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Sun M, Li Y, Xu G, Zhu J, Lu R, An S, Zeng Z, Deng Z, Cheng R, Zhang Q, Yao Y, Wu J, Zhang Y, Hu H, Chen Z, Huang Q, Wu J. Sirt3-Mediated Opa1 Deacetylation Protects Against Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Alveolar Macrophage Pro-Inflammatory Polarization. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38874521 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Aims: Mitochondrial dynamics in alveolar macrophages (AMs) are associated with sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether changes in mitochondrial dynamics could alter the polarization of AMs in sepsis-induced ALI and to explore the regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial dynamics by focusing on sirtuin (SIRT)3-induced optic atrophy protein 1 (OPA1) deacetylation. Results: The AMs of sepsis-induced ALI showed imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics and polarization to the M1 macrophage phenotype. In sepsis, SIRT3 overexpression promotes mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium in AMs. However, 3-(1H-1, 2, 3-triazol-4-yl) pyridine (3TYP)-specific inhibition of SIRT3 increased the mitochondrial dynamic imbalance and pro-inflammatory polarization of AMs and further aggravated sepsis-induced ALI. OPA1 is directly bound to and deacetylated by SIRT3 in AMs. In AMs of sepsis-induced ALI, SIRT3 protein expression was decreased and OPA1 acetylation was increased. OPA1 acetylation at the lysine 792 amino acid residue (OPA1-K792) promotes self-cleavage and is associated with an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics. However, decreased acetylation of OPA1-K792 reversed the pro-inflammatory polarization of AMs and protected the barrier function of alveolar epithelial cells in sepsis-induced ALI. Innovation: Our study revealed, for the first time, the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and AM polarization by SIRT3-mediated deacetylation of OPA1 in sepsis-induced ALI, which may serve as an intervention target for precision therapy of the disease. Conclusions: Our data suggest that imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics promote pro-inflammatory polarization of AMs in sepsis-induced ALI and that deacetylation of OPA1 mediated by SIRT3 improves mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium, thereby ameliorating lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maomao Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gege Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junrui Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruimin Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng An
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiya Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ran Cheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqing Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaobing Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Anitua E, Troya M, Alkhraisat MH. Immunoregulatory role of platelet derivatives in the macrophage-mediated immune response. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1399130. [PMID: 38983851 PMCID: PMC11231193 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1399130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophages are innate immune cells that display remarkable phenotypic heterogeneity and functional plasticity. Due to their involvement in the pathogenesis of several human conditions, macrophages are considered to be an attractive therapeutic target. In line with this, platelet derivatives have been successfully applied in many medical fields and as active participants in innate immunity, cooperation between platelets and macrophages is essential. In this context, the aim of this review is to compile the current evidence regarding the effects of platelet derivatives on the phenotype and functions of macrophages to identify the advantages and shortcomings for feasible future clinical applications. Methods A total of 669 articles were identified during the systematic literature search performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases. Results A total of 27 articles met the inclusion criteria. Based on published findings, platelet derivatives may play an important role in inducing a dynamic M1/M2 balance and promoting a timely M1-M2 shift. However, the differences in procedures regarding platelet derivatives and macrophages polarization and the occasional lack of information, makes reproducibility and comparison of results extremely challenging. Furthermore, understanding the differences between human macrophages and those derived from animal models, and taking into account the peculiarities of tissue resident macrophages and their ontogeny seem essential for the design of new therapeutic strategies. Conclusion Research on the combination of macrophages and platelet derivatives provides relevant information on the function and mechanisms of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
| | - María Troya
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Mohammad H. Alkhraisat
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, BTI-Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology, UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
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3
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Liu YT, Mao ZW, Ding Y, Wang WL. Macrophages as Targets in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:780-790. [PMID: 38310642 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with a complex and diverse immunosuppressive microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are an essential component of the tumor immune microenvironment. TAMs typically exist in two primary states: anti-tumor M1 macrophages and protumor M2 macrophages. Remarkably, TAMs possess high plasticity, enabling them to switch between different subtypes or alter their biological functions in response to the tumor microenvironment. Based on research into the biological role of TAMs in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, including HCC, TAMs are emerging as promising targets for novel tumor treatment strategies. In this review, we provide a detailed introduction to the origin and subtypes of TAMs, elucidate their interactions with other cells in the complex tumor microenvironment of HCC, and describe the biological roles, characteristics, and mechanisms of TAMs in the progression of HCC. Furthermore, we furnish an overview of the latest therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Mao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei-Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Cancer Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Li X, Poire A, Jeong KJ, Zhang D, Ozmen TY, Chen G, Sun C, Mills GB. C5aR1 inhibition reprograms tumor associated macrophages and reverses PARP inhibitor resistance in breast cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4485. [PMID: 38802355 PMCID: PMC11130309 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Although Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) have been approved in multiple diseases, including BRCA1/2 mutant breast cancer, responses are usually transient requiring the deployment of combination therapies for optimal efficacy. Here we thus explore mechanisms underlying sensitivity and resistance to PARPi using two intrinsically PARPi sensitive (T22) and resistant (T127) syngeneic murine breast cancer models in female mice. We demonstrate that tumor associated macrophages (TAM) potentially contribute to the differential sensitivity to PARPi. By single-cell RNA-sequencing, we identify a TAM_C3 cluster, expressing genes implicated in anti-inflammatory activity, that is enriched in PARPi resistant T127 tumors and markedly decreased by PARPi in T22 tumors. Rps19/C5aR1 signaling is selectively elevated in TAM_C3. C5aR1 inhibition or transferring C5aR1hi cells increases and decreases PARPi sensitivity, respectively. High C5aR1 levels in human breast cancers are associated with poor responses to immune checkpoint blockade. Thus, targeting C5aR1 may selectively deplete pro-tumoral macrophages and engender sensitivity to PARPi and potentially other therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Division of Oncological Sciences Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Alfonso Poire
- Division of Oncological Sciences Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kang Jin Jeong
- Division of Oncological Sciences Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Dong Zhang
- Division of Oncological Sciences Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tugba Yildiran Ozmen
- Division of Oncological Sciences Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoyang Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Division of Oncological Sciences Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Nikiema WA, Ouédraogo M, Ouédraogo WP, Fofana S, Ouédraogo BHA, Delma TE, Amadé B, Abdoulaye GM, Sawadogo AS, Ouédraogo R, Semde R. Systematic Review of Chemical Compounds with Immunomodulatory Action Isolated from African Medicinal Plants. Molecules 2024; 29:2010. [PMID: 38731500 PMCID: PMC11085867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A robust, well-functioning immune system is the cornerstone of good health. Various factors may influence the immune system's effectiveness, potentially leading to immune system failure. This review aims to provide an overview of the structure and action of immunomodulators isolated from African medicinal plants. The research was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Full-text access research articles published in English up to December 2023, including plant characteristics, isolated phytochemicals, and immuno-modulatory activities, were screened. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were generated using ChemDraw® (version 12.0.1076), and convergent and distinctive signaling pathways were highlighted. These phytochemicals with demonstrated immunostimulatory activity include alkaloids (berberine, piperine, magnoflorine), polysaccharides (pectin, glucan, acemannan, CALB-4, GMP90-1), glycosides (syringin, cordifolioside, tinocordiside, aucubin), phenolic compounds (ferulic acid, vanillic acid, eupalitin), flavonoids (curcumin, centaurein, kaempferin, luteolin, guajaverin, etc.), terpenoids (oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, boswellic acids, corosolic acid, nimbidin, andrographolides). These discussed compounds exert their effects through various mechanisms, targeting the modulation of MAPKs, PI3K-Akt, and NF-kB. These mechanisms can support the traditional use of medicinal plants to treat immune-related diseases. The outcomes of this overview are to provoke structural action optimization, to orient research on particular natural chemicals for managing inflammatory, infectious diseases and cancers, or to boost vaccine immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendwaoga Arsène Nikiema
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Moussa Ouédraogo
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso;
| | - Windbedma Prisca Ouédraogo
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso;
| | - Souleymane Fofana
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
- Institut des Sciences de la Santé, Université NAZI Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Boris Honoré Amadou Ouédraogo
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Talwendpanga Edwige Delma
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Belem Amadé
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Gambo Moustapha Abdoulaye
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Aimé Serge Sawadogo
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso;
| | - Raogo Ouédraogo
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
| | - Rasmané Semde
- Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament, Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (W.A.N.); (W.P.O.); (B.H.A.O.); (T.E.D.); (B.A.); (G.M.A.); (R.S.)
- Centre d’Excellence Africain, Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; (S.F.); (R.O.)
