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Ding Q, Liu X, Zhang S, Chai G, Ma S, Sun S, Shen L, Gao Y, Ding C, Zhao T, Liu W. Chitosan-modified dihydromyricetin liposomes promote the repair of liver injury in mice suffering from diabetes mellitus. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133040. [PMID: 38857721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Liver injury caused by type-II diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public-health concern worldwide. We used chitosan (CS) to modify dihydromyricetin (DHM)-loaded liposomes (DL) through charge interaction. The effect of CS-modified DL (CDL) on liver injury in mice suffering from DM was investigated in vivo and in vitro. CDL exhibited superior antioxidant capacity and stability. Pharmacokinetic analyses revealed a 3.23- and 1.92-fold increase in the drug concentration-time curve (953.60 ± 122.55 ng/mL/h) in the CDL-treated group as opposed to the DHM-treated group (295.15 ± 25.53 ng/mL/h) and DL-treated group (495.31 ± 65.21 ng/mL/h). The maximum drug concentration in blood (Tmax) of the CDL group saw a 2.26- and 1.21-fold increase compared with that in DHM and DL groups. We observed a 1.49- and 1.31-fold increase in the maximum drug concentration in blood (Cmax) in the CDL group compared with that in DHM and DL groups. Western blotting suggested that CDL could alleviate liver injury in mice suffering from DM by modulating inflammatory factors and the transforming growth factor-β1/Smad2/Smad3 signaling pathway. In conclusion, modification of liposomes using CS is a viable approach to address the limitations of conventional liposomes and insoluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiteng Ding
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Guodong Chai
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuang Ma
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuwen Sun
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Liqian Shen
- Jilin Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linjiang 134600, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Jilin Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Linjiang 134600, China
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China; Scientific and Technological Innovation Center of Health Products and Medical Materials with Characteristic Resources of Jilin Province, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China.
| | - Wencong Liu
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuzhou University, Wuzhou 543002, China.
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Ruan Y, Xu C, Zhang T, Zhu L, Wang H, Wang J, Zhu H, Huang C, Pan M. Single-Cell Profiling Unveils the Inflammatory Heterogeneity within Cutaneous Lesions of Bullous Pemphigoid. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00209-4. [PMID: 38537929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a subepidermal blistering skin disease with a complex pathogenesis involving various immune cells. However, the transcriptional features of these cells remain poorly defined. In this study, we constructed a comprehensive and single-cell resolution atlas of various immune cells within BP skin lesions through integrative single-cell analysis, flow cytometry, and multiplex immunohistochemistry. We observed prominent expansion and transcriptional changes in mast cells, macrophages, basophils, and neutrophils within BP lesions. Mast cells within the lesions adopted an active state and exhibited an elevated capacity for producing proinflammatory mediators. We observed an imbalance of macrophages/dendritic cells within BP lesions. Two macrophage subpopulations (NLRP3+ and C1q+) with distinct transcriptional profiles were identified and upregulated effector programs. T-peripheral helper-like T helper 2 cells were expanded in skin lesions and peripheral blood of patients with BP and were capable of promoting B-cell responses. In addition, we observed clonally expanded granzyme B-positive CD8+ T cells within BP lesions. Chemokine receptor mapping revealed the potential roles of macrophages and mast cells in recruiting pathogenic immune cells and underlying mechanisms within BP lesions. Thus, this study reveals key immune pathogenic features of BP lesions, thereby providing valuable insights for potential therapeutic interventions in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ruan
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuqiao Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiqin Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanxin Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Meng Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Morimoto T, Hirata H, Sugita K, Paholpak P, Kobayashi T, Tanaka T, Kato K, Tsukamoto M, Umeki S, Toda Y, Mawatari M. A view on the skin-bone axis: unraveling similarities and potential of crosstalk. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1360483. [PMID: 38500951 PMCID: PMC10944977 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1360483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The phrase "skin as a mirror of internal medicine," which means that the skin reflects many of the diseases of the internal organs, is a well-known notion. Despite the phenotypic differences between the soft skin and hard bone, the skin and bone are highly associated. Skin and bone consist of fibroblasts and osteoblasts, respectively, which secrete collagen and are involved in synthesis, while Langerhans cells and osteoclasts control turnover. Moreover, the quality and quantity of collagen in the skin and bone may be modified by aging, inflammation, estrogen, diabetes, and glucocorticoids. Skin and bone collagen are pathologically modified by aging, drugs, and metabolic diseases, such as diabetes. The structural similarities between the skin and bone and the crosstalk controlling their mutual pathological effects have led to the advocacy of the skin-bone axis. Thus, the skin may mirror the health of the bones and conversely, the condition of the skin may be reflected in the bones. From the perspective of the skin-bone axis, the similarities between skin and bone anatomy, function, and pathology, as well as the crosstalk between the two, are discussed in this review. A thorough elucidation of the pathways governing the skin-bone axis crosstalk would enhance our understanding of disease pathophysiology, facilitating the development of new diagnostics and therapies for skin collagen-induced bone disease and of new osteoporosis diagnostics and therapies that enhance skin collagen to increase bone quality and density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadatsugu Morimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hirohito Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Kazunari Sugita
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Permsak Paholpak
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Takaomi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kinshi Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Tsukamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shun Umeki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yu Toda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mawatari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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Chen HC, Wang CW, Toh WH, Lee HE, Chung WH, Chen CB. Advancing Treatment in Bullous Pemphigoid: A Comprehensive Review of Novel Therapeutic Targets and Approaches. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2023; 65:331-353. [PMID: 37897588 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-023-08973-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid is one of the most common autoimmune bullous diseases occurring primarily in the elderly. Pathogenic autoantibodies against BP180 and BP230 at the dermal-epidermal junction cause subepidermal blisters, erosions, and intense pruritus, all of which adversely affect the patients' quality of life and may increase their morbidity and mortality. Current systemic treatment options for bullous pemphigoid are limited to corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, which can have substantial side effects on these vulnerable patients that even exceed their therapeutic benefits. Therefore, more precisely, targeting therapies to the pathogenic cells and molecules in bullous pemphigoid is an urgent issue. In this review, we describe the pathophysiology of bullous pemphigoid, focusing on autoantibodies, complements, eosinophils, neutrophils, proteases, and the T helper 2 and 17 axes since they are crucial in promoting proinflammatory environments. We also highlight the emerging therapeutic targets for bullous pemphigoid and their latest discoveries in clinical trials or experimental studies. Further well-designed studies are required to establish the efficacy and safety of these prospective therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Chi Chen
- Department of Medical Education, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuang-Wei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Chang Gung Allergology Consortium, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Wu Han Toh
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hua-En Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Chang Gung Allergology Consortium, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China.
