1
|
Zhang E, Li Z, Dong L, Feng Y, Sun G, Xu X, Wang Z, Cui C, Wang W, Yang J. Exploration of Molecular Mechanisms of Immunity in the Pacific Oyster ( Crassostrea gigas) in Response to Vibrio alginolyticus Invasion. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1707. [PMID: 38891754 PMCID: PMC11171025 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the years, oysters have faced recurring mass mortality issues during the summer breeding season, with Vibrio infection emerging as a significant contributing factor. Tubules of gill filaments were confirmed to be in the hematopoietic position in Crassostrea gigas, which produce hemocytes with immune defense capabilities. Additionally, the epithelial cells of oyster gills produce immune effectors to defend against pathogens. In light of this, we performed a transcriptome analysis of gill tissues obtained from C. gigas infected with Vibrio alginolyticus for 12 h and 48 h. Through this analysis, we identified 1024 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 12 h post-injection and 1079 DEGs at 48 h post-injection. Enrichment analysis of these DEGs revealed a significant association with immune-related Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. To further investigate the immune response, we constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using the DEGs enriched in immune-associated KEGG pathways. This network provided insights into the interactions and relationships among these genes, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of the innate immune defense mechanism in oyster gills. To ensure the accuracy of our findings, we validated 16 key genes using quantitative RT-PCR. Overall, this study represents the first exploration of the innate immune defense mechanism in oyster gills using a PPI network approach. The findings provide valuable insights for future research on oyster pathogen control and the development of oysters with enhanced antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enshuo Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China (Z.L.); (X.X.); (C.C.)
| | - Zan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China (Z.L.); (X.X.); (C.C.)
- Yantai Haiyu Marine Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264000, China
| | - Luyao Dong
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yanwei Feng
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China (Z.L.); (X.X.); (C.C.)
- Yantai Haiyu Marine Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264000, China
| | - Guohua Sun
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China (Z.L.); (X.X.); (C.C.)
- Yantai Haiyu Marine Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264000, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China (Z.L.); (X.X.); (C.C.)
- Yantai Haiyu Marine Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264000, China
| | - Zhongping Wang
- Yantai Kongtong Island Industrial Co., Ltd., Yantai 264000, China
| | - Cuiju Cui
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China (Z.L.); (X.X.); (C.C.)
| | - Weijun Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China (Z.L.); (X.X.); (C.C.)
- Yantai Haiyu Marine Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264000, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Yantai Kongtong Island Industrial Co., Ltd., Yantai 264000, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China (Z.L.); (X.X.); (C.C.)
- Yantai Haiyu Marine Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264000, China
- Yantai Kongtong Island Industrial Co., Ltd., Yantai 264000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hovav AH, Wilensky A. The role of the epithelial sentinels, Langerhans cells and γδT cells, in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38273461 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) arises in the oral epithelium, a tissue in which immune surveillance is mediated by its primary resident leukocytes, Langerhans cells (LCs), and γδT cells. Under steady-state conditions, LCs and γδT cells play a critical role in maintaining oral mucosal homeostasis. As antigen-presenting cells of stratified epithelia, LCs respond to various challenges faced by the epithelium, orchestrating innate, and adaptive immune responses in order to resolve them. γδT cells also sense diverse epithelial insults and react rapidly through cytokine production and cytolytic activity. These epithelial sentinels are also considered to be the first leukocytes in the oral epithelium to encounter early carcinogenic events that have the potential of becoming OSCC. As evident in many malignancies, leukocyte populations help prevent cancer development although they also promote tumor progression. OSCC is no exception, as studies have reported both anti- and pro-tumor roles of LCs and γδT cells. In this review, we summarize the ontogeny of LCs and γδT cells in the oral epithelium and discuss their role in OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avi-Hai Hovav
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Asaf Wilensky
- Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roy T, Boateng ST, Uddin MB, Banang-Mbeumi S, Yadav RK, Bock CR, Folahan JT, Siwe-Noundou X, Walker AL, King JA, Buerger C, Huang S, Chamcheu JC. The PI3K-Akt-mTOR and Associated Signaling Pathways as Molecular Drivers of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Update on Therapeutic Strategy Using Natural and Synthetic Compounds. Cells 2023; 12:1671. [PMID: 37371141 PMCID: PMC10297376 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has been implicated in various immune-mediated inflammatory and hyperproliferative dermatoses such as acne, atopic dermatitis, alopecia, psoriasis, wounds, and vitiligo, and is associated with poor treatment outcomes. Improved comprehension of the consequences of the dysregulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in patients with inflammatory dermatoses has resulted in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Nonetheless, more studies are necessary to validate the regulatory role of this pathway and to create more effective preventive and treatment methods for a wide range of inflammatory skin diseases. Several studies have revealed that certain natural products and synthetic compounds can obstruct the expression/activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, underscoring their potential in managing common and persistent skin inflammatory disorders. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of the activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and associated components in immune-mediated inflammatory dermatoses and discusses the potential of bioactive natural products, synthetic scaffolds, and biologic agents in their prevention and treatment. However, further research is necessary to validate the regulatory role of this pathway and develop more effective therapies for inflammatory skin disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Samuel T. Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Mohammad B. Uddin
