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Zeng Z, Ruan Y, Ying H, Wang J, Wang H, Chen S. Baicalin Attenuates Type 2 Immune Responses in a Mouse Allergic Asthma Model through Inhibiting the Production of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39299223 DOI: 10.1159/000541100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Baicalin is a flavonoid chemical extracted and purified from the traditional Chinese medicine named Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which possesses broad pharmacological properties. Our work aimed to explore the protective role of baicalin in allergic asthma and its potential mechanisms on regulating type 2 immune response. METHODS Mice were injected intraperitoneally with ovalbumin (OVA) twice, further challenged with OVA aerosol for continuous 5 days. For baicalin group, mice were pre-administrated with baicalin. After the final challenge, the immune cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood were examined. The cytokines were evaluated by ELISA. Histological inspections were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Periodic Acid-Schiff staining. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) expression in lungs were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS The eosinophils infiltrating in BALF were reduced remarkably in baicalin-treated asthmatic mice. Baicalin decreased OVA-induced inflammatory cytokines and total serum immunoglobulin E secretion significantly. Moreover, baicalin alleviated the asthmatic pathological changes and substantially suppressed TSLP expression in the lung tissues. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that baicalin attenuates OVA-induced allergic asthma in mice effectively by suppressing type 2 immune responses, which might provide a novel insight into the anti-asthmatic activity of baicalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisen Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Yaoxin Ruan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Haoran Ying
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Huangbin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuzhen Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
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Kurokawa M, Kurokawa R, Baba A, Gomi T, Cho S, Yoshioka K, Harada T, Kim J, Emile P, Abe O, Moritani T. Neuroimaging Features of Cytokine-related Diseases. Radiographics 2024; 44:e230069. [PMID: 38696321 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Cytokines are small secreted proteins that have specific effects on cellular interactions and are crucial for functioning of the immune system. Cytokines are involved in almost all diseases, but as microscopic chemical compounds they cannot be visualized at imaging for obvious reasons. Several imaging manifestations have been well recognized owing to the development of cytokine therapies such as those with bevacizumab (antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and the establishment of new disease concepts such as interferonopathy and cytokine release syndrome. For example, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity is the second most common form of toxicity after CAR T-cell therapy toxicity, and imaging is recommended to evaluate the severity. The emergence of COVID-19, which causes a cytokine storm, has profoundly impacted neuroimaging. The central nervous system is one of the systems that is most susceptible to cytokine storms, which are induced by the positive feedback of inflammatory cytokines. Cytokine storms cause several neurologic complications, including acute infarction, acute leukoencephalopathy, and catastrophic hemorrhage, leading to devastating neurologic outcomes. Imaging can be used to detect these abnormalities and describe their severity, and it may help distinguish mimics such as metabolic encephalopathy and cerebrovascular disease. Familiarity with the neuroimaging abnormalities caused by cytokine storms is beneficial for diagnosing such diseases and subsequently planning and initiating early treatment strategies. The authors outline the neuroimaging features of cytokine-related diseases, focusing on cytokine storms, neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, cytokine-related tumors, and cytokine-related therapies, and describe an approach to diagnosing cytokine-related disease processes and their differentials. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kurokawa
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Ryo Kurokawa
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Akira Baba
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Taku Gomi
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Shinichi Cho
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Kyohei Yoshioka
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Taisuke Harada
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - John Kim
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Pinarbasi Emile
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Osamu Abe
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
| | - Toshio Moritani
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology (M.K., R.K., A.B., T.G., S.C., K.Y., J.K., T.M.), and Department of Pathology (P.E.), University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., R.K., S.C., K.Y., O.A.); Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.B., T.G.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (T.H.)
