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Chen CN, Hajji N, Yeh FC, Rahman S, Ali S, Wharton J, Baxan N, Zhao L, Xie CY, Chen YG, Frid MG, Chelladurai P, Pullamsetti SS, Stenmark KR, Wilkins MR, Zhao L. Restoration of Foxp3 + Regulatory T Cells by HDAC-Dependent Epigenetic Modulation Plays a Pivotal Role in Resolving Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Pathology. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:879-895. [PMID: 37676930 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202301-0181oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Immune dysregulation is a common feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Histone deacetylase (HDAC)-dependent transcriptional reprogramming epigenetically modulates immune homeostasis and is a novel disease-oriented approach in modern times. Objectives: To identify a novel functional link between HDAC and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in PAH, aiming to establish disease-modified biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from patients with idiopathic PAH (IPAH) and rodent models of pulmonary hypertension (PH): monocrotaline rats, Sugen5416-hypoxia rats, and Treg-depleted mice. HDAC inhibitor vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA) was used to examine the immune modulatory effects in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. Measurements and Main Results: Increased HDAC expression was associated with reduced Foxp3+ Tregs and increased PD-1 (programmed cell death-1) signaling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with IPAH. SAHA differentially modified a cluster of epigenetic-sensitive genes and induced Foxp3+ Treg conversion in IPAH T cells. Rodent models recapitulated these epigenetic aberrations and T-cell dysfunction. SAHA attenuated PH phenotypes and restored FOXP3 transcription and Tregs in PH rats; interestingly, the effects were more profound in female rats. Selective depletion of CD25+ Tregs in Sugen5416-hypoxia mice neutralized the effects of SAHA. Furthermore, SAHA inhibited endothelial cytokine/chemokine release upon stimulation and subsequent immune chemotaxis. Conclusions: Our results indicated HDAC aberration was associated with Foxp3+ Treg deficiency and demonstrated an epigenetic-mediated mechanism underlying immune dysfunction in PAH. Restoration of Foxp3+ Tregs by HDAC inhibitors is a promising approach to resolve pulmonary vascular pathology, highlighting the potential benefit of developing epigenetic therapies for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Nien Chen
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nabil Hajji
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fu-Chiang Yeh
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sunniyat Rahman
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Souad Ali
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Wharton
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicoleta Baxan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lin Zhao
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chong-Yang Xie
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yi-Guan Chen
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria G Frid
- Division of Critical Care Medicine and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Prakash Chelladurai
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany; and
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kurt R Stenmark
- Division of Critical Care Medicine and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Martin R Wilkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lan Zhao
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Bertola N, Regis S, Bruno S, Mazzarello AN, Serra M, Lupia M, Sabatini F, Corsolini F, Ravera S, Cappelli E. Effects of Deacetylase Inhibition on the Activation of the Antioxidant Response and Aerobic Metabolism in Cellular Models of Fanconi Anemia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051100. [PMID: 37237966 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease characterized by a dysfunctional DNA repair and an oxidative stress accumulation due to defective mitochondrial energy metabolism, not counteracted by endogenous antioxidant defenses, which appear down-expressed compared to the control. Since the antioxidant response lack could depend on the hypoacetylation of genes coding for detoxifying enzymes, we treated lymphoblasts and fibroblasts mutated for the FANC-A gene with some histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), namely, valproic acid (VPA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (OHB), and EX527 (a Sirt1 inhibitor), under basal conditions and after hydrogen peroxide addition. The results show that VPA increased catalase and glutathione reductase expression and activity, corrected the metabolic defect, lowered lipid peroxidation, restored the mitochondrial fusion and fission balance, and improved mitomycin survival. In contrast, OHB, despite a slight increase in antioxidant enzyme expressions, exacerbated the metabolic defect, increasing oxidative stress production, probably because it also acts as an oxidative phosphorylation metabolite, while EX527 showed no effect. In conclusion, the data suggest that VPA could be a promising drug to modulate the gene expression in FA cells, confirming that the antioxidant response modulation plays a pivotal in FA pathogenesis as it acts on both oxidative stress levels and the mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bertola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Regis