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Center for Research on Environmental Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
- Division for Research and Innovation, POHOFI Inc., Madison, WI 53744, USA
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Rajesh K. Yadav
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Chelsea R. Bock
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Joy T. Folahan
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Xavier Siwe-Noundou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
| | - Anthony L. Walker
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Judy A. King
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
- College of Medicine, Belmont University, 900 Belmont Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Claudia Buerger
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Clinic of the Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA;
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang C, Lu X. Targeting MET: Discovery of Small Molecule Inhibitors as Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37262349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
MET has been considered as a promising drug target for the treatment of MET-dependent diseases, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Small molecule MET inhibitors with mainly three types of binding modes (Ia/Ib, II, and III) have been developed. In this Review, we provide an overview of the structural features, activation mechanism, and dysregulation pathway of MET and summarize progress on the development and discovery strategies utilized for MET inhibitors as well as mechanisms of acquired resistance to current approved inhibitors. The insights will accelerate discovery of new generation MET inhibitors to overcome clinical acquired resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Wang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Discovery of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, #855 Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Discovery of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, #855 Xingye Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hamouda AEI, Schalla C, Sechi A, Zenke M, Schneider-Kramann R, Hieronymus T. Met-signaling Controls Dendritic Cell Migration in Skin by Regulating Podosome Formation and Function. J Invest Dermatol 2023:S0022-202X(23)00100-8. [PMID: 36813160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Signaling through the HGF receptor/Met in skin-resident Langerhans cells (LC) and dermal dendritic cells (dDC) is essential for their emigration toward draining lymph nodes upon inflammation-induced activation. Here, we addressed the role of Met-signaling in distinct steps of LC/dDC emigration from the skin by employing a conditional Met-deficient mouse model (Metflox/flox). We found that Met deficiency severely impaired podosome formation in DC and concomitantly decreased the proteolytic degradation of gelatin. Accordingly, Met-deficient LC failed to efficiently cross the extracellular matrix (ECM)-rich basement membrane between the epidermis and dermis. We further observed that HGF-dependent Met activation reduced the adhesion of bone marrow-derived LC to various ECM factors and enhanced the motility of DC in 3D collagen matrices, which was not the case for Met-deficient LC/DC. We found no impact of Met-signaling on the integrin-independent amoeboid migration of DC in response to the c-c chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) ligand CCL19. Collectively, our data show that the Met-signaling pathway regulates the migratory properties of DC in HGF-dependent and HGF-independent manners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E I Hamouda
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Carmen Schalla
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Antonio Sechi
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Zenke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Medicine IV, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rebekka Schneider-Kramann
- Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hieronymus
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Speeckaert R, Belpaire A, Speeckaert M, van Geel N. The delicate relation between melanocytes and skin immunity: A game of hide and seek. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2022; 35:392-407. [PMID: 35298085 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Melanocytes exhibit a complex and intriguing relationship with the skin immune response, leading to several clinical conditions. In some disorders, inappropriate melanocyte destruction (e.g., vitiligo, halo naevi) is problematic, while in others, immune tolerance should be broken (melanoma). Important parts of the dysregulated pathways have been unraveled in pigment disorders, ranging from upregulated interferon (IFN)-γ signaling to memory T cells, regulatory T cells, and immune checkpoints. Although a network of many factors is involved, targeting key players such as IFN-γ or checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)] can shift the balance and lead to impressive outcomes. In this review, we focus on the immunological mechanisms of the most common inflammatory disorders where the interaction of the immune system with melanocytes plays a crucial role. This can provide new insights into the current state of melanocyte research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arno Belpaire
