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Peterkova L, Trifonova D, Gattinger P, Focke-Tejkl M, Garib V, Magbulova N, Djambekova G, Zakhidova N, Ismatova M, Sekerel BE, Tuten Dal S, Tulaev M, Kundi M, Keller W, Karaulov A, Valenta R. The cytoskeletal protein profilin is an important allergen in saltwort ( Salsola kali). Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379833. [PMID: 38911871 PMCID: PMC11190152 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pollen from Salsola kali, i.e., saltwort, Russian thistle, is a major allergen source in the coastal regions of southern Europe, in Turkey, Central Asia, and Iran. S. kali-allergic patients mainly suffer from hay-fever (i.e., rhinitis and conjunctivitis), asthma, and allergic skin symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of individual S. kali allergen molecules. Sal k 1, Sal k 2, Sal k 3, Sal k 4, Sal k 5, and Sal k 6 were expressed in Escherichia coli as recombinant proteins containing a C-terminal hexahistidine tag and purified by nickel affinity chromatography. The purity of the recombinant allergens was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Their molecular weight was determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and their fold and secondary structure were studied by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Sera from clinically well-characterized S. kali-allergic patients were used for IgE reactivity and basophil activation experiments. S. kali allergen-specific IgE levels and IgE levels specific for the highly IgE cross-reactive profilin and the calcium-binding allergen from timothy grass pollen, Phl p 12 and Phl p 7, respectively, were measured by ImmunoCAP. The allergenic activity of natural S. kali pollen allergens was studied in basophil activation experiments. Recombinant S. kali allergens were folded when studied by CD analysis. The sum of recombinant allergen-specific IgE levels and allergen-extract-specific IgE levels was highly correlated. Sal k 1 and profilin, reactive with IgE from 64% and 49% of patients, respectively, were the most important allergens, whereas the other S. kali allergens were less frequently recognized. Specific IgE levels were highest for profilin. Of note, 37% of patients who were negative for Sal k 1 showed IgE reactivity to Phl p 12, emphasizing the importance of the ubiquitous cytoskeletal actin-binding protein, profilin, for the diagnosis of IgE sensitization in S. kali-allergic patients. rPhl p 12 and rSal k 4 showed equivalent IgE reactivity, and the clinical importance of profilin was underlined by the fact that profilin-monosensitized patients suffered from symptoms of respiratory allergy to saltwort. Accordingly, profilin should be included in the panel of allergen molecules for diagnosis and in molecular allergy vaccines for the treatment and prevention of S. kali allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Peterkova
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daria Trifonova
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pia Gattinger
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarete Focke-Tejkl
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Victoria Garib
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Nigora Magbulova
- International Center of Molecular Allergology, Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Gulnara Djambekova
- International Center of Molecular Allergology, Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | | | | | - Bulent Enis Sekerel
- Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Division, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Sevda Tuten Dal
- Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Division, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Mikhail Tulaev
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kundi
- Karl Landsteiner University, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Karl Landsteiner University, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- National Research Center, National Research Center Institute of Immunology (NRCI) Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia (FMBA), Moscow, Russia
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Schnabel CL, Jentsch MC, Lübke S, Kaiser-Thom S, Gerber V, Vrtala S, Huang HJ, Rhyner C, Wagner B, Hoffmann R, Volke D. Immunoproteomics reveal increased serum IgG3/5 binding to Dermatophagoides and yeast protein antigens in severe equine asthma in a preliminary study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1293684. [PMID: 38162673 PMCID: PMC10754955 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1293684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Severe equine asthma (SEA) is a common, chronic respiratory disease of horses characterized by hyperreactivity to hay dust which has many similarities to severe neutrophilic asthma in humans. SEA-provoking antigens have not been comprehensively characterized, but molds and mites have been suggested as relevant sources. Here, we identified relevant antigen candidates using immunoproteomics with IgG isotype-binding