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Immune-Oncology Center of Excellence, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tsinghua Chang Gung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Dermatology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Bing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Chang Gung Allergology Consortium, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China.
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Immune-Oncology Center of Excellence, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
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Cole C, Amber KT. Two patients with concomitant bullous pemphigoid and psoriasis successfully treated by IL-23 inhibition. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:e1339-e1340. [PMID: 37421297 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Connor Cole
- Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kyle T Amber
- Department of Dermatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Khilwani R, Singh S. Systems Biology and Cytokines Potential Role in Lung Cancer Immunotherapy Targeting Autophagic Axis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2706. [PMID: 37893079 PMCID: PMC10604646 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer accounts for the highest number of deaths among men and women worldwide. Although extensive therapies, either alone or in conjunction with some specific drugs, continue to be the principal regimen for evolving lung cancer, significant improvements are still needed to understand the inherent biology behind progressive inflammation and its detection. Unfortunately, despite every advancement in its treatment, lung cancer patients display different growth mechanisms and continue to die at significant rates. Autophagy, which is a physiological defense mechanism, serves to meet the energy demands of nutrient-deprived cancer cells and sustain the tumor cells under stressed conditions. In contrast, autophagy is believed to play a dual role during different stages of tumorigenesis. During early stages, it acts as a tumor suppressor, degrading oncogenic proteins; however, during later stages, autophagy supports tumor cell survival by minimizing stress in the tumor microenvironment. The pivotal role of the IL6-IL17-IL23 signaling axis has been observed to trigger autophagic events in lung cancer patients. Since the obvious roles of autophagy are a result of different immune signaling cascades, systems biology can be an effective tool to understand these interconnections and enhance cancer treatment and immunotherapy. In this review, we focus on how systems biology can be exploited to target autophagic processes that resolve inflammatory responses and contribute to better treatment in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shailza Singh
- Systems Medicine Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, SPPU Campus, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411007, India;
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Yuan Q, Yang W, Zhang X. Immune cells in pemphigus vulgaris and bullous Pemphigoid: From pathogenic roles to targeting therapies. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110694. [PMID: 37523970 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and bullous pemphigoid (BP) are two major subtypes of autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBD), characterized by blisters and erosions of skin and/or mucous membranes with dysregulated immune activity. Current literature established that T and B cells are the main executors of PV and BP. Emerging evidence revealed that macrophages and related cytokines also contribute to these diseases. While the role of lymphocytes on PV and BP is well established, the definitive functions of macrophages in disease progression are not fully understood. Furthermore, current status of clinical trials targeting immune cells is poorly recapitulated in PV and BP. In this review, we summarized current knowledge in this rapidly advancing field, with emphasis on the individual functions of immune cells and their interactions, as well as ongoing clinical trials targeting immune cells, to provide novel insights in mechanistic understanding and clinical management of PV and BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wanchun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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8
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Schinner J, Cunha T, Mayer JU, Hörster S, Kind P, Didona D, Keber C, Hertl M, Worzfeld T, Juratli HA. Skin-infiltrating T cells display distinct inflammatory signatures in lichen planus, bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1203776. [PMID: 37415985 PMCID: PMC10321708 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1203776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction We here thought to dissect the inflammatory signature in lesions of three skin disorders, which show a common adaptive immune response against autoantigens of the skin but are characterized by diverging clinical phenotypes. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and bullous pemphigoid (BP) are type-2-dependent, IgG autoantibody-driven blistering disorders of mucous membranes and skin, which target desmoglein (Dsg)3 and bullous pemphigoid (BP)180, respectively. In contrast, lichen planus (LP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membranes with a pronounced dermal T cell infiltrate. We previously identified peripheral type 1 and 17 T cell responses against Dsg3 and BP180 in a cohort of LP patients strongly suggesting that the underlying inflammatory T cell signature may drive the evolving phenotype. Methods Paraffin-embedded skin biopsies from well-characterized patients with LP (n=31), BP (n=19), PV (n=9), and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) (n=2) were analysed. Areas with the most prominent inflammatory infiltrate were excised with punch biopsies and tissue microarrays (TMA) containing multiple biopsies were created. Using multicolor immunofluorescence, the inflammatory infiltrate was stained with antibodies against multiple cellular markers, i. e. CD3ϵ, CD4, CD15, TCR-δ, the cytokine IL-17A, and the transcription factors, T-bet and GATA-3. Results In LP, there was a higher number of CD4+ T cells expressing T-bet compared to GATA-3. In contrast, CD4+ T cells in PV and BP skin lesions more frequently expressed GATA-3 than T-bet. IL-17A+ cells and IL-17A+ T cells were found to a similar extent in all the three disorders. IL-17A+ granulocytes were more predominant in BP than in LP or PV. Of note, the majority of IL-17A+ cells in LP were neither T cells nor granulocytes. Discussion Our findings in inflammatory skin infiltrates clearly show a predominant type 1 signature in LP in contrast to a preponderance of type 2 T cells in PV and BP. In contrast to LP, granulocytes and to a much lesser extent CD3+ T cells were a cellular source of IL-17A in BP and PV. These data strongly suggest that different inflammatory cell signatures drive evolving clinically diverse phenotypes of LP, PV and BP despite common target antigens of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jona Schinner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tomas Cunha