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Crocetti L, Khlebnikov AI, Guerrini G, Schepetkin IA, Melani F, Giovannoni MP, Quinn MT. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pyrazolo[1,5- a]quinazolines. Molecules 2024; 29:2421. [PMID: 38893295 PMCID: PMC11173647 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation contributes to a number of diseases. Therefore, control of the inflammatory response is an important therapeutic goal. To identify novel anti-inflammatory compounds, we synthesized and screened a library of 80 pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline compounds and related derivatives. Screening of these compounds for their ability to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) transcriptional activity in human THP-1Blue monocytic cells identified 13 compounds with anti-inflammatory activity (IC50 < 50 µM) in a cell-based test system, with two of the most potent being compounds 13i (5-[(4-sulfamoylbenzyl)oxy]pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline-3-carboxamide) and 16 (5-[(4-(methylsulfinyl)benzyloxy]pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline-3-carboxamide). Pharmacophore mapping of potential targets predicted that 13i and 16 may be ligands for three mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), p38α, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3). Indeed, molecular modeling supported that these compounds could effectively bind to ERK2, p38α, and JNK3, with the highest complementarity to JNK3. The key residues of JNK3 important for this binding were identified. Moreover, compounds 13i and 16 exhibited micromolar binding affinities for JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3. Thus, our results demonstrate the potential for developing lead anti-inflammatory drugs based on the pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline and related scaffolds that are targeted toward MAPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Crocetti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino (NEUROFARBA), Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.G.)
| | - Andrei I. Khlebnikov
- Kizhner Research Center, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia;
| | - Gabriella Guerrini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino (NEUROFARBA), Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.G.)
| | - Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
| | - Fabrizio Melani
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino (NEUROFARBA), Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.G.)
| | - Maria Paola Giovannoni
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino (NEUROFARBA), Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (L.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.G.)
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
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Quoc QL, Choi Y, Hur GY, Park HS. New targets for type 2-low asthma. Korean J Intern Med 2024; 39:215-227. [PMID: 38317271 PMCID: PMC10918384 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2023.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation, and presents significant diagnostic and treatment challenges. The concept of endotypes has improved understanding of the mechanisms of asthma and has stimulated the development of effective treatment strategies. Sputum profiles may be used to classify asthma into two major inflammatory types: type 2-high (T2H) and type 2-low (T2L) asthma. T2H, characterized by elevated type 2 inflammation, has been extensively studied and several effective biologic treatments have been developed. However, managing T2L is more difficult due to the lack of reliable biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and classification. Additionally, conventional anti-inflammatory therapy does not completely control the symptoms of T2L; therefore, further research is needed to identify effective biologic treatments. This review provides new insights into the clinical characteristics and underlying mechanisms of severe T2L and investigates potential therapeutic approaches to control the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Luu Quoc
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon,
Korea
| | - Youngwoo Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang,
Korea
| | - Gyu-Young Hur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon,
Korea
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Holmdahl I, Chakraborty S, Hoyer A, Filiou A, Asarnoj A, Sjölander A, Borres MP, van Hage M, Hedlin G, Konradsen JR, Söderhäll C. Inflammatory related plasma proteins involved in acute preschool wheeze. Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12308. [PMID: 38006384 PMCID: PMC10618892 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preschool wheeze is a risk factor for asthma development. However, the molecular mechanism behind a wheezing episode is not well understood. OBJECTIVE Our aims were to assess the association of plasma proteins with acute preschool wheeze and to study the proteins with differential expression at the acute phase at revisit after 3 months. Additionally, to investigate the relationship between protein expression and clinical parameters. METHOD We measured 92 inflammatory proteins in plasma and clinical parameters from 145 children during an episode of preschool wheeze (PW) and at the revisit after 3 months (PW-R, n = 113/145) and 101 healthy controls (HC) aged 6-48 months in the GEWAC cohort using the antibody-mediated proximity extension-based assay (Olink Proteomics, Uppsala). RESULTS Of the 74 analysed proteins, 52 were differentially expressed between PW and HC. The expression profiles of the top 10 proteins, Oncostatin M (OSM), IL-10, IL-6, Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), AXIN1, CXCL10, SIRT2, TNFSF11, Tumour necrosis factor β (TNF-β) and CASP8, could almost entirely separate PW from HC. Five out of 10 proteins were associated with intake of oral corticosteroids (OCS) 24 h preceding blood sampling (OSM, CASP8, IL-10, TNF-β and CXCL10). No differences in protein expression were seen between PWs with or without OCS in comparison to HC. At the revisit after 3 months, differential protein expressions were still seen between PW-R and HC for three (IL-10, SIRT2 and FGF21) of the 10 proteins. CONCLUSION Our results contribute to unravelling potential immunopathological pathways shared between preschool wheeze and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idun Holmdahl
