIM OF THE REVIEW We aimed to review the abundant form of pharmacodynamics activity and potential mechanisms of action of M. officinalis and the characteristics of the internal processes of the main components. The potential mechanisms of local and distance actions of M. officinalis based on GI tract was provided, and it was used to reveal the interconnections between traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Published literatures about M. officinalis and its main components were collected from several scientific databases, including PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Web of Science etc. RESULTS: M. officinalis was shown multiple effects including effects on digestive system, respiratory system, central system, which is consistent with traditional applications, as well as some other activities such as cardiovascular system, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and so on. The mechanisms of these activities are abundant. Its chief ingredients such as magnolol and honokiol can be metabolized into active metabolites in vivo, which can increase water solubility and bioavailability and exert pharmacological activity in the whole body. In the GI tract, M. officinalis and its main ingredient can regulate GI hormones and substance metabolism, protect the intestinal barrier and affect the gut microbiota (GM). These actions are effective to improve local discomfort and some distal symptoms such as depression, asthma, or metabolic disorders. CONCLUSIONS Although M. officinalis has rich pharmacological effects, the GI tract makes great contributions to it. The GI tract is not only an important place for absorption and metabolism but also a key site to help M. officinalis exert local and distal efficacy. Pharmacodynamical studies on the efficacies of distal tissues based on the contributions of the GI tract hold great potential for understanding the benefits of M. officinalis and providing new ideas for the treatment of important diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Niu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China.
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Dose- and Time-Dependent Effects of Oleate on Mitochondrial Fusion/Fission Proteins and Cell Viability in HepG2 Cells: Comparison with Palmitate Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189812. [PMID: 34575980 PMCID: PMC8468319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial impairments in dynamic behavior (fusion/fission balance) associated with mitochondrial dysfunction play a key role in cell lipotoxicity and lipid-induced metabolic diseases. The present work aimed to evaluate dose- and time-dependent effects of the monounsaturated fatty acid oleate on mitochondrial fusion/fission proteins in comparison with the saturated fatty acid palmitate in hepatic cells. To this end, HepG-2 cells were treated with 0, 10 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, 250 μM or 500 μM of either oleate or palmitate for 8 or 24 h. Cell viability and lipid accumulation were evaluated to assess lipotoxicity. Mitochondrial markers of fusion (mitofusin 2, MFN2) and fission (dynamin-related protein 1, DRP1) processes were evaluated by Western blot analysis. After 8 h, the highest dose of oleate induced a decrease in DRP1 content without changes in MFN2 content in association with cell viability maintenance, whereas palmitate induced a decrease in cell viability associated with a decrease mainly in MFN2 content. After 24 h, oleate induced MFN2 increase, whereas palmitate induced DRP1 increase associated with a higher decrease in cell viability with high doses compared to oleate. This finding could be useful to understand the role of mitochondria in the protective effects of oleate as a bioactive compound.
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Chen F, Zhang H, Du E, Fan Q, Zhao N, Jin F, Zhang W, Guo W, Huang S, Wei J. Supplemental magnolol or honokiol attenuates adverse effects in broilers infected with Salmonella pullorum by modulating mucosal gene expression and the gut microbiota. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:87. [PMID: 34365974 PMCID: PMC8351427 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella pullorum is one of the most harmful pathogens to avian species. Magnolol and honokiol, natural compounds extracted from Magnolia officinalis, exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and antibacterial activities. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplemental magnolol and honokiol in broilers infected with S. pullorum. A total of 360 one-day-old broilers were selected and randomly divided into four groups with six replicates: the negative control group (CTL), S. pullorum-infected group (SP), and the S. pullorum-infected group supplemented with 300 mg/kg honokiol (SPH) or magnolol (SPM). RESULTS The results showed that challenging with S. pullorum impaired growth performance in broilers, as indicated by the observed decreases in body weight (P < 0.05) and average daily gains (P < 0.05), along with increased spleen (P < 0.01) and bursa of Fabricus weights (P < 0.05), serum globulin contents, and the decreased intestine villus height and villus/crypt ratios (P < 0.05). Notably, supplemental magnolol and honokiol attenuated these adverse changes, and the effects of magnolol were better than those of honokiol. Therefore, we performed RNA-Seq in ileum tissues and 16S rRNA gene sequencing of ileum bacteria. Our analysis revealed that magnolol increased the α-diversity (observed species, Chao1, ACE, and PD whole tree) and β-diversity of the ileum bacteria (P < 0.05). In addition, magnolol supplementation increased the abundance of Lactobacillus (P < 0.01) and decreased unidentified Cyanobacteria (P < 0.05) both at d 14 and d 21. Further study confirmed that differentially expressed genes induced by magnolol and honokiol supplementation enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, in the intestinal immune network for IgA production, and in the cell adhesion molecule pathways. CONCLUSIONS Supplemental magnolol and honokiol alleviated S. pullorum-induced impairments in growth performance, and the effect of magnolol was better than that of honokiol, which could be partially due to magnolol's ability to improve the intestinal microbial and mucosal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Encun Du