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Johannes U Mayer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Kind
- Laboratory for Dermatohistology, Offenbach am Main, Germany
| | - Dario Didona
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Keber
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Hertl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Worzfeld
- Institute of Pharmacology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hazem A Juratli
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Pathology Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Fetter T, de Graaf DM, Claus I, Wenzel J. Aberrant inflammasome activation as a driving force of human autoimmune skin disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1190388. [PMID: 37325658 PMCID: PMC10266227 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune skin diseases are understood as conditions in which the adaptive immune system with autoantigen-specific T cells and autoantibody-producing B cells reacting against self-tissues plays a crucial pathogenic role. However, there is increasing evidence that inflammasomes, which are large multiprotein complexes that were first described 20 years ago, contribute to autoimmune disease progression. The inflammasome and its contribution to the bioactivation of interleukins IL-1β and IL-18 play an essential role in combating foreign pathogens or tissue damage, but may also act as a pathogenic driver of myriad chronic inflammatory diseases when dysfunctionally regulated. Inflammasomes containing the NOD-like receptor family members NLRP1 and NLRP3 as well as the AIM2-like receptor family member AIM2 have been increasingly investigated in inflammatory skin conditions. In addition to autoinflammatory diseases, which are often associated with skin involvement, the aberrant activation of the inflammasome has also been implied in autoimmune diseases that can either affect the skin besides other organs such as systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis or are isolated to the skin in humans. The latter include, among others, the T-cell mediated disorders vitiligo, alopecia areata, lichen planus and cutaneous lupus erythematosus as well as the autoantibody-driven blistering skin disease bullous pemphigoid. Some diseases are characterized by both autoinflammatory and autoimmune responses such as the chronic inflammatory skin disease psoriasis. Further insights into inflammasome dysregulation and associated pathways as well as their role in forming adaptive immune responses in human autoimmune skin pathology could potentially offer a new field of therapeutic options in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Fetter
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Isabelle Claus
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joerg Wenzel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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10
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Marques-Piubelli ML, Seervai RNH, Mudaliar KM, Ma W, Milton DR, Wang J, Muhlbauer A, Parra ER, Solis LM, Nagarajan P, Speiser J, Hudgens C, Cho WC, Aung PP, Patel A, Pacha O, Nelson KC, Tetzlaff MT, Amaria RN, Torres-Cabala CA, Prieto VG, Wistuba II, Curry JL. Gene expression profiling and multiplex immunofluorescence analysis of bullous pemphigoid immune-related adverse event reveal upregulation of toll-like receptor 4/complement-induced innate immune response and increased density of T H 1 T-cells. J Cutan Pathol 2023. [PMID: 37150813 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based cancer therapies cause a variety of cutaneous immune-related adverse events (irAEs) including immunobullous skin eruptions like bullous pemphigoid (BP). However, little is known about the underlying immunopathogenic drivers of these reactions, and understanding the unique gene expression profile and immune composition of BP-irAE remains a critical knowledge gap in the field of oncodermatology/oncodermatopathology. METHODS BP-irAE (n = 8) and de novo BP control (n = 8) biopsy samples were subjected to gene expression profiling using the NanoString® Technologies nCounter PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel. Multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) studies using markers for T-cells (CD3 and CD8), T helper 1 (TH 1) cells (Tbet), TH 2 cells (Gata3), TH 17 cells (RORγT), and regulatory T-cells (Tregs; FoxP3) were further evaluated using InForm® image analysis. RESULTS Compared with de novo BP controls, BP-irAE samples exhibited upregulation of 30 mRNA transcripts (p < 0.025), including toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and genes associated with complement activation, and downregulation of 89 mRNA transcripts (p < 0.025), including genes associated with TH 2, TH 17, and B-cell immune response. BP-irAE demonstrated a greater density of Tbet+ (TH 1) cells in the dermis (p = 0.004) and fewer Tregs in the blister floor (p = 0.028) when compared with that of de novo control BP samples. CONCLUSIONS BP-irAE exhibited activation of the TLR4/complement-driven classical innate immune response pathway, with dermal TH 1 immune cell polarization and decreased Tregs in the blister floor. TLR/complement signaling may underlie the immunopathogenesis of BP-irAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario L Marques-Piubelli
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Riyad N H Seervai
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Kumaran M Mudaliar
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Wencai Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Denái R Milton
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aaron Muhlbauer
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Edwin R Parra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Luisa M Solis
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Priyadharsini Nagarajan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jodi Speiser
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Courtney Hudgens
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Woo Cheal Cho
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Phyu P Aung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anisha Patel
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Omar Pacha
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kelly C Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael T Tetzlaff
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Oral Pathology and Dermatopathology Unit, The University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rodabe N Amaria
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carlos A Torres-Cabala
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Victor G Prieto
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan L Curry
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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11
