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Abu Aziz N, Christianus A, Wan Solahudin WMS, Ismail IS, Low CF. Comparative proteome analysis revealed potential biomarkers and the underlying immune mechanisms in Vibrio-resistant hybrid grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2024; 47:e13940. [PMID: 38523352 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus is the causative agent of vibriosis, a common bacterial infection in grouper aquaculture that is associated with the development of haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic ulcerations on the fish. In the present study, comparative proteome analysis was performed on serum samples from Vibrio-resistant and Vibrio-susceptible grouper. Samples were analysed using high-throughput LC-MS/MS and identified 2770 unique peptides that corresponded to 344 proteins. Subsequent analysis identified 21 proteins that were significantly up-regulated in the resistant group compared to the control and the susceptible groups. Those proteins are associated with immunostimulatory effects, signalling and binding cascade, metabolism, and maintaining tissue integrity and physiological condition. Besides, potential protein biomarkers related to the immune system were identified, which could be associated with the disease-resistant phenotype. These data provide insights into the underlying immune mechanism of hybrid groupers upon Vibrio sp. infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhikmah Abu Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Annie Christianus
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Intan Safinar Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chen-Fei Low
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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2
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Haslund-Gourley BS, Woloszczuk K, Hou J, Connors J, Cusimano G, Bell M, Taramangalam B, Fourati S, Mege N, Bernui M, Altman MC, Krammer F, van Bakel H, Maecker HT, Rouphael N, Diray-Arce J, Wigdahl B, Kutzler MA, Cairns CB, Haddad EK, Comunale MA. IgM N-glycosylation correlates with COVID-19 severity and rate of complement deposition. Nat Commun 2024; 15:404. [PMID: 38195739 PMCID: PMC10776791 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The glycosylation of IgG plays a critical role during human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, activating immune cells and inducing cytokine production. However, the role of IgM N-glycosylation has not been studied during human acute viral infection. The analysis of IgM N-glycosylation from healthy controls and hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients reveals increased high-mannose and sialylation that correlates with COVID-19 severity. These trends are confirmed within SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin N-glycan profiles. Moreover, the degree of total IgM mannosylation and sialylation correlate significantly with markers of disease severity. We link the changes of IgM N-glycosylation with the expression of Golgi glycosyltransferases. Lastly, we observe antigen-specific IgM antibody-dependent complement deposition is elevated in severe COVID-19 patients and modulated by exoglycosidase digestion. Taken together, this work links the IgM N-glycosylation with COVID-19 severity and highlights the need to understand IgM glycosylation and downstream immune function during human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyra Woloszczuk
- Drexel University/Tower Health Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jintong Hou
- Drexel University/Tower Health Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Gina Cusimano
- Drexel University/Tower Health Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mathew Bell
- Drexel University/Tower Health Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Nathan Mege
- Drexel University/Tower Health Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mariana Bernui
- Drexel University/Tower Health Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harm van Bakel
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Joann Diray-Arce
- Clinical & Data Coordinating Center (CDCC); Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Wigdahl
- Drexel University/Tower Health Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Elias K Haddad
- Drexel University/Tower Health Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Ling B, Ko JH, Stordy B, Zhang Y, Didden TF, Malounda D, Swift MB, Chan WCW, Shapiro MG. Gas Vesicle-Blood Interactions Enhance Ultrasound Imaging Contrast. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:10748-10757. [PMID: 37983479 PMCID: PMC10722532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Gas vesicles (GVs) are genetically encoded, air-filled protein nanostructures of broad interest for biomedical research and clinical applications, acting as imaging and therapeutic agents for ultrasound, magnetic resonance, and optical techniques. However, the biomedical applications of GVs as systemically injectable nanomaterials have been hindered by a lack of understanding of GVs' interactions with blood components, which can significantly impact in vivo behavior. Here, we investigate the dynamics of GVs in the bloodstream using a combination of ultrasound and optical imaging, surface functionalization, flow cytometry, and mass spectrometry. We find that erythrocytes and serum proteins bind to GVs and shape their acoustic response, circulation time, and immunogenicity. We show that by modifying the GV surface we can alter these interactions and thereby modify GVs' in vivo performance. These results provide critical insights for the development of GVs as agents for nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill Ling
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jeong Hoon Ko
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Benjamin Stordy
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Terrence
Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S
3E1, Canada
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Terrence
Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S
3E1, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Tighe F. Didden
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Dina Malounda
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Margaret B. Swift
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Warren C. W. Chan
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Terrence
Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S
3E1, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mikhail G. Shapiro
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Division
