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Bechtel MD, Michel C, Srinivasan P, Chalise P, Parker WP, Mirza M, Thrasher B, Gibbs HD, DiGiovanni J, Hamilton-Reeves J. Impact of Weight Management on Obesity-Driven Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer Progression. J Urol 2024; 211:552-562. [PMID: 38299570 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Excess body and visceral fat increase the risk of death from prostate cancer (PCa). This phase II study aimed to test whether weight reduction by > 5% total body weight counteracts obesity-driven PCa biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty men scheduled for prostatectomy were randomized into intervention (n = 20) or control (n = 20) arms. Intervention participants followed a weight management program for 4 to 16 weeks before and 6 months after surgery. Control participants received standardized educational materials. All participants attended visits at baseline, 1 week before surgery, and 6 months after surgery. Circulating immune cells, cytokines, and chemokines were evaluated. Weight loss, body composition/distribution, quality of life, and nutrition literacy were assessed. Prostate tissue samples obtained from biopsy and surgery were analyzed. RESULTS From baseline to surgery (mean = 5 weeks), the intervention group achieved 5.5% of weight loss (95% CI, 4%-7%). Compared to the control, the intervention also reduced insulin, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, leptin, leptin:adiponectin ratio, and visceral adipose tissue. The intervention group had reduced c-peptide, plasminogen-activator-inhibitor-1, and T cell count from baseline to surgery. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells were not statistically different by group. Intervention group anthropometrics improved, including visceral and overall fat loss. No prostate tissue markers changed significantly. Quality of life measures of general and emotional health improved in the intervention group. The intervention group maintained or kept losing to a net loss of 11% initial body weight (95% CI, 8%-14%) at the study end. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated improvements in body composition, PCa biomarkers, and quality of life with a weight management intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misty D Bechtel
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Carrie Michel
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | | | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - William P Parker
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Moben Mirza
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Brantley Thrasher
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Heather D Gibbs
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Harris JL, Wang X, Christian SK, Novikova L, Kalani A, Hui D, Ferren S, Barbay S, Ortiz JP, Nudo RJ, Brooks WM, Wilkins HM, Chalise P, Michaelis ML, Michaelis EK, Swerdlow RH. Traumatic Brain Injury Alters the Trajectory of Age-Related Mitochondrial Change. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:1793-1806. [PMID: 38306050 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Some epidemiologic studies associate traumatic brain injury (TBI) with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objective To test whether a TBI-induced acceleration of age-related mitochondrial change could potentially mediate the reported TBI-AD association. Methods We administered unilateral controlled cortical impact (CCI) or sham injuries to 5-month-old C57BL/6J and tau transgenic rTg4510 mice. In the non-transgenics, we assessed behavior (1-5 days, 1 month, and 15 months), lesion size (1 and 15 months), respiratory chain enzymes (1 and 15 months), and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) (1 and 15 months) after CCI/sham. In the transgenics we quantified post-injury mtDNAcn and tangle burden. Results In the non-transgenics CCI caused acute behavioral deficits that improved or resolved by 1-month post-injury. Protein-normalized complex I and cytochrome oxidase activities were not significantly altered at 1 or 15 months, although complex I activity in the CCI ipsilesional cortex declined during that period. Hippocampal mtDNAcn was not altered by injury at 1 month, increased with age, and rose to the greatest extent in the CCI contralesional hippocampus. In the injured then aged transgenics, the ipsilesional hippocampus contained less mtDNA and fewer tangles than the contralesional hippocampus; mtDNAcn and tangle counts did not correlate. Conclusions As mice age their brains increase mtDNAcn as part of a compensatory response that preserves mitochondrial function, and TBI enhances this response. TBI may, therefore, increase the amount of compensation required to preserve late-life mitochondrial function. If TBI does modify AD risk, altering the trajectory or biology of aging-related mitochondrial changes could mediate the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna L Harris
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Xiaowan Wang
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sarah K Christian
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Lesya Novikova
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Anuradha Kalani
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Dongwei Hui
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sadie Ferren
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Scott Barbay
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Judit Perez Ortiz
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Randolph J Nudo
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - William M Brooks
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Departments of Neurology, University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Heather M Wilkins
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Departments of Neurology, University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Departments of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mary Lou Michaelis
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Elias K Michaelis
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Departments of Neurology, University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Chalise P, Manandhar P, Infanti JJ, Campbell J, Henriksen L, Joshi SK, Koju R, Pun KD, Rishal P, Simpson MR, Skovlund E, Swahnberg K, Schei B, Lukasse M. Addressing Domestic Violence in Antenatal Care Environments in Nepal (ADVANCE) - study protocol for a randomized controlled trial evaluating a video intervention on domestic violence among pregnant women. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1794. [PMID: 37715147 PMCID: PMC10503096 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16685-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Domestic violence (DV) prior to, and during pregnancy is associated with increased risks for morbidity and mortality. As pregnant women routinely attend antenatal care this environment can be used to offer support to women experiencing DV. We have developed a video intervention that focuses on the use of behavioral coping strategies, particularly regarding disclosure of DV experiences. The effectiveness of this intervention will be evaluated through a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and a concurrent process evaluation. METHODS All pregnant women between 12-22 weeks of gestation attending routine antenatal care at two tertiary level hospitals in Nepal are invited to participate. DV is measured using the Nepalese version of the Abuse Assessment Screen (N-AAS). Additionally, we measure participants' mental health, use of coping strategies, physical activity, and food security through a Color-coded Audio Computer Assisted Self Interview (C-ACASI). Irrespective of DV status, women are randomized into the intervention or control arm using a computer-generated randomization program. The intervention arm views a short video providing information on DV, safety improving actions women can take with an emphasis on disclosing the violence to a trusted person along with utilizing helplines available in Nepal. The control group watches a video on maintaining a healthy pregnancy and when to seek healthcare. The primary outcome is the proportion of women disclosing their DV status to someone. Secondary outcomes are symptoms of anxiety and depression, coping strategies, the use of safety measures and attitudes towards acceptance of abuse. Follow-up is conducted after 32 weeks of gestation, where both the intervention and control group participants view the intervention video after completing the follow-up questionnaire. Additionally, a mixed methods process evaluation of the intervention will be carried out to explore factors influencing the acceptability of the intervention and the disclosure of DV, including a review of project documents, individual interviews, and focus group discussions with members of the research team, healthcare providers, and participants. DISCUSSION This study will provide evidence on whether pregnant women attending regular antenatal visits can enhance their safety by disclosing their experiences of violence to a trusted person after receiving a video intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study is registered in ClinicalTrial.gov with identifier NCT05199935.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chalise
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
| | - P Manandhar
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - J J Infanti
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - J Campbell
- Department of Community-Public Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, USA
| | - L Henriksen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - S K Joshi
- Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - R Koju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - K D Pun
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - P Rishal
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - M R Simpson
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - E Skovlund
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - K Swahnberg
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linneaus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - B Schei
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - M Lukasse
- Center for Women's, Family and Child Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, P.O. Box 235, N-3603, Kongsberg, Norway
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Freed IM, Kasi A, Fateru O, Hu M, Gonzalez P, Weatherington N, Pathak H, Hyter S, Sun W, Al-Rajabi R, Baranda J, Hupert ML, Chalise P, Godwin AK, A. Witek M, Soper SA. Circulating Tumor Cell Subpopulations Predict Treatment Outcome in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) Patients. Cells 2023; 12:2266. [PMID: 37759489 PMCID: PMC10526802 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a high clinical unmet need to improve outcomes for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients, either with the discovery of new therapies or biomarkers that can track response to treatment more efficiently than imaging. We report an innovative approach that will generate renewed interest in using circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to monitor treatment efficacy, which, in this case, used PDAC patients receiving an exploratory new therapy, poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi)-niraparib-as a case study. CTCs were enumerated from whole blood using a microfluidic approach that affinity captures epithelial and mesenchymal CTCs using anti-EpCAM and anti-FAPα monoclonal antibodies, respectively. These antibodies were poised on the surface of two separate microfluidic devices to discretely capture each subpopulation for interrogation. The isolated CTCs were enumerated using immunophenotyping to produce a numerical ratio consisting of the number of mesenchymal to epithelial CTCs (denoted "Φ"), which was used as an indicator of response to therapy, as determined using computed tomography (CT). A decreasing value of Φ during treatment was indicative of tumor response to the PARPi and was observed in 88% of the enrolled patients (n = 31). Changes in Φ during longitudinal testing were a better predictor of treatment response than the current standard CA19-9. We were able to differentiate between responders and non-responders using ΔΦ (p = 0.0093) with higher confidence than CA19-9 (p = 0.033). For CA19-9 non-producers, ΔΦ correctly predicted the outcome in 72% of the PDAC patients. Sequencing of the gDNA extracted from affinity-selected CTC subpopulations provided information that could be used for patient enrollment into the clinical trial based on their tumor mutational status in DNA repair genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Freed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA; (I.M.F.); (O.F.); (M.H.); (P.G.); (N.W.); (M.A.W.)
- Center of Bio-Modular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine (CBM), The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA;
| | - Anup Kasi
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (W.S.); (R.A.-R.); (J.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Oluwadamilola Fateru
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA; (I.M.F.); (O.F.); (M.H.); (P.G.); (N.W.); (M.A.W.)
- Center of Bio-Modular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine (CBM), The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA;
| | - Mengjia Hu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA; (I.M.F.); (O.F.); (M.H.); (P.G.); (N.W.); (M.A.W.)
- Center of Bio-Modular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine (CBM), The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA;
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (H.P.); (S.H.)
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Phasin Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA; (I.M.F.); (O.F.); (M.H.); (P.G.); (N.W.); (M.A.W.)
- Center of Bio-Modular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine (CBM), The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA;
| | - Nyla Weatherington
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA; (I.M.F.); (O.F.); (M.H.); (P.G.); (N.W.); (M.A.W.)
- Center of Bio-Modular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine (CBM), The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA;
| | - Harsh Pathak
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (H.P.); (S.H.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Stephen Hyter
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (H.P.); (S.H.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Weijing Sun
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (W.S.); (R.A.-R.); (J.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Raed Al-Rajabi
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (W.S.); (R.A.-R.); (J.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Joaquina Baranda
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (W.S.); (R.A.-R.); (J.B.); (P.C.)
| | | | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (W.S.); (R.A.-R.); (J.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Andrew K. Godwin
- Center of Bio-Modular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine (CBM), The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA;
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (H.P.); (S.H.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Malgorzata A. Witek
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA; (I.M.F.); (O.F.); (M.H.); (P.G.); (N.W.); (M.A.W.)
- Center of Bio-Modular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine (CBM), The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA;
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (H.P.); (S.H.)
| | - Steven A. Soper
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA; (I.M.F.); (O.F.); (M.H.); (P.G.); (N.W.); (M.A.W.)
- Center of Bio-Modular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine (CBM), The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA;
- Kansas Institute for Precision Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; (H.P.); (S.H.)
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- BioFluidica, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA;
- Bioengineering Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Bye BA, Jack J, Pierce A, Walsh RM, Eades A, Chalise P, Olou A, VanSaun MN. Combined PI3K and MAPK inhibition synergizes to suppress PDAC. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.15.553438. [PMID: 37645960 PMCID: PMC10462031 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.15.553438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic KRAS mutations are nearly ubiquitous in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), yet therapeutic attempts to target KRAS as well as its target MAPK pathway effectors have shown limited success due to the difficulty to pharmacologically target KRAS, inherent drug resistance in PDAC cells, and acquired resistance through activation of alternative mitogenic pathways such JAK-STAT and PI3K-AKT. While KRAS canonically drives the MAPK signaling pathway via RAF-MEK-ERK, it is also known to play a role in PI3K-AKT signaling. Our therapeutic study targeted the PI3K-AKT pathway with the drug Omipalisib (p110α/β/δ/γ and mTORC1/2 inhibitor) in combination with MAPK pathway targeting drug Trametinib (MEK1/2 inhibitor) or SHP099-HCL (SHP099), which is an inhibitor of the KRAS effector SHP2. Western blot analysis demonstrated that application of Trametinib or SHP099 alone selectively blocked ERK phosphorylation (pERK) but failed to suppress phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) and in some instances increased pAKT levels. Conversely, Omipalisib alone successfully inhibited pAKT but failed to suppress pERK. Therefore, we hypothesized that a combination therapeutic comprised of Omipalisib with either Trametinib or SHP099 would inhibit two prominent mitogenic pathways, MEK and PI3K-AKT, to more effectively suppress pancreatic cancer. In vitro studies demonstrated that both Omipalisib/Trametinib and Omipalisib/SHP099 combination therapeutic strategies were generally more effective than treatment with each drug individually at reducing proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration compared to vehicle controls. Additionally, we found that while combination Omipalisib/SHP099 treatment reduced implanted tumor growth in vivo , the Omipalisib/Trametinib treatment was significantly more effective. Therefore, we additionally tested the Omipalisib/Trametinib combination therapeutic in the highly aggressive PKT (Ptf1a cre , LSL-Kras G12D , TGFbR2 fl/fl ) spontaneous mouse model of PDAC. We subsequently found that PKT mice treated with the Omipalisib/Trametinib combination therapeutic survived significantly longer than mice treated with either drug alone, and more than doubled the mean survival time of vehicle control mice. Altogether, our data support the importance of a dual treatment strategy targeting both MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways.