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI—ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso;
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Olaoba OT, Yang M, Adelusi TI, Maidens T, Kimchi ET, Staveley-O’Carroll KF, Li G. Targeted Therapy for Highly Desmoplastic and Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1470. [PMID: 38672552 PMCID: PMC11048089 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a very poor prognosis. Despite advancements in treatment strategies, PDAC remains recalcitrant to therapies because patients are often diagnosed at an advanced stage. The advanced stage of PDAC is characterized by metastasis, which typically renders it unresectable by surgery or untreatable by chemotherapy. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC comprises highly proliferative myofibroblast-like cells and hosts the intense deposition of a extracellular matrix component that forms dense fibrous connective tissue, a process called the desmoplastic reaction. In desmoplastic TMEs, the incessant aberration of signaling pathways contributes to immunosuppression by suppressing antitumor immunity. This feature offers a protective barrier that impedes the targeted delivery of drugs. In addition, the efficacy of immunotherapy is compromised because of the immune cold TME of PDAC. Targeted therapy approaches towards stromal and immunosuppressive TMEs are challenging. In this review, we discuss cellular and non-cellular TME components that contain actionable targets for drug development. We also highlight findings from preclinical studies and provide updates about the efficacies of new investigational drugs in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olamide T. Olaoba
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
| | - Temitope I. Adelusi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Tessa Maidens
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
| | - Eric T. Kimchi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Kevin F. Staveley-O’Carroll
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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7
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Oza D, Ivich F, Pace J, Yu M, Niedre M, Amiji M. Lipid nanoparticle encapsulated large peritoneal macrophages migrate to the lungs via the systemic circulation in a model of clodronate-mediated lung-resident macrophage depletion. Theranostics 2024; 14:2526-2543. [PMID: 38646640 PMCID: PMC11024852 DOI: 10.7150/thno.91062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: A mature tissue resident macrophage (TRM) population residing in the peritoneal cavity has been known for its unique ability to migrate to peritoneally located injured tissues and impart wound healing properties. Here, we sought to expand on this unique ability of large peritoneal macrophages (LPMs) by investigating whether these GATA6+ LPMs could also intravasate into systemic circulation and migrate to extra-peritoneally located lungs upon ablating lung-resident alveolar macrophages (AMs) by intranasally administered clodronate liposomes in mice. Methods: C12-200 cationic lipidoid-based nanoparticles were employed to selectively deliver a small interfering RNA (siRNA)-targeting CD-45 labeled with a cyanine 5.5 (Cy5.5) dye to LPMs in vivo via intraperitoneal injection. We utilized a non-invasive optical technique called Diffuse In Vivo Flow Cytometry (DiFC) to then systemically track these LPMs in real time and paired it with more conventional techniques like flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry to initially confirm uptake of C12-200 encapsulated siRNA-Cy5.5 (siRNA-Cy5.5 (C12-200)) into LPMs, and further track them from the peritoneal cavity to the lungs in a mouse model of AM depletion incited by intranasally administered clodronate liposomes. Also, we stained for LPM-specific marker zinc-finger transcription factor GATA6 in harvested cells from biofluids like broncho-alveolar lavage as well as whole blood to probe for Cy5.5-labeled LPMs in the lungs as well as in systemic circulation. Results: siRNA-Cy5.5 (C12-200) was robustly taken up by LPMs. Upon depletion of lung-resident AMs, these siRNA-Cy5.5 (C12-200) labeled LPMs rapidly migrated to the lungs via systemic circulation within 12-24 h. DiFC results showed that these LPMs intravasated from the peritoneal cavity and utilized a systemic route of migration. Moreover, immunocytochemical staining of zinc-finger transcription factor GATA6 further confirmed results from DiFC and flow cytometry, confirming the presence of siRNA-Cy5.5 (C12-200)-labeled LPMs in the peritoneum, whole blood and BALF only upon clodronate-administration. Conclusion: Our results indicate for the very first time that selective tropism, migration, and infiltration of LPMs into extra-peritoneally located lungs was dependent on clodronate-mediated AM depletion. These results further open the possibility of therapeutically utilizing LPMs as delivery vehicles to carry nanoparticle-encapsulated oligonucleotide modalities to potentially address inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases and even cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaval Oza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 360 Huntington Avenue, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 675W Kendall St, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
| | - Fernando Ivich
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Joshua Pace
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Mikyung Yu
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 675W Kendall St, Cambridge, MA, USA 02142
| | - Mark Niedre
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Mansoor Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 360 Huntington Avenue, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
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8
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Zhang Z, Chen Y, Fu X, Chen L, Wang J, Zheng Q, Zhang S, Zhu X. Identification of PPARG as key gene to link coronary atherosclerosis disease and rheumatoid arthritis via microarray data analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300022. [PMID: 38573982 PMCID: PMC10994321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is the common pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis disease (CAD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although it is established that RA increases the risk of CAD, the underlining mechanism remained indefinite. This study seeks to explore the molecular mechanisms of RA linked CAD and identify potential target gene for early prediction of CAD in RA patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study utilized five raw datasets: GSE55235, GSE55457, GSE12021 for RA patients, and GSE42148 and GSE20680 for CAD patients. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to investigate common signaling pathways associated with RA and CAD. Then, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed on RA and CAD training datasets to identify gene modules related to single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) scores. Overlapping module genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were considered as co-susceptible genes for both diseases. Three hub genes were screened using a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis via Cytoscape plug-ins. The signaling pathways, immune infiltration, and transcription factors associated with these hub genes were analyzed to explore the underlying mechanism connecting both diseases. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were conducted to validate the expression of the key candidate gene, PPARG, in macrophages of synovial tissue and arterial walls from RA and CAD patients. RESULTS The study found that Fc-gamma receptor-mediated endocytosis is a common signaling pathway for both RA and CAD. A total of 25 genes were screened by WGCNA and DEGs, which are involved in inflammation-related ligand-receptor interactions, cytoskeleton, and endocytosis signaling pathways. The principal component analysis(PCA) and support vector machine (SVM) and receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrate that 25 DEGs can effectively distinguish RA and CAD groups from normal groups. Three hub genes TUBB2A, FKBP5, and PPARG were further identified by the Cytoscape software. Both FKBP5 and PPARG were downregulated in synovial tissue of RA and upregulated in the peripheral blood of CAD patients and differential mRNAexpreesion between normal and disease groups in both diseases were validated by qRT-PCR.Association of PPARG with monocyte was demonstrated across both training and validation datasets in CAD. PPARG expression is observed in control synovial epithelial cells and foamy macrophages of arterial walls, but was decreased in synovial epithelium of RA patients. Its expression in foamy macrophages of atherosclerotic vascular walls exhibits a positive correlation (r = 0.6276, p = 0.0002) with CD68. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that PPARG may serve as a potentially predictive marker for CAD in RA patients, which provides new insights into the molecular mechanism underling RA linked CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Pathology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Pathology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Fu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Pathology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linying Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Pathology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junlan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Pathology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingqiang Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Pathology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Pathology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Department of Bone Tumor, The Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Jeong B, Pahan K. IL-12p40 Monomer: A Potential Player in Macrophage Regulation. IMMUNO 2024; 4:77-90. [PMID: 38435456 PMCID: PMC10907066 DOI: 10.3390/immuno4010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are myeloid phagocytic leukocytes whose functions are to protect against infections, mediate T-cell responses, and maintain tissue homeostasis. IL-12p40 monomer is a cytokine that is largely produced by macrophages, and it has, for the longest time, been considered a largely non-functional cytokine of the IL-12 family. However, new research has emerged that demonstrates that this p40 monomer may play a bigger role in shaping immune environments. To shed light on the specific effects of p40 monomer on macrophages and their surrounding environment, we showed, through cell culture studies, qPCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence analyses, that the direct administration of recombinant p40 monomer to RAW 264.7 cells and primary lung macrophages stimulated the production of both pro-inflammatory (TNFα) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) signals. Accordingly, p40 monomer prevented the full pro-inflammatory effects of LPS, and the neutralization of p40 monomer by mAb a3-3a stimulated the pro-inflammatory effects of LPS. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the intranasal administration of p40 monomer upregulated TNFα+IL-10+ macrophages in vivo in the lungs of mice. Collectively, these results indicate an important immunoregulatory function of p40 monomer in the upregulation of both pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Jeong
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kalipada Pahan
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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10
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Kwon RY, Youn SM, Choi SJ. Oral Excretion Kinetics of Food-Additive Silicon Dioxides and Their Effect on In Vivo Macrophage Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1614. [PMID: 38338896 PMCID: PMC10855107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A food additive, silicon dioxide (SiO2) is commonly used in the food industry as an anti-caking agent. The presence of nanoparticles (NPs) in commercial food-grade SiO2 has raised concerns regarding their potential toxicity related to nano size. While recent studies have demonstrated the oral absorption and tissue distribution of food-additive SiO2 particles, limited information is available about their excretion behaviors and potential impact on macrophage activation. In this study, the excretion kinetics of two differently manufactured (fumed and precipitated) SiO2 particles were evaluated following repeated oral administration to rats for 28 d. The excretion fate of their intact particles, decomposed forms, or ionic forms was investigated in feces and urine, respectively. Monocyte uptake, Kupffer cell activation, and cytokine release were assessed after the oral administration of SiO2 particles. Additionally, their intracellular fates were determined in Raw 264.7 cells. The results revealed that the majority of SiO2 particles were not absorbed but directly excreted via feces in intact particle forms. Only a small portion of SiO2 was eliminated via urine, predominantly in the form of bioconverted silicic acid and slightly decomposed ionic forms. SiO2 particles were mainly present in particle forms inside cells, followed by ionic and silicic acid forms, indicating their slow conversion into silicic acid after cellular uptake. No effects of the manufacturing method were observed on excretion and fates. Moreover, no in vivo monocyte uptake, Kupffer cell polarization, or cytokine release were induced by orally administered SiO2 particles. These finding contribute to understanding the oral toxicokinetics of food-additive SiO2 and provide valuable insights into its potential toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soo-Jin Choi
- Division of Applied Food System, Major of Food Science & Technology, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, Republic of Korea; (R.-Y.K.); (S.-M.Y.)