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Astrid Lindgren's Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Astrid Lindgren's Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Angela Hoyer
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Astrid Lindgren's Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Anastasia Filiou
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Astrid Lindgren's Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Anna Asarnoj
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Astrid Lindgren's Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | | | - Magnus P. Borres
- Thermo Fisher ScientificUppsalaSweden
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Marianne van Hage
- Division of Immunology and AllergyDepartment of Medicine SolnaKarolinska Institutet and Karolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Gunilla Hedlin
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Jon R. Konradsen
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Astrid Lindgren's Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Cilla Söderhäll
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Astrid Lindgren's Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
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Andrenacci B, De Filippo M, Votto M, Prevedoni Gorone MS, De Amici M, La Grutta S, Marseglia GL, Licari A. Severe pediatric asthma endotypes: current limits and future perspectives. Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:675-690. [PMID: 37647343 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2254234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although rare, pediatric severe therapy-resistant asthma (STRA) is a highly heterogeneous, resource-demanding disease that differs significantly from severe adult asthma and whose pathogenesis is still poorly understood. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the latest 10 years of English-written studies defining pediatric STRA endotypes using lung-specific techniques such as bronchoalveolar lavage and endobronchial biopsy. Results of the studies and limits on the field are discussed, together with some future perspectives. EXPERT OPINION Over the years, it has become increasingly clear that 'one size does not fit all" in asthma. However, "Does an extremely tailored size fit more than one?'. Only using multicentric, longitudinal pediatric studies, will we be able to answer. Three issues could be particularly critical for future research. First, to provide, if existing, a distinction between prepuberal STRA and puberal STRA endotypes to understand the transition from pediatric to adult STRA and to design effective, tailored therapies in adolescents, usually suffering from poorer asthma control. Second, design early treatments for pediatric airway remodeling to preserve lifelong good lung function. Finally, to better characterize inflammation before and during biological therapies, to provide clues on whether to stop or change treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Andrenacci
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria De Filippo
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Votto
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Sole Prevedoni Gorone
- Pediatric Radiology Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mara De Amici
- Immuno-Allergology Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania La Grutta
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Amelia Licari
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Palermo, Italy
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Coufal S, Kverka M, Kreisinger J, Thon T, Rob F, Kolar M, Reiss Z, Schierova D, Kostovcikova K, Roubalova R, Bajer L, Jackova Z, Mihula M, Drastich P, Tresnak Hercogova J, Novakova M, Vasatko M, Lukas M, Tlaskalova-Hogenova H, Jiraskova Zakostelska Z. Serum TGF- β1 and CD14 Predicts Response to Anti-TNF- α Therapy in IBD. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:1535484. [PMID: 37383609 PMCID: PMC10299888 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1535484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) agonists revolutionized therapeutic algorithms in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management. However, approximately every third IBD patient does not respond to this therapy in the long term, which delays efficient control of the intestinal inflammation. Methods We analyzed the power of serum biomarkers to predict the failure of anti-TNF-α. We collected serum of 38 IBD patients at therapy prescription and 38 weeks later and analyzed them with relation to therapy response (no-, partial-, and full response). We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to quantify 16 biomarkers related to gut barrier (intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, liver fatty acid-binding protein, trefoil factor 3, and interleukin (IL)-33), microbial translocation, immune system regulation (TNF-α, CD14, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, mannan-binding