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Walsh RM, Ambrose J, Jack JL, Eades AE, Bye B, Ruckert MT, Olou AA, Messaggio F, Chalise P, Pei D, VanSaun MN. Adipose-Tumor Crosstalk contributes to CXCL5 Mediated Immune Evasion in PDAC. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.15.553432. [PMID: 37645755 PMCID: PMC10461999 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.15.553432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Background CXCR1/2 inhibitors are being implemented with immunotherapies in PDAC clinical trials. Cytokines responsible for stimulating these receptors include CXCL ligands, typically secreted by activated immune cells, fibroblasts, and even adipocytes. Obesity has been linked to poor patient outcome and altered anti-tumor immunity. Adipose-derived cytokines and chemokines have been implicated as potential drivers of tumor cell immune evasion, suggesting a possibility of susceptibility to targeting specifically in the context of obesity. Methods RNA-sequencing of human PDAC cell lines was used to assess differential influences on the cancer cell transcriptome after treatment with conditioned media from peri-pancreatic adipose tissue of lean and obese PDAC patients. The adipose-induced secretome of PDAC cells was then assessed by cytokine arrays and ELISAs. Lentiviral transduction and CRISPR-Cas9 was used to knock out CXCL5 from a murine PDAC cell line for orthotopic tumor studies in diet-induced obese, syngeneic mice. Flow cytometry was used to define the immune profiles of tumors. Anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy was administered to alleviate T cell exhaustion and invoke an immune response, while the mice were monitored at endpoint for differences in tumor size. Results The chemokine CXCL5 was secreted in response to stimulation of PDAC cells with human adipose conditioned media (hAT-CM). PDAC CXCL5 secretion was induced by either IL-1β or TNF, but neutralization of both was required to limit secretion. Ablation of CXCL5 from tumors promoted an immune phenotype susceptible to PD-1 inhibitor therapy. While application of anti-PD-1 treatment to control tumors failed to alter tumor growth, knockout CXCL5 tumors were diminished. Conclusions In summary, our findings show that known adipokines TNF and IL-1β can stimulate CXCL5 release from PDAC cells in vitro. In vivo , CXCL5 depletion alone is sufficient to promote T cell infiltration into tumors in an obese setting, but requires checkpoint blockade inhibition to alleviate tumor burden. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Raw and processed RNAseq data will be further described in the GEO accession database ( awaiting approval from GEO for PRJ number ). Additional raw data is included in the supplemental material and available upon reasonable request. WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC Obesity is linked to a worsened patient outcome and immunogenic tumor profile in PDAC. CXCR1/2 inhibitors have begun to be implemented in combination with immune checkpoint blockade therapies to promote T cell infiltration under the premise of targeting the myeloid rich TME. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS Using in vitro/ex vivo cell and tissue culture-based assays with in vivo mouse models we have identified that adipose derived IL-1β and TNF can promote tumor secretion of CXCL5 which acts as a critical deterrent to CD8 T cell tumor infiltration, but loss of CXCL5 also leads to a more immune suppressive myeloid profile. HOW THIS STUDY MIGHT AFFECT RESEARCH PRACTICE OR POLICY This study highlights a mechanism and emphasizes the efficacy of single CXCR1/2 ligand targeting that could be beneficial to overcoming tumor immune-evasion even in the obese PDAC patient population.
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Werner LR, Helm DE, Tinoco J, Chowanec EI, Holloran SM, Hastings RC, Wei J, Lei G, Yang XY, Markiewicz MA, Chalise P, Balko J, Hartman ZC, Hagan CR. Abstract P2-20-11: Progesterone impacts the growth and immune cell infiltration of murine mammary gland tumors. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p2-20-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Clinical studies have linked usage of progestins (synthetic progesterone) to breast cancer risk. However, little is understood regarding the role of native progesterone (P4), signaling through the progesterone receptor (PR), in breast tumor formation. Recently, we demonstrated that P4 treatment or PR overexpression can drive changes in immune cell populations in the murine mammary gland and that PR overexpression leads to increased development of mammary gland tumors in mice. Given these findings, we sought to investigate whether P4 impacts tumor growth and immune cell infiltration of mammary gland tumors. We utilized syngeneic mammary gland tumor models to evaluate the effect of P4 on PR+ mammary gland tumor growth, which revealed that P4 promoted tumor growth and impacted immune cell infiltration of PR+ mammary gland tumors. Of note, numbers of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells were decreased and exhausted T cells and regulatory T cells were increased with P4 treatment in PR+ tumors. To determine if anti-progestin therapies could reverse the growth-promoting effect of P4 on mammary gland tumors, mice bearing PR+ mammary gland tumors were treated with the anti-progestin onapristone. Onapristone treatment led to significantly decreased tumor volumes in two syngeneic mammary gland tumor models and reversed the effect that P4 had on tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells. To determine if inhibition of tumor growth by onapristone was immunologically mediated, SCID mice bearing PR+ mammary gland tumors were treated with onapristone. Results revealed a decreased ability of onapristone to inhibit tumor growth in SCID mice compared to immunocompetent mice, suggesting that inhibition of tumor growth is, in part, immunologically mediated. These findings offer a novel mechanism of P4-driven mammary gland tumor development and provide rationale in investigating the usage of anti-progestin therapies to promote immune-mediated elimination of mammary gland tumors.
Citation Format: Lauryn R Werner, Dominika E. Helm, Julio Tinoco, Eilidh I Chowanec, Sean M Holloran, Richard C Hastings, Junping Wei, Gangjun Lei, Xiao-Yi Yang, Mary A Markiewicz, Prabhakar Chalise, Justin Balko, Zachary C Hartman, Christy R Hagan. Progesterone impacts the growth and immune cell infiltration of murine mammary gland tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-20-11.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Justin Balko
- 12Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Craddock V, Mahajan A, Spikes L, Krishnamachary B, Ram AK, Kumar A, Chen L, Chalise P, Dhillon NK. Persistent circulation of soluble and extracellular vesicle-linked Spike protein in individuals with postacute sequelae of COVID-19. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28568. [PMID: 36756925 PMCID: PMC10048846 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19 disease, has resulted in the death of millions worldwide since the beginning of the pandemic in December 2019. While much progress has been made to understand acute manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection, less is known about post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). We investigated the levels of both Spike protein (Spike) and viral RNA circulating in patients hospitalized with acute COVID-19 and in patients with and without PASC. We found that Spike and viral RNA were more likely to be present in patients with PASC. Among these patients, 30% were positive for both Spike and viral RNA; whereas, none of the individuals without PASC were positive for both. The levels of Spike and/or viral RNA in the PASC+ve patients were found to be increased or remained the same as in the acute phase; whereas, in the PASC-ve group, these viral components decreased or were totally absent. Additionally, this is the first report to show that part of the circulating Spike is linked to extracellular vesicles without any presence of viral RNA in these vesicles. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Spike and/or viral RNA fragments persist in the recovered COVID-19 patients with PASC up to 1 year or longer after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaughn Craddock
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Aatish Mahajan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Leslie Spikes
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Balaji Krishnamachary
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Anil Kumar Ram
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Ling Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Navneet K. Dhillon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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9
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Zhang B, He J, Hu J, Chalise P, Koestler DC. Improving the accuracy and internal consistency of regression-based clustering of high-dimensional datasets. Stat Appl Genet Mol Biol 2023; 22:sagmb-2022-0031. [PMID: 37489035 PMCID: PMC10891458 DOI: 10.1515/sagmb-2022-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Component-wise Sparse Mixture Regression (CSMR) is a recently proposed regression-based clustering method that shows promise in detecting heterogeneous relationships between molecular markers and a continuous phenotype of interest. However, CSMR can yield inconsistent results when applied to high-dimensional molecular data, which we hypothesize is in part due to inherent limitations associated with the feature selection method used in the CSMR algorithm. To assess this hypothesis, we explored whether substituting different regularized regression methods (i.e. Lasso, Elastic Net, Smoothly Clipped Absolute Deviation (SCAD), Minmax Convex Penalty (MCP), and Adaptive-Lasso) within the CSMR framework can improve the clustering accuracy and internal consistency (IC) of CSMR in high-dimensional settings. We calculated the true positive rate (TPR), true negative rate (TNR), IC and clustering accuracy of our proposed modifications, benchmarked against the existing CSMR algorithm, using an extensive set of simulation studies and real biological datasets. Our results demonstrated that substituting Adaptive-Lasso within the existing feature selection method used in CSMR led to significantly improved IC and clustering accuracy, with strong performance even in high-dimensional scenarios. In conclusion, our modifications of the CSMR method resulted in improved clustering performance and may thus serve as viable alternatives for the regression-based clustering of high-dimensional datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jianghua He
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jinxiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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10
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Chalise P, Kwon D, Fridley BL, Mo Q. Statistical Methods for Integrative Clustering of Multi-omics Data. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2629:73-93. [PMID: 36929074 PMCID: PMC10950392 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2986-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancers are heterogeneous diseases caused by accumulated mutations or abnormal alterations at multi-levels of biological processes including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. There is a great clinical interest in identifying cancer molecular subtypes for disease prognosis and personalized medicine. Integrative clustering is a powerful unsupervised learning method that has been increasingly used to identify cancer molecular subtypes using multi-omics data including somatic mutations, DNA copy numbers, DNA methylation, and gene expression. Integrative clustering methods are generally classified into model-based or nonparametric approaches. In this chapter, we will give an overview of the frequently used model-based methods, including iCluster, iClusterPlus, and iClusterBayes, and the nonparametric method, integrative nonnegative matrix factorization (intNMF). We will use the integrative analyses of uveal melanoma and lower-grade glioma to illustrate these representative methods. Finally, we will discuss the strengths and limitations of these representative methods and give suggestions for performing integrative analyses of cancer multi-omics data in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Deukwoo Kwon
- Department of Population Health Science & Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Qianxing Mo
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
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11
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Ni Y, He J, Chalise P. Randomized singular value decomposition for integrative subtype analysis of 'omics data' using non-negative matrix factorization. Stat Appl Genet Mol Biol 2023; 22:sagmb-2022-0047. [PMID: 37937887 DOI: 10.1515/sagmb-2022-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Integration of multiple 'omics datasets for differentiating cancer subtypes is a powerful technic that leverages the consistent and complementary information across multi-omics data. Matrix factorization is a common technique used in integrative clustering for identifying latent subtype structure across multi-omics data. High dimensionality of the omics data and long computation time have been common challenges of clustering methods. In order to address the challenges, we propose randomized singular value decomposition (RSVD) for integrative clustering using Non-negative Matrix Factorization: intNMF-rsvd. The method utilizes RSVD to reduce the dimensionality by projecting the data into eigen vector space with user specified lower rank. Then, clustering analysis is carried out by estimating common basis matrix across the projected multi-omics datasets. The performance of the proposed method was assessed using the simulated datasets and compared with six state-of-the-art integrative clustering methods using real-life datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas Study. intNMF-rsvd was found working efficiently and competitively as compared to standard intNMF and other multi-omics clustering methods. Most importantly, intNMF-rsvd can handle large number of features and significantly reduce the computation time. The identified subtypes can be utilized for further clinical association studies to understand the etiology of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Ni
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jianghua He
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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12
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Walsh RM, Ambrose J, Bye BA, Eades AE, Jack JL, Ruckert MT, Olou AA, Messaggio F, Chalise P, Pei D, VanSaun MN. Abstract C060: Adipose-tumor crosstalk alters tumor immune profile by promoting PDAC CXCL5 secretion. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.panca22-c060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer death in the US, due to late detection and limited therapeutic options. While the main cause of PDAC remains unknown, obesity has been shown to be a major risk factor. However, the molecular mechanisms behind adipose-tumor crosstalk are still being elucidated. Therefore, understanding the crosstalk between adipose and PDAC is critical for improving therapeutic approaches. We hypothesize that factors secreted by the adipose tissue reprogram pancreatic cancer cells to drive tumor growth and anti-tumor immunity. We observed enhanced proliferation in cells treated with conditioned media made from adipose tissue collected from PDAC [MV1] patients. Subsequent analysis determined that PDAC cells also secrete high levels of CXCL5 in response to stimulation with adipose conditioned media. Pathway analysis of RNA-sequencing data from conditioned-media-treated human PDAC cell lines implicated IL-1β and TNF-α as being involved in the resulting transcript changes. Using recombinant IL-1β, we stimulated CXCL5 secretion from multiple PDAC cell lines. Additionally, we found an enhanced secretion of IL-1β from obese adipose tissue compared to that from lean adipose and, using an anti-IL-1β blocking antibody we were able to partially depress the CXCL5 secretion from cells stimulated with adipose conditioned media. Because CXCL5 is a known neutrophil activating and attracting protein, we used CRISPR to engineer CXCL5 deficient murine PDAC cells. To determine the effect of tumor-derived CXCL5 on PDAC growth and immune recruitment, we orthotopically injected non-targeting-control and CXCL5-KO K8484 cells into wild-type, syngeneic, obese mice. While CXCL5-KO tumors displayed a similar size, we observed a significant change in the tumor immune profile. Despite an increase in the pro-tumorigenic monocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), we found that the CXCL5-KO tumors exhibited a significantly enhanced CD8+ T cell infiltration. However, a high percentage of these CD8+ T cells were PD-1 positive, implicating an exhausted phenotype. Subsequently, we treated wildtype and CXCL5 deficient PDAC bearing obese mice with an anti-PD-1 antibody to promote T-cell re-activation, which resulted in a significantly reduced growth of the CXCL5 deficient tumors. In conclusion, obesity and adipose derived factors directly induce tumor cells to support immune suppression and drive PDAC progression.
