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Destoumieux-Garzón D, Montagnani C, Dantan L, Nicolas NDS, Travers MA, Duperret L, Charrière GM, Toulza E, Mitta G, Cosseau C, Escoubas JM. Cross-talk and mutual shaping between the immune system and the microbiota during an oyster's life. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230065. [PMID: 38497271 PMCID: PMC10945412 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas lives in microbe-rich marine coastal systems subjected to rapid environmental changes. It harbours a diversified and fluctuating microbiota that cohabits with immune cells expressing a diversified immune gene repertoire. In the early stages of oyster development, just after fertilization, the microbiota plays a key role in educating the immune system. Exposure to a rich microbial environment at the larval stage leads to an increase in immune competence throughout the life of the oyster, conferring a better protection against pathogenic infections at later juvenile/adult stages. This beneficial effect, which is intergenerational, is associated with epigenetic remodelling. At juvenile stages, the educated immune system participates in the control of the homeostasis. In particular, the microbiota is fine-tuned by oyster antimicrobial peptides acting through specific and synergistic effects. However, this balance is fragile, as illustrated by the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome, a disease causing mass mortalities in oysters worldwide. In this disease, the weakening of oyster immune defences by OsHV-1 µVar virus induces a dysbiosis leading to fatal sepsis. This review illustrates the continuous interaction between the highly diversified oyster immune system and its dynamic microbiota throughout its life, and the importance of this cross-talk for oyster health. This article is part of the theme issue 'Sculpting the microbiome: how host factors determine and respond to microbial colonization'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Destoumieux-Garzón
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Montagnani
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Luc Dantan
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Noémie de San Nicolas
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Travers
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Léo Duperret
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume M. Charrière
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Eve Toulza
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Mitta
- Ifremer, IRD, ILM, Université de Polynésie Française, UMR EIO, Vairao 98179, French Polynesia
| | - Céline Cosseau
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Escoubas
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Perpignan Via Domitia,34090 Montpellier, France
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2
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Chen L, Li D, Shen Y, Li Z, Hao H, Ke C, Meng Z, Feng D. Microbiota characterization of the green mussel Perna viridis at the tissue scale and its relationship with the environment. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1366305. [PMID: 38680921 PMCID: PMC11047130 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1366305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on the microbiota associated with marine invertebrates is important for understanding host physiology and the relationship between the host and the environment. In this study, the microbiota of the green mussel Perna viridis was characterized at the tissue scale using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and compared with the microbiota of the surrounding environment. Different mussel tissues were sampled, along with two environmental samples (the mussel's attachment substratum and seawater). The results showed that the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Spirochaetae were dominant in mussel tissues. The bacterial community composition at the family level varied among the tissues of P. viridis. Although the microbiota of P. viridis clearly differed from that of the surrounding seawater, the composition and diversity of the microbial community of the foot and outer shell surface were similar to those of the substratum, indicating their close relationship with the substratum. KEGG prediction analysis indicated that the bacteria harbored by P. viridis were enriched in the degradation of aromatic compounds, osmoregulation, and carbohydrate oxidation and fermentation, processes that may be important in P. viridis physiology. Our study provides new insights into the tissue-scale characteristics of mussel microbiomes and the intricate connection between mussels and their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dai Li
- China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huanhuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhang Meng
- China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Danqing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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3
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Wei Z, Zhao L, Wang S, Chang L, Shi J, Kong X, Li M, Lin J, Zhang W, Bao Z, Ding W, Hu X. Paralytic shellfish toxins producing dinoflagellates cause dysbacteriosis in scallop gut microbial biofilms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116146. [PMID: 38412634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Filter-feeding bivalves could accumulate paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by harmful dinoflagellates through diet. Despite that bivalves are resistant to these neurotoxins due to possessing PST-resistant sodium channel, exposure to PSTs-producing dinoflagellates impair bivalve survival. We hypothesized that ingesting PSTs-producing dinoflagellates may influence the gut microbiota, and then the health of bivalves. To test this idea, we compared the gut microbiota of the scallop Patinopecten yessoensis, after feeding with PST-producing or non-toxic dinoflagellates. Exposure to PSTs-producing dinoflagellates resulted in a decline of gut microbial diversity and a disturbance of