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Mao J, Eom GD, Yoon KW, Kim MJ, Chu KB, Kang HJ, Quan FS. Crossprotection induced by virus-like particles containing influenza dual-hemagglutinin and M2 ectodomain. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:741-754. [PMID: 38390688 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims: To develop an effective universal vaccine against antigenically different influenza viruses. Materials & methods: We generated influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) expressing the H1 and H3 antigens with or without M2e5x. VLP-induced immune responses and crossprotection against H1N1, H3N2 or H5N1 viruses were assessed to evaluate their protective efficacy. Results: H1H3M2e5x immunization elicited higher crossreactive IgG antibodies than H1H3 VLPs. Upon challenge, both VLPs enhanced lung IgG, IgA and germinal center B-cell responses compared with control. While these VLPs conferred protection, H1H3M2e5x showed greater lung viral load reduction than H1H3 VLPs with minimal body weight loss. Conclusion: Utilizing VLPs containing dual-hemagglutinin, along with M2e5x, can be a vaccination strategy for inducing crossprotection against influenza A viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mao
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Deok Eom
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Woong Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ju Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Back Chu
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Ji Kang
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Fu-Shi Quan
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
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Ge Y, Cao W, Sun S, Ross TM, Shen Y. The Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Cannot Trigger a Titer Increase Among Some Elderly Individuals. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.17.24301451. [PMID: 38293130 PMCID: PMC10827259 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.17.24301451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Many elderlies exhibited absent responses to influenza vaccines. Our exploration of this heterogeneity revealed associations with vaccine dose (HD vs. SD, OR: 0.59 (95%CrI, 0.4 to 0.87)), pre-vaccination titer levels (OR: 1.57 (95%CrI, 1.38 to 1.8), and gender (Male vs. Female OR: 2.12 (95%CrI, 1.38 to 3.25)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ge
- School of Health Professions, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, 39402, MS, USA
| | - Wangnan Cao
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengzhi Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ted M. Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, The University of Georgia, Athens, 30606, GA, USA
- Cleveland Clinic, Port St. Lucie, 34952, FL, USA
| | - Ye Shen
- College of Public Health, The University of Georgia, Athens, 30606, GA, USA
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3
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Tyagi R, Basu S, Dhar A, Gupta S, Gupta SL, Jaiswal RK. Role of Immunoglobulin A in COVID-19 and Influenza Infections. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1647. [PMID: 38005979 PMCID: PMC10675305 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is critical in the immune response against respiratory infections like COVID-19 and influenza [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Tyagi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Srijani Basu
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Atika Dhar
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Suman Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | | | - Rishi K. Jaiswal
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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4
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Lewis ED, Crowley DC, Guthrie N, Evans M. Role of Acacia catechu and Scutellaria baicalensis in Enhancing Immune Function Following Influenza Vaccination of Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:678-690. [PMID: 36413261 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2145525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to examine the role of an Acacia catechu and Scutellaria baicalensis formulation, UP446, on supporting immune function in response to influenza vaccination. METHODS A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study consisted of a 56-day intervention period with a 28-day pre-vaccination period, an influenza vaccination on Day 28 and 28-day post-vaccination period. Fifty healthy adults 40-80 years of age who had not received their flu vaccine were randomized to either UP446 or Placebo. At baseline, Days 28 and 56, immune and oxidative stress markers were measured in blood and a quality of life questionnaire was administered. Participants completed the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS)-24 daily. RESULTS In the post-vaccination period, total IgA and IgG levels increased in participants supplemented with UP446 vs. those on Placebo (p ≤ 0.026). As well, influenza B-specific IgG increased 19.4% from Day 28 to 56 and 11.6% from baseline at Day 56 (p ≤ 0.0075). Serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was increased in the pre-vaccination period and from baseline at Day 56 with UP446 supplementation (p ≤ 0.0270). CONCLUSION These results suggest a 56-day supplementation with UP446 was beneficial in mounting a robust humoral response following vaccination. Increasing GSH-Px in the pre-vaccination period may help improve antioxidant functions and potentially mitigate the oxidative stress induced following vaccination.