Citation Format: R. McKinnon Walsh, Joseph Ambrose, Bailey A. Bye, Austin E. Eades, Jarrid L. Jack, Mariana T. Ruckert, Appolinaire A. Olou, Fanuel Messaggio, Prabhakar Chalise, Dong Pei, Michael N. VanSaun. Adipose-tumor crosstalk alters tumor immune profile by promoting PDAC CXCL5 secretion [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2022 Sep 13-16; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(22 Suppl):Abstract nr C060.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Ambrose
- 1The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS,
| | - Bailey A. Bye
- 1The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS,
| | | | - Jarrid L. Jack
- 1The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS,
| | | | | | | | | | - Dong Pei
- 1The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS,
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13
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Ni Y, He J, Chalise P. Integration of differential expression and network structure for 'omics data analysis. Comput Biol Med 2022; 150:106133. [PMID: 36179515 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Differential expression (DE) analysis has been routinely used to identify molecular features that are statistically significantly different between distinct biological groups. In recent years, differential network (DN) analysis has emerged as a powerful approach to uncover molecular network structure changes from one biological condition to the other where the molecular features with larger topological changes are selected as biomarkers. Although a large number of DE and a few DN-based methods are available, they have been usually implemented independently. DE analysis ignores the relationship among molecular features while DN analysis does not account for the expression changes at individual level. Therefore, an integrative analysis approach that accounts for both DE and DN is required to identify disease associated key features. Although, a handful of methods have been proposed, there is no method that optimizes the combination of DE and DN. We propose a novel integrative analysis method, DNrank, to identify disease-associated molecular features that leverages the strengths of both DE and DN by calculating a weight using resampling based cross validation scheme within the algorithm. First, differential expression analysis of individual molecular features is carried out. Second, a differential network structure is constructed using the differential partial correlation analysis. Third, the molecular features are ranked in the order of their significances by integrating their DE measures and DN structure using the modified Google's PageRank algorithm. In the algorithm, the optimum combination of DE and DN analyses is achieved by evaluating the prediction performance of top-ranked features utilizing support vector machine classifier with Monte Carlo cross validation. The proposed method is illustrated using both simulated data and three real data sets. The results show that the proposed method has a better performance in identifying important molecular features with respect to predictive discrimination. Also, as compared to existing feature selection methods, the top-ranked features selected by our method had a higher stability in selection. DNrank allows the researchers to identify the disease-associated features by utilizing both expression and network topology changes between two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Ni
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Jianghua He
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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14
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Essman M, Christifano D, Sullivan DK, Chalise P, Carbuhn A. Assessing Omega-3 Intake in Sport: the Brief Food Frequency Questionnaire and the Omega-3 Index in Collegiate Women Soccer Players. J Athl Train 2022; 57:1079-1084. [PMID: 35192716 PMCID: PMC9875705 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0549.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Omega-3 fatty acids modulate inflammatory processes and are considered beneficial for sport populations, highlighting a need to assess omega-3 intake in a practical manner. Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are inexpensive, noninvasive tools aimed at evaluating nutrient intakes such as omega-3 fatty acids. In healthy adults, a tailored, brief FFQ for estimating omega-3 intake was associated with the erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acid level, a biomarker for omega-3 tissue status and indicative of intake. However, the association between a brief omega-3 FFQ and erythrocyte levels, particularly the Omega-3 Index (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA], docosahexaenoic acid [DHA], and EPA + DHA), has yet to be explored in a sport population. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between omega-3 intake using a brief FFQ and the Omega-3 Index in collegiate women soccer players. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING University sport team. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Thirty-one National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate women soccer players. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The brief omega-3 FFQ assessed dietary omega-3 intake: DHA and EPA. The OmegaQuant blood test measured erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acid (EPA, DHA) and Omega-3 Index (EPA + DHA) levels. RESULTS Brief FFQ intakes of EPA, DHA, and EPA + DHA were positively correlated with the erythrocyte EPA (r = 0.48, P = .007), DHA (r = 0.73, P < .001), and Omega-3 Index (r = 0.73, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS In a sample of collegiate women soccer players, the brief omega-3 FFQ was correlated with erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acid levels and may offer health practitioners a practical tool for assessing omega-3 intake in this collegiate sport population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macy Essman
- Department of
Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Danielle Christifano
- Department of
Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Debra K. Sullivan
- Department of
Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Aaron Carbuhn
- Department of
Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
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15
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Neums L, Koestler DC, Xia Q, Hu J, Patel S, Bell-Glenn S, Pei D, Zhang B, Boyd S, Chalise P, Thompson JA. Assessing equivalent and inverse change in genes between diverse experiments. Front Bioinform 2022; 2:893032. [DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2022.893032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It is important to identify when two exposures impact a molecular marker (e.g., a gene’s expression) in similar ways, for example, to learn that a new drug has a similar effect to an existing drug. Currently, statistically robust approaches for making comparisons of equivalence of effect sizes obtained from two independently run treatment vs. control comparisons have not been developed.Results: Here, we propose two approaches for evaluating the question of equivalence between effect sizes of two independent studies: a bootstrap test of the Equivalent Change Index (ECI), which we previously developed, and performing Two One-Sided t-Tests (TOST) on the difference in log-fold changes directly. The ECI of a gene is computed by taking the ratio of the effect size estimates obtained from the two different studies, weighted by the maximum of the two p-values and giving it a sign indicating if the effects are in the same or opposite directions, whereas TOST is a test of whether the difference in log-fold changes lies outside a region of equivalence. We used a series of simulation studies to compare the two tests on the basis of sensitivity, specificity, balanced accuracy, and F1-score. We found that TOST is not efficient for identifying equivalently changed gene expression values (F1-score = 0) because it is too conservative, while the ECI bootstrap test shows good performance (F1-score = 0.95). Furthermore, applying the ECI bootstrap test and TOST to publicly available microarray expression data from pancreatic cancer showed that, while TOST was not able to identify any equivalently or inversely changed genes, the ECI bootstrap test identified genes associated with pancreatic cancer. Additionally, when investigating publicly available RNAseq data of smoking vs. vaping, no equivalently changed genes were identified by TOST, but ECI bootstrap test identified genes associated with smoking.Conclusion: A bootstrap test of the ECI is a promising new statistical approach for determining if two diverse studies show similarity in the differential expression of genes and can help to identify genes which are similarly influenced by a specific treatment or exposure. The R package for the ECI bootstrap test is available at https://github.com/Hecate08/ECIbootstrap.
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16
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D'Silva L, Chalise P, Rippee M, Devos H. Challenging the Vestibular System Affects Gait Speed and Cognitive Workload in Chronic Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Healthy Adults. Front Neurol 2022; 13:819169. [PMID: 35812099 PMCID: PMC9259866 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.819169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
People with persistent symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) report imbalance during walking with head movements. The purpose of this study was (1) to compare usual walk gait speed to walking with head turns (HT) between people with mTBI and controls, (2) to compare the cognitive workload from usual walk to HT walk between groups, and (3) to examine if gaze stability deficits and mTBI symptoms influence gait speed. Twenty-three individuals (mean age 55.7 ± 9.3 years) with persistent symptoms after mTBI (between 3 months to 2 years post-injury) were compared with 23 age and sex-matched controls. Participants walked a 12-inch wide, 60-foot walkway when looking ahead and when walking with HT to identify letters and their colors. Gait speed during usual walk and HT walk were calculated. Pupillary responses during both walks were converted to the Index of Cognitive Activity (ICA) as a measure of cognitive workload. Gaze stability was examined by the dynamic visual acuity (DVA) test in the yaw plane. The post-concussion symptom scale (PCSS) was used to collect symptom severity. Within group analysis showed that gait speed was lower during HT walk compared to usual walk in the people with mTBI (p < 0.001) as well as in controls (p < 0.001). ICA was higher with HT compared to usual walk in the mTBI group in the right eye (p = 0.01) and left eye (p = 0.001), and in controls in the right eye (p = 0.01) and left eye (p = 0.01). Participants in the mTBI group had slower usual (p < 0.001), and HT gait speed (p < 0.001) compared to controls. No differences were noted in ICA in the right or left eye during usual walk and HT walk between groups (p > 0.05). DVA loss in the yaw plane to the right and left was not different between groups (p > 0.05) and were not correlated with gait speed. PCSS scores were correlated with usual walk (r = −0.50, p < 0.001) and HT gait speed (r = −0.44, p = 0.002). Slower gait speed, poorer stability, and higher cognitive workload during walking with head turns may reduce community participation in people with mTBI and persistent symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda D'Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Linda D'Silva
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Michael Rippee
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Hannes Devos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
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17
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Mahoney DE, Chalise P, Rahman F, Pierce JD. Influences of Gastrointestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis on Serum Proinflammatory Markers in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Development and Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3022. [PMID: 35740687 PMCID: PMC9220985 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14123022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
GI microbiota has been implicated in producing the inflammatory tumor microenvironment of several cancers. Women with ovarian cancer often report GI-related symptoms at diagnosis although minimal is known about the possible GI bacteria that may trigger pro-tumorigenic immune responses in early EOC. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of GI microbiota dysbiosis on serum inflammatory markers during EOC utilizing a rodent model. This experimental design consisted of C57BL/6 mice randomly assigned to either the microbiota dysbiosis group (n = 6) or control group (n = 5). The CD7BL/6 mice assigned to the microbiota dysbiosis group were administered a mixture of broad-spectrum antibiotics (bacitracin and neomycin) for 2 weeks. Both groups were injected intraperitoneally with mouse ovarian epithelial cells that induce ovarian tumorigenesis. Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were assessed in the serum, and the composition of the GI microbiota in fecal samples was measured using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Overall CRP serum levels were significantly lower and TNFα levels were significantly higher in the microbiota dysbiosis group compared to the control group. The abundances of microbiota that correlated with CRP serum levels in the combined groups were genus Parabacteroides, Roseburia, and Emergencia and species Ruminococcus faecis, Parabacteroides distasonis, Roseburia Faecis, and Emergencia timonensis. This study provides evidence to support for further investigation of the GI microbial profiles in patients at risk of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E. Mahoney
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Faith Rahman
- Clinical Trials Clinical Operations, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Janet D. Pierce
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
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Werner LR, Gibson KA, Goodman ML, Helm DE, Walter KR, Holloran SM, Trinca GM, Hastings RC, Yang HH, Hu Y, Wei J, Lei G, Yang XY, Madan R, Molinolo AA, Markiewicz MA, Chalise P, Axelrod ML, Balko JM, Hunter KW, Hartman ZC, Lange CA, Hagan CR. Abstract 1351: Lauryn Werner. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Clinical studies have linked usage of progestins (synthetic progesterone) to breast cancer risk. However, little is understood regarding the role of native progesterone (P4), signaling through the progesterone receptor (PR), in breast tumor formation. Recently, we reported a link between PR and immune signaling pathways, showing that P4/PR can repress type I interferon signaling pathways. Given these findings, we sought to investigate whether P4/PR drive immunomodulation in the mammary gland and promote tumor formation. To determine the effect of P4 on immune cell populations in the murine mammary gland, mice were treated with P4 or placebo pellets for 21 days. We found that mice treated with P4 exhibited changes in the mammary gland indicative of an inhibited immune response compared to placebo-treated mice. To assess the effect of PR overexpression on mammary gland tumor development as well as immune cell populations in the mammary gland, a transgenic mouse model was used in which PR is overexpressed throughout the entire mouse. Immune cell populations were assessed in the mammary glands by flow cytometry, which revealed decreased numbers of various immune cell populations. Transgenic mice were also monitored for mammary gland tumor development over a 2-year timespan. Following development of mammary gland tumors, immune cell populations in the tumors and spleens of transgenic and control mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. Upon long-term monitoring, we determined that multi-parous PR overexpressing mice developed significantly more mammary gland tumors than control mice. Additionally, tumors from PR overexpressing mice contained fewer infiltrating immune cells, and RNA sequencing analysis of tumor samples revealed that immune-related gene signatures were lower in tumors from PR overexpressing mice as compared to control mice. Finally, we utilized syngeneic mammary gland tumor models to evaluate the effect of P4 on the growth of PR+ mammary gland tumors in vivo, which revealed that P4 promoted tumor growth and decreased immune cell infiltration of PR+ mammary gland tumors. Together, these findings offer a novel mechanism of P4-driven mammary gland tumor development and provide rationale in investigating the usage of anti-progestin therapies to promote immune-mediated elimination of mammary gland tumors.