community structure, accompanied by a significant increase in the abundance and richness of pathogenic bacteria, represented by Vibrio. Moreover, network analysis demonstrated extensive positive correlations between pathogenic bacteria abundances and PSTs concentrations in the digestive glands of the scallops. Furthermore, isolation of a dominant Vibrio strain and its genomic analysis revealed a variety of virulence factors, including the tolC outer membrane exporter, which were expressed in the gut microbiota. Finally, the infection experiment demonstrated scallop mortality caused by the isolated Vibrio strain; further, the pathogenicity of this Vibrio strain was attenuated by a mutation in the tolC gene. Together, these findings demonstrated that the PSTs may affect gut microbiota via direct and taxa-specific interactions with opportunistic pathogens, which proliferate after transition from seawater to the gut environment. The present study has revealed novel mechanisms towards deciphering the puzzles in environmental disturbances-caused death of an important aquaculture species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuaitao Wang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lirong Chang
- Weihai Changqing Ocean Science & Technology Co. Ltd, Rongcheng, China
| | - Jiaoxia Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangfu Kong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Moli Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinshui Lin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, College of Life Sciences, Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China
| | - Wei Ding
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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4
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Peng S, Ye L, Li Y, Wang F, Sun T, Wang L, Zhao J, Dong Z. Metagenomic insights into jellyfish-associated microbiome dynamics during strobilation. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:ycae036. [PMID: 38571744 PMCID: PMC10988111 DOI: 10.1093/ismeco/ycae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Host-associated microbiomes can play key roles in the metamorphosis of animals. Most scyphozoan jellyfish undergo strobilation in their life cycles, similar to metamorphosis in classic bilaterians. The exploration of jellyfish microbiomes may elucidate the ancestral mechanisms and evolutionary trajectories of metazoan-microbe associations and interactions during metamorphosis. However, current knowledge of the functional features of jellyfish microbiomes remains limited. Here, we performed a genome-centric analysis of associated microbiota across four successive life stages (polyp, early strobila, advanced strobila, and ephyra) during strobilation in the common jellyfish Aurelia coerulea. We observed shifts in taxonomic and functional diversity of microbiomes across distinct stages and proposed that the low microbial diversity in ephyra stage may be correlated with the high expression of the host-derived antimicrobial peptide aurelin. Furthermore, we recovered 43 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes and determined the nutritional potential of the dominant Vibrio members. Interestingly, we observed increased abundances of genes related to the biosynthesis of amino acids, vitamins, and cofactors, as well as carbon fixation during the loss of host feeding ability, indicating the functional potential of Aurelia-associated microbiota to support the synthesis of essential nutrients. We also identified several potential mechanisms by which jellyfish-associated microbes establish stage-specific community structures and maintain stable colonization in dynamic host environments, including eukaryotic-like protein production, bacterial secretion systems, restriction-modification systems, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-Cas systems. Our study characterizes unique taxonomic and functional changes in jellyfish microbiomes during strobilation and provides foundations for uncovering the ancestral mechanism of host-microbe interactions during metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saijun Peng
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lijing Ye
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Yongxue Li
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fanghan Wang
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhijun Dong
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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5
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Jatuyosporn T, Laohawutthichai P, Romo JPO, Gallardo-Becerra L, Lopez FS, Tassanakajon A, Ochoa-Leyva A, Krusong K. White spot syndrome virus impact on the expression of immune genes and gut microbiome of black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. Sci Rep 2023; 13:996. [PMID: 36653369 PMCID: PMC9849358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27906-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays an essential role in the immune system of invertebrates and vertebrates. Pre and pro-biotics could enhance the shrimp immune system by increasing the phenoloxidase (PO), prophenoloxidase (ProPO), and superoxide dismutase activities. During viral infection, the host immune system alteration could influence the gut microbiome composition and probably lead to other pathogenic infections. Since the JAK/STAT pathway is involved in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection, we investigated the intestine immune genes of STAT-silenced shrimp. During WSSV infection, expression levels of PmVago1, PmDoral, and PmSpätzle in PmSTAT-silenced shrimp were higher than normal. In addition, the transcription levels of antimicrobial peptides, including crustinPm1, crustinPm7, and PmPEN3, were higher in WSSV-challenged PmSTAT-silenced shrimp than the WSSV-infected normal shrimp. Meanwhile, PmSTAT silencing suppressed PmProPO1, PmProPO2, and PmPPAE1 expressions during WSSV infection. The microbiota from four shrimp tested groups (control group, WSSV-infected, PmSTAT-silenced, and PmSTAT-silenced infected by WSSV) was significantly different, with decreasing richness and diversity due to WSSV infection. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes was reduced in WSSV-challenged shrimp. However, at the species level, P. damselae, a pathogen to human and marine animals, significantly increased in WSSV-challenged shrimp. In constrast, Shewanella algae, a shrimp probiotic, was decreased in WSSV groups. In addition, the microbiota structure between control and PmSTAT-silenced shrimp was significantly different, suggesting the importance of STAT to maintain the homeostasis interaction with the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thapanan Jatuyosporn
