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Zhou C, Sun BY, Zhou PY, Yang ZF, Wang ZT, Liu G, Gan W, Wang Z, Zhou J, Fan J, Yi Y, Ren N, Qiu SJ. MAIT cells confer resistance to Lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibodies in hepatocellular carcinoma through TNF-TNFRSF1B pathway. Clin Immunol 2023; 256:109770. [PMID: 37717672 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The combination of antiangiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors is more efficient than monotherapy in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibodies have become the mainstay in HCC treatment. However, more than half the patients with HCC are non-responsive, and the mechanisms underlying drug resistance are unknown. To address this issue, we performed single-cell sequencing on samples from six HCC patients, aiming to explore cellular signals and molecular pathways related to the effect of lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibody treatment. GSVA analysis revealed that treatment with lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibody led to an increase in the TNF-NFKB pathway across all immune cell types, as compared to the non-treatment group. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells were found to secrete TNF, which activates TNFRSF1B on regulatory T cells, thereby promoting immunosuppression. Additionally, TNFSF9 was highly expressed in anticancer immune cells, including CD8+ effector T cells, MAIT, and γδ T cells in the treatment group. We also detected CD3+ macrophages in both HCC and pan-cancer tissues. Overall, our findings shed light on the potential mechanisms behind the effectiveness of lenvatinib plus anti-PD1 antibody treatment in HCC patients. By understanding these mechanisms better, we may be able to develop more effective treatment strategies for patients who do not respond to current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bao-Ye Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Yun Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang-Fu Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu-Tao Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gao Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China..
| | - Ning Ren
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.; Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, and Key Laboratory of Whole-period Monitoring and Precise Intervention of Digestive Cancer, Minhang Hospital & AHS, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shuang-Jian Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China..
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Zhang L, Chun Y, Irizar H, Arditi Z, Grishina G, Grishin A, Vicencio A, Bunyavanich S. Integrated study of systemic and local airway transcriptomes in asthma reveals causal mediation of systemic effects by airway key drivers. Genome Med 2023; 15:71. [PMID: 37730635 PMCID: PMC10512627 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic and local profiles have each been associated with asthma, but parsing causal relationships between system-wide and airway-specific processes can be challenging. We sought to investigate systemic and airway processes in asthma and their causal relationships. METHODS Three hundred forty-one participants with persistent asthma and non-asthmatic controls were recruited and underwent peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) collection and nasal brushing. Transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing of the PBMC and nasal samples and a series of analyses were then performed using a discovery and independent test set approach at each step to ensure rigor. Analytic steps included differential expression analyses, coexpression and probabilistic causal (Bayesian) network constructions, key driver analyses, and causal mediation models. RESULTS Among the 341 participants, the median age was 13 years (IQR = 10-16), 164 (48%) were female, and 200 (58.7%) had persistent asthma with mean Asthma Control Test (ACT) score 16.6 (SD = 4.2). PBMC genes associated with asthma were enriched in co-expression modules for NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity (fold enrichment = 4.5, FDR = 6.47 × 10-32) and interleukin production (fold enrichment = 2.0, FDR = 1.01 × 10-15). Probabilistic causal network and key driver analyses identified NK cell granule protein (NKG7, fold change = 22.7, FDR = 1.02 × 10-31) and perforin (PRF1, fold change = 14.9, FDR = 1.31 × 10-22) as key drivers predicted to causally regulate PBMC asthma modules. Nasal genes associated with asthma were enriched in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle module (fold enrichment = 7.5 FDR = 5.09 × 10-107), with network analyses identifying G3BP stress granule assembly factor 1 (G3BP1, fold change = 9.1 FDR = 2.77 × 10-5) and InaD-like protein (INADL, fold change = 5.3 FDR = 2.98 × 10-9) as nasal key drivers. Causal mediation analyses revealed that associations between PBMC key drivers and asthma are causally mediated by nasal key drivers (FDR = 0.0076 to 0.015). CONCLUSIONS Integrated study of the systemic and airway transcriptomes in a well-phenotyped asthma cohort identified causal key drivers of asthma among PBMC and nasal transcripts. Associations between PBMC key drivers and asthma are causally mediated by nasal key drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingdi Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yoojin Chun
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Haritz Irizar
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Zoe Arditi
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Galina Grishina
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Alexander Grishin
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Alfin Vicencio
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Supinda Bunyavanich
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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3
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Kao KD, Grasberger H, El-Zaatari M. The Cxcr2 + subset of the S100a8 + gastric granylocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell population (G-MDSC) regulates gastric pathology. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147695. [PMID: 37744359 PMCID: PMC10514515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gastric myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a prominent population that expands during gastric pre-neoplastic and neoplastic development in humans and mice. However, the heterogeneity of this population has circumvented the ability to study these cells or understand their functions. Aside from Schlafen-4+ (Slfn-4+) MDSCs in mouse studies, which constitute a subset of this population, limitations exist in characterizing the heterogeneity of the gastric CD11b+Ly6G+ population and targeting its different subsets. Here we identify S100a8 as a pan-specific marker for this population and utilize it to study the role of the S100a8+Cxcr2+ subset. Methods We profiled gastric CD11b+Ly6G+ versus CD11b+Ly6G- myeloid cells by transcriptomic and single-cell RNA sequencing. We identified S100a8 as a pan-specific marker of the gastric granulocytic MDSC (G-MDSC) population, and generated S100a8CreCxcr2flox/flox to study the effects of Cxcr2 knockdown. Results Following 6-months of Helicobacter felis infection, gastric CD11b+Ly6G+ G-MDSCs were highly enriched for the expression of S100a8, S100a9, Slfn4, Cxcr2, Irg1, Il1f9, Hcar2, Retnlg, Wfdc21, Trem1, Csf3R, Nlrp3, and Il1b. The expression of these distinct genes following 6mo H. felis infection marked heterogeneous subpopulations, but they all represented a subset of S100a8+ cells. S100a8 was identified as a pan-marker for CD11b+Ly6G+ cells arising in chronic inflammation, but not neutrophils recruited during acute gut infection. 6mo Helicobacter felis-infected S100a8CreCxcr2flox/flox mice exhibited worsened gastric metaplastic pathology than Cxcr2flox/flox mice, which was associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism and peroxidation. Conclusion S100a8 is a pan-specific marker that can be used to target gastric G-MDSC subpopulations, of which the Cxcr2+ subset regulates gastric immunopathology and associates with the regulation of lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamad El-Zaatari
- Division of Gastroenteorlogy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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4
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Martín-Faivre L, Gaudaire D, Laugier C, Bouraïma-Lelong H, Zientara S, Hans A. Development of a chronic focal equine arteritis virus infection of a male reproductive tract cell line. J Virol Methods 2023; 319:114756. [PMID: 37268046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2023.114756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is an Alphaarterivirus (family Arteriviridae, order Nidovirales) that frequently causes an influenza-like illness in adult horses, but can also cause the abortions in mares and death of newborn foals. Once primary infection has been established, EAV can persist in the reproductive tract of some stallions. However, the mechanisms enabling this persistence, which depends on testosterone, remain largely unknown. We aimed to establish an in vitro model of non-cytopathic EAV infection to study viral persistence. In this work, we infected several cell lines originating from the male reproductive tract of different species. EAV infection was fully cytopathic for 92BR (donkey cells) and DDT1 MF-2 (hamster cells) cells, and less cytopathic for PC-3 cells (human cells); ST cells (porcine cells) seemed to eliminate the virus; LNCaP (human cells) and GC-1 spg (murine cells) cells were not permissive to EAV infection; finally, TM3 cells (murine cells) were permissive to EAV infection without any overt cytopathic effects. Infected TM3 cells can be maintained at least 7 days in culture without any subculture. They can also be subcultured over 39 days (subculturing them at 1:2 the first time at 5 dpi and then every 2-3 days), but in this case, the percentage of infected cells remains low. Infected TM3 cells may therefore provide a new model to study the host-pathogen interactions and to help determine the mechanisms involved in EAV persistence in stallion reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydie Martín-Faivre
- ANSES Laboratory for Animal Health, Normandy site. PhEED Unit, Goustranville, France.
