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Temur I, Temur KT, Donertas SN, Dönertas AD. The relationships of inflammatory blood markers with maternal periodontal and dental states and their effects on preterm membrane rupture development. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:652. [PMID: 38835011 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04427-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of maternal oral and dental health on the occurrence of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (P-PROM) and its underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. This research seeks to investigate the impact of maternal oral and dental health on the incidence of P-PROM and its association with inflammatory markers in the blood. METHODS This study adopts a prospective case-control design methodology. The study involved 70 women diagnosed with P-PROM and delivered by an obstetrician and 79 women who had healthy deliveries with no prenatal complications. The values for DMFT (Number of decayed, missing and filled teeth) index, Gingival Index (GI), Plaque index (PI), Pocket depth (PD), Clinical attachment loss (CAL) and medical history were recorded. Mann-Whitney U test and hierarchical binomial logistic regression analysis were applied. It was considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. RESULTS The case group's DMFT, PI, GI, PD values were statistically significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.001). There was no relationship between DMFT, GI, PD, CAL and inflammatory blood markers (p > 0.05). In the regression analysis for possible risk factors that may be effective in P-PROM, oral and dental health parameters were the most effective. CONCLUSIONS Oral and dental health of women with P-PROM was found to be worse than that of the control group. Oral and dental health may be a potential risk factor that may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with P-PROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Temur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Katibe Tugce Temur
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey.
| | - Safak Necati Donertas
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Aycan Dal Dönertas
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
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Irie K, Azuma T, Tomofuji T, Yamamoto T. Exploring the Role of IL-17A in Oral Dysbiosis-Associated Periodontitis and Its Correlation with Systemic Inflammatory Disease. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:194. [PMID: 37623290 PMCID: PMC10453731 DOI: 10.3390/dj11080194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral microbiota play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis, safeguarding the oral cavity, and preventing the onset of disease. Oral dysbiosis has the potential to trigger pro-inflammatory effects and immune dysregulation, which can have a negative impact on systemic health. It is regarded as a key etiological factor for periodontitis. The emergence and persistence of oral dysbiosis have been demonstrated to mediate inflammatory pathology locally and at distant sites. The heightened inflammation observed in oral dysbiosis is dependent upon the secretion of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) by various innate and adaptive immune cells. IL-17A has been found to play a significant role in host defense mechanisms by inducing antibacterial peptides, recruiting neutrophils, and promoting local inflammation via cytokines and chemokines. This review seeks to present the current knowledge on oral dysbiosis and its prevention, as well as the underlying role of IL-17A in periodontitis induced by oral dysbiosis and its impact on systemic inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Irie
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan;
| | - Tetsuji Azuma
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan; (T.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Takaaki Tomofuji
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan; (T.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan;
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Chen YY, Zhou YB, Yang J, Hua YM, Yuan PB, Liu AP, Wei Y. Serum hsCRP in early pregnancy and preterm delivery in twin gestations: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:123. [PMID: 36809999 PMCID: PMC9942379 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic inflammation during pregnancy may be associated with preterm delivery (PTD), but data for twin gestations are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the association of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a marker of inflammation, in early pregnancy of twin gestations with risk of PTD, including spontaneous (sPTD) and medical-induced preterm delivery (mPTD). METHODS A prospective cohort study involved 618 twin gestations was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Beijing, from 2017 to 2020. Serum samples collected in early pregnancy were analyzed for hsCRP using particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric method. Unadjusted and adjusted geometric means (GM) of hsCRP were estimated using linear regression, and compared between PTD before 37 weeks of gestation and term delivery at 37 or more weeks of gestation using Mann-Whitney rank sum test. The association between hsCRP tertiles and PTDs was estimated using logistic regression, and further converted overestimated odds ratios into relative risks (RR). RESULTS A total of 302 (48.87%) women were classified as PTD, with 166 sPTD and 136 mPTD. The adjusted GM of serum hsCRP was higher in PTDs (2.13 mg/L, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.09 -2.16) compared to term deliveries (1.84 mg/L, 95% CI 1.80 -1.88) (P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest tertile of hsCRP, the highest tertile was associated with increased risk of PTD (adjusted relative risks [ARR] 1.42; 95% CI: 1.08-1.78). Among twin pregnancies, the adjusted association between high values of serum hsCRP in early pregnancy and preterm delivery was only observed in the subgroup of spontaneous preterm deliveries (ARR 1.49, 95%CI:1.08-1.93). CONCLUSIONS Elevated hsCRP in early pregnancy was associated with increased risk of PTD, particular the risk of sPTD in twin gestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-yang Chen
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Yu-bo Zhou
