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Brazhnikov G, Smolnikov E, Litovkina A, Jiang T, Shatilov A, Tulaeva I, Tulaev M, Karaulov A, Poroshina A, Zhernov Y, Focke‐Tejkl M, Weber M, Akinfenwa O, Elisyutina O, Andreev S, Shilovskiy I, Shershakova N, Smirnov V, Fedenko E, Lepeshkova TS, Beltyukov EC, Naumova VV, Kundi M, Khaitov M, Wiedermann U, Valenta R, Campana R. Natural human Bet v 1-specific IgG antibodies recognize non-conformational epitopes whereas IgE reacts with conformational epitopes. Allergy 2023; 78:3136-3153. [PMID: 37701941 PMCID: PMC10952721 DOI: 10.1111/all.15865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature of epitopes on Bet v 1 recognized by natural IgG antibodies of birch pollen allergic patients and birch pollen-exposed but non-sensitized subjects has not been studied in detail. OBJECTIVE To investigate IgE and IgG recognition of Bet v 1 and to study the effects of natural Bet v 1-specific IgG antibodies on IgE recognition of Bet v 1 and Bet v 1-induced basophil activation. METHODS Sera from birch pollen allergic patients (BPA, n = 76), allergic patients without birch pollen allergy (NBPA, n = 40) and non-allergic individuals (NA, n = 48) were tested for IgE, IgG as well as IgG1 and IgG4 reactivity to folded recombinant Bet v 1, two unfolded recombinant Bet v 1 fragments comprising the N-terminal (F1) and C-terminal half of Bet v 1 (F2) and unfolded peptides spanning the corresponding sequences of Bet v 1 and the apple allergen Mal d 1 by ELISA or micro-array analysis. The ability of Bet v 1-specific serum antibodies from non-allergic subjects to inhibit allergic patients IgE or IgG binding to rBet v 1 or to unfolded Bet v 1-derivatives was assessed by competition ELISAs. Furthermore, the ability of serum antibodies from allergic and non-allergic subjects to modulate Bet v 1-induced basophil activation was investigated using rat basophilic leukaemia cells expressing the human FcεRI which had been loaded with IgE from BPA patients. RESULTS IgE antibodies from BPA patients react almost exclusively with conformational epitopes whereas IgG, IgG1 and IgG4 antibodies from BPA, NBPA and NA subjects recognize mainly unfolded and sequential epitopes. IgG competition studies show that IgG specific for unfolded/sequential Bet v 1 epitopes is not inhibited by folded Bet v 1 and hence the latter seem to represent cryptic epitopes. IgG reactivity to Bet v 1 peptides did not correlate with IgG reactivity to the corresponding Mal d 1 peptides and therefore does not seem to be a result of primary sensitization to PR10 allergen-containing food. Natural Bet v 1-specific IgG antibodies inhibited IgE binding to Bet v 1 only poorly and could even enhance Bet v 1-specific basophil activation. CONCLUSION IgE and IgG antibodies from BPA patients and birch pollen-exposed non-sensitized subjects recognize different epitopes. These findings explain why natural allergen-specific IgG do not protect against allergic symptoms and suggest that allergen-specific IgE and IgG have different clonal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgii Brazhnikov
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Institute for Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Evgenii Smolnikov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
- Department of Immunology, Institute of MedicineRUDN UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Alla Litovkina
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
- Department of Immunology, Institute of MedicineRUDN UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Tianchi Jiang
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Artem Shatilov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Inna Tulaeva
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergologyI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
| | - Mikhail Tulaev
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergologyI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
| | - Alina Poroshina
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Yury Zhernov
- F. Erismann Institute of Public HealthI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
| | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
| | - Milena Weber
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Oluwatoyin Akinfenwa
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Olga Elisyutina
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
- Department of Immunology, Institute of MedicineRUDN UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Sergey Andreev
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Igor Shilovskiy
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Nadezhda Shershakova
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Valeriy Smirnov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | - Elena Fedenko
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
| | | | - Evgeny Cronidovich Beltyukov
- Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and ImmunologyUral State Medical UniversityYekaterinburgRussia
| | - Veronika Victorovna Naumova
- Department of Faculty Therapy, Endocrinology, Allergology and ImmunologyUral State Medical UniversityYekaterinburgRussia
| | - Michael Kundi
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Public HealthMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Musa Khaitov
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Ursula Wiedermann
- Institute for Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of RussiaMoscowRussia