| | - Delphine Gaudaire
- ANSES Laboratory for Animal Health, Normandy site. PhEED Unit, Goustranville, France
| | - Claire Laugier
- ANSES Laboratory for Animal Health, Normandy site. PhEED Unit, Goustranville, France
| | | | - Stéphan Zientara
- Université Paris-Est, ANSES, Maisons-Alfort Laboratory for Animal Health, UMR Virology ANSES, INRAE, ENVA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Aymeric Hans
- ANSES Laboratory for Animal Health, Normandy site. PhEED Unit, Goustranville, France
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5
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Sun G, Wang Y, Yang L, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Shen Z, Han X, Du X, Jin H, Li C, Wang S, Zhang Z, Zhang D. Rebalancing liver-infiltrating CCR3 + and CD206 + monocytes improves diet-induced NAFLD. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112753. [PMID: 37421620 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has been reported to improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and exploring the underlying mechanisms will be beneficial for better treatment of NAFLD. Choline-deficient high-fat diet (CDHFD)- and methionine/choline-deficient diet (MCD)-fed mice with melatonin intervention exhibit significantly decreased liver steatosis, lobular inflammation, and focal liver necrosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that melatonin selectively inhibits pro-inflammatory CCR3+ monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMFs) and upregulates anti-inflammatory CD206+ MoMFs in NAFLD mice. Liver-infiltrating CCR3+CD14+ MoMFs are also significantly increased in patients with NAFLD. Mechanistically, melatonin receptor-independent BTG2-ATF4 signaling plays a role in the regulation of CCR3+ MoMF endoplasmic reticulum stress, survival, and inflammation. In contrast, melatonin upregulates CD206+ MoMF survival and polarization via MT1/2 receptors. Melatonin stimulation also regulates human CCR3+ MoMF and CD206+ MoMF survival and inflammation in vitro. Furthermore, CCR3 depletion antibody monotherapy inhibits liver inflammation and improves NAFLD in mice. Thus, therapies targeting CCR3+ MoMFs may have potential benefits in NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyong Sun
- General Surgery Department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lu Yang
- General Surgery Department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yushang Zhao
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zongshan Shen
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaotong Han
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaonan Du
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Changying Li
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- General Surgery Department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- General Surgery Department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tolerance Induction and Organ Protection in Transplantation, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Beijing 100069, China.
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Hu Y, Paris S, Sahoo N, Bertolet G, Wang Q, Wang Q, Barsoumian HB, Da Silva J, Huang A, Doss DJ, Pollock DP, Hsu E, Selene N, Leyton CSK, Voss TA, Masrorpour F, Ganjoo S, Leuschner C, Pietz JT, Puebla-Osorio N, Gandhi S, Nguyen QN, Wang J, Cortez MA, Welsh JW. Nanoparticle-enhanced proton beam immunoradiotherapy drives immune activation and durable tumor rejection. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e167749. [PMID: 37345658 PMCID: PMC10371249 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.167749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of radiation therapy (RT) and immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment option in oncology. Historically, x-ray radiation (XRT) has been the most commonly used form of RT. However, proton beam therapy (PBT) is gaining recognition as a viable alternative, as it has been shown to produce similar outcomes to XRT while minimizing off-target effects. The effects of PBT on the antitumor immune response have only just begun to be described, and to our knowledge no studies to date have examined the effect of PBT as part of a combinatorial immunoradiotherapeutic strategy. Here, using a 2-tumor model of lung cancer in mice, we show that PBT in tandem with an anti-PD1 antibody substantially reduced growth in both irradiated and unirradiated tumors. This was accompanied by robust activation of the immune response, as evidenced by whole-tumor and single-cell RNA sequencing showing upregulation of a multitude of immune-related transcripts. This response was further significantly enhanced by the injection of the tumor to be irradiated with NBTXR3 nanoparticles. Tumors of mice treated with the triple combination exhibited increased infiltration and activation of cytotoxic immune cells. This triple combination eradicated both tumors in 37.5% of the treated mice and showed robust long-term immunity to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sébastien Paris
- Department of Translational Science, Nanobiotix, Paris, France
| | | | - Genevieve Bertolet
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Qianxia Wang
- Department of Radiation Physics, and
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hampartsoum B Barsoumian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jordan Da Silva
- Department of Translational Science, Nanobiotix, Paris, France
| | - Ailing Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Ethan Hsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nanez Selene
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Claudia S Kettlun Leyton
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tiffany A Voss
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fatemeh Masrorpour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shonik Ganjoo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carola Leuschner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jordan T Pietz
- Department of Strategic Communication, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nahum Puebla-Osorio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Saumil Gandhi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Quynh-Nhu Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maria Angelica Cortez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James W Welsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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7
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Wang L, Wang D, Zhang T, Ma Y, Tong X, Fan H. The role of immunometabolism in macrophage polarization and its impact on acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1117548. [PMID: 37020557 PMCID: PMC10067752 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung macrophages constitute the first line of defense against airborne particles and microbes and are key to maintaining pulmonary immune homeostasis. There is increasing evidence suggesting that macrophages also participate in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including the modulation of inflammatory responses and the repair of damaged lung tissues. The diversity of their functions may be attributed to their polarized states. Classically activated or inflammatory (M1) macrophages and alternatively activated or anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages are the two main polarized macrophage phenotypes. The precise regulatory mechanism of macrophage polarization is a complex process that is not completely understood. A growing body of literature on immunometabolism has demonstrated the essential role of immunometabolism and its metabolic intermediates in macrophage polarization. In this review, we summarize macrophage polarization phenotypes, the role of immunometabolism, and its metabolic intermediates in macrophage polarization and ALI/ARDS, which may represent a new target and therapeutic direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongguang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianli Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Ma