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Jing Yang
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Yu-meng Hua
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Peng-bo Yuan
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Ai-ping Liu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Sheng Y, Yuan J, Wang J, Wang L, Li Y, Wang Y. Ovarian Mature Cystic Teratoma is an Independent Risk Factor for the Premature Rupture of Membranes in Pregnancy: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:1477-1487. [PMID: 36277448 PMCID: PMC9586702 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s381297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian mature cystic teratomas (MCTs) are the most common tumors in pregnant women. The premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a typical complication of pregnancy; however, the relationship between MCT and PROM is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether MCT is associated with the occurrence of PROM during pregnancy. Methods The data of patients with adnexal masses during pregnancy between January 2017 and August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Ovarian cystectomy was performed during cesarean delivery or after vaginal delivery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 234 patients with histopathological results were included. Among these patients, 21 occurred PROM during pregnancy, of which 11 were diagnosed with MCT. Compared with other subtypes, MCT (p=0.025) showed a stronger correlation with PROM and was an independent risk factor for PROM (odds ratio [OR], 2.811; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.096-7.215; p=0.032). Furthermore, we found that MCT with a diameter >5 cm (p=0.0037) was more likely to promote the development of PROM than those that with a diameter <5 cm. Conclusion MCT was an independent risk factor for PROM during pregnancy. Positive actions and preventative clinical treatments should be fully taken into consideration by clinicians for pregnant women with MCTs, especially those ≥5 cm in diameter, to reduce the clinical complications related to MCT-associated PROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Sheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangjing Yuan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yudong Wang; Yuhong Li, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-21-64070434-18602; +86-21-64070434-25517, Email ;
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Shaggag LM, ALhabardi N, Adam I. The Association between Maternal Periodontitis and Preterm Birth: A Case-Control Study in a Low-Resource Setting in Sudan, Africa. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58050632. [PMID: 35630049 PMCID: PMC9144536 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58050632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Vast data have been published recently on the association between periodontitis and preterm birth (PB). However, these studies have shown inconsistent results. Few of them were conducted in Africa, and data has not been published on the association between periodontitis and PB in Sudan. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted at the Omdurman maternity hospital in Sudan from February through October 2021. The cases were women with spontaneous PB (<37 weeks), and healthy women with TB (37−42 weeks) were the controls. Questionnaires (demographics, medical and obstetric factors) were completed through face-to-face interviews. Periodontitis was diagnosed by the Community Periodontal Index as: “bleeding on probing and a pocket depth of ≥3 mm and clinical attachment loss of ≥6 mm, calculus with plaque deposits, and gingival recession”. Multivariate regression analysis was performed with PB as the dependent variable. Results: One hundred sixty-five women were enrolled in each arm of the study. The age, parity and body mass index did not significantly differ between the women with PB and those with TB. Compared with the controls, a significantly higher number of women with PB had periodontitis (50/165 (30.3%) vs. 30/165 (18.2%), p = 0.011). The association between periodontitis and PB was significant. Women who had periodontitis had double the odds of having PB compared to women who had no periodontitis (adjusted Odd Ratio = 2.05, 95% Confidence Interval = 1.20−3.52). Moreover, the haemoglobin level (adjusted Odd Ratio = 0.67, 95% Confidence Interval = 0.51−0.88) was inversely associated with PB. Conclusion: The study results indicate that periodontitis and low haemoglobin were strongly associated with PB. Preventive measures, including the use of periodontitis screening and the prevention of anaemia, are needed to reduce PB in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna M. Shaggag
- Dental Public Health Council, Sudan Medical Specialization Board, Khartoum 24984, Sudan;
| | - Nadiah ALhabardi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 56219, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ishag Adam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 56219, Saudi Arabia;
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Martínez-García M, Hernández-Lemus E. Periodontal Inflammation and Systemic Diseases: An Overview. Front Physiol 2021; 12:709438. [PMID: 34776994 PMCID: PMC8578868 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.709438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease of infectious origins that often evolves into a chronic condition. Aside from its importance as a stomatologic ailment, chronic periodontitis has gained relevance since it has been shown that it can develop into a systemic condition characterized by unresolved hyper-inflammation, disruption of the innate and adaptive immune system, dysbiosis of the oral, gut and other location's microbiota and other system-wide alterations that may cause, coexist or aggravate other health issues associated to elevated morbi-mortality. The relationships between the infectious, immune, inflammatory, and systemic features of periodontitis and its many related diseases are far from being fully understood and are indeed still debated. However, to date, a large body of evidence on the different biological, clinical, and policy-enabling sources of information, is available. The aim of the present work is to summarize many of these sources of information and contextualize them under a systemic inflammation framework that may set the basis to an integral vision, useful for basic, clinical, and therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya Martínez-García