analyses. Methods Proteins from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting (2D immunoblots) resulting in a characteristic pattern of 440 spots. After serum incubation, antibody (Ig)-binding of all Ig (Pan-Ig) and IgG isotypes (type-2-associated IgG3/5, type-1-associated IgG4/7) was quantified per each spot and compared between asthmatic and healthy horses' sera (n=5 per group). Results Ig binding differences were detected in 30 spots. Pan-Ig binding was higher with asthmatics compared to healthy horses' sera on four spots, and IgG3/5 binding was higher on 18 spots. Small IgG4/7 binding differences were detected on 10 spots with higher binding with asthmatics' sera on four but higher binding with healthy horses' sera on six spots. Proteins from the spots with group differences including mite and yeast proteins were identified by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The latter likely originated from the feeding substrate of the Der p culture. Prioritized antigen candidates amongst the proteins identified were Der p 1, Der p 11, group 15 allergens, myosin heavy chain, and uncharacterized Der p proteins. Additionally, yeast enolases, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and heat shock proteins were prioritized. Eleven antigen candidates were tested for confirmation by ELISAs using the respective proteins separately. Differences in asthmatics vs. healthy horses' serum Ig binding to Der p 1, Der p 18, and three yeast enzymes (enolase, ADH, and PGK) confirmed these as promising antigens of immune responses in SEA. Discussion Antigens with relevance in SEA were newly identified by immunoproteomics, and yeast antigens were considered for SEA for the first time. Serum IgG3/5 binding to relevant antigens was increased in SEA and is a novel feature that points to increased type-2 responses in SEA but requires confirmation of the corresponding cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane L. Schnabel
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria-Christin Jentsch
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabrina Lübke
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, and Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah Kaiser-Thom
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine (ISME), Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vinzenz Gerber
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine (ISME), Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Vrtala
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Huey-Jy Huang
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudio Rhyner
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy, Research, and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Bettina Wagner
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy and Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniela Volke
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy and Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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González-Pérez R, Poza-Guedes P, Pineda F, Sánchez-Machín I. Advocacy of Precision Allergy Molecular Diagnosis in Decision Making for the Eligibility of Customized Allergen Immunotherapy. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9976-9984. [PMID: 38132469 PMCID: PMC10742397 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45120623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) with aeroallergens is the only disease-modifying treatment for patients with different allergic conditions. Despite the effectiveness of AIT having been proven in both randomized controlled trials and real-world studies, it remains underused in less than 10% of subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR) and/or asthma (A). We aimed to determine the current eligibility for house dust mite (HDM) AIT by means of a precision allergy molecular diagnosis (PAMD@) model in a selected cohort of youngsters with different allergic phenotypes according to the available evidence. A complex response to both HDM and storage mite allergens was depicted regardless of the subjects' basal atopic condition. No solely specific IgE-binding responses to Der p 1, Der p 2, and/or Der p 23 were found in the studied cohort. Despite the patients with A and atopic dermatitis showing significantly higher serum titers to six mite allergens than subjects with AR, no specific molecular profile was regarded as disease specific. Given the increasing complexity of specific IgE responses to the local prevailing aeroallergens, the identification and presence of such molecules are needed in commercially available AIT in the era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruperto González-Pérez
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (P.P.-G.); (I.S.-M.)
- Severe Asthma Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Paloma Poza-Guedes
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (P.P.-G.); (I.S.-M.)
- Severe Asthma Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Inmaculada Sánchez-Machín
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (P.P.-G.); (I.S.-M.)