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Nanja van Geel
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang BF, Zhai F, An HJ, Jiang J, Cao ZH, Liu YH, Su JW, Wang R, Cheng XX. Mesenchymal-epithelial Transition Factor Regulates Monocyte Function during Mycobacterial Infection via Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:407-416. [PMID: 35235132 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2518-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), causes an estimated 1.6 million human deaths annually, but the pathogenesis of TB remains unclear. Immunity plays a critical role in the onset and outcome of TB. This study aimed to uncover the roles of innate and adaptive immunity in TB. METHODS The gene expression profiles generated by RNA sequencing from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with or without Mtb strain H37Rv antigens were analyzed. A total of 973 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. RESULTS The differentially expressed genes were enriched in innate immunity signaling functions. The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) gene was significantly upregulated in CD14+ monocytes. A MET inhibitor improved the uptake of the BCG strain by monocytes and macrophages as well as inhibited the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). The expression of IDO was increased in PBMCs stimulated with Mtb antigens, and the IDO inhibitor promoted the expression of CD40, CD83, and CD86. CONCLUSION Our results might provide clues regarding the immunomodulatory mechanisms used by Mtb to evade the host defense system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Fen Yang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Fei Zhai
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Hong-Juan An
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Cao
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yan-Hua Liu
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jin-Wen Su
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Ruo Wang
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Xiao-Xing Cheng
- Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Key Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Anitua E, Alkhraisat MH, Eguia A, Piñas L. Oral Pemphigoid Recalcitrant Lesion Treated with PRGF Infiltration. Case Report. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9110137. [PMID: 34821601 PMCID: PMC8620069 DOI: 10.3390/dj9110137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a heterogeneous group of chronic autoimmune subepithelial blistering diseases. Oral involvement is present in almost all patients, may represent the onset of the disease, and causes different degrees of pain, dysphagia, soreness, and bleeding. Treatment is based on systemic and/or oral corticoids, or other immunosuppressants. Occasionally, oral lesions can show a poor response to standard treatments. We present the case of a 61-year-old female patient with a painful extensive MMP oral ulcerative lesion recalcitrant to previous systemic azathioprine and local triamcinolone treatment, which was successfully treated in a novel way using PRGF infiltrations as adjuvant. After four weekly infiltrations, pain was reduced from 10 to 0 in a VAS and the lesion was completely healed. The patient continued with a low dose maintenance immunosuppressive treatment (prednisone 5 mg/day PO), and after 13 months of follow-up, there was no relapse of the lesion and no side effects. Although future research is necessary to confirm these observations, PRGF could be a useful adjuvant for the management of extensive mucous membrane pemphigoid oral lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- Clínica Eduardo Anitua, 01007 Vitoria, Spain; (A.E.); (L.P.)
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, 01007 Vitoria, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Asier Eguia
- Clínica Eduardo Anitua, 01007 Vitoria, Spain; (A.E.); (L.P.)
- Department of Estomatology III, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Laura Piñas
- Clínica Eduardo Anitua, 01007 Vitoria, Spain; (A.E.); (L.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Docq M, Vétillard M, Gallego C, Jaracz-Ros A, Mercier-Nomé F, Bachelerie F, Schlecht-Louf G. Multi-Tissue Characterization of GILZ Expression in Dendritic Cell Subsets at Steady State and in Inflammatory Contexts. Cells 2021; 10:3153. [PMID: 34831376 PMCID: PMC8623566 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key players in the control of tolerance and immunity. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are known to regulate DC function by promoting their tolerogenic differentiation through the induction of inhibitory ligands, cytokines, and enzymes. The GC-induced effects in DCs were shown to critically depend on increased expression of the Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper protein (GILZ). GILZ expression levels were further shown to control antigen-presenting cell function, as well as T-cell priming capacity of DCs. However, the pattern of GILZ expression in DC subsets across tissues remains poorly described, as well as the modulation of its expression levels in different pathological settings. To fill in this knowledge gap, we conducted an exhaustive analysis of GILZ relative expression levels in DC subsets from various tissues using multiparametric flow cytometry. This study was performed at steady state, in the context of acute as well as chronic skin inflammation, and in a model of cancer. Our results show the heterogeneity of GILZ expression among DC subsets as well as the complexity of its modulation, that varies in a cell subset- and context-specific manner. Considering the contribution of GILZ in the control of DC functions and its potential as an immune checkpoint in cancer settings, these results are of high relevance for optimal GILZ targeting in therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molène Docq
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Mathias Vétillard
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Carmen Gallego