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Nayak SS, Naidu A, Sudhakaran SL, Vino S, Selvaraj G. Prospects of Novel and Repurposed Immunomodulatory Drugs against Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Associated with COVID-19 Disease. J Pers Med 2023; 13:664. [PMID: 37109050 PMCID: PMC10142859 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is intricately linked with SARS-CoV-2-associated disease severity and mortality, especially in patients with co-morbidities. Lung tissue injury caused as a consequence of ARDS leads to fluid build-up in the alveolar sacs, which in turn affects oxygen supply from the capillaries. ARDS is a result of a hyperinflammatory, non-specific local immune response (cytokine storm), which is aggravated as the virus evades and meddles with protective anti-viral innate immune responses. Treatment and management of ARDS remain a major challenge, first, because the condition develops as the virus keeps replicating and, therefore, immunomodulatory drugs are required to be used with caution. Second, the hyperinflammatory responses observed during ARDS are quite heterogeneous and dependent on the stage of the disease and the clinical history of the patients. In this review, we present different anti-rheumatic drugs, natural compounds, monoclonal antibodies, and RNA therapeutics and discuss their application in the management of ARDS. We also discuss on the suitability of each of these drug classes at different stages of the disease. In the last section, we discuss the potential applications of advanced computational approaches in identifying reliable drug targets and in screening out credible lead compounds against ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smruti Sudha Nayak
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Akshayata Naidu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sajitha Lulu Sudhakaran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundararajan Vino
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gurudeeban Selvaraj
- Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University-Loyola Campus, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
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12
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Maglie R, Mercurio L, Morelli M, Madonna S, Salemme A, Baffa ME, Quintarelli L, Di Zenzo GM, Antiga E, Albanesi C. Interleukin-36 cytokines are overexpressed in the skin and sera of patients with bullous pemphigoid. Exp Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 36940975 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune bullous disease, characterized by autoantibodies targeting BP180 and BP230. The role of interleukin (IL)-36, a potent chemoattractant for granulocytes, in BP remains elusive.The expression of IL-36 cytokines (IL-36α, β, γ) and their antagonists (IL-36Ra and IL-38) was analysed in the skin and serum samples of patients with BP (n = 31), psoriasis (n = 10) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 14) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Skin and serum levels of all cytokines were correlated with the Bullous Pemphigoid Disease Area Index (BPDAI) score and with the serum concentration of pathogenic antibodies.IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ and IL-36Ra were significantly (p < 0.05) overexpressed in BP skin compared to HC, without remarkable differences relative to psoriasis skin. The expression of IL-38 was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in BP compared to psoriasis skin.IL-36α and γ, but not β, serum concentrations were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in BP compared to HC. IL-36γ was significantly (p < 0.05) more expressed in the serum of psoriasis patients than BP. The serum concentration of IL-36Ra and IL-38 were similar between BP and HC, while IL-38 serum levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in BP compared to psoriasis patients. Serum IL-36α correlated significantly with BPDAI (r = 0.5 p = 0.001).IL-36 agonists are increased in BP patients, both locally and systemically. Serum IL-36α might represent a potential biomarker for BP. An inefficient balance between IL-36 agonists and antagonists is likely to occur during BP inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Maglie
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Mercurio
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Morelli
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Madonna
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Adele Salemme
- Molecular and Cell Biology laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Maria E Baffa
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lavinia Quintarelli
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni M Di Zenzo
- Molecular and Cell Biology laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Antiga
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Albanesi
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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13
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Maglie R, Solimani F, Didona D, Pipitò C, Antiga E, Di Zenzo G. The cytokine milieu of bullous pemphigoid: Current and novel therapeutic targets. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1128154. [PMID: 36814775 PMCID: PMC9939461 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1128154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune bullous disease, characterized by severe pruritus and skin blistering. The loss of tolerance against Collagen XVII, also referred to as BP180, is the main pathogenic event of BP, leading to production of IgG autoantibodies which mainly target the juxtamembranous extracellular non-collagenous 16th A (NC16A) domain of BP180. A complex inflammatory network is activated upon autoantibody binding to the basement membrane zone; this inflammatory loop involves the complement cascade and the release of several inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and proteases from keratinocytes, lymphocytes, mast cells and granulocytes. Collectively, these events disrupt the integrity of the dermal-epidermal junction, leading to subepidermal blistering. Recent advances have led to identify novel therapeutic targets for BP, whose management is mainly based on the long-term use of topical and systemic corticosteroids. As an example, targeting type-2 T-helper cell-associated cytokines, such as Interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 has shown meaningful clinical efficacy in case series and studies; targeting IL-17 and IL-23 has also been tried, owing to an important role of these cytokines in the chronic maintenance phase of BP. In this review article, we discuss the complex cytokine milieu that characterized BP inflammation, highlighting molecules, which are currently investigated as present and future therapeutic targets for this life-threatening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Maglie
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Farzan Solimani
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dario Didona
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Carlo Pipitò