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergologyI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)MoscowRussia
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKremsAustria
| | - Raffaela Campana
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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Platzer R, Hellmeier J, Göhring J, Perez ID, Schatzlmaier P, Bodner C, Focke‐Tejkl M, Schütz GJ, Sevcsik E, Stockinger H, Brameshuber M, Huppa JB. Monomeric agonist peptide/MHCII complexes activate T-cells in an autonomous fashion. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57842. [PMID: 37768718 PMCID: PMC10626418 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular crowding of agonist peptide/MHC class II complexes (pMHCIIs) with structurally similar, yet per se non-stimulatory endogenous pMHCIIs is postulated to sensitize T-cells for the recognition of single antigens on the surface of dendritic cells and B-cells. When testing this premise with the use of advanced live cell microscopy, we observe pMHCIIs as monomeric, randomly distributed entities diffusing rapidly after entering the APC surface. Synaptic TCR engagement of highly abundant endogenous pMHCIIs is low or non-existent and affects neither TCR engagement of rare agonist pMHCII in early and advanced synapses nor agonist-induced TCR-proximal signaling. Our findings highlight the capacity of single freely diffusing agonist pMHCIIs to elicit the full T-cell response in an autonomous and peptide-specific fashion with consequences for adaptive immunity and immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Platzer
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Joschka Hellmeier
- TU Wien, Institute of Applied PhysicsViennaAustria
- Present address:
Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Imaging and BionanotechnologyMartinsriedGermany
| | - Janett Göhring
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Iago Doel Perez
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Present address:
Takeda Manufacturing Austria AGViennaAustria
| | - Philipp Schatzlmaier
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Clara Bodner
- TU Wien, Institute of Applied PhysicsViennaAustria
| | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, Immunology, Institute for Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Eva Sevcsik
- TU Wien, Institute of Applied PhysicsViennaAustria
| | - Hannes Stockinger
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Johannes B Huppa
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology, Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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Román‐Carrasco P, Klug C, Hemmer W, Focke‐Tejkl M, Raith M, Grosinger I, Stoll P, Quirce S, Sanchez‐Jareño M, Martínez‐Blanco M, Molina E, Somoza V, Lieder B, Marin Z, Nöbauer K, Hummel K, Razzazi‐Fazeli E, Swoboda I. Bos d 13, A Novel Heat-Stable Beef Allergen. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200601. [PMID: 37173826 PMCID: PMC10909433 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Red meat, a staple food of Western diets, can also induce IgE-mediated allergic reactions. Yet, apart from the heat-labile protein serum albumin and the carbohydrate α-Gal, the molecules causing allergic reactions to red meat remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS IgE reactivity profiles of beef-sensitized individuals are analyzed by IgE-immunoblotting with protein extracts from raw and cooked beef. Two IgE-reactive proteins are identified by peptide mass fingerprinting as myosinlight chain 1 (MYL1) and myosin light chain 3 (MYL3) in cooked beef extract and are designated Bos d 13 isoallergens. MYL1 and MYL3 are produced recombinantly in Escherichia coli. ELISAs proved their IgE reactivity and circular dichroism analysis showed that they represent folded molecules with remarkable thermal stability. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion experiments showed the higher stability of rMYL1 as compared to rMYL3. Exposure of a monolayer of Caco-2 cells to rMYL1 indicated that the molecule is able to cross intestinal epithelial cells without disturbing the integrity of the tight junctions, suggesting the sensitizing capacity of MYL1. CONCLUSION MYLs are identified as novel heat-stable bovine meat allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Román‐Carrasco
- Biotechnology SectionFH Campus WienCampus Vienna BiocenterUniversity of Applied SciencesVienna1100Austria
| | - Christoph Klug
- Biotechnology SectionFH Campus WienCampus Vienna BiocenterUniversity of Applied SciencesVienna1100Austria
- Present address: MacroArray Diagnostics GmbHVienna1230Austria
| | | | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of ImmunopathologyDepartment of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter for PathophysiologyInfectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria
| | - Marianne Raith
- Biotechnology SectionFH Campus WienCampus Vienna BiocenterUniversity of Applied SciencesVienna1100Austria
| | - Isabella Grosinger
- Biotechnology SectionFH Campus WienCampus Vienna BiocenterUniversity of Applied SciencesVienna1100Austria
| | - Peter Stoll
- Biotechnology SectionFH Campus WienCampus Vienna BiocenterUniversity of Applied SciencesVienna1100Austria
| | - Santiago Quirce
- Department of AllergyLa Paz University Hospital, IdiPAZMadrid28046Spain
| | | | - Mónica Martínez‐Blanco
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC‐UAM)Madrid28049Spain
| | - Elena Molina