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qiwen Fan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanzheng Guo
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaowen Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jintao Wei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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Zhang X, Zhang Z, Wang P, Han Y, Liu L, Li J, Chen Y, Liu D, Wang J, Tian X, Zhao Q, Yan F. Bawei Chenxiang Wan Ameliorates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Activating AMPK/PPAR-α Signaling Pathway Improving Energy Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:653901. [PMID: 34149410 PMCID: PMC8209424 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.653901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bawei Chenxiang Wan (BCW), a well-known traditional Chinese Tibetan medicine formula, is effective for the treatment of acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of BCW in cardiac hypertrophy and underlying mechanisms. The dose of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 g/kg BCW treated cardiac hypertrophy in SD rat model induced by isoprenaline (ISO). Our results showed that BCW (0.4 g/kg) could repress cardiac hypertrophy, indicated by macro morphology, heart weight to body weight ratio (HW/BW), left ventricle heart weight to body weight ratio (LVW/BW), hypertrophy markers, heart function, pathological structure, cross-sectional area (CSA) of myocardial cells, and the myocardial enzymes. Furthermore, we declared the mechanism of BCW anti-hypertrophy effect was associated with activating adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) signals, which regulate carnitine palmitoyltransferase1β (CPT-1β) and glucose transport-4 (GLUT-4) to ameliorate glycolipid metabolism. Moreover, BCW also elevated mitochondrial DNA-encoded genes of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1(ND1), cytochrome b (Cytb), and mitochondrially encoded cytochrome coxidase I (mt-co1) expression, which was associated with mitochondria function and oxidative phosphorylation. Subsequently, knocking down AMPK by siRNA significantly can reverse the anti-hypertrophy effect of BCW indicated by hypertrophy markers and cell surface of cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, BCW prevents ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by activating AMPK/PPAR-α to alleviate the disturbance in energy metabolism. Therefore, BCW can be used as an alternative drug for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Pengxiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yiwei Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yichun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Duxia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jinying Wang
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Tian
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Fengxia Yan
- School of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Natural products and analogs as preventive agents for metabolic syndrome via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: An overview. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 221:113535. [PMID: 33992930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural products and synthetic analogs have drawn much attention as potential therapeutical drugs to treat metabolic syndrome. We reviewed the underlying mechanisms of 32 natural products and analogs with potential pharmacological effects in vitro, and especially in rodent models and/or patients, that usually act on the PPAR pathway, along with other molecular targets. Recent outstanding total syntheses or semisyntheses of these lead compounds are stated. In general, they can activate the transcriptional activity of PPARα, PPARγ, PPARα/γ, PPARβ/δ, PPARα/δ, PPARγ/δ and panPPAR as weak, partial agonists or selective PPARγ modulators (SPPARγM), which may be useful for managing obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia and non-fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Terpenoids is the largest group of compounds that act as potential modulators on PPARs and are comprised from small lipophilic cannabinoids to lipophilic pentacyclic triterpenes and polar saponins. Shikimates-phenylpropanoids include polar heterocyclic flavonoids and phenolic compounds containing at least one C3-C6 unit and usually a double bond on the propyl chain. Quercetin (19), resveratrol (24) and curcumin (27), stand out from this group for exhibiting beneficial effects on patients. Alkaloids, the minor group of potential modulators on PPARs, include berberine (30), which has been widely explored in preclinical and clinical studies for its potential beneficial effects on T2D and dyslipidemia. However, large-scale clinical trials may be warranted for the promising compounds.