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Martina Serra
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Michela Lupia
- Haematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Sabatini
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsolini
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Enrico Cappelli
- Haematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
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3
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Regulatory T Cells Overexpressing Peli1 Show Better Efficacy in Repairing Ovarian Endocrine Function in Autoimmune Premature Ovarian Insufficiency. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100005. [PMID: 37039145 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cell dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Adoptive transfer of Treg cells has been shown to be effective in the treatment of autoimmune POI in mice. However, the therapeutic effect of Treg cell therapy is limited because the phenotype and function of Treg cells is not properly maintained when they are reinfused in an inflammatory environment. Therefore, enhancing the function of Treg cells using genetic engineering is of great significance for improving the efficacy of Treg cells in the treatment of immune diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of the E3 ubiquitinated ligase Pellino 1 (Peli1) in the proliferation and immunosuppressive function of Treg cells and the therapeutic effect of Treg cells overexpressing Peli1 on autoimmune POI. The results showed that the overexpression of Peli1 promoted cell proliferation and enhanced the immunosuppressive function of Treg cells in vitro. After the adoptive transfer of Treg cells overexpressing Peli1 in autoimmune POI mice, the apoptosis rate of ovarian granulosa cells declined. The levels of the inflammatory inhibitors interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor-β as well as the ovarian hormone estradiol were elevated. The number of primordial, primary, secondary, and mature follicles was restored to a certain extent compared with those in control subjects. These results revealed that the adoptive transfer of Treg cells overexpressing Peli1 promoted its efficacy against zona pellucida protein 3 peptide-induced POI, which provides new insights into the treatment of autoimmune POI.
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4
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Feng R, Lu M, Yin C, Xu K, Liu L, Xu P. Identification of candidate genes and pathways associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis by integrative transcriptome-wide association studies and mRNA expression profiles. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:19. [PMID: 36755318 PMCID: PMC9906884 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease of childhood, with genetic susceptibility and pathological processes such as autoimmunity and autoinflammation, but its pathogenesis is unclear. We conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) using expression interpolation from a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset to identify genes, biological pathways, and environmental chemicals associated with JIA. METHODS We obtained published GWAS data on JIA for TWAS and used mRNA expression profiling to validate the genes identified by TWAS. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was generated, and central genes were obtained using Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE). Finally, chemical gene expression datasets were obtained from the Comparative Toxicogenomics database for chemical genome enrichment analysis. RESULTS TWAS identified 1481 genes associated with JIA, and 154 differentially expressed genes were identified based on mRNA expression profiles. After comparing the results of TWAS and mRNA expression profiles, we obtained eight overlapping genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the genes identified by TWAS yielded 163 pathways, and PPI network analysis as well as MCODE resolution identified a total of eight clusters. Through chemical gene set enrichment analysis, 287 environmental chemicals associated with JIA were identified. CONCLUSION By integrating TWAS and mRNA expression profiles, genes, biological pathways, and environmental chemicals associated with JIA were identified. Our findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of JIA, including candidate genetic and environmental factors contributing to its onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyang Feng
- grid.452452.00000 0004 1757 9282Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 Shanxi China
| | - Mengnan Lu
- grid.452672.00000 0004 1757 5804Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Chunyan Yin
- grid.452672.00000 0004 1757 5804Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Ke Xu
- grid.452452.00000 0004 1757 9282Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 Shanxi China
| | - Lin Liu
- grid.452452.00000 0004 1757 9282Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 Shanxi China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shanxi, China.