- Sociomedical Research Unit, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mèxico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Foratori-Junior GA, Mosquim V, Buzalaf MAR, Sales-Peres SHDC. Salivary cytokines levels, maternal periodontitis and infants' weight at birth: A cohort study in pregnant women with obesity. Placenta 2021; 115:151-157. [PMID: 34628311 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity and pregnancy may have synergistic effects on maternal periodontal tissues. In contrast, maternal obesity and periodontitis are antagonistic factors for the babies' weight at birth. This study evaluated, during pregnancy (T1) and after delivery (T2), periodontal parameters and salivary levels of cytokines in women with obesity, and the association of these outcomes with the baby's weight at birth. METHODS After matching by age, socioeconomic status and systemic health, the sample was composed of pregnant women with obesity (GO = 25; BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and normal BMI (GN = 25; BMI between 18.5 and 24.99 kg/m2), who were evaluated regarding: periodontal parameters; salivary levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and leptin (Luminex® assay); and babies' weight at birth. Mann-Whitney, Friedman, ANOVA; chi-square and Cochran's Q tests were applied (p < 0.05). RESULTS GO showed higher prevalence of periodontitis in T1 and T2 (p <0.001), with higher salivary levels of TNF-α (p = 0.003) and IL-1β (p = 0.009) in T1. IL-1β significantly decreased after delivery in GO. No intergroup differences for leptin levels were found, but both groups had a significant reduction of leptin levels between periods (p <0.001). GO had children with lower birth weight (p = 0.022), being classified as low (<2,500 g) or insufficient (2,500-2,999 g) weight. DISCUSSION It is suggestive that the inflammatory pattern caused by obesity and periodontitis, mainly related to high levels of TNF-α, impair the babies' weight at birth, resulting in more frequency of low/insufficient weight at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Aparecido Foratori-Junior
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health. Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Zip Code 17012-901, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Victor Mosquim
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Zip Code 17012-901, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Zip Code 17012-901, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Silvia Helena de Carvalho Sales-Peres
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health. Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Al Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Zip Code 17012-901, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Zhou Y, Qi H, Yin N. Adaptations and alterations of maternal microbiota: From physiology to pathology. MEDICINE IN MICROECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmic.2021.100045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Ye C, Kapila Y. Oral microbiome shifts during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: Hormonal and Immunologic changes at play. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:276-281. [PMID: 34463984 PMCID: PMC8457099 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Because of hormonal and immunologic changes, there are significant changes in the oral microbiome that emerge during pregnancy. Recent evidence further suggests that there is an association between the presence of periodontal disease and a pregnancy‐associated oral dysbiosis. Although this oral dysbiosis and pathogenic periodontal bacteria are considered to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, it is still not clear how an oral dysbiosis during pregnancy can modulate oral diseases and birth outcomes. To develop preventive or therapeutic interventions, it is critical to understand the oral microbiome changes that emerge during pregnancy and their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. In the present review, we summarize the current literature on normal changes in the oral microbiome that occur during pregnancy; the pathogenic changes in the oral microbiome believed to occur in association with adverse pregnancy outcomes; and the association between the placental microbiome and the oral microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchang Ye
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Pregnancy-Related Extracellular Vesicles Revisited. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083904. [PMID: 33918880 PMCID: PMC8068855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles ranging from 20–200 nm to 10 μm in diameter that are discharged and taken in by many different types of cells. Depending on the nature and quantity of their content—which generally includes proteins, lipids as well as microRNAs (miRNAs), messenger-RNA (mRNA), and DNA—these particles can bring about functional modifications in the receiving cells. During pregnancy, placenta and/or fetal-derived EVs have recently been isolated, eliciting interest in discovering their clinical significance. To date, various studies have associated variations in the circulating levels of maternal and fetal EVs and their contents, with complications including gestational diabetes and preeclampsia, ultimately leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Furthermore, EVs have also been identified as messengers and important players in viral infections during pregnancy, as well as in various congenital malformations. Their presence can be detected in the maternal blood from the first trimester and their level increases towards term, thus acting as liquid biopsies that give invaluable insight into the status of the feto-placental unit. However, their exact roles in the metabolic and vascular adaptations associated with physiological and pathological pregnancy is still under investigation. Analyzing peer-reviewed journal articles available in online databases, the purpose of this review is to synthesize current knowledge regarding the utility of quantification of pregnancy related EVs in general and placental EVs in particular as non-invasive evidence of placental dysfunction and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and to develop the current understanding of these particles and their applicability in clinical practice.