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11
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Chen L, Mei W, Song J, Chen K, Ni W, Wang L, Li Z, Ge X, Su L, Jiang C, Liu B, Dai C. CD163 protein inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage transformation from M2 to M1 involved in disruption of the TWEAK-Fn14 interaction. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23223. [PMID: 38148798 PMCID: PMC10750081 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in regulating inflammation and innate immune responses, and their polarization into distinct phenotypes, such as M1 and M2, is involved in various diseases. However, the specific role of CD163, a scavenger receptor expressed by macrophages, in the transformation of M2 to M1 macrophages remains unclear. Here, dexamethasone-induced M2 macrophages were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce the transformation of M2 to M1 macrophages. We found that treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced the transformation of M2-like macrophages to an M1-like phenotype, as evidenced by increased mRNA levels of Il1b and Tnf, decreased mRNA levels of Cd206 and Il10, and increased TNF-α secretion. Knockdown of CD163 enhanced the phenotypic features of M1 macrophages, while treatment with recombinant CD163 protein (rmCD163) inhibited the LPS-induced M2-to-M1 transformation. Furthermore, LPS stimulation resulted in the activation of P38, ERK, JNK, and NF-κB P65 signaling pathways, and this activation was increased after CD163 knockdown and suppressed after rmCD163 treatment during macrophage transformation. Additionally, we observed that LPS treatment reduced the expression of CD163 in dexamethasone-induced M2 macrophages, leading to a decrease in the CD163-TWEAK complex and an increase in the interaction between TWEAK and Fn14. Overall, our findings suggest that rmCD163 can inhibit the LPS-induced transformation of M2 macrophages to M1 by disrupting the TWEAK-Fn14 interaction and modulating the MAPK-NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjian Chen
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Wanchun Mei
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Juan Song
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Kuncheng Chen
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Wei Ni
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Zhaokai Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ge
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Liuhang Su
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Chenlu Jiang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Binbin Liu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
| | - Cuilian Dai
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Jinshan Road 2999, Xiamen, 361015, China
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12
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Joo H, Min S, Cho SW. Advanced lung organoids for respiratory system and pulmonary disease modeling. J Tissue Eng 2024; 15:20417314241232502. [PMID: 38406820 PMCID: PMC10894554 DOI: 10.1177/20417314241232502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Amidst the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, respiratory system research has made remarkable progress, particularly focusing on infectious diseases. Lung organoid, a miniaturized structure recapitulating lung tissue, has gained global attention because of its advantages over other conventional models such as two-dimensional (2D) cell models and animal models. Nevertheless, lung organoids still face limitations concerning heterogeneity, complexity, and maturity compared to the native lung tissue. To address these limitations, researchers have employed co-culture methods with various cell types including endothelial cells, mesenchymal cells, and immune cells, and incorporated bioengineering platforms such as air-liquid interfaces, microfluidic chips, and functional hydrogels. These advancements have facilitated applications of lung organoids to studies of pulmonary diseases, providing insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatments. This review introduces recent progress in the production methods of lung organoids, strategies for improving maturity, functionality, and complexity of organoids, and their application in disease modeling, including respiratory infection and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyebin Joo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Min
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Wellems D, Hu Y, Jennings S, Wang G. Loss of CFTR function in macrophages alters the cell transcriptional program and delays lung resolution of inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1242381. [PMID: 38035088 PMCID: PMC10687418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1242381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CF Transmembrane-conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. The most severe pathologies of CF occur in the lung, manifesting as chronic bacterial infection, persistent neutrophilic inflammation, and mucopurulent airway obstruction. Despite increasing knowledge of the CF primary defect and the resulting clinical sequelae, the relationship between the CFTR loss of function and the neutrophilic inflammation remains incompletely understood. Here, we report that loss of CFTR function in macrophages causes extended lung inflammation. After intratracheal inoculation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mice with a macrophage-specific Cftr-knockout (Mac-CF) were able to mount an effective host defense to clear the bacterial infection. However, three days post-inoculation, Mac-CF lungs demonstrated significantly more neutrophil infiltration and higher levels of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that Mac-CF mice had a slower resolution of inflammation. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that absence of CFTR in the macrophages altered the cell transcriptional program, affecting the cell inflammatory and immune responses, antioxidant system, and mitochondrial respiration. Thus, loss of CFTR function in macrophages influences cell homeostasis, leading to a dysregulated cellular response to infection that may exacerbate CF lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guoshun Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
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14
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Mohammad-Rafiei F, Moadab F, Mahmoudi A, Navashenaq JG, Gheibihayat SM. Efferocytosis: a double-edged sword in microbial immunity. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:370. [PMID: 37925389 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03704-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Efferocytosis is characterized as the rapid and efficient process by which dying or dead cells are removed. This type of clearance is initiated via "find-me" signals, and then, carries on by "eat-me" and "don't-eat-me" ones. Efferocytosis has a critical role to play in tissue homeostasis and innate immunity. However, some evidence suggests it as a double-edged sword in microbial immunity. In other words, some pathogens have degraded efferocytosis by employing efferocytic mechanisms to bypass innate immune detection and promote infection, despite the function of this process for the control and clearance of pathogens. In this review, the efferocytosis mechanisms from the recognition of dying cells to phagocytic engulfment are initially presented, and then, its diverse roles in inflammation and immunity are highlighted. In this case, much focus is also laid on some bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum), Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), Influenza A virus (IAV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Leishmania, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohammad-Rafiei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moadab
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Ali Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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15
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Stockton JL, Khakhum N, Stevenson HL, Torres AG. Burkholderia pseudomallei BicA protein promotes pathogenicity in macrophages by regulating invasion, intracellular survival, and virulence. mSphere 2023; 8:e0037823. [PMID: 37768049 PMCID: PMC10597401 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00378-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bpm) is the causative agent of melioidosis disease. Bpm is a facultative intracellular pathogen with a complex life cycle inside host cells. Pathogenic success depends on a variety of virulence factors with one of the most critical being the type 6 secretion system (T6SS). Bpm uses the T6SS to move into neighboring cells, resulting in multinucleated giant cell (MNGC) formation, a strategy used to disseminate from cell to cell. Our prior study using a dual RNA-seq analysis to dissect T6SS-mediated virulence on intestinal epithelial cells identified BicA as a factor upregulated in a T6SS mutant. BicA regulates both type 3 secretion system (T3SS) and T6SSs; however, the extent of its involvement during disease progression is unclear. To fully dissect the role of BicA during systemic infection, we used two macrophage cell lines paired with a pulmonary in vivo challenge murine model. We found that ΔbicA has a distinct intracellular replication defect in both immortalized and primary macrophages, which begins as early as 1 h post-infection. This intracellular defect is linked with the lack of cell-to-cell dissemination and MNGC formation as well as a defect in T3SS expression. The in vitro phenotype translated in vivo as ΔbicA was attenuated in a pulmonary model of infection, demonstrating a distinct macrophage activation profile and a lack of pathological features present in the wild type. Overall, these results highlight the role of BicA in regulating intracellular virulence and demonstrate that specific regulation of secretion systems has a significant effect on host response and Bpm pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE Melioidosis is an understudied tropical disease that still results in ~50% fatalities in infected patients. It is caused by the Gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bpm). Bpm is an intracellular pathogen that disseminates from the infected cell to target organs, causing disseminated disease. The regulation of secretion systems involved in entry and cell-to-cell spread is poorly understood. In this work, we characterize the role of BicA as a regulator of secretion systems during infection of macrophages in vitro and in vivo. Understanding how these virulence factors are controlled will help us determine their influence on the host cells and define the macrophage responses associated with bacterial clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L. Stockton
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Nittaya Khakhum
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Heather L. Stevenson
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Alfredo G. Torres
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
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16
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Sun M, Zeng Z, Xu G, An S, Deng Z, Cheng R, Yao Y, Wu J, Hu H, Huang Q, Wu J. PROMOTING MITOCHONDRIAL DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM ATTENUATES SEPSIS-INDUCED ACUTE LUNG INJURY BY INHIBITING PROINFLAMMATORY POLARIZATION OF ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES. Shock 2023; 60:603-612. [PMID: 37647034 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by widespread pulmonary inflammation and immune response, in which proinflammatory polarization of alveolar macrophages (AMs) plays an important role. Mitochondria are the key intracellular signaling platforms regulating immune cell responses. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that the mitochondrial dynamics of macrophages are imbalanced in sepsis and severe ALI/ARDS. However, the functional significance of mitochondrial dynamics of AMs in septic ALI/ARDS remains largely unknown, and whether it regulates the polarized phenotype of AMs is also unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the mitochondrial dynamics of AMs are imbalanced, manifested by impaired mitochondrial fusion, increased fission and mitochondrial cristae remodeling, both in septic models and ARDS patients. However, suppressing excessive mitochondrial fission with Mdivi-1 or promoting mitochondrial fusion with PM1 to maintain mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium in AMs could inhibit the polarization of AMs into proinflammatory phenotype and attenuate sepsis-induced ALI. These data suggest that mitochondrial dynamic imbalance mediates altered polarization of AMs and exacerbates sepsis-induced ALI. This study provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms of sepsis-induced ALI, suggesting the possibility of identifying future drug targets from the perspective of mitochondrial dynamics in AMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhenhua Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Sheng An