lectin, IL-18, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), osteoprotegerin (OPG), insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), endocrine-gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor), and matrix metalloproteinase system (MMP-9, MMP-14, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1). Results We found that future full-responders have different biomarker profiles than non-responders, while partial-responders cannot be distinguished from either group. When future non-responders were compared to responders, their baseline contained significantly more TGF-β1, less CD14, and increased level of MMP-9, and concentration of these factors could predict non-responders with high accuracy (AUC = 0.938). Interestingly, during the 38 weeks, levels of MMP-9 decreased in all patients, irrespective of the outcome, while OPG, IGF-2, and TGF-β1 were higher in non-responders compared to full-responders both at the beginning and the end of the treatment. Conclusions The TGF-β1 and CD14 can distinguish non-responders from responders. The changes in biomarker dynamics during the therapy suggest that growth factors (such as OPG, IGF-2, and TGF-β) are not markedly influenced by the treatment and that anti-TNF-α therapy decreases MMP-9 without influencing the treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Coufal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Kverka
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Kreisinger
- Laboratory of Animal Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Thon
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Rob
- Second Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bulovka, Dermatovenerology Department, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kolar
- ISCARE a.s., IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Reiss
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Schierova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Kostovcikova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Roubalova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Bajer
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Jackova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Mihula
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Drastich
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Tresnak Hercogova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bulovka, Dermatovenerology Department, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Dermatology Prof. Hercogova, Center for Biological Therapy, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Novakova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Bulovka, Dermatovenerology Department, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vasatko
- ISCARE a.s., IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Lukas
- ISCARE a.s., IBD Clinical and Research Centre, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Jiraskova Zakostelska
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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8
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Chen PT, Chen PC, Wang JY, Wang SD, Lin LJ. Evaluation of You-Gui-Wan critical compounds inhibiting ALOX-5 and HDC gene expression in RBL-2H3 cells using a fractional factorial design. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116122. [PMID: 36610671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) You-Gui-Wan (YGW) has been used to treat asthma for hundreds of years. AIM OF THE STUDY YGW is composed of 10 types of medicinal materials. However, the immune mechanism of YGW in asthma treatment has not been elucidated. Therefore, this study investigated asthma symptoms attenuated by YGW and the underlying immune regulatory mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Intratracheal (i.t.) stimulation of BALB/c mice with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) was performed once per week (40 μL, 2.5 μg/μL). For six consecutive weeks, different doses of YGW (0.2 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg) were orally administered 30 min before stimulation with Der p. After the last stimulation, airway hyperreactivity, lung gene expression, and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) in blood were evaluated using a whole-body plethysmograph system, real-time PCR, and ELISA, respectively. In addition, DNP-IgE/DNP-BSA was added to stimulate mast cells (RBL-2H3), and YGW or various compound compositions (Trial) were added to RBL-2H3 cells for 30 min to evaluate the effects of the drug on mast cell degranulation and on gene expression. JMP 5.1 software was used to design and analyze YGW's critical compounds by which it inhibited ALOX-5 and HDC gene expression in RBL-2H3 cells. RESULTS YGW significantly decreased serum total IgE levels and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic mice. YGW also reduced the gene expression of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-13, and COX-2 in the lungs of asthmatic mice and RBL-2H3 cells. YGW and the compound (Trial 21) present in YGW inhibited the gene expression of ALOX-5 and HDC in RBL-2H3 cells. CONCLUSION The experimental results indicate that YGW exhibits anti-airway hyperresponsiveness and specific immunomodulatory effects. In addition, YGW synergistically inhibits ALOX-5 and HDC gene expression in mast cells through a combination of 21 compounds, including luteolin, quercetin, and β-carotene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ting Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, 71005, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Chi Chen