of Engineering and Applied Science, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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Genta S, Lajkosz K, Yee NR, Spiliopoulou P, Heirali A, Hansen AR, Siu LL, Saibil S, Stayner LA, Yanekina M, Sauder MB, Keshavarzi S, Salawu A, Vornicova O, Butler MO, Bedard PL, Razak ARA, Rottapel R, Chruscinski A, Coburn B, Spreafico A. Autoimmune PaneLs as PrEdictors of Toxicity in Patients TReated with Immune Checkpoint InhibiTors (ALERT). J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:276. [PMID: 37865776 PMCID: PMC10589949 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in a significant proportion of patients. The mechanisms underlying irAEs development are mostly unknown and might involve multiple immune effectors, such as T cells, B cells and autoantibodies (AutoAb). METHODS We used custom autoantigen (AutoAg) microarrays to profile AutoAb related to irAEs in patients receiving ICI. Plasma was collected before and after ICI from cancer patients participating in two clinical trials (NCT03686202, NCT02644369). A one-time collection was obtained from healthy controls for comparison. Custom arrays with 162 autoAg were used to detect IgG and IgM reactivities. Differences of median fluorescent intensity (MFI) were analyzed with Wilcoxon sign rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test. MFI 500 was used as threshold to define autoAb reactivity. RESULTS A total of 114 patients and 14 healthy controls were included in this study. irAEs of grade (G) ≥ 2 occurred in 37/114 patients (32%). We observed a greater number of IgG and IgM reactivities in pre-ICI collections from patients versus healthy controls (62 vs 32 p < 0.001). Patients experiencing irAEs G ≥ 2 demonstrated pre-ICI IgG reactivity to a greater number of AutoAg than patients who did not develop irAEs (39 vs 33 p = 0.040). We observed post-treatment increase of IgM reactivities in subjects experiencing irAEs G ≥ 2 (29 vs 35, p = 0.021) and a decrease of IgG levels after steroids (38 vs 28, p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results support the potential role of autoAb in irAEs etiology and evolution. A prospective study is ongoing to validate our findings (NCT04107311).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Genta
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katherine Lajkosz
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Noelle R Yee
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pavlina Spiliopoulou
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alya Heirali
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron R Hansen
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lillian L Siu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sam Saibil
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lee-Anne Stayner
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maryia Yanekina
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maxwell B Sauder
- Division of Dematology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sareh Keshavarzi
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abdulazeez Salawu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Olga Vornicova
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marcus O Butler
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philippe L Bedard
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Albiruni R Abdul Razak
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Rottapel
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Bryan Coburn
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Lingasamy P, Modhukur V, Mändar R, Salumets A. Exploring Immunome and Microbiome Interplay in Reproductive Health: Current Knowledge, Challenges, and Novel Diagnostic Tools. Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41:172-189. [PMID: 38262441 PMCID: PMC10846929 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The dynamic interplay between the immunome and microbiome in reproductive health is a complex and rapidly advancing research field, holding tremendously vast possibilities for the development of reproductive medicine. This immunome-microbiome relationship influences the innate and adaptive immune responses, thereby affecting the onset and progression of reproductive disorders. However, the mechanisms governing these interactions remain elusive and require innovative approaches to gather more understanding. This comprehensive review examines the current knowledge on reproductive microbiomes across various parts of female reproductive tract, with special consideration of bidirectional interactions between microbiomes and the immune system. Additionally, it explores innate and adaptive immunity, focusing on immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgM antibodies, their regulation, self-antigen tolerance mechanisms, and their roles in immune homeostasis. This review also highlights ongoing technological innovations in microbiota research, emphasizing the need for standardized detection and analysis methods. For instance, we evaluate the clinical utility of innovative technologies such as Phage ImmunoPrecipitation Sequencing (PhIP-Seq) and Microbial Flow Cytometry coupled to Next-Generation Sequencing (mFLOW-Seq). Despite ongoing advancements, we emphasize the need for further exploration in this field, as a deeper understanding of immunome-microbiome interactions holds promise for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for reproductive health, like infertility treatment and management of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijayachitra Modhukur
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reet Mändar
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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周 巧, 刘 健, 忻 凌, 方 妍, 齐 亚, 胡 月. [Identification of Characteristic lncRNA Molecular Markers in Osteoarthritis by Integrating GEO Database and Machine Learning Strategies and Experimental Validation]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2023; 54:899-907. [PMID: 37866944 PMCID: PMC10579086 DOI: 10.12182/20230960101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective To screen for long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) molecular markers characteristic of osteoarthritis (OA) by utilizing the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database combined with machine learning. Methods The samples of 185 OA patients and 76 healthy individuals as normal controls were included in the study. GEO datasets were screened for differentially expressed lncRNAs. Three algorithms, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), and random forest (RF), were used to screen for candidate lncRNA models and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate the models. We collected the peripheral blood samples of 30 clinical OA patients and 15 health controls and measured the immunoinflammatory indicators. RT-PCR was performed for quantitative analysis of the expression of lncRNA molecular markers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Pearson analysis was performed to examine the correlation between lncRNA and indicators for inflammation of the immune system. Results A total of 14 key markers were identified with LASSO, 6 genes were identified with SVM-RFE, and 24 genes were identified with RF. Venn diagram was used to screen for overlapping genes identified with the three algorithms, showing HOTAIR, H19, MIR155 HG, and NKILA to be the overlapping genes. The ROC curves showed that these four lncRNAs all had an area under the curve ( AUC) greater than 0.7. The RT-PCR findings revealed relatively elevated expression of HOTAIR, H19, and MIR155HG and decreased expression of NKILA in the PBMC of OA patients compared with those of the normal group ( P<0.01). The results were consistent with the bioinformatics predictions. Pearson analysis showed that the candidate lncRNAs were correlated with clinical indicators for inflammation. Conclusion HOTAIR, H19, MIR155 HG, and NKILA can be used as molecular markers for the clinical diagnosis of OA and are correlate with clinical indicators of inflammation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- 巧 周