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Agnieszka Jaracz-Ros
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Françoise Mercier-Nomé
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
- IPSIT SFR-UMS, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paris Saclay d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Françoise Bachelerie
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Géraldine Schlecht-Louf
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Marinescu CI, Preda MB, Neculachi CA, Rusu EG, Popescu S, Burlacu A. Identification of a Hematopoietic Cell Population Emerging From Mouse Bone Marrow With Proliferative Potential In Vitro and Immunomodulatory Capacity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:698070. [PMID: 34413852 PMCID: PMC8368722 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.698070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is continuing interest in therapeutic applications of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). Unlike human counterparts, mouse MSC are difficult to propagate in vitro due to their contamination with adherent hematopoietic cells that overgrow the cultures. Here we investigated the properties of these contaminating cells, referred to as bone marrow-derived proliferating hematopoietic cells (BM-PHC). The results showed that both BM-PHC and MSC had strong immunomodulatory properties on T cells in vitro, with PGE2 and NO involved in this mechanism. However, BM-PHC were stronger immunomodulators than MSC, with CCL-6 identified as putative molecule responsible for superior effects. In vivo studies showed that, in contrast to BM-PHC, MSC endorsed a more rapid xenograft tumor rejection, thus indicating a particular context in which only MSC therapy would produce positive outcomes. In conclusion, bone marrow contains two cell populations with immunomodulatory properties, which are valuable sources for therapeutic studies in specific disease-relevant contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catalina-Iolanda Marinescu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Bogdan Preda
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Alexandra Neculachi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Evelyn Gabriela Rusu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sinziana Popescu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandrina Burlacu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Najafi SMA. The Canonical Wnt Signaling (Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway): A Potential Target for Cancer Prevention and Therapy. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2020; 24:269-80. [PMID: 32429632 PMCID: PMC7392137 DOI: 10.29252/ibj.24.5.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Precise regulation of signal transduction pathways is crucial for normal animal development and for maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis in adults. The Wnt/Frizzled-mediated signaling includes canonical and non-canonical signal transduction pathways. Upregulation or downregulation of the canonical Wnt signaling (or the Wnt/β-Catenin signal transduction) leads to a variety of human diseases, including cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, skin and bone diseases, and heart deficiencies. Therefore, Wnt/β-Catenin signal transduction is a potential clinical target for the treatment of not only human cancers but also some other human chronic diseases. Here, some recent results including those from my laboratory highlighting the role of Wnt/β-Catenin signal transduction in human cancers will be reviewed. After a brief overview on canonical Wnt signaling and introducing some critical β-Catenin/T-cell factor-target genes, the interaction of canonical Wnt signaling with some common human cancers will be discussed. In the end, the different segments of the aforesaid signaling pathway, which have been considered as targets for clinical purposes, will be scrutinized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Mahmoud A Najafi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Song KY, Desar S, Pengo T, Shanley R, Giubellino A. Correlation of MET and PD-L1 Expression in Malignant Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1847. [PMID: 32659961 PMCID: PMC7408820 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The proto-oncogene MET, the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) with a prominent role in tumor metastasis and resistance to anti-cancer therapies. Melanoma demonstrates relatively frequent MET aberrations, including MET gene amplification. Concurrently, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), with its ability to evade anti-tumor immune responses, has emerged as a prominent therapeutic target in melanoma and other malignancies and its expression is used as a predictive biomarker of response to immunotherapy. We performed immunohistochemistry analysis of MET and PD-L1 in 18 human melanoma cell lines derived from both primary and metastatic lesions, and in a human melanoma tissue microarray containing one hundreds melanocytic lesions, including primary cutaneous melanomas, primary mucosal melanomas, metastatic melanomas and benign melanocytic nevi as controls. After color deconvolution, each core was segmented to isolate staining and calculate the percentage of positive cells. Overall, MET expression was higher in tumors with increased PD-L1 expression. Moreover, a robust correlation between MET and PD-L1 expression was found in samples from metastatic melanoma and not in primary cutaneous or mucosal melanoma. These data suggest that relative expression levels of these proteins in combination is a marker of advanced disease and testing for expression of these markers should be considered in patients with melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (K.Y.S.); (S.D.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sabina Desar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (K.Y.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Thomas Pengo
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Ryan Shanley