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Hitchings MDT, Borgert BA, Shir A, Yang B, Grantz KH, Ball J, Moreno CA, Rand K, Small PA, Fowke KR, Cummings DAT. Dynamics of Anti-influenza Mucosal IgA Over a Season in a Cohort of Individuals Living or Working in a Long-term Care Facility. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:383-390. [PMID: 36740584 PMCID: PMC10428196 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serological surveys are used to ascertain influenza infection and immunity, but evidence for the utility of mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) as a correlate of infection or protection is limited. METHODS We performed influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance on 220 individuals living or working in a retirement community in Gainesville, Florida from January to May 2018, and took pre- and postseason nasal samples of 11 individuals with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed influenza infection and 60 randomly selected controls. Mucosal IgA against 10 strains of influenza was measured from nasal samples. RESULTS Overall, 28.2% and 11.3% of individuals experienced a 2-fold and 4-fold rise, respectively, in mucosal IgA to at least 1 influenza strain. Individuals with PCR-confirmed influenza A had significantly lower levels of preseason IgA to influenza A. Influenza-associated respiratory illness was associated with a higher rise in mucosal IgA to influenza strains of the same subtype, and H3N2-associated respiratory illness was associated with a higher rise in mucosal IgA to other influenza A strains. CONCLUSIONS By comparing individuals with and without influenza illness, we demonstrated that mucosal IgA is a correlate of influenza infection. There was evidence for cross-reactivity in mucosal IgA across influenza A subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt D T Hitchings
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Brooke A Borgert
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Adam Shir
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Bingyi Yang
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kyra H Grantz
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jacob Ball
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Carlos A Moreno
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kenneth Rand
- Department of Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Parker A Small
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Keith R Fowke
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Derek A T Cummings
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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6
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Harnessing Nasal Immunity with IgA to Prevent Respiratory Infections. IMMUNO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2040036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The nasal cavity is a primary checkpoint for the invasion of respiratory pathogens. Numerous pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, etc., can adhere/colonize nasal lining to trigger an infection. Secretory IgA (sIgA) serves as the first line of immune defense against foreign pathogens. sIgA facilitates clearance of pathogenic microbes by intercepting their access to epithelial receptors and mucus entrapment through immune exclusion. Elevated levels of neutralizing IgA at the mucosal surfaces are associated with a high level of protection following intranasal immunizations. This review summarizes recent advances in intranasal vaccination technology and challenges in maintaining nominal IgA levels at the mucosal surface. Overall, the review emphasizes the significance of IgA-mediated nasal immunity, which holds a tremendous potential to mount protection against respiratory pathogens.
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Kugler‐Umana O, Zhang W, Kuang Y, Liang J, Castonguay CH, Tonkonogy SL, Marshak‐Rothstein A, Devarajan P, Swain SL. IgD + age-associated B cells are the progenitors of the main T-independent B cell response to infection that generates protective Ab and can be induced by an inactivated vaccine in the aged. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13705. [PMID: 36056604 PMCID: PMC9577953 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated B cells (ABC) accumulate with age and are associated with autoimmunity and chronic infection. However, their contributions to acute infection in the aged and their developmental pathways are unclear. We find that the response against influenza A virus infection in aged mice is dominated by a Fas+ GL7- effector B cell population we call infection-induced ABC (iABC). Most iABC express IgM and include antibody-secreting cells in the spleen, lung, and bone marrow. We find that in response to influenza, IgD+ CD21- CD23- ABC are the precursors of iABC and become memory B cells. These IgD+ ABC develop in germ-free mice, so are independent of foreign antigen recognition. The response of ABC to influenza infection, resulting in iABC, is T cell independent and requires both extrinsic TLR7 and TLR9 signals. In response to influenza infection, IgD+ ABC can induce a faster recovery of weight and higher total anti-influenza IgG and IgM titers that can neutralize virus. Immunization with whole inactivated virus also generates iABC in aged mice. Thus, in unimmunized aged mice, whose other B and T cell responses have waned, IgD+ ABC are likely the naive B cells with the potential to become Ab-secreting cells and to provide protection from infection in the aged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Kugler‐Umana
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Wenliang Zhang
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Yi Kuang
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jialing Liang
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Catherine H. Castonguay
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Susan L. Tonkonogy
- College of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Ann Marshak‐Rothstein
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Susan L. Swain
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