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC‐UAM)Madrid28049Spain
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Department of Physiological ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaVienna1090Austria
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems BiologyTechnical University Munich85354MunichGermany
| | - Barbara Lieder
- Department of Physiological ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaVienna1090Austria
| | - Zana Marin
- Biotechnology SectionFH Campus WienCampus Vienna BiocenterUniversity of Applied SciencesVienna1100Austria
| | - Katharina Nöbauer
- VetCore Facility for ResearchUniversity of Veterinary MedicineVienna1210Austria
| | - Karin Hummel
- VetCore Facility for ResearchUniversity of Veterinary MedicineVienna1210Austria
| | | | - Ines Swoboda
- Biotechnology SectionFH Campus WienCampus Vienna BiocenterUniversity of Applied SciencesVienna1100Austria
- Division of ImmunopathologyDepartment of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter for PathophysiologyInfectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria
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Zettl I, Ivanova T, Strobl MR, Weichwald C, Goryainova O, Khan E, Rutovskaya MV, Focke‐Tejkl M, Drescher A, Bohle B, Flicker S, Tillib SV. Isolation of nanobodies with potential to reduce patients' IgE binding to Bet v 1. Allergy 2022; 77:1751-1760. [PMID: 34837242 DOI: 10.1111/all.15191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies showed that a single injection of human monoclonal allergen-specific IgG antibodies significantly reduced allergic symptoms in birch pollen-allergic patients. Since the production of full monoclonal antibodies in sufficient amounts is laborious and expensive, we sought to investigate if smaller recombinant allergen-specific antibody fragments, that is, nanobodies, have similar protective potential. For this purpose, nanobodies specific for Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, were generated to evaluate their efficacy to inhibit IgE-mediated responses. METHODS A cDNA-VHH library was constructed from a camel immunized with Bet v 1 and screened for Bet v 1 binders encoding sequences by phage display. Selected nanobodies were expressed, purified, and analyzed in regards of epitope-specificity and affinity to Bet v 1. Furthermore, cross-reactivity to Bet v 1-homologues from alder, hazel and apple, and their usefulness to inhibit IgE binding and allergen-induced basophil activation were investigated. RESULTS We isolated three nanobodies that recognize Bet v 1 with high affinity and cross-react with Aln g 1 (alder) and Cor a 1 (hazel). Their epitopes were mapped to the alpha-helix at the C-terminus of Bet v 1. All nanobodies inhibited allergic patients' polyclonal IgE binding to Bet v 1, Aln g 1, and Cor a 1 and partially suppressed Bet v 1-induced basophil activation. CONCLUSION We identified high-affinity Bet v 1-specific nanobodies that recognize an important IgE epitope and reduce allergen-induced basophil activation revealing the first proof that allergen-specific nanobodies are useful tools for future treatment of pollen allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Zettl
- Division of Immunopathology Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Tatiana Ivanova
- Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Maria R. Strobl
- Division of Experimental Allergology Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Christina Weichwald
- Division of Immunopathology Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | | | - Evgenia Khan
- Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Marina V. Rutovskaya
- Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
- A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | | | - Barbara Bohle
- Division of Experimental Allergology Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Sabine Flicker
- Division of Immunopathology Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Sergei V. Tillib
- Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
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5
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Pfeiffer S, Raith M, Pascal M, Munoz‐Cano RM, San Bartolome C, Nöbauer K, Quirce S, Razzazi‐Fazeli E, Focke‐Tejkl M, Sterflinger K, Swoboda I. The emerging pathogen Paecilomyces variotii - a novel and important fungal allergen source. Allergy 2022; 77:1045-1048. [PMID: 34773271 PMCID: PMC9299467 DOI: 10.1111/all.15176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pfeiffer
- The Molecular Biotechnology Section FH Campus Wien University of Applied Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Marianne Raith
- The Molecular Biotechnology Section FH Campus Wien University of Applied Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Mariona Pascal
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona Immunology Department CDB IDIBAPSUniversity of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Spanish Network for Allergy – RETIC de AsmaReacciones adversas y Alérgicas (ARADYAL) Madrid Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Munoz‐Cano
- Spanish Network for Allergy – RETIC de AsmaReacciones adversas y Alérgicas (ARADYAL) Madrid Spain
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Allergy UnitIDIBAPSUniversity of BarcelonaARADyAL Barcelona Spain
| | - Clara San Bartolome
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona Immunology Department CDB IDIBAPSUniversity of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Spanish Network for Allergy – RETIC de AsmaReacciones adversas y Alérgicas (ARADYAL) Madrid Spain