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Emiliano Antiga
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Zenzo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata (IDI)-IRCCS, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Giovanni Di Zenzo,
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14
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Tuusa J, Kokkonen N, Mattila A, Huilaja L, Varpuluoma O, Rannikko S, Glumoff V, Miettunen J, Tasanen K. Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor‒Associated Bullous Pemphigoid Is Characterized by an Altered Expression of Cytokines in the Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:78-86.e12. [PMID: 35921900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4is), commonly used drugs for treatment of type 2 diabetes, increase the risk for bullous pemphigoid (BP). Currently, the mechanism leading to the loss of immunological tolerance of the cutaneous adhesion molecule BP180 as well as similarities and differences in disease progression between DPP4i-associated BP (DPP4i-BP) and DPP4i-independent regular BP are largely unknown. We analyzed the expression of 32 cytokines and two proteases by Luminex and ELISA assays in samples taken from lesional and nonlesional skin of patients with regular BP or DPP4i-BP and healthy controls. Cytokines mediating B-cell survival and targeting such as BAFF, CCL4, CXCL12, and IL-6 were expressed at a higher level in the lesional regular BP skin than the levels in the lesional DPP4i-BP skin. The DPP4i-BP samples had increased levels of eosinophilic cytokines CCL1, CCL17, CCL26, and IL-5, which correlated with the serum level of anti-BP180 NC16A IgG autoantibodies. The mRNA expression of BAFF, IL6, CCL1, CCL17, CCL26, and IL5 measured by qPCR correlated with the protein levels. Taken together, the cutaneous cytokine profiles were found to provide distinctive molecular fingerprints between regular BP and DPP4i-BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussi Tuusa
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Dermatology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nina Kokkonen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Dermatology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anja Mattila
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Dermatology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Laura Huilaja
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Dermatology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Varpuluoma
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Dermatology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sirpa Rannikko
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Medical Research Center, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Virpi Glumoff
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Medical Research Center, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouko Miettunen
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kaisa Tasanen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Dermatology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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15
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Lindgren O, Le Menn G, Tuusa J, Chen ZJ, Tasanen K, Kokkonen N. Absence of NC14A Domain of COLXVII/BP180 in Mice Results in IL-17‒Associated Skin Inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:48-56.e7. [PMID: 35985497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The deletion of exon 18 from Col17a1 in transgenic ΔNC14A mice results in the absence of the NC14A domain. NC14A corresponds to the human NC16A domain, the immunodominant epitope in bullous pemphigoid. Before the age of 1 year, 84% of ΔNC14A mice have developed severe itch and skin erosion. Further characterization of mice with mutated CoLXVII (Bp180) revealed acanthosis; subepidermal blistering; and inflammatory cell infiltrates, especially neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells in the lesional skin. Direct immunofluorescence analysis detected linear complement C3, IgG, and/or IgA deposition in the dermo‒epidermal junction of symptomatic ΔNC14A mice. Elevated gene expression of IL-17‒associated cytokines was detected in the lesional skin. An increased proportion of dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and NK cells and a decrease of T cells were found in both the spleen and lymph nodes of symptomatic ΔNC14A mice. The proportions of B cells and regulatory T cells were increased in lymph nodes. An 8-week treatment with an anti‒IL-17A decreased the expression of Il6, Il23a, and Cxcl1 in the nonlesional skin. Our results suggest that the absence of the NC14A domain of CoLXVII in mice causes an autoimmune response against the cutaneous basement membrane and manifests as an IL-17‒associated inflammation in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Outi Lindgren
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Pathology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Gwenaëlle Le Menn
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jussi Tuusa
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zhi Jane Chen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kaisa Tasanen
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Nina Kokkonen
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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16
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The Intriguing Links between Psoriasis and Bullous Pemphigoid. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010328. [PMID: 36615129 PMCID: PMC9821109 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The coexistence of psoriasis with autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs), particularly bullous pemphigoid (BP), has been documented in case reports and series, as well as in epidemiological studies. The onset of psoriasis precedes that of BP in the majority of cases. Patients with concomitant BP and psoriasis are generally younger at the onset of BP and present with fewer erosions and blisters as compared with patients suffering from isolated BP. Intriguingly, it has been speculated that some BP cases with comorbid psoriasis can actually correspond to anti-laminin gamma-1 pemphigoid, a rare form that was recently recognized as a distinct entity and which can mimic BP and/or other subepidermal AIBDs. The pathomechanisms underlying the BP-psoriasis association have not yet been identified, although several hypotheses have been proposed. The most credited among such hypotheses involves the so-called "epitope spreading" phenomenon, with tissue injury secondary to a primary inflammatory process (i.e., psoriasis) leading to the exposure of sequestered antigens evoking a secondary autoimmune disease (i.e., bullous pemphigoid). This narrative review aims to give a brief overview of the association between psoriasis and BP, examining epidemiological, clinical, and immunopathological features, the pathomechanisms underlying this association, the treatments for psoriasis incriminated as potential triggers of BP, and the therapeutic management of patients with psoriasis and BP.