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Tong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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8
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Yang Y, Sun L, Chen Z, Liu W, Xu Q, Liu F, Ma M, Chen Y, Lu Y, Fang H, Chen G, Shi Y, Wu D. The immune-metabolic crosstalk between CD3 +C1q +TAM and CD8 +T cells associated with relapse-free survival in HCC. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1033497. [PMID: 36845133 PMCID: PMC9948089 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1033497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although multiple targeted treatments have appeared, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical factor in the oncogenesis and progression of HCC. The emerging scRNA-seq makes it possible to explore the TME at a high resolution. This study was designed to reveal the immune-metabolic crosstalk between immune cells in HCC and provide novel strategies to regulate immunosuppressive TME. Method In this study, we performed scRNA-seq on paired tumor and peri-tumor tissues of HCC. The composition and differentiation trajectory of the immune populations in TME were portrayed. Cellphone DB was utilized to calculate interactions between the identified clusters. Besides, flow cytometry, RT-PCR and seahorse experiments were implemented to explore potential metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms of the inter-cellular interaction. Result A total of 19 immune cell clusters were identified and 7 were found closely related to HCC prognosis. Besides, differentiation trajectories of T cells were also presented. Moreover, a new population, CD3+C1q+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) were identified and found significantly interacted with CD8+ CCL4+T cells. Compared to the peri-tumor tissue, their interaction was attenuated in tumor. Additionally, the dynamic presence of this newly found cluster was also verified in the peripheral blood of patients with sepsis. Furthermore, we found that CD3+C1q+TAM affected T cell immunity through C1q signaling-induced metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, thereby potentially affecting tumor prognosis. Conclusion Our study revealed the interaction between CD3+C1q+TAM and CD8+ CCL4+T cells and may provide implications for tackling the immunosuppressive TME in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Yang
- Jinshan Hospital Center for Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhouyi Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiren Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Bench and Clinic Research for Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyue Xu
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangming Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyue Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwen Chen
- Jinshan Hospital Center for Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng Chen
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Bench and Clinic Research for Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Duojiao Wu
- Jinshan Hospital Center for Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Hu R, Luo X, Tang G, Ding Y. Monocyte count is associated with the severity of human adenovirus pneumonia in hospitalized children aged less than 6 years. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:64. [PMID: 36732702 PMCID: PMC9893969 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08036-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Adenovirus (HAdV) pneumonia is common in young children and infants. Overall, 7-8% of all viral respiratory illnesses among children for less than 5 years are induced by HAdVs. Unfortunately little is known about the role of monocyte count in the disease severity. METHODS Data were gathered from 595 children (age < 6 years) who were diagnosed with HAdV infection at the 1st People's Hospital (Changde City, China) between January 2019 and December 2019. There were 181 cases of severe adenovirus pneumonia. RESULTS The correlation between the patients' monocyte count and the severity of HAdV pneumonia was estimated by performing a multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed a negative association (OR: 0.53, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.89, P < 0.05). We further built Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) and demonstrated that the monocyte count had a non-linear association with severe HAdV pneumonia. The inflection point of monocyte count detected in the two-stage linear regression model was 1.5. On the left side of this point, the monocyte count was negatively interrelated (OR: 0.26, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.52, P < 0.001), while on the opposite side, there was a positive association (OR: 7.48, 95% CI 1.30 to 43.08, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this investigation, we established a link between monocyte count and the severity of HAdV pneumonia. Monocyte count is negatively associated with severe HAdV pneumonia. The inflection point of monocyte count detected in the two-stage linear regression model was 1.5 × 109/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hu
- grid.459514.80000 0004 1757 2179Department of Pediatrics, The First People’s Hospital of Changde City, #818 Renmin Middle Road, Changde, 415003 China
| | - Xiaorong Luo
- grid.459514.80000 0004 1757 2179Department of Pediatrics, The First People’s Hospital of Changde City, #818 Renmin Middle Road, Changde, 415003 China
| | - Guilan Tang
- grid.459514.80000 0004 1757 2179Department Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, 415003 China
| | - Yiyi Ding
- grid.459514.80000 0004 1757 2179Department of Pediatrics, The First People’s Hospital of Changde City, #818 Renmin Middle Road, Changde, 415003 China
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10
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Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the suppressive effect of PPP1R15A inhibitor Sephin1 in antitumor immunity. iScience 2023; 26:105954. [PMID: 36718369 PMCID: PMC9883195 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15A (PPP1R15A) is an important factor in the integrated stress response (ISR) in mammals and may play a crucial role in tumorigenesis. In our studies, we found an inhibitor of PPP1R15A, Sephin1, plays a protumorigenic role in mouse tumor models. By analyzing the single-cell transcriptome data of the mouse tumor models, we found that in C57BL/6 mice, Sephin1 treatment could lead to higher levels of ISR activity and lower levels of antitumor immune activities. Specifically, Sephin1 treatment caused reductions in antitumor immune cell types and lower expression levels of cytotoxicity-related genes. In addition, T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire analysis demonstrated that the clonal expansion of tumor-specific T cells was inhibited by Sephin1. A special TCR + macrophage subtype in tumor was identified to be significantly depleted upon Sephin1 treatment, implying its key antitumor role. These results suggest that PPP1R15A has the potential to be an effective target for tumor therapy.