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5
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Ghobadinezhad F, Ebrahimi N, Mozaffari F, Moradi N, Beiranvand S, Pournazari M, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Khorram R, Afshinpour M, Robino RA, Aref AR, Ferreira LMR. The emerging role of regulatory cell-based therapy in autoimmune disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1075813. [PMID: 36591309 PMCID: PMC9795194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune disease, caused by unwanted immune responses to self-antigens, affects millions of people each year and poses a great social and economic burden to individuals and communities. In the course of autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and multiple sclerosis, disturbances in the balance between the immune response against harmful agents and tolerance towards self-antigens lead to an immune response against self-tissues. In recent years, various regulatory immune cells have been identified. Disruptions in the quality, quantity, and function of these cells have been implicated in autoimmune disease development. Therefore, targeting or engineering these cells is a promising therapeutic for different autoimmune diseases. Regulatory T cells, regulatory B cells, regulatory dendritic cells, myeloid suppressor cells, and some subsets of innate lymphoid cells are arising as important players among this class of cells. Here, we review the roles of each suppressive cell type in the immune system during homeostasis and in the development of autoimmunity. Moreover, we discuss the current and future therapeutic potential of each one of these cell types for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Ghobadinezhad
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nasim Ebrahimi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mozaffari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Neda Moradi
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Nourdanesh Institute of Higher Education, University of Meymeh, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sheida Beiranvand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mehran Pournazari
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Roya Khorram
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maral Afshinpour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Rob A. Robino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States,Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States,Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,Xsphera Biosciences, Boston, MA, United States,*Correspondence: Leonardo M. R. Ferreira, ; Amir Reza Aref,
| | - Leonardo M. R. Ferreira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States,Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States,Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States,*Correspondence: Leonardo M. R. Ferreira, ; Amir Reza Aref,
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6
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Zhang YS, Xin DE, Wang Z, Peng W, Zeng Y, Liang J, Xu M, Chen N, Zhang J, Yue J, Cao M, Zhang C, Wang Y, Chang Z, Lu XM, Chang L, Chinn YE. Acetylation licenses Th1 cell polarization to constrain Listeria monocytogenes infection. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2303-2315. [PMID: 35614130 PMCID: PMC9613754 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper 1 (Th1) immunity is typically viewed as a critical adaptation by vertebrates against intracellular pathogens. Identifying novel targets to enhance Th1 cell differentiation and function is increasingly important for anti-infection immunity. Here, through small-molecule screening focusing on epigenetic modifiers during the in vitro Th1 cell differentiation process, we identified that the selective histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors ricolinostat and nexturastat A (Nex A) promoted Th1 cell differentiation. HDAC6-depleted mice exhibit elevation of Th1 cell differentiation, and decreased severity of Listeria monocytogenes infection. Mechanistically, HDAC6 directly deacetylated CBP-catalyzed acetylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4)-lysine (K) 667 via its enzymatic activity. Acetylation of STAT4-K667 is required for JAK2-mediated phosphorylation and activation of STAT4. Stat4K667R mutant mice lost the ability to normally differentiate into Th1 cells and developed severe Listeria infection. Our study identifies acetylation of STAT4-K667 as an essential signaling event for Th1 cell differentiation and defense against intracellular pathogen infections, and highlights the therapeutic potential of HDAC6 inhibitors for controlling intracellular pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Sophia Zhang
- Institue of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Dazhuan Eric Xin
- Institue of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhizhang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Wenlong Peng
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Jianshu Liang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Nannan Chen
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jicheng Yue
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Mengtao Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518300, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Institue of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhijie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Lu
- Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Y Eugene Chinn
- Institue of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China.
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiological and Interdisciplinary Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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7
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Role of Histone Deacetylases in T-Cell Development and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147828. [PMID: 35887172 PMCID: PMC9320103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of enzymes called “epigenetic erasers”. They remove the acetyl group from histones changing the condensation state of chromatin, leading to epigenetic modification of gene expression and various downstream effects. Eighteen HDACs have been identified and grouped into four classes. The role of HDACs in T-cells has been extensively studied, and it has been proven that many of them are important players in T-cell development and function. In this review, we present the current state of knowledge on the role of HDACs in the early stages of T-cell development but also in the functioning of mature lymphocytes on the periphery, including activation, cytokine production, and metabolism regulation.