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17
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Xu Q, Sun W, Zhang J, Mei Y, Bao J, Hou S, Zhou X, Mao L. Inflammasome-targeting natural compounds in inflammatory bowel disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Front Immunol 2022; 13:963291. [PMID: 36090968 PMCID: PMC9451542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.963291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), mainly including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, seriously affects human health and causes substantial social and economic burden. The pathogenesis of IBD is still not fully elucidated, whereas recent studies have demonstrated that its development is associated with the dysfunction of intestinal immune system. Accumulating evidence have proven that inflammasomes such as NLRP3 and NLRP6 play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Thus, regulating the activation of inflammasomes have been considered to be a promising strategy in IBD treatment. A number of recent studies have provided evidence that blocking inflammasome related cytokine IL-1β can benefit a group of IBD patients with overactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome. However, therapies for targeting inflammasomes with high efficacy and safety are rare. Traditional medical practice provides numerous medical compounds that may have a role in treatment of various human diseases including IBD. Recent studies demonstrated that numerous medicinal herb derived compounds can efficiently prevent colon inflammation in animal models by targeting inflammasomes. Herein, we summarize the main findings of these studies focusing on the effects of traditional medicine derived compounds on colitis treatment and the underlying mechanisms in regulating the inflammasomes. On this basis, we provide a perspective for future studies regarding strategies to improve the efficacy, specificity and safety of available herbal compounds, and to discover new compounds using the emerging new technologies, which will improve our understanding about the roles and mechanisms of herbal compounds in the regulation of inflammasomes and treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Weichen Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Youmin Mei
- Department of Periodontology, Nantong Stomatological Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Jingyin Bao
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shengping Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Liming Mao, ; Xiaorong Zhou, ; Shengping Hou,
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Liming Mao, ; Xiaorong Zhou, ; Shengping Hou,
| | - Liming Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Liming Mao, ; Xiaorong Zhou, ; Shengping Hou,
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18
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Challagundla N, Saha B, Agrawal-Rajput R. Insights into inflammasome regulation: cellular, molecular, and pathogenic control of inflammasome activation. Immunol Res 2022; 70:578-606. [PMID: 35610534 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of immune homeostasis is an intricate process wherein inflammasomes play a pivotal role by contributing to innate and adaptive immune responses. Inflammasomes are ensembles of adaptor proteins that can trigger a signal following innate sensing of pathogens or non-pathogens eventuating in the inductions of IL-1β and IL-18. These inflammatory cytokines substantially influence the antigen-presenting cell's costimulatory functions and T helper cell differentiation, contributing to adaptive immunity. As acute and chronic disease conditions may accompany parallel tissue damage, we analyze the critical role of extracellular factors such as cytokines, amyloids, cholesterol crystals, etc., intracellular metabolites, and signaling molecules regulating inflammasome activation/inhibition. We develop an operative framework for inflammasome function and regulation by host cell factors and pathogens. While inflammasomes influence the innate and adaptive immune components' interplay modulating the anti-pathogen adaptive immune response, pathogens may target inflammasome inhibition as a survival strategy. As trapped between health and diseases, inflammasomes serve as promising therapeutic targets and their modus operandi serves as a scientific rationale for devising better therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Challagundla
- Immunology lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science, Lab-5, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Reena Agrawal-Rajput
- Immunology lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India.
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19
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Zou J, Zheng Y, Huang Y, Tang D, Kang R, Chen R. The Versatile Gasdermin Family: Their Function and Roles in Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:751533. [PMID: 34858408 PMCID: PMC8632255 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.751533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The gasdermin (GSDM) family, a novel group of structure-related proteins, consists of GSDMA, GSDMB, GSDMC, GSDMD, GSDME/DNFA5, and PVJK/GSDMF. GSDMs possess a C-terminal repressor domain, cytotoxic N-terminal domain, and flexible linker domain (except for GSDMF). The GSDM-NT domain can be cleaved and released to form large oligomeric pores in the membrane that facilitate pyroptosis. The emerging roles of GSDMs include the regulation of various physiological and pathological processes, such as cell differentiation, coagulation, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. Here, we introduce the basic structure, activation, and expression patterns of GSDMs, summarize their biological and pathological functions, and explore their regulatory mechanisms in health and disease. This review provides a reference for the development of GSDM-targeted drugs to treat various inflammatory and tissue damage-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Zou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yixiang Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Ruochan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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A Scoping Review of the Role of Metalloproteinases in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Pemphigus and Pemphigoid. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101506. [PMID: 34680139 PMCID: PMC8533820 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemphigus and pemphigoid diseases are potentially life-threatening autoimmune blistering disorders that are characterized by intraepithelial and subepithelial blister formation, respectively. In both disease groups, skin and/or mucosal blistering develop as a result of a disruption of intercellular adhesion (pemphigus) and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion (pemphigoid). Given that metalloproteinases can target cell adhesion molecules, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of these enzymes in the pathogenesis of these bullous dermatoses. Studies examining MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) and the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) family of proteases in pemphigus and pemphigoid were selected from articles published in the repository of the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE/PubMed) and bioRxiv. Multiple phases of screening were conducted, and relevant data were extracted and tabulated, with 29 articles included in the final qualitative analysis. The majority of the literature investigated the role of specific components of the MMP family primarily in bullous pemphigoid (BP) whereas studies that focused on pemphigus were rarer. The most commonly studied metalloproteinase was MMP-9 followed by MMP-2; other MMPs included MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-12 and MMP-13. Molecules related to MMPs were also included, namely, ADAM5, 8, 10, 15, 17, together with TIMP-1 and TIMP-3. The results demonstrated that ADAM10 and MMP-9 activity is necessary for blister formation in experimental models of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and BP, respectively. The data linking MMPs to the pathogenesis of experimental BP were relatively strong but the evidence for involvement of metalloproteinases in PV was more tentative. These molecules represent potential candidates for the development of mechanism-based treatments of these blistering diseases.