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiya Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Yi Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jie Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Son Y, Kim BY, Kim M, Kim J, Kwon RJ, Kim K. Glucocorticoids Impair the 7α-Hydroxycholesterol-Enhanced Innate Immune Response. Immune Netw 2023; 23:e40. [PMID: 37970232 PMCID: PMC10643330 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids suppress the vascular inflammation that occurs under hypercholesterolemia, as demonstrated in an animal model fed a high-cholesterol diet. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects remain poorly understood. Because cholesterol is oxidized to form cholesterol oxides (oxysterols) that are capable of inducing inflammation, we investigated whether glucocorticoids affect the immune responses evoked by 7α-hydroxycholesterol (7αOHChol). The treatment of human THP-1 monocytic cells with dexamethasone (Dex) and prednisolone (Pdn) downregulated the expression of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as TLR6 and CD14, and diminished 7αOHChol-enhanced response to FSL-1, a TLR2/6 ligand, and lipopolysaccharide, which interacts with CD14 to initiate immune responses, as determined by the reduced secretion of IL-23 and CCL2, respectively. Glucocorticoids weakened the 7αOHChol-induced production of CCL2 and CCR5 ligands, which was accompanied by decreased migration of monocytic cells and CCR5-expressing Jurkat T cells. Treatment with Dex or Pdn also reduced the phosphorylation of the Akt-1 Src, ERK1/2, and p65 subunits. These results indicate that both Dex and Pdn impair the expression of PRRs and their downstream products, chemokine production, and phosphorylation of signaling molecules. Collectively, glucocorticoids suppress the innate immune response and activation of monocytic cells to an inflammatory phenotype enhanced or induced by 7αOHChol, which may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects in hypercholesterolemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghae Son
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Bo-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Miran Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jaesung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Ryuk Jun Kwon
- Family Medicine Clinic and Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Koanhoi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
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18
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Ramesh A, Deshpande N, Malik V, Nguyen A, Malhotra M, Debnath M, Brouillard A, Kulkarni A. Activatable Nanoreporters for Real-Time Tracking of Macrophage Phenotypic States Associated with Disease Progression. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300978. [PMID: 37317008 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of inflammatory diseases is characterized by identifying symptoms, biomarkers, and imaging. However, conventional techniques lack the sensitivities and specificities to detect disease early. Here, it is demonstrated that the detection of macrophage phenotypes, from inflammatory M1 to alternatively activated M2 macrophages, corresponding to the disease state can be used to predict the prognosis of various diseases. Activatable nanoreporters that can longitudinally detect the presence of the enzyme Arginase 1, a hallmark of M2 macrophages, and nitric oxide, a hallmark of M1 macrophages are engineered, in real-time. Specifically, an M2 nanoreporter enables the early imaging of the progression of breast cancer as predicted by selectively detecting M2 macrophages in tumors. The M1 nanoreporter enables real-time imaging of the subcutaneous inflammatory response that rises from a local lipopolysccharide (LPS) administration. Finally, the M1-M2 dual nanoreporter is evaluated in a muscle injury model, where an initial inflammatory response is monitored by imaging M1 macrophages at the site of inflammation, followed by a resolution phase monitored by the imaging of infiltrated M2 macrophages involved in matrix regeneration and wound healing. It is anticipated that this set of macrophage nanoreporters may be utilized for early diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring of inflammatory responses in various disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anujan Ramesh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Nilesh Deshpande
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Vaishali Malik
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Anh Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Mehak Malhotra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Maharshi Debnath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Anthony Brouillard
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Ashish Kulkarni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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19
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Muhammad B, Li H, Gu Y, Xue S, Gao Y, Xu Z, Fang X, Ding H, Wu F, Geng D, Niu H. IL-1β/IL-1R1 signaling is involved in the propagation of α-synuclein pathology of the gastrointestinal tract to the brain. J Neurochem 2023; 166:830-846. [PMID: 37434423 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the intraneuronal accumulation of misfolded alpha-synuclein (termed Lewy bodies) in dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra par compacta (SNc). It is assumed that the α-syn pathology is induced by gastrointestinal inflammation and then transfers to the brain by the gut-brain axis. Therefore, the relationship between gastrointestinal inflammation and α-syn pathology leading to PD remains to be investigated. In our study, rotenone (ROT) oral administration induces gastrointestinal tract (GIT) inflammation in mice. In addition, we used pseudorabies virus (PRV) for tracing studies and performed behavioral testing. We observed that ROT treatments enhance macrophage activation, inflammatory mediator expression, and α-syn pathology in the GIT 6-week post-treatment (P6). Moreover, pathological α-syn was localized with IL-1R1 positive neural cells in GIT. In line with these findings, we also find pS129-α-syn signals in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) and tyrosine hydroxylase in the nigral-striatum dynamically change from 3-week post-treatment (P3) to P6. Following that, pS129-α-syn was dominant in the enteric neural cell, DMV, and SNc, accompanied by microglial activation, and these phenotypes were absent in IL-1R1r/r mice. These data suggest that IL-1β/IL-1R1-dependent inflammation of GIT can induce α-syn pathology, which then propagates to the DMV and SNc, resulting in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Muhammad
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yunlu Gu
- Department of Neuroscience, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Senlin Xue
- Department of Post-Graduation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Department of Post-Graduation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Department of Post-Graduation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Fang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haohan Ding
- Department of Neuroscience, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Deqin Geng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haichen Niu
- Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Public Experimental Research Center of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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20
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Ahmad A. Corruptive Reprograming of Macrophages into Tumor-Associated Macrophages: The Transcriptional, Epigenetic and Metabolic Basis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4291. [PMID: 37686567 PMCID: PMC10487138 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an important place with regard to the growth and sustenance of tumor cells [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; ; Tel.: +974-44390984
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
- Department of BioEngineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, UP, India
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21
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Kang Y, Amoafo EB, Entsie P, Beatty GL, Liverani E. A role for platelets in metabolic reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1250982. [PMID: 37693009 PMCID: PMC10484008 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1250982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence and mortality are growing worldwide. With a lack of optimal treatments across many cancer types, there is an unmet need for the development of novel treatment strategies for cancer. One approach is to leverage the immune system for its ability to survey for cancer cells. However, cancer cells evolve to evade immune surveillance by establishing a tumor microenvironment (TME) that is marked by remarkable immune suppression. Macrophages are a predominant immune cell within the TME and have a major role in regulating tumor growth. In the TME, macrophages undergo metabolic reprogramming and differentiate into tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), which typically assume an immunosuppressive phenotype supportive of tumor growth. However, the plasticity of macrophage biology offers the possibility that macrophages may be promising therapeutic targets. Among the many determinants in the TME that may shape TAM biology, platelets can also contribute to cancer growth and to maintaining immune suppression. Platelets communicate with immune cells including macrophages through the secretion of immune mediators and cell-cell interaction. In other diseases, altering platelet secretion and cell-cell communication has been shown to reprogram macrophages and ameliorate inflammation. Thus, intervening on platelet-macrophage biology may be a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer. This review discusses our current understanding of the interaction between platelets and macrophages in the TME and details possible strategies for reprogramming macrophages into an anti-tumor phenotype for suppressing tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Human Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Emmanuel Boadi Amoafo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Human Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Philomena Entsie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Human Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Gregory L. Beatty
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Elisabetta Liverani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Human Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
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22
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Ung T, Rutledge NS, Weiss AM, Esser-Kahn AP, Deak P. Cell-targeted vaccines: implications for adaptive immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1221008. [PMID: 37662903 PMCID: PMC10468591 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1221008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in immunology and chemistry have facilitated advancements in targeted vaccine technology. Targeting specific cell types, tissue locations, or receptors can allow for modulation of the adaptive immune response to vaccines. This review provides an overview of cellular targets of vaccines, suggests methods of targeting and downstream effects on immune responses, and summarizes general trends in the literature. Understanding the relationships between vaccine targets and subsequent adaptive immune responses is critical for effective vaccine design. This knowledge could facilitate design of more effective, disease-specialized vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Ung
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nakisha S. Rutledge
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Adam M. Weiss
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Aaron P. Esser-Kahn
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Peter Deak
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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23
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Illingworth EJ, Maertens A, Sillé FCM. Transcriptomic Effects of Low-Dose Inorganic Arsenic Exposure on Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.26.550543. [PMID: 37546857 PMCID: PMC10402011 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.26.550543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Both tissue-resident macrophages and monocytes recruited from the bone marrow that transform into tissue-resident cells play critical roles in mediating homeostasis as well as in the pathology of inflammatory diseases. Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is the most common drinking water contaminant worldwide and represents a major public health concern. Several diseases that macrophages have implicated involvement in are caused by iAs exposure, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and increased risk of infectious disease. Therefore, understanding the effects of iAs exposure on macrophages can help us better grasp the full range of arsenic immunotoxicity and better design therapeutic targets for iAs-induced diseases particularly in exposed populations. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptome of low dose iAs-exposed male and female murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with either M0, M1, or M2 stimulation. We identified differentially expressed genes by iAs in a sex- and stimulation-dependent manner and used bioinformatics tools to predict protein-protein interactions, transcriptional regulatory networks, and associated biological processes. Overall, our data suggest that M1-stimulated, especially female-derived, BMDMs are most susceptible to iAs exposure. Most notably, we observed significant downregulation of major proinflammatory transcription factors, like IRF8, and its downstream targets, as well as genes encoding proteins involved in pattern recognition and antigen presentation, such as TLR7, TLR8, and H2-D1, potentially providing causal insight regarding arsenic's role in perturbing immune responses to infectious diseases. We also observed significant downregulation of genes involved in processes crucial to coordinating a proinflammatory response including leukocyte migration, differentiation, and cytokine and chemokine production and response. Finally, we discovered that 24 X-linked genes were dysregulated in iAs-exposed female stimulation groups compared to only 3 across the iAs-exposed male stimulation groups. These findings elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying the sex-differential iAs-associated immune-related disease risk.