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11
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Jiang Y, Zhang S, Tang L, Li R, Zhai J, Luo S, Peng Y, Chen X, Wei L. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals TCR + macrophages in HPV-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1030222. [PMID: 36389736 PMCID: PMC9647120 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1030222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is often better than that of HPV- cancer, which is possibly caused by the differences in their immune microenvironments. The contribution of macrophage, as a principal innate immune cell, to this phenomenon is still unclear. In this study, a single-cell atlas of 4,388 high-quality macrophages from 18 HPV- and 8 HPV+ HNSCC patients was constructed with single-cell RNA sequencing data. Eight macrophage subsets were identified from HNSCC, whereas their functional properties and developmental trajectory were delineated based on HPV status. Our results demonstrated that macrophages in HPV+ HNSCC exhibit stronger phagocytic ability, although the infiltration rate of macrophages decreased. From the results, a unique macrophage subset with TCR and CD3-specific signatures was identified from HPV-related HNSCC. These TCR+ macrophages potentially participate in the regulation of the TCR signaling pathway and phagocytosis. In conclusion, our results suggested that HPV could affect the infiltration rate, function, and differentiation of macrophages in HNSCC, whereas TCR+ macrophages play a critical role in the HNSCC microenvironment. These results provide new insights into the immune microenvironment of HNSCC and offer a valuable resource for the understanding of the immune landscape of HPV-related HNSCC, which will in turn help the development of immunotherapy strategies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yourong Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Siwei Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lu Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinglei Zhai
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Suisui Luo
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiman Peng
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohang Chen
- Institute for Hepatology, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lanlan Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Genetics Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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12
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Challagundla N, Saha B, Agrawal-Rajput R. Insights into inflammasome regulation: cellular, molecular, and pathogenic control of inflammasome activation. Immunol Res 2022; 70:578-606. [PMID: 35610534 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of immune homeostasis is an intricate process wherein inflammasomes play a pivotal role by contributing to innate and adaptive immune responses. Inflammasomes are ensembles of adaptor proteins that can trigger a signal following innate sensing of pathogens or non-pathogens eventuating in the inductions of IL-1β and IL-18. These inflammatory cytokines substantially influence the antigen-presenting cell's costimulatory functions and T helper cell differentiation, contributing to adaptive immunity. As acute and chronic disease conditions may accompany parallel tissue damage, we analyze the critical role of extracellular factors such as cytokines, amyloids, cholesterol crystals, etc., intracellular metabolites, and signaling molecules regulating inflammasome activation/inhibition. We develop an operative framework for inflammasome function and regulation by host cell factors and pathogens. While inflammasomes influence the innate and adaptive immune components' interplay modulating the anti-pathogen adaptive immune response, pathogens may target inflammasome inhibition as a survival strategy. As trapped between health and diseases, inflammasomes serve as promising therapeutic targets and their modus operandi serves as a scientific rationale for devising better therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Challagundla
- Immunology lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science, Lab-5, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Reena Agrawal-Rajput
- Immunology lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, India.
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13
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Murine RAW Macrophages Are a Suitable Model to Study the CD3 Signaling in Myeloid Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101635. [PMID: 35626672 PMCID: PMC9139304 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a growing body of evidence has shown the presence of a subpopulation of macrophages that express CD3, especially in the context of mycobacterial infections. Despite these findings, the function of these cells has been poorly understood. Furthermore, the low frequency of CD3+ macrophages in humans limits the study of this subpopulation. This work aimed to evaluate the expression of CD3 in a murine macrophage cell line and its potential for the study of CD3 signaling. The murine macrophage cell line RAW was used to evaluate CD3 expression at the transcriptional and protein levels and the effect of in vitro infection with the Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) on these. Our data showed that RAW macrophages express CD3, both the ε and ζ chains, and it is further increased at the transcriptional level after BCG infection. Furthermore, our data suggest that CD3 can be found on the cell surface and intracellularly. However, this molecule is internalized constantly, mainly after activation with anti-CD3 stimulus, but interestingly, it is stably maintained at the transcriptional level. Finally, signaling proteins such as NFAT1, c-Jun, and IKK-α are highly expressed in RAW macrophages. They may play a role in the CD3-controlled signaling pathway to deliver inflammatory cytokines such as TNF and IL-6. Our study provides evidence to support that RAW cells are a suitable model to study the function and signaling of the CD3 complex in myeloid cells.
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14
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Zhang N, Gao X, Zhang W, Xiong J, Cao X, Fu ZF, Cui M. JEV Infection Induces M-MDSC Differentiation Into CD3 + Macrophages in the Brain. Front Immunol 2022; 13:838990. [PMID: 35529855 PMCID: PMC9068957 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.838990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is one of the most important members of the flavivirus family. It is a typical zoonotic pathogen that has caused substantial social and economic losses worldwide. The relation between JEV-induced immunosuppression and inflammatory responses has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, cells infiltrating the brain tissue of JEV-infected mice were mainly identified as monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs), which subsequently differentiated into CD3+ macrophages. Co-culture with T cells showed that both splenic M-MDSCs and brain infiltrated M-MDSCs isolated from JEV-infected mice inhibited T cell proliferation through ARG1 and iNOS. The splenectomy model revealed that JEV-induced M-MDSCs were mainly derived from bone marrow and migrated to the spleen and central nervous system (CNS). The results of the transcriptome analysis and IRF7-deficient mice indicated that the ZBP1-IRF7 signaling pathway stimulated by JEV RNA played a central role in the induction of M-MDSCs. M-MDSCs migrated into the CNS through the chemokine CCL2/N-CCL2 derived from astrocytes and brain infiltrated M-MDSCs differentiated into CD3+ macrophages through a mechanism mediated by M-CSF, IL-6 and IFN-γ in the brain microenvironment. These findings provide evidence for the mechanism that JEV regulates the differentiation of M-MDSCs and thereby exacerbates pathogenicity, which represents a potential therapeutic target for Japanese encephalitis (JE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaochen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen F. Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China,International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Min Cui,
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15
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Ramon-Luing LA, Olvera Y, Flores-Gonzalez J, Palacios Y, Carranza C, Aguilar-Duran Y, Vargas MA, Gutierrez N, Medina-Quero K, Chavez-Galan L. Diverse Cell Death Mechanisms Are Simultaneously Activated in Macrophages Infected by Virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050492. [PMID: 35631013 PMCID: PMC9147088 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are necessary to eliminate pathogens. However, some pathogens have developed mechanisms to avoid the immune response. One of them is modulating the cell death mechanism to favor pathogen survival. In this study, we evaluated if virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) can simultaneously activate more than one cell death mechanism. We infected human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) in vitro with avirulent (H37Ra) and virulent (H37Rv) strains, and then we measured molecules involved in apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis. Our data showed that H37Rv infection increased the BCL-2 transcript and protein, decreased the BAX transcript, and increased phosphorylated BCL-2 at the protein level. Moreover, H37Rv infection increased the expression of the molecules involved in the necroptotic pathway, such as ASK1, p-38, RIPK1, RIPK3, and caspase-8, while H37Ra increased caspase-8 and decreased RIPK3 at the transcriptional level. In addition, NLRP3 and CASP1 expression was increased at low MOI in both strains, while IL-1β was independent of virulence but dependent on infection MOI, suggesting the activation of pyroptosis. These findings suggest that virulent M. tb inhibits the apoptosis mediated by BCL-2 family molecules but, at the same time, increases the expression of molecules involved in apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis at the transcriptional and protein levels, probably as a mechanism to avoid the immune response and guarantee its survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucero A. Ramon-Luing
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.A.R.-L.); (J.F.-G.); (Y.P.); (Y.A.-D.)