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8
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Montague BT, Wipperman MF, Chio E, Crow R, Hooper AT, O'Brien MP, Simões EAF. Elevated serum IgA following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of high-risk first responders. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14932. [PMID: 36056118 PMCID: PMC9437396 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19095-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA plays an important early neutralizing role after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Systemically administered vaccines typically produce an IgM/IgG predominant response. We evaluated the serum anti-spike (anti-S) IgG, anti-nucleocapsid (anti-N) IgG and anti-S IgA response following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of first-responders. Among the 378 completely vaccinated participants, 98% were positive for anti-S IgG and 96% were positive for anti-S IgA. Nine percent were positive for anti-N IgG suggesting prior exposure to SARS-CoV-2. No statistically significant difference was seen in IgA response based on prior evidence infection (p = 0.18). Ninety-eight of those receiving the Moderna vaccine (98%) were positive for anti-S IgA as compared to 91% of those who received the Pfizer vaccine (p = 0.0009). The high proportion of participants observed to have a positive anti-S IgA response after vaccination suggests that the vaccines elicit a systemic response characterized by elevated levels of both IgG and IgA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erica Chio
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Rowena Crow
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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9
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Vujkovic-Cvijin I, Welles HC, Ha CWY, Huq L, Mistry S, Brenchley JM, Trinchieri G, Devkota S, Belkaid Y. The systemic anti-microbiota IgG repertoire can identify gut bacteria that translocate across gut barrier surfaces. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabl3927. [PMID: 35976997 PMCID: PMC9741845 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abl3927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Unique gut microbiota compositions have been associated with inflammatory diseases, but identifying gut bacterial functions linked to immune activation in humans remains challenging. Translocation of pathogens from mucosal surfaces into peripheral tissues can elicit immune activation, although whether and which gut commensal bacteria translocate in inflammatory diseases is difficult to assess. We report that a subset of commensal gut microbiota constituents that translocate across the gut barrier in mice and humans are associated with heightened systemic immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses. We present a modified high-throughput, culture-independent approach to quantify systemic IgG against gut commensal bacteria in human serum samples without the need for paired stool samples. Using this approach, we highlight several commensal bacterial species that elicit elevated IgG responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including taxa within the clades Collinsella, Bifidobacterium, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae. These and other taxa identified as translocating bacteria or targets of systemic immunity in IBD concomitantly exhibited heightened transcriptional activity and growth rates in IBD patient gut microbiomes. Our approach represents a complementary tool to illuminate interactions between the host and its gut microbiota and may provide an additional method to identify microbes linked to inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vujkovic-Cvijin
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hugh C. Welles
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Connie W. Y. Ha
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lutfi Huq
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shreni Mistry
- NIAID Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason M. Brenchley
- Barrier Immunity Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Suzanne Devkota
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
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10
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Kinetic of the Antibody Response Following AddaVax-Adjuvanted Immunization with Recombinant Influenza Antigens. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081315. [PMID: 36016202 PMCID: PMC9415944 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Notwithstanding the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, influenza virus infection still represents a global health concern in terms of hospitalizations and possible pandemic threats. The objective of next-generation influenza vaccines is not only to increase the breadth of response but also to improve the elicitation of an effective and robust immune response, especially in high-risk populations. To achieve this second objective, the administration of adjuvanted influenza vaccines has been considered. In this regard, the monitoring and characterization of the antibody response associated with the administration of adjuvanted vaccines has been evaluated in this study in order to shed light on the kinetic, magnitude and subclass usage of antibody secreting cells (ASCs) as well as of circulating antigen-specific serum antibodies. Specifically, we utilized the DBA/2J mouse model to assess the kinetic, magnitude and IgG subclass usage of the antibody response following an intramuscular (IM) or intraperitoneal (IP) immunization regimen with AddaVax-adjuvanted bivalent H1N1 and H3N2 computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA) influenza recombinant hemagglutinins (rHAs). While the serological evaluation revealed a homogeneous kinetic of the antibody response, the detection of the ASCs through a FluoroSpot platform revealed a different magnitude, subclass usage and kinetic of the antigen-specific IgG secreting cells peaking at day 5 and day 9 following the IP and IM immunization, respectively.