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22
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Chen F, Zhang H, Du E, Jin F, Zheng C, Fan Q, Zhao N, Guo W, Zhang W, Huang S, Wei J. Effects of magnolol on egg production, egg quality, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of laying hens in the late phase of the laying cycle. Poult Sci 2020; 100:835-843. [PMID: 33518137 PMCID: PMC7858092 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnolol is a multifunctional plant polyphenol. To evaluate the effects of magnolol on laying hens in the late laying period, 360 (50-week-old) laying hens were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments: a non-supplemented control diet (C), and control diets supplemented with 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg of magnolol (M100, M200, and M300), respectively. Each treatment had 6 replicates with 15 hens per replicate. Results showed that dietary supplementation of 200 and 300 mg/kg of magnolol increased the laying rate and the M200 group had a lower feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). Magnolol supplementation (200 and 300 mg/kg) could linearly increase albumen height and Haugh unit of fresh eggs in the late phase of the laying cycle (P < 0.01). And magnolol linearly alleviated the decline of the albumen height and Haugh unit of eggs stored for 14 d (P < 0.01). The total superoxide dismutase activity in the ovaries of M100 group was greater than that in the other treatments (P < 0.05). As dietary magnolol levels increased, villus height of jejunum and ileum linearly increased (P < 0.01). M200 and M300 groups had higher expression level of occludin in the ileum compared with group C (P < 0.01). The level of nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the ileum of M200 group were lower than that in the C group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 200 and 300 mg/kg magnolol can improve hen performance, albumen quality of fresh and storage eggs, and hepatic lipid metabolism in the late laying cycle. Also, magnolol has a good effect on increasing villi and improving the intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Encun Du
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Qiwen Fan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Wanzheng Guo
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Shaowen Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Jintao Wei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo and Molecular Breeding, Wuhan 430064, China.
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23
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Xiao JB, Ma JQ, Yakefu K, Tursun M. Effect of the SIRT3-AMPK/PPAR pathway on invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2020; 13:2495-2501. [PMID: 33165440 PMCID: PMC7642722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
SIRT3 is a mitochondrial deacetylation protein that can promote the invasion and migration of cancer cells. We explored the effects of SIRT3 regulation of the AMPK/PPAR signaling pathway on triglycerides and the invasion and metastasis of cervical cancer cells. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect SIRT3. The expression of AMPK and PPAR proteins in different cervical lesions was analyzed in combination with clinicopathological parameters. qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to determine the expression levels of SIRT3 in the C33a and SiHa cervical cancer cell lines. To observe the effects of altering SIRT3 levels by lentivirus transfection and the consequent changes in AMPK and PPAR protein expression, oil red O staining was used to determine intracellular triglycerides, and scratch assays and Transwell chamber experiments were performed to evaluate cervical cancer cell migration and invasion. Our data indicate that SIRT3, AMPK, and PPAR protein expression levels show an increasing trend with cervical lesion severity and are related to the degree of lymph node metastasis and differentiation; moreover, increased expression of SIRT3 can promote the expression of AMPK and PPAR proteins, is beneficial to the formation of intracellular neutral fat, and enhances the ability of cells to metastasize and invade. Our results suggest that SIRT3 activates AMPK/PPAR signaling pathways involved in cancer lipid metabolism and promotes metastasis and cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Bao Xiao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Jun-Qi Ma
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Kailiman Yakefu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi, China
| | - Mikrban Tursun
- Department of Pathology of Medical University of XinjiangUrumqi, China
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24
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Involvement of HO-1 and Autophagy in the Protective Effect of Magnolol in Hepatic Steatosis-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation In Vivo and In Vitro. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100924. [PMID: 32992548 PMCID: PMC7600324 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnolol (MG) is the main active compound of Magnolia officinalis and exerts a wide range of biological activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of MG using tyloxapol (Tylo)-induced (200 mg/kg, i.p.) hyperlipidemia in rats and palmitic acid (PA)-stimulated (0.3 mM) HepG2 cells. Our results showed that Tylo injection significantly increased plasma levels of triglyceride and cholesterol as well as superoxide anion in the livers, whereas MG pretreatment reversed these changes. MG reduced hepatic lipogenesis by attenuating sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) proteins and Srebp-1, Fas, Acc, and Cd36 mRNA expression as well as upregulated the lipolysis-associated genes Hsl, Mgl, and Atgl. Furthermore, MG reduced plasma interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and protein expression of NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), and caspase 1 as well as upregulated nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in hepatocytes of Tylo-treated rats. Enhanced autophagic flux by elevation of autophagy related protein 5-12 (ATG5-12), ATG7, Beclin1, and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 B II (LC3BII)/LC3BI ratio, and reduction of sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1/p62) and phosphorylation of mTOR was observed by MG administration. However, autophagy inhibition with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) in HepG2 cells drastically abrogated the MG-mediated suppression of inflammation and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, MG inhibited hepatic steatosis-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the restoration of autophagy to promote HO-1 signaling capable of ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
