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Semertzidou A, Whelan E, Smith A, Ng S, Roberts L, Brosens JJ, Marchesi JR, Bennett PR, MacIntyre DA, Kyrgiou M. Microbial signatures and continuum in endometrial cancer and benign patients. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:118. [PMID: 38951935 PMCID: PMC11218081 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometrial cancer is a multifactorial disease with inflammatory, metabolic and potentially microbial cues involved in disease pathogenesis. The endometrial cancer microbiome has been poorly characterised so far and studies have often overestimated bacterial biomass due to lack of integration of appropriate contamination controls. There is also a scarcity of evidence on the functionality of microbial microenvironments in endometrial cancer. This work addresses that knowledge gap by interrogating the genuine, contamination-free microbial signatures in the female genital tract and rectum of women with endometrial cancer and the mechanistic role of microbiome on carcinogenic processes. RESULTS Here we sampled different regions of the reproductive tract (vagina, cervix, endometrium, fallopian tubes and ovaries) and rectum of 61 patients (37 endometrial cancer; 24 benign controls). We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V1-V2 hypervariable regions and qPCR of the 16S rRNA gene to qualitatively and quantitatively assess microbial communities and used 3D benign and endometrial cancer organoids to evaluate the effect of microbial products of L. crispatus, which was found depleted in endometrial cancer patients following primary analysis, on endometrial cell proliferation and inflammation. We found that the upper genital tract of a subset of women with and without endometrial cancer harbour microbiota quantitatively and compositionally distinguishable from background contaminants. Endometrial cancer was associated with reduced cervicovaginal and rectal bacterial load together with depletion of Lactobacillus species relative abundance, including L. crispatus, increased bacterial diversity and enrichment of Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Peptoniphilus and Anaerococcus in the lower genital tract and endometrium. Treatment of benign and malignant endometrial organoids with L. crispatus conditioned media exerted an anti-proliferative effect at high concentrations but had minimal impact on cytokine and chemokine profiles. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence that the upper female reproductive tract of some women contains detectable levels of bacteria, the composition of which is associated with endometrial cancer. Whether this is a cause or consequence of cancer pathophysiology and what is the functional significance of this finding remain to be elucidated to guide future screening tools and microbiome-based therapeutics. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Semertzidou
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Room 3006, 3rd Floor, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Eilbhe Whelan
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Room 3006, 3rd Floor, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Ann Smith
- Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University West of England, Glenside Campus, Bristol, BS16 1DD, UK
| | - Sherrianne Ng
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Room 3006, 3rd Floor, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Lauren Roberts
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Room 3006, 3rd Floor, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jan J Brosens
- Division of Reproductive Health, Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University Hospital, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Julian R Marchesi
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Phillip R Bennett
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Room 3006, 3rd Floor, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - David A MacIntyre
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Room 3006, 3rd Floor, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Maria Kyrgiou
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Room 3006, 3rd Floor, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W12 0HS, UK.
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Fo X, Pei ML, Liu PJ, Zhu F, Zhang Y, Mu X. Metagenomic analysis revealed the association between gut microbiota and different ovary responses to controlled ovarian stimulation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14930. [PMID: 38942886 PMCID: PMC11213867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65869-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between gut microbial taxonomy and various ovarian responses to controlled ovarian stimulation. A total of 22 IVF cycles with a follicle-to-oocyte index (FOI) < 0.5 and 25 IVF cycles with FOI ≥ 0.5 were included in this study. Baseline demographic characteristics were compared between the two groups. Metagenomic sequencing was performed to analyze fecal microbial community profiles. Mice were used to evaluate the effect of Bifidobacterium_longum on ovarian response to stimulation. Compared with FOI < 0.5 group, women in group with FOI ≥ 0.5 had significant more oocytes retrieved (p < 0.01). Prevotella_copri, Bateroides_vulgatus, Escherichia_coli and Bateroides_stercoris were more abundant in FOI < 0.5 group while Bifidobacterium_longum, Faecalibacterium_prausnitzii, Ruminococcus_gnavus and Bifidobacterium_pseudocatenula were more abundant in FOI ≥ 0.5 group. After adjusting for women's age and BMI, Pearson correlation analysis indicated alteration of gut microbiome was related with serum E2, FSH, number of oocytes retrieved and clinical pregnancy rate. Animal study showed ovarian response will be improved after Bifidobacterium_longum applied. An increased abundance of Bacteroidetes and Prevotella copri, as well as a decreased abundance of Bifidobacterium longum, have been found to be associated with poor ovarian responsiveness. Changes in gut microbiomes have been observed to be correlated with certain clinical characteristics. The potential enhancement of ovarian response may be facilitated by the integration of Bifidobacterium longum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Fo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Li Pei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Jun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudan Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Mu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
- The Assisted Reproductive Medicine Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, No. 1616, Yanxiang Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Peer A, Samuelson DR. The Role of the Microbiome in Allergy, Asthma, and Occupational Lung Disease. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2024:10.1007/s11882-024-01156-8. [PMID: 38904934 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-024-01156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The human commensal microbiota is now widely accepted as a key regulator of human health and disease. The composition of the mucosal associated microbiota has been shown to play a critical role in the lung health. The role of the mucosal microbiota in the development and severity of allergy, asthma, and occupational lung disease is only beginning to take shape. However, advances in our understanding of these links have tremendous potential to led to new clinical interventions to reduce allergy, asthma, and occupational lung disease morbidity. RECENT FINDINGS We review recent work describing the relationship and role of the commensal microbiota in the development of allergy, asthma, and occupational lung disease. Our review primarily focuses on occupational exposures and the effects of the microbiome, both in composition and function. Data generated from these studies may lead to the development of interventions targeted at establishing and maintaining a healthy microbiota. We also highlight the role of environmental exposures and the effects on the commensal microbial community and their potential association with occupational lung disease. This review explores the current research describing the role of the human microbiome in the regulation of pulmonary health and disease, with a specific focus on the role of the mucosal microbiota in the development of allergy, asthma, and occupational lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Peer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Derrick R Samuelson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
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Wang Y, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Chen T. Simultaneous application of oral and intravaginal probiotics for Helicobacter pylori and its antibiotic-therapy-induced vaginal dysbacteriosis. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:49. [PMID: 38902244 PMCID: PMC11190290 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a prevalent bacterial pathogen globally, implicated in various gastrointestinal disorders. Current recommended antibiotic therapies for H. pylori infection have been proven to be therapeutically insufficient, with low eradication rates and high recurrence rates. Emerging evidence suggests that antibiotic therapy for H. pylori can lead to gastrointestinal and subsequent vaginal dysbiosis, posing challenges for conventional antibiotic approaches. Thus, this article proposes a novel probiotic therapy involving simultaneous oral and intra-vaginal probiotic administration alongside antibiotics for H. pylori treatment, aiming to enhance eradication rates and mitigate dysbiosis. We begin by providing an overview of gastrointestinal and vaginal microbiota and their interconnectedness through the vagina-gut axis. We then review the efficacy of current antibiotic regimens for H. pylori and discuss how antibiotic treatment impacts the vaginal microenvironment. To explore the feasibility of this approach, we evaluate the effectiveness of oral and intra-vaginal probiotics in restoring normal microbiota in the gastrointestinal and vaginal tracts, respectively. Additionally, we analyze the direct mechanisms by which oral and intra-vaginal probiotics act on their respective tracts and discuss potential cross-tract mechanisms. Considering the potential synergistic therapeutic effects of probiotics in both the gastrointestinal and vaginal tracts, dual-channel probiotic therapy holds promise as a more effective approach for H. pylori eradication and dysbiosis mitigation, presenting a novel concept in the collaborative treatment of gastrointestinal and genital disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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Ozcan G, Tanyolaç Talay ZG, Paerhati E, Eren OC, Coskun N, Sahin D, Alnajjar I, Albayrak O, Gursoy A, Keskin O, Celik E, Can F. Dysbiosis in pregnant mice induced by transfer of human vaginal microbiota followed by reversal of pathological changes in the uterus and placenta via progesterone treatment. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:427. [PMID: 38877443 PMCID: PMC11177491 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06595-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The vaginal microbiota dysbiosis induces inflammation in the uterus that triggers tissue damage and is associated with preterm birth. Progesterone is used to prevent labor in pregnant women at risk of preterm birth. However, the mechanism of action of progesterone still needs to be clarified. We aimed to show the immunomodulatory effect of progesterone on the inflammation of uterine tissue triggered by dysbiotic vaginal microbiota in a pregnant mouse model. METHODS Healthy (n = 6) and dysbiotic (n = 7) vaginal microbiota samples isolated from pregnant women were transferred to control (n = 10) and dysbiotic (n = 14) pregnant mouse groups. The dysbiotic microbiota transferred group was treated with 1 mg progesterone (n = 7). Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry analyses were used to evaluate inflammatory processes. Vaginal microbiota samples were analyzed by 16 S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS Vaginal exposure to dysbiotic microbiota resulted in macrophage accumulation in the uterus and cellular damage in the placenta. Even though TNF and IL-6 elevations were not significant after dysbiotic microbiota transplantation, progesterone treatment decreased TNF and IL-6 expressions from 49.085 to 31.274% (p = 0.0313) and 29.279-21.216% (p = 0.0167), respectively. Besides, the macrophage density in the uterus was reduced, and less cellular damage in the placenta was observed. CONCLUSION Analyzing the vaginal microbiota before or during pregnancy may support the decision for initiation of progesterone therapy. Our results also guide the development of new strategies for preventing preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulin Ozcan
- Koç University İşBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Istanbul, Turkey
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zeynep Gülçe Tanyolaç Talay
- Koç University İşBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Istanbul, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ozgur Can Eren
- Koç University İşBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilhan Coskun
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Experimental Animals Laboratory, Embryo Research Laboratory, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Sahin
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Iman Alnajjar
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Albayrak
- Koç University Hospital Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Attila Gursoy
- College of Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Keskin
- College of Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Celik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fusun Can
- Koç University İşBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Istanbul, Turkey.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Cuffaro F, Russo E, Amedei A. Endometriosis, Pain, and Related Psychological Disorders: Unveiling the Interplay among the Microbiome, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress as a Common Thread. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6473. [PMID: 38928175 PMCID: PMC11203696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis (EM), a chronic condition in endometrial tissue outside the uterus, affects around 10% of reproductive-age women, significantly affecting fertility. Its prevalence remains elusive due to the surgical confirmation needed for diagnosis. Manifesting with a range of symptoms, including dysmenorrhea, dyschezia, dysuria, dyspareunia, fatigue, and gastrointestinal discomfort, EM significantly impairs quality of life due to severe chronic pelvic pain (CPP). Psychological manifestations, notably depression and anxiety, frequently accompany the physical symptoms, with CPP serving as a key mediator. Pain stems from endometrial lesions, involving oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, angiogenesis, and sensitization processes. Microbial dysbiosis appears to be crucial in the inflammatory mechanisms underlying EM and associated CPP, as well as psychological symptoms. In this scenario, dietary interventions and nutritional supplements could help manage EM symptoms by targeting inflammation, oxidative stress, and the microbiome. Our manuscript starts by delving into the complex relationship between EM pain and psychological comorbidities. It subsequently addresses the emerging roles of the microbiome, inflammation, and oxidative stress as common links among these abovementioned conditions. Furthermore, the review explores how dietary and nutritional interventions may influence the composition and function of the microbiome, reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, alleviate pain, and potentially affect EM-associated psychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cuffaro