- Center of Excellence in Structural and Computational Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pasunee Laohawutthichai
- Center of Excellence in Structural and Computational Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Juan Pablo Ochoa Romo
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Luigui Gallardo-Becerra
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Filiberto Sánchez Lopez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Adrian Ochoa-Leyva
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Kuakarun Krusong
- Center of Excellence in Structural and Computational Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Jeria E, Oyanedel D, Rojas R, Farlora R, Lira G, Mercado A, Muñoz K, Destoumieux-Garzón D, Brokordt K, Schmitt P. Resistance of Argopecten purpuratus scallop larvae to vibriosis is associated with the front-loading of immune genes and enhanced antimicrobial response. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1150280. [PMID: 36936911 PMCID: PMC10020363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass mortality events caused by vibriosis have emerged in hatchery-reared scallop larvae from Chile, threatening scallop aquaculture. In an attempt to mitigate this emerging infectious disease and provide candidates for marker-assisted selective breeding, we tested here the existence of a genetic component of Argopecten purpuratus scallop resistance to the pathogen Vibrio bivalvicida. Through a dual RNA-seq approach we analyzed the basal transcriptome and the transcriptional response to infection in two resistant and two susceptible families as well as the pathogen transcriptomic response to host colonization. The results highlighted a genetic basis in the resistance of scallop larvae to the pathogen. The Vibrio response was characterized by a general metabolic adaptation to the host environment, along with several predicted virulence factors overexpressed in infected scallop larvae with no difference between resistant and susceptible host phenotypes. On the host side, several biological processes were enriched in uninfected resistant larvae. Within these enriched categories, immune-related processes were overexpressed, while morphogenesis, biomineral tissue development, and angiogenesis were under expressed. Particularly, genes involved in immune recognition and antimicrobial response, such as lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins (LBPs), lysozyme, and bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI) were overexpressed in uninfected resistant larvae. As expected, immune-related biological processes were enriched in Vibrio-infected larvae, but they were more numerous in resistant larvae. Overexpressed immune genes in response to infection included several Toll-like receptors, TNF and NF-κB immune signaling genes, and the antimicrobial peptide Big defensin ApBD1. Results strongly suggest that both a front-loading of immune genes and an enhanced antimicrobial response to infection contribute to the resistance, while pathogen infective strategy does not discriminate between host phenotypes. Overall, early expression of host immune genes appears as a strong determinant of the disease outcome that could be used in marker-assisted selective breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Jeria
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Daniel Oyanedel
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Rojas
- Laboratorio de Patobiología Acuática, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Rodolfo Farlora
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Acuática y Genómica Reproductiva (LABYGER), Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Investigación y Gestión de Recursos Naturales (CIGREN), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - German Lira
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Ana Mercado
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Katherine Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - Katherina Brokordt
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Paulina Schmitt
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- *Correspondence: Paulina Schmitt,
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7
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De San Nicolas N, Asokan A, Rosa RD, Voisin SN, Travers MA, Rocha G, Dantan L, Dorant Y, Mitta G, Petton B, Charrière GM, Escoubas JM, Boulo V, Pouzadoux J, Meudal H, Loth K, Aucagne V, Delmas AF, Bulet P, Montagnani C, Destoumieux-Garzón D. Functional Diversification of Oyster Big Defensins Generates Antimicrobial Specificity and Synergy against Members of the Microbiota. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:745. [PMID: 36547892 PMCID: PMC9786018 DOI: 10.3390/md20120745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Big defensins are two-domain antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that have highly diversified in mollusks. Cg-BigDefs are expressed by immune cells in the oyster Crassostrea gigas, and their expression is dampened during the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), which evolves toward fatal bacteremia. We evaluated whether Cg-BigDefs contribute to the control of oyster-associated microbial communities. Two Cg-BigDefs that are representative of molecular diversity within the peptide family, namely Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef5, were characterized by gene cloning and synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis and native chemical ligation. Synthetic peptides were tested for antibacterial activity against a collection of culturable bacteria belonging to the oyster microbiota, characterized by 16S sequencing and MALDI Biotyping. We first tested the potential of Cg-BigDefs to control the oyster microbiota by injecting synthetic Cg-BigDef1 into oyster tissues and analyzing microbiota dynamics over 24 h by 16S metabarcoding. Cg-BigDef1 induced a significant shift in oyster microbiota β-diversity after 6 h and 24 h, prompting us to investigate antimicrobial activities in vitro against members of the oyster microbiota. Both Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef5 were active at a high salt concentration (400 mM NaCl) and showed broad spectra of activity against bacteria associated with C. gigas pathologies. Antimicrobial specificity was observed for both molecules at an intra- and inter-genera level. Remarkably, antimicrobial spectra of Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef5 were complementary, and peptides acted synergistically. Overall, we found that primary sequence diversification of Cg-BigDefs has generated specificity and synergy and extended the spectrum of activity of this peptide family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie De San Nicolas
- IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Aromal Asokan
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire UPR4301 CNRS, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Rafael D. Rosa
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Aquaculture, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Marie-Agnès Travers
- IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Gustavo Rocha
- Laboratory of Immunology Applied to Aquaculture, Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Luc Dantan
- IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Yann Dorant
- IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Mitta
- IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Ifremer, IRD, ILM, Université de Polynésie Française, UMR EIO, Vairao 98179, French Polynesia
| | - Bruno Petton
- Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR UMR 6539, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 29840 Argenton-en-Landunvez, France
| | - Guillaume M. Charrière
- IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Escoubas
- IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Viviane Boulo
- IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Juliette Pouzadoux
- IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Hervé Meudal
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire UPR4301 CNRS, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Karine Loth
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire UPR4301 CNRS, 45071 Orléans, France
- UFR ST, Université d’Orléans, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Vincent Aucagne
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire UPR4301 CNRS, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Agnès F. Delmas
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire UPR4301 CNRS, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Philippe Bulet
- Plateforme BioPark d’Archamps, Archparc, 74160 Archamps, France
- CR UGA, IAB, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, 74160 La Tronche-Archamps, France
| | - Caroline Montagnani
- IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University Perpignan Via Domitia, 34090 Montpellier, France
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8
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González R, Henríquez-Castillo C, Lohrmann KB, Romero MS, Ramajo L, Schmitt P, Brokordt K. The Gill Microbiota of Argopecten purpuratus Scallop Is Dominated by Symbiotic Campylobacterota and Upwelling Intensification Differentially Affects Their Abundance. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2330. [PMID: 36557583 PMCID: PMC9781997 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the great importance of gills for bivalve mollusks (respiration, feeding, immunity), the microbiota associated with this tissue has barely been characterized in scallops. The scallop Argopecten purpuratus is an important economic resource that is cultivated in areas where coastal upwelling is intensifying by climate change, potentially affecting host-microbiota interactions. Thus, we first characterized the bacterial community present in gills from cultivated scallops (by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing) and assessed their stability and functional potential in animals under farm and laboratory conditions. Results showed that under both conditions the gill bacterial community is dominated by the phylum Campylobacterota (57%), which displays a chemoautotrophic potential that could contribute to scallop nutrition. Within this phylum, two phylotypes, namely symbionts A and B, were the most abundant; being, respectively, taxonomically affiliated to symbionts with nutritional functions in mussel gills, and to uncultured bacteria present in coral mucus. Additionally, in situ hybridization and scanning electron microscopy analyses allowed us to detect these symbionts in the gills of A. purpuratus. Given that shifts in upwelling phenology can cause disturbances to ecosystems, affecting bacteria that provide beneficial functions to the host, we further assessed the changes in the abundance of the two symbionts (via qPCR) in response to a simulated upwelling intensification. The exposure to combined decreasing values in the temperature, pH, and oxygen levels (upwelling conditions) favored the dominance of symbiont B over symbiont A; suggesting that symbiont abundances are modulated by these environmental changes. Overall, results showed that changes in the main Campylobacterota phylotypes in response to upwelling intensification could affect its symbiotic function in A. purpuratus under future climate change scenarios. These results provide the first insight into understanding how scallop gill-microbial systems adapt and respond to climate change stressors, which could be critical for managing health, nutrition, and scallop aquaculture productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana González