- Allergen Immunotherapy Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
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Brazhnikov G, Smolnikov E, Litovkina A, Jiang T, Shatilov A, Tulaeva I, Tulaev M, Karaulov A, Poroshina A, Zhernov Y, Focke‐Tejkl M, Weber M, Akinfenwa O, Elisyutina O, Andreev S, Shilovskiy I, Shershakova N, Smirnov V, Fedenko E, Lepeshkova TS, Beltyukov EC, Naumova VV, Kundi M, Khaitov M, Wiedermann U, Valenta R, Campana R. Natural human Bet v 1-specific IgG antibodies recognize non-conformational epitopes whereas IgE reacts with conformational epitopes. Allergy 2023; 78:3136-3153. [PMID: 37701941 PMCID: PMC10952721 DOI: 10.1111/all.15865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature of epitopes on Bet v 1 recognized by natural IgG antibodies of birch pollen allergic patients and birch pollen-exposed but non-sensitized subjects has not been studied in detail. OBJECTIVE To investigate IgE and IgG recognition of Bet v 1 and to study the effects of natural Bet v 1-specific IgG antibodies on IgE recognition of Bet v 1 and Bet v 1-induced basophil activation. METHODS Sera from birch pollen allergic patients (BPA, n = 76), allergic patients without birch pollen allergy (NBPA, n = 40) and non-allergic individuals (NA, n = 48) were tested for IgE, IgG as well as IgG1 and IgG4 reactivity to folded recombinant Bet v 1, two unfolded recombinant Bet v 1 fragments comprising the N-terminal (F1) and C-terminal half of Bet v 1 (F2) and unfolded peptides spanning the corresponding sequences of Bet v 1 and the apple allergen Mal d 1 by ELISA or micro-array analysis. The ability of Bet v 1-specific serum antibodies from non-allergic subjects to inhibit allergic patients IgE or IgG binding to rBet v 1 or to unfolded Bet v 1-derivatives was assessed by competition ELISAs. Furthermore, the ability of serum antibodies from allergic and non-allergic subjects to modulate Bet v 1-induced basophil activation was investigated using rat basophilic leukaemia cells expressing the human FcεRI which had been loaded with IgE from BPA patients. RESULTS IgE antibodies from BPA patients react almost exclusively with conformational epitopes whereas IgG, IgG1 and IgG4 antibodies from BPA, NBPA and NA subjects recognize mainly unfolded and sequential epitopes. IgG competition studies show that IgG specific for unfolded/sequential Bet v 1 epitopes is not inhibited by folded Bet v 1 and hence the latter seem to represent cryptic epitopes. IgG reactivity to Bet v 1 peptides did not correlate with IgG reactivity to the corresponding Mal d 1 peptides and therefore does not seem to be a result of primary sensitization to PR10 allergen-containing food. Natural Bet v 1-specific IgG antibodies inhibited IgE binding to Bet v 1 only poorly and could even enhance Bet v 1-specific basophil activation. CONCLUSION IgE and IgG antibodies from BPA patients and birch pollen-exposed non-sensitized subjects recognize different epitopes. These findings explain why natural allergen-specific IgG do not protect against allergic symptoms and suggest that allergen-specific IgE and IgG have different clonal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgii Brazhnikov
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Institute for Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Evgenii Smolnikov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
- Department of Immunology, Institute of MedicineRUDN UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Alla Litovkina
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
- Department of Immunology, Institute of MedicineRUDN UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Tianchi Jiang
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Artem Shatilov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Inna Tulaeva
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergologyI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
| | - Mikhail Tulaev
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergologyI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
| | - Alina Poroshina
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Yury Zhernov
- F. Erismann Institute of Public HealthI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
| | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
| | - Milena Weber
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Oluwatoyin Akinfenwa
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Olga Elisyutina
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
- Department of Immunology, Institute of MedicineRUDN UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Sergey Andreev
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Igor Shilovskiy
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Nadezhda Shershakova
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Valeriy Smirnov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Elena Fedenko
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | | | - Evgeny Cronidovich Beltyukov
- Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and ImmunologyUral State Medical UniversityYekaterinburgRussia
| | - Veronika Victorovna Naumova
- Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and ImmunologyUral State Medical UniversityYekaterinburgRussia
| | - Michael Kundi
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Public HealthMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Musa Khaitov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Ursula Wiedermann
- Institute for Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergologyI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