Citation Format: Lauryn Rose Werner, Katelin A. Gibson, Merit L. Goodman, Dominika E. Helm, Katherine R. Walter, Sean M. Holloran, Gloria M. Trinca, Richard C. Hastings, Howard H. Yang, Ying Hu, Junping Wei, Gangjun Lei, Xiao-Yi Yang, Rashna Madan, Alfredo A. Molinolo, Mary A. Markiewicz, Prabhakar Chalise, Margaret L. Axelrod, Justin M. Balko, Kent W. Hunter, Zachary C. Hartman, Carol A. Lange, Christy R. Hagan. Lauryn Werner [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1351.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying Hu
- 2National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | - Rashna Madan
- 1University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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Abstract
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers, due to late diagnosis and very few available therapeutic treatments. The Kras gene is frequently mutated in pancreatic cancer, but previous clinical trials using RAS inhibitors have proven ineffective. Additionally, many drug treatments targeting the MAPK pathway have shown little success due to the inherent drug resistance of pancreatic cancer cells and to acquired resistance through activation of alternative proliferative pathways such as JAK-STAT and PI3K-AKT. Our pathway analysis after MEK inhibition in pancreatic cancer cells displayed sustained and/or upregulation of AKT activity in multiple cell lines. Therefore, we hypothesize that a combination treatment of Trametinib and Omipalisib would block two prominent mitogenic pathways (MEK and AKT, respectively) to suppress cancer cell proliferation and migration. Multiple analyses including Western blot, clonogenic, 5-Ethynyl-2’-Deoxyuridine (EDU), and scratch migration assays were employed to determine the augmentation of cellular function in murine and anthropic pancreatic cancer cell lines after single or combination treatment with Trametinib and/or Omipalisib. Results demonstrated that application of Omipalisib alone was successful at blocking pAKT but failed to suppress pERK. Conversely, Trametinib alone selectively inhibited pERK but did not affect pAKT levels. The combination treatment successfully suppressed both pathways in relatively low quantities, indicating their efficacy as a dual therapeutic. Dual therapy was further effective at inhibiting cell growth as evidenced by clonogenic and EdU assays. Recovery and closure from an in vitro scratch wound was also significantly inhibited with combination of Omipalisib and Trametinib. In vivo studies demonstrated that both the pancreatic xenograft mean tumor growth and final tumor size were significantly reduced in response to the combination treatment compared to vehicle. In conclusion, dual therapy with Omipalisib and Trametinib showed a greater anti-tumor efficacy than treatment with either drug alone. Currently, we are determining the prolonged effectiveness of this combination treatment program in genetically-engineered mouse models. If successful, a pharmacological application of Omipalisib and Trametinib has the potential to provide a beneficial therapeutic option to pancreatic cancer patients.
Citation Format: Jarrid Jack, Alexandra Pierce, Bailey Bye, McKinnon Walsh, Prabhakar Chalise, Michael N. VanSaun. Dual MEK and AKT inhibition suppresses pancreatic cancer growth and migration [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 4027.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrid Jack
- 1University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | | | - Bailey Bye
- 1University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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D'Silva L, Rippee M, Chalise P, Devos H. Challenging the Vestibular System Results in Slower Gait Speed in People With Persistent Symptoms After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2022.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Werner LR, Gibson KA, Goodman ML, Helm DE, Walter KR, Holloran SM, Trinca GM, Hastings RC, Yang HH, Hu Y, Wei J, Lei G, Yang XY, Madan R, Molinolo AA, Markiewicz MA, Chalise P, Axelrod ML, Balko JM, Hunter KW, Hartman ZC, Lange CA, Hagan CR. Abstract P4-04-07: Progesterone promotes immunomodulation and tumor development in the murine mammary gland. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p4-04-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Clinical studies have linked usage of progestins (synthetic progesterone) to breast cancer risk. However, little is understood regarding the role of native progesterone (P4), signaling through the progesterone receptor (PR), in breast tumor formation. Recently, we reported a link between PR and immune signaling pathways, showing that P4/PR can repress type I interferon signaling pathways. Given these findings, we sought to investigate whether P4/PR drive immunomodulation in the mammary gland and promote tumor formation. To determine the effect of P4 on immune cell populations in the murine mammary gland, mice were treated with P4 or placebo pellets for 21 days. We found that mice treated with P4 exhibited changes in the mammary gland indicative of an inhibited immune response compared to placebo-treated mice. To assess the effect of PR overexpression on mammary gland tumor development as well as immune cell populations in the mammary gland, a transgenic mouse model was used in which PR is overexpressed throughout the entire mouse. Immune cell populations were assessed in the mammary glands by flow cytometry, which revealed decreased numbers of various immune cell populations. Transgenic mice were also monitored for mammary gland tumor development over a 2-year timespan. Following development of mammary gland tumors, immune cell populations in the tumors and spleens of transgenic and control mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. Upon long-term monitoring, we determined that multi-parous PR overexpressing mice developed significantly more mammary gland tumors than control mice. Additionally, tumors from PR overexpressing mice contained fewer infiltrating immune cells, and RNA sequencing analysis of tumor samples revealed that immune-related gene signatures were lower in tumors from PR overexpressing mice as compared to control mice. Finally, we utilized syngeneic mammary gland tumor models to evaluate the effect of P4 on the growth of PR+ mammary gland tumors in vivo, which revealed that P4 promoted tumor growth and decreased immune cell infiltration of PR+ mammary gland tumors. Together, these findings offer a novel mechanism of P4-driven mammary gland tumor development and provide rationale in investigating the usage of anti-progestin therapies to promote immune-mediated elimination of mammary gland tumors.
Citation Format: Lauryn R Werner, Katelin A Gibson, Merit L Goodman, Dominika E Helm, Katherine R Walter, Sean M Holloran, Gloria M Trinca, Richard C Hastings, Howard H Yang, Ying Hu, Junping Wei, Gangjun Lei, Xiao-Yi Yang, Rashna Madan, Alfred A Molinolo, Mary A Markiewicz, Prabhakar Chalise, Margaret L Axelrod, Justin M Balko, Kent W Hunter, Zachary C Hartman, Carol A Lange, Christy R Hagan. Progesterone promotes immunomodulation and tumor development in the murine mammary gland [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-04-07.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying Hu
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | - Rashna Madan
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Alfred A Molinolo
- University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carol A Lange
- University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN
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Choucair K, Dixon D, Bansal A, Klemp JR, Abdulateef Y, Chalise P, Al-Rajabi RMT, Kasi A, Williamson SK, Baranda JC, Sun W, Saeed A. Phase II trial of moderate dose omega-3 acid ethyl esters for colorectal cancer prevention in patients with lynch syndrome (COLYNE). J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.4_suppl.tps209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TPS209 Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common inherited colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome and is responsible for about 3% of newly diagnosed CRC. It is caused by germline mutations in one of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, and patients with LS carry a lifetime risk of CRC ranging between 10% and 70%. The role of inflammation in driving this malignant transformation is now well established and retrospective studies have revealed a potential chemo-preventative role for omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), possibly via inhibition of inflammatory pathways associated with the development of defective MMR CRC tumors. While patients with LS have the highest risk of developing CRC, the majority of chemoprevention trials are focused on sporadic CRC. Effective interventions to reduce the risk of developing CRC in this population are limited to close surveillance and surgical prophylaxis. There is an unmet need for safe, effective, and non-invasive chemo-preventive interventions in patients with LS. Methods: This pilot study is a single-arm, open-label, phase 2 clinical trial of omega-3 acid ethyl esters (generic Lovasa; 2 grams orally once daily) for adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) with confirmed LS (based on germline testing of the MMR genes panel: MLH1, MSH2, MSHS6, PMS2 or deletion in EPCAM gene). Patients who are not candidate for elective endoscopy and/or with prior history of right sided or pan-colectomy are excluded. Thirty-four patients are expected to enroll, with a primary objective to determine the feasibility (defined as 80% retention rate) of 12 months of treatment with 2 grams capsules of omega-3 acid ethyl esters daily. Secondary endpoints include safety and tolerability of the intervention. Correlative aims include pre and post treatment assessment of colon mucosal tissue proliferation (right sided colon specimens will be evaluated for markers of proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptosis (Caspase-3)), the effect of omega-3 acid ethyl esters on inflammatory markers in serum, urine and feces (PGE-2, COX-2, β-catenin levels, and EPA:AA ratios), and gene expression related to proliferation, apoptosis and cell survival in colon tissue (NF-κB/Wnt pathways). The impact of omega-3 acid ethyl esters on intestinal microbiota will also be assessed (16S rRNA-based profiling). Correlative Colon tissue, serum, urine and feces samples are collected at baseline and at 12 months. The study is actively enrolling with 20 patients enrolled at the time of submission. Clinical trial information: NCT03831698.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dan Dixon
- Kansas University Cancer Center, Fairway, KS
| | - Ajay Bansal
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | | | | | | | | | - Anup Kasi
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Westwood, KS
| | | | | | - Weijing Sun
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Kansas University Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS
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Watts A, Chalise P, Hu J, Hui D, Pa J, Andrews SJ, Michaelis EK, Swerdlow RH. A Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup Defines Patterns of Five-Year Cognitive Change. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:913-922. [PMID: 35964186 PMCID: PMC10015634 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may play a role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive decline. A particular haplogroup of mtDNA, haplogroup J, has been observed more commonly in patients with AD than in cognitively normal controls. OBJECTIVE We used two mtDNA haplogroups, H and J, to predict change in cognitive performance over five years. We hypothesized that haplogroup J carriers would show less cognitive resilience. METHODS We analyzed data from 140 cognitively normal older adults who participated in the University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center clinical cohort between 2011 and 2020. We used factor analysis to create three composite scores (verbal memory, attention, and executive function) from 11 individual cognitive tests. We performed latent growth curve modeling to describe trajectories of cognitive performance and change adjusting for age, sex, years of education, and APOE ɛ4 allele carrier status. We compared haplogroup H, the most common group, to haplogroup J, the potential risk group. RESULTS Haplogroup J carriers had significantly lower baseline performance and slower rates of improvement on tests of verbal memory compared to haplogroup H carriers. We did not observe differences in executive function or attention. CONCLUSION Our results reinforce the role of mtDNA in changes to cognitive function in a domain associated with risk for dementia, verbal memory, but not with other cognitive domains. Future research should investigate the distinct mechanisms by which mtDNA might affect performance on verbal memory as compared to other cognitive domains across haplogroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Watts
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center
| | - Jinxiang Hu
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center
| | - Dongwei Hui
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas
| | - Judy Pa
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego
| | - Shea J Andrews
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Elias K Michaelis
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center
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Zhang B, He J, Hu J, Koestler DC, Chalise P. Letter to the Editor: on the stability and internal consistency of component-wise sparse mixture regression-based clustering. Brief Bioinform 2021; 23:6483066. [PMID: 34953466 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between molecular markers and a phenotype of interest is often obfuscated by patient-level heterogeneity. To address this challenge, Chang et al. recently published a novel method called Component-wise Sparse Mixture Regression (CSMR), a regression-based clustering method that promises to detect heterogeneous relationships between molecular markers and a phenotype of interest under high-dimensional settings. In this Letter to the Editor, we raise awareness to several issues concerning the assessment of CSMR in Chang et al., particularly its assessment in settings where the number of features, P, exceeds the study sample size, N, and advocate for additional metrics/approaches when assessing the performance of regression-based clustering methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jianghua He
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jinxiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Krishnamachary B, Mahajan A, Kumar A, Agarwal S, Mohan A, Chen L, Hsue PY, Chalise P, Morris A, Dhillon NK. Extracellular Vesicle TGF-β1 Is Linked to Cardiopulmonary Dysfunction in Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:413-429. [PMID: 34014809 PMCID: PMC8525206 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0010oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as important mediators in cell-cell communication; however, their relevance in pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is yet to be explored. Considering that circulating monocytes are the source of the increased number of perivascular macrophages surrounding the remodeled vessels in PH, this study aimed to identify the role of circulating small EVs and EVs released by HIV-infected human monocyte-derived macrophages in the development of PH. We report significantly higher numbers of plasma-derived EVs carrying higher levels of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1) in HIV-positive individuals with PH compared with individuals without PH. Importantly, levels of these TGF-β1-loaded, plasma-derived EVs correlated with pulmonary arterial systolic pressures and CD4 counts but did not correlate with the Dl CO or viral load. Correspondingly, enhanced TGF-β1-dependent pulmonary endothelial injury and smooth muscle hyperplasia were observed. HIV-1 infection of monocyte-derived macrophages in the presence of cocaine resulted in an increased number of TGF-β1-high EVs, and intravenous injection of these EVs in rats led to increased right ventricle systolic pressure accompanied by myocardial injury and increased levels of serum ET-1 (endothelin-1), TNF-α, and cardiac troponin-I. Conversely, pretreatment of rats with TGF-β receptor 1 inhibitor prevented these EV-mediated changes. Findings define the ability of macrophage-derived small EVs to cause pulmonary vascular modeling and PH via modulation of TGF-β signaling and suggest clinical implications of circulating TGF-β-high EVs as a potential biomarker of HIV-associated PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Krishnamachary
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Aatish Mahajan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Stuti Agarwal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Aradhana Mohan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Ling Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Priscilla Y. Hsue
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Alison Morris
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Navneet K. Dhillon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and