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院 (合肥 230031)The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 (合肥 230061)The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
- 安徽省中医药科学院风湿病研究所 (合肥 230031)Institute of Rheumatism Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 健 刘
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院 (合肥 230031)The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 (合肥 230061)The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
| | - 凌 忻
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院 (合肥 230031)The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 (合肥 230061)The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
| | - 妍妍 方
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院 (合肥 230031)The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 (合肥 230061)The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
| | - 亚军 齐
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院 (合肥 230031)The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 (合肥 230061)The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
| | - 月迪 胡
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院 (合肥 230031)The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
- 安徽中医药大学第二附属医院 (合肥 230061)The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China
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Moreno-Sabater A, Sterlin D, Imamovic L, Bon F, Normand AC, Gonnin C, Gazzano M, Bensalah M, Dorgham K, Ben Salah E, Acherar A, Parizot C, Rigourd V, Begue H, Dalle F, Bachmeyer C, Hennequin C, Yssel H, Malphettes M, Fieschi C, Fadlallah J, Gorochov G. Intestinal Candida albicans overgrowth in IgA deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:748-759.e3. [PMID: 37169153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secretory IgA interacts with commensal bacteria, but its impact on human mycobiota ecology has not been widely explored. In particular, whether human IgA-deficiency is associated with gut fungal dysbiosis remains unknown. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to study the impact of IgA on gut mycobiota ecology. METHODS The Fungi-Flow method was used to characterize fecal, systemic, and maternal IgA, IgM, and IgG responses against 14 representative fungal strains (yeast/spores or hyphae forms) in healthy donors (HDs) (n = 34, 31, and 20, respectively) and to also compare gut mycobiota opsonization by secretory antibodies in HDs (n = 28) and patients with selective IgA deficiency (SIgAd) (n = 12). Stool mycobiota composition was determined by internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing in HDs (n = 23) and patients with SIgAd (n = 17). Circulating CD4+ T-cell cytokine secretion profiles were determined by intracellular staining. The impact of secretory IgA, purified from breast milk (n = 9), on Candidaalbicans growth and intestinal Caco-2 cell invasion was tested in vitro. RESULTS Homeostatic IgA binds commensal fungi with a body fluid-selective pattern of recognition. In patients with SIgAd, fungal gut ecology is preserved by compensatory IgM binding to commensal fungi. Gut Calbicans overgrowth nevertheless occurs in this condition but only in clinically symptomatic patients with decreased TH17/TH22 T-cell responses. Indeed, secretory IgA can reduce in vitro budding and invasion of intestinal cells by Calbicans and therefore exert control on this pathobiont. CONCLUSION IgA has a selective impact on Calbicans ecology to preserve fungal-host mutualism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Moreno-Sabater
- Sorbonne Université, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Sterlin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Lejla Imamovic
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Bon
- UMR PAM Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), AgroSup Dijon, Équipe Vin, Aliment, Microbiologie, Stress, Groupe Interactions Candida-muqueuses, Dijon, France
| | - Anne-Cecile Normand
- Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Cecile Gonnin
- Département d'Immunologie, AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marianne Gazzano
- Département d'Immunologie, AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Merieme Bensalah
- Département d'Immunologie, AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Karim Dorgham
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Elyes Ben Salah
- Département d'Immunologie, AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Aniss Acherar
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Parizot
- Département d'Immunologie, AP-HP, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Rigourd
- Lactarium régional d'Ile de France. AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Begue
- UMR PAM Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), AgroSup Dijon, Équipe Vin, Aliment, Microbiologie, Stress, Groupe Interactions Candida-muqueuses, Dijon, France
| | - Frederic Dalle
- UMR PAM Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), AgroSup Dijon, Équipe Vin, Aliment, Microbiologie, Stress, Groupe Interactions Candida-muqueuses, Dijon, France; Department of Parasitology/Mycology, Dijon Bourgogne University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Claude Bachmeyer
- Service de Médecine Interne, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Hennequin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Hans Yssel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Marion Malphettes
- Université Paris Cité, Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, AP-HP, France
| | - Claire Fieschi
- Université Paris Cité, Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, AP-HP, France
| | - Jehane Fadlallah