| | - Yessica Olvera
- Research Department, Military School of Graduate of Health, SEDENA, Mexico City 11200, Mexico; (Y.O.); (M.A.V.); (N.G.); (K.M.-Q.)
| | - Julio Flores-Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.A.R.-L.); (J.F.-G.); (Y.P.); (Y.A.-D.)
| | - Yadira Palacios
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.A.R.-L.); (J.F.-G.); (Y.P.); (Y.A.-D.)
| | - Claudia Carranza
- Laboratory of Tuberculosis Immunobiology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Yerany Aguilar-Duran
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.A.R.-L.); (J.F.-G.); (Y.P.); (Y.A.-D.)
| | - Marco Antonio Vargas
- Research Department, Military School of Graduate of Health, SEDENA, Mexico City 11200, Mexico; (Y.O.); (M.A.V.); (N.G.); (K.M.-Q.)
| | - Neptali Gutierrez
- Research Department, Military School of Graduate of Health, SEDENA, Mexico City 11200, Mexico; (Y.O.); (M.A.V.); (N.G.); (K.M.-Q.)
| | - Karen Medina-Quero
- Research Department, Military School of Graduate of Health, SEDENA, Mexico City 11200, Mexico; (Y.O.); (M.A.V.); (N.G.); (K.M.-Q.)
| | - Leslie Chavez-Galan
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.A.R.-L.); (J.F.-G.); (Y.P.); (Y.A.-D.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +52-5554871700 (ext. 5270)
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16
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Ramon-Luing LA, Carranza C, Téllez-Navarrete NA, Medina-Quero K, Gonzalez Y, Torres M, Chavez-Galan L. Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Strain Increases the Frequency of CD3 +TCR + Macrophages and Affects Their Phenotype, but Not Their Migration Ability. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010329. [PMID: 35008755 PMCID: PMC8745617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In mycobacterial infections, the number of cells from two newly discovered subpopulations of CD3+ myeloid cells are increased at the infection site; one type expresses the T cell receptor (CD3+TCRαβ+) and the other does not (CD3+TCRαβ−). The role of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) virulence in generating these subpopulations and the ability of these cells to migrate remains unclear. In this study, monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) infected in vitro with either a virulent (H37Rv) or an avirulent (H37Ra) Mtb strain were phenotypically characterized based on three MDM phenotypes (CD3−, CD3+TCRαβ+, and CD3+TCRαβ−); then, their migration ability upon Mtb infection was evaluated. We found no differences in the frequency of CD3+ MDMs at 24 h of infection with either Mtb strain. However, H37Rv infection increased the frequency of CD3+TCRαβ+ MDMs at a multiplicity of infection of 1 and altered the expression of CD1b, CD1c, and TNF on the surface of cells from both the CD3+ MDM subpopulations; it also modified the expression of CCR2, CXCR1, and CCR7, thus affecting CCL2 and IL-8 levels. Moreover, H37Rv infection decreased the migration ability of the CD3− MDMs, but not CD3+ MDMs. These results confirm that the CD3+ macrophage subpopulations express chemokine receptors that respond to chemoattractants, facilitating cell migration. Together, these data suggest that CD3+ MDMs are a functional subpopulation involved in the immune response against Mtb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucero A. Ramon-Luing
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.A.R.-L.); (N.A.T.-N.)
| | - Claudia Carranza
- Laboratory of Tuberculosis Immunobiology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (C.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Norma A. Téllez-Navarrete
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.A.R.-L.); (N.A.T.-N.)
| | - Karen Medina-Quero
- Laboratory of Immunology, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Mexico City 11200, Mexico;
| | - Yolanda Gonzalez
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Martha Torres
- Laboratory of Tuberculosis Immunobiology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (C.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Leslie Chavez-Galan
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.A.R.-L.); (N.A.T.-N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(55)-54871700 (ext. 5270)
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17
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Hepatic Macrophages Express Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5 in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Inflammation 2021; 45:343-355. [PMID: 34523053 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The activation of innate immune system is essential for the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Among pattern recognition receptors, it is well-characterized that toll-like receptors (TLRs) are deeply involved in the development of NASH to reflect exposure of the liver to gut-driven endotoxins. In contrast, it has not been elucidated whether retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are similarly implicated in the disease progression. In the present study, we examined the expression of melanoma differentiation-associated antigen 5 (MDA5), known to be a member of RLRs, in a diet-induced murine model of NASH. The liver tissues were collected from C57BL/6 J mice at 1, 3, and 6 weeks after choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined high-fat diet (CDAHFD), and the expression of MDA5 was analyzed by western blotting, immunofluorescence (IF), and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The results of western blotting showed that hepatic expression of MDA5 was increased at 3 and 6 weeks. In IF, MDA5-positive cells co-expressed F4/80 and CD11b, indicating they were activated macrophages, and these cells began to appear at 1 week after CDAHFD. The mRNA expression of MDA5 was significantly upregulated at 1 week. Additionally, we performed IF using liver biopsy specimens collected from 11 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), and found that MDA5-positive macrophages were detected in eight out of eleven patients. In an in vitro study, MDA5 was induced upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and THP-1 cells. Our findings suggest that MDA5 may be involved in the inflammation of NASH.
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Want MY, Karasik E, Gillard B, McGray AJR, Battaglia S. Inhibition of WHSC1 Allows for Reprogramming of the Immune Compartment in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168742. [PMID: 34445452 PMCID: PMC8395944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy initially demonstrated promising results in prostate cancer (PCa), but the modest or negative results of many recent trials highlight the need to overcome the poor immunogenicity of this cancer. The design of effective therapies for PCa is challenged by the limited understanding of the interface between PCa cells and the immune system in mediating therapeutic resistance. Prompted by our recent observations that elevated WHSC1, a histone methyltransferase known to promote progression of numerous cancers, can silence antigen processing and presentation in PCa, we performed a single-cell analysis of the intratumoral immune dynamics following in vivo pharmacological inhibition of WHSC1 in mice grafted with TRAMP C2 cells. We observed an increase in cytotoxic T and NK cells accumulation and effector function, accompanied by a parallel remodeling of the myeloid compartment, as well as abundant shifts in key ligand–receptor signaling pathways highlighting changes in cell-to-cell communication driven by WHSC1 inhibition. This comprehensive profiling of both immune and molecular changes during the course of WHSC1 blockade deepens our fundamental understanding of how anti-tumor immune responses develop and can be enhanced therapeutically for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Y. Want
- Department of Immunology, Division of Translational Immuno Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (M.Y.W.); (A.J.R.M.)
| | - Ellen Karasik
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (E.K.); (B.G.)
| | - Bryan Gillard
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (E.K.); (B.G.)
| | - A. J. Robert McGray
- Department of Immunology, Division of Translational Immuno Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (M.Y.W.); (A.J.R.M.)
| | - Sebastiano Battaglia
- Department of Immunology, Division of Translational Immuno Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (M.Y.W.); (A.J.R.M.)