| | - Raffaela Campana
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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Huang HJ, Sarzsinszky E, Vrtala S. House dust mite allergy: The importance of house dust mite allergens for diagnosis and immunotherapy. Mol Immunol 2023; 158:54-67. [PMID: 37119758 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
House dust mite (HDM) allergy belongs to the most important allergies and affects approximately 65-130 million people worldwide. Additionally, untreated HDM allergy may lead to the development of severe disease manifestations such as atopic dermatitis or asthma. Diagnosis and immunotherapy of HDM allergic patients are well established but are often hampered by the use of mite extracts that are of bad quality and lack important allergens. The use of individual allergens seems to be a promising alternative to natural allergen extracts, since they represent well-defined components that can easily be produced and quantified. However, a thorough characterization of the individual allergens is required to determine their clinical relevance and to identify those allergens that are required for correct diagnosis of HDM allergy and for successful immunotherapy. This review gives an update on the individual HDM allergens and their benefits for diagnosis and immunotherapy of HDM allergic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey-Jy Huang
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eszter Sarzsinszky
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Vrtala
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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6
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Figo DD, Cordeiro Macedo PR, Gadermaier G, Remuzgo C, Castro FFM, Kalil J, Galvão CES, Santos KS. IgE and IgG4 Epitopes of Dermatophagoides and Blomia Allergens before and after Sublingual Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044173. [PMID: 36835585 PMCID: PMC9958541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is used worldwide to treat house dust mites (HDM) allergy. Epitope specific immunotherapy with peptide vaccines is used far less, but it is of great interest in the treatment of allergic reactions, as it precludes the drawbacks of allergen extracts. The ideal peptide candidates would bind to IgG, blocking IgE-binding. To better elucidate IgE and IgG4 epitope profiles during SLIT, sequences of main allergens, Der p 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 23 and Blo t 5, 6, 12, 13, were included in a 15-mer peptide microarray and tested against pooled sera from 10 patients pre- and post-1-year SLIT. All allergens were recognized to some extent by at least one antibody isotype and peptide diversity was higher post-1-year SLIT for both antibodies. IgE recognition diversity varied among allergens and timepoints without a clear tendency. Der p 10, a minor allergen in temperate regions, was the molecule with more IgE-peptides and might be a major allergen in populations highly exposed to helminths and cockroaches, such as Brazil. SLIT-induced IgG4 epitopes were directed against several, but not all, IgE-binding regions. We selected a set of peptides that recognized only IgG4 or were able to induce increased ratios of IgG4:IgE after one year of treatment and might be potential targets for vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Danella Figo
- LIM-19, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, INCOR, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Rios Cordeiro Macedo
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Servico de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriele Gadermaier
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Cesar Remuzgo
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, INCOR, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Fábio Fernandes Morato Castro
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Servico de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Investigação em Imunologia (iii-INCT), Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Jorge Kalil
- LIM-19, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, INCOR, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Investigação em Imunologia (iii-INCT), Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Clovis Eduardo Santos Galvão
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Servico de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Keity Souza Santos
- LIM-19, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, INCOR, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Clinica Medica, Disciplina de Imunologia Clinica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Investigação em Imunologia (iii-INCT), Sao Paulo 05403-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Yuriev S, Rodinkova V, Mokin V, Varchuk I, Sharikadze O, Marushko Y, Halushko B, Kurchenko A. Molecular sensitization pattern to house dust mites is formed from the first years of life and includes group 1, 2, Der p 23, Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens. Clin Mol Allergy 2023; 21:1. [PMID: 36737770 PMCID: PMC9898923 DOI: 10.1186/s12948-022-00182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the process and nature of developing sensitivity to house dust mites (HDMs) remain not fully studied, our goal was to establish the pattern, nature and timeframe of house dust mite (HDM) sensitization development in patients in Ukraine as well as the period when treatment of such patients would be most