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Khalid SN, Khan ZA, Ali MH, Almas T, Khedro T, Raj Nagarajan V. A blistering new era for bullous pemphigoid: A scoping review of current therapies, ongoing clinical trials, and future directions. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 70:102799. [PMID: 34540212 PMCID: PMC8435812 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a severe autoimmune blistering skin disorder that primarily causes disease in the older population and is the most prevalent subepidermal variant of the pemphigoid diseases. It manifests as exquisitely pruritic vesiculobullous eruptions and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Studies are reporting an increase in prevalence, and, among the elderly, BP is no longer considered to be as rare as previously thought. The pathogenesis involves autoantibodies directed against proteinaceous components of hemidesmosomes, with consequent autoimmune destruction of the dermal-epidermal junction. In recent times, more complex elements of the underlying inflammatory orchestra have been elucidated and are being used to develop targeted immunotherapies. The primary treatment modalities of BP include the use of topical and systemic corticosteroids, certain non-immunosuppressive agents (tetracyclines, nicotinamide, and sulfone), and immunosuppressants (methotrexate, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and Mycophenolate). However, in the long term, most of these agents are associated with substantial toxicities while recurrence rates remain high. Such egregious prospects led to significant efforts being directed towards developing newer targeted therapies which work by attenuating specific newly discovered pillars of the inflammatory pathway, and these efforts have garnered hope in providing safer alternatives. Our review focuses on presenting the various therapeutic options that are currently in trial since December 2019, as well as on summarizing presently established treatment guidelines to provide readers with the latest exciting updates. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a severe autoimmune blistering skin disorder that primarily causes disease in the older population and is the most prevalent subepidermal variant of the pemphigoid diseases. In recent times, more complex elements of the underlying inflammatory orchestra have been elucidated and are being used to develop targeted immunotherapies. The present review focuses on presenting the various therapeutic options that are currently in trial since December 2019, as well as on summarizing presently established treatment guidelines to provide readers with the latest exciting updates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subaina Naeem Khalid
- Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeest Ali Khan
- Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamza Ali
- Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Talal Almas
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tarek Khedro
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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22
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Nakai K. Multiple roles of macrophage in skin. J Dermatol Sci 2021; 104:2-10. [PMID: 34493430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
More than 100 years have passed since Elie Metchnikoff discovered macrophage. Over the recent decade, attracting information about macrophage polarization have been reported. This is because many molecules have been identified as markers of macrophage polarization. Additionally, mechanistic insights have been demonstrated by experiments with various stimuli-induced macrophage polarization. Historically and simply, macrophages are divided into M1 (classically activated) and M2 (alternatively activated). However, some of them are not specific yet. Studies in the field of cardiology revealed the plasticity of macrophages and their subsets are divided into details: Mhem, MHb, Mox and M4 macrophages. M2 macrophages were further divided in M2a, M2b, M2c and M2d. There appears to be more phenotypes of macrophages. However, there still lack studies in dermatological field. This review summarizes the spectrum of macrophage activation and finding about various roles of macrophages in the dermatological field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozo Nakai
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Solimani F, Didona D, Li J, Bao L, Patel PM, Gasparini G, Kridin K, Cozzani E, Hertl M, Amber KT. Characterizing the proteome of bullous pemphigoid blister fluid utilizing tandem mass tag labeling coupled with LC-MS/MS. Arch Dermatol Res 2021; 314:921-928. [PMID: 34152480 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-021-02253-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune blistering disease caused by autoantibodies against components of the cutaneous basement membrane zone. Autoantibodies lead to complement-dependent and -independent inflammation and blistering. Blister fluid is a valuable biologic resource, as it provides insight into both systemic and local microenvironment responses. Here, we utilized liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry to characterize the bullous pemphigoid blister fluid proteome. We then depleted exosomes to better understand the exosomal versus non-exosomal proteome. We identified 339 proteins in the blister fluid of bullous pemphigoid patients. Gene ontology demonstrated enrichment of several key biologic processes including innate immune response, neutrophil degranulation, platelet degranulation, and complement activation. Exosome depletion resulted in a significant decrease in normalized reporter intensities of 192 proteins, consistent with our observation of a large number of exosomal proteins found in the blister fluid. We then compared the bullous pemphigoid blister fluid proteome to prior proteomic datasets in suction blister fluid, snake bites, and thermal burns, identifying 76 proteins unique to bullous pemphigoid. These include major basic protein, eosinophil peroxidase, galectin-10, and the immunoglobulin epsilon heavy constant region, consistent with tissue eosinophilia. We lastly validated several previously reported blister fluid exosomal components. Blister fluid in bullous pemphigoid contains a mixture of numerous biologic processes. While many of these processes are shared with blistering from alternative causes, we have identified several notable features unique to bullous pemphigoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzan Solimani
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charitèe-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Dario Didona
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lei Bao
- Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Payal M Patel
- Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Giulia Gasparini
- Department of Health Sciences and Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa, San Martino Policlinic Hospital IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Khalaf Kridin
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Emanuele Cozzani
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa, San Martino Policlinic Hospital IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michael Hertl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kyle T Amber
- Division of Dermatology, Rush University Medical Center, 707 S Wood St. Suite 220, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Ohuchi K, Fujimura T, Lyu C, Amagai R, Muto Y, Aiba S. Possible roles of CXCL13/CXCR5 axis in the development of bullous pemphigoid. J Dermatol 2020; 48:353-359. [PMID: 33264451 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