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Carlos Henríquez-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Karin B. Lohrmann
- Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte (UCN), Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - María Soledad Romero
- Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte (UCN), Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Laura Ramajo
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte (UCN), Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2, Santiago 8370449, Chile
| | - Paulina Schmitt
- Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Katherina Brokordt
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Departamento de Acuicultura, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
- Centro de Innovación Acuícola (AquaPacífico), Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
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9
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Zapata Vívenes E, Sánchez G, Nusetti O, Marcano LDV. Modulation of innate immune responses in the flame scallop Ctenoides scaber (Born, 1778) caused by exposure to used automobile crankcase oils. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:342-349. [PMID: 36122641 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The used automobile crankcase oils are potential sources of contaminant elements for the coastal-marine ecosystems, affecting mainly the immunological system of organisms that feed by filtration, e. g. scallops. This study examined the effects of a water-soluble fraction of used automobile crankcase oils (WSF-UACO) on innate cellular- and humoral immune responses of the flame scallop Ctenoides scaber. The scallops were exposed to ascending concentrations of 0, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 of WSF-UACO under a static system of aquaria during 7 and 13 d. The viability, haemocyte total count (HTC), lysosomal membrane destabilization (LMD), phagocytosis, and protein concentration in hemolymph samples withdrawn taken from the blood sinus as well as lysozyme activity of the digestive gland were measured as immune endpoints. A decrease in cellular immune competence in scallops exposed to WSF-UACO was observed, with significant impairment of viability, HTC, and phagocytosis. LMD index increased about exposure concentrations, and plasma protein concentrations augmented to 0.01 and 0.1% during 13 d. Lysozyme activity increased in scallops exposed to WSF-UVCO during 7 d, to level off in the chronic period. Lysozyme activity and enhanced plasma proteins could act as compensatory responses when cell parameters tend to fall, helping to the regulation of microbial microflora and possible invasion of pathogenic microbes as well as defense against xenobiotics. The results demonstrate that the immunological responses of C. scaber are highly sensitive to the complex chemical mixture of contaminants, and it could be used for evaluating biological risks of hazardous xenobiotics in tropical marine environments. Republic of Ecuador.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Zapata Vívenes
- Grupo de Investigación, Biología y Cultivo de Moluscos, Departamento de Acuicultura, Pesca y Recursos Naturales Renovables, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Ecuador.
| | - Gabriela Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Ecotoxicología, Departamento de Biología, Escuela de Ciencias, Núcleo de Sucre, Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela.
| | - Osmar Nusetti
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Ecotoxicología, Departamento de Biología, Escuela de Ciencias, Núcleo de Sucre, Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela.
| | - Leida Del Valle Marcano
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Ecotoxicología, Departamento de Biología, Escuela de Ciencias, Núcleo de Sucre, Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela.
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Liu H, Zha S, Yang Z, Zhang W, Lin Z, Wang S, Bao Y. Acute sulfide exposure induces hemocyte toxicity and microbiota dysbiosis in blood clam Tegillarca granosa. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 249:106224. [PMID: 35753215 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide are widely accumulated in aquatic environments under anaerobic conditions, which cause health problems of aquatic animals, yet their toxic effects to benthic bivalves are not well understood. We investigated the effects of sulfide on innate immunity of the blood clam Tegillarca granosa. Immunity-related indicators and hemolymph microbiota were investigated in the clams exposed to sulfide (via 10, 100 and 1000 μmol/L of Na2S) over a 7-day period. The results showed that cellular immune responses in T. granosa were affected by exposure to high sulfide concentration (1000 μmol/L Na2S), as indicated by total counts of hemocytes (THC), cell viability, ROS levels and phagocytic activities, suggesting that sulfide stress induces T. granosa more vulnerable to pathogen challenges. In addition, the Na2S-induced stress also reshaped the hemolymph microbial community structure of T. granosa that some original genera decreased, such as Lactobacillus, Desulfovibrio and Akkermansia; some genera increased, such as Vibrio and Pseudoalteromonas in sulfide stress group. Sulfide exposure promoted the proliferation of opportunistic pathogen and reduced the diversity of microbial community in the hemolymph of T. granosa. In summary, sulfide stress had marked hemocytotoxicity, reduced immune-cell activity and increased bacterial infections in the blood clam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai 315604, China
| | - Shanjie Zha
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zexin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zhihua Lin
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai 315604, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yongbo Bao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang, College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai 315604, China.
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