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Liu W, Guo K. Tannic acid alleviates ETEC K88-induced intestinal damage through regulating the p62-keap1-Nrf2 and TLR4-NF-κB-NLRP3 pathway in IPEC-J2 cells. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5186-5196. [PMID: 38288747 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tannic acid (TA), a naturally occurring polyphenol, has shown diverse potential in preventing intestinal damage in piglet diarrhea induced by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88. However, the protective effect of TA on ETEC k88 infection-induced post-weaning diarrhea and its potential mechanism has not been well elucidated. Therefore, an animal trial was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with TA on the intestinal diarrhea of weaned piglets challenged with ETEC K88. In addition, porcine intestinal epithelial cells were used as an in vitro model to explore the mechanism through which TA alleviates intestinal oxidative damage and inflammation. RESULTS The results indicated that TA supplementation (2 and 4 g kg-1) reduced diarrhea rate, enzyme activity (diamine oxidase [DAO] and Malondialdehyde [MAD]) and serum inflammatory cytokines concentration (TNF-α and IL-1β) (P < 0.05) compared to the Infection group (IG), group in vivo. In vitro, TA treatment effectively alleviated ETEC-induced cytotoxicity, increased the expression of ZO-1, occludin and claudin-1 at both mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, TA pre-treatment increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (such as T-SOD) and decreased serum cytokine levels (TNF-α and IL-1β). Furthermore, TA increased cellular antioxidant capacity by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and decreased inflammatory response by down-regulating the expression of TLR4, MyD88, NF-kB and NLRP3. CONCLUSION The present study showed that TA reduced the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets by restoring the intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier function, alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. The underlying mechanism was achieved by modulating the p62-keap1-Nrf2 and TLR4-NF-κB-NLRP3 pathway. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Kangkang Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Tao J, Gong Y, Chen S, Li W, Xie R, Zhang H, Chen N, Huang X, Li S. Dietary inclusion of Clostridium butyricum cultures alleviated impacts of high-carbohydrate diets in largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides). Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1308-1325. [PMID: 38073302 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
A 60-d feeding trial was conducted to explore the potential regulatory effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum cultures (CBC) supplementation in high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) on carbohydrate utilisation, antioxidant capacity and intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass. Triplicate groups of largemouth bass (average weight 35·03 ± 0·04 g), with a destiny of twenty-eight individuals per tank, were fed low-carbohydrate diet and HCD supplemented with different concentration of CBC (0 %, 0·25 %, 0·50 % and 1·00 %). The results showed that dietary CBC inclusion alleviated the hepatic glycogen accumulation induced by HCD intake. Additionally, the expression of hepatic ampkα1 and insulin signaling pathway-related genes (ira, irb, irs, p13kr1 and akt1) increased linearly with dietary CBC inclusion, which might be associated with the activation of glycolysis-related genes (gk, pfkl and pk). Meanwhile, the expression of intestinal SCFA transport-related genes (ffar3 and mct1) was significantly increased with dietary CBC inclusion. In addition, the hepatic antioxidant capacity was improved with dietary CBC supplementation, as evidenced by linear decrease in malondialdehyde concentration and expression of keap1, and linear increase in antioxidant enzyme activities (total antioxidative capacity, total superoxide dismutase and catalase) and expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (nrf2, sod1, sod2 and cat). The analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA V3-4 region indicated that dietary CBC inclusion significantly reduced the enrichment of Firmicutes and potential pathogenic bacteria genus Mycoplasma but significantly elevated the relative abundance of Fusobacteria and Cetobacterium. In summary, dietary CBC inclusion improved carbohydrate utilization, antioxidant capacity and intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass fed HCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Tao
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Gong
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Chen
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Li
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruitao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Naisong Chen
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
- National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuxiong Huang
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
- National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin Li
- Research Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
- National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Tang X. Probiotic Roles of Clostridium butyricum in Piglets: Considering Aspects of Intestinal Barrier Function. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1069. [PMID: 38612308 PMCID: PMC11010893 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
China, as the global leader in pork production and consumption, is faced with challenges in ensuring sustainable and wholesome growth of the pig industry while also guaranteeing meat food safety amidst the ban on antibiotics usage in animal feed. The focus of the pig industry lies in guaranteeing piglet health and enhancing overall production performance through nutrition regulation. Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum), a new type of probiotic, possesses characteristics such as heat resistance, acid resistance, and bile-salt tolerance, meaning it has potential as a feed additive. Previous studies have demonstrated that C. butyricum has a probiotic effect on piglets and can serve as a substitute for antibiotics. The objective of this study was to review the probiotic role of C. butyricum in the production of piglets, specifically focusing on intestinal barrier function. Through this review, we explored the probiotic effects of C. butyricum on piglets from the perspective of intestinal health. That is, C. butyricum promotes intestinal health by regulating the functions of the mechanical barrier, chemical barrier, immune barrier, and microbial barrier of piglets, thereby improving the growth of piglets. This review can provide a reference for the rational utilization and application of C. butyricum in swine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Tang