- Division of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Edda Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 50139 Florence, Italy
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Powell AM, Ali Khan FZ, Ravel J, Elovitz MA. Untangling Associations of Microbiomes of Pregnancy and Preterm Birth. Clin Perinatol 2024; 51:425-439. [PMID: 38705650 PMCID: PMC11070640 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
This review illuminates the complex interplay between various maternal microbiomes and their influence on preterm birth (PTB), a driving and persistent contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Here, we examine the dynamics of oral, gastrointestinal (gut), placental, and vaginal microbiomes, dissecting their roles in the pathogenesis of PTB. Importantly, focusing on the vaginal microbiome and PTB, the review highlights (1) a protective role of Lactobacillus species; (2) an increased risk with select anaerobes; and (3) the influence of social health determinants on the composition of vaginal microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maya Powell
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Phipps 249, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Fouzia Zahid Ali Khan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Phipps 249, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jacques Ravel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, 670 West Baltimore Street, 3rd Floor, Room 3173, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michal A Elovitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Health Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Women's Biomedical Research Institute, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Chaudhary PP, Kaur M, Myles IA. Does "all disease begin in the gut"? The gut-organ cross talk in the microbiome. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:339. [PMID: 38771520 PMCID: PMC11108886 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The human microbiome, a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms within the body, plays pivotal roles in health and disease. This review explores site-specific microbiomes, their role in maintaining health, and strategies for their upkeep, focusing on oral, lung, vaginal, skin, and gut microbiota, and their systemic connections. Understanding the intricate relationships between these microbial communities is crucial for unraveling mechanisms underlying human health. Recent research highlights bidirectional communication between the gut and distant microbiome sites, influencing immune function, metabolism, and disease susceptibility. Alterations in one microbiome can impact others, emphasizing their interconnectedness and collective influence on human physiology. The therapeutic potential of gut microbiota in modulating distant microbiomes offers promising avenues for interventions targeting various disorders. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and technological advancements, we can harness the power of the microbiome to revolutionize healthcare, emphasizing microbiome-centric approaches to promote holistic well-being while identifying areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Prashant Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Mahaldeep Kaur
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ian A Myles
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Salavati Schmitz S, Salgado JPA, Glendinning L. Microbiota of healthy dogs demonstrate a significant decrease in richness and changes in specific bacterial groups in response to supplementation with resistant starch, but not psyllium or methylcellulose, in a randomized cross-over trial. Access Microbiol 2024; 6:000774.v4. [PMID: 38868374 PMCID: PMC11165627 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000774.v4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Even though dietary fibres are often used as prebiotic supplements in dogs, the effect of individual types of fibres on canine microbiota composition is unknown. The objective of this study was to assess changes in faecal microbiota richness, diversity and taxonomic abundance with three different fibre supplements in dogs. These were psyllium husk, resistant starch from banana flour and methylcellulose. They were administered to 17 healthy dogs in a cross-over trial after transition to the same complete feed. Faecal scores and clinical activity indices were recorded, and faecal samples were collected before and at the end of supplementation, as well as 2 weeks after each supplement (washout). Illumina NovaSeq paired-end 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on all samples. After quality control and chimera removal, alpha diversity indices were calculated with QIIME. Differences in specific taxa between groups were identified using Metastats. Methylcellulose significantly increased faecal scores but had no effect on microbiota. Psyllium resulted in minor changes in the abundance of specific taxa, but with questionable biological significance. Resistant starch reduced microbiota richness and resulted in the most abundant changes in taxa, mostly a reduction in short-chain fatty acid-producing genera of the phylum Bacillota, with an increase in genera within the Bacteroidota, Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota and Saccharibacteria. In conclusion, while psyllium and methylcellulose led to few changes in the microbiota composition, the taxonomic changes seen with resistant starch may indicate a less favourable composition. Based on this, the type of resistant starch used here cannot be recommended as a prebiotic in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Salavati Schmitz
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine,, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Jorge Perez-Accino Salgado
- Hospital for Small Animals, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine,, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Laura Glendinning
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
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Jang S, Jeon M, Mun SJ, Kim SH. Clinical characteristics and risk factors for septic shock in patients with pyometra: A retrospective multicenter cohort study. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:862-867. [PMID: 38554592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyometra is a disease characterized by the collection of pus in the uterus. The clinical characteristics and etiology of pyometra have not been sufficiently described. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics, epidemiology, outcomes, and risk factors of septic shock in patients with pyometra. METHODS Patients with pyometra admitted to one of four university-affiliated hospitals between January 2010 to August 2022 were enrolled. Pyometra cases associated with peripartum infection and surgical site infection were excluded. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of pyometra were described, and pyometra patients with or without septic shock were compared. RESULTS A total of 192 patients was included. Twenty-eight-day all-cause mortality was 5.0%, and the 1-year recurrence rate was 6.3%. Median patient age was 77.5 years. The two most common symptoms were abdominal pain (49.0%) and vaginal discharge (47.9%). Escherichia coli (40.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.7%), and Streptococcus spp.(16.0%) were the pathogens most frequently isolated by conventional culture; those isolated from polymerase chain reaction were Mycoplasma hominis (48.0%), and Ureaplasma spp. (32.0%). In multivariable analysis, fever, uterine perforation, and dementia were associated with increased incidence of septic shock, while vaginal discharge was associated with a lower incidence of septic shock. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that pyometra is a unique gynecological infectious syndrome in post-menopausal individuals. The most common associated pathogens are similar to those involved in urinary tract infections rather than those of sexually transmitted diseases. Decreased cognitive function could delay early diagnosis of pyometra and lead to septic shock and higher mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukbin Jang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Dankook University School of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Jeon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jun Mun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Si-Ho Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
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Lin X, Zheng W, Zhao X, Zeng M, Li S, Peng S, Song T, Sun Y. Microbiome in gynecologic malignancies: a bibliometric analysis from 2012 to 2022. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:1980-1996. [PMID: 38737701 PMCID: PMC11082697 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Microbiome and microbial dysbiosis have been proven to be involved in the carcinogenesis and treatment of gynecologic malignancies. However, there is a noticeable gap in the literature, as no comprehensive papers have covered general information, research status, and research frontiers in this field. This study addressed this gap by exploring the relationship between the gut and female reproductive tract (FRT) microbiome and gynecological cancers from a bibliometric perspective. Using VOSviewer 1.6.18, CiteSpace 6.1.R6, and HistCite Pro 2.1 software, we analyzed data retrieved from the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Our dataset, consisting of 204 articles published from 2012 to 2022, revealed a consistent and upward publication trend. The United States and the United Kingdom were the primary driving forces, attributed to their prolificacy, high-quality output, and extensive cooperation. The University of Arizona Cancer Center, which is affiliated with the United States, ranked first among the top ten most prolific institutions. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology emerged as the leading publisher. Herbst-Kralovetz MM led as the most productive author. Mitra A was the most influential author. Cervical cancer is notably associated with the microbiome, while endometrial and ovarian cancers are receiving increased attention in the last year. Intersections between the gut microbiome and estrogen are of growing importance. Current research focuses on identifying specific microbial species for etiological diagnosis, while frontiers mainly focus on the anticancer potential of microorganisms, such as regulating the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors. In conclusion, this study sheds light on a novel and burgeoning direction of research, providing a one-stop overview of the microbiome in gynecologic malignancies. Its findings aim to help young researchers to identify research directions and future trends for ongoing investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Lin
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiqin Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengyao Zeng
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shibo Li
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sizheng Peng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhui Sun
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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12
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Liu J, Chen Q, Su R. Interplay of human gastrointestinal microbiota metabolites: Short-chain fatty acids and their correlation with Parkinson's disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37960. [PMID: 38669388 PMCID: PMC11049718 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are, the metabolic byproducts of intestinal microbiota that, are generated through anaerobic fermentation of undigested dietary fibers. SCFAs play a pivotal role in numerous physiological functions within the human body, including maintaining intestinal mucosal health, modulating immune functions, and regulating energy metabolism. In recent years, extensive research evidence has indicated that SCFAs are significantly involved in the onset and progression of Parkinson disease (PD). However, the precise mechanisms remain elusive. This review comprehensively summarizes the progress in understanding how SCFAs impact PD pathogenesis and the underlying mechanisms. Primarily, we delve into the synthesis, metabolism, and signal transduction of SCFAs within the human body. Subsequently, an analysis of SCFA levels in patients with PD is presented. Furthermore, we expound upon the mechanisms through which SCFAs induce inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, abnormal aggregation of alpha-synuclein, and the intricacies of the gut-brain axis. Finally, we provide a critical analysis and explore the potential therapeutic role of SCFAs as promising targets for treating PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Liu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qi Chen
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Ruijun Su
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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13
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Espinosa ME, Melo A, Leon M, Bautista-Valarezo E, Zambrano F, Uribe P, Bravo A, Taubert A, Hermosilla C, Iturrieta V, Sánchez R. Vaginal Microbiota and Proinflammatory Status in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Exploratory Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2278. [PMID: 38673551 PMCID: PMC11051557 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-metabolic disease most common in patients of childbearing age. This pathology is associated with clinical, metabolic, and reproductive complications. We evaluated the diversity of the vaginal microbiota (VM), the vaginal inflammatory reaction (VIR), the proinflammatory state, and the activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) with the production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Methods: Thirty-three patients who attended a consultation at the Hospital UTPL-Santa Inés, Loja, Ecuador, from May to August 2023 who were diagnosed with PCOS participated in this study. Blood samples, vaginal discharge, and a survey were obtained. Results: A high number of patients, 23/33 (69.7%), presented altered microbiota in clinical variables associated with PCOS phenotypes A and B, sexual partners (>2), and oligomenorrhoea. A significant statistical association was only observed for sexually transmitted infections at sampling (p = 0.023) and insulin (p = 0.002). All eight cases studied with VIR had PMN/NETotic activity. A high frequency of proinflammatory states was observed in all vaginal microbiota states. Conclusions: These results suggest that the PCOS could trigger a proinflammatory state in the vaginal epithelium independently of the state of the vaginal microbiota. Furthermore, the presence of NETs observed in the cases studied could decrease fertility in these PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Espinosa
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad of La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, UTPL, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador;
| | - Angélica Melo
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource (CEMT-BIOREN), Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.M.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (P.U.); (A.B.); (V.I.)