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11
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Olukitibi TA, Ao Z, Azizi H, Mahmoudi M, Coombs K, Kobasa D, Kobinger G, Yao X. Development and characterization of influenza M2 ectodomain and/or hemagglutinin stalk-based dendritic cell-targeting vaccines. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:937192. [PMID: 36003947 PMCID: PMC9393625 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.937192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A universal influenza vaccine is required for broad protection against influenza infection. Here, we revealed the efficacy of novel influenza vaccine candidates based on Ebola glycoprotein dendritic cell (DC)-targeting domain (EΔM) fusion protein technology. The four copies of ectodomain matrix protein of influenza (tM2e) or M2e hemagglutinin stalk (HA stalk) peptides (HM2e) were fused with EΔM to generate EΔM-tM2e or EΔM-HM2e, respectively. We demonstrated that EΔM-HM2e- or EΔM-tM2e-pseudotyped viral particles can efficiently target DC/macrophages in vitro and induced significantly high titers of anti-HA and/or anti-M2e antibodies in mice. Significantly, the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV)-EΔM-tM2e and rVSV-EΔM-HM2e vaccines mediated rapid and potent induction of M2 or/and HA antibodies in mice sera and mucosa. Importantly, vaccination of rVSV-EΔM-tM2e or rVSV-EΔM-HM2e protected mice from influenza H1N1 and H3N2 challenges. Taken together, our study suggests that rVSV-EΔM-tM2e and rVSV-EΔM-HM2e are promising candidates that may lead to the development of a universal vaccine against different influenza strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titus Abiola Olukitibi
- Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Zhujun Ao
- Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hiva Azizi
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie de l’Université Laval, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mona Mahmoudi
- Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Kevin Coombs
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Darwyn Kobasa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Gary Kobinger
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie de l’Université Laval, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Galveston National Laboratory, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Xiaojian Yao
- Laboratory of Molecular Human Retrovirology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Xiaojian Yao,
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12
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Yegorov S, Kadyrova I, Negmetzhanov B, Kolesnikova Y, Kolesnichenko S, Korshukov I, Baiken Y, Matkarimov B, Miller MS, Hortelano GH, Babenko D. Sputnik-V reactogenicity and immunogenicity in the blood and mucosa: a prospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13207. [PMID: 35915123 PMCID: PMC9342835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sputnik-V (Gam-COVID-Vac) is a heterologous, recombinant adenoviral (rAdv) vector-based, COVID-19 vaccine now used in > 70 countries. Yet there is a shortage of data on this vaccine's performance in diverse populations. Here, we performed a prospective cohort study to assess the reactogenicity and immunologic outcomes of Sputnik-V vaccination in Kazakhstan. COVID-19-free participants (n = 82 at baseline) were followed at day 21 after Sputnik-V dose 1 (rAd5) and dose 2 (rAd26). Self-reported local and systemic adverse events were captured using questionnaires. Blood and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected to perform SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic and immunologic assays. We observed that most of the reported adverse events were mild-to-moderate injection site or systemic reactions, no severe or potentially life-threatening conditions were reported, and dose 1 appeared to be more reactogenic than dose 2. The seroconversion rate was 97% post-dose 1, remaining the same post-dose 2. The proportion of participants with detectable virus neutralization was 83% post-dose 1, increasing to 98% post-dose 2, with the largest relative increase observed in participants without prior COVID-19 exposure. Dose 1 boosted nasal S-IgG and S-IgA, while the boosting effect of dose 2 on mucosal S-IgG, but not S-IgA, was only observed in subjects without prior COVID-19. Systemically, vaccination reduced serum levels of growth regulated oncogene (GRO), which correlated with an elevation in blood platelet count. Overall, Sputnik-V dose 1 elicited both blood and mucosal SARS-CoV-2 immunity, while the immune boosting effect of dose 2 was minimal. Thus, adjustments to the current vaccine dosing regimen are necessary to optimize immunization efficacy and cost-effectiveness. While Sputnik-V reactogenicity is similar to that of other COVID-19 vaccines, the induced alterations to the GRO/platelet axis warrant investigation of the vaccine's effects on systemic immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Yegorov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