- Center for Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (A.I.M.), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Center for Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome (A.I.M.), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Shulhn-Der Wang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Jen Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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9
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Ahmad S, Mohd Noor N, Engku Nur Syafirah EAR, Irekeola AA, Shueb RH, Chan YY, Barnes PJ, Mohamud R. Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor for Supplementary Management in Severe Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:77-85. [PMID: 36795972 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2022.0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-necrosis factor (TNF) is recognized as a therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases, including asthma. In severe forms of asthma, biologics such as anti-TNF are rendered to be investigated as therapeutic options in severe asthma. Hence, this work is done to assess the efficacy and safety of anti-TNF as a supplementary therapy for patients with severe asthma. A systematic search of 3 databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov) was performed to identify for published and unpublished randomized controlled trials comparing anti-TNF (etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, certolizumab pegol, golimumab) with placebo in patients diagnosed with persistent or severe asthma. Random-effects model was used to estimate risk ratios and mean differences (MDs) with confidence intervals (95% CIs). PROSPERO registration number is CRD42020172006. Four trials with 489 randomized patients were included. Comparison between etanercept and placebo involved 3 trials while comparison between golimumab and placebo involved 1 trial. Etanercept produced a small but significant impairment in forced expiratory flow in 1 second (MD 0.33, 95% CI 0.09-0.57, I2 statistic = 0%, P = 0.008) and a modest improvement of asthma control using the Asthma Control Questionnaire. However, using the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire, the patients exhibit an impaired quality of life with etanercept. Treatment with etanercept showed a reduced injection site reaction and gastroenteritis compared with placebo. Although treatment with anti-TNF is shown to improve asthma control, severe asthma patients did not benefit from this therapy as there is limited evidence for improvement in lung function and reduction of asthma exacerbation. Hence, it is unlikely to prescribe anti-TNF in adults with severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhana Ahmad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Norhayati Mohd Noor
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - E A R Engku Nur Syafirah
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Summit University Offa, Offa, Nigeria
| | - Rafidah Hanim Shueb
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Yean Yean Chan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Peter J Barnes
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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10
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Helou DG, Quach C, Fung M, Painter JD, Hurrell BP, Eddie Loh YH, Howard E, Shafiei-Jahani P, Soroosh P, Sharpe AH, Akbari O. Human PD-1 agonist treatment alleviates neutrophilic asthma by reprogramming T cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:526-538.e8. [PMID: 35963455 PMCID: PMC9905221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophilic asthma is associated with disease severity and corticosteroid insensitivity. Novel therapies are required to manage this life-threatening asthma phenotype. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is a key homeostatic modulator of the immune response for T-cell effector functions. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the role of PD-1 in the regulation of acute neutrophilic inflammation in a murine model of airway hyperreactivity (AHR). METHODS House dust mite was used to induce and compare neutrophilic AHR in wild-type and PD-1 knockout mice. Then, the therapeutic potential of a human PD-1 agonist was tested in a humanized mouse model in which the PD-1 extracellular domain is entirely humanized. Single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry were mainly used to investigate molecular and cellular mechanisms. RESULTS PD-1 was highly induced on pulmonary T cells in our inflammatory model. PD-1 deficiency was associated with an increased neutrophilic AHR and high recruitment of inflammatory cells to the lungs. Consistently, PD-1 agonist treatment dampened AHR, decreased neutrophil recruitment, and modulated cytokine production in a humanized PD-1 mouse model. Mechanistically, we demonstrated at the transcriptional and protein levels that the inhibitory effect of PD-1 agonist is associated with the reprogramming of pulmonary effector T cells that showed decreased number and activation. CONCLUSIONS PD-1 agonist treatment is efficient in dampening neutrophilic AHR and lung inflammation in a preclinical humanized mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doumet Georges Helou
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Christine Quach
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Marshall Fung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Jacob D Painter
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Benjamin P Hurrell
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Yong-Hwee Eddie Loh
- USC Libraries Bioinformatics Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Emily Howard
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Pedram Shafiei-Jahani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | | | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif.