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Bajracharya SL, Chalise P. Awareness Regarding Cervical Cancer among Reproductive Age Women Residing in Nuwakot District. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021; 19:446-450. [PMID: 36259187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is the most common malignancy among Nepalese women and it is main cause of death among reproductive age women in Nepal. Objective The objective of this study was to find out awareness regarding cervical cancer among reproductive age women residing in Nuwakot district. Method A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the awareness about cervical cancer among reproductive age women of Nuwakot district from April to May 2021. A total of 190 respondents were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential analysis were conducted using SPSS version 23 not licenced but trail version. Result Among 190 reproductive age women, the mean age was 33.37±8.39 (Mean±SD). Nearly 10% of respondents answered the meaning of cervical cancer correctly. Among them 30% of respondents did not know about the cause. Similarly, only 7.4% of respondents answered that HPV Infection was risk factor, 2.6% of respondents knew about appropriate age for HPV vaccine. However, nearly 19% of respondents answered that cervical cancer screening was needed for sexually exposed women. There was a significant difference in mean of awareness among different ethnicity (p=0.014), educational level (p=0.001) and there was no significant difference in mean of awareness among different age group, marital status, occupation, family history of cervical cancer and smoking habit. Conclusion Most of the reproductive age women were unaware about meaning, causes, risk factors and preventive measures of cervical cancer. So, there is a need for the implementation of awareness programs on cervical cancer and its preventive measures in this community.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Bajracharya
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery Program, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - P Chalise
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery Program, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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D'Silva LJ, Chalise P, Obaidat S, Rippee M, Devos H. Oculomotor Deficits and Symptom Severity Are Associated With Poorer Dynamic Mobility in Chronic Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Neurol 2021; 12:642457. [PMID: 34381408 PMCID: PMC8350131 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.642457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oculomotor deficits, vestibular impairments, and persistent symptoms are common after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI); however, the relationship between visual-vestibular deficits, symptom severity, and dynamic mobility tasks is unclear. Twenty-three individuals (mean age 55.7 ± 9.3 years) with persistent symptoms after mTBI, who were between 3 months to 2 years post-injury were compared with 23 age and sex-matched controls. Oculomotor deficits [depth perception, near-point convergence, baseline visual acuity (BLVA), perception time], vestibular deficits (dynamic visual acuity in the pitch and yaw planes), dynamic mobility measured by the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA), and symptoms measured by the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) were compared between groups. Participants with mTBI had poorer performance on the FGA (p < 0.001), higher symptom severity on the PCSS (p < 0.001), and higher DHI scores (p < 0.001) compared to controls. Significant differences were seen on specific items of the FGA between individuals with mTBI and controls during walking with horizontal head turns (p = 0.002), walking with vertical head tilts (p < 0.001), walking with eyes closed (p = 0.003), and stair climbing (p = 0.001). FGA performance was correlated with weeks since concussion (r = −0.67, p < 0.001), depth perception (r = −0.5348, p < 0.001), near point convergence (r = −0.4717, p = 0.001), baseline visual acuity (r = −0.4435, p = 0.002); as well as with symptoms on the PCSS (r = −0.668, p < 0.001), and DHI (r = −0.811, p < 0.001). Dynamic balance deficits persist in chronic mTBI and may be addressed using multifaceted rehabilitation strategies to address oculomotor dysfunction, post-concussion symptoms, and perception of handicap due to dizziness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J D'Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Sakher Obaidat
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Michael Rippee
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Health System, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Hannes Devos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science, and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
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Krishnamachary B, Cook C, Kumar A, Spikes L, Chalise P, Dhillon NK. Extracellular vesicle-mediated endothelial apoptosis and EV-associated proteins correlate with COVID-19 disease severity. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12117. [PMID: 34262673 PMCID: PMC8254805 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has lead to a global pandemic with a rising toll in infections and deaths. Better understanding of its pathogenesis will greatly improve the outcomes and treatment of affected patients. Here we compared the inflammatory and cardiovascular disease-related protein cargo of circulating large and small extracellular vesicles (EVs) from 84 hospitalized patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 with different stages of disease severity. Our findings reveal significant enrichment of proinflammatory, procoagulation, immunoregulatory and tissue-remodelling protein signatures in EVs, which remarkably distinguished symptomatic COVID-19 patients from uninfected controls with matched comorbidities and delineated those with moderate disease from those who were critically ill. Specifically, EN-RAGE, followed by TF and IL-18R1, showed the strongest correlation with disease severity and length of hospitalization. Importantly, EVs from COVID-19 patients induced apoptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in the order of disease severity. In conclusion, our findings support a role for EVs in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease and underpin the development of EV-based approaches to predicting disease severity, determining need for patient hospitalization and identifying new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Krishnamachary
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Christine Cook
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Leslie Spikes
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics & Data ScienceUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Navneet K. Dhillon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
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29
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Werner LR, Gibson KA, Goodman ML, Helm DE, Walter KR, Holloran SM, Trinca GM, Hastings RC, Yang HH, Hu Y, Wei J, Lei G, Yang XY, Madan R, Molinolo AA, Markiewicz MA, Chalise P, Axelrod ML, Balko JM, Hunter KW, Hartman ZC, Lange CA, Hagan CR. Progesterone promotes immunomodulation and tumor development in the murine mammary gland. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-001710. [PMID: 33958486 PMCID: PMC8103939 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies have linked usage of progestins (synthetic progesterone [P4]) to breast cancer risk. However, little is understood regarding the role of native P4, signaling through the progesterone receptor (PR), in breast tumor formation. Recently, we reported a link between PR and immune signaling pathways, showing that P4/PR can repress type I interferon signaling pathways. Given these findings, we sought to investigate whether P4/PR drive immunomodulation in the mammary gland and promote tumor formation. METHODS To determine the effect of P4 on immune cell populations in the murine mammary gland, mice were treated with P4 or placebo pellets for 21 days. Immune cell populations in the mammary gland, spleen, and inguinal lymph nodes were subsequently analyzed by flow cytometry. To assess the effect of PR overexpression on mammary gland tumor development as well as immune cell populations in the mammary gland, a transgenic mouse model was used in which PR was overexpressed throughout the entire mouse. Immune cell populations were assessed in the mammary glands, spleens, and inguinal lymph nodes of 6-month-old transgenic and control mice by flow cytometry. Transgenic mice were also monitored for mammary gland tumor development over a 2-year time span. Following development of mammary gland tumors, immune cell populations in the tumors and spleens of transgenic and control mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that mice treated with P4 exhibited changes in the mammary gland indicative of an inhibited immune response compared with placebo-treated mice. Furthermore, transgenic mice with PR overexpression demonstrated decreased numbers of immune cell populations in their mammary glands, lymph nodes, and spleens. On long-term monitoring, we determined that multiparous PR-overexpressing mice developed significantly more mammary gland tumors than control mice. Additionally, tumors from PR-overexpressing mice contained fewer infiltrating immune cells. Finally, RNA sequencing analysis of tumor samples revealed that immune-related gene signatures were lower in tumors from PR-overexpressing mice as compared with control mice. CONCLUSION Together, these findings offer a novel mechanism of P4-driven mammary gland tumor development and provide rationale in investigating the usage of antiprogestin therapies to promote immune-mediated elimination of mammary gland tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity/drug effects
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/chemically induced
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Drug Implants
- Female
- Galectin 4/genetics
- Galectin 4/metabolism
- Immunity, Innate/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/immunology
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
- Mice, Transgenic
- Ovariectomy
- Progesterone/administration & dosage
- Receptors, Progesterone/agonists
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Escape/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauryn R Werner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Katelin A Gibson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Merit L Goodman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Dominika E Helm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Katherine R Walter
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sean M Holloran
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Gloria M Trinca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Richard C Hastings
- Flow Cytometry Core Laboratory, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Howard H Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Junping Wei
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gangjun Lei
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiao-Yi Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rashna Madan
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Alfredo A Molinolo
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mary A Markiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Margaret L Axelrod
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Justin M Balko
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kent W Hunter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Carol A Lange
- Department of Medicine (Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation), University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christy R Hagan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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30
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Wilkins HM, Wang X, Menta BW, Koppel SJ, Bothwell R, Becker AM, Anderson H, Schwartz E, Pei D, Yellapu NK, Chalise P, Gouvion CM, Haeri M, Burns JM, Swerdlow RH. Bioenergetic and inflammatory systemic phenotypes in Alzheimer's disease APOE ε4-carriers. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13356. [PMID: 33939248 PMCID: PMC8135087 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the impact of an APOE ε4 genotype on Alzheimer's disease (AD) subject platelet and lymphocyte metabolism. Mean platelet mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase Vmax activity was lower in APOE ε4 carriers and lymphocyte Annexin V, a marker of apoptosis, was significantly higher. Proteins that mediate mitophagy and energy sensing were higher in APOE ε4 lymphocytes which could represent compensatory changes and recapitulate phenomena observed in post‐mortem AD brains. Analysis of the lipid synthesis pathway found higher AceCSI, ATP CL, and phosphorylated ACC levels in APOE ε4 lymphocytes. Lymphocyte ACC changes were also observed in post‐mortem brain tissue. Lymphocyte RNAseq showed lower APOE ε4 carrier sphingolipid Transporter 3 (SPNS3) and integrin Subunit Alpha 1 (ITGA1) expression. RNAseq pathway analysis revealed APOE ε4 alleles activated inflammatory pathways and modulated bioenergetic signaling. These findings support a relationship between APOE genotype and bioenergetic pathways and indicate platelets and lymphocytes from APOE ε4 carriers exist in a state of bioenergetic stress. Neither medication use nor brain‐localized AD histopathology can account for these findings, which define an APOE ε4‐determined molecular and systemic phenotype that informs AD etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M. Wilkins
- Department of Neurology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Xiaowan Wang
- Department of Neurology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Blaise W. Menta
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Scott J. Koppel
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Rebecca Bothwell
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
| | | | - Heidi Anderson
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Erin Schwartz
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Dong Pei
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Nanda K. Yellapu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Cynthia M. Gouvion
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Mohammad Haeri
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Burns
- Department of Neurology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Russell H. Swerdlow
- Department of Neurology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Kansas City KS USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
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31
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Dimachkie MD, Bechtel MD, Robertson HL, Michel C, Lee EK, Sullivan DK, Chalise P, Thrasher JB, Parker WP, Godwin AK, Pathak HB, DiGiovanni J, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Hamilton-Reeves JM. Exploration of biomarkers from a pilot weight management study for men undergoing radical prostatectomy. Urol Oncol 2021; 39:495.e7-495.e15. [PMID: 33563536 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several biologic mechanisms, including inflammation and immune changes, have been proposed to explain the role of obesity in prostate cancer (CaP) progression. Compared to men of a healthy weight, overweight and obese men are more likely to have CaP recurrence post-prostatectomy. Obesity is related to inflammation and immune dysregulation; thus, weight loss may be an avenue to reduce inflammation and reverse these immune processes. OBJECTIVES This study explores the reversibility of the biological mechanisms through intentional weight loss using a comprehensive weight management program in men undergoing prostatectomy. Outcomes include blood and tissue biomarkers, microtumor environment gene expression, inflammation markers and Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores. METHODS Twenty overweight men undergoing prostatectomy participated in this study. Fifteen men chose the intervention and 5 men chose the nonintervention group. The intervention consisted of a comprehensive weight loss program prior to prostatectomy and a weight maintenance program following surgery. Prostate tissue samples were obtained from diagnostic biopsies before the intervention and prostatectomy samples after weight loss. Blood samples and diet records were collected at baseline, pre-surgery after weight loss and at study end after weight maintenance. Immunohistochemistry and NanoString analysis were used to analyze the tissue samples. Flow cytometry was used to assess circulating immune markers. Inflammation markers were measured using Luminex panels. RESULTS The intervention group lost >5% body weight prior to surgery. DII scores improved during the weight loss intervention from baseline to pre-surgery (P = 0.002); and between group differences were significant (P = 0.02). DII scores were not associated with IL-6 nor hsCRP. In the intervention, CXCL12, CXCR7, and CXCR4 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand/receptor) and Ki67 expression decreased in the prostate tissue from biopsy to surgery (P = 0.06), yet plasma CXCL12 increased during the same timeframe (P = 0.009). The downregulation of several genes (FDR<0.001) was observed in the intervention compared to the non-intervention. Changes in immune cells were not significant in either group. CONCLUSION This feasibility study demonstrates that in overweight men with localized CaP, weight loss alters blood, and tissue biomarkers, as well as tumor gene expression. More research is needed to determine the biological and clinical significance of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Misty D Bechtel
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Hilary L Robertson
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Carrie Michel
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Eugene K Lee
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Debra K Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | | | - William P Parker
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Harsh B Pathak
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC
| | - Jill M Hamilton-Reeves
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Department of Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.