| | - Irina Kadyrova
- Research Centre, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
| | - Baurzhan Negmetzhanov
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Centre for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Ilya Korshukov
- Research Centre, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Yeldar Baiken
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Centre for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Bakhyt Matkarimov
- National Laboratory Astana, Centre for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Matthew S Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gonzalo H Hortelano
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Dmitriy Babenko
- Research Centre, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
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13
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Yegorov S, Celeste DB, Gomes KB, Ang JC, Vandenhof C, Wang J, Rybkina K, Tsui V, Stacey HD, Loeb M, Miller MS. Inactivated and live-attenuated seasonal influenza vaccines boost broadly neutralizing antibodies in children. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100509. [PMID: 35243417 PMCID: PMC8861809 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) that target the hemagglutinin stalk domain is a promising strategy for the development of “universal” influenza virus vaccines. bNAbs can be boosted in adults by sequential exposure to heterosubtypic viruses through natural infection or vaccination. However, little is known about if or how bNAbs are induced by vaccination in more immunologically naive children. Here, we describe the impact of repeated seasonal influenza vaccination and vaccine type on induction of bNAbs against group 1 influenza viruses in a pediatric cohort enrolled in randomized controlled trials of seasonal influenza vaccination. Repeated seasonal vaccination results in significant boosting of a durable bNAb response. Boosting of serological bNAb titers is comparable within inactivated and live attenuated (LAIV) vaccinees and declines with age. These data provide insights into vaccine-elicited bNAb induction in children, which have important implications for the design of universal influenza vaccine modalities in this critical population. Repeated inactivated influenza vaccination boosts bNAbs Inactivated and live attenuated vaccines are similarly efficient at boosting bNAbs The magnitude of IIV and LAIV vaccine-elicited bNAb boosting declines with age
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Yegorov
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel B. Celeste
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberly Braz Gomes
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jann C. Ang
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Colin Vandenhof
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Joanne Wang
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ksenia Rybkina
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa Tsui
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Hannah D. Stacey
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Loeb
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, Health Research Methodology, Evidence, and Impact, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew S. Miller
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Corresponding author
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14
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Côté-Cyr M, Zottig X, Gauthier L, Archambault D, Bourgault S. Self-Assembly of Flagellin into Immunostimulatory Ring-like Nanostructures as an Antigen Delivery System. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:694-707. [PMID: 35080372 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Proteinaceous nanoparticles represent attractive antigen carriers for vaccination as their size and repetitive antigen displays that mimic most viral particles enable efficient immune processing. However, these nanocarriers are often unable to stimulate efficiently the innate immune system, requiring coadministration with adjuvants to promote long-lasting protective immunity. The protein flagellin, which constitutes the primary constituent of the bacterial flagellum, has been widely evaluated as an antigen carrier due to its intrinsic adjuvant properties involving activation of the innate immune receptor Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5). Although flagellin is known for its ability to self-assemble into