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Correspondence:
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Simvastatin therapy attenuates memory deficits that associate with brain monocyte infiltration in chronic hypercholesterolemia. NPJ Aging Mech Dis 2021; 7:19. [PMID: 34349106 PMCID: PMC8338939 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-021-00071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence associates cardiovascular risk factors with unfavorable systemic and neuro-inflammation and cognitive decline in the elderly. Cardiovascular therapeutics (e.g., statins and anti-hypertensives) possess immune-modulatory functions in parallel to their cholesterol- or blood pressure (BP)-lowering properties. How their ability to modify immune responses affects cognitive function is unknown. Here, we examined the effect of chronic hypercholesterolemia on inflammation and memory function in Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mice and normocholesterolemic wild-type mice. Chronic hypercholesterolemia that was accompanied by moderate blood pressure elevations associated with apparent immune system activation characterized by increases in circulating pro-inflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes in ApoE-/- mice. The persistent low-grade immune activation that is associated with chronic hypercholesterolemia facilitates the infiltration of pro-inflammatory Ly6Chi monocytes into the brain of aged ApoE-/- but not wild-type mice, and links to memory dysfunction. Therapeutic cholesterol-lowering through simvastatin reduced systemic and neuro-inflammation, and the occurrence of memory deficits in aged ApoE-/- mice with chronic hypercholesterolemia. BP-lowering therapy alone (i.e., hydralazine) attenuated some neuro-inflammatory signatures but not the occurrence of memory deficits. Our study suggests a link between chronic hypercholesterolemia, myeloid cell activation and neuro-inflammation with memory impairment and encourages cholesterol-lowering therapy as safe strategy to control hypercholesterolemia-associated memory decline during ageing.
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Téllez-Navarrete NA, Ramon-Luing LA, Muñoz-Torrico M, Preciado-García M, Medina-Quero K, Hernandez-Pando R, Chavez-Galan L. Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy alters TNFR2 expression on CD4+ lymphocytes in both drug-sensitive and -resistant tuberculosis: however, only drug-resistant tuberculosis maintains a pro-inflammatory profile after a long time. Mol Med 2021; 27:76. [PMID: 34261449 PMCID: PMC8278684 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease. During TB, regulatory T cells (Treg) are related to poor prognosis. However, information about conventional and unconventional Treg (cTreg and uTreg, respectively) is limited. The tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and its receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2) are necessary for mycobacterial infection, and TNFR2 signalling is required to maintain Treg. Methods A blood sample of drug-susceptible (DS-TB) and drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) patients was obtained before (basal) and after 2 and 6 months of anti-TB therapy. Expression of TNF, TNFR1, and TNFR2 (transmembrane form, tm) on cTreg, uTreg, activated CD4+ (actCD4+), and CD4+ CD25− (CD4+) T cell subpopulations were evaluated. The main objective was to identify immunological changes associated with sensitive/resistant Mtb strains and with the use of anti-TB therapy. Results We found that after 6 months of anti-TB therapy, both DS- and DR-TB patients have decreased the frequency of cTreg tmTNF+, CD4+ tmTNFR1+ and CD4+ tmTNFR2+. Nevertheless, after 6 months of therapy, only DR-TB patients decreased the frequency of actCD4+ tmTNF+ and actCD4+ tmTNFR2+, exhibited a systemic inflammatory status (high levels of TNF, IFN-γ and IL-12), and their purified CD4+ T cells showed that TNF and TNFR2 are up-regulated at the transcriptional level. Moreover, DS- and DR-TB down-regulated TNFR1 and other proteins associated with Treg (FOXP3 and TGFβ1) in response to the anti-TB therapy. Conclusion These results partially explain the differences in the immune response of DS-TB vs DR-TB. The frequency of actCD4+ tmTNFR2+ cells and inflammatory status should be considered in the follow-up of therapy in DR-TB patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00320-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma A Téllez-Navarrete
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Calzada de Tlalpan No. 4510, CP. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lucero A Ramon-Luing
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Calzada de Tlalpan No. 4510, CP. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Muñoz-Torrico
- Clinic of Tuberculosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Preciado-García
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Calzada de Tlalpan No. 4510, CP. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karen Medina-Quero
- Laboratory of Immunology, Escuela Militar de Graduados en Sanidad, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernandez-Pando
- Experimental Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leslie Chavez-Galan
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Calzada de Tlalpan No. 4510, CP. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
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21
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Transmembrane TNF and Its Receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2 in Mycobacterial Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115461. [PMID: 34067256 PMCID: PMC8196896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is one of the main cytokines regulating a pro-inflammatory environment. It has been related to several cell functions, for instance, phagocytosis, apoptosis, proliferation, mitochondrial dynamic. Moreover, during mycobacterial infections, TNF plays an essential role to maintain granuloma formation. Several effector mechanisms have been implicated according to the interactions of the two active forms, soluble TNF (solTNF) and transmembrane TNF (tmTNF), with their receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2. We review the impact of these interactions in the context of mycobacterial infections. TNF is tightly regulated by binding to receptors, however, during mycobacterial infections, upstream activation signalling pathways may be influenced by key regulatory factors either at the membrane or cytosol level. Detailing the structure and activation pathways used by TNF and its receptors, such as its interaction with solTNF/TNFRs versus tmTNF/TNFRs, may bring a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in activation pathways which can be helpful for the development of new therapies aimed at being more efficient against mycobacterial infections.