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11
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Liu C, Makrinioti H, Saglani S, Bowman M, Lin LL, Camargo CA, Hasegawa K, Zhu Z. Microbial dysbiosis and childhood asthma development: Integrated role of the airway and gut microbiome, environmental exposures, and host metabolic and immune response. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1028209. [PMID: 36248891 PMCID: PMC9561420 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1028209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic and heterogeneous respiratory disease with many risk factors that typically originate during early childhood. A complex interplay between environmental factors and genetic predisposition is considered to shape the lung and gut microbiome in early life. The growing literature has identified that changes in the relative abundance of microbes (microbial dysbiosis) and reduced microbial diversity, as triggers of the airway-gut axis crosstalk dysregulation, are associated with asthma development. There are several mechanisms underlying microbial dysbiosis to childhood asthma development pathways. For example, a bacterial infection in the airway of infants can lead to the activation and/or dysregulation of inflammatory pathways that contribute to bronchoconstriction and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. In addition, gut microbial dysbiosis in infancy can affect immune development and differentiation, resulting in a suboptimal balance between innate and adaptive immunity. This evolving dysregulation of secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators has been associated with persistent airway inflammation and subsequent asthma development. In this review, we examine current evidence around associations between the airway and gut microbial dysbiosis with childhood asthma development. More specifically, this review focuses on discussing the integrated roles of environmental exposures, host metabolic and immune responses, airway and gut microbial dysbiosis in driving childhood asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conglin Liu
- Immunology & Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Conglin Liu, ; Zhaozhong Zhu,
| | | | - Sejal Saglani
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Bowman
- Immunology & Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Lih-Ling Lin
- Immunology & Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Carlos A. Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kohei Hasegawa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zhaozhong Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Conglin Liu, ; Zhaozhong Zhu,
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12
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Codonopsis laceolata Water Extract Ameliorates Asthma Severity by Inducing Th2 Cells’ and Pulmonary Epithelial Cells’ Apoptosis via NF-κB/COX-2 Pathway. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10071249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is an incurable pulmonary disease with several symptoms, including abnormal breathing, coughing, and sleep apnea, which can lead to death, and the population of asthma patients has been increasing worldwide. There are many adverse effects in current drugs, and thus, we have tried to develop anti-asthmatic agents from natural products such as Codonopsis laceolata. To define the anti-asthmatic effect and the mechanism of Codonopsis laceolata, an animal study was conducted considering different cell counts of BALF, serum IgE levels, morphological changes in the pulmonary system, the Th2 cell transcription factor (GATA-3), and the apoptotic pathway (NF-κB/COX-2). Codonopsis laceolata significantly suppressed the representative asthmatic changes, such as airway remodeling, mucous hypersecretion, epithelial hyperplasia, and inflammatory cell infiltration, in the respiratory system. It suppressed the levels of GATA-3, IL-4, and IL-13. The down-regulation of Th2-related factors, such as GATA-3, IL-4, and IL-13, results from the stimulated apoptosis of Th2 cells and epithelial cells via a decrease in the levels of NF-κB and COX-2. We concluded that Codonopsis laceolata might be a promising anti-asthmatic drug.
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13
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Ramírez-Martínez G, Jiménez-Álvarez LA, Cruz-Lagunas A, Ignacio-Cortés S, Gómez-García IA, Rodríguez-Reyna TS, Choreño-Parra JA, Zúñiga J. Possible Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and TGF-β in COVID-19 Severity and Sequelae. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2022; 42:352-368. [PMID: 35647937 PMCID: PMC9422783 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2021.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The costs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are devastating. With millions of deaths worldwide, specific serological biomarkers, antiviral agents, and novel therapies are urgently required to reduce the disease burden. For these purposes, a profound understanding of the pathobiology of COVID-19 is mandatory. Notably, the study of immunity against other respiratory infections has generated reference knowledge to comprehend the paradox of the COVID-19 pathogenesis. Past studies point to a complex interplay between cytokines and other factors mediating wound healing and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that results in exacerbated inflammation, tissue injury, severe manifestations, and a sequela of respiratory infections. This review provides an overview of the immunological process elicited after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Also, we analyzed available data about the participation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in immune responses of the lungs. Furthermore, we discuss their possible implications in severe COVID-19 and sequela, including pulmonary fibrosis, and remark on the potential of these molecules as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of convalescent COVID-19 patients. Our review provides a theoretical framework for future research aimed to discover molecular hallmarks that, combined with clinical features, could serve as therapeutic targets and reliable biomarkers of the different clinical forms of COVID-19, including convalescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ramírez-Martínez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Armando Jiménez-Álvarez