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24
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Koncz G, Jenei V, Tóth M, Váradi E, Kardos B, Bácsi A, Mázló A. Damage-mediated macrophage polarization in sterile inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1169560. [PMID: 37465676 PMCID: PMC10351389 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1169560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the leading causes of death, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, dementia, neurodegenerative diseases, and many more, are associated with sterile inflammation, either as a cause or a consequence of these conditions. The ability to control the progression of inflammation toward tissue resolution before it becomes chronic holds significant clinical potential. During sterile inflammation, the initiation of inflammation occurs through damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in the absence of pathogen-associated molecules. Macrophages, which are primarily localized in the tissue, play a pivotal role in sensing DAMPs. Furthermore, macrophages can also detect and respond to resolution-associated molecular patterns (RAMPs) and specific pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) during sterile inflammation. Macrophages, being highly adaptable cells, are particularly influenced by changes in the microenvironment. In response to the tissue environment, monocytes, pro-inflammatory macrophages, and pro-resolution macrophages can modulate their differentiation state. Ultimately, DAMP and RAMP-primed macrophages, depending on the predominant subpopulation, regulate the balance between inflammatory and resolving processes. While sterile injury and pathogen-induced reactions may have distinct effects on macrophages, most studies have focused on macrophage responses induced by pathogens. In this review, which emphasizes available human data, we illustrate how macrophages sense these mediators by examining the expression of receptors for DAMPs, RAMPs, and SPMs. We also delve into the signaling pathways induced by DAMPs, RAMPs, and SPMs, which primarily contribute to the regulation of macrophage differentiation from a pro-inflammatory to a pro-resolution phenotype. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms behind the transition between macrophage subtypes can offer insights into manipulating the transition from inflammation to resolution in sterile inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Koncz
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Jenei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Márta Tóth
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eszter Váradi
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Eotvos Lorand Research Network, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School in Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Kardos
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Bácsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Allergology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anett Mázló
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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25
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Weil R, Loeb D. Breaking down the tumor immune infiltration within pediatric sarcomas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1187289. [PMID: 37424864 PMCID: PMC10324675 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1187289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies are a promising therapeutic option, yet for a variety of reasons, these treatments have achieved limited success against sarcomas. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) of sarcomas as well as lack of predictive biomarkers, decreased T-cell clonal frequency, and high expression of immunosuppressive infiltrating cells has thus far prevented major success using immunotherapies. By breaking down the TME into its individual components and understanding how the various cell types interact with each other as well as in the context of the complex immune microenvironment, can lead to effective therapeutic immunotherapy treatments, potentially improving outcomes for those with metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Weil
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - David Loeb
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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26
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Xu GX, Wei S, Yu C, Zhao SQ, Yang WJ, Feng YH, Pan C, Yang KX, Ma Y. Activation of Kupffer cells in NAFLD and NASH: mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1199519. [PMID: 37261074 PMCID: PMC10228659 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1199519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are emerging as the leading causes of liver disease worldwide. These conditions can lead to cirrhosis, liver cancer, liver failure, and other related ailments. At present, liver transplantation remains the sole treatment option for end-stage NASH, leading to a rapidly growing socioeconomic burden. Kupffer cells (KCs) are a dominant population of macrophages that reside in the liver, playing a crucial role in innate immunity. Their primary function includes phagocytosing exogenous substances, presenting antigens, and triggering immune responses. Moreover, they interact with other liver cells during the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and this crosstalk may either delay or exacerbate disease progression. Stimulation by endogenous signals triggers the activation of KCs, resulting in the expression of various inflammatory factors and chemokines, such as NLRP3, TNF-α, IL-1B, and IL-6, and contributing to the inflammatory cascade. In the past 5 years, significant advances have been made in understanding the biological properties and immune functions of KCs in NAFLD, including their interactions with tissue molecules, underlying molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, and relevant therapeutic interventions. Having a comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms and characteristics can have enormous potential in guiding future strategies for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yong Ma
- *Correspondence: Kun-Xing Yang, ; Yong Ma,
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27
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Yang M, Vanderwert E, Kimchi ET, Staveley-O'Carroll KF, Li G. The Important Roles of Natural Killer Cells in Liver Fibrosis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051391. [PMID: 37239062 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis accompanies the development of various chronic liver diseases and promotes their progression. It is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) and impaired ECM degradation. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major cellular source of ECM-producing myofibroblasts. If liver fibrosis is uncontrolled, it may lead to cirrhosis and even liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Natural killer (NK) cells are a key component of innate immunity and have miscellaneous roles in liver health and disease. Accumulating evidence shows that NK cells play dual roles in the development and progression of liver fibrosis, including profibrotic and anti-fibrotic functions. Regulating NK cells can suppress the activation of HSCs and improve their cytotoxicity against activated HSCs or myofibroblasts to reverse liver fibrosis. Cells such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) and molecules such as prostaglandin E receptor 3 (EP3) can regulate the cytotoxic function of NK cells. In addition, treatments such as alcohol dehydrogenase 3 (ADH3) inhibitors, microRNAs, natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) activators, and natural products can enhance NK cell function to inhibit liver fibrosis. In this review, we summarized the cellular and molecular factors that affect the interaction of NK cells with HSCs, as well as the treatments that regulate NK cell function against liver fibrosis. Despite a lot of information about NK cells and their interaction with HSCs, our current knowledge is still insufficient to explain the complex crosstalk between these cells and hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, Kupffer cells, B cells, and T cells, as well as thrombocytes, regarding the development and progression of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Ethan Vanderwert
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Eric T Kimchi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Kevin F Staveley-O'Carroll
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial VA Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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28
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Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs: Novel Regulators of Macrophage-Linked Intercellular Communication in Lung Cancer and Inflammatory Lung Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030536. [PMID: 36979471 PMCID: PMC10046066 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells and often classified as M1 macrophages (pro-inflammatory states) and M2 macrophages (anti-inflammatory states). Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles that range in diameter from 30 to 150 nm. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are abundant in exosomes and exosomal ncRNAs influence immune responses. Exosomal ncRNAs control macrophage-linked intercellular communication via their targets or signaling pathways, which can play positive or negative roles in lung cancer and inflammatory lung disorders, including acute lung injury (ALI), asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis. In lung cancer, exosomal ncRNAs mediated intercellular communication between lung tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), coordinating cancer proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, immune evasion, and therapy resistance. In inflammatory lung illnesses, exosomal ncRNAs mediate macrophage activation and inflammation to promote or inhibit lung damage. Furthermore, we also discussed the possible applications of exosomal ncRNA-based therapies for lung disorders.
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29
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Ruder AV, Temmerman L, van Dommelen JM, Nagenborg J, Lu C, Sluimer JC, Goossens P, Biessen EA. Culture density influences the functional phenotype of human macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1078591. [PMID: 36969194 PMCID: PMC10036771 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1078591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (MΦ) are commonly cultured in vitro as a model of their biology and functions in tissues. Recent evidence suggests MΦ to engage in quorum sensing, adapting their functions in response to cues about the proximity of neighboring cells. However, culture density is frequently overlooked in the standardization of culture protocols as well as the interpretation of results obtained in vitro. In this study, we investigated how the functional phenotype of MΦ was influenced by culture density. We assessed 10 core functions of human MΦ derived from the THP-1 cell line as well as primary monocyte-derived MΦ. THP-1 MΦ showed increasing phagocytic activity and proliferation with increasing density but decreasing lipid uptake, inflammasome activation, mitochondrial stress, and secretion of cytokines IL-10, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α. For THP-1 MΦ, the functional profile displayed a consistent trajectory with increasing density when exceeding a threshold (of 0.2 x 103 cells/mm2), as visualized by principal component analysis. Culture density was also found to affect monocyte-derived MΦ, with functional implications that were distinct from those observed in THP-1 MΦ, suggesting particular relevance of density effects for cell lines. With increasing density, monocyte-derived MΦ exhibited progressively increased phagocytosis, increased inflammasome activation, and decreased mitochondrial stress, whereas lipid uptake was unaffected. These different findings in THP-1 MΦ and monocyte-derived MΦ could be attributed to the colony-forming growth pattern of THP-1 MΦ. At the lowest density, the distance to the closest neighboring cells showed greater influence on THP-1 MΦ than monocyte-derived MΦ. In addition, functional differences between monocyte-derived MΦ from different donors could at least partly be attributed to differences in culture density. Our findings demonstrate the importance of culture density for MΦ function and demand for awareness of culture density when conducting and interpreting in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele V. Ruder
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (UMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Lieve Temmerman
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (UMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Joep M.A. van Dommelen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (UMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jan Nagenborg
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (UMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Chang Lu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (UMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Judith C. Sluimer
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (UMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Pieter Goossens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (UMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Erik A.L. Biessen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (UMC), Maastricht, Netherlands
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Erik A.L. Biessen,
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Wang X, Wang J, Zhang P, Zhang C, Wang W, Wu M, Xu W, Tao L, Li Z, Zhang Y. Cytotoxicity and Autophagy Induced by Ivermectin via AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway in RAW264.7 Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052201. [PMID: 36903447 PMCID: PMC10005495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread and excessive use of ivermectin (IVM) will not only cause serious environmental pollution, but will also affect metabolism of humans and other mammals that are exposed. IVM has the characteristics of being widely distributed and slowly metabolized, which will cause potential toxicity to the body. We focused on the metabolic pathway and mechanism of toxicity of IVM on RAW264.7 cells. Colony formation and LDH detection assay showed that IVM significantly inhibited the proliferation of and induced cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 cells. Intracellular biochemical analysis using Western blotting assay showed that LC3-B and Beclin-1 were upregulated and p62 was down-regulated. The combination of confocal fluorescence, calcein-AM/CoCl2, and fluorescence probe results showed that IVM could induce the opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore, reduce mitochondrial content, and increase lysosome content. In addition, we focused on induction of IVM in the autophagy signal pathway. The Western blotting results showed that IVM increased expression of p-AMPK and decreased p-mTOR and p-S6K expression in protein levels, indicating that IVM activated the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, IVM may inhibit cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Imaging, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong 261041, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Weiguo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Correspondence:
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Role of Nasal Fibroblasts in Airway Remodeling of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: The Modulating Functions Reexamined. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044017. [PMID: 36835423 PMCID: PMC9965487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial inflammatory disease of the nose and sinuses that affects more than 10% of the adult population worldwide. Currently, CRS is classified into endotypes according to the inflammatory response (Th1, Th2, and Th17) or the distribution of immune cells in the mucosa (eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic). CRS induces mucosal tissue remodeling. Extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, fibrin deposition, edema, immune cell infiltration, and angiogenesis are observed in the stromal region. Conversely, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), goblet cell hyperplasia, and increased epithelial permeability, hyperplasia, and metaplasia are found in the epithelium. Fibroblasts synthesize collagen and ECM, which create a structural skeleton of tissue and play an important role in the wound-healing process. This review discusses recent knowledge regarding the modulation of tissue remodeling by nasal fibroblasts in CRS.
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CD169 + Macrophages in Primary Breast Tumors Associate with Tertiary Lymphoid Structures, T regs and a Worse Prognosis for Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041262. [PMID: 36831605 PMCID: PMC9954705 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of CD169+ macrophages in the draining lymph nodes of cancer patients is, for unknown reasons, associated with a beneficial prognosis. We here investigated the prognostic impact of tumor-infiltrating CD169+ macrophages in primary tumors (PTs) and their spatial relation to tumor-infiltrating B and T cells. Using two breast cancer patient cohorts, we show that CD169+ macrophages were spatially associated with the presence of B and T cell tertiary lymphoid-like structures (TLLSs) in both PTs and lymph node metastases (LNMs). While co-infiltration of CD169+/TLLS in PTs correlated with a worse prognosis, the opposite was found when present in LNMs. RNA sequencing of breast tumors further confirmed that SIGLEC1 (CD169) expression was associated with mature tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS), and Treg and Breg signatures. We propose that the negative prognostic value related to CD169+ macrophages in PTs is a consequence of an immunosuppressive tumor environment rich in TLSs, Tregs and Bregs.