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Radiological screening of maternal periodontitis for predicting adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21266. [PMID: 33277556 PMCID: PMC7718227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that periodontitis, diagnosed mainly by periodontal probing, is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, periodontal probing is time-consuming, highly discomforting, inaccurate, and invasive. We aimed to assess whether periodontitis severity based on radiological staging in accordance with the 2017 new consensus classification was related to adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. The medical records of 165 mothers who underwent panoramic radiography within 5 years before and after the time of delivery and of their singleton neonates were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-two mothers (13.3%) had severe periodontitis (SP), and 143 (86.7%) had mild or moderate periodontitis (MP). In relation to adverse pregnancy outcomes, uterine leiomyoma (18.2% vs. 4.2%, P = 0.029), chronic hypertension (9.1% vs. 0.7%, P = 0.047), and preeclampsia (13.6% vs. 2.1%, P = 0.032) occurred significantly more frequently in the SP group than in the MP group. The incidences of very preterm birth (13.6% vs. 1.4%, P = 0.017), extremely preterm birth (9.1% vs. 0.7%, P = 0.047), and small for gestational age (22.7% vs. 5.6%, P = 0.017) were also significantly higher in the SP group than in the MP group. Radiological screening of maternal periodontitis could be useful for predicting adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes as well as diagnosing SP in pregnant women.
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Lakshmi SV, Srilatha A, Satyanarayana D, Reddy LS, Chalapathi SB, Meenakshi S. Oral health knowledge among a cohort of pregnant women in south India: A questionnaire survey. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:3015-3019. [PMID: 32984165 PMCID: PMC7491853 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_329_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess oral health knowledge of pregnant women visiting Government Maternity Hospital, Hyderabad. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 606 pregnant women aged 18–40 years old. Oral health knowledge of respondents was assessed using the 14-item self-administered questionnaire and responses were recorded on a dichotomous scale (yes/no). The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) package version 20.0. Results: Overall inadequate knowledge regards to oral health was observed among 55.8% pregnant women. Based on knowledge regarding tooth decay, 71.6% of study participants believed that every painful tooth has to be removed and 81% of respondents were unaware of brushing with fluoridated toothpaste prevents tooth decay. Similarly, with respect to gum disease, 77.7% of subjects were not aware of gum disease and around 49.8% unacquainted that bleeding during tooth brushing indicates gum problems. It is enriching to observe, 94.1% of respondents felt oral health is important for general health. On the other hand, a quite alarmingly high percentage (73.9%) of subjects does not know the relationship between oral health and pregnancy. Furthermore, 91.1% and 65.5% of participants were ignorant that pregnancy can increase the tendency of gums to swell or bleed and poor oral health affect their unborn baby, respectively. More than three-fourths of the study participants (84%) had never visited dentist Conclusion: The study highlights limited knowledge allied to oral health among pregnant women and problem-oriented dental visits indicating an urge among this group to scale up their knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Venkata Lakshmi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Srilatha
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - D Satyanarayana
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - L Swetha Reddy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Suma B Chalapathi
- Department of Prosthodontics, KLRs Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, xyi, India
| | - S Meenakshi
- Department of Prosthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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