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22
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Werner LR, Gibson KA, Goodman ML, Helm DE, Walter KR, Holloran SM, Trinca GM, Hastings RC, Yang HH, Hu Y, Wei J, Lei G, Yang XY, Madan R, Molinolo AA, Markiewicz MA, Chalise P, Axelrod ML, Balko JM, Hunter KW, Hartman ZC, Lange CA, Hagan CR. Progesterone promotes immunomodulation and tumor development in the murine mammary gland. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001710. [PMID: 33958486 PMCID: PMC8103939 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies have linked usage of progestins (synthetic progesterone [P4]) to breast cancer risk. However, little is understood regarding the role of native P4, signaling through the progesterone receptor (PR), in breast tumor formation. Recently, we reported a link between PR and immune signaling pathways, showing that P4/PR can repress type I interferon signaling pathways. Given these findings, we sought to investigate whether P4/PR drive immunomodulation in the mammary gland and promote tumor formation. METHODS To determine the effect of P4 on immune cell populations in the murine mammary gland, mice were treated with P4 or placebo pellets for 21 days. Immune cell populations in the mammary gland, spleen, and inguinal lymph nodes were subsequently analyzed by flow cytometry. To assess the effect of PR overexpression on mammary gland tumor development as well as immune cell populations in the mammary gland, a transgenic mouse model was used in which PR was overexpressed throughout the entire mouse. Immune cell populations were assessed in the mammary glands, spleens, and inguinal lymph nodes of 6-month-old transgenic and control mice by flow cytometry. Transgenic mice were also monitored for mammary gland tumor development over a 2-year time span. Following development of mammary gland tumors, immune cell populations in the tumors and spleens of transgenic and control mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that mice treated with P4 exhibited changes in the mammary gland indicative of an inhibited immune response compared with placebo-treated mice. Furthermore, transgenic mice with PR overexpression demonstrated decreased numbers of immune cell populations in their mammary glands, lymph nodes, and spleens. On long-term monitoring, we determined that multiparous PR-overexpressing mice developed significantly more mammary gland tumors than control mice. Additionally, tumors from PR-overexpressing mice contained fewer infiltrating immune cells. Finally, RNA sequencing analysis of tumor samples revealed that immune-related gene signatures were lower in tumors from PR-overexpressing mice as compared with control mice. CONCLUSION Together, these findings offer a novel mechanism of P4-driven mammary gland tumor development and provide rationale in investigating the usage of antiprogestin therapies to promote immune-mediated elimination of mammary gland tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity/drug effects
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/chemically induced
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Drug Implants
- Female
- Galectin 4/genetics
- Galectin 4/metabolism
- Immunity, Innate/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/immunology
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
- Mice, Transgenic
- Ovariectomy
- Progesterone/administration & dosage
- Receptors, Progesterone/agonists
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Escape/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauryn R Werner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Katelin A Gibson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Merit L Goodman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Dominika E Helm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Katherine R Walter
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sean M Holloran
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Gloria M Trinca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Richard C Hastings
- Flow Cytometry Core Laboratory, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Howard H Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Junping Wei
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gangjun Lei
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiao-Yi Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rashna Madan
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Alfredo A Molinolo
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mary A Markiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Margaret L Axelrod
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Justin M Balko
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kent W Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Carol A Lange
- Department of Medicine (Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation), University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christy R Hagan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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23
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Leukocytes from Patients with Drug-Sensitive and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Exhibit Distinctive Profiles of Chemokine Receptor Expression and Migration Capacity. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6654220. [PMID: 33977111 PMCID: PMC8084684 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6654220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains as a leading infectious cause of death worldwide. The increasing number of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) cases contributes to the poor control of the TB epidemic. Currently, little is known about the immunological requirements of protective responses against MDR-TB. This is of major relevance to identify immune markers for treatment monitoring and targets for adjuvant immunotherapies. Here, we hypothesized that MDR-TB patients display unique immunophenotypical features and immune cell migration dynamics compared to drug-sensitive TB (DS-TB). Hence, we prospectively conducted an extensive characterization of the immune profile of MDR-TB patients at different time points before and after pharmacological therapy. For this purpose, we focused on the leukocyte expression of chemokine receptors, distribution of different monocyte and lymphocyte subsets, plasma levels of chemotactic factors, and in vitro migration capacity of immune cells. Our comparative cohort consisted of DS-TB patients and healthy volunteer donors (HD). Our results demonstrate some unique features of leukocyte migration dynamics during MDR-TB. These include increased and prolonged circulation of CD3+ monocytes, CCR4+ monocytes, EM CD4+ T cells, EM/CM CD8+ T cells, and CXCR1+CXCR3+ T cells that is sustained even after the administration of anti-TB drugs. We also observed shared characteristics of both MDR-TB and DS-TB that include CCR2+ monocyte depletion in the blood; high plasma levels of MPC-1, CCL-7, and IP-10; and increased responsiveness of leukocytes to chemotactic signals in vitro. Our study contributes to a better understanding of the MDR-TB pathobiology and uncovers immunological readouts of treatment efficacy.
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24
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Characterization of innate and adaptive immune cells involved in the foreign body reaction to polypropylene meshes in the human abdomen. Hernia 2021; 26:309-323. [PMID: 33788008 PMCID: PMC8881270 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-021-02396-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Polypropylene (PP) mesh is widely used to reinforce tissues. The foreign body reaction (FBR) to the implant is dominated by innate immune cells, especially macrophages. However, considerable numbers of adaptive immune cells, namely T cells, have also been regularly observed, which appear to play a crucial role in the long-term host response. Methods This study investigated the FBR to seven human PP meshes, which were removed from the abdomen for recurrence after a median of one year. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, the FBR was examined for various innate (CD11b+ myeloid, CD68+ macrophages, CD56+ NK) and adaptive immune cells (CD3+ T, CD4+ T-helper, CD8+ cytotoxic, FoxP3+ T-regulatory, CD20+ B) as well as “conventional” immune cells (defined as cells expressing their specific immune cell marker without co-expressing CD68). Results T-helper cells (19%) and regulatory T-cells (25%) were present at comparable rates to macrophages, and clustered significantly toward the mesh fibers. For all cell types the lowest proportions of “conventional” cells (< 60%) were observed at the mesh–tissue interface, but increased considerably at about 50–100 µm, indicating reduced stimulation with rising distance to the mesh fibers. Conclusion Both innate and adaptive immune cells participate in the chronic FBR to PP meshes with T cells and macrophages being the predominant cell types, respectively. In concordance with the previous data, many cells presented a “hybrid” pattern near the mesh fibers. The complexity of the immune reaction seen within the foreign body granuloma may explain why approaches focusing on specific cell types have not been very successful in reducing the chronic FBR. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10029-021-02396-7.