| | - Katharina Nöbauer
- VetCORE Facility for Research University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria
| | - Santiago Quirce
- Department of Allergy La Paz University HospitalIdiPAZUniversidad Autonoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | | | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Katja Sterflinger
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Technology in the ArtsAcademy of Fine Arts Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Ines Swoboda
- The Molecular Biotechnology Section FH Campus Wien University of Applied Sciences Vienna Austria
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Gattinger P, Niespodziana K, Stiasny K, Sahanic S, Tulaeva I, Borochova K, Dorofeeva Y, Schlederer T, Sonnweber T, Hofer G, Kiss R, Kratzer B, Trapin D, Tauber PA, Rottal A, Körmöczi U, Feichter M, Weber M, Focke‐Tejkl M, Löffler‐Ragg J, Mühl B, Kropfmüller A, Keller W, Stolz F, Henning R, Tancevski I, Puchhammer‐Stöckl E, Pickl WF, Valenta R. Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 requires antibodies against conformational receptor-binding domain epitopes. Allergy 2022; 77:230-242. [PMID: 34453317 PMCID: PMC8653362 DOI: 10.1111/all.15066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The determinants of successful humoral immune response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) are of critical importance for the design of effective vaccines and the evaluation of the degree of protective immunity conferred by exposure to the virus. As novel variants emerge, understanding their likelihood of suppression by population antibody repertoires has become increasingly important. Methods In this study, we analyzed the SARS‐CoV‐2 polyclonal antibody response in a large population of clinically well‐characterized patients after mild and severe COVID‐19 using a panel of microarrayed structurally folded and unfolded SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins, as well as sequential peptides, spanning the surface spike protein (S) and the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of the virus. Results S‐ and RBD‐specific antibody responses were dominated by immunoglobulin G (IgG), mainly IgG1, and directed against structurally folded S and RBD and three distinct peptide epitopes in S2. The virus neutralization activity of patients´ sera was highly correlated with IgG antibodies specific for conformational but not sequential RBD epitopes and their ability to prevent RBD binding to its human receptor angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Twenty percent of patients selectively lacked RBD‐specific IgG. Only immunization with folded, but not with unfolded RBD, induced antibodies against conformational epitopes with high virus‐neutralizing activity. Conformational RBD epitopes required for protection do not seem to be altered in the currently emerging virus variants. Conclusion These results are fundamental for estimating the protective activity of antibody responses after natural infection or vaccination and for the design of vaccines, which can induce high levels of SARS‐CoV‐2–neutralizing antibodies conferring sterilizing immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Gattinger
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Katarzyna Niespodziana
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Karin Stiasny
- Center for Virology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Inna Tulaeva
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Laboratory for Immunopathology Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia
| | - Kristina Borochova
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Yulia Dorofeeva
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Thomas Schlederer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Thomas Sonnweber
- Department of Internal Medicine II Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Gerhard Hofer
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry University of Stockholm Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - Bernhard Kratzer
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Doris Trapin
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Peter A. Tauber
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Arno Rottal
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Ulrike Körmöczi
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Melanie Feichter
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Milena Weber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences Krems Austria
| | - Judith Löffler‐Ragg
- Department of Internal Medicine II Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | | | - Anna Kropfmüller
- Österreichische Gesundheitskasse Klinikum Peterhof Baden Austria
| | - Walter Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, BioTechMed Graz University of Graz Graz Austria
| | | | | | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | | | - Winfried F. Pickl
- Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences Krems Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Division of Immunopathology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Laboratory for Immunopathology Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences Krems Austria
- NRC Institute of Immunology, FMBA Moscow Russia
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7