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25
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Gentiopicroside Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Lipid Accumulation through Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2940746. [PMID: 32655764 PMCID: PMC7317617 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2940746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is closely related to the alleviation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by regulating oxidative stress and lipid homeostasis. Gentiopicroside (GPS), an iridoid glycoside found in the Gentianaceae, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, the protective effects of GPS on lipid accumulation and oxidative damage have not been investigated thoroughly in free fatty acid- (FFA-) induced HepG2 cells and tyloxapol- (Ty-) induced hyperlipidemia mice. Cell counting kit-8 assays, Oil Red O staining, Western blotting analysis, extraction of nuclear and cytosolic proteins, and biochemical index assay were employed to explore the mechanisms by which GPS exerts a protective effect on FFA-induced HepG2 cells and Ty-induced hyperlipidemia mouse model. This paper demonstrates that GPS could effectively alleviate NAFLD by elevating cell viability, reducing fatty deposition, downregulating TG, and activating nucleus Nrf2 in FFA-induced HepG2 cells. Meanwhile, GPS significantly regulated the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway, Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), and GPS-inhibited sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) expression in FFA-stimulated lipid accumulation of HepG2 cells and Ty-treated mice. Interestingly, we highlight that PI3K/AKT inhibitor (LY294002) markedly increased the expression of Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, PPARα, and downregulated SREBP-1c in FFA-stimulated HepG2 cells. For these reasons, we found that the deletion of Nrf2 could lose the protective effects of GPS on the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and PPARα activation and SREBP-1c inactivation in FFA-stimulated HepG2 cells and Ty-treated mice. GPS treatment had no effect on abnormal lipogenesis and antioxidant enzymes in Ty-induced Nrf2−/− mice. This work gives a new explanation that GPS may be a useful therapeutic strategy for NAFLD through upregulation of the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, which can alleviate oxidative damage and lipid accumulation.
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26
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Liu Z, Zhang H, Wang H, Wei L, Niu L. Magnolol Alleviates IL-1β-Induced Dysfunction of Chondrocytes Through Repression of SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2020; 40:145-151. [PMID: 31916911 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zili Liu
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedic, The Hefei Second People's Hospital and Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedic, The Hefei Second People's Hospital and Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Honglin Wang
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedic, The Hefei Second People's Hospital and Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Longyu Wei
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedic, The Hefei Second People's Hospital and Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Niu
- Department of Microscopic Orthopedic, The Hefei Second People's Hospital and Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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27
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Saha P, Talukdar AD, Nath R, Sarker SD, Nahar L, Sahu J, Choudhury MD. Role of Natural Phenolics in Hepatoprotection: A Mechanistic Review and Analysis of Regulatory Network of Associated Genes. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:509. [PMID: 31178720 PMCID: PMC6543890 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is not only involved in metabolism and detoxification, but also participate in innate immune function and thus exposed to frequent target Thus, they are the frequent target of physical injury. Interestingly, liver has the unique ability to regenerate and completely recoup from most acute, non-iterative situation. However, multiple conditions, including viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, long term alcohol abuse and chronic use of medications can cause persistent injury in which regenerative capacity eventually becomes dysfunctional resulting in hepatic scaring and cirrhosis. Despite the recent therapeutic advances and significant development of modern medicine, hepatic diseases remain a health problem worldwide. Thus, the search for the new therapeutic agents to treat liver disease is still in demand. Many synthetic drugs have been demonstrated to be strong radical scavengers, but they are also carcinogenic and cause liver damage. Present day various hepatic problems are encountered with number of synthetic and plant based drugs. Nexavar (sorafenib) is a chemotherapeutic medication used to treat advanced renal cell carcinoma associated with several side effects. There are a few effective varieties of herbal preparation like Liv-52, silymarin and Stronger neomin phages (SNMC) against hepatic complications. Plants are the huge repository of bioactive secondary metabolites viz; phenol, flavonoid, alkaloid etc. In this review we will try to present exclusive study on phenolics with its mode of action mitigating liver associated complications. And also its future prospects as new drug lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Saha