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Li S, Wang C, Tang YD, Qin L, Chen T, Wang S, Bai Y, Cai X, Wang S. Interaction between Porcine Alveolar Macrophage-Tang Cells and Streptococcus suis Strains of Different Virulence: Phagocytosis and Apoptosis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010160. [PMID: 36677452 PMCID: PMC9863715 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis is an important swine bacterial pathogen that activates macrophages to secrete inflammatory cytokines. Primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) are inconvenient to obtain, but it is unknown whether immortalized PAM-Tang cells can replace them as a better cell model for the study of the interaction between S. suis and macrophages. In this study, the phagocytic integrity, polarization, and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion of PAM-Tang cells were confirmed by live-cell imaging, electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and ELISA. Interestingly, the S. suis serotype 9 avirulent strain W7119 induced higher levels of adhesion and pro-inflammatory cytokines in PAM-Tang cells than the S. suis serotype 2 virulent strain 700794. Prolonged incubation with S. suis caused more cytotoxic cell damage, and the virulent strain induced higher levels of cytotoxicity to PAM-Tang cells. The virulent strain also induced higher levels of apoptosis in PAM-Tang cells, as shown by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. In addition, it is the first report of virulent and avirulent S. suis inducing PAM-Tang polarization towards pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and p53- and caspase-dependent apoptosis in PAMs. Taken together, this study contributes to a better understand of interactions between macrophages and S. suis isolates of different virulence, and confirms that PAM-Tang cells provide a long-term, renewable resource for investigating macrophage infections with bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yan-Dong Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lei Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shanghui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuanzhe Bai
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xuehui Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (S.W.)
| | - Shujie Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin 150069, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (S.W.)
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Sonny S, Yuan H, Chen S, Duncan MR, Chen P, Benny M, Young K, Park KK, Schmidt AF, Wu S. GSDMD deficiency ameliorates hyperoxia-induced BPD and ROP in neonatal mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:143. [PMID: 36599874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are among the most common morbidities affecting extremely premature infants who receive oxygen therapy. Many clinical studies indicate that BPD is associated with advanced ROP. However, the mechanistic link between hyperoxia, BPD, and ROP remains to be explored. Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a key executor of inflammasome-induced pyroptosis and inflammation. Inhibition of GSDMD has been shown to attenuate hyperoxia-induced BPD and brain injury in neonatal mice. The objective of this study was to further define the mechanistic roles of GSDMD in the pathogenesis of hyperoxia-induced BPD and ROP in mouse models. Here we show that global GSDMD knockout (GSDMD-KO) protects against hyperoxia-induced BPD by reducing macrophage infiltration, improving alveolarization and vascular development, and decreasing cell death. In addition, GSDMD deficiency prevented hyperoxia-induced ROP by reducing vasoobliteration and neovascularization, improving thinning of multiple retinal tissue layers, and decreasing microglial activation. RNA sequencing analyses of lungs and retinas showed that similar genes, including those from inflammatory, cell death, tissue remodeling, and tissue and vascular developmental signaling pathways, were induced by hyperoxia and impacted by GSDMD-KO in both models. These data highlight the importance of GSDMD in the pathogenesis of BPD and ROP and suggest that targeting GSDMD may be beneficial in preventing and treating BPD and ROP in premature infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Sonny
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Huijun Yuan
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Shaoyi Chen
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Matthew R Duncan
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Pingping Chen
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Merline Benny
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Karen Young
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Kevin K Park
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Augusto F Schmidt
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Shu Wu
- Neonatology and Batchelor Children Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10thAve, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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Molaaghaee‐Rouzbahani S, Asri N, Jahani‐Sherafat S, Amani D, Masotti A, Baghaei K, Yadegar A, Mirjalali H, Rostami‐Nejad M. The modulation of macrophage subsets in celiac disease pathogenesis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e741. [PMID: 36444633 PMCID: PMC9667199 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND So far, limited studies have focused on the role of Macrophages (MQs) in the development or progression of celiac disease (CD). Researchers believe that increasing knowledge about the function of MQs in inflammatory disorders plays a critical role in finding a new treatment for these kinds of diseases. MAIN BODY CD is a permanent autoimmune intestinal disorder triggered by gluten exposure in predisposed individuals. This disorder happens due to the loss of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity characterized by dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses. MQs are known as key players of the innate immune system that link innate and adaptive immunity. MQs of human intestinal lamina propria participate in maintaining tissue homeostasis, and also intestinal inflammation development. Previous studies suggested that gliadin triggers a proinflammatory phenotype (M1 MQ) in human primary MQs. Moreover, M2-related immunosuppressive mediators are also present in CD. In fact, CD patients present an impaired transition from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory responses due to inappropriate responses to gliadin peptides. CONCLUSION The M1/M2 MQs polarization balancing regulators can be considered novel therapeutic targets for celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nastaran Asri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Somayeh Jahani‐Sherafat
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Davar Amani
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital‐IRCCSResearch LaboratoriesRomeItaly
| | - Kaveh Baghaei
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hamed Mirjalali
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Rostami‐Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Chen YL, Lowery AKT, Lin S, Walker AM, Chen KHE. Tumor cell-derived asymmetric dimethylarginine regulates macrophage functions and polarization. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:351. [PMID: 36376929 PMCID: PMC9664648 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), which is significantly elevated in the plasma of cancer patients, is formed via intracellular recycling of methylated proteins and serves as a precursor for resynthesis of arginine. However, the cause of ADMA elevation in cancers and its impact on the regulation of tumor immunity is not known. METHODS Three mouse breast cell lines (normal breast epithelial HC11, breast cancer EMT6 and triple negative breast cancer 4T1) and their equivalent 3D stem cell culture were used to analyze the secretion of ADMA using ELISA and their responses to ADMA. Bone marrow-derived macrophages and/or RAW264.7 cells were used to determine the impact of increased extracellular ADMA on macrophage-tumor interactions. Gene/protein expression was analyzed through RNAseq, qPCR and flow cytometry. Protein functional analyses were conducted via fluorescent imaging (arginine uptake, tumor phagocytosis) and enzymatic assay (arginase activity). Cell viability was measured via MTS assay and/or direct cell counting using Countess III FL system. RESULTS For macrophages, ADMA impaired proliferation and phagocytosis of tumor cells, and even caused death in cultures incubated without arginine. ADMA also led to an unusual macrophage phenotype, with increased expression of arginase, cd163 and cd206 but decreased expression of il10 and dectin-1. In contrast to the severely negative impacts on macrophages, ADMA had relatively minor effects on proliferation and survival of mouse normal epithelial HC11 cells, mouse breast cancer EMT6 and 4T1 cells, but there was increased expression of the mesenchymal markers, vimentin and snail2, and decreased expression of the epithelial marker, mucin-1 in EMT6 cells. When tumor cells were co-cultured ex vivo with tumor antigen in vivo-primed splenocytes, the tumor cells secreted more ADMA and there were alterations in the tumor cell arginine metabolic landscape, including increased expression of genes involved in arginine uptake, metabolism and methylation, and decreased expression of a gene that is responsible for arginine demethylation. Additionally, interferon-gamma, a cytokine involved in immune challenge, increased secretion of ADMA in tumor cells, a process attenuated by an autophagy inhibitor. CONCLUSION Our results suggest initial immune attack promotes autophagy in tumor cells, which then secrete ADMA to manipulate macrophage polarization favoring tumor tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - AKaychia T Lowery
- Division of Mathematics and Sciences, Delta State University, 38733, Cleveland, MS, USA
| | - Samuel Lin
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 92521, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Ameae M Walker
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 92521, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Kuan-Hui E Chen
- Division of Mathematics and Sciences, Delta State University, 38733, Cleveland, MS, USA.
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 92521, Riverside, CA, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, 79409, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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Tizazu AM, Mengist HM, Demeke G. Aging, inflammaging and immunosenescence as risk factors of severe COVID-19. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2022; 19:53. [PMID: 36369012 PMCID: PMC9650172 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infectious disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is characterized by having a heterogeneous disease course, ranging from asymptomatic and mild symptoms to more severe and critical cases. In most cases the severity of COVID-19 is related to host factors, especially deregulation of the immune response in patients. Even if COVID-19 indiscriminately affects individuals of different age group, ethnicity and economic status; most severe cases and disproportional mortality occur in elderly individuals. This point out that aging is one risk factor for unfavourable clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients. The biology of aging is a complex process; Aging can alter the structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs resulting in impaired response to stress. Alongside with other systems, the immune system is also affected with the aging process. Immunosenescence is an age associated change in the immune system that affects the overall response to immunological challenges in the elderly. Similarly, apart from the normal inflammatory process, aging is associated with a low grade, sterile, chronic inflammation which is termed as inflammaging. We hypothesized that inflammaging and immunosenescence could play an important role in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and poor recovery from COVID-19 in elderly individuals. This review summarizes the changes in the immune system with age and how these changes play part in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and clinical outcome of COVID-19 which could add to the understanding of age associated targeted immunotherapy in the elderly.