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32
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Ashraf N, Dias A, Clough LA, Ni Y, Chalise P, Atrouni WE. 1088. Extracorporeal Photopheresis and Infectious Complications in Patients with Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020. [PMCID: PMC7776460 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP), is a cell-based immune-modulatory therapy used in the treatment of steroid refractory chronic graft versus host disease (cGHVD). It is unclear whether ECP is associated with an increased risk of infections compared to alternative treatment. We aimed to study the infectious complications in patients who are on ECP post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (alloHSCT). Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with cGVHD post alloHSCT who were initiated on ECP or second line immunosuppressive agents (SLIS). The study period was from March 1, 2014 to October 1, 2018. Each subject in the ECP arm was matched to the SLIS arm according to gender, age, underlying disease, and date of diagnosis of cGVHD. All subjects were followed for one-year post treatment. The main outcome was incidence of each type of infection (event rate/ person-years). Kaplan Meier analysis was used, evaluating time to infection with log rank test. The spectrum of infectious complications was described. Results Seventy-seven patients were included (36 in ECP and 41 in SLIS arm). Median age was 57.4 years (18.1 -73.4), and 59.7% of patients were male. The most common underlying diseases were acute myeloid leukemia (45.4%), myelodysplastic syndrome (20.8%) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (15.6%). A total occurrence of 94 infections was observed in the ECP arm, compared to 118 in SLIS arm. Bacterial infections accounted for majority of the infections in ECP arm (50%) compared to SLIS arm in which viruses were most common (49.2%). Bacterial pneumonia was the most common clinical syndrome (34% and 27.3%, in the ECP and SLIS arms, respectively). Bacteremia accounted for 12.8% of infections in the ECP arm compared to 16.4% in the SLIS arm. There was no difference in the event rates of infections among the two groups [2.58/ person-years in ECP group vs 3.60/person-years, p = 0.3766], or the probability of infection at any time between the ECP and SLIS group on Kaplan Meier (log rank test, p-value=0.36)(Figure 1). Kaplan-Meier plot of time to the earliest infection diagnosis between ECP and control group ![]()
Conclusion Bacterial and viral pneumonia were the most common infections in patients undergoing ECP. Overall, ECP does not confer an increased risk of infectious complications compared to second line IS agents. Disclosures Wissam El Atrouni, MD, ViiV (Advisor or Review Panel member)
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Ashraf
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Erie, Pennsylvania
| | - Ajoy Dias
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lisa A Clough
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Erie, Pennsylvania
| | - Yonghui Ni
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Erie, Pennsylvania
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33
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Hamilton-Reeves JM, Johnson CN, Hand LK, Bechtel MD, Robertson HL, Michel C, Metcalf M, Chalise P, Mahan NJ, Mirza M, Lee EK, Sullivan DK, Klemp JR, Befort CA, Parker WP, Gibbs HD, Demark-Wahnefried W, Thrasher JB. Feasibility of a Weight Management Program Tailored for Overweight Men with Localized Prostate Cancer - A Pilot Study. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2671-2686. [PMID: 33295204 PMCID: PMC8371995 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1856890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight men with prostate cancer are more likely to suffer from recurrence and death following prostatectomy compared with healthy weight men. This study tested the feasibility of delivering a comprehensive program to foster weight loss before and weight maintenance after surgery in overweight men with localized prostate cancer. METHODS Twenty overweight men scheduled for prostatectomy elected either the intervention (n = 15) or the nonintervention (n = 5). Anthropometrics, biomarkers, diet quality, nutrition literacy, quality of life, and long-term follow-up were assessed in both groups. RESULTS The intervention led to 5.55 kg of weight loss including 3.88 kg of fat loss from baseline to surgery (mean = 8.3 weeks). The intervention significantly increased fiber, protein, fruit, nut, and vegetable intake; and decreased trans fats intake during weight loss. The intervention significantly reduced insulin, C-peptide, systolic blood pressure, leptin:adiponectin ratio, and visceral adiposity compared to the nonintervention. Post-surgically, weight loss was maintained. Changes in lipid profiles, nutrition literacy, and follow-up were not statistically significant in either group. CONCLUSION Significant weight loss (≥5%) is feasible with a coaching intervention in overweight men preparing for prostatectomy and is associated with favorable cardiometabolic effects. This study is registered under NCT02252484 (www.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Hamilton-Reeves
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Department of Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Chelsea N Johnson
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Lauren K Hand
- Department of Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Misty D Bechtel
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Hilary L Robertson
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Carrie Michel
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Meredith Metcalf
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Nicholas J Mahan
- Department of Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Moben Mirza
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Eugene K Lee
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Debra K Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Jennifer R Klemp
- Breast Cancer Prevention Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Westwood, Kansas, USA
| | - Christie A Befort
- Department of Preventative Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - William P Parker
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Heather D Gibbs
- Department of Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Wendy Demark-Wahnefried
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - J Brantley Thrasher
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Chalise P, Sharma P, Hui D, Mahnken JD, Michaelis ML, Michaelis EK, Swerdlow RH. Association of Alzheimer’s disease progression with baseline clinical and genetic characteristics. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.042362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Palash Sharma
- University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
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Zhong Y, Chalise P, He J. Nested cross-validation with ensemble feature selection and classification model for high-dimensional biological data. COMMUN STAT-SIMUL C 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/03610918.2020.1850790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhong
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jianghua He
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Bajracharya J, Bhandari N, Chalise P, Tiwari D. Perception Regarding Care of Attempted Suicide Patients among Nursing Students in Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2020; 18:402-406. [PMID: 34165100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Suicide is an act of deliberately killing oneself. It is a global health problem and is the second leading cause of death in 15 to 29 years. Thus, studying nursing students' perception towards suicide attempters has paramount importance in understanding and addressing the existing gaps in healthcare delivery system. Objective To assess the nursing students' perception towards attempted suicide and to find out the association between perception and selected variables. Method A descriptive, cross sectional design was carried out to assess the nursing students' perception towards suicide attempters in Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences. The respondents were 193 nursing students. A structured questionnaire was used in order to collect data. Descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated to summarize the data and inferential statistics, Mann Whitney-U test was used for the association between perception and selected variables. Result A total 193 nursing students participated in this study. The scores between 1 and 2.4 were considered 'positive', 'unsure' or 'uncertain', between 2.5 and 3.4 and negative for 3.5 and above' over all nurses showed relatively negative perception towards suicide attempters. According to results from eight domains of perception, those who did not attend the courses on psychiatry nursing presented higher score, which was found to have significant association with permissiveness, unpredictability and incomprehensibility. A younger nursing student shows significant association with incomprehensibility. Younger nursing student showed statistically significant association with duration of suicide process. Conclusion Nursing students are frequently encountered with attempted suicide patients. Therefore, they must be aware of their attitudes toward this group of patients as part of their professional and therapeutic role. Thus a nurse's positive perception towards attempted suicide can play a key role in communicating and preventing a future suicide attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bajracharya
- Department of Nursing, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - N Bhandari
- Department of Nursing, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - P Chalise
- Department of Nursing, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - D Tiwari
- Department of Nursing, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Krishnamachary B, Cook C, Spikes L, Chalise P, Dhillon NK. The Potential Role of Extracellular Vesicles in COVID-19 Associated Endothelial injury and Pro-inflammation. medRxiv 2020:2020.08.27.20182808. [PMID: 32909001 PMCID: PMC7480053 DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.27.20182808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 infection caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a global pandemic with the number of deaths growing exponentially. Early evidence points to significant endothelial dysfunction, micro-thromboses, pro-inflammation as well as a dysregulated immune response in the pathogenesis of this disease. In this study, we analyzed the cargo of EVs isolated from the plasma of patients with COVID-19 for the identification of potential biomarkers of disease severity and to explore their role in disease pathogenesis. Plasma-derived EVs were isolated from 53 hospitalized patients with COVID infection and compared according to the severity of the disease. Analysis of inflammatory and cardiovascular protein cargo of large EVs revealed significantly differentially expressed proteins for each disease sub-group. Notably, members of the TNF superfamily and IL-6 family were up-regulated in patients on oxygen support with severe and moderate disease. EVs from the severe group were also enhanced with pro-thrombotic/endothelial injury factors (TF, t-PA, vWF) and proteins associated with cardiovascular pathology (MB, PRSS8, REN, HGF). Significantly higher levels of TF, CD163, and EN-RAGE were observed in EVs from severe patients when compared to patients with a moderate disease requiring supplemental O2. Importantly, we also observed increased caspase 3/7 activity and decreased cell survival in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells exposed to EVs from the plasma of patients with severe disease compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, our findings indicate alterations in pro-inflammatory, coagulopathy, and endothelial injury protein cargo in large EVs in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection that may be a causative agent in severe illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Krishnamachary
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Christine Cook
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Leslie Spikes
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Navneet K. Dhillon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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Hansen JK, Voss J, Ganatra H, Langner T, Chalise P, Stokes S, Bhavsar D, Kovac AL. Sedation and Analgesia During Pediatric Burn Dressing Change: A Survey of American Burn Association Centers. J Burn Care Res 2020; 40:287-293. [PMID: 30844056 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sedation practices for pediatric burn patients during dressing changes vary between institutions and providers. To better understand the current trends in pediatric sedation practice, a survey was conducted among the members of the American Burn Association (ABA). Questions asked about nonoperating room sedation and analgesia practices for burn patients (ages 0-17) having dressing changes in the intensive care unit, inpatient unit, and outpatient clinics. ABA members providing sedation for pediatric patients undergoing burn dressing changes are diverse. Physician respondents included surgeons, critical care intensivists, and anesthesiologists. Others included physician assistants, nurse anesthetists, nurse practitioners, and sedation credentialed nurses. Opioids for pain control were prescribed by 100% of respondents, but use of adjuvant nonopioid analgesics was utilized <50% of the time. Benzodiazepines and ketamine were prescribed more than twice as often as other sedatives. Many noted that up to 50% of children did not have adequately controlled anxiety and pain with initial sedation plans, and escalation of care was needed to complete dressing changes. Self-reported adverse events were infrequent. In outpatient settings, benzodiazepines, ketamine, oral opioids, and topical lidocaine were used frequently, as were nonpharmacologic methods of distraction and comfort. Sedation in pediatric burn patients is challenging. Responses highlighted areas for improvement regarding pain control during dressing changes and increasing use of multimodal analgesia. Commonly used medications including opioids, benzodiazepine, and ketamine are well established in the treatment of burn patients, as are nonpharmacologic methods. A collaborative effort among institutions is needed to formulate practice guidelines for sedation during burn dressing changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Hansen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Jordan Voss
- School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Hammad Ganatra
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Travis Langner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Shaun Stokes
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Dhaval Bhavsar
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
| | - Anthony L Kovac
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