| | - Marion Leon
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource (CEMT-BIOREN), Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.M.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (P.U.); (A.B.); (V.I.)
| | - Estefanía Bautista-Valarezo
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, UTPL, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador;
| | - Fabiola Zambrano
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource (CEMT-BIOREN), Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.M.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (P.U.); (A.B.); (V.I.)
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad of La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Pamela Uribe
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource (CEMT-BIOREN), Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.M.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (P.U.); (A.B.); (V.I.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad of La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Anita Bravo
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource (CEMT-BIOREN), Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.M.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (P.U.); (A.B.); (V.I.)
| | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (A.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Carlos Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (A.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Virginia Iturrieta
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource (CEMT-BIOREN), Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.M.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (P.U.); (A.B.); (V.I.)
| | - Raul Sánchez
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine-Scientific and Technological Bioresource (CEMT-BIOREN), Temuco 4780000, Chile; (A.M.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (P.U.); (A.B.); (V.I.)
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad of La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
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14
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Pedro NA, Mira NP. A molecular view on the interference established between vaginal Lactobacilli and pathogenic Candida species: Challenges and opportunities for the development of new therapies. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127628. [PMID: 38246122 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Vaginal infectious diseases caused by viruses and bacteria have been linked to the occurrence of dysbiosis, that is, a reduction in the abundance of the normally dominating vaginal Lactobacillus species. Mucosal infections in the vagina and/or vulva caused by Candida species, usually known as vulvovaginal candidiasis (or VVC), are among the leading causes of diseases in the vaginal tract. The existence of a clear link between the occurrence of dysbiosis and the development of VVC is still unclear, although multiple observations point in that direction. Based on the idea that vaginal health is linked to a microbiota dominated by lactobacilli, several probiotics have been used in management of VVC, either alone or in combination with antifungals, having obtained different degrees of success. In most cases, the undertaken trials resorted to lactobacilli species other than those indigenous to the vaginal tract, although in vitro these vaginal species were shown to reduce growth, viability and virulence of Candida. In this paper we overview the role of lactobacilli and Candida in the vaginal micro- and myco-biomes, while discussing the results obtained in what concerns the establishment of interference mechanisms in vivo and the environmental factors that could determine that. We also overview the molecular mechanisms by which lactobacilli species have been shown to inhibit pathophysiology of Candida, including the description of the genes and pathways determining their ability to thrive in the presence of each other. In a time where concerns are increasing with the emergence of antifungal resistance and the slow pace of discovery of new antifungals, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms underneath the anti-Candida effect prompted by vaginal lactobacilli is of utmost importance to assure a knowledge-based design of what can be a new generation of pharmaceuticals, eventually focusing therapeutic targets other than the usual ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno A Pedro
- iBB, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico - Department of Bioengineering, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno P Mira
- iBB, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico - Department of Bioengineering, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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15
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Gao H, Liu Q, Wang X, Li T, Li H, Li G, Tan L, Chen Y. Deciphering the role of female reproductive tract microbiome in reproductive health: a review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1351540. [PMID: 38562966 PMCID: PMC10982509 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1351540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Relevant studies increasingly indicate that female reproductive health is confronted with substantial challenges. Emerging research has revealed that the microbiome interacts with the anatomy, histology, and immunity of the female reproductive tract, which are the cornerstone of maintaining female reproductive health and preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes. Currently, the precise mechanisms underlying their interaction and impact on physiological functions of the reproductive tract remain elusive, constituting a prominent area of investigation within the field of female reproductive tract microecology. From this new perspective, we explore the mechanisms of interactions between the microbiome and the anatomy, histology, and immunity of the female reproductive tract, factors that affect the composition of the microbiome in the female reproductive tract, as well as personalized medicine approaches in managing female reproductive tract health based on the microbiome. This study highlights the pivotal role of the female reproductive tract microbiome in maintaining reproductive health and influencing the occurrence of reproductive tract diseases. These findings support the exploration of innovative approaches for the prevention, monitoring and treatment of female reproductive tract diseases based on the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Qiao Liu
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaolan Wang
- Center for a Combination of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Genlin Li
- Center for a Combination of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lingling Tan
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yahui Chen
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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16
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Yao Y, Hu H, Chen L, Zheng H. Association between gut microbiota and menstrual disorders: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1321268. [PMID: 38516009 PMCID: PMC10954809 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1321268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence from observational studies and clinical trials suggests that the gut microbiota is associated with gynecological diseases. However, the causal relationship between gut microbiota and menstrual disorders remains to be determined. Methods We obtained summary data of gut microbiota from the global consortium MiBio-Gen's genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset and data on menstrual disorders from the IEU Open GWAS project. MR-Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighted, simple mode, and weighted mode were used to examine the causal association between gut microbiota and menstrual disorders. Thorough sensitivity studies were performed to confirm the data's horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneity, and robustness. Results Through MR analysis of 119 kinds of gut microbiota and 4 kinds of clinical phenotypes, it was discovered that 23 different kinds of gut microbiota were loosely connected to menstrual disorders. After FDR correction, the results showed that only Escherichia/Shigella (p = 0.00032, PFDR = 0.0382, OR = 1.004, 95%CI = 1.002-1.006) is related to menstrual disorders. Conclusion According to our MR Analysis, there are indications of a causal relationship between menstrual disorders and gut microbiota. This finding could lead to new discoveries into the mechanisms behind menstrual disorders and clinical research involving the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Yao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoran Hu
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Longhao Chen
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Ashonibare VJ, Akorede BA, Ashonibare PJ, Akhigbe TM, Akhigbe RE. Gut microbiota-gonadal axis: the impact of gut microbiota on reproductive functions. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1346035. [PMID: 38482009 PMCID: PMC10933031 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1346035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The influence of gut microbiota on physiological processes is rapidly gaining attention globally. Despite being under-studied, there are available data demonstrating a gut microbiota-gonadal cross-talk, and the importance of this axis in reproduction. This study reviews the impacts of gut microbiota on reproduction. In addition, the possible mechanisms by which gut microbiota modulates male and female reproduction are presented. Databases, including Embase, Google scholar, Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, were explored using relevant key words. Findings showed that gut microbiota promotes gonadal functions by modulating the circulating levels of steroid sex hormones, insulin sensitivity, immune system, and gonadal microbiota. Gut microbiota also alters ROS generation and the activation of cytokine accumulation. In conclusion, available data demonstrate the existence of a gut microbiota-gonadal axis, and role of this axis on gonadal functions. However, majority of the data were compelling evidences from animal studies with a great dearth of human data. Therefore, human studies validating the reports of experimental studies using animal models are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victory J. Ashonibare
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Bolaji A. Akorede
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
| | - Precious J. Ashonibare
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Tunmise M. Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Breeding and Genetic Unit, Department of Agronomy, Osun State University, Ejigbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Roland Eghoghosoa Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
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18
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Potter AD, Criss AK. Dinner date: Neisseria gonorrhoeae central carbon metabolism and pathogenesis. Emerg Top Life Sci 2024; 8:15-28. [PMID: 37144661 PMCID: PMC10625648 DOI: 10.1042/etls20220111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea, is a human-adapted pathogen that does not productively infect other organisms. The ongoing relationship between N. gonorrhoeae and the human host is facilitated by the exchange of nutrient resources that allow for N. gonorrhoeae growth in the human genital tract. What N. gonorrhoeae 'eats' and the pathways used to consume these nutrients have been a topic of investigation over the last 50 years. More recent investigations are uncovering the impact of N. gonorrhoeae metabolism on infection and inflammatory responses, the environmental influences driving N. gonorrhoeae metabolism, and the metabolic adaptations enabling antimicrobial resistance. This mini-review is an introduction to the field of N. gonorrhoeae central carbon metabolism in the context of pathogenesis. It summarizes the foundational work used to characterize N. gonorrhoeae central metabolic pathways and the effects of these pathways on disease outcomes, and highlights some of the most recent advances and themes under current investigation. This review ends with a brief description of the current outlook and technologies under development to increase understanding of how the pathogenic potential of N. gonorrhoeae is enabled by metabolic adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee D. Potter
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Alison K. Criss
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA
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19
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Pescatori M. Evaluating occult causes of disease: the tricompartmental PNEI approach and the importance of the microbiome. Tech Coloproctol 2024; 28:36. [PMID: 38381266 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M Pescatori
- Unità di Colonproctologia, Clinica Parioli, Rome, Italy.