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8
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Elfiky AMI, Ghiboub M, Li Yim AYF, Hageman IL, Verhoeff J, de Krijger M, van Hamersveld PHP, Welting O, Admiraal I, Rahman S, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Wildenberg ME, Tomlinson L, Gregory R, Rioja I, Prinjha RK, Furze RC, Lewis HD, Mander PK, Heinsbroek SEM, Bell MJ, de Jonge WJ. Carboxylesterase-1 Assisted Targeting of HDAC Inhibitors to Mononuclear Myeloid Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:668-681. [PMID: 34633041 PMCID: PMC9089418 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Histone deacetylase inhibitors [HDACi] exert potent anti-inflammatory effects. Because of the ubiquitous expression of HDACs, clinical utility of HDACi is limited by off-target effects. Esterase-sensitive motif [ESM] technology aims to deliver ESM-conjugated compounds to human mononuclear myeloid cells, based on their expression of carboxylesterase 1 [CES1]. This study aims to investigate utility of an ESM-tagged HDACi in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. METHODS CES1 expression was assessed in human blood, in vitro differentiated macrophage and dendritic cells, and Crohn's disease [CD] colon mucosa, by mass cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction [PCR], and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. ESM-HDAC528 intracellular retention was evaluated by mass spectrometry. Clinical efficacy of ESM-HDAC528 was tested in dextran sulphate sodium [DSS]-induced colitis and T cell transfer colitis models using transgenic mice expressing human CES1 under the CD68 promoter. RESULTS CES1 mRNA was highly expressed in human blood CD14+ monocytes, in vitro differentiated and lipopolysaccharide [LPS]-stimulated macrophages, and dendritic cells. Specific hydrolysis and intracellular retention of ESM-HDAC528 in CES1+ cells was demonstrated. ESM-HDAC528 inhibited LPS-stimulated IL-6 and TNF-α production 1000 times more potently than its control, HDAC800, in CES1high monocytes. In healthy donor peripheral blood, CES1 expression was significantly higher in CD14++CD16- monocytes compared with CD14+CD16++ monocytes. In CD-inflamed colon, a higher number of mucosal CD68+ macrophages expressed CES1 compared with non-inflamed mucosa. In vivo, ESM-HDAC528 reduced monocyte differentiation in the colon and significantly improved colitis in a T cell transfer model, while having limited potential in ameliorating DSS-induced colitis. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that monocytes and inflammatory macrophages specifically express CES1, and can be preferentially targeted by ESM-HDAC528 to achieve therapeutic benefit in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M I Elfiky
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Mohammed Ghiboub
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Andrew Y F Li Yim
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ishtu L Hageman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon de Krijger
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia H P van Hamersveld
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Welting
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Admiraal
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shafaque Rahman
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon E Wildenberg
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Tomlinson
- Discovery DMPK, IVIVT, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Richard Gregory
- Discovery DMPK, IVIVT, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Inmaculada Rioja
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Rebecca C Furze
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Huw D Lewis
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | | | - Sigrid E M Heinsbroek
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew J Bell
- Immunology Research Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Wouter J de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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9
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Abdelkader HA, Amin I, Rashed LA, Samir M, Ezzat M. Histone deacetylase 1 in patients with alopecia areata and acne vulgaris: An epigenetic alteration. Australas J Dermatol 2022; 63:e138-e141. [DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iman Amin
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Maha Samir
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Marwa Ezzat
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
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10
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Fang TJ, Lin CH, Lin YZ, Chiu MHS, Li RN, Chan HC, Yeh YT, Yen JH. Lower HDAC6 mRNA expression and promoter hypomethylation are associated with RA susceptibility. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:1431-1441. [PMID: 34732304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Recent studies showed that Histone deacetylases 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors could improve arthritis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rodent models, whereas lower HDAC6 expression was observed in RA patients' synovial fibroblasts, raising the concerns to use HDAC6 inhibitors to treat RA patients. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of HDAC6 mRNA expression and promoter methylation in RA. METHODS The DNA and RNAs were extracted from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 138 RA patients and 102 healthy controls. The pyrosequencing technique was used for promoter methylation analysis. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the HDAC6 mRNA expression. The patients' clinical characteristics and disease biomarkers were recorded when blood sampling. RESULTS The HDAC6 mRNA expression was lower in the RA patients than controls (p = 0.001). The RA patients had significant hypomethylation of the HDAC6 promoter (p < 0.001). The HDAC6 promoter was hypo-methylated in the -229, -225, -144, and -142 CpG sites in RA patients (p < 0.05). Unexpectedly, promoter methylation and mRNA expression of the HDAC6 gene were positively associated (p < 0.001). The HDAC6 mRNA expression and promoter methylation status were associated with the risk of RA (p = 0.006 and 0.002, respectively). The inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6, were significantly increased after HDAC6 knockdown in PMA-stimulated THP1 cells and SW982 cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The HDAC6 mRNA expression and promoter methylation were lower in RA patients. Both HDAC6 mRNA expression level and promoter hypomethylation were associated the susceptibility of RA. HDAC6 inhibitors seem not proper for RA patients' treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Jung Fang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Lin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Zhao Lin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Min-HSi Chiu
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Taiwan; Biomedical Analysis Center, Fooyin University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Nian Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Chen Chan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Taiwan; Biomedical Analysis Center, Fooyin University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hsien Yen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan; College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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11
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Dai Y, Wei T, Shen Z, Bei Y, Lin H, Dai H. Classical HDACs in the regulation of neuroinflammation. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105182. [PMID: 34509559 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a key factor of the pathology of various neurological diseases (brain injury, depression, neurodegenerative diseases). It is a complex and orderly process that relies on various types of glial cells and peripheral immune cells. Inhibition of neuroinflammation can reduce the severity of neurological diseases. The initiation, progression, and termination of inflammation require gene activation, epigenetic modification, transcriptional translation, and post-translational regulation, all of which are tightly regulated by different enzymes. Epigenetics refers to the regulation of epigenetic gene expression by epigenetic changes (DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs such as miRNA) that are not dependent on changes in gene sequence and are heritable. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of important enzymes that regulate epigenetics. They can remove the acetyl group on the lysine ϵ-amino group of the target protein, thereby affecting gene transcription or altering protein activity. HDACs are involved in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) has also become a new hotspot in the research of anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore, the aim of the current review is to discuss and summarize the role and mechanism of different HDACs in neuroinflammation and the corresponding role of HDACi in neurological diseases, and to providing new ideas for future research on neuroinflammation-related diseases and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjian Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Taofeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zexu Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yun Bei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haoran Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haibin Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
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12
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Benito-Villalvilla C, Pérez-Diego M, Angelina A, Kisand K, Rebane A, Subiza JL, Palomares O. Allergoid-mannan conjugates reprogram monocytes into tolerogenic dendritic cells via epigenetic and metabolic rewiring. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 149:212-222.e9. [PMID: 34153371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergoid-mannan conjugates are novel vaccines for allergen-specific immunotherapy being currently assayed in phase 2 clinical trials. Allergoid-mannan conjugates target dendritic cells (DCs) and generate functional forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)-positive Treg cells, but their capacity to reprogram monocyte differentiation remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We studied whether allergoid-mannan conjugates could reprogram monocyte differentiation into tolerogenic DCs and the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Monocytes from nonatopic and allergic subjects were differentiated into DCs under conventional protocols in the absence or presence of allergoid-mannan conjugates. ELISA, real-time quantitative PCR, coculture, flow cytometry, and suppression assay were performed. Metabolic and epigenetic techniques were also used. RESULTS Monocyte differentiation from nonatopic and allergic subjects into DCs in the presence of allergoid-mannan conjugates yields stable tolerogenic DCs. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mannan-tolDCs show a significantly lower cytokine production, lower TNF-α/IL-10 ratio, and higher expression of the tolerogenic molecules PDL1, IDO, SOCS1, SOCS3, and IL10; and they induce higher numbers of functional FOXP3+ Treg cells than conventional DC counterparts. Mannan-tolDCs shift glucose metabolism from Warburg effect and lactate production to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. They also display epigenetic reprogramming involving specific histone marks within tolerogenic loci and lower expression levels of histone deacetylase genes. Mannan-tolDCs significantly increase the expression of the anti-inflammatory miRNA-146a/b and decrease proinflammatory miRNA-155. CONCLUSIONS Allergoid-mannan conjugates reprogram monocyte differentiation into stable tolerogenic DCs via epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming. Our findings shed light on the novel mechanisms by which allergoid-mannan conjugates might contribute to allergen tolerance induction during allergen-specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Benito-Villalvilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Pérez-Diego
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Angelina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ana Rebane
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Zou M, Jiang D, Wu T, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Wu D, Sun W, Cui J, Moreland L, Li G. Post-GWAS functional studies reveal an RA-associated CD40-induced NF-kB signal transduction and transcriptional regulation network targeted by class II HDAC inhibitors. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:823-835. [PMID: 33517445 PMCID: PMC8161515 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, it remains difficult to identify which single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are functional and how various functional SNPs (fSNPs) interact and contribute to disease susceptibility. GWAS have identified a CD40 locus that is associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We previously used two techniques developed in our laboratory, single nucleotide polymorphism-next-generation sequencing (SNP-seq) and flanking restriction enhanced DNA pulldown-mass spectrometry (FREP-MS), to determine that the RA risk gene RBPJ regulates CD40 expression via a fSNP at the RA-associated CD40 locus. In the present work, by applying the same approach, we report the identification of six proteins that regulate RBPJ expression via binding to two fSNPs on the RA-associated RBPJ locus. Using these findings, together with the published data, we constructed an RA-associated signal transduction and transcriptional regulation network (STTRN) that functionally connects multiple RA-associated risk genes via transcriptional regulation networks (TRNs) linked by CD40-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) signaling. Remarkably, this STTRN provides insight into the potential mechanism of action for the histone deacetylase inhibitor givinostat, an approved therapy for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Thus, the generation of disease-associated STTRNs based on post-GWAS functional studies is demonstrated as a novel and effective approach to apply GWAS for mechanistic studies and target identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijuan Zou
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Danli Jiang
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Ting Wu
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Department of Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Yihan Zhao
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Medicine, Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Larry Moreland
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Gang Li
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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14
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Abstract
The development of vaccines is one of the greatest medical interventions in the history of global infectious diseases and has contributed to the annual saving of at least 2 to 3 million lives worldwide. However, many diseases are not preventable through currently available vaccines, and the potential of modulating the immune response during vaccination has not been fully exploited. The first golden age of vaccines was based on the germ theory and the use of live, attenuated, inactivated pathogens or toxins. New strategies and formulations (e.g., adjuvants) with an immunomodulatory capacity to enhance the protective qualities and duration of vaccines have been incompletely exploited. These strategies can prevent disease and improve protection against infectious diseases, modulate the course of some noncommunicable diseases, and increase the immune responses of patients at a high risk of infection, such as the elderly or immunocompromised patients. In this minireview, we focus on how metabolic and epigenetic modulators can amplify and enhance the function of immunity in a given vaccine. We propose the term “amplifier” for such additives, and we pose that future vaccines will have three components: antigen, adjuvant, and amplifier.