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Stergioti EM, Manolakou T, Boumpas DT, Banos A. Antiviral Innate Immune Responses in Autoimmunity: Receptors, Pathways, and Therapeutic Targeting. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2820. [PMID: 36359340 PMCID: PMC9687478 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune receptors sense nucleic acids derived from viral pathogens or self-constituents and initiate an immune response, which involves, among other things, the secretion of cytokines including interferon (IFN) and the activation of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). This robust and well-coordinated immune response is mediated by the innate immune cells and is critical to preserving and restoring homeostasis. Like an antiviral response, during an autoimmune disease, aberrations of immune tolerance promote inflammatory responses to self-components, such as nucleic acids and immune complexes (ICs), leading to the secretion of cytokines, inflammation, and tissue damage. The aberrant immune response within the inflammatory milieu of the autoimmune diseases may lead to defective viral responses, predispose to autoimmunity, or precipitate a flare of an existing autoimmune disease. Herein, we review the literature on the crosstalk between innate antiviral immune responses and autoimmune responses and discuss the pitfalls and challenges regarding the therapeutic targeting of the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Maria Stergioti
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Manolakou
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T. Boumpas
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 124 62 Athens, Greece
| | - Aggelos Banos
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
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Sterling KG, Dodd GK, Alhamdi S, Asimenios PG, Dagda RK, De Meirleir KL, Hudig D, Lombardi VC. Mucosal Immunity and the Gut-Microbiota-Brain-Axis in Neuroimmune Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13328. [PMID: 36362150 PMCID: PMC9655506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have opened the door to a wellspring of information regarding the composition of the gut microbiota. Leveraging NGS technology, early metagenomic studies revealed that several diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, autism, and myalgic encephalomyelitis, are characterized by alterations in the diversity of gut-associated microbes. More recently, interest has shifted toward understanding how these microbes impact their host, with a special emphasis on their interactions with the brain. Such interactions typically occur either systemically, through the production of small molecules in the gut that are released into circulation, or through signaling via the vagus nerves which directly connect the enteric nervous system to the central nervous system. Collectively, this system of communication is now commonly referred to as the gut-microbiota-brain axis. While equally important, little attention has focused on the causes of the alterations in the composition of gut microbiota. Although several factors can contribute, mucosal immunity plays a significant role in shaping the microbiota in both healthy individuals and in association with several diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of the components of mucosal immunity that impact the gut microbiota and then discuss how altered immunological conditions may shape the gut microbiota and consequently affect neuroimmune diseases, using a select group of common neuroimmune diseases as examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Griffin Kutler Dodd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Shatha Alhamdi
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialist Children’s Hospital, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ruben K. Dagda
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | | | - Dorothy Hudig
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Vincent C. Lombardi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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Khurana A, Navik U, Allawadhi P, Yadav P, Weiskirchen R. Spotlight on liver macrophages for halting liver disease progression and injury. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:707-719. [PMID: 36202756 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2133699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past two decades, understanding of hepatic macrophage biology has provided astounding details of their role in the progression and regression of liver diseases. The hepatic macrophages constitute resident macrophages, Kupffer cells, and circulating bone marrow monocyte-derived macrophages, which play a diverse role in liver injury and repair. Imbalance in the macrophage population leads to pathological consequences and is responsible for the initiation and progression of acute and chronic liver injuries. Further, distinct populations of hepatic macrophages and their high heterogeneity make their complex role enigmatic. The unique features of distinct phenotypes of macrophages have provided novel biomarkers for defining the stages of liver diseases. The distinct mechanisms of hepatic macrophages polarization and recruitment have been at the fore front of research. In addition, the secretome of hepatic macrophages and their immune regulation has provided clinically relevant therapeutic targets. AREAS COVERED Herein we have highlighted the current understanding in the area of hepatic macrophages, and their role in the progression of liver injury. EXPERT OPINION It is essential to ascertain the physiological and pathological role of evolutionarily conserved distinct macrophage phenotypes in different liver diseases before viable approaches may see a clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Khurana
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda - 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Prince Allawadhi
- Department of Pharmacy, Vaish Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (VIPER), Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences (Pt. B. D. S. UHS), Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Poonam Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda - 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
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Halimani N, Nesterchuk M, Andreichenko IN, Tsitrina AA, Elchaninov A, Lokhonina A, Fatkhudinov T, Dashenkova NO, Brezgina V, Zatsepin TS, Mikaelyan AS, Kotelevtsev YV. Phenotypic Alteration of BMDM In Vitro Using Small Interfering RNA. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162498. [PMID: 36010574 PMCID: PMC9406732 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous macrophage transfer is an emerging platform for cell therapy. It is anticipated that conventional macrophage reprogramming based on ex vivo polarization using cytokines and ligands of TLRs may enhance the therapeutic effect. We describe an alternative approach based on small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of selected molecular cues of macrophage polarization, namely EGR2, IRF3, IRF5, and TLR4 in Raw264.7 monocyte/macrophage cell line and mouse-bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). The impact of IRF5 knockdown was most pronounced, curtailing the expression of other inflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and NOS2, especially in M1-polarized macrophages. Contrary to IRF5, EGR2 knockdown potentiated M1-associated markers while altogether abolishing M2 marker expression, which is indicative of the principal role of EGR2 in the maintenance of alternative phenotypes. IRF3 knockdown suppressed M1 polarization but upregulated Arg 1, a canonical marker of alternative polarization in M1 macrophages. As anticipated, the knockdown of TLR4 also attenuated the M1 phenotype but, akin to IRF3, significantly induced Arginase 1 in M0 and M1, driving the phenotype towards M2. This study validates RNAi as a viable option for the alteration and maintenance of macrophage phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Halimani
- Vladimir Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation and Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143025, Russia
- Correspondence: (N.H.); (Y.V.K.)
| | - Mikhail Nesterchuk
- Vladimir Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation and Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143025, Russia
| | - Irina N. Andreichenko
- Vladimir Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation and Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143025, Russia
| | - Alexandra A. Tsitrina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Andrey Elchaninov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov, Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Department of Histology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, 1 Ostrovitianov Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Anastasia Lokhonina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov, Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Department of Histology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, 1 Ostrovitianov Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia
| | - Nataliya O. Dashenkova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Vera Brezgina
- Vladimir Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation and Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143025, Russia
| | - Timofei S. Zatsepin
- Vladimir Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation and Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143025, Russia
| | - Arsen S. Mikaelyan
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Street, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Yuri V. Kotelevtsev
- Vladimir Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation and Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 143025, Russia
- Correspondence: (N.H.); (Y.V.K.)
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Thalla DG, Rajwar AC, Laurent AM, Becher JE, Kainka L, Lautenschläger F. Extracellular vimentin is expressed at the rear of activated macrophage-like cells: Potential role in enhancement of migration and phagocytosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:891281. [PMID: 35923851 PMCID: PMC9340215 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.891281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have a vital role in the immune system through elimination of cell debris and microorganisms by phagocytosis. The activation of macrophages by tumour necrosis factor-α induces expression of extracellular cell-surface vimentin and promotes release of this vimentin into the extracellular environment. Vimentin is a cytoskeletal protein that is primarily located in the cytoplasm of cells. However, under circumstances like injury, stress, senescence and activation, vimentin can be expressed on the extracellular cell surface, or it can be released into the extracellular space. The characteristics of this extracellular vimentin, and its implications for the functional role of macrophages and the mechanism of secretion remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that vimentin is released mainly from the back of macrophage-like cells. This polarisation is strongly enhanced upon macrophage activation. One-dimensional patterned lines showed that extracellular cell-surface vimentin is localised primarily at the back of activated macrophage-like cells. Through two-dimensional migration and phagocytosis assays, we show that this extracellular vimentin enhances migration and phagocytosis of macrophage-like cells. We further show that this extracellular vimentin forms agglomerates on the cell surface, in contrast to its intracellular filamentous form, and that it is released into the extracellular space in the form of small fragments. Taken together, we provide new insights into the release of extracellular cell-surface vimentin and its implications for macrophage functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lucina Kainka
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Franziska Lautenschläger
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Centre for Biophysics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- *Correspondence: Franziska Lautenschläger,
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Bauer A, Frascaroli G, Walther P. Megapinosomes and homologous structures in hematopoietic cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 158:253-260. [PMID: 35829814 PMCID: PMC9399034 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Megapinosomes are endocytic organelles found in human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) monocyte-derived M macrophages. They are large (several microns) and have a complex internal structure that is connected with the cytosol and consists of interconnected knots and concave bridges with sizes in the range of 100 nm. We called this structure trabecular meshwork. The luminal part of the megapinosome can be connected with luminal tubules and cisterns that form the megapinosome complex. The structures are especially well visible in scanning electron tomography when macrophages are prepared by high-pressure freezing and freeze substitution. Our research received a new impulse after studying the literature on hematopoietic cells, where very similar, most likely homologous, structures have been published in peritoneal macrophages as well as in megakaryocytes and blood platelets. In platelets, they serve as membrane storage that is used for structural changes of platelets during activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bauer
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Giada Frascaroli
- HPI, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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Čekić N, Grgić A, Kokot A, Mujkić R, Šnajder Mujkić D, Bijelić N, Sablić M. Influence of Maternal Diet and Intergenerational Change in Diet Type on Ovarian and Adipose Tissue Morphology in Female Rat Offspring. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:854. [PMID: 35888573 PMCID: PMC9318591 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A high-fat diet causes inflammation in the organism and many metabolic disorders. Adipose tissue secretes adipokines that affect the function of many organs. The health status of the mother before and during pregnancy affects the health of the offspring. The aim of this study was to determine how the type of maternal diet and the change in the type of diet in the offspring affects the histological characteristics of the ovaries and subcutaneous and perigonadal adipose tissue in female rat offspring. Materials and Methods: Ten female rats were divided into two groups. One group was fed standard laboratory chow, and the other was fed a high-fat diet and mated with a male of the same breed. The offspring of both groups of dams were divided into four subgroups with different feeding protocols. At 22 weeks of age, the offspring were sacrificed. Ovaries and subcutaneous and perigonadal adipose tissue were isolated. In the ovaries, the presence of cystic formations was investigated. Histomorphometric analysis was performed in two types of adipose tissue. Results: The weight of the ovaries of the offspring of mothers fed a high-fat diet was significantly higher than that of the offspring of mothers fed standard laboratory diets. Cystic formations were found in the ovaries of the offspring of mothers fed a high-fat diet. In subcutaneous adipose tissue, the percentage of small-sized adipocytes was significantly higher in the offspring of mothers fed standard laboratory diets. There were no significant differences in adipocyte surface area and adipocyte number between groups. Conclusion: Maternal diet influences the morphology of the ovaries and adipose tissue of the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad Čekić
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.Č.); (D.Š.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Histology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
- Department of Surgery, National Memorial Hospital Vukovar, 32000 Vukovar, Croatia
| | - Anđela Grgić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Histology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Antonio Kokot
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.Č.); (D.Š.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Robert Mujkić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Histology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Darija Šnajder Mujkić
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.Č.); (D.Š.M.); (M.S.)