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Lagunas
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Ignacio-Cortés
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Itzel Alejandra Gómez-García
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tatiana Sofia Rodríguez-Reyna
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Alberto Choreño-Parra
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Zúñiga
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas," Mexico City, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
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14
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Carr TF, Peters MC. Novel potential treatable traits in asthma: Where is the research taking us? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2022; 1:27-36. [PMID: 37780590 PMCID: PMC10509971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex, heterogeneous disease in which the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Patients are often grouped into phenotypes (based on clinical, biologic, and physiologic characteristics) and endotypes (based on distinct genetic or molecular mechanisms). Recently, patients with asthma have been broadly split into 2 phenotypes based on their levels of type 2 inflammation: type 2 and non-type 2 asthma. However, this approach is likely oversimplified, and our understanding of the non-type 2 mechanisms in asthma remains extremely limited. A better understanding of asthma phenotypes and endotypes may assist in development of drugs for new therapeutic targets in asthma. One approach is to identify "treatable traits," which are specific patient characteristics related to phenotypes and endotypes that can be targeted by therapies. This review will focus on emerging treatable traits in asthma and aim to describe novel patient subgroups and endotypes that may represent the next step in the search for new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara F. Carr
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Michael C. Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
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15
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Therapeutic Potential of Combining IL-6 and TNF Blockade in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073521. [PMID: 35408882 PMCID: PMC8998171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined anti-cytokine therapy is a promising therapeutic approach for uncontrolled steroid-resistant asthma. In this regard, simultaneous blockade of IL-4 and IL-13 signaling by Dupilumab (anti-IL-4Ra monoclonal antibody) was recently approved for severe eosinophilic asthma. However, no therapeutic options for neutrophilic asthma are currently available. Recent advances in our understanding of asthma pathogenesis suggest that both IL-6 and TNF may represent potential targets for treatment of severe neutrophilic asthma. Nevertheless, the efficacy of simultaneous pharmacological inhibition of TNF and IL-6 in asthma was not yet studied. To evaluate the potency of combined cytokine inhibition, we simultaneously administrated IL-6 and TNF inhibitors to BALB/c mice with HDM-induced asthma. Combined IL-6/TNF inhibition, but not individual blockade of these two cytokines, led to complex anti-inflammatory effects including reduced Th2-induced eosinophilia and less prominent Th17/Th1-mediated neutrophilic infiltrate in the airways. Taken together, our results provide evidence for therapeutic potential of combined IL-6/TNF inhibition in severe steroid-resistant asthma.
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16
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Yang Y, Huang L, Tian C, Qian B. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate alleviate airway inflammatory responses in ovalbumin-induced mouse model of allergic asthma. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:525-533. [PMID: 35315307 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2055567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma is a common chronic airway inflammatory disease, lacking effective therapeutic approaches. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) is an anti-inflammatory drug for treating chronic inflammation. However, it is still ambiguous whether MgIG can function in allergy induced asthma. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammation effect of MgIG in mice with allergy induced asthma and explored the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Mouse asthma model was established with ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge. Subsequently, mice sensitized with OVA were randomly assigned into fourgroups: asthma model group (MDL), dexamethasone group (DXM), MgIG group (MgIG), and normal mice were used as normal control (CON). The mice in MgIG, MDL were given 0.2 mg/ml MgIG solution by atomization inhalation for 30 min before 1% (w/v) OVA challenge. At the completion of model establishment and drug treatment, cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were classified, inflammatory factors in serum were determined, histopathological analysis was performed by H&E staining, and expression of MUC5AC, NLRP3, and cleaved caspase-1 in the lung tissue was also determined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting, respectively. KEY FINDINGS In comparison to MDL group, MgIG treatment could significantly inhibit the recruitment of white blood cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils in BALF, reduced the production of IL-6, TNF-α, and IgE in serum, and reduced mucus secretion and the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Also, an increase of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 protein levels were suppressed by MgIG treatment. CONCLUSION Our study findings support that nebulizer inhalation of MgIG as an effective therapy in treating the allergy induced asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R.China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R.China