- Université Paris Cité, Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, AP-HP, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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Singh G, Abbad A, Tcheou J, Mendu DR, Firpo-Betancourt A, Gleason C, Srivastava K, Cordon-Cardo C, Simon V, Krammer F, Carreño JM. Binding and Avidity Signatures of Polyclonal Sera From Individuals With Different Exposure Histories to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection, Vaccination, and Omicron Breakthrough Infections. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:564-575. [PMID: 37104046 PMCID: PMC10469125 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of exposures to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to vaccine antigens affect the magnitude and avidity of the polyclonal response. METHODS We studied binding and avidity of different antibody isotypes to the spike, the receptor-binding domain (RBD), and the nucleoprotein (NP) of wild-type (WT) and BA.1 SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent, mRNA vaccinated and/or boosted, hybrid immune individuals and in individuals with breakthrough cases during the peak of the BA.1 wave. RESULTS We found an increase in spike-binding antibodies and antibody avidity with increasing number of exposures to infection and/or vaccination. NP antibodies were detectible in convalescent individuals and a proportion of breakthrough cases, but they displayed low avidity. Omicron breakthrough infections elicited high levels of cross-reactive antibodies between WT and BA.1 antigens in vaccinated individuals without prior infection directed against the spike and RBD. The magnitude of the antibody response and avidity correlated with neutralizing activity against WT virus. CONCLUSIONS The magnitude and quality of the antibody response increased with the number of antigenic exposures, including breakthrough infections. However, cross-reactivity of the antibody response after BA.1 breakthroughs, was affected by the number of prior exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anass Abbad
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Johnstone Tcheou
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Demodara Rao Mendu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adolfo Firpo-Betancourt
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Charles Gleason
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Komal Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Viviana Simon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- The Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Juan Manuel Carreño
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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9
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Ling B, Ko JH, Stordy B, Zhang Y, Didden TF, Malounda D, Swift MB, Chan WC, Shapiro MG. Gas vesicle-blood interactions enhance ultrasound imaging contrast. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.24.550434. [PMID: 37546852 PMCID: PMC10402017 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.24.550434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Gas vesicles (GVs) are genetically encoded, air-filled protein nanostructures of broad interest for biomedical research and clinical applications, acting as imaging and therapeutic agents for ultrasound, magnetic resonance, and optical techniques. However, the biomedical applications of GVs as a systemically injectable nanomaterial have been hindered by a lack of understanding of GVs' interactions with blood components, which can significantly impact in vivo performance. Here, we investigate the dynamics of GVs in the bloodstream using a combination of ultrasound and optical imaging, surface functionalization, flow cytometry, and mass spectrometry. We find that erythrocytes and serum proteins bind to GVs and shape their acoustic response, circulation time, and immunogenicity. We show that by modifying the GV surface, we can alter these interactions and thereby modify GVs' in vivo performance. These results provide critical insights for the development of GVs as agents for nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill Ling
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jeong Hoon Ko
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Benjamin Stordy
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto; Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Terence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto; Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto; Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Terence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto; Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto; Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Tighe F. Didden
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Dina Malounda
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Margaret B. Swift
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Warren C.W. Chan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto; Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Terence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto; Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto; Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mikhail G. Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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10
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Haslund-Gourley B, Woloszcuk K, Hou J, Connors J, Cusimano G, Bell M, Taramangalam B, Fourati S, Mege N, Bernui M, Altman M, Krammer F, van Bakel H, Maecker H, Wigdahl B, Cairns C, Haddad E, Comunale M. IgM N-glycosylation correlates with COVID-19 severity and rate of complement deposition. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2939468. [PMID: 37398192 PMCID: PMC10312960 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2939468/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The glycosylation of IgG plays a critical role during human SARS-CoV-2, activating immune cells and inducing cytokine production. However, the role of IgM N-glycosylation has not been studied during acute viral infection in humans. In vitro evidence suggests that the glycosylation of IgM inhibits T cell proliferation and alters complement activation rates. The analysis of IgM N-glycosylation from healthy controls and hospitalized COVID-19 patients reveals that mannosylation and sialyation levels associate with COVID-19 severity. Specifically, we find increased di- and tri-sialylated glycans and altered mannose glycans in total serum IgM in severe COVID-19 patients when compared to moderate COVID-19 patients. This is in direct contrast with the decrease of sialic acid found on the serum IgG from the same cohorts. Moreover, the degree of mannosylation and sialylation correlated significantly with markers of disease severity: D-dimer, BUN, creatinine, potassium, and early anti-COVID-19 amounts of IgG, IgA, and IgM. Further, IL-16 and IL-18 cytokines showed similar trends with the amount of mannose and sialic acid present on IgM, implicating these cytokines' potential to impact glycosyltransferase expression during IgM production. When examining PBMC mRNA transcripts, we observe a decrease in the expression of Golgi mannosidases that correlates with the overall reduction in mannose processing we detect in the IgM N-glycosylation profile. Importantly, we found that IgM contains alpha-2,3 linked sialic acids in addition to the previously reported alpha-2,6 linkage. We also report that antigen-specific IgM antibody-dependent complement deposition is elevated in severe COVID-19 patients. Taken together, this work links the immunoglobulin M N-glycosylation with COVID-19 severity and highlights the need to understand the connection between IgM glycosylation and downstream immune function during human disease.