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Pfeiffer S, Sandler P, Raith M, Pascal M, Munoz‐Cano RM, San Bartolome C, Nöbauer K, Quirce S, Razzazi‐Fazeli E, Focke‐Tejkl M, Sterflinger K, Swoboda I. Identification of Ulocladium chartarum as an important indoor allergen source. Allergy 2021; 76:3202-3206. [PMID: 34216490 PMCID: PMC9290848 DOI: 10.1111/all.14999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pfeiffer
- The Molecular Biotechnology Section FH Campus Wien Campus Vienna Biocenter University of Applied Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Peter Sandler
- The Molecular Biotechnology Section FH Campus Wien Campus Vienna Biocenter University of Applied Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Marianne Raith
- The Molecular Biotechnology Section FH Campus Wien Campus Vienna Biocenter University of Applied Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Mariona Pascal
- Immunology Department CDB Hospital Clinic de Barcelona; IDIBAPS University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Spanish Network for Allergy – RETIC de Asma, Reacciones adversas y Alérgicas (ARADYAL Madrid Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Munoz‐Cano
- Spanish Network for Allergy – RETIC de Asma, Reacciones adversas y Alérgicas (ARADYAL Madrid Spain
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Allergy Unit IDIBAPS University of Barcelona, ARADyAL Barcelona Spain
| | - Clara San Bartolome
- Immunology Department CDB Hospital Clinic de Barcelona; IDIBAPS University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Spanish Network for Allergy – RETIC de Asma, Reacciones adversas y Alérgicas (ARADYAL Madrid Spain
| | - Katharina Nöbauer
- VetCORE Facility for Research University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Austria
| | - Santiago Quirce
- Department of Allergy La Paz University Hospital IdiPAZ Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | | | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Katja Sterflinger
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Technology in the Arts Academy of Fine Arts Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Ines Swoboda
- The Molecular Biotechnology Section FH Campus Wien Campus Vienna Biocenter University of Applied Sciences Vienna Austria
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8
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Dorofeeva Y, Shilovskiy I, Tulaeva I, Focke‐Tejkl M, Flicker S, Kudlay D, Khaitov M, Karsonova A, Riabova K, Karaulov A, Khanferyan R, Pickl WF, Wekerle T, Valenta R. Past, present, and future of allergen immunotherapy vaccines. Allergy 2021; 76:131-149. [PMID: 32249442 PMCID: PMC7818275 DOI: 10.1111/all.14300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is an allergen-specific form of treatment for patients suffering from immunoglobulin E (IgE)-associated allergy; the most common and important immunologically mediated hypersensitivity disease. AIT is based on the administration of the disease-causing allergen with the goal to induce a protective immunity consisting of allergen-specific blocking IgG antibodies and alterations of the cellular immune response so that the patient can tolerate allergen contact. Major advantages of AIT over all other existing treatments for allergy are that AIT induces a long-lasting protection and prevents the progression of disease to severe manifestations. AIT is cost effective because it uses the patient´s own immune system for protection and potentially can be used as a preventive treatment. However, broad application of AIT is limited by mainly technical issues such as the quality of allergen preparations and the risk of inducing side effects which results in extremely cumbersome treatment schedules reducing patient´s compliance. In this article we review progress in AIT made from its beginning and provide an overview of the state of the art, the needs for further development, and possible technical solutions available through molecular allergology. Finally, we consider visions for AIT development towards prophylactic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Dorofeeva
- Division of ImmunopathologyDepartment of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Igor Shilovskiy
- National Research Center, Institute of immunology, FMBA of RussiaMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Inna Tulaeva
- Division of ImmunopathologyDepartment of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergyLaboratory of ImmunopathologySechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of ImmunopathologyDepartment of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Sabine Flicker
- Division of ImmunopathologyDepartment of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Dmitriy Kudlay
- National Research Center, Institute of immunology, FMBA of RussiaMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Musa Khaitov
- National Research Center, Institute of immunology, FMBA of RussiaMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Antonina Karsonova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergyLaboratory of ImmunopathologySechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Ksenja Riabova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergyLaboratory of ImmunopathologySechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Alexander Karaulov
- Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergyLaboratory of ImmunopathologySechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Roman Khanferyan