effective. METHODS The data of the multiplex allergy test Alex2 was collected from 20,033 patients. To determine age specifics of sensitization, descriptive statistics were used. Bayesian Network analysis was used to build probabilistic patterns of individual sensitization. RESULTS Patients from Ukraine were most often sensitized to HDM allergens of group 1 (Der p 1, Der f 1) and group 2 (Der p 2, Der f 2) as well as to Der p 23 (55%). A considerable sensitivity to Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens was also observed. The overall nature of sensitization to HDM allergens among the population of Ukraine is formed within the first year of life. By this time, there is a pronounced sensitization to HDM allergens of groups 1 and 2 as well as to Der p 23. Significance of sensitization to Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens grows starting from the age of 3-6. Bayesian Network data analysis indicated the leading role of sensitization to Der p 1 and Der f 2. While developing the sensitivity to group 5 allergens, the leading role may belong to Der p 21 allergen. CONCLUSION The results obtained indicate the importance of determining the sensitization profile using the multi-component approach. A more detailed study of the optimal age for AIT prescription is required as the pattern of sensitization to HDMs is formed during the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhii Yuriev
- Medical Centre, DIVERO, Kiev, Ukraine ,grid.412081.eDepartment of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Bohomolets National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Victoria Rodinkova
- grid.446037.2Department of Pharmacy, National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, 56, Pirogov Street, Vinnytsia, 21018 Ukraine
| | - Vitalii Mokin
- grid.446046.40000 0000 9939 744XDepartment of System Analysis and Information Technologies, Vinnytsia National Technical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
| | - Ilona Varchuk
- grid.446046.40000 0000 9939 744XDepartment of System Analysis and Information Technologies, Vinnytsia National Technical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
| | - Olena Sharikadze
- Paediatric Department, Shupyk National Healthcare University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Yuriy Marushko
- Department of Pediatrics of Postgraduate Education, O.O. Bohomolets Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Bohdan Halushko
- Department of Pediatrics of Postgraduate Education, O.O. Bohomolets Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Andrii Kurchenko
- grid.412081.eDepartment of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Bohomolets National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine
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Liu Y, Zhao L, Wang J, Guo Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wu Z, Zhu M, Yang X, Xu P, Wu S, Gao Z, Sun JL. Serological analysis of allergic components of house dust mite provides more insight in epidemiological characteristics and clinical symptom development in North China. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1083755. [PMID: 37180108 PMCID: PMC10172571 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1083755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background House dust mite (HDM) is the most common airborne source causing complex allergy symptoms. There are geographic differences in the allergen molecule sensitization profiles. Serological testing with allergen components may provide more clues for diagnosis and clinical management. Objective This study aims to investigate the sensitization profile of eight HDM allergen components in a large number of patients enrolled in the clinic and to analyze the relation of gender, age, and clinical symptoms in North China. Methods The 548 serum samples of HDM-allergic patients (ImmunoCAP® d1 or d2 IgE ≥0.35) were collected in Beijing City and divided in four different age groups and three allergic symptoms. The specific IgE of HDM allergenic components, Der p 1/Der f 1, Der p 2/Der f 2, Der p 7, Der p 10, Der p 21, and Der p 23, was measured using the micro-arrayed allergen test kit developed by Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co., Ltd. The new system was validated by comparing to single-component Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23 tests by ImmunoCAP in 39 sera. The epidemiological study of these IgE profiles and the relation to age and clinical phenotypes were analyzed. Results A greater proportion of male patients was in the younger age groups, while more female patients were in the adult groups. Both the sIgE levels and the positive rates (approximately 60%) against Der p 1/Der f 1 and Der p 2/Der f 2 were higher than for the Der p 7, Der p 10, and Der p 21 components (below 25%). The Der f 1 and Der p 2 positive rates were higher in 2-12-year-old children. The Der p 2 and Der f 2 IgE levels and positive rates were higher in the allergic rhinitis group. The positive rates of Der p 10 increased significantly with age. Der p 21 is relevant in allergic dermatitis symptom, while Der p 23 contributes to asthma development. Conclusion HDM groups 1 and 2 were the major sensitizing allergens, with group 2 being the most important component relevant to respiratory symptoms in North China. The Der p 10 sensitization tends to increase with age. Der p 21 and Der p 23 might be associated with the development of allergic skin disease and asthma, respectively. Multiple allergen sensitizations increased the risk of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- R&D Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China