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20
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Fong Amaris WM, de Assumpção PP, Valadares LJ, Moreira FC. Microbiota changes: the unseen players in cervical cancer progression. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1352778. [PMID: 38389527 PMCID: PMC10881787 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1352778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer ranks among the most prevalent cancers globally with high-risk human papillomaviruses implicated in nearly 99% of cases. However, hidden players such as changes in the microbiota are now being examined as potential markers in the progression of this disease. Researchers suggest that changes in the vaginal microbiota might correlate with cervical cancer. This review provides a comprehensive look at the microbiota changes linked with the advancement of cervical cancer. It also scrutinizes the databases from past studies on the microbiota during healthy and cancerous stages, drawing connections between prior findings concerning the role of the microbiota in the progression of cervical cancer. Preliminary findings identify Fusobacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Campylobacter spp., and Haemophilus spp., as potential biomarkers for cervical cancer progression. Alloscardovia spp., Eubacterium spp., and Mycoplasma spp. were identified as potential biomarkers for HPVs (+), while Methylobacterium spp. may be indicative of HPV (-). However, the study's limitations, including potential biases and methodological constraints, underscore the need for further research to validate these findings and delve deeper into the microbiota's role in HPV development. Despite these limitations, the review provides valuable insights into microbiota trends during cervical cancer progression, offering direction for future research. The review summarizes key findings from previous studies on microbiota during healthy and cancerous stages, as well as other conditions such as CIN, SIL, HPV (+), and HPV (-), indicating a promising area for further investigation. The consistent presence of HPV across all reported cervical abnormalities, along with the identification of distinct bacterial genera between cancerous and control samples, suggests a potential link that merits further exploration. In conclusion, a more profound understanding of the microbial landscape could elucidate the pathogenesis of cervical diseases and inform future strategies for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Fong Amaris
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paulo Pimentel de Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Jacomo Valadares
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
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21
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Ansari A, You YA, Lee G, Kim SM, Park SW, Hur YM, Kim YJ. Dysbiotic Vaginal Microbiota Induces Preterm Birth Cascade via Pathogenic Molecules in the Vagina. Metabolites 2024; 14:45. [PMID: 38248848 PMCID: PMC10821287 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysbiotic vaginal microbiota (DVM) disturb the vaginal environment, including pH, metabolite, protein, and cytokine profiles. This study investigated the impact of DVM on the vaginal environment in 40 Korean pregnant women and identified predictable biomarkers of birth outcomes. Cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) samples were collected in the third trimester using vaginal swabs, examined for pH, and stored at -80 °C for further analysis. The samples were grouped as full-term (FTB, n = 20) and preterm (PTB, n = 20) births. The microbiota was profiled in the V1-V9 regions. The levels of targeted metabolites, TLR-4, and cytokines were determined. The pH of CVF from PTB (>4.5) was significantly higher than that of the CVF from FTB (>3.5) (p < 0.05). Neonatal gestational age at delivery, birth weight, and Apgar score differed significantly between groups. The relative abundances of beneficial Lactobacillus spp., such as Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus jensenii, and Bifidobacterium, were higher in FTB, whereas those of pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus, Prevotella, Ureaplasma parvum, and Corynebacterium spp. were higher in PTB. Acetate, methanol, TLR-4, and TNF-α levels were negatively correlated with gestational age at delivery and birth weight. Moreover, ethanol, methanol, TLR-4, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels were positively correlated with succinate, acetate, acetoacetate, formate, and ammonia. Overall, DVM induces preterm birth via pathogenic molecules in the vagina.
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Affiliation(s)
- AbuZar Ansari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ah You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
| | - Gain Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Min Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Wha Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
| | - Young Min Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea; (Y.-A.Y.); (G.L.); (S.M.K.); (S.W.P.); (Y.M.H.)
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
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22
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Graziottin A. Maintaining vulvar, vaginal and perineal health: Clinical considerations. WOMEN'S HEALTH (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 20:17455057231223716. [PMID: 38396383 PMCID: PMC10894559 DOI: 10.1177/17455057231223716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Knowledge of female genital anatomy and physiology is often inadequate or incorrect among women. Precise patient-physician conversations can be inhibited by a reluctance or inability to speak accurately about the vulva and vagina, with the terms often being used interchangeably. There is a paucity of scientific evidence and clinical guidelines to support women and physicians in ensuring best practices in feminine hygiene. In this review, the unmet needs in the field are highlighted. Evidence is provided for the complex array of physiological and pathological systems, mechanisms and behaviours that either protect or, if inappropriate, predispose the vulva and vagina to infections, irritation or other conditions. The need for attention to perineal health is recommended, given the interdependence of perineal and vulvar microbiota and the risk of colonic pathogens reaching the vulva and the vagina. Differences in feminine hygiene practices can vary widely across the world and among varying age groups, and suboptimal habits (such as vaginal douching or the use of certain cleansers) can be associated with increased risks of vulvar and vaginal conditions. Critical areas for discussion when advising women on their intimate health include: advice surrounding aesthetic vulvar cosmetic trends (such as depilation and genital cosmetic surgery), bowel health and habits, and protection against sexually transmitted infections. Routine, once-daily (maximum twice-daily) washing of the vulva with a pH-balanced, mild cleanser is optimal, ideally soon after bowel voiding, when feasible. Due to the finely balanced ecosystems of the vulva, the vagina and the perineal area, a scientific and clinical perspective is essential when determining the most appropriate vulvar cleansers based on their components. Correct intimate care may contribute to improved genital and sexual health and overall well-being. An increased awareness of correct practices will empower women to be the advocates of their own intimate health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Graziottin
- Centre of Gynaecology and Medical Sexology, San Raffaele Resnati Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Specialty School, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Specialty School of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Alessandra Graziottin Foundation for the Cure and Care of Pain in Women, NPO, Milan, Italy
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23
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Morańska K, Englert-Golon M, Durda-Masny M, Sajdak S, Grabowska M, Szwed A. Why Does Your Uterus Become Malignant? The Impact of the Microbiome on Endometrial Carcinogenesis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2269. [PMID: 38137870 PMCID: PMC10744771 DOI: 10.3390/life13122269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to describe the uterine microbiome composition that has been analyzed so far and describe potential pathways in the carcinogenesis of the endometrium. The microbiome in the uterine environment is involved in apoptosis and proliferation during the menstruation cycle, pregnancy maintenance, and immune system support. However, bacteria in the uterus could stimulate inflammation, which when chronic results in malignancy. An altered gut microbiota initiates an inflammatory response through microorganism-associated molecular patterns, which leads to intensified steroidogenesis in the ovaries and cancers. Moreover, intestinal bacteria secreting the enzyme β-glucuronidase may increase the level of circulating estrogen and, as a result, be influential in gynecological cancers. Both the uterine and the gut microbiota play a pivotal role in immune modulation, which is why there is a demand for further investigation from both the diagnostic and the therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Morańska
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland (A.S.)
| | - Monika Englert-Golon
- Department of Gynaecology Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Division of Gynecological Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Durda-Masny
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland (A.S.)
| | - Stefan Sajdak
- Department of Gynaecology Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Division of Gynecological Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marlena Grabowska
- Department of Gynaecology Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Division of Gynecological Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anita Szwed
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 6, 61-614 Poznan, Poland (A.S.)
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24
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Hadley M, Oppong AY, Coleman J, Powell AM. Structural Racism and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Through the Lens of the Maternal Microbiome. Obstet Gynecol 2023; 142:911-919. [PMID: 37678901 PMCID: PMC10510805 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000005345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbiome science offers a glimpse into personalized medicine by characterizing health and disease states according to an individual's microbial signatures. Without a critical examination of the use of race as a variable, microbiome studies may be susceptible to the same pitfalls as other areas of science grounded in racist biology. We will examine the use of race as a biological variable in pregnancy-related microbiome research. Emerging data from studies that investigate the intestinal microbiome in pregnancy suggest strong influence of a poor diet on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Differences in the vaginal microbiome implicated in adverse pregnancy outcomes are frequently attributed to race. We review evidence that links systemic racism to pregnancy health outcome differences with a focus on the vaginal and intestinal microbiomes as well as diet. We also review how structural racism ultimately contributes to inequitable access to healthy food and higher risk environmental exposures among pregnant people of lower socioeconomic status and exacerbates common pregnancy comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Hadley
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and the University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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25
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Gill B, Schwecht I, Rahman N, Dhawan T, Verschoor C, Nazli A, Kaushic C. Metabolic signature for a dysbiotic microbiome in the female genital tract: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13781. [PMID: 37766408 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vaginal microbiome (VMB) is a critical determinant of reproductive health, where a microbial shift towards a dysbiotic environment has implications for susceptibility to, and clinical presentation of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Metabolomic profiling of the vaginal microenvironment has led to the identification of metabolic responses to clinical conditions of dysbiosis. However, no studies have examined metabolic markers that are common across conditions and can serve as a signature for vaginal dysbiosis. METHOD OF STUDY We have conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to identify consistently deregulated metabolites along with their impact on host and microbial metabolism during dysbiosis. We employed two complementary approaches including a vote counting analysis for all eligible studies identified in the systematic review, in addition to a meta-analysis for a subset of studies with sufficient available data. Significantly deregulated metabolites were then selected for pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS Our results revealed a total of 502 altered metabolites reported across 10 dysbiotic conditions from 16 studies. Following a rigorous, collective analysis, six metabolites which were consistently downregulated and could be generalized to all dysbiotic conditions were identified. In addition, five downregulated and one upregulated metabolite was identified from a bacterial vaginosis (BV) focused sub-analysis. These metabolites have the potential to serve as a metabolic signature for vaginal dysbiosis. Their role in eight altered metabolic pathways indicates a disruption of amino acid, carbohydrate, and energy metabolism during dysbiosis. CONCLUSION Based on this analysis, we propose a schematic model outlining the common metabolic perturbations associated with vaginal dysbiosis, which can be potential targets for therapeutics and prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biban Gill
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, Michael G. DeGroote Center for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ingrid Schwecht
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, Michael G. DeGroote Center for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nuzhat Rahman
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, Michael G. DeGroote Center for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tushar Dhawan
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, Michael G. DeGroote Center for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Chris Verschoor
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Aisha Nazli
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, Michael G. DeGroote Center for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Charu Kaushic
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Center, Michael G. DeGroote Center for Learning and Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Martinelli S, Nannini G, Cianchi F, Staderini F, Coratti F, Amedei A. Microbiota Transplant and Gynecological Disorders: The Bridge between Present and Future Treatments. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2407. [PMID: 37894065 PMCID: PMC10609601 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a procedure that involves transferring fecal bacteria from a healthy donor to a patients' intestines to restore gut-immunity homeostasis. While FMT was primarily supposed to treat gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome-and especially Clostridium difficile infection (currently the only used as clinical treatment)-recent research has suggested that it may also become a potential treatment for gynecological disorders, including endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). On the contrary, vaginal microbiota transplantation (VMT) is a newer and less commonly used procedure than the FMT approach, and its potential applications are still being explored. It involves direct grafting of the entire vaginal microbiota of healthy women into the vaginal tract of patients to easily rebuild the local microbiota environment, restoring vaginal eubiosis and relieving symptoms. Like FMT, VMT is thought to have potential in treating different microbiota-related conditions. In fact, many gynecological disorders, such as bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis, are thought to be caused by an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota. In this review, we will summarize the development, current challenges, and future perspectives of microbiota transplant, with the aim of exploring new strategies for its employment as a promising avenue for treating a broad range of gynecological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Martinelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (F.C.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Giulia Nannini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (F.C.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Fabio Cianchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (F.C.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Fabio Staderini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (F.C.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Coratti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (F.C.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (F.C.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
- SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), 50139 Florence, Italy
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Santos FP, Carvalhos CA, Figueiredo-Dias M. New Insights into Photobiomodulation of the Vaginal Microbiome-A Critical Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13507. [PMID: 37686314 PMCID: PMC10487748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new technologies such as sequencing has greatly enhanced our understanding of the human microbiome. The interactions between the human microbiome and the development of several diseases have been the subject of recent research. In-depth knowledge about the vaginal microbiome (VMB) has shown that dysbiosis is closely related to the development of gynecologic and obstetric disorders. To date, the progress in treating or modulating the VMB has lagged far behind research efforts. Photobiomodulation (PBM) uses low levels of light, usually red or near-infrared, to treat a diversity of conditions. Several studies have demonstrated that PBM can control the microbiome and improve the activity of the immune system. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the microbiome, mostly to the gut microbiome and its connections with many diseases, such as metabolic disorders, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, autoimmunity, and neurological disorders. The applicability of PBM therapeutics to treat gut dysbiosis has been studied, with promising results. The possible cellular and molecular effects of PBM on the vaginal microbiome constitute a theoretical and promising field that is starting to take its first steps. In this review, we will discuss the potential mechanisms and effects of photobiomodulation in the VMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda P. Santos
- Faculty of Medicine, Gynecology University Clinic, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.A.C.); (M.F.-D.)
- Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Gynecology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-301 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlota A. Carvalhos
- Faculty of Medicine, Gynecology University Clinic, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.A.C.); (M.F.-D.)
- Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Gynecology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Figueiredo-Dias
- Faculty of Medicine, Gynecology University Clinic, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.A.C.); (M.F.-D.)
- Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Gynecology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-301 Coimbra, Portugal
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Salmeri N, Sinagra E, Dolci C, Buzzaccarini G, Sozzi G, Sutera M, Candiani M, Ungaro F, Massimino L, Danese S, Mandarino FV. Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Endometriosis: Birds of a Feather Flock Together-A Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2089. [PMID: 37630649 PMCID: PMC10458414 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are chronic conditions affecting up to 10% of the global population, imposing significant burdens on healthcare systems and patient quality of life. Interestingly, around 20% of endometriosis patients also present with symptoms indicative of IBS. The pathogenesis of both these multifactorial conditions remains to be fully elucidated, but connections to gut microbiota are becoming more apparent. Emerging research underscores significant differences in the gut microbiota composition between healthy individuals and those suffering from either endometriosis or IBS. Intestinal dysbiosis appears pivotal in both conditions, exerting an influence via similar mechanisms. It impacts intestinal permeability, triggers inflammatory reactions, and initiates immune responses. Furthermore, it is entwined in a bidirectional relationship with the brain, as part of the gut-brain axis, whereby dysbiosis influences and is influenced by mental health and pain perception. Recent years have witnessed the development of microbiota-focused therapies, such as low FODMAP diets, prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, designed to tackle dysbiosis and relieve symptoms. While promising, these treatments present inconsistent data, highlighting the need for further research. This review explores the evidence of gut dysbiosis in IBS and endometriosis, underscoring the similar role of microbiota in both conditions. A deeper understanding of this common mechanism may enable enhanced diagnostics and therapeutic advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Salmeri
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.D.); (G.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Emanuele Sinagra
- Gastroenterology & Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Contrada Pietra Pollastra Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy;
| | - Carolina Dolci
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.D.); (G.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Giovanni Buzzaccarini
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.D.); (G.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Giulio Sozzi
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Contrada Pietra Pollastra Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Miriam Sutera
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Contrada Pietra Pollastra Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.D.); (G.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Federica Ungaro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Luca Massimino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Silvio Danese
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Francesco Vito Mandarino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
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Qi F, Fan S, Fang C, Ge L, Lyu J, Huang Z, Zhao S, Zou Y, Huang L, Liu X, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Zhong Y, Zhang H, Xiao L, Zhang X. Orally administrated Lactobacillus gasseri TM13 and Lactobacillus crispatus LG55 can restore the vaginal health of patients recovering from bacterial vaginosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125239. [PMID: 37575226 PMCID: PMC10415204 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common infection of the lower genital tract with a vaginal microbiome dysbiosis caused by decreasing of lactobacilli. Previous studies suggested that supplementation with live Lactobacillus may benefit the recovery of BV, however, the outcomes vary in people from different regions. Herein, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of oral Chinese-origin Lactobacillus with adjuvant metronidazole (MET) on treating Chinese BV patients. In total, 67 Chinese women with BV were enrolled in this parallel controlled trial and randomly assigned to two study groups: a control group treated with MET vaginal suppositories for 7 days and a probiotic group treated with oral Lactobacillus gasseri TM13 and Lactobacillus crispatus LG55 as an adjuvant to MET for 30 days. By comparing the participants with Nugent Scores ≥ 7 and < 7 on days 14, 30, and 90, we found that oral administration of probiotics did not improve BV cure rates (72.73% and 84.00% at day 14, 57.14% and 60.00% at day 30, 32.14% and 48.39% at day 90 for probiotic and control group respectively). However, the probiotics were effective in restoring vaginal health after cure by showing higher proportion of participants with Nugent Scores < 4 in the probiotic group compared to the control group (87.50% and 71.43% on day 14, 93.75% and 88.89% on day 30, and 77.78% and 66.67% on day 90). The relative abundance of the probiotic strains was significantly increased in the intestinal microbiome of the probiotic group compared to the control group at day 14, but no significance was detected after 30 and 90 days. Also, the probiotics were not detected in vaginal microbiome, suggesting that L. gasseri TM13 and L. crispatus LG55 mainly acted through the intestine. A higher abundance of Prevotella timonensis at baseline was significantly associated with long-term cure failure of BV and greatly contributed to the enrichment of the lipid IVA synthesis pathway, which could aggravate inflammation response. To sum up, L. gasseri TM13 and L. crispatus LG55 can restore the vaginal health of patients recovering from BV, and individualized intervention mode should be developed to restore the vaginal health of patients recovering from BV. Clinical trial registration https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/, identifier NCT04771728.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- ShenZhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shangrong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- ShenZhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lan Ge
- BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinli Lyu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuoqi Huang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- ShenZhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaowei Zhao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- ShenZhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- ShenZhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liting Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinyang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiheng Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongke Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiyi Zhong
- BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- BGI Precision Nutrition (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- ShenZhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen Peking University Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Singh SV, Ganguly R, Jaiswal K, Yadav AK, Kumar R, Pandey AK. Molecular signalling during cross talk between gut brain axis regulation and progression of irritable bowel syndrome: A comprehensive review. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:4458-4476. [PMID: 37469740 PMCID: PMC10353503 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i19.4458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional disorder which alters gastrointestinal (GI) functions, thus leading to compromised health status. Pathophysiology of IBS is not fully understood, whereas abnormal gut brain axis (GBA) has been identified as a major etiological factor. Recent studies are suggestive for visceral hyper-sensitivity, altered gut motility and dysfunctional autonomous nervous system as the main clinical abnormalities in IBS patients. Bidirectional signalling interactions among these abnormalities are derived through various exogenous and endogenous factors, such as microbiota population and diversity, microbial metabolites, dietary uptake, and psychological abnormalities. Strategic efforts focused to study these interactions including probiotics, antibiotics and fecal transplantations in normal and germ-free animals are clearly suggestive for the pivotal role of gut microbiota in IBS etiology. Additionally, neurotransmitters act as communication tools between enteric microbiota and brain functions, where serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) plays a key role in pathophysiology of IBS. It regulates GI motility, pain sense and inflammatory responses particular to mucosal and brain activity. In the absence of a better understanding of various interconnected crosstalks in GBA, more scientific efforts are required in the search of novel and targeted therapies for the management of IBS. In this review, we have summarized the gut microbial composition, interconnected signalling pathways and their regulators, available therapeutics, and the gaps needed to fill for a better management of IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Vardan Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad (Prayagraj) 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Risha Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad (Prayagraj) 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kritika Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad (Prayagraj) 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditya Kumar Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad (Prayagraj) 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad (Prayagraj) 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhay K Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad (Prayagraj) 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Colella M, Topi S, Palmirotta R, D'Agostino D, Charitos IA, Lovero R, Santacroce L. An Overview of the Microbiota of the Human Urinary Tract in Health and Disease: Current Issues and Perspectives. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1486. [PMID: 37511861 PMCID: PMC10381901 DOI: 10.3390/life13071486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This article is intended to deepen our knowledge to date regarding the functions of the resident microbiota/microbiome in the urinary system for human health and disease. First, we sought to report the general characteristics (composition and stability) of the normal urinary system microbiota in the different anatomical sites in relation to some factors such as the effect of age, gender and diet, analyzing in detail the functions and the composition of the microbiota in the light of current knowledge. Several pieces of evidence suggest the importance of preserving the micro-ecosystem of the urinary system, and in some cases their relationship with diseases is important for maintaining human health is well understood. The female and male reproductive microbiota have mainly been studied over the past decade. In the past, the arrest was thought to have taken place in a sterile environment. Microorganisms of the microbiota form biofilms, three-dimensional structures, that differ in the reproductive organs and interact with both gametes and the embryo as well as with maternal tissues. These biofilms from the reproductive system also interact with others, such as that of the gastrointestinal tract. Reduction in its diversity intestinal microbiota can disrupt estrogen metabolism and affect the reproductive microbiota. It is therefore understood that its quantitative and qualitative identification is important for microbiota, but also the study of the structures formed by the microorganisms. A dysbiosis with local or systemic causes can lead to serious diseases. The role of probiotics in maintaining microbial population harmony (eubiosis) and preventing certain pathologies of the urinary and reproductive system was also investigated. A negative variation in the qualitative and quantitative composition of certain strains of microorganisms (dysbiosis) due to local or systemic causes can even lead to serious diseases. The role of probiotics in maintaining the healthy balance of microorganism populations (eubiosis), and thus in the prevention of certain pathologies of the urinary and reproductive system, has also been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Colella