micron-scale length nanotubes, few studies have evaluated the potential usage of flagellin-based nanostructures as immunostimulatory antigen carriers. In this study, we reported for the first time a strategy to guide the self-assembly of a flagellin protein from Bacillus subtilis, Hag, into lower aspect ratio nanoparticles by hindering non-covalent interactions responsible for its elongation into nanotubes. We observed that addition of an antigenic sequence derived from the influenza A virus (3M2e) at the C-terminus of this flagellin, as opposed to positioning the epitope into mid-sequence, precluded filament elongation and resulted in low aspect ratio ring-like nanostructures upon salting-out-induced self-assembly. These nanostructures displayed the antigen at their surface and shared morphological and structural characteristics with flagellin nanotubes, with a diameter of approximately 12 nm, and an α-helix-rich secondary structure. Flagellin ring-like nanostructures were efficiently internalized by antigen-presenting cells, and avidly activated the TLR5 in vitro as well as the innate and adaptive immune responses. Intranasal immunization of mice with these nanostructures resulted in the potentiation of the antigen-specific antibody response and protection against a lethal infection with the influenza A virus, illustrating the potential of these intrinsically immunostimulatory nanostructures as antigen carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Côté-Cyr
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada.,Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications (PROTEO), Québec G1V 0A6, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada.,The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA), Saint-Hyacinthe J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Ximena Zottig
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada.,Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications (PROTEO), Québec G1V 0A6, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada.,The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA), Saint-Hyacinthe J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Laurie Gauthier
- Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications (PROTEO), Québec G1V 0A6, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada.,The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA), Saint-Hyacinthe J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Denis Archambault
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada.,The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA), Saint-Hyacinthe J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Steve Bourgault
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada.,Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Engineering and Applications (PROTEO), Québec G1V 0A6, Canada.,The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA), Saint-Hyacinthe J2S 2M2, Canada
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15
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Safety, Immunogenicity, and Protective Efficacy of an H5N1 Chimeric Cold-Adapted Attenuated Virus Vaccine in a Mouse Model. Viruses 2021; 13:v13122420. [PMID: 34960689 PMCID: PMC8709164 DOI: 10.3390/v13122420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
H5N1 influenza virus is a threat to public health worldwide. The virus can cause severe morbidity and mortality in humans. We constructed an H5N1 influenza candidate virus vaccine from the A/chicken/Guizhou/1153/2016 strain that was recommended by the World Health Organization. In this study, we designed an H5N1 chimeric influenza A/B vaccine based on a cold-adapted (ca) influenza B virus B/Vienna/1/99 backbone. We modified the ectodomain of H5N1 hemagglutinin (HA) protein, while retaining the packaging signals of influenza B virus, and then rescued a chimeric cold-adapted H5N1 candidate influenza vaccine through a reverse genetic system. The chimeric H5N1 vaccine replicated well in eggs and the Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells. It maintained a temperature-sensitive and cold-adapted phenotype. The H5N1 vaccine was attenuated in mice. Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibodies, micro-neutralizing (MN) antibodies, and IgG antibodies were induced in immunized mice, and the mucosal IgA antibody responses were detected in their lung lavage fluids. The IFN-γ-secretion and IL-4-secretion by the mouse splenocytes were induced after stimulation with the specific H5N1 HA protein. The chimeric H5N1 candidate vaccine protected mice against lethal challenge with a wild-type highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza virus. The chimeric H5 candidate vaccine is thus a potentially safe, attenuated, and reassortment-incompetent vaccine with circulating A viruses.