- Masonic Cancer Center Biostatistics Core, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Alessio Giubellino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (K.Y.S.); (S.D.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lavin DP, Tiwari VK. Unresolved Complexity in the Gene Regulatory Network Underlying EMT. Front Oncol 2020; 10:554. [PMID: 32477926 PMCID: PMC7235173 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the process whereby a polarized epithelial cell ceases to maintain cell-cell contacts, loses expression of characteristic epithelial cell markers, and acquires mesenchymal cell markers and properties such as motility, contractile ability, and invasiveness. A complex process that occurs during development and many disease states, EMT involves a plethora of transcription factors (TFs) and signaling pathways. Whilst great advances have been made in both our understanding of the progressive cell-fate changes during EMT and the gene regulatory networks that drive this process, there are still gaps in our knowledge. Epigenetic modifications are dynamic, chromatin modifying enzymes are vast and varied, transcription factors are pleiotropic, and signaling pathways are multifaceted and rarely act alone. Therefore, it is of great importance that we decipher and understand each intricate step of the process and how these players at different levels crosstalk with each other to successfully orchestrate EMT. A delicate balance and fine-tuned cooperation of gene regulatory mechanisms is required for EMT to occur successfully, and until we resolve the unknowns in this network, we cannot hope to develop effective therapies against diseases that involve aberrant EMT such as cancer. In this review, we focus on data that challenge these unknown entities underlying EMT, starting with EMT stimuli followed by intracellular signaling through to epigenetic mechanisms and chromatin remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijay K. Tiwari
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang X, Li E, Shen H, Wang X, Tang T, Zhang X, Xu J, Tang Z, Guo C, Bai X, Liang T. Targeting the HGF/MET Axis in Cancer Therapy: Challenges in Resistance and Opportunities for Improvement. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:152. [PMID: 32435640 PMCID: PMC7218174 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Among hundreds of thousands of signal receptors contributing to oncogenic activation, tumorigenesis, and metastasis, the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor - also called tyrosine kinase MET - is a promising target in cancer therapy as its axis is involved in several different cancer types. It is also associated with poor outcomes and is involved in the development of therapeutic resistance. Several HGF/MET-neutralizing antibodies and MET kinase-specific small molecule inhibitors have been developed, resulting in some context-dependent progress in multiple cancer treatments. Nevertheless, the concomitant therapeutic resistance largely inhibits the translation of such targeted drug candidates into clinical application. Until now, numerous studies have been performed to understand the molecular, cellular, and upstream mechanisms that regulate HGF/MET-targeted drug resistance, further explore novel strategies to reduce the occurrence of resistance, and improve therapeutic efficacy after resistance. Intriguingly, emerging evidence has revealed that, in addition to its conventional function as an oncogene, the HGF/MET axis stands at the crossroads of tumor autophagy, immunity, and microenvironment. Based on current progress, this review summarizes the current challenges and simultaneously proposes future opportunities for HGF/MET targeting for therapeutic cancer interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Enliang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zengwei Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengxiang Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
E-Cadherin is Dispensable to Maintain Langerhans Cells in the Epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:132-142.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.06.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
16
|
Alam A, Imam N, Ahmed MM, Tazyeen S, Tamkeen N, Farooqui A, Malik MZ, Ishrat R. Identification and Classification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Network Meta-Analysis Reveals Potential Molecular Signatures Associated With Tuberculosis. Front Genet 2019; 10:932. [PMID: 31749827 PMCID: PMC6844239 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of deadly transmissible disease that causes death worldwide; however, only 10% of people infected with Mycobacteriumtuberculosis develop disease, indicating that host genetic factors may play key role in determining susceptibility to TB disease. In this way, the analysis of gene expression profiling of TB infected individuals can give us a snapshot of actively expressed genes and transcripts under various conditions. In the present study, we have analyzed microarray data set and compared the gene expression profiles of patients with different datasets of healthy control, latent infection, and active TB. We observed the transition of genes from normal condition to different stages of the TB and identified and annotated those genes/pathways/processes that have important roles in TB disease during its cyclic interventions in the human body. We identified 488 genes that were differentially expressed at various stages of TB and allocated to pathways and gene set enrichment analysis. These pathways as well as GSEA’s importance were evaluated according to the number of DEGs presents in both. In addition, we studied the gene regulatory networks that may help to further understand the molecular mechanism of immune response against the TB infection and provide us a new angle for future biomarker and therapeutic targets. In this study, we identified 26 leading hubs which are deeply rooted from top to bottom in the gene regulatory network and work as the backbone of the network. These leading hubs contains 31 key regulator genes, of which 14 genes were up-regulated and 17 genes were down-regulated. The proposed approach is based on gene-expression profiling, and network analysis approaches predict some unknown TB-associated genes, which can be considered (or can be tested) as reliable candidates for further (in vivo/in vitro) studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Nikhat Imam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.,Department of Mathematics, Institute of Computer Science & Information Technology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, India