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Skender Topi
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Elbasan "A. Xhuvani", 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Donato D'Agostino
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Elbasan "A. Xhuvani", 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, Clinical Scientific Institutes Maugeri (IRCCS), Section of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Lovero
- AOU Policlinico Consorziale di Bari-Ospedale Giovanni XXIII, Clinical Pathology Unit, Policlinico University Hospital of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Elbasan "A. Xhuvani", 3001 Elbasan, Albania
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Krupa-Kotara K, Grajek M, Grot M, Czarnota M, Wypych-Ślusarska A, Oleksiuk K, Głogowska-Ligus J, Słowiński J. Pre- and Postnatal Determinants Shaping the Microbiome of the Newborn in the Opinion of Pregnant Women from Silesia (Poland). Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1383. [PMID: 37374165 DOI: 10.3390/life13061383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre- and postnatal factors influence the formation of the newborn's microbiome as early as birth and the intrauterine period has a substantial impact on the composition of the baby's gastrointestinal microbiota and its subsequent development. This study intends to measure pregnant women's knowledge of the importance of microbiota for the health of the newborn. The sample was selected based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The assessment of women's knowledge was assessed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests. This study population comprised 291 adult pregnant women with a mean age of 28.4 ± 4.7 years. A total of 34% (n = 99), 35% (n = 101), and 31.3% (n = 91) were at the 1-3 trimester, respectively. The results showed that 36.4% of the women were aware that the intrauterine period changes the makeup of the gastrointestinal microbiota, whereas 5.8% exhibited awareness of the composition of the child's normal gut microbiota. Most of the women surveyed-(72.1%)-know that colonization of the tract occurs as early as the birth period. Women with student status (those who will pursue higher education in the future) and those who had given birth to the most children exhibited higher levels of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Krupa-Kotara
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Mateusz Grajek
- Department of Public Health, Department of Public Health Policy, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Martina Grot
- Student Scientific Society, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Martina Czarnota
- Student Scientific Society, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Agata Wypych-Ślusarska
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Klaudia Oleksiuk
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Joanna Głogowska-Ligus
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Jerzy Słowiński
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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Cocomazzi G, De Stefani S, Del Pup L, Palini S, Buccheri M, Primiterra M, Sciannamè N, Faioli R, Maglione A, Baldini GM, Baldini D, Pazienza V. The Impact of the Female Genital Microbiota on the Outcome of Assisted Reproduction Treatments. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1443. [PMID: 37374945 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The vaginal microbiota plays a critical role in the health of the female genital tract, and its composition contributes to gynecological disorders and infertility. Lactobacilli are the dominant species in the female genital tract: their production of lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocins prevents the invasion and growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Several factors such as hormonal changes, age of reproduction, sexual practices, menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and antimicrobial drugs use can cause imbalance and dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota. This review aims to highlight the impact of the vaginal microbiota in Assisted Reproductive Technology techniques (ART) and it examines the factors that influence the vaginal microbiota, the consequences of dysbiosis, and potential interventions to restore a healthy female genital tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Cocomazzi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | - Lino Del Pup
- Gynecological Endocrinology and Fertility, University Sanitary Agency Friuli Central (ASUFC), Via Pozzuolo, 330, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Simone Palini
- Ospedale "Cervesi" di Cattolica-AUSL Romagna Via Ludwig Van Beethoven, 1, 47841 Cattolica, Italy
| | - Matteo Buccheri
- Instituto Bernabeu Via Castellana, 88, 30030 Martellago, Italy
| | | | - Natale Sciannamè
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Raffaele Faioli
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Annamaria Maglione
- Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Maria Baldini
- IVF Center, Momò Fertilife, 76011 Bisceglie Via Cala dell'Arciprete, 76011 Bisceglie, Italy
| | - Domenico Baldini
- IVF Center, Momò Fertilife, 76011 Bisceglie Via Cala dell'Arciprete, 76011 Bisceglie, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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Rustetska N, Szczepaniak M, Goryca K, Bakuła-Zalewska E, Figat M, Kowalik A, Góźdź S, Kowalewska M. The intratumour microbiota and neutrophilic inflammation in squamous cell vulvar carcinoma microenvironment. J Transl Med 2023; 21:285. [PMID: 37118737 PMCID: PMC10141905 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04113-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A causal link between microbiota composition (dysbiosis) and oncogenesis has been demonstrated for several types of cancer. Neutrophils play a role in both immune protection against bacterial threats and carcinogenesis. This study aimed to characterise intratumoral bacteria in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and their putative effect on neutrophil recruitment and cancer progression. METHODS Clinical material was obtained from 89 patients with VSCC. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to detect bacterial species in VSCC. To verify neutrophil activation, CD66b expression in tumour specimens was analysed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Subsequently, IHC was applied to detect the main neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs), cathepsin G (CTSG), neutrophil elastase (ELANE), and proteinase 3 (PRTN3) in VSCC. RESULTS Fusobacterium nucleatum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified as tumour-promoting bacteria, and their presence was found to be associated with a shorter time to progression in VSCC patients. Furthermore, high abundance of CD66b, the neutrophil activation marker, in VSCC samples, was found to relate to poor survival of patients with VSCC. The selected NSPs were shown to be expressed in vulvar tumours, also within microabscess. The increased numbers of microabscesess were correlated with poor survival in VSCC patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that neutrophilic inflammation seem to be permissive for tumour-promoting bacteria growth in VSCC. The findings provide new therapeutic opportunities, such as based on shifting the balance of neutrophil populations to those with antitumorigenic activity and on targeting NSPs produced by activated neutrophils at the inflammation sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rustetska
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szczepaniak
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Goryca
- Genomics Core Facility, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elwira Bakuła-Zalewska
- Department of Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Figat
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Kowalik
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
- Division of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kowalewska
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland.
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Ansari A, Son D, Hur YM, Park S, You YA, Kim SM, Lee G, Kang S, Chung Y, Lim S, Kim YJ. Lactobacillus Probiotics Improve Vaginal Dysbiosis in Asymptomatic Women. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081862. [PMID: 37111086 PMCID: PMC10143682 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaginal dysbiosis can lead to serious infections in asymptomatic women. Lactobacillus probiotics (LBPs) are being investigated as a promising therapy for reversing vaginal microbiota dysbiosis. This study aimed to investigate whether administering LBPs could improve vaginal dysbiosis and facilitate the colonization of Lactobacillus species in asymptomatic women. 36 asymptomatic women were classified based on the Nugent score as Low-NS (n = 26) and High-NS (n = 10) groups. A combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus CBT LA1, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CBT LR5, and Lactobacillus reuteri CBT LU4 was administered orally for 6 weeks. The study found that among women with a High-NS, 60% showed improved vaginal dysbiosis with a Low-NS after LBP intake, while four retained a High-NS. Among women with a Low-NS, 11.5 % switched to a High-NS. Genera associated with vaginal dysbiosis were positively correlated with the alpha diversity or NS, while a negative correlation was observed between Lactobacillus and the alpha diversity and with the NS. Vaginal dysbiosis in asymptomatic women with an HNS improved after 6 weeks of LBP intake, and qRT-PCR revealed the colonization of Lactobacillus spp. in the vagina. These results suggested that oral administration of this LBP could improve vaginal health in asymptomatic women with an HNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- AbuZar Ansari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Dooheon Son
- R&D Center, Cell Biotech Co., Ltd., Gimpo 10003, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Hur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwha Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ah You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Min Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Gain Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbeom Kang
- R&D Center, Cell Biotech Co., Ltd., Gimpo 10003, Republic of Korea
| | - Yusook Chung
- R&D Center, Cell Biotech Co., Ltd., Gimpo 10003, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lim
- R&D Center, Cell Biotech Co., Ltd., Gimpo 10003, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Ewha Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07984, Republic of Korea
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Feng C, Jin C, Liu K, Yang Z. Microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids: Their role and mechanisms in viral infections. Biomed Pharmacother 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
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Mirzaei R, Kavyani B, Nabizadeh E, Kadkhoda H, Asghari Ozma M, Abdi M. Microbiota metabolites in the female reproductive system: Focused on the short-chain fatty acids. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14562. [PMID: 36967966 PMCID: PMC10031489 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Several disorders have been linked to modifications in the gut microbial imbalance, intestinal epithelium, and host immune system. In this regard, microbiota derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a key function in the regulation of histone deacetylases (HDACs), which affect modulation of immunity and regulation of inflammatory responses in the intestine and other organs. Studies examining the metabolites produced by polymicrobial bacterial vaginosis (BV) states and Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota have noted a dramatic reduction of lactic acid and a shift toward SCFA synthesis. Along with higher levels of SCFAs, acetate is typically the main metabolite in the cervicovaginal fluid of women with symptomatic bacterial vaginosis. The fact that SCFAs made by the vaginal microbiota have been shown to exhibit antibacterial and immune-modulating properties suggests that they may have promise as indicators of disease and/or disease susceptibility. In this review, we overview and summarize the current findings on the detrimental or protective roles of microbiota metabolites especially SCFAs in the health and disease of the female reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Batoul Kavyani
- Department of Medical Microbiology (Bacteriology & Virology), Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Edris Nabizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hiva Kadkhoda
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Asghari Ozma
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Abdi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Corresponding author.