- Clinical Institute of Nuclear Medicine, and Radiation Protection, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nikola Bijelić
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Marko Sablić
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.Č.); (D.Š.M.); (M.S.)
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Lyadova I, Vasiliev A. Macrophages derived from pluripotent stem cells: prospective applications and research gaps. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:96. [PMID: 35725499 PMCID: PMC9207879 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00824-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a valuable cell source able to give rise to different cell types of the body. Among the various pathways of iPSC differentiation, the differentiation into macrophages is a recently developed and rapidly growing technique. Macrophages play a key role in the control of host homeostasis. Their dysfunction underlies many diseases, including hereditary, infectious, oncological, metabolic and other disorders. Targeting macrophage activity and developing macrophage-based cell therapy represent promising tools for the treatment of many pathological conditions. Macrophages generated from human iPSCs (iMphs) provide great opportunities in these areas. The generation of iMphs is based on a step-wise differentiation of iPSCs into mesoderm, hematopoietic progenitors, myeloid monocyte-like cells and macrophages. The technique allows to obtain standardizable populations of human macrophages from any individual, scale up macrophage production and introduce genetic modifications, which gives significant advantages over the standard source of human macrophages, monocyte-derived macrophages. The spectrum of iMph applications is rapidly growing. iMphs have been successfully used to model hereditary diseases and macrophage-pathogen interactions, as well as to test drugs. iMph use for cell therapy is another promising and rapidly developing area of research. The principles and the details of iMph generation have recently been reviewed. This review systemizes current and prospective iMph applications and discusses the problem of iMph safety and other issues that need to be explored before iMphs become clinically applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lyadova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrei Vasiliev
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
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The Role of Interferon Regulatory Factors in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. GASTROENTEROLOGY INSIGHTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/gastroent13020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common chronic liver disease with many metabolic comorbidities, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an advanced form of NAFLD, accompanies the progression of hepatic steatosis, inflammation, cell death, and varying degree of liver fibrosis. Interferons (IFNs) have been shown to play important roles in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NASH. Their regulating transcriptional factors such as interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) can regulate IFN expression, as well as genes involved in macrophage polarization, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and advanced liver disease. In this review, the roles of IRF-involved signaling pathways in hepatic inflammation, insulin resistance, and immune cell activation are reviewed. IRFs such as IRF1 and IRF4 are also involved in the polarization of macrophages that contribute to critical roles in NAFLD or NASH pathogenesis. In addition, IRFs have been shown to be regulated by treatments including microRNAs, PPAR modulators, anti-inflammatory agents, and TLR agonists or antagonists. Modulating IRF-mediated factors through these treatments in chronic liver disease can ameliorate the progression of NAFLD to NASH. Furthermore, adenoviruses and CRISPR activation plasmids can also be applied to regulate IRF-mediated effects in chronic liver disease. Pre-clinical and clinical trials for evaluating IRF regulators in NAFLD treatment are essential in the future direction.
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Lučiūnaitė A, Dalgėdienė I, Žilionis R, Mašalaitė K, Norkienė M, Šinkūnas A, Gedvilaitė A, Kučinskaitė-Kodzė I, Žvirblienė A. Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome by Virus-Like Particles of Human Polyomaviruses in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:831815. [PMID: 35355981 PMCID: PMC8959312 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.831815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral antigens can activate phagocytes, inducing inflammation, but the mechanisms are barely explored. The aim of this study is to investigate how viral oligomeric proteins of different structures induce inflammatory response in macrophages. Human THP-1 cell line was used to prepare macrophages that were treated with filamentous nucleocapsid-like particles (NLPs) of paramyxoviruses and spherical virus-like particles (VLPs) of human polyomaviruses. The effects of viral proteins on cell viability, pro-inflammatory cytokines’ production, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation were investigated. Filamentous NLPs did not induce inflammation while spherical VLPs mediated inflammatory response followed by NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Inhibitors of cathepsins and K+ efflux decreased IL-1β release and cell death, indicating a complex inflammasome activation process. A similar activation pattern was observed in primary human macrophages. Single-cell RNAseq analysis of THP-1 cells revealed several cell activation states different in inflammation-related genes. This study provides new insights into the interaction of viral proteins with immune cells and suggests that structural properties of oligomeric proteins may define cell activation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asta Lučiūnaitė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Indrė Dalgėdienė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rapolas Žilionis
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.,R&D Department, Droplet Genomics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Mašalaitė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Milda Norkienė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Alma Gedvilaitė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Aurelija Žvirblienė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Iftikhar R, Penrose HM, King AN, Kim Y, Ruiz E, Kandil E, Machado HL, Savkovic SD. FOXO3 Expression in Macrophages Is Lowered by a High-Fat Diet and Regulates Colonic Inflammation and Tumorigenesis. Metabolites 2022; 12:250. [PMID: 35323693 PMCID: PMC8949544 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, characterized by augmented inflammation and tumorigenesis, is linked to genetic predispositions, such as FOXO3 polymorphisms. As obesity is associated with aberrant macrophages infiltrating different tissues, including the colon, we aimed to identify FOXO3-dependent transcriptomic changes in macrophages that drive obesity-mediated colonic inflammation and tumorigenesis. We found that in mouse colon, high-fat-diet-(HFD)-related obesity led to diminished FOXO3 levels and increased macrophages. Transcriptomic analysis of mouse peritoneal FOXO3-deficient macrophages showed significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs; FDR < 0.05) similar to HFD obese colons. These DEG-related pathways, linked to mouse colonic inflammation and tumorigenesis, were similar to those in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and human colon cancer. Additionally, we identified a specific transcriptional signature for the macrophage-FOXO3 axis (MAC-FOXO382), which separated the transcriptome of affected tissue from control in both IBD (p = 5.2 × 10−8 and colon cancer (p = 1.9 × 10−11), revealing its significance in human colonic pathobiologies. Further, we identified (heatmap) and validated (qPCR) DEGs specific to FOXO3-deficient macrophages with established roles both in IBD and colon cancer (IL-1B, CXCR2, S100A8, S100A9, and TREM1) and those with unexamined roles in these colonic pathobiologies (STRA6, SERPINH1, LAMB1, NFE2L3, OLR1, DNAJC28 and VSIG10). These findings establish an important understanding of how HFD obesity and related metabolites promote colonic pathobiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Iftikhar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70012, USA; (R.I.); (H.M.P.); (A.N.K.); (Y.K.)
| | - Harrison M. Penrose
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70012, USA; (R.I.); (H.M.P.); (A.N.K.); (Y.K.)
| | - Angelle N. King
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70012, USA; (R.I.); (H.M.P.); (A.N.K.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yunah Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70012, USA; (R.I.); (H.M.P.); (A.N.K.); (Y.K.)
| | - Emmanuelle Ruiz
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70012, USA; (E.R.); (E.K.)
| | - Emad Kandil
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70012, USA; (E.R.); (E.K.)
| | - Heather L. Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70012, USA;
| | - Suzana D. Savkovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70012, USA; (R.I.); (H.M.P.); (A.N.K.); (Y.K.)
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Han NR, Kim KC, Kim JS, Ko SG, Park HJ, Moon PD. The immune-enhancing effects of a mixture of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, Angelica gigas Nakai, and Trichosanthes Kirilowii (Maxim.) or its active constituent nodakenin. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114893. [PMID: 34875347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A mixture (SH003) of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge, Angelica gigas Nakai, and Trichosanthes Kirilowii (Maxim.) has beneficial effects against several carcinomas. There have been few reports on an immune-enhancing activity of SH003 and its active constituent nodakenin. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed at identifying the immune-enhancing effect of SH003 and nodakenin. MATERIALS AND METHODS The immune-enhancing effect was evaluated using RAW264.7 macrophages, mouse primary splenocytes, and a cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced immunosuppression murine model. RESULTS The results show that SH003 or nodakenin stimulated the production levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, IL-12, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and nitric oxide (NO) and the expression levels of iNOS in RAW264.7 macrophages. SH003 or nodakenin also enhanced NF-κB p65 activation in RAW264.7 macrophages. SH003 or nodakenin stimulated the production levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-2, TNF-α, and NO and the expression levels of iNOS in splenocytes. SH003 or nodakenin increased the splenic lymphocyte proliferation and splenic NK cell activity. In addition, SH003 or nodakenin increased the levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α in the serum and spleen of CP-treated mice, alleviating CP-induced immunosuppression. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results of this study show that SH003 improved immunosuppression through the activation of macrophages, splenocytes, and NK cells. These findings suggest that SH003 could be applied as a potential immunostimulatory agent for a variety of diseases caused or exacerbated by immunodeficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ra Han
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyeoung-Cheol Kim
- Majors in Plant Resource and Environment, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju-Sung Kim
- Majors in Plant Resource and Environment, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Department of Anatomy & Information Sciences, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Phil-Dong Moon
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Taslimi Y, Masoudzadeh N, Bahrami F, Rafati S. Cutaneous leishmaniasis: multiomics approaches to unravel the role of immune cells checkpoints. Expert Rev Proteomics 2022; 19:213-225. [PMID: 36191333 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2022.2131545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most frequent form of leishmaniases, associated with skin inflammation and ulceration. Understanding the interaction of different phagocytic cells in the recognition and uptake of different Leishmania species is critical for controlling the infection. Phagocytic cells have a pivotal role as professional antigen-presenting cells that bridge the innate and adaptive immunity and shape the outcome of the disease. AREAS COVERED Here we reviewed new technologies with high-throughput data collection capabilities along with systems biology approaches which are recently being used to decode the paradox of CL immunology. EXPERT OPINION We emphasized on the crosstalk between DC and T-cells while focusing on the immune checkpoints interactions between the human immune system and the Leishmania species. Further, we discussed omics technologies including bulk RNA sequencing, reverse transcriptase-multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (RT-MLPA), and proximity extension assay (PEA) in studies on human blood or tissue-driven samples from CL patients in which we have so far been involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Taslimi
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran Iran
| | - Nasrin Masoudzadeh
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran Iran
| | - Fariborz Bahrami
- Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Rafati
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran Iran
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