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11
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Lenhart-Pendergrass PM, Malcolm KC, Wheeler E, Rysavy NM, Poch K, Caceres S, Calhoun KM, Martiniano SL, Nick JA. Deficient Complement Opsonization Impairs Mycobacterium avium Killing by Neutrophils in Cystic Fibrosis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0327922. [PMID: 36651756 PMCID: PMC9927418 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03279-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including Mycobacterium avium, are clinically important pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF). The innate immune response to M. avium remains incompletely understood. We evaluated the role of complement opsonization in neutrophil-mediated killing of M. avium. Killing assays were performed using neutrophils from healthy donors (HDs) and persons with CF (pwCF). Clinical isolates of M. avium were opsonized with plasma from HDs or pwCF, which was intact or heat-treated to inactivate complement. HD neutrophils had killing activity against M. avium opsonized with intact HD plasma and killing was significantly reduced when M. avium was opsonized with heat-inactivated HD plasma. When opsonized with HD plasma, CF neutrophils had killing activity against M. avium that was not different than HD neutrophils. When opsonized with intact plasma from pwCF, HD neutrophil killing of M. avium was significantly reduced. Opsonization of M. avium with C3-depleted serum or IgM-depleted plasma resulted in significantly reduced killing. Plasma C3 levels were elevated in pwCF with NTM infection compared to pwCF without NTM infection. These studies demonstrate that human neutrophils efficiently kill M. avium when opsonized in the presence of plasma factors from HD that include C3 and IgM. Killing efficiency is significantly lower when the bacteria are opsonized with plasma from pwCF. This indicates a novel role for opsonization in neutrophil killing of M. avium and a deficiency in complement opsonization as a mechanism of impaired M. avium killing in CF. IMPORTANCE Mycobacterium avium is a member of a group of bacterial species termed nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that cause lung disease in certain populations, including persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). NTM infections are challenging to diagnose and can be even more difficult to treat. This study investigated how the immune system responds to M. avium infection in CF. We found that neutrophils, the most abundant immune cell in the lungs in CF, can effectively kill M. avium in individuals both with and without CF. Another component of the immune response called the complement system is also required for this process. Levels of complement proteins are altered in persons with CF who have a history of NTM compared to those without a history of NTM infection. These results add to our understanding of how the immune system responds to M. avium, which can help pave the way toward better diagnostic and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenneth C. Malcolm
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily Wheeler
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Noel M. Rysavy
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Katie Poch
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Silvia Caceres
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Kara M. Calhoun
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stacey L. Martiniano
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jerry A. Nick
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
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12
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Systematic Evaluation of Antigenic Stimulation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Humoral Immunity as Biomarkers for Disease Evolution. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030891. [PMID: 36765855 PMCID: PMC9913429 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in the Western world. Studies of CLL antibody reactivity have shown differential targets to autoantigens and antimicrobial molecular motifs that support the current hypothesis of CLL pathogenesis. METHODS In this study, we conducted a quantitative serum analysis of 7 immunoglobulins in CLL and monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) patients (bead-suspension protein arrays) and a serological profile (IgG and IgM) study of autoantibodies and antimicrobial antigens (protein microarrays). RESULTS Significant differences in the IgA levels were observed according to disease progression and evolution as well as significant alterations in IgG1 according to IGHV mutational status. More representative IgG autoantibodies in the cohort were against nonmutagenic proteins and IgM autoantibodies were against vesicle proteins. Antimicrobial IgG and IgM were detected against microbes associated with respiratory tract infections. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative differences in immunoglobulin serum levels could be potential biomarkers for disease progression. In the top 5 tumoral antigens, we detected autoantibodies (IgM and IgG) against proteins related to cell homeostasis and metabolism in the studied cohort. The top 5 microbial antigens were associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal infections; moreover, the subsets with better prognostics were characterized by a reactivation of Cytomegalovirus. The viral humoral response could be a potential prognosis biomarker for disease progression.
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13
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Pocevičiūtė D, Nuñez-Diaz C, Roth B, Janelidze S, Giannisis A, Hansson O, Wennström M. Increased plasma and brain immunoglobulin A in Alzheimer’s disease is lost in apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:117. [PMID: 36008818 PMCID: PMC9414424 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01062-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is foremost characterized by β-amyloid (Aβ)-extracellular plaques, tau-intraneuronal fibrillary tangles (NFT), and neuroinflammation, but over the last years it has become evident that peripheral inflammation might also contribute to the disease. AD patients often demonstrate increased levels of circulating proinflammatory mediators and altered antibody levels in the blood. In our study, we investigated the plasma Immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels in association with apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status and Aβ pathology. Methods IgA levels in antemortem-collected (cohort I) and postmortem-collected (cohort II) plasma samples from AD patients (n = 30 in cohort I and n = 16 in cohort II) and non-demented age-matched controls (NC) (n = 42 in cohort I and n = 7 in cohort II) were measured using ELISA. Hippocampal sections from cohort II were immunostained against IgA, and the IgA area fraction as well as the number of IgA positive (IgA+) cells in the cornu ammonis region were analysed using ImageJ. The relationship between plasma IgA levels and cognition, C-reactive protein (CRP), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers in cohort I as well as neuropathology, IgA+ cell number, and IgA area fraction in cohort II was analysed before and after grouping the cohorts into APOEε4 carriers and APOEε4 non-carriers. Results Plasma IgA levels were higher in AD patients compared to NC in both cohorts. Also, AD patients demonstrated higher IgA area fraction and IgA+ cell number compared to NC. When APOEε4 status was considered, higher plasma IgA levels in AD patients were only seen in APOEε4 non-carriers. Finally, plasma IgA levels, exclusively in APOEε4 non-carriers, were associated with cognition, CRP, and CSF Aβ levels in cohort I as well as with IgA area fraction, IgA+ cell number, and Aβ, Lewy body, and NFT neuropathology in cohort II. Conclusions Our study suggests that AD pathology and cognitive decline are associated with increased plasma IgA levels in an APOE allele-dependent manner, where the associations are lost in APOEε4 carriers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-022-01062-z.
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14
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Dias MHF, Guimarães LFF, Barcelos MG, Moreira EUM, do Nascimento MFA, de Souza TN, Pires CV, Monteiro TAF, Middeldorp JM, Soares IS, Fontes CJF, Ntumngia FB, Adams JH, Kano FS, Carvalho LH. Impact of Epstein-Barr virus co-infection on natural acquired Plasmodium vivax antibody response. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010305. [PMID: 35921373 PMCID: PMC9377613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The simultaneous infection of Plasmodium falciparum and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) could promote the development of the aggressive endemic Burkitt’s Lymphoma (eBL) in children living in P. falciparum holoendemic areas. While it is well-established that eBL is not related to other human malaria parasites, the impact of EBV infection on the generation of human malaria immunity remains largely unexplored. Considering that this highly prevalent herpesvirus establishes a lifelong persistent infection on B-cells with possible influence on malaria immunity, we hypothesized that EBV co-infection could have impact on the naturally acquired antibody responses to P. vivax, the most widespread human malaria parasite.