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15
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Teodori L, Sestili P, Madiai V, Coppari S, Fraternale D, Rocchi MBL, Ramakrishna S, Albertini MC. MicroRNAs Bioinformatics Analyses Identifying HDAC Pathway as a Putative Target for Existing Anti-COVID-19 Therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:582003. [PMID: 33363465 PMCID: PMC7753186 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.582003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 313,000 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases have been confirmed in Italy as of 30 September 2020, and the number of deaths exceeding thirty-five thousand makes Italy among the list of most significantly affected countries in the world. Such an enormous occurrence of infections and death raises the urgent demand for effective available treatments. Discovering the cellular/molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity is of paramount importance to understand how the infection becomes a disease and how to plan any therapeutic approach. In this regard, we performed an in silico analysis to predict the putative virus targets and evidence the already available therapeutics. Literature experimental results identified angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE and Spike proteins particularly involved in COVID-19. Consequently, we investigated the signalling pathways modulated by the two proteins through query miRNet, the platform linking miRNAs, targets, and functions. Our bioinformatics analysis predicted microRNAs (miRs), miR-335-5p and miR-26b-5p, as being modulated by Spike and ACE together with histone deacetylate (HDAC) pathway. Notably, our results identified ACE/ACE2-ATR1-Cholesterol-HDAC axis signals that also matched with some available clinical data. We hypothesize that the current and EMA-approved, SARS-CoV-2 off-label HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) drugs may be repurposed to limit or block host-virus interactions. Moreover, a ranked list of compounds is provided for further evaluation for safety, efficacy, and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Teodori
- Diagnostics and Metrology Laboratory, FSN-TECFIS-DIM, ENEA Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Valeria Madiai
- Diagnostics and Metrology Laboratory, FSN-TECFIS-DIM, ENEA Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - Sofia Coppari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Daniele Fraternale
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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16
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Tuck CJ, De Palma G, Takami K, Brant B, Caminero A, Reed DE, Muir JG, Gibson PR, Winterborn A, Verdu EF, Bercik P, Vanner S. Nutritional profile of rodent diets impacts experimental reproducibility in microbiome preclinical research. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17784. [PMID: 33082369 PMCID: PMC7575541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of reproducibility of animal experimental results between laboratories, particularly in studies investigating the microbiota, has raised concern among the scientific community. Factors such as environment, stress and sex have been identified as contributors, whereas dietary composition has received less attention. This study firstly evaluated the use of commercially available rodent diets across research institutions, with 28 different diets reported by 45 survey respondents. Secondly, highly variable ingredient, FODMAP (Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, Mono-saccharides And Polyols) and gluten content was found between different commercially available rodent diets. Finally, 40 mice were randomized to four groups, each receiving a different commercially available rodent diet, and the dietary impact on cecal microbiota, short- and branched-chain fatty acid profiles was evaluated. The gut microbiota composition differed significantly between diets and sexes, with significantly different clusters in β-diversity. Total BCFA were highest (p = 0.01) and SCFA were lowest (p = 0.03) in mice fed a diet lower in FODMAPs and gluten. These results suggest that nutritional composition of commercially available rodent diets impact gut microbiota profiles and fermentation patterns, with major implications for the reproducibility of results across laboratories. However, further studies are required to elucidate the specific dietary factors driving these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Tuck
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
| | - G De Palma
- Farncombe Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - K Takami
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - B Brant
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - A Caminero
- Farncombe Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - D E Reed
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - J G Muir
- Department of Gastroenterology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P R Gibson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Winterborn
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - E F Verdu
- Farncombe Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - P Bercik
- Farncombe Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S Vanner
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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17
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The Multi-Omics Architecture of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102301. [PMID: 33076506 PMCID: PMC7602566 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is highly heterogeneous in terms of etiology and clinical presentation with ambiguity in JIA classification. The advance of high-throughput omics technologies in recent years has gained us significant knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of JIA. Besides a minor proportion of JIA cases as monogenic, most JIA cases are polygenic disease caused by autoimmune mechanisms. A number of HLA alleles (including both HLA class I and class II genes), and 23 non-HLA genetic loci have been identified of association with different JIA subtypes. Omics technologies, i.e., transcriptome profiling and epigenomic analysis, contributed significant knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of JIA in addition to the genetic approach. New molecular knowledge on different JIA subtypes enables us to reconsider the JIA classification, but also highlights novel therapeutic targets to develop a cure for the devastating JIA.