| | - Chongchong Tian
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R.China
| | - Bingjun Qian
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R.China
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17
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de Sire A, Marotta N, Ferrillo M, Agostini F, Sconza C, Lippi L, Respizzi S, Giudice A, Invernizzi M, Ammendolia A. Oxygen-Ozone Therapy for Reducing Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Serum Levels in Musculoskeletal and Temporomandibular Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052528. [PMID: 35269681 PMCID: PMC8910188 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the application of oxygen-ozone (O2O3) therapy has significantly increased in the common clinical practice in several pathological conditions. However, beyond the favorable clinical effects, the biochemical effects of O2O3 are still far from being understood. This comprehensive review aimed at investigating the state of the art about the effects of O2O3 therapy on pro-inflammatory cytokines serum levels as a modulator of oxidative stress in patients with musculoskeletal and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The efficacy of O2O3 therapy could be related to the moderate oxidative stress modulation produced by the interaction of ozone with biological components. More in detail, O2O3 therapy is widely used as an adjuvant therapeutic option in several pathological conditions characterized by chronic inflammatory processes and immune overactivation. In this context, most musculoskeletal and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) share these two pathophysiological processes. Despite the paucity of in vivo studies, this comprehensive review suggests that O2O3 therapy might reduce serum levels of interleukin 6 in patients with TMD, low back pain, knee osteoarthritis and rheumatic diseases with a concrete and measurable interaction with the inflammatory pathway. However, to date, further studies are needed to clarify the effects of this promising therapy on inflammatory mediators and their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro de Sire
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.M.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0961712819
| | - Nicola Marotta
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Martina Ferrillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Francesco Agostini
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Cristiano Sconza
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.S.); (S.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lippi
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.L.); (M.I.)
| | - Stefano Respizzi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Amerigo Giudice
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Marco Invernizzi
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont “A. Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.L.); (M.I.)
- Translational Medicine, Dipartimento Attività Integrate Ricerca e Innovazione (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Antonio Ammendolia
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.M.); (A.A.)
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Jendrišek G, Nikolić A, Dragičević S. Inflammatory modulation of the response of bronchial epithelial cells to lipopolysaccharide with pretreatment by montelukast. KRAGUJEVAC JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/kgjsci2244115j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, is the most prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used as an add-on therapy for asthma. Besides its effect on blocking leukotriene action, montelukast has been proposed to have secondary anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effect of montelukast on the expression of major genes involved in airway inflammation (TNF, IL6) and remodeling (MMP9, TGFB1) in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. The expression of selected genes was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction 0h and 24h after LPS stimulation in cells pretreated with montelukast. Montelukast was found to significantly attenuate increased TNF and IL6 gene expression, to have a mild effect on MMP9 and have no effect on TGFB1 expression upon stimulation with LPS. The results of our study indicate that patients on montelukast therapy would have an adequate response to acute microorganism-induced inflammation, so additional anti-inflammatory effects of montelukast should be better exploited.
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New Insights into the Role of PD-1 and Its Ligands in Allergic Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111898. [PMID: 34769327 PMCID: PMC8584538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 are receptors that act in co-stimulatory and coinhibitory immune responses. Signaling the PD-1/PD-L1 or PD-L2 pathway is essential to regulate the inflammatory responses to infections, autoimmunity, and allergies, and it has been extensively studied in cancer. Allergic diseases include asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, drug allergy, and anaphylaxis. These overactive immune responses involve IgE-dependent activation and increased CD4+ T helper type 2 (Th2) lymphocytes. Recent studies have shown that PD-L1 and PD-L2 act to regulate T-cell activation and function. However, the main role of PD-1 and its ligands is to balance the immune response; however, the inflammatory process of allergic diseases is poorly understood. These immune checkpoint molecules can function as a brake or a kick-start to regulate the adaptive immune response. These findings suggest that PD-1 and its ligands may be a key factor in studying the exaggerated response in hypersensitivity reactions in allergies. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of PD-1 and PD-L1 and PD-L2 pathway regulation in allergic diseases and how this immunomodulatory pathway is currently being targeted to develop novel therapeutic immunotherapy.
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