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Swerdlow RH, Hui D, Chalise P, Sharma P, Wang X, Andrews SJ, Pa J, Mahnken JD, Morris J, Wilkins HM, Burns JM, Michaelis ML, Michaelis EK. Exploratory analysis of mtDNA haplogroups in two Alzheimer's longitudinal cohorts. Alzheimers Dement 2020; 16:1164-1172. [PMID: 32543785 PMCID: PMC9847473 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants may influence Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. METHODS We sequenced mtDNA from 146 AD and 265 cognitively normal (CN) subjects from the University of Kansas AD Center (KUADC) and assigned haplogroups. We further considered 244 AD and 242 CN AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) subjects with equivalent data. RESULTS Without applying multiple comparisons corrections, KUADC haplogroup J AD and CN frequencies were 16.4% versus 7.6% (P = .007), and haplogroup K AD and CN frequencies were 4.8% versus 10.2% (P = .063). ADNI haplogroup J AD and CN frequencies were 10.7% versus 7.0% (P = .20), and haplogroup K frequencies were 4.9% versus 8.7% (P = .11). For the combined 390 AD and 507 CN cases haplogroup J frequencies were 12.8% versus 7.3% (P = .006), odds ratio (OR) = 1.87, and haplogroup K frequencies were 4.9% versus 9.5% (P = .010), OR = 0.49. Associations remained significant after adjusting for apolipoprotein E, age, and sex. CONCLUSION This exploratory analysis suggests inherited mtDNA variants influence AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell H. Swerdlow
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Dongwei Hui
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Palash Sharma
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Xinkun Wang
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shea J. Andrews
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Judy Pa
- Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics InstituteUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Mahnken
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Jill Morris
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Heather M. Wilkins
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Burns
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Mary L. Michaelis
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Elias K. Michaelis
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Fabian CJ, Khan SA, Garber JE, Dooley WC, Yee LD, Klemp JR, Nydegger JL, Powers KR, Kreutzjans AL, Zalles CM, Metheny T, Phillips TA, Hu J, Koestler DC, Chalise P, Yellapu NK, Jernigan C, Petroff BK, Hursting SD, Kimler BF. Randomized Phase IIB Trial of the Lignan Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside in Premenopausal Women at Increased Risk for Development of Breast Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 13:623-634. [PMID: 32312713 PMCID: PMC7335358 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a multiinstitutional, placebo-controlled phase IIB trial of the lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) found in flaxseed. Benign breast tissue was acquired by random periareolar fine needle aspiration (RPFNA) from premenopausal women at increased risk for breast cancer. Those with hyperplasia and ≥2% Ki-67 positive cells were eligible for randomization 2:1 to 50 mg SDG/day (Brevail) versus placebo for 12 months with repeat bio-specimen acquisition. The primary endpoint was difference in change in Ki-67 between randomization groups. A total of 180 women were randomized, with 152 ultimately evaluable for the primary endpoint. Median baseline Ki-67 was 4.1% with no difference between arms. Median Ki-67 change was -1.8% in the SDG arm (P = 0.001) and -1.2% for placebo (P = 0.034); with no significant difference between arms. As menstrual cycle phase affects proliferation, secondary analysis was performed for 117 women who by progesterone levels were in the same phase of the menstrual cycle at baseline and off-study tissue sampling. The significant Ki-67 decrease persisted for SDG (median = -2.2%; P = 0.002) but not placebo (median = -1.0%). qRT-PCR was performed on 77 pairs of tissue specimens. Twenty-two had significant ERα gene expression changes (<0.5 or >2.0) with 7 of 10 increases in placebo and 10 of 12 decreases for SDG (P = 0.028), and a difference between arms (P = 0.017). Adverse event incidence was similar in both groups, with no evidence that 50 mg/day SDG is harmful. Although the proliferation biomarker analysis showed no difference between the treatment group and the placebo, the trial demonstrated use of SDG is tolerable and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol J Fabian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | | | | | - William C Dooley
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | | | - Jennifer R Klemp
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jennifer L Nydegger
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Kandy R Powers
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Amy L Kreutzjans
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Carola M Zalles
- Department of Pathology, Boca Raton Hospital, Boca Raton, Florida
| | - Trina Metheny
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Teresa A Phillips
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jinxiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Nanda Kumar Yellapu
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Cheryl Jernigan
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Brian K Petroff
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Stephen D Hursting
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Bruce F Kimler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
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Khakurel G, Shakya D, Chalise P, Chalise S. Association of Subjective Sleep Quality and Glycemic Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A cross sectional study. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2020; 18:107-110. [PMID: 33594014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Sleep disorders are considered as one of the important risk factor which have a great impact on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective The objectives of this study was to determine the effect of sleep quality on the glycemic level among type 2 diabetic patients. Method This was a cross sectional study done in 208 type 2 diabetic patients visiting Kathmandu Medical College Public Limited from July 2019 to December 2019. Data regarding sleep quality was collected by using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index taking global cut off score ≥ 8 as poor sleeper. Glycated hemoglobin level ≥ 7 was considered as poor glycemic control. Chi square test was used to compare parameters between good sleeper and poor sleeper. Independent sample t test compared the means of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index factors and glycemic contol. A logistic regression analysis of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index factors and glycated hemoglobin was done. Values of p ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result The study findings revealed that 62 % had poor glycemic control and 58.7 % were poor quality sleeper. There was a significant association of sleep quality with glycemic control and duration of diabetes. Logistic regression analyses showed that subjective sleep quality was risk factor for poor glycemic control. The odds ratio for subjective sleep quality was found to be 4.59 (2.13-9.91). Conclusion Poor sleep quality was common in type 2 diabetic patients. This study showed that the risk factors for poor subjective sleep quality include poor glycemic control and longer duration of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Khakurel
- Department of Physiology, Kathmandu Medical College, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - D Shakya
- Department of Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - P Chalise
- Department of Psychiatry, Kathmandu Medical College, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
| | - S Chalise
- Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College, Duwakot, Bhaktapur, Nepal
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Chalise P, Ni Y, Fridley BL. Network-based integrative clustering of multiple types of genomic data using non-negative matrix factorization. Comput Biol Med 2020; 118:103625. [PMID: 31999549 PMCID: PMC7078030 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Identification of novel molecular subtypes of disease using multi-source 'omics data is an active area of on-going research. Integrative clustering is a powerful approach to identify latent subtype structure inherent in the data sets accounting for both between and within data correlations. We propose a new integrative network-based clustering method using the non-negative matrix factorization, nNMF, for clustering multiple types of interrelated datasets assayed on same tumor-samples. nNMF utilizes the consensus matrices generated using the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm on each type of data as networks among the patient samples. The multiple networks are then combined, and a comprehensive network structure is created optimizing the strengths of the relationships. A spectral clustering algorithm is then used on the final network data to determine the cluster groups. nNMF is a non-parametric method and therefore prior assumptions on the statistical distribution of data is not required. The application of the proposed nNMF method has been provided with simulated and the real-life datasets obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas studies on glioblastoma, lower grade glioma and head and neck cancer. nNMF was found to be working competitively with previous methods and sometimes better as compared to previous NMF or model-based method especially when the signal to noise ratio is small. The novel nNMF method allows researchers to utilize such relationships to identify the latent subtype structure inherent in the data so that further association studies can be carried out. The R program for the nNMF will be available upon request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - Yonghui Ni
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 USF Magnolia Dr, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
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Phadnis MA, Sharma P, Thewarapperuma N, Chalise P. Assessing accuracy of Weibull shape parameter estimate from historical studies for subsequent sample size calculation in clinical trials with time-to-event outcome. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2020; 17:100548. [PMID: 32154431 PMCID: PMC7052506 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent developments in literature on sample size calculations for time-to-event outcomes involve assumption of Weibull distributed times. These methods require a point estimate of the Weibull shape parameter obtained from historical studies. However, very limited guidance exists in published literature to assess how reliable this point estimate is when it is obtained from published results of a historical study. Methods We conduct simulations to assess how accurate and reliable the point estimate of the Weibull shape parameter is when it is estimated from published results of median survival time and/or corresponding interquartile range. Accuracy of this estimate is assessed using the criteria of average relative bias, root mean square error, and coefficient of variation for various combinations of sample sizes and censoring rates. Sensitivity of these calculations is assessed first, by increasing the number of survival quantiles used to calculate accuracy, and second, by using the full Kaplan Meier (KM) curve from the historical study. Results Our simulations suggest that point estimate of the shape parameter is reasonably accurate when estimated from historical studies with sample size ≥ 50 with censoring rate approximately 20%. Knowledge of the median and inter-quartile range seems to be adequate for this purpose. For historical studies with small sample sizes or higher censoring rates, more information needs to be abstracted from the published KM curves to improve accuracy. Conclusions We conclude that assessing the accuracy of Weibull shape parameter estimate is important before it can be used to conduct sample size calculations for a subsequent trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milind A Phadnis
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Palash Sharma
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Nadeesha Thewarapperuma
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Fabian CJ, Nye L, Phillips TA, Winblad O, Zalles CM, Hagan CR, Goodman ML, Gajewski BJ, Koestler DC, Chalise P, Kimler BF. Abstract PD3-06: Biomarker modulation by bazedoxifene and conjugated estrogen (Duavee®) in women at high risk for development of breast cancer. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-pd3-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Agents which both reduce risk for development of breast cancer and relieve vasomotor symptoms are likely to have good uptake and adherence. We conducted a pilot study with 6 months of the tissue selective estrogen complex bazedoxifene (20 mg) and conjugated estrogen (0.45 mg) (Duavee®) to assess feasibility and effects on biomarkers. Risk biomarkers for postmenopausal breast cancer included fully automated mammographic volumetric density (Volpara®), benign breast tissue Ki-67, and serum levels of progesterone, IGF-1 and IGFBP3, bioavailable estradiol and testosterone. Exploratory biomarkers included selected estrogen and progesterone responsive gene expression in benign breast tissue. 28 peri- and post-menopausal women at increased risk for breast cancer were enrolled; 13 in Cohort A with baseline Ki-67 < 1% and 15 in Cohort B with baseline Ki-67 of 1-4%. All completed the study with > 85% drug adherence. An improvement in median hot flash score from 15 at baseline to 0 at 6 months, and menopause specific quality of life total, vasomotor and sexual domain scores were also observed (p< 0.001). Significant changes in risk biomarkers, uncorrected for multiple comparisons, were a decrease in mammographic fibroglandular volume (p=0.043); decreases in serum progesterone, bioavailable testosterone, and IGF-1 (p<0.01); and for women from Cohort B, a reduction in Ki-67 (p=0.017) despite an increase in serum bioavailable estradiol. Unsupervised cluster analysis of RT-qPCR results indicated two clusters with differences in change in early estrogen response genes including ERS1, TFF1, GREB1a, PGR and AREG. The 10 women in one cluster tended to have increased expression of two or more of early estrogen response genes, but not increased expression of CCND1 (cyclin D1) or genes downstream of activated progesterone receptor such as STAT5a, PdK4, and STK. A trend towards decrease in several genes with predominant stromal expression implicated in breast cancer development including FASN, LEP, CXCL12, SDF1a and B, and CYP19A1 was observed. The 17 women in cluster 2 by contrast exhibited predominately decreased expression of early estrogen response genes. Given the favorable effects on vasomotor symptoms and risk biomarkers, a placebo-controlled Phase IIB trial is warranted.