- Department of Immunology and AllergyRussian People’s Friendship UniversityMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Winfried F. Pickl
- Institute of ImmunologyCenter for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Wekerle
- Section of Transplantation ImmunologyDepartment of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of ImmunopathologyDepartment of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- National Research Center, Institute of immunology, FMBA of RussiaMoscowRussian Federation
- Department of Clinical Immunology and AllergyLaboratory of ImmunopathologySechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussian Federation
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9
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Rauber MM, Möbs C, Campana R, Henning R, Schulze‐Dasbeck M, Greene B, Focke‐Tejkl M, Weber M, Valenta R, Pfützner W. Allergen immunotherapy with the hypoallergenic B-cell epitope-based vaccine BM32 modifies IL-10- and IL-5-secreting T cells. Allergy 2020; 75:450-453. [PMID: 31330050 DOI: 10.1111/all.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Myriam Rauber
- Clinical & Experimental Allergology, Department of Dermatology and Allergology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
- Experimental Dermatology and Allergy Research Justus‐Liebig‐University Giessen Giessen Germany
| | - Christian Möbs
- Clinical & Experimental Allergology, Department of Dermatology and Allergology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Raffaela Campana
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria
| | | | - Manuel Schulze‐Dasbeck
- Clinical & Experimental Allergology, Department of Dermatology and Allergology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Brandon Greene
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Milena Weber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria
- NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia Moscow Russia
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia
| | - Wolfgang Pfützner
- Clinical & Experimental Allergology, Department of Dermatology and Allergology Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
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10
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Freidl R, Gstöttner A, Baranyi U, Swoboda I, Stolz F, Focke‐Tejkl M, Wekerle T, van Ree R, Valenta R, Linhart B. Resistance of parvalbumin to gastrointestinal digestion is required for profound and long-lasting prophylactic oral tolerance. Allergy 2020; 75:326-335. [PMID: 31325321 PMCID: PMC7065025 DOI: 10.1111/all.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Early introduction of food allergens into children's diet is considered as a strategy for the prevention of food allergy. The major fish allergen parvalbumin exhibits high stability against gastrointestinal digestion. We investigated whether resistance of carp parvalbumin to digestion affects oral tolerance induction. Methods Natural Cyp c 1, nCyp c 1, and a gastrointestinal digestion‐sensitive recombinant Cyp c 1 mutant, mCyp c 1, were analyzed for their ability to induce oral tolerance in a murine model. Both antigens were compared by gel filtration, circular dichroism measurement, in vitro digestion, and splenocyte proliferation assays using synthetic Cyp c 1‐derived peptides. BALB/c mice were fed once with high doses of nCyp c 1 or mCyp c 1, before sensitization to nCyp c 1. Immunological tolerance was studied by measuring Cyp c 1‐specific antibodies and cellular responses by ELISA, basophil activation, splenocyte proliferations, and intragastric allergen challenge. Results Wild‐type and mCyp c 1 showed the same physicochemical properties and shared the same major T‐cell epitope. However, mCyp c 1 was more sensitive to enzymatic digestion in vitro than nCyp c 1. A single high‐dose oral administration of nCyp c 1 but not of mCyp c 1 induced long‐term oral tolerance, characterized by lack of parvalbumin‐specific antibody and cellular responses. Moreover, mCyp c 1‐fed mice, but not nCyp c 1‐fed mice developed allergic symptoms upon challenge with nCyp c 1. Conclusion Sensitivity to digestion in the gastrointestinal tract influences the capacity of an allergen to induce prophylactic oral tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaela Freidl
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Antonia Gstöttner
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Ulrike Baranyi
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Ines Swoboda
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | | | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Thomas Wekerle
- Section of Transplantation Immunology, Department of Surgery Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Departments of Experimental Immunology and of Otorhinolaryngology Academic Medical Center Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia Moscow Russia
- Laboratory for Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia
| | - Birgit Linhart
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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11