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Microbiota Ecosystem in Recurrent Cystitis and the Immunological Microenvironment of Urothelium. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11040525. [PMID: 36833059 PMCID: PMC9956625 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent one of the most frequent low genital tract diseases in the female population. When UTIs occur with a frequency of at least three times per year or two times in the last six month, we speak of recurrent UTI (rUTI) and up to 70% of women will have rUTI within 1 year. It was previously thought that antibiotic resistance was principally responsible for the recurrence of UTIs, but nowadays new diagnostic technologies have shown the role of microbiota in the pathophysiology of these diseases. Much research has been conducted on the role of gut microbiome in the development of rUTI, while little is known yet about vaginal and urinary microbiome and the possible immunological and microscopical mechanisms through which they trigger symptoms. New discoveries and clinical perspectives are arising, and they all agree that a personalized, multi-modal approach, treating vaginal and urinary dysbiosis, may reduce rUTIs more successfully.
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Takada K, Melnikov VG, Kobayashi R, Komine-Aizawa S, Tsuji NM, Hayakawa S. Female reproductive tract-organ axes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1110001. [PMID: 36798125 PMCID: PMC9927230 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1110001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The female reproductive tract (FRT) and remote/versatile organs in the body share bidirectional communication. In this review, we discuss the framework of the "FRT-organ axes." Each axis, namely, the vagina-gut axis, uterus-gut axis, ovary-gut axis, vagina-bladder axis, vagina-oral axis, uterus-oral axis, vagina-brain axis, uterus-brain axis, and vagina-joint axis, is comprehensively discussed separately. Each axis could be involved in the pathogenesis of not only gynecological diseases but also diseases occurring apart from the FRT. Although the microbiota is clearly a key player in the FRT-organ axes, more quantitative insight into the homeostasis of the microbiota could be provided by host function measurements rather than current microbe-centric approaches. Therefore, investigation of the FRT-organ axes would provide us with a multicentric approach, including immune, neural, endocrine, and metabolic aspects, for understanding the homeostatic mechanism of women's bodies. The framework of the FRT-organ axes could also provide insights into finding new therapeutic approaches to maintain women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Takada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Division of Immune Homeostasis, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Kazuhide Takada, ; Satoshi Hayakawa,
| | | | - Ryoki Kobayashi
- Division of Immune Homeostasis, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University, School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shihoko Komine-Aizawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Division of Immune Homeostasis, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko M. Tsuji
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Division of Immune Homeostasis, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Food Science, Jumonji University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hayakawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Division of Immune Homeostasis, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Kazuhide Takada, ; Satoshi Hayakawa,
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40
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Corrie L, Awasthi A, Kaur J, Vishwas S, Gulati M, Kaur IP, Gupta G, Kommineni N, Dua K, Singh SK. Interplay of Gut Microbiota in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Role of Gut Microbiota, Mechanistic Pathways and Potential Treatment Strategies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:197. [PMID: 37259345 PMCID: PMC9967581 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) comprises a set of symptoms that pose significant risk factors for various diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Effective and safe methods to treat all the pathological symptoms of PCOS are not available. The gut microbiota has been shown to play an essential role in PCOS incidence and progression. Many dietary plants, prebiotics, and probiotics have been reported to ameliorate PCOS. Gut microbiota shows its effects in PCOS via a number of mechanistic pathways including maintenance of homeostasis, regulation of lipid and blood glucose levels. The effect of gut microbiota on PCOS has been widely reported in animal models but there are only a few reports of human studies. Increasing the diversity of gut microbiota, and up-regulating PCOS ameliorating gut microbiota are some of the ways through which prebiotics, probiotics, and polyphenols work. We present a comprehensive review on polyphenols from natural origin, probiotics, and fecal microbiota therapy that may be used to treat PCOS by modifying the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leander Corrie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Jaskiran Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600007, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | | | - Kamal Dua
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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The Implication of Mechanistic Approaches and the Role of the Microbiome in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010129. [PMID: 36677054 PMCID: PMC9863528 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As a complex endocrine and metabolic condition, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects women's reproductive health. These common symptoms include hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, irregular menstruation, and infertility. No one knows what causes it or how to stop it yet. Alterations in gut microbiota composition and disruptions in secondary bile acid production appear to play a causative role in developing PCOS. PCOS pathophysiology and phenotypes are tightly related to both enteric and vaginal bacteria. Patients with PCOS exhibit changed microbiome compositions and decreased microbial diversity. Intestinal microorganisms also alter PCOS patient phenotypes by upregulating or downregulating hormone release, gut-brain mediators, and metabolite synthesis. The human body's gut microbiota, also known as the "second genome," can interact with the environment to improve metabolic and immunological function. Inflammation is connected to PCOS and may be caused by dysbiosis in the gut microbiome. This review sheds light on the recently discovered connections between gut microbiota and insulin resistance (IR) and the potential mechanisms of PCOS. This study also describes metabolomic studies to obtain a clear view of PCOS and ways to tackle it.
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Chen S, Li J, Ren S, Gao Y, Zhou Y, Xuan R. Expression and clinical significance of short-chain fatty acids in pregnancy complications. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1071029. [PMID: 36710961 PMCID: PMC9876977 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1071029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the expression of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-metabolites of intestinal flora-in gestational complications of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia (PE), and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), and its clinical significance. Methods Targeted metabonomics was used to detect SCFAs in the serum of 28 GDM pregnant women, 28 PE pregnant women, 29 ICP pregnant women, and 27 healthy pregnant women (NP); their expression changes were observed; the correlation between SCFAs and clinical characteristics was studied; and their potential as biomarkers for clinical diagnosis was evaluated. Results There were significant differences in the SCFA metabolic spectrum between the GDM, PE, ICP, and NP groups. Quantitative analysis showed that the content of isobutyric acid in the three pregnancy complications groups (the GDM, PE, and ICP groups) was significantly higher than that in the NP group (p < 0.05), and other SCFAs also showed significant differences in the three pregnancy complications groups compared with the NP group (p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the generalized linear model showed that multiple SCFAs were highly sensitive and specific as diagnostic markers in the pregnancy complications groups, where isobutyric acid was highly predictive in GDM (area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.764) and PE (AUC = 1), and caproic acid was highly predictive in ICP (AUC = 0.968), with potential clinical application. Conclusion The metabolic products of intestinal flora, SCFAs, during pregnancy are closely related to pregnancy complications (GDM, PE, and ICP), and SCFAs can be used as potential markers of pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuaijun Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yajie Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuping Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,*Correspondence: Yuping Zhou, ; Rongrong Xuan,
| | - Rongrong Xuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China,*Correspondence: Yuping Zhou, ; Rongrong Xuan,
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Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Antiadhesive and Co-Aggregation Activity of a Multi-Strain Probiotic Composition against Different Urogenital Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021323. [PMID: 36674840 PMCID: PMC9867133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The urogenital microbiota is dominated by Lactobacillus that, together with Bifidobacterium, creates a physiological barrier counteracting pathogen infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a multi-strain probiotic formulation (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PBS067, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LRH020, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BL050) to inhibit adhesion and growth of urogenital pathogens. The antimicrobial and antiadhesive properties of the probiotic strains and their mixture were evaluated on human vaginal epithelium infected with Candida glabrata, Neisseria gonorrheae, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Escherichia coli-infected human bladder epithelium. The epithelial tissue permeability and integrity were assessed by transepithelial/transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). Co-aggregation between probiotics and vaginal pathogens was also investigated to elucidate a possible mechanism of action. The multi-strain formulation showed a full inhibition of T. vaginalis, and a reduction in C. glabrata and N. gonorrheae growth. A relevant antimicrobial activity was observed for each single strain against E. coli. TEER results demonstrated that none of the strains have negatively impaired the integrity of the 3D tissues. All the probiotics and their mixture were able to form aggregates with the tested pathogens. The study demonstrated that the three strains and their mixture are effective to prevent urogenital infections.