This study was supported in part by grants from the Breast Cancer Research Foundation (BCRF-16-049, BCRF-17-049, BCRF-18-049); and an NIH Clinical and Translational Science Award grant (UL1 TR000001, formerly UL1RR033179) awarded to the University of Kansas Medical Center, and an internal clinical pilot grant program of the KUMC Research Institute.
Citation Format: Carol J Fabian, Lauren Nye, Teresa A Phillips, Onalisa Winblad, Carola M Zalles, Christy R Hagan, Merit L Goodman, Byron J Gajewski, Devin C Koestler, Prabhakar Chalise, Bruce F Kimler. Biomarker modulation by bazedoxifene and conjugated estrogen (Duavee®) in women at high risk for development of breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD3-06.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Nye
- 1University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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Hagan C, Goodman M, Trinca G, Walter K, Gibson K, Chalise P, Markiewicz M. Abstract P5-04-20: Progesterone promotes immunosuppression in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p5-04-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Why are some early neoplastic lesions identified through immunosurveillance and subsequently destroyed, whereas other tumors evade this clearance step and progress to clinically-relevant tumors? The cancer immunoediting hypothesis highlights that the innate and adaptive immune responses work together to “flag” early neoplastic lesions for immune-mediated elimination. An early mediator of this “elimination” process is activation of type I interferon signaling. Thus, suppression of type I interferon signaling may help developing tumors evade the critical early steps of immune recognition and clearance. Preliminary data from our lab suggest that progesterone, working through the progesterone receptor (PR), may be a key player in tumor immune evasion through downregulation of interferon signaling. In breast cancer cells, we have shown that presence/activation of PR can attenuate interferon-signaling at multiple steps within the signaling cascade: decreased STAT1 phosphorylation, decreased STAT1/STAT2/IRF9 transcriptional complex formation (called ISGF3, required for interferon-alpha signaling), decreased recruitment of ISGF3 to ISG promoter sequences, and decreased transcriptional activation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISG, end point of interferon signaling). These data suggest a concerted effort aimed at reducing interferon-signaling through activation of PR. These data translate to the immune microenvironment in the murine mammary gland. In mice treated with progesterone for 21 days, we see immunosuppressive changes in the mammary gland: increased T-regulatory cells (immunosuppressive), decreased frequency of antigen-presenting cells (decreased ability to present potential tumor-associated antigens to CD8 T-cells), and a decrease in MHC class I presentation in non-lymphoid cells (decreased ability for epithelial cells to present potential tumor-associated antigens). We observe similar phenotypes in mice with transgenic overexpression of PR. These changes in the immune system suggest that PR can promote immunosuppressive changes in the mammary gland. Moreover, 80% of these mice in a multiparous cohort develop mammary gland tumors. Therefore, early changes in the immune microenvironment in the mammary gland may translate to the development of mammary gland tumors in PR transgenic mice. Cumulatively, these data suggest a mechanism through which PR aids early breast cancer lesions in escaping immune surveillance. These data have significant implications for the use of progesterone-containing hormone replacement therapy, as well as underscore the importance of studying anti-progestins as novel chemo-preventative agents for breast cancer.
Citation Format: Christy Hagan, Merit Goodman, Gloria Trinca, Katherine Walter, Katelin Gibson, Prabhakar Chalise, Mary Markiewicz. Progesterone promotes immunosuppression in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-04-20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Hagan
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Merit Goodman
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Gloria Trinca
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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Abstract
With the advent of high throughput technologies, the high-dimensional datasets are increasingly available. This has not only opened up new insight into biological systems but also posed analytical challenges. One important problem is the selection of informative feature-subset and prediction of the future outcome. It is crucial that models are not overfitted and give accurate results with new data. In addition, reliable identification of informative features with high predictive power (feature selection) is of interests in clinical settings. We propose a two-step framework for feature selection and classification model construction, which utilizes a nested and repeated cross-validation method. We evaluated our approach using both simulated data and two publicly available gene expression datasets. The proposed method showed comparatively better predictive accuracy for new cases than the standard cross-validation method.
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Fabian CJ, Nye L, Powers KR, Nydegger JL, Kreutzjans AL, Phillips TA, Metheny T, Winblad O, Zalles CM, Hagan CR, Goodman ML, Gajewski BJ, Koestler DC, Chalise P, Kimler BF. Effect of Bazedoxifene and Conjugated Estrogen (Duavee) on Breast Cancer Risk Biomarkers in High-Risk Women: A Pilot Study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2019; 12:711-720. [PMID: 31420361 PMCID: PMC6774863 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Interventions that relieve vasomotor symptoms while reducing risk for breast cancer would likely improve uptake of chemoprevention for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. We conducted a pilot study with 6 months of the tissue selective estrogen complex bazedoxifene (20 mg) and conjugated estrogen (0.45 mg; Duavee) to assess feasibility and effects on risk biomarkers for postmenopausal breast cancer. Risk biomarkers included fully automated mammographic volumetric density (Volpara), benign breast tissue Ki-67 (MIB-1 immunochemistry), and serum levels of progesterone, IGF-1, and IGFBP3, bioavailable estradiol and testosterone. Twenty-eight perimenopausal and postmenopausal women at increased risk for breast cancer were enrolled: 13 in cohort A with baseline Ki-67 < 1% and 15 in cohort B with baseline Ki-67 of 1% to 4%. All completed the study with > 85% drug adherence. Significant changes in biomarkers, uncorrected for multiple comparisons, were a decrease in mammographic fibroglandular volume (P = 0.043); decreases in serum progesterone, bioavailable testosterone, and IGF-1 (P < 0.01), an increase in serum bioavailable estradiol (P < 0.001), and for women from cohort B a reduction in Ki-67 (P = 0.017). An improvement in median hot flash score from 15 at baseline to 0 at 6 months, and menopause-specific quality-of-life total, vasomotor, and sexual domain scores were also observed (P < 0.001). Given the favorable effects on risk biomarkers and patient reported outcomes, a placebo-controlled phase IIB trial is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol J Fabian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Lauren Nye
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Kandy R Powers
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jennifer L Nydegger
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Amy L Kreutzjans
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Teresa A Phillips
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Trina Metheny
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Onalisa Winblad
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Carola M Zalles
- Department of Pathology, Boca Raton Hospital, Boca Raton, Florida
| | - Christy R Hagan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Merit L Goodman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Byron J Gajewski
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Bruce F Kimler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
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Chinnappan M, Gunewardena S, Chalise P, Dhillon NK. Analysis of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Interactions in Hyper-proliferative Human Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10533. [PMID: 31324852 PMCID: PMC6642142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported enhanced proliferation of smooth muscle cells on the combined exposure of HIV proteins and cocaine leading to the development of HIV-pulmonary arterial hypertension. Here, we attempt to comprehensively understand the interactions between long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), mRNAs and micro-RNAs (miRNAs) to determine their role in smooth muscle hyperplasia. Differential expression of lncRNAs, mRNAs and miRNAs were obtained by microarray and small-RNA sequencing from HPASMCs treated with and without cocaine and/or HIV-Tat. LncRNA to mRNA associations were conjectured by analyzing their genomic proximity and by interrogating their association to vascular diseases and cancer co-expression patterns reported in the relevant databases. Neuro-active ligand receptor signaling, Ras signaling and PI3-Akt pathway were among the top pathways enriched in either differentially expressed mRNAs or mRNAs associated to lncRNAs. HPASMC with combined exposure to cocaine and Tat (C + T) vs control identified the following top lncRNA-mRNA pairs, ENST00000495536-HOXB13, T216482-CBL, ENST00000602736-GDF7, and, TCONS_00020413-RND1. Many of the down-regulated miRNAs in the HPASMCs treated with C + T were found to be anti-proliferative and targets of up-regulated lncRNAs targeting up-regulated mRNAs, including down-regulation of miR-185, -491 and up-regulation of corresponding ENST00000585387. Specific knock down of the selected lncRNAs highlighted the importance of non-coding RNAs in smooth muscle hyperplasia.
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MESH Headings
- Cocaine/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Gene Ontology
- HIV Infections/complications
- Humans
- Hyperplasia
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology
- MicroRNAs/biosynthesis
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- RNA, Long Noncoding/biosynthesis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Tissue Array Analysis
- tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendran Chinnappan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Sumedha Gunewardena
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Navneet K Dhillon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA.
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Lewis T, Chalise P, Gauldin C, Truog W. Pharmacometabolomics of Respiratory Phenotypic Response to Dexamethasone in Preterm Infants at Risk for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Clin Transl Sci 2019; 12:591-599. [PMID: 31188532 PMCID: PMC6853142 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A prospective cohort study was performed in preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestation at birth who were treated with dexamethasone for developing or established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Respiratory phenotype (Respiratory Severity Score (RSS)), serum, and urine metabolomics were assessed before and after treatment. Ten infants provided nine matched serum and nine matched urine samples. There was a significant decrease in RSS with steroid treatment. Serum gluconic acid had the largest median fold change (140 times decreased, P = 0.008). In metabolite set enrichment analysis, in both serum and urine, the urea cycle, ammonia recycling, and malate-aspartate shuttle pathways were most significantly enriched when comparing pretreatment and post-treatment (P value < 0.05). In regression analyses, 6 serum and 28 urine metabolites were significantly associated with change in RSS. Urine gluconic acid lactone was the most significantly correlated with clinical response (correlational coefficient 0.915). Pharmacometabolomic discovery of drug response biomarkers in preterm infants may allow precision therapeutics in BPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamorah Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Cheri Gauldin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - William Truog
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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Goodman M, Trinca G, Walter K, Gibson K, Chalise P, Markiewicz M, Hagan CR. Abstract 2361: Progesterone receptor promotes immunosuppressive microenvironment in the mammary gland. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Why are some early neoplastic lesions identified through immunosurveillance and subsequently destroyed, whereas other tumors evade this clearance step and progress to clinically-relevant tumors? The cancer immunoediting hypothesis highlights that the innate and adaptive immune responses work together to “flag” early neoplastic lesions for immune-mediated elimination. An early mediator of this “elimination” process is activation of type I interferon signaling. Thus, suppression of type I interferon signaling may help developing tumors evade the critical early steps of immune recognition and clearance. Preliminary data from our lab suggest that progesterone, working through the progesterone receptor (PR), may be a key player in tumor immune evasion through downregulation of interferon signaling. In breast cancer cells, we have shown that presence/activation of PR can attenuate interferon-signaling at multiple steps within the signaling cascade: decreased STAT1 phosphorylation, decreased STAT1/STAT2/IRF9 transcriptional complex formation (called ISGF3, required for interferon-alpha signaling), decreased recruitment of ISGF3 to ISG promoter sequences, and decreased transcriptional activation of interferon-stimulated genes (ISG, end point of interferon signaling). These data suggest a concerted effort aimed at reducing interferon-signaling through activation of PR. These data translate to the immune microenvironment in the murine mammary gland. In mice treated with progesterone for 21 days, we see immunosuppressive changes in the mammary gland: increased T-regulatory cells (immunosuppressive), decreased frequency of antigen-presenting cells (decreased ability to present potential tumor-associated antigens to CD8 T-cells), and a decrease in MHC class I presentation in non-lymphoid cells (decreased ability for epithelial cells to present potential tumor-associated antigens). We observe similar phenotypes in mice with transgenic overexpression of PR. These changes in the immune system suggest that PR can promote immunosuppressive changes in the mammary gland. Moreover, 80% of these mice in a multiparous cohort develop mammary gland tumors. Therefore, early changes in the immune microenvironment in the mammary gland may translate to the development of mammary gland tumors in PR transgenic mice. Cumulatively, these data suggest a mechanism through which PR aids early breast cancer lesions in escaping immune surveillance. These data have significant implications for the use of progesterone-containing hormone replacement therapy, as well as underscore the importance of studying anti-progestins as novel chemo-preventative agents for breast cancer.
Citation Format: Merit Goodman, Gloria Trinca, Katherine Walter, Katelin Gibson, Prabhakar Chalise, Mary Markiewicz, Christy R. Hagan. Progesterone receptor promotes immunosuppressive microenvironment in the mammary gland [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2361.
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