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Huang H, Curin M, Banerjee S, Chen K, Garmatiuk T, Resch‐Marat Y, Carvalho‐Queiroz C, Blatt K, Gafvelin G, Grönlund H, Valent P, Campana R, Focke‐Tejkl M, Valenta R, Vrtala S. A hypoallergenic peptide mix containing T cell epitopes of the clinically relevant house dust mite allergens. Allergy 2019; 74:2461-2478. [PMID: 31228873 PMCID: PMC7078969 DOI: 10.1111/all.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background In the house dust mite (HDM) Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Der p 1, 2, 5, 7, 21, and 23 have been identified as the most important allergens. The aim of this study was to define hypoallergenic peptides derived from the sequences of the six allergens and to use the peptides and the complete allergens to study antibody, T cell, and cytokine responses in sensitized and nonsensitized subjects. Methods IgE reactivity of HDM‐allergic and non‐HDM‐sensitized individuals to 15 HDM allergens was established using ImmunoCAP ISAC technology. Thirty‐three peptides covering the sequences of the six HDM allergens were synthesized. Allergens and peptides were tested for IgE and IgG reactivity by ELISA and ImmunoCAP, respectively. Allergenic activity was determined by basophil activation. CD4+ T cell and cytokine responses were determined in PBMC cultures by CFSE dilution and Luminex technology, respectively. Results House dust mite allergics showed IgE reactivity only to complete allergens, whereas 31 of the 33 peptides lacked relevant IgE reactivity and allergenic activity. IgG antibodies of HDM‐allergic and nonsensitized subjects were directed against peptide epitopes and higher allergen‐specific IgG levels were found in HDM allergics. PBMC from HDM‐allergics produced higher levels of IL‐5 whereas non‐HDM‐sensitized individuals mounted higher levels of IFN‐gamma, IL‐17, pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and IL‐10. Conclusion IgG antibodies in HDM‐allergic patients recognize peptide epitopes which are different from the epitopes recognized by IgE. This may explain why naturally occurring allergen‐specific IgG antibodies do not protect against IgE‐mediated allergic inflammation. A mix of hypoallergenic peptides containing T cell epitopes of the most important HDM allergens was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey‐Jy Huang
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Mirela Curin
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Srinita Banerjee
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Kuan‐Wei Chen
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Tetiana Garmatiuk
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Yvonne Resch‐Marat
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Claudia Carvalho‐Queiroz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Therapeutic Immune Design Unit Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Katharina Blatt
- Division of Hematology&Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Guro Gafvelin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Therapeutic Immune Design Unit Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hans Grönlund
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Therapeutic Immune Design Unit Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Valent
- Division of Hematology&Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Raffaela Campana
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Margarete Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia Moscow Russia
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Laboratory for Immunopathology Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russia
| | - Susanne Vrtala
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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12
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Smiljkovic D, Blatt K, Stefanzl G, Dorofeeva Y, Skrabs C, Focke‐Tejkl M, Sperr WR, Jaeger U, Valenta R, Valent P. BTK inhibition is a potent approach to block IgE-mediated histamine release in human basophils. Allergy 2017; 72:1666-1676. [PMID: 28328081 PMCID: PMC5655929 DOI: 10.1111/all.13166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent data suggest that Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an emerging therapeutic target in IgE receptor (IgER)‐cross‐linked basophils. Methods We examined the effects of four BTK inhibitors (ibrutinib, dasatinib, AVL‐292, and CNX‐774) on IgE‐dependent activation and histamine release in blood basophils obtained from allergic patients (n=11) and nonallergic donors (n=5). In addition, we examined the effects of these drugs on the growth of the human basophil cell line KU812 and the human mast cell line HMC‐1. Results All four BTK blockers were found to inhibit anti‐IgE‐induced histamine release from basophils in nonallergic subjects and allergen‐induced histamine liberation from basophils in allergic donors. Drug effects on allergen‐induced histamine release were dose dependent, with IC50 values ranging between 0.001 and 0.5 μmol/L, and the following rank order of potency: ibrutinib>AVL‐292>dasatinib>CNX‐774. The basophil‐targeting effect of ibrutinib was confirmed by demonstrating that IgE‐dependent histamine release in ex vivo blood basophils is largely suppressed in a leukemia patient treated with ibrutinib. Dasatinib and ibrutinib were also found to counteract anti‐IgE‐induced and allergen‐induced upregulation of CD13, CD63, CD164, and CD203c on basophils, whereas AVL‐292 and CNX‐774 showed no significant effects. Whereas dasatinib and CNX‐774 were found to inhibit the growth of HMC‐1 cells and KU812 cells, no substantial effects were seen with ibrutinib or AVL‐292. Conclusions BTK‐targeting drugs are potent inhibitors of IgE‐dependent histamine release in human basophils. The clinical value of BTK inhibition in the context of allergic diseases remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Smiljkovic