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Zhao QY, Zhang LY, Fu DY, Xu J, Chen P, Ye H. Lactobacillus spp. in the reproductive system of female moths and mating induced changes and possible transmission. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:308. [PMID: 36536275 PMCID: PMC9762107 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02724-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiome in the insect reproductive tract is poorly understood. Our previous study demonstrated the presence of Lactobacillus spp. in female moths, but their distribution and function remain unclear. Lactobacillus spp. are known as the 'healthy' vaginal microbiome in humans. RESULTS Here, we studied the microbiome in the reproductive system (RS) and gut of Spodoptera frugiperda using 16S rDNA sequences. The obtained 4315 bacterial OTUs were classified into 61 phyla and 642 genera, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidota being the top three dominant phyla and Enterococcus and Asaia being dominant genera in most samples. Mating dramatically increased the abundance of pathogens or pathogenic functions in the gut, while in the RS, the change range was trivial. Taxonomy assignment identified thirteen Lactobacillus spp. in S. frugiperda, with Lactobacillus crustorum and Lactobacillus murinus showing high abundance. Three species found in S. frugiperda, namely L. reuteri, L. plantarum and L. brevis, have also been identified as human 'healthy' vaginal bacterial species. Lactobacillus spp. showed higher abundance in the RS of virgin females and lower abundance in the RS of virgin males and the gut of virgin females. Mating reduced their abundance in the RS of females but increased their abundance in the RS of males, especially in males mated with multiple females. The RS of virgin females and of multiple mated males were very similar in terms of composition and abundance of Lactobacillus species, with Lactobacillus crustorum showing much higher abundance in both tissues, potentially due to sexual transmission. CONCLUSIONS Lactobacillus spp. showed high abundance and diversity in the RS of female moths. The higher abundance of Lactobacillus spp. in the RS of female moths and the similarity of Lactobacillus species in female moths with human 'healthy' vaginal Lactobacillus spp. suggest that these bacterial strains are also an important microbiome in the RS of female moths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yi Zhao
- grid.412720.20000 0004 1761 2943Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Bailong Road 300#, Kunming, 650224 China ,grid.412720.20000 0004 1761 2943Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Bailong Road 300#, Kunming, 650224 China
| | - Luo-Yan Zhang
- grid.412720.20000 0004 1761 2943Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Bailong Road 300#, Kunming, 650224 China
| | - Da-Ying Fu
- grid.412720.20000 0004 1761 2943Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Bailong Road 300#, Kunming, 650224 China
| | - Jin Xu
- grid.412720.20000 0004 1761 2943Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Bailong Road 300#, Kunming, 650224 China ,grid.412720.20000 0004 1761 2943Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Bailong Road 300#, Kunming, 650224 China
| | - Peng Chen
- grid.464490.b0000 0004 1798 048XYunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Lanan Road 2#, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Hui Ye
- grid.440773.30000 0000 9342 2456School of Ecology and Environment, Yunnan University, Cuihu North Road 2#, Kunming, 650091 China
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Choi S, Cha J, Song M, Son J, Park MR, Lim YJ, Kim TH, Lee KT, Park W. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing data for the taxonomic characterization of the vaginal and the fecal microbial communities in Hanwoo. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:1808-1816. [PMID: 36108700 PMCID: PMC9659453 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study of Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) has mainly been focused on meat quality and productivity. Recently the field of microbiome research has increased dramatically. However, the information on the microbiome in Hanwoo is still insufficient, especially relationship between vagina and feces. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the microbial community characteristics by analyzing the 16S rRNA sequencing data of Hanwoo vagina and feces, as well as to confirm the difference and correlation between vaginal and fecal microorganisms. As a result, the goal is to investigate if fecal microbiome can be used to predict vaginal microbiome. METHODS A total of 31 clinically healthy Hanwoo that delivered healthy calves more than once in Cheongju, South Korea were enrolled in this study. During the breeding season, we collected vaginal and fecal samples and sequenced the microbial 16S rRNA genes V3-V4 hypervariable regions from microbial DNA of samples. RESULTS The results revealed that the phylum-level microorganisms with the largest relative distribution were Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria in the vagina, and Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Spirochaetes in the feces, respectively. In the analysis of alpha, beta diversity, and effect size measurements (LefSe), the results showed significant differences between the vaginal and fecal samples. We also identified the function of these differentially abundant microorganisms by functional annotation analyses. But there is no significant correlation between vaginal and fecal microbiome. CONCLUSION There is a significant difference between vaginal and fecal microbiome, but no significant correlation. Therefore, it is difficult to interrelate vaginal microbiome as fecal microbiome in Hanwoo. In a further study, it will be necessary to identify the genetic relationship of the entire microorganism between vagina and feces through the whole metagenome sequencing analysis and meta-transcriptome analysis to figure out their relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Choi
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Jihye Cha
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Minji Song
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - JuHwan Son
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Mi-Rim Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Yeong-jo Lim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Tae-Hun Kim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Kyung-Tai Lee
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Woncheoul Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365,
Korea,Corresponding Author: Woncheoul Park, Tel: +82-63-238-7317, E-mail:
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Fabozzi G, Rebuzzini P, Cimadomo D, Allori M, Franzago M, Stuppia L, Garagna S, Ubaldi FM, Zuccotti M, Rienzi L. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals, Gut Microbiota, and Human (In)Fertility-It Is Time to Consider the Triad. Cells 2022; 11:3335. [PMID: 36359730 PMCID: PMC9654651 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) is a complex and dynamic population of microorganisms living in the human gastrointestinal tract that play an important role in human health and diseases. Recent evidence suggests a strong direct or indirect correlation between GM and both male and female fertility: on the one hand, GM is involved in the regulation of sex hormone levels and in the preservation of the blood-testis barrier integrity; on the other hand, a dysbiotic GM is linked to the onset of pro-inflammatory conditions such as endometriosis or PCOS, which are often associated with infertility. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is one of the main causes of GM dysbiosis, with important consequences to the host health and potential transgenerational effects. This perspective article aims to show that the negative effects of EDCs on reproduction are in part due to a dysbiotic GM. We will highlight (i) the link between GM and male and female fertility; (ii) the mechanisms of interaction between EDCs and GM; and (iii) the importance of the maternal-fetal GM axis for offspring growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Fabozzi
- B-Woman, Via dei Monti Parioli 6, 00197 Rome, Italy
- Clinica Valle Giulia, GeneraLife IVF, Via De Notaris 2B, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Rebuzzini
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Danilo Cimadomo
- Clinica Valle Giulia, GeneraLife IVF, Via De Notaris 2B, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marica Franzago
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Garagna
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Zuccotti
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Rienzi
- Clinica Valle Giulia, GeneraLife IVF, Via De Notaris 2B, 00197 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Via Sant’Andrea 34, 61029 Urbino, Italy
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Ciszewski WM, Sobierajska K, Stasiak A, Wagner W. Lactate drives cellular DNA repair capacity: Role of lactate and related short-chain fatty acids in cervical cancer chemoresistance and viral infection. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1012254. [PMID: 36340042 PMCID: PMC9627168 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1012254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The characteristic feature of a cancer microenvironment is the presence of a highly elevated concentration of L-lactate in the tumor niche. The lactate-rich environment is also maintained by commensal mucosal microbiota, which has immense potential for affecting cancer cells through its receptoric and epigenetic modes of action. Some of these lactate activities might be associated with the failure of anticancer therapy as a consequence of the drug resistance acquired by cancer cells. Upregulation of cellular DNA repair capacity and enhanced drug efflux are the most important cellular mechanisms that account for ineffective radiotherapy and drug-based therapies. Here, we present the recent scientific knowledge on the role of the HCA1 receptor for lactate and lactate intrinsic activity as an HDAC inhibitor in the development of an anticancer therapy-resistant tumor phenotype, with special focus on cervical cancer cells. In addition, a recent study highlighted the viable role of interactions between mammalian cells and microorganisms in the female reproductive tract and demonstrated an interesting mechanism regulating the efficacy of retroviral transduction through lactate-driven modulation of DNA-PKcs cellular localization. To date, very few studies have focused on the mechanisms of lactate-driven enhancement of DNA repair and upregulation of particular multidrug-resistance proteins in cancer cells with respect to their intracellular regulatory mechanisms triggered by lactate. This review presents the main achievements in the field of lactate impact on cell biology that may promote undesirable alterations in cancer physiology and mitigate retroviral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Stasiak
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Waldemar Wagner
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
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Chadchan SB, Singh V, Kommagani R. Female reproductive dysfunctions and the gut microbiota. J Mol Endocrinol 2022; 69:R81-R94. [PMID: 35900833 PMCID: PMC10031513 DOI: 10.1530/jme-21-0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is considered an endocrine organ that can influence distant organs and associated biological pathways. Recent advances suggest that gut microbial homeostasis is essential for reproductive health and that perturbations in the gut microbiota can lead to reproductive pathologies. This review provides an updated overview of the relationship between the gut microbiome and female reproductive diseases. Specifically, we highlight the most recent findings on the gut microbiome in gynecological pathologies including polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, and endometrial cancer. Most studies revealed associations between altered gut microbial compositions and these reproductive diseases, though few have suggested cause-effect relationships. Future studies should focus on determining the molecular mechanisms underlying associations between gut microbiota and reproductive diseases. Understanding this bidirectional relationship could lead to the development of novel and effective strategies to prevent, diagnose, and treat female reproductive organ-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangappa B. Chadchan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Vertika Singh
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Impacts of Menstruation, Community Type, and an Oral Yeast Probiotic on the Vaginal Microbiome. mSphere 2022; 7:e0023922. [DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00239-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
How to define and promote a healthy state of the vaginal microbiome is not well understood. Knowledge of which underlying factors shape the microbial community composition of the vagina and how to modulate them will contribute to vaginal disease prevention and improve fertility.
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50
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Carrillo-Salinas FJ, Parthasarathy S, Moreno de Lara L, Borchers A, Ochsenbauer C, Panda A, Rodriguez-Garcia M. Short-Chain Fatty Acids Impair Neutrophil Antiviral Function in an Age-Dependent Manner. Cells 2022; 11:2515. [PMID: 36010593 PMCID: PMC9406757 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Half of the people living with HIV are women. Younger women remain disproportionally affected in endemic areas, but infection rates in older women are rising worldwide. The vaginal microbiome influences genital inflammation and HIV infection risk. Multiple factors, including age, induce vaginal microbial alterations, characterized by high microbial diversity that generate high concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), known to modulate neutrophil function. However, how SCFAs may modulate innate anti-HIV protection by neutrophils is unknown. To investigate SCFA-mediated alterations of neutrophil function, blood neutrophils from younger and older women were treated with SCFAs (acetate, butyrate and propionate) at concentrations within the range reported during bacterial vaginosis, and phenotype, migration and anti-HIV responses were evaluated. SCFA induced phenotypical changes preferentially in neutrophils from older women. Butyrate decreased CD66b and increased CD16 and CD62L expression, indicating low activation and prolonged survival, while propionate increased CD54 and CXCR4 expression, indicating a mature aged phenotype. Furthermore, acetate and butyrate significantly inhibited neutrophil migration in vitro and specifically reduced α-defensin release in older women, molecules with anti-HIV activity. Following HIV stimulation, SCFA treatment delayed NET release and dampened chemokine secretion compared to untreated neutrophils in younger and older women. Our results demonstrate that SCFAs can impair neutrophil-mediated anti-HIV responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siddharth Parthasarathy
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Immunology Program, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Laura Moreno de Lara
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Immunology Unit, Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Anna Borchers
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Christina Ochsenbauer
- Department of Medicine, Hem/Onc & CFAR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Alexander Panda
- Tufts Medical Center/Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (PCCM), Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Marta Rodriguez-Garcia
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Immunology Program, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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