Methodology/Principal findings
The study design involved three cross-sectional surveys at six-month intervals (baseline, 6 and 12 months) among long-term P. vivax exposed individuals living in the Amazon rainforest. The approach focused on a group of malaria-exposed individuals whose EBV-DNA (amplification of balf-5 gene) was persistently detected in the peripheral blood (PersVDNA, n = 27), and an age-matched malaria-exposed group whose EBV-DNA could never be detected during the follow-up (NegVDNA, n = 29). During the follow-up period, the serological detection of EBV antibodies to lytic/ latent viral antigens showed that IgG antibodies to viral capsid antigen (VCA-p18) were significantly different between groups (PersVDNA > NegVDNA). A panel of blood-stage P. vivax antigens covering a wide range of immunogenicity confirmed that in general PersVDNA group showed low levels of antibodies as compared with NegVDNA. Interestingly, more significant differences were observed to a novel DBPII immunogen, named DEKnull-2, which has been associated with long-term neutralizing antibody response. Differences between groups were less pronounced with blood-stage antigens (such as MSP1-19) whose levels can fluctuate according to malaria transmission.
Conclusions/Significance
In a proof-of-concept study we provide evidence that a persistent detection of EBV-DNA in peripheral blood of adults in a P. vivax semi-immune population may impact the long-term immune response to major malaria vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Taís N. de Souza
- Instituto René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camilla V. Pires
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Global Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Talita A. F. Monteiro
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde (IEC/SVS/MS), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jaap M. Middeldorp
- Department of Pathology, Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene S. Soares
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cor J. F. Fontes
- Julio Müller School Hospital, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Francis B. Ntumngia
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Global Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - John H. Adams
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Global Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Flora S. Kano
- Instituto René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luzia H. Carvalho
- Instituto René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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15
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Desquesnes M, Sazmand A, Gonzatti M, Boulangé A, Bossard G, Thévenon S, Gimonneau G, Truc P, Herder S, Ravel S, Sereno D, Waleckx E, Jamonneau V, Jacquiet P, Jittapalapong S, Berthier D, Solano P, Hébert L. Diagnosis of animal trypanosomoses: proper use of current tools and future prospects. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:235. [PMID: 35761373 PMCID: PMC9238167 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliable diagnostic tools are needed to choose the appropriate treatment and proper control measures for animal trypanosomoses, some of which are pathogenic. Trypanosoma cruzi, for example, is responsible for Chagas disease in Latin America. Similarly, pathogenic animal trypanosomoses of African origin (ATAO), including a variety of Trypanosoma species and subspecies, are currently found in Africa, Latin America and Asia. ATAO limit global livestock productivity and impact food security and the welfare of domestic animals. This review focusses on implementing previously reviewed diagnostic methods, in a complex epizootiological scenario, by critically assessing diagnostic results at the individual or herd level. In most cases, a single diagnostic method applied at a given time does not unequivocally identify the various parasitological and disease statuses of a host. These include “non-infected”, “asymptomatic carrier”, “sick infected”, “cured/not cured” and/or “multi-infected”. The diversity of hosts affected by these animal trypanosomoses and their vectors (or other routes of transmission) is such that integrative, diachronic approaches are needed that combine: (i) parasite detection, (ii) DNA, RNA or antigen detection and (iii) antibody detection, along with epizootiological information. The specificity of antibody detection tests is restricted to the genus or subgenus due to cross-reactivity with other Trypanosoma spp. and Trypanosomatidae, but sensitivity is high. The DNA-based methods implemented over the last three decades have yielded higher specificity and sensitivity for active infection detection in hosts and vectors. However, no single diagnostic method can detect all active infections and/or trypanosome species or subspecies. The proposed integrative approach will improve the prevention, surveillance and monitoring of animal trypanosomoses with the available diagnostic tools. However, further developments are required to address specific gaps in diagnostic methods and the sustainable control or elimination of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Desquesnes
- UMR INTERTRYP, French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD), 31076, Toulouse, France.,INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,National Veterinary School of Toulouse (ENVT), 23 chemin des Capelles, 31000, Toulouse, France
| | - Alireza Sazmand
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517658978, Iran.