| | - Mohd Murshad Ahmed
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Safia Tazyeen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Naaila Tamkeen
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Anam Farooqui
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Zubbair Malik
- School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Romana Ishrat
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chamcheu JC, Roy T, Uddin MB, Banang-Mbeumi S, Chamcheu RCN, Walker AL, Liu YY, Huang S. Role and Therapeutic Targeting of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Skin Cancer: A Review of Current Status and Future Trends on Natural and Synthetic Agents Therapy. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080803. [PMID: 31370278 PMCID: PMC6721560 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and associated phosphatidyl-inositiol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathways regulate cell growth, differentiation, migration, and survival, as well as angiogenesis and metabolism. Dysregulation of these pathways is frequently associated with genetic/epigenetic alterations and predicts poor treatment outcomes in a variety of human cancers including cutaneous malignancies like melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Recently, the enhanced understanding of the molecular and genetic basis of skin dysfunction in patients with skin cancers has provided a strong basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for these obdurate groups of skin cancers. This review summarizes recent advances in the roles of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and their targets in the development and progression of a broad spectrum of cutaneous cancers and discusses the current progress in preclinical and clinical studies for the development of PI3K/Akt/mTOR targeted therapies with nutraceuticals and synthetic small molecule inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tithi Roy
- College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | | | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
- Division for Research and Innovation, POHOFI Inc., P.O. Box 44067, Madison, WI 53744, USA
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | | | - Anthony L Walker
- College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Yong-Yu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209-0497, USA
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Boichuck M, Zorea J, Elkabets M, Wolfson M, Fraifeld VE. c-Met as a new marker of cellular senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:2889-2897. [PMID: 31085799 PMCID: PMC6535066 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Here, we reported for the first time an increased expression of c-Met protein in primary cultures of human dermal and pulmonary fibroblasts of late passages. This suggests that c-Met could serve as an early marker of cellular senescence (CS). The levels of c-Met-related signaling proteins phospho-Akt and Stat3 were also increased in (pre)senescent fibroblasts. Considering the anti-apoptotic activity of Akt and the involvement of Stat3 in mediating the effects of proinflammatory cytokines, the findings of this study indicate that c-Met could contribute through its downstream targets or partners to at least two major phenotypical features of CS - resistance to apoptosis and senescence-associated secretory phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Boichuck
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Center for Multidisciplinary Research on Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Jonathan Zorea
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Center for Multidisciplinary Research on Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Center for Multidisciplinary Research on Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Marina Wolfson
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Center for Multidisciplinary Research on Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Vadim E. Fraifeld
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Center for Multidisciplinary Research on Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
HGF/c-MET Signaling in Melanocytes and Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123844. [PMID: 30513872 PMCID: PMC6321285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/ mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET) signaling is involved in complex cellular programs that are important for embryonic development and tissue regeneration, but its activity is also utilized by cancer cells during tumor progression. HGF and c-MET usually mediate heterotypic cell–cell interactions, such as epithelial–mesenchymal, including tumor–stroma interactions. In the skin, dermal fibroblasts are the main source of HGF. The presence of c-MET on keratinocytes is crucial for wound healing in the skin. HGF is not released by normal melanocytes, but as melanocytes express c-MET, they are receptive to HGF, which protects them from apoptosis and stimulates their proliferation and motility. Dissimilar to melanocytes, melanoma cells not only express c-MET, but also release HGF, thus activating c-MET in an autocrine manner. Stimulation of the HGF/c-MET pathways contributes to several processes that are crucial for melanoma development, such as proliferation, survival, motility, and invasiveness, including distant metastatic niche formation. HGF might be a factor in the innate and acquired resistance of melanoma to oncoprotein-targeted drugs. It is not entirely clear whether elevated serum HGF level is associated with low progression-free survival and overall survival after treatment with targeted therapies. This review focuses on the role of HGF/c-MET signaling in melanoma with some introductory information on its function in skin and melanocytes.
Collapse
|