- Department of Internal Medicine I Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - K. Blatt
- Department of Internal Medicine I Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - G. Stefanzl
- Department of Internal Medicine I Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Y. Dorofeeva
- Division of Immunopathology Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Immunology and Infectiology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - C. Skrabs
- Department of Internal Medicine I Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - M. Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Immunology and Infectiology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - W. R. Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - U. Jaeger
- Department of Internal Medicine I Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - R. Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Center for Pathophysiology, Immunology and Infectiology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - P. Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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13
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Gadermaier E, James LK, Shamji MH, Blatt K, Fauland K, Zieglmayer P, Garmatiuk T, Focke‐Tejkl M, Villalba M, Beavil R, Keller W, Valent P, Durham SR, Gould HJ, Flicker S, Valenta R. Epitope specificity determines cross-protection of a SIT-induced IgG4 antibody. Allergy 2016. [PMID: 26221749 PMCID: PMC4716291 DOI: 10.1111/all.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background The calcium‐binding 2EF‐hand protein Phl p 7 from timothy grass pollen is a highly cross‐reactive pollen pan‐allergen that can induce severe clinical symptoms in allergic patients. Recently, a human monoclonal Phl p 7‐specific IgG4 antibody (mAb102.1F10) was isolated from a patient who had received grass pollen‐specific immunotherapy (SIT). Methods We studied epitope specificity, cross‐reactivity, affinity and cross‐protection of mAb102.1F10 towards homologous calcium‐binding pollen allergens. Sequence comparisons and molecular modelling studies were performed with ClustalW and SPADE, respectively. Surface plasmon resonance measurements were made with purified recombinant allergens. Binding and cross‐reactivity of patients' IgE and mAb102.1F10 to calcium‐binding allergens and peptides thereof were studied with quantitative RAST‐based methods, in ELISA, basophil activation and IgE‐facilitated allergen presentation experiments. Results Allergens from timothy grass (Phl p 7), alder (Aln g 4), birch (Bet v 4), turnip rape (Bra r 1), lamb's quarter (Che a 3) and olive (Ole e 3, Ole e 8) showed high sequence similarity and cross‐reacted with allergic patients' IgE. mAb102.1F10 bound the C‐terminal portion of Phl p 7 in a calcium‐dependent manner. It cross‐reacted with high affinity with Ole e 3, whereas binding and affinity to the other allergens were low. mAb102.1F10 showed limited cross‐inhibition of patients' IgE binding and basophil activation. Sequence comparison and surface exposure calculations identified three amino acids likely to be responsible for limited cross‐reactivity. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that a small number of amino acid differences among cross‐reactive allergens can reduce the affinity of binding by a SIT‐induced IgG and thus limit cross‐protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Gadermaier
- Division of Immunopathology Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Vienna General Hospital Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - L. K. James
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics King's College London London UK
| | - M. H. Shamji
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London London UK
| | - K. Blatt
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology Department of Internal Medicine I Vienna General Hospital Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - K. Fauland
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - P. Zieglmayer
- Vienna Challenge Chamber Allergy Centre Vienna West Vienna Austria
| | - T. Garmatiuk
- Division of Immunopathology Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Vienna General Hospital Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - M. Focke‐Tejkl
- Division of Immunopathology Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Vienna General Hospital Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - M. Villalba
- Departamento de Bioquımica y Biologıa Molecular I Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - R. Beavil
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics King's College London London UK
| | - W. Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - P. Valent
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology Department of Internal Medicine I Vienna General Hospital Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - S. R. Durham
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London London UK
| | - H. J. Gould
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics King's College London London UK
| | - S. Flicker
- Division of Immunopathology Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Vienna General Hospital Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - R. Valenta
- Division of Immunopathology Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology Vienna General Hospital Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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