| | - Lan Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaofeng Wang
- R&D Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinshi Guo
- Allergy Department, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- R&D Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China
| | - Lishan Zhang
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhoujie Wu
- R&D Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- R&D Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China
| | - Xukai Yang
- R&D Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China
| | - Puyang Xu
- R&D Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China
| | - Shandong Wu
- R&D Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-Lyu Sun, ; Zhongshan Gao, ; Shandong Wu,
| | - Zhongshan Gao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-Lyu Sun, ; Zhongshan Gao, ; Shandong Wu,
| | - Jin-Lyu Sun
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-Lyu Sun, ; Zhongshan Gao, ; Shandong Wu,
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Smith SA, Chruszcz M, Chapman MD, Pomés A. Human Monoclonal IgE Antibodies-a Major Milestone in Allergy. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:53-65. [PMID: 36459330 PMCID: PMC9831959 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-022-01055-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bound to its high affinity receptor on mast cells and basophils, the IgE antibody molecule plays an integral role in the allergic reaction. Through interactions with the allergen, it provides the sensitivity and specificity parameters for cell activation and mediator release that produce allergic symptoms. Advancements in human hybridoma technologies allow for the generation and molecular definition of naturally occurring allergen-specific human IgE monoclonal antibodies. RECENT FINDINGS A high-resolution structure of dust mite allergen Der p 2 in complex with Fab of the human IgE mAb 2F10 was recently determined using X-ray crystallography. The structure reveals the fine molecular details of IgE 2F10 binding its 750 Å2 conformational epitope on Der p 2. This review provides an overview of this major milestone in allergy, the first atomic resolution structure of an authentic human IgE epitope. The molecular insights that IgE epitopes provide will allow for structure-based design approaches to the development of novel diagnostics, antibody therapeutics, and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Smith
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Maksymilian Chruszcz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
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Molecular Allergen-Specific IgE Recognition Profiles and Cumulative Specific IgE Levels Associated with Phenotypes of Cat Allergy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136984. [PMID: 35805985 PMCID: PMC9266786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cat allergy is a major trigger factor for respiratory reactions (asthma and rhinitis) in patients with immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization. In this study, we used a comprehensive panel of purified cat allergen molecules (rFel d 1, nFel d 2, rFel d 3, rFel d 4, rFel d 7, and rFel d 8) that were obtained by recombinant expression in Escherichia coli or by purification as natural proteins to study possible associations with different phenotypes of cat allergy (i.e., rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, and dermatitis) by analyzing molecular IgE recognition profiles in a representative cohort of clinically well-characterized adult cat allergic subjects (n = 84). IgE levels specific to each of the allergen molecules and to natural cat allergen extract were quantified by ImmunoCAP measurements. Cumulative IgE levels specific to the cat allergen molecules correlated significantly with IgE levels specific to the cat allergen extract, indicating that the panel of allergen molecules resembled IgE epitopes of the natural allergen source. rFel d 1 represented the major cat allergen, which was recognized by 97.2% of cat allergic patients; however, rFel d 3, rFel d 4, and rFel d 7 each showed IgE reactivity in more than 50% of cat allergic patients, indicating the importance of additional allergens in cat allergy. Patients with cat-related skin symptoms showed a trend toward higher IgE levels and/or frequencies of sensitization to each of the tested allergen molecules compared with patients suffering only from rhinitis or asthma, while there were no such differences between patients with rhinitis and asthma. The IgE levels specific to allergen molecules, the IgE levels specific to cat allergen extract, and the IgE levels specific to rFel d 1 were significantly higher in patients with four different symptoms compared with patients with 1–2 symptoms. This difference was more pronounced for the sum of IgE levels specific to the allergen molecules and to cat extract than for IgE levels specific for rFel d 1 alone. Our study indicates that, in addition to rFel d 1, rFel d 3, rFel d 4, and rFel d 7 must be considered as important cat allergens. Furthermore, the cumulative sum of IgE levels specific to cat allergen molecules seems to be a biomarker for identifying patients with complex phenotypes of cat allergy. These findings are important for the diagnosis of IgE sensitization to cats and for the design of allergen-specific immunotherapies for the treatment and prevention of cat allergy.