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25
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Hiss S, Eckstein M, Segschneider P, Mantsopoulos K, Iro H, Hartmann A, Agaimy A, Haller F, Mueller SK. Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) and PD-L1 Expression Correlate with Lymph Node Metastasis, High-Grade Transformation and Shorter Metastasis-Free Survival in Patients with Acinic Cell Carcinoma (AciCC) of the Salivary Glands. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050965. [PMID: 33669038 PMCID: PMC7956490 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the number of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the expression of Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 1 (PD-L1) in Acinic Cell Carcinoma (AciCC) of the salivary glands, to enable a correlation with clinico-pathological features and to analyse their prognostic impact. METHODS This single centre retrospective study represents a cohort of 36 primary AciCCs with long-term clinical follow-up. Immunohistochemically defined immune cell subtypes, i.e., those expressing T-cell markers (CD3, CD4 and CD8) or a B-cell marker (CD20) were characterized on tumour tissue sections. The number of TILs was quantitatively evaluated using software for digital bioimage analysis (QuPath). PD-L1 expression on the tumour cells and on immune cells was assessed immunohistochemically employing established scoring criteria: tumour proportion score (TPS), Ventana immune cell score (IC-Score) and combined positive score (CPS). RESULTS Higher numbers of tumour-infiltrating T- and B-lymphocytes were significantly associated with high-grade transformation. Furthermore, higher counts of T-lymphocytes correlated with node-positive disease. There was a significant correlation between higher levels of PD-L1 expression and lymph node metastases as well as the occurrence of high-grade transformation. Moreover, PD-L1 CPS was associated with poor prognosis regarding metastasis-free survival (p = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS The current study is the first to demonstrate an association between PD-L1 expression and lymph node metastases as well as grading in AciCCs. In conclusion, increased immune cell infiltration of T and B cells as well as higher levels of PD-L1 expression in AciCC in association with high-grade transformation, lymph node metastasis and unfavourable prognosis suggests a relevant interaction between tumour cells and immune cell infiltrates in a subset of AciCCs, and might represent a rationale for immune checkpoint inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Hiss
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstr. 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.H.); (M.E.); (P.S.); (A.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstr. 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.H.); (M.E.); (P.S.); (A.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Patricia Segschneider
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstr. 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.H.); (M.E.); (P.S.); (A.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Konstantinos Mantsopoulos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Waldstrasse 1, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.M.); (H.I.); (S.K.M.)
| | - Heinrich Iro
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Waldstrasse 1, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.M.); (H.I.); (S.K.M.)
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstr. 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.H.); (M.E.); (P.S.); (A.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstr. 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.H.); (M.E.); (P.S.); (A.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Florian Haller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Krankenhausstr. 8-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.H.); (M.E.); (P.S.); (A.H.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sarina K. Mueller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Waldstrasse 1, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.M.); (H.I.); (S.K.M.)
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26
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Wu B, Liu H, Cai H, Tao W, Wang G, Shi X, Chen H, Li R. Vaccine targeting TNF epitope 1-14 do not suppress host defense against Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:371-383. [PMID: 33347929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anti-TNF inhibitors are efficacious in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Crohn's disease (CD), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, more and more clinical case reports revealed that anti-TNF inhibitors could increase the risk of viral, fungal, and bacterial (especially intracellular) infection. In this study, based on Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) online B cell epitope prediction and the knowledge of TNF three dimensional (3D) structure we developed a novel vaccine (DTNF114-TNF114) that targeting TNF epitope 1-14, which produced antibodies only partially binding to trans-membrane TNF (tmTNF), therefore partially sparing tmTNF-TNFR1/2 interaction. Immunization with DTNF114-TNF114 significantly protected and prolonged the survival rate of mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS); and in the mCherry expressing Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (mCherry-BCG) infection model, DTNF114-TNF114 immunization significantly decreased soluble TNF (solTNF) level in serum, meanwhile did not suppress host immunity against infection. Thus, this novel and infection concern-free vaccine provides a potential alternative or supplement to currently clinically used anti-TNF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Huaman Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Weihong Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Gengchong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xiaohui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Haifeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Rongxiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China; Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
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27
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Flow Cytometry: From Experimental Design to Its Application in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Respiratory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228830. [PMID: 33266385 PMCID: PMC7700151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of flow cytometry (FCM) have highlighted the importance of incorporating it as a basic analysis tool in laboratories. FCM not only allows the identification of cell subpopulations by detecting the expression of molecules in the cell membrane or cytoplasm, but it can also quantify and identify soluble molecules. The proper functioning of the FCM requires six fundamental systems, from those related to the transport of events to the systems dedicated to the analysis of information. In this review, we have identified the main considerations that every FCM user must know for an optimal antibody panel design, the quality systems that must govern the FCM protocols to guarantee reproducible results in research or clinical laboratories. Finally, we have introduced the current evidence that highlights the relevance of FCM in the investigation and clinical diagnosis of respiratory diseases, establishing important advances in the basic and clinical study of diseases as old as Tuberculosis along with the recent proposals for the monitoring and classification of patients infected with the new SARS-CoV2 virus.
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28
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Watkins TS, Miles JJ. The human T-cell receptor repertoire in health and disease and potential for omics integration. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 99:135-145. [PMID: 32677130 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The adaptive immune system arose 600 million years ago in a cold-blooded fish. Over countless generations, our antecedents tuned the function of the T-cell receptor (TCR). The TCR system is arguably the most complex known to science. The TCR evolved hypervariability to fight the hypervariability of pathogens and cancers that look to consume our resources. This review describes the genetics and architecture of the human TCR and highlights surprising new discoveries over the past years that have disproved very old dogmas. The standardization of TCR sequencing data is discussed in preparation for big data bioinformatics and predictive analysis. We next catalogue new signatures and phenomenon discovered by TCR next generation sequencing (NGS) in health and disease and work that remain to be done in this space. Finally, we discuss how TCR NGS can add to immunodiagnostics and integrate with other omics platforms for both a deeper understanding of TCR biology and its use in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Watkins
- The Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - John J Miles
- The Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
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29
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Chavez-Galan L, Buendia-Roldan I, Castillo-Castillo K, Preciado-Garcia M, Ocaña-Guzmán R, Salgado A, Gaxiola M, Selman M. Decreased expression of transmembrane TNFR2 in lung leukocytes subpopulations of patients with non-fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis compared with the fibrotic disease. Clin Immunol 2020; 215:108424. [PMID: 32305453 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease, characterized by lung inflammation (non-fibrotic HP) that may often progresses to fibrosis (Fibrotic HP). The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2) can be found as soluble (sol) and transmembrane (tm) forms, playing pro-inflammatory functions but also has been related to immune regulatory functions. Bronchioalveolar lavage from fibrotic and non-fibrotic HP patients was obtained, and immune cells were characterized by flow cytometry, whereas soluble proteins were analyzed by ELISA. Compare to fibrotic HP patients, HP patients with non-fibrotic disease have accumulation of pro-inflammatory CD3+ myeloid cells, cell subpopulations that have decreased tmTNFR2 expression, and low frequency of regulatory-T cells. Whereas solTNF, solTNFR2, and IL-8 are increased. These findings suggest that the TNF pathway may explain, at least partially, the differences between both HP clinical forms. The evaluation of the TNF family molecules may help to develop new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Chavez-Galan
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Ivette Buendia-Roldan
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Kelly Castillo-Castillo
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario Preciado-Garcia
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ranferi Ocaña-Guzmán
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Salgado
- Laboratory of Rheumatologic Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Gaxiola
- Department of Morphology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Moises Selman
- Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
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