CXCL13 recruits CXCR5+ follicular helper T (Tfh) cells in inflammatory lesions to develop secondary lymphoid organs. Tfh cells activate B cells to produce antibodies during humoral immune responses. Indeed, as previous reports suggested, CXCR5+ cell numbers were increased in the peripheral blood of bullous pemphigoid (BP) patients when compared with healthy donors, and the ratio of CXCR5+ cells was positively correlated with the anti-BP180-NC16A titers. From the above findings, in this report, we hypothesized that a chemokine related to CXCR5+ cells, namely CXCL13, may play a role in the development of BP. We performed immunohistochemical staining of CXCR5, CXCL13, LL37, CXCL10 and CCL20 for 10 cases of BP and 10 cases of pemphigus vulgaris (PV), and quantitatively analyzed the staining by digital microscopy. Moreover, we investigated the CXCL10 and CXCL13 production in BP and PV patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The immunomodulatory effects of LL37 on the production of T-helper 17-related chemokines were evaluated using monocyte-derived M2 macrophages. Immunohistochemical staining and digital microscopic analysis showed that the ratios of CXCR5+ , CXCL13+ and LL37+ cells in the dermis were significantly higher in BP patients than in PV patients. Notably, the ratio of CXCL13+ cells was positively correlated with the anti-BP180-NC16A titers. Moreover, the serum levels of CXCL13 were positively correlated with the anti-BP180-NC16A titers. Furthermore, CD163+ M2 macrophages stimulated by LL37 in vitro produced CXCL10 and CCL20. In the lesional skin of BP, CD163+ macrophages CXCL10 and CCL20 were produced. The serum levels of CXCL10 were negatively correlated with the anti-BP180-NC16A titers. The present study results indicate that the mechanism of the development of BP may involve the CXCL13/CXCR5-mediated migration of Tfh cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Ohuchi
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taku Fujimura
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chunbing Lyu
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryo Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yusuke Muto
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Setsuya Aiba
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Sirufo MM, De Pietro F, Bassino EM, Ginaldi L, De Martinis M. Osteoporosis in Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4749. [PMID: 32635380 PMCID: PMC7370296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is defined as a generalized skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and an alteration of the microarchitecture that lead to an increase in bone fragility and, therefore, an increased risk of fractures. It must be considered today as a true public health problem and the most widespread metabolic bone disease that affects more than 200 million people worldwide. Under physiological conditions, there is a balance between bone formation and bone resorption necessary for skeletal homeostasis. In pathological situations, this balance is altered in favor of osteoclast (OC)-mediated bone resorption. During chronic inflammation, the balance between bone formation and bone resorption may be considerably affected, contributing to a net prevalence of osteoclastogenesis. Skin diseases are the fourth cause of human disease in the world, affecting approximately one third of the world's population with a prevalence in elderly men. Inflammation and the various associated cytokine patterns are the basis of both osteoporosis and most skin pathologies. Moreover, dermatological patients also undergo local or systemic treatments with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants that could increase the risk of osteoporosis. Therefore, particular attention should be paid to bone health in these patients. The purpose of the present review is to take stock of the knowledge in this still quite unexplored field, despite the frequency of such conditions in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maddalena Sirufo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (F.D.P.); (E.M.B.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca De Pietro
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (F.D.P.); (E.M.B.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Enrica Maria Bassino
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (F.D.P.); (E.M.B.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (F.D.P.); (E.M.B.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (F.D.P.); (E.M.B.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04 64100 Teramo, Italy
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Garrido PM, Queirós CS, Travassos AR, Borges-Costa J, Filipe P. Emerging treatments for bullous pemphigoid. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 33:649-661. [DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1782325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Miguel Garrido
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Soares Queirós
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Travassos
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Borges-Costa
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology Universitary Clinic, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Filipe
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology Universitary Clinic, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Dermatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Gasdermin family: a promising therapeutic target for cancers and inflammation-driven diseases. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 14:293-301. [PMID: 32236886 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00564-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on current advances in researches of gasdermin family. The distinctive expression patterns and biological roles of members in this family were discussed. Most of them exhibit pore-forming activity on cell membranes and are executors for programmed cell death with cytokines release, and play roles in cancers and inflammation-driven diseases. Therefore, they can be used as potential therapeutic targets to treat related diseases.
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Wang D, Duncan B, Li X, Shi J. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in infection-related, immune-mediated and autoimmune skin diseases. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 98:146-151. [PMID: 32173167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are large intracellular multi-protein signaling complexes which are responsible for the activation of inflammatory responses. Among multifarious subtypes of inflammasomes, NLRP3 has been associated with a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune skin conditions, including dermatophytosis, psoriasis, acne, urticaria and bullous pemphigoid and other different skin diseases which have been a subject of intensive investigation. NLRP3 is considered to be a sensor of microbial and other danger signals and plays a crucial role in immune responses, dysregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation is involved in skin diseases. With the in-depth research, targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream signaling will provide new insights into the development of future therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation as well as the current knowledge on the contribution of the NLRP3 inflammasome in infection-related, immune-mediated and autoimmune skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | | | - Xizhe Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Jian Shi
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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