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18
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Kim S, Santhanam S, Lim S, Choi J. Targeting Histone Deacetylases to Modulate Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Graft-Versus-Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124281. [PMID: 32560120 PMCID: PMC7349873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the main therapeutic strategy for patients with both malignant and nonmalignant disorders. The therapeutic benefits of allo-HSCT in malignant disorders are primarily derived from the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect, in which T cells in the donor graft recognize and eradicate residual malignant cells. However, the same donor T cells can also recognize normal host tissues as foreign, leading to the development of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), which is difficult to separate from GvL and is the most frequent and serious complication following allo-HSCT. Inhibition of donor T cell toxicity helps in reducing GvHD but also restricts GvL activity. Therefore, developing a novel therapeutic strategy that selectively suppresses GvHD without affecting GvL is essential. Recent studies have shown that inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) not only inhibits the growth of tumor cells but also regulates the cytotoxic activity of T cells. Here, we compile the known therapeutic potential of HDAC inhibitors in preventing several stages of GvHD pathogenesis. Furthermore, we will also review the current clinical features of HDAC inhibitors in preventing and treating GvHD as well as maintaining GvL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Kim
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (J.C.)
| | | | - Sora Lim
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Jaebok Choi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (J.C.)
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19
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Histone Deacetylation Inhibitors as Modulators of Regulatory T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072356. [PMID: 32235291 PMCID: PMC7177531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important mediators of immunological self-tolerance and homeostasis. Being cluster of differentiation 4+Forkhead box protein3+ (CD4+FOXP3+), these cells are a subset of CD4+ T lymphocytes and can originate from the thymus (tTregs) or from the periphery (pTregs). The malfunction of CD4+ Tregs is associated with autoimmune responses such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes (T1D), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and transplant rejection. Recent evidence supports an opposed role in sepsis. Therefore, maintaining functional Tregs is considered as a therapy regimen to prevent autoimmunity and allograft rejection, whereas blocking Treg differentiation might be favorable in sepsis patients. It has been shown that Tregs can be generated from conventional naïve T cells, called iTregs, due to their induced differentiation. Moreover, Tregs can be effectively expanded in vitro based on blood-derived tTregs. Taking into consideration that the suppressive role of Tregs has been mainly attributed to the expression and function of the transcription factor Foxp3, modulating its expression and binding to the promoter regions of target genes by altering the chromatin histone acetylation state may turn out beneficial. Hence, we discuss the role of histone deacetylation inhibitors as epigenetic modulators of Tregs in this review in detail.
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20
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Catinean A, Neag MA, Mitre AO, Bocsan CI, Buzoianu AD. Microbiota and Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases-An Overview. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7090279. [PMID: 31438634 PMCID: PMC6781142 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, increased attention has been paid to the relationship between microbiota and various diseases, especially immune-mediated diseases. Because conventional therapy for many autoimmune diseases is limited both in efficacy and safety, there is an increased interest in identifying nutraceuticals, particularly probiotics, able to modulate the microbiota and ameliorate these diseases. In this review, we analyzed the research focused on the role of gut microbiota and skin in immunity, their role in immune-mediated skin diseases (IMSDs), and the beneficial effect of probiotics in patients with this pathology. We selected articles published between 2009 and 2019 in PubMed and ScienceDirect that provided information regarding microbiota, IMSDs and the role of probiotics in these diseases. We included results from different types of studies including observational and interventional clinical trials or in vivo and in vitro experimental studies. Our results showed that probiotics have a beneficial effect in changing the microbiota of patients with IMSDs; they also influence disease progression. Further studies are needed to better understand the impact of new therapies on intestinal microbiota. It is also important to determine whether the microbiota of patients with autoimmune diseases can be manipulated in order to restore homeostasis of the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Catinean
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Adriana Neag
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Andrei Otto Mitre
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina Ioana Bocsan
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Dana Buzoianu
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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