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16
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an emergent disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly spread throughout the globe since its discovery in December 2019. Although first appreciated to cause pneumonia, numerous organ systems are now known to be involved. The objective of this article is to review the broad spectrum of cutaneous manifestations reported in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most commonly reported cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19 infection include pernio (chilblain)-like acral lesions, morbilliform (exanthematous) rash, urticaria, vesicular (varicella-like) eruptions, and vaso-occlusive lesions (livedo racemosa, retiform purpura). It is important to consider SARS-CoV-2 infection in the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with these lesions in the appropriate clinical context, as cutaneous manifestations may be present in otherwise asymptomatic individuals, or present before developing other symptoms of infection. With increased access to diagnostic testing, we are beginning to understand the utility and limitations of currently available assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Agnihothri
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 1701 Divisadero Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | - Lindy P Fox
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 1701 Divisadero Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
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17
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Diks AM, Overduin LA, van Leenen LD, Slobbe L, Jolink H, Visser LG, van Dongen JJM, Berkowska MA. B-Cell Immunophenotyping to Predict Vaccination Outcome in the Immunocompromised - A Systematic Review. Front Immunol 2021; 12:690328. [PMID: 34557188 PMCID: PMC8452967 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent infections in the general population. Its efficiency strongly depends on the function and composition of the immune system. If the immune system lacks critical components, patients will not be fully protected despite a completed vaccination schedule. Antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin levels are broadly used correlates of protection. These are the products of terminally differentiated B cells - plasma cells. Here we reviewed the literature on how aberrancies in B-cell composition and function influence immune responses to vaccinations. In a search through five major literature databases, 6,537 unique articles published from 2000 and onwards were identified. 75 articles were included along three major research lines: extremities of life, immunodeficiency and immunosuppression. Details of the protocol can be found in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews [PROSPERO (registration number CRD42021226683)]. The majority of articles investigated immune responses in adults, in which vaccinations against pneumococci and influenza were strongly represented. Lack of baseline information was the most common reason of exclusion. Irrespective of study group, three parameters measured at baseline seemed to have a predictive value in assessing vaccine efficacy: (1) distribution of B-cell subsets (mostly a reduction in memory B cells), (2) presence of exhausted/activated B cells, or B cells with an aberrant phenotype, and (3) pre-existing immunological memory. In this review we showed how pre-immunization (baseline) knowledge of circulating B cells can be used to predict vaccination efficacy. We hope that this overview will contribute to optimizing vaccination strategies, especially in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annieck M Diks
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lisanne A Overduin
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Laurens D van Leenen
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lennert Slobbe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Tropical Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hetty Jolink
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Leonardus G Visser
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Magdalena A Berkowska
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
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18
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Abreu RB, Kirchenbaum GA, Sautto GA, Clutter EF, Ross TM. Impaired memory B-cell recall responses in the elderly following recurrent influenza vaccination. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254421. [PMID: 34351920 PMCID: PMC8341655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a highly contagious viral respiratory disease that affects million of people worldwide each year. Annual vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization with the goal of reducing influenza severity and limiting transmission through elicitation of antibodies targeting the hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein. The antibody response elicited by current seasonal influenza virus vaccines is predominantly strain-specific, but pre-existing influenza virus immunity can greatly impact the serological antibody response to vaccination. However, it remains unclear how B cell memory is shaped by recurrent annual vaccination over the course of multiple seasons, especially in high-risk elderly populations. Here, we systematically profiled the B cell response in young adult (18-34 year old) and elderly (65+ year old) vaccine recipients that received annual split inactivated influenza virus vaccination for 3 consecutive seasons. Specifically, the antibody serological and memory B-cell compartments were profiled for reactivity against current and historical influenza A virus strains. Moreover, multiparametric analysis and antibody landscape profiling revealed a transient increase in strain-specific antibodies in the elderly, but with an impaired recall response of pre-existing memory B-cells, plasmablast (PB) differentiation and long-lasting serological changes. This study thoroughly profiles and compares the immune response to recurrent influenza virus vaccination in young and elderly participants unveiling the pitfalls of current influenza virus vaccines in high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo B. Abreu
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Greg A. Kirchenbaum
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Giuseppe A. Sautto
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Emily F. Clutter
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ted M. Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
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19
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Influenza hemagglutinin-specific IgA Fc-effector functionality is restricted to stalk epitopes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2018102118. [PMID: 33593910 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018102118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we utilized a panel of human immunoglobulin (Ig) IgA monoclonal antibodies isolated from the plasmablasts of eight donors after 2014/2015 influenza virus vaccination (Fluarix) to study the binding and functional specificities of this isotype. In this cohort, isolated IgA monoclonal antibodies were primarily elicited against the hemagglutinin protein of the H1N1 component of the vaccine. To compare effector functionalities, an H1-specific subset of antibodies targeting distinct epitopes were expressed as monomeric, dimeric, or secretory IgA, as well as in an IgG1 backbone. When expressed with an IgG Fc domain, all antibodies elicited Fc-effector activity in a primary polymorphonuclear cell-based assay which differs from previous observations that found only stalk-specific antibodies activate the low-affinity FcγRIIIa. However, when expressed with IgA Fc domains, only antibodies targeting the stalk domain showed Fc-effector activity in line with these previous findings. To identify the cause of this discrepancy, we then confirmed that IgG signaling through the high-affinity FcγI receptor was not restricted to stalk epitopes. Since no corresponding high-affinity Fcα receptor exists, the IgA repertoire may therefore be limited to stalk-specific epitopes in the context of Fc receptor signaling.