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Li WY, Cai ZL, Zhang BP, Chen JJ, Ji K. Identification of an immunodominant IgE epitope of Der p 39, a novel allergen of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. World Allergy Organ J 2022; 15:100651. [PMID: 35600837 PMCID: PMC9096144 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Rodinkova VV, Yuriev SD, Kryvopustova MV, Mokin VB, Kryzhanovskyi YM, Kurchenko AI. Molecular Profile Sensitization to House Dust Mites as an Important Aspect for Predicting the Efficiency of Allergen Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:848616. [PMID: 35392080 PMCID: PMC8980548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.848616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
House dust mite (HDM) allergens are considered to be one of the most common causes of asthma and allergic rhinitis in the world. Cysteine proteases Der p 1 and Der f 1 (group 1) and also NPC 2 family proteins Der p 2 and Der f 2 (group 2) of D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae respectively are considered the main allergens of HDMs. The difference in the sensitivity of the population to these and other allergy causing components of HDM determines the treatment strategy. Thus, the purpose of this work was to determine the pattern of sensitization of the Ukrainian population to individual allergy causing molecular components of HDM in order to improve treatment strategies for the HDM allergy in various regions of Ukraine. To determine the molecular profile of sensitization to HDM, the data of multiplex allergy test Alex2 have been obtained from 10,651 patients. The sample included 57.86% children under the age of 18 and 42.14% adults. A Python language-based statistical analysis was performed, in order to group patients by sensitization to individual molecules and their combinations, regarding the age and geographical location of the patients. Simultaneous sensitization to Der f 2 and Der p 2 allergens was the most common among the entire group Simultaneous sensitization to 5 molecules—of group 1 (Der p 1 and Der f 1), group 2 (Der f 2 and Der p 2), and Der p 23—was the second most common for entire dataset and for the children group. This pattern differed in adults, where monosensitization to Der p 23 occupied the second position, suggesting that this molecule is an important factor of HDM allergy in Ukraine. Of the 16 analyzed regions, sensitization to Der p 23 prevailed in 2 Western regions of Ukraine. In the rest of the regions combination of Der p 2 and Der f 2 was the most prevalent. The established character of population sensitization to HDM in Ukraine is a good prognostic marker of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria V Rodinkova
- Department of Pharmacy, National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
| | - Serhii D Yuriev
- Centre of Moleclar Allergology, Functional and Family Clinic "FxMed", Kyiv, Ukraine.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Bohomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Vitalii B Mokin
- Department of System Analysis and Information Technologies, Vinnytsia National Technical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
| | - Yevhenii M Kryzhanovskyi
- Department of System Analysis and Information Technologies, Vinnytsia National Technical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
| | - Andrii I Kurchenko
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Bohomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Yu PY, Zhu Y, Tan LX, Xu ZQ, Lu C, Guan XW. Immunoinformatics Construction of B Cell Epitope-Based Hypoallergenic Der f 34 Vaccine for Immunotherapy of House Dust Mite Allergy. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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