| | - Marisa Gonzatti
- Department of Cell Biology, Simón Bolívar University, Caracas, 1080, Venezuela
| | - Alain Boulangé
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire.,Pierre Richet Institute, National Public Health Institute, BP 1500, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Géraldine Bossard
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD, 34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Thévenon
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD, 34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Geoffrey Gimonneau
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD , Dakar, Senegal.,National Laboratory for Livestock and Veterinary Research, Senegalese Institute on Agricultural Research (ISRA), BP 2057, Dakar, Hann, Senegal
| | - Philippe Truc
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Herder
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Ravel
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Denis Sereno
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Etienne Waleckx
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Regional Research Centre Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Autonomous University of Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | | | - Philippe Jacquiet
- National Veterinary School of Toulouse (ENVT), 23 chemin des Capelles, 31000, Toulouse, France
| | | | - David Berthier
- INTERTRYP, IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,UMR INTERTRYP, CIRAD, 34398, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Solano
- IRD, UMR INTERTRYP, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Hébert
- Physiopathology & Epidemiology of Equine Diseases Unit (PhEED), Laboratory of Animal Health, Normandy Site, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Rd 675 Les Places, 14430, Goustranville, France
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16
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Chouquet A, Pinto AJ, Hennicke J, Ling WL, Bally I, Schwaigerlehner L, Thielens NM, Kunert R, Reiser JB. Biophysical Characterization of the Oligomeric States of Recombinant Immunoglobulins Type-M and Their C1q-Binding Kinetics by Biolayer Interferometry. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:816275. [PMID: 35685087 PMCID: PMC9173649 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.816275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulins type-M (IgMs) are one of the first antibody classes mobilized during immune responses against pathogens and tumor cells. Binding to specific target antigens enables the interaction with the C1 complex which strongly activates the classical complement pathway. This biological function is the basis for the huge therapeutic potential of IgMs. But, due to their high oligomeric complexity, in vitro production, biochemical characterization, and biophysical characterization are challenging. In this study, we present recombinant production of two IgM models (IgM617 and IgM012) in pentameric and hexameric states and the evaluation of their polymer distribution using different biophysical methods (analytical ultracentrifugation, size exclusion chromatography coupled to multi-angle laser light scattering, mass photometry, and transmission electron microscopy). Each IgM construct is defined by a specific expression and purification pattern with different sample quality. Nevertheless, both purified IgMs were able to activate complement in a C1q-dependent manner. More importantly, BioLayer Interferometry (BLI) was used for characterizing the kinetics of C1q binding to recombinant IgMs. We show that recombinant IgMs possess similar C1q-binding properties as IgMs purified from human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Chouquet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Andrea J Pinto
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Julia Hennicke
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wai Li Ling
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Bally
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Linda Schwaigerlehner
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole M Thielens
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Renate Kunert
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jean-Baptiste Reiser
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
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17
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Tiu CK, Zhu F, Wang LF, de Alwis R. Phage ImmunoPrecipitation Sequencing (PhIP-Seq): The Promise of High Throughput Serology. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050568. [PMID: 35631089 PMCID: PMC9143919 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Determining the exposure or infection history of a person to a multitude of viruses is not an easy task. Typically, antibody tests detect antibodies against proteins (antigens) to only one or a few viruses. Here, we review an emerging technology called Phage ImmunoPrecipitation Sequencing (PhIP-Seq), that allows us to study the infection history of individuals to large numbers of viruses simultaneously. This technology uses bacteriophages to express and display viral antigens of choice, which are then bound by antigen-specific antibodies in patient samples. Antibody-bound bacteriophages are pulled down and identified through molecular techniques. This technology has been used in various infectious disease scenarios, including assessing exposure to different viruses, studying vaccine responses, and identifying viral cause of diseases. Despite inherent limitations in presenting only peptides, this technology holds great promise for future application in identifying novel pathogens, one health and pandemic preparedness. Abstract Phage ImmunoPrecipitation Sequencing (PhIP-Seq) is a high throughput serological technology that is revolutionizing the manner in which we track antibody profiles. In this review, we mainly focus on its application to viral infectious diseases. Through the pull-down of patient antibodies using peptide-tile-expressing T7 bacteriophages and detection using next-generation sequencing (NGS), PhIP-Seq allows the determination of antibody repertoires against peptide targets from hundreds of proteins and pathogens. It differs from conventional serological techniques in that PhIP-Seq does not require protein expression and purification. It also allows for the testing of many samples against the whole virome. PhIP-Seq has been successfully applied in many infectious disease investigations concerning seroprevalence, risk factors, time trends, etiology of disease, vaccinology, and emerging pathogens. Despite the inherent limitations of this technology, we foresee the future expansion of PhIP-Seq in both investigative studies and tracking of current, emerging, and novel viruses. Following the review of PhIP-Seq technology, its limitations, and applications, we recommend that PhIP-Seq be integrated into national surveillance programs and be used in conjunction with molecular techniques to support both One Health and pandemic preparedness efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Kevin Tiu
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (C.K.T.); (F.Z.); (L.-F.W.)
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Feng Zhu
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (C.K.T.); (F.Z.); (L.-F.W.)
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (C.K.T.); (F.Z.); (L.-F.W.)
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Ruklanthi de Alwis
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (C.K.T.); (F.Z.); (L.-F.W.)
- Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre (ViREMiCS), SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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18
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Kumar P, Lim A, Poh SL, Hazirah SN, Chua CJH, Sutamam NB, Arkachaisri T, Yeo JG, Kofidis T, Sorokin V, Lam CSP, Richards AM, Albani S. Pro-Inflammatory Derangement of the Immuno-Interactome in Heart Failure. Front Immunol 2022; 13:817514. [PMID: 35371099 PMCID: PMC8964981 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.817514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic heart failure (HF) is a syndrome of heterogeneous etiology associated with multiple co-morbidities. Inflammation is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to the pathophysiology of HF. Heterogeneity and lack of data on the immune mechanism(s) contributing to HF may partially underlie the failure of clinical trials targeting inflammatory mediators. We studied the Immunome in HF cohort using mass cytometry and used data-driven systems immunology approach to discover and characterize modulated immune cell subsets from peripheral blood. We showed cytotoxic and inflammatory innate lymphoid and myeloid cells were expanded in HF patients compared to healthy controls. Network analysis showed highly modular and centralized immune cell architecture in healthy control immune cell network. In contrast, the HF immune cell network showed greater inter-cellular communication and less modular structure. Furthermore, we found, as an immune mechanism specific to HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), an increase in inflammatory MAIT and CD4 T cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavanish Kumar
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amanda Lim
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Li Poh
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sharifah Nur Hazirah
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Camillus Jian Hui Chua
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nursyuhadah Binte Sutamam
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thaschawee Arkachaisri
- Paediatrics Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Rheumatology and Immunology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joo Guan Yeo
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Paediatrics Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Rheumatology and Immunology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Theo Kofidis
- National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,The National University Health System (NUHS) Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Carolyn S P Lam
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular Academic Clinical Program, Singapore, Singapore.,National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arthur Mark Richards
- The National University Health System (NUHS) Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Salvatore Albani
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Paediatrics Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Rheumatology and Immunology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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19
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Ito M, Oji Y, Adachi M, Imanishi R, Alzaaqi S, Hiwasa T, Oshima Y, Yajima S, Suzuki T, Nanami T, Sumazaki M, Shiratori F, Funahashi K, Sugiayama H, Shimada H. Serum WT1‑271 IgM antibody as a novel diagnostic marker for Gastric Cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:74. [PMID: 35251625 PMCID: PMC8848733 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wilms tumor 1 gene, WT1, is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including gastric cancer. The product of WT1 is highly immunogenic and is a promising target molecule for cancer immunotherapy. The current study aimed to examine the production of WT1-specific IgG and IgM autoantibodies to identify biomarkers of diagnostic value in patients with gastric cancer. IgG antibodies that bind to WT1-derived peptides were obtained, the serum levels of which correlate with those of IgG antibodies against the WT1 protein in patients with intestinal malignancies. The serum levels of IgG and IgM antibodies against the WT1-271 peptide (271-288 amino acids) were examined in 39 healthy individuals and 97 patients with gastric cancer. The positivity cutoff value was determined according to the receiver operating characteristic curve. The association between WT1-271 IgM and the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of patients was additionally analyzed. The results revealed that serum WT1-271 IgM antibody levels in patients with gastric cancer were significantly higher than those in healthy individuals. The sensitivity and specificity of this antibody for gastric cancer were 67.0 and 71.8%, respectively; this sensitivity was improved when compared with conventional tumor markers (P<0.001). There was no statistical difference in WT1-271 IgG antibody levels between patients with gastric cancer and healthy individuals. Serum WT1-271 IgM antibody levels were not significantly associated with clinicopathological factors but were associated with unfavorable prognosis. Serum WT1-271 IgM antibody levels could serve as a diagnostic biomarker in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Ito
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Yusuke Oji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Mayuko Adachi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Rin Imanishi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Shouq Alzaaqi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Yoko Oshima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Nanami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Makoto Sumazaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Shiratori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Funahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Haruo Sugiayama
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
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20
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Wei H, Wang JY. Role of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in IgA and IgM Transcytosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052284. [PMID: 33668983 PMCID: PMC7956327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcytosis of polymeric IgA and IgM from the basolateral surface to the apical side of the epithelium and subsequent secretion into mucosal fluids are mediated by the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR). Secreted IgA and IgM have vital roles in mucosal immunity in response to pathogenic infections. Binding and recognition of polymeric IgA and IgM by pIgR require the joining chain (J chain), a small protein essential in the formation and stabilization of polymeric Ig structures. Recent studies have identified marginal zone B and B1 cell-specific protein (MZB1) as a novel regulator of polymeric IgA and IgM formation. MZB1 might facilitate IgA and IgM transcytosis by promoting the binding of J chain to Ig. In this review, we discuss the roles of pIgR in transcytosis of IgA and IgM, the roles of J chain in the formation of polymeric IgA and IgM and recognition by pIgR, and focus particularly on recent progress in understanding the roles of MZB1, a molecular chaperone protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
| | - Ji-Yang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-(21)-54237957
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21
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Functional Role of B Cells in Atherosclerosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020270. [PMID: 33572939 PMCID: PMC7911276 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven inflammatory disease of blood vessels, and both innate and adaptive immune responses are involved in its development. The impact of B cells on atherosclerosis has been demonstrated in numerous studies and B cells have been found in close proximity to atherosclerotic plaques in humans and mice. B cells exert both atheroprotective and pro-atherogenic functions, which have been associated with their B cell subset attribution. While B1 cells and marginal zone B cells are considered to protect against atherosclerosis, follicular B cells and innate response activator B cells have been shown to promote atherosclerosis. In this review, we shed light on the role of B cells from a different, functional perspective and focus on the three major B cell functions: antibody production, antigen presentation/T cell interaction, and the release of cytokines. All of these functions have the potential to affect atherosclerosis by multiple ways and are dependent on the cellular milieu and the activation status of the B cell. Moreover, we discuss B cell receptor signaling and the mechanism of B cell activation under atherosclerosis-prone conditions. By summarizing current knowledge of B cells in and beyond atherosclerosis, we are pointing out open questions and enabling new perspectives.
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