- Department of Life Science & Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Anupam Das Talukdar
- Department of Life Science & Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Rajat Nath
- Department of Life Science & Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Satyajit D. Sarker
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lutfun Nahar
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jagajjit Sahu
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Insights on the Multifunctional Activities of Magnolol. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1847130. [PMID: 31240205 PMCID: PMC6556366 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1847130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Over years, various biological constituents are isolated from Traditional Chinese Medicine and confirmed to show multifunctional activities. Magnolol, a hydroxylated biphenyl natural compound isolated from Magnolia officinalis, has been extensively documented and shows a range of biological activities. Many signaling pathways include, but are not limited to, NF-κB/MAPK, Nrf2/HO-1, and PI3K/Akt pathways, which are implicated in the biological functions mediated by magnolol. Thus, magnolol is considered as a promising therapeutic agent for clinic research. However, the low water solubility, the low bioavailability, and the rapid metabolism of magnolol dramatically limit its clinical application. In this review, we will comprehensively discuss the last five-year progress of the biological activities of magnolol, including anti-inflammatory, antimicroorganism, antioxidative, anticancer, neuroprotective, cardiovascular protection, metabolism regulation, and ion-mediating activity.
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Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Dludla PV, Johnson R, Joubert E, Louw J, Ziqubu K, Tiano L, Silvestri S, Orlando P, Opoku AR, Muller CJF. Aspalathin, a natural product with the potential to reverse hepatic insulin resistance by improving energy metabolism and mitochondrial respiration. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216172. [PMID: 31048842 PMCID: PMC6497260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspalathin is a rooibos flavonoid with established blood glucose lowering properties, however, its efficacy to moderate complications associated with hepatic insulin resistance is unknown. To study such effects, C3A liver cells exposed to palmitate were used as a model of hepatic insulin resistance. These hepatocytes displayed impaired substrate metabolism, including reduced glucose transport and free fatty acid uptake. These defects included impaired insulin signaling, evident through reduced phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/ protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) protein expression, and mitochondrial dysfunction, depicted by a lower mitochondrial respiration rate. Aspalathin was able to ameliorate these defects by correcting altered substrate metabolism, improving insulin signaling and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Activation of 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) may be a plausible mechanism by which aspalathin increases hepatic energy expenditure. Overall, these results encourage further studies assessing the potential use of aspalathin as a nutraceutical to improve hepatocellular energy expenditure, and reverse metabolic disease-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sithandiwe E. Mazibuko-Mbeje
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rabia Johnson
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Joubert
- Plant Bioactives Group, Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Johan Louw
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andy R. Opoku
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Christo J. F. Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
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30
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Hu ZC, Luo ZC, Jiang BJ, Fu X, Xuan JW, Li XB, Bian YJ, Ni WF, Xue JX. The Protective Effect of Magnolol in Osteoarthritis: In vitro and in vivo Studies. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:393. [PMID: 31040782 PMCID: PMC6476971 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), defined as a long-term progressive joint disease, is characterized by cartilage impairment and erosion. In recent decades, magnolol, as a type of lignin extracted from Magnolia officinalis, has been proved to play a potent anti-inflammatory role in various diseases. The current research sought to examine the latent mechanism of magnolol and its protective role in alleviating the progress of OA in vivo as well as in vitro experimentations. In vitro, the over-production of Nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), induced by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), were all inhibited notably by magnolol in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, magnolol could also downregulate the expression of metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) and thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5). All these changes ultimately led to the deterioration of the extracellular matrix (ECM) induced by IL-1β. Mechanistically, magnolol suppressed the activation of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, a powerful binding capacity between magnolol and PI3K was also revealed in our molecular docking research. In addition, magnolol-induced protective effects in OA development were also detected in a mouse model. In summary, this research suggested that magnolol possessed a new therapeutic potential for the development of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zu-Cheng Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bing-Jie Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Wei Xuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jie Bian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wen-Fei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ji-Xin Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Bone Research Institute, The Key Orthopaedic Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
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