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20
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Beau Reneer Z, Abreu RB, Jamal US, Corn MR, Paugh JL, Ross TM. Seasonal influenza vaccination does not effectively expand H2 cross-reactive antibodies in humans. Vaccine 2021; 39:4173-4183. [PMID: 34127298 PMCID: PMC10067019 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Influenza viruses cause millions of infections and hundreds of thousands of deaths every year. Influenza virus vaccinations are produced every year and contain H1N1 and H3N2 influenza A viruses and either one or two influenza B viruses. In this study, we examined the effects of seasonal influenza vaccinations in people on both circulating serum antibody titers and memory B-cell activation to H2Nx influenza viruses. In addition to evaluating the human cohort as a whole, participants were also divided into three separate groups based upon their likelihood of being either exposed to or imprinted with H2N2 influenza viruses in the 1950s and 1960s. While participants born after H2N2 influenza viruses left the human population had lower HAI, ELISA and neutralizing antibody titers to these viruses, a select number of cross-reactive antibodies to some of the H2 HA proteins were boosted after seasonal influenza vaccination. However, these results varied and were not consistent by age group or specific H2 HA protein. Overall, seasonal influenza vaccination did not significantly expand cross-reactive antibodies to H2 HA antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Beau Reneer
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Rodrigo B Abreu
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ummar S Jamal
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Matthew R Corn
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jordan L Paugh
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ted M Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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21
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Forgacs D, Abreu RB, Sautto GA, Kirchenbaum GA, Drabek E, Williamson KS, Kim D, Emerling DE, Ross TM. Convergent antibody evolution and clonotype expansion following influenza virus vaccination. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247253. [PMID: 33617543 PMCID: PMC7899375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in high-throughput single cell sequencing have opened up new avenues into the investigation of B cell receptor (BCR) repertoires. In this study, PBMCs were collected from 17 human participants vaccinated with the split-inactivated influenza virus vaccine during the 2016-2017 influenza season. A combination of Immune Repertoire Capture (IRCTM) technology and IgG sequencing was performed on ~7,800 plasmablast (PB) cells and preferential IgG heavy-light chain pairings were investigated. In some participants, a single expanded clonotype accounted for ~22% of their PB BCR repertoire. Approximately 60% (10/17) of participants experienced convergent evolution, possessing public PBs that were elicited independently in multiple participants. Binding profiles of one private and three public PBs confirmed they were all subtype-specific, cross-reactive hemagglutinin (HA) head-directed antibodies. Collectively, this high-resolution antibody repertoire analysis demonstrated the impact evolution can have on BCRs in response to influenza virus vaccination, which can guide future universal influenza prophylactic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Forgacs
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Rodrigo B. Abreu
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Giuseppe A. Sautto
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Greg A. Kirchenbaum
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Elliott Drabek
- Atreca, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Dongkyoon Kim
- Atreca, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Ted M. Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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