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Li Z, Duan T, Wang L, Wu J, Meng Y, Bao D, Gao L, Liu L. Comparative analysis of the gut bacteria and fungi in migratory demoiselle cranes ( Grus virgo) and common cranes ( Grus grus) in the Yellow River Wetland, China. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1341512. [PMID: 38572234 PMCID: PMC10987826 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1341512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gut microbiota are closely related to the nutrition, immunity, and metabolism of the host and play important roles in maintaining the normal physiological activities of animals. Cranes are important protected avian species in China, and they are sensitive to changes in the ecological environment and are thus good environmental indicators. There have been no reports examining gut fungi or the correlation between bacteria and fungi in wild Demoiselle cranes (Grus virgo) and Common cranes (Grus grus). Related research can provide a foundation for the protection of rare wild animals. Methods 16S rRNA and ITS high-throughput sequencing techniques were used to analyze the gut bacterial and fungal diversity of Common and Demoiselle cranes migrating to the Yellow River wetland in Inner Mongolia. Results The results revealed that for gut bacteria α diversity, Chao1 index in Demoiselle cranes was remarkably higher than that in Common cranes (411.07 ± 79.54 vs. 294.92 ± 22.38), while other index had no remarkably differences. There was no remarkable difference in fungal diversity. There were marked differences in the gut microbial composition between the two crane species. At the phylum level, the highest abundance of bacteria in the Common crane and Demoiselle crane samples was Firmicutes, accounting for 87.84% and 74.29%, respectively. The highest abundance of fungi in the guts of the Common and Demoiselle cranes was Ascomycota, accounting for 69.42% and 57.63%, respectively. At the genus level, the most abundant bacterial genus in the Common crane sample was Turicibacter (38.60%), and the most abundant bacterial genus in the Demoiselle crane sample was Catelicoccus (39.18%). The most abundant fungi in the Common crane sample was Penicillium (6.97%), and the most abundant fungi in the Demoiselle crane sample was Saccharomyces (8.59%). Correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant correlation between gut bacteria and fungi. Discussion This study provided a research basis for the protection of cranes. Indeed, a better understanding of the gut microbiota is very important for the conservation and management of wild birds, as it not only helps us to understand their life history and related mechanisms, but also can hinder the spread of pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Gao
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou, China
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Han J, Li M, Li X, Liu C, Li XL, Wang K, Qiao R, Yang F, Han X, Li XJ. Effects of microbes in pig farms on occupational exposed persons and the environment. AMB Express 2023; 13:136. [PMID: 38032532 PMCID: PMC10689614 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In terms of pig farming, pig gut microbes have a significant effect on farmers and the farm environment. However, it is still unclear which microbial composition is more likely to contribute to this effect. This study collected a total of 136 samples, including pigs' faeces samples, farmers' faeces samples, samples from individuals who had no contact with any type of farm animal (referred to as 'non-exposed' persons), and environmental dust samples (collected from inside and outside pig houses and the farm) from two pig farms, pig farm A and pig farm B. Whereafter, 16S rRNA sequencing and taxonomic composition analysis were performed. According to the study, compared to non-exposed persons, pig farmers had a significantly higher abundance of 7 genera. In addition, the farmers were grouped according to the duration of their occupational exposure, and it was shown that 4 genera, including Turicibacter, Terrisporobacter, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, exhibited a rise in more frequent contact with pigs. As compared to outside the pig house, the environmental dust has a greater concentration of the 3 bacteria mentioned before. Therefore, these 3 microbes can be considered as co-occurring microbes that may exist both in humans and the environment. Also, the 3 co-occurring microbes are involved in the fermentation and production of short-chain fatty acids and their effectiveness decreased as distance from the farm increased. This study shows that the 3 microbes where pig farmers co-occur with the environment come from pig farms, which provides fresh ideas for preventing the spread of microbial aerosols in pig farms and reducing pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chuang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Kejun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruimin Qiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xuelei Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Xin-Jian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Science, Sanya, China.
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Li Y, Wu M, Kong M, Sui S, Wang Q, He Y, Gu J. Impact of Donepezil Supplementation on Alzheimer's Disease-like Pathology and Gut Microbiome in APP/PS1 Mice. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2306. [PMID: 37764150 PMCID: PMC10537997 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on published information, the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are potentially related to gut microbiota changes. Donepezil hydrochloride (DH), which enhances cholinergic activity by blocking acetylcholinesterase (AChE), is one of the first-line drugs for AD treatment approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the USA. However, the potential link between the effects of DH on the pathophysiological processes of AD and the gut microbiota remains unclear. In this study, pathological changes in the brain and colon, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and AChE, and changes in intestinal flora were observed. The results showed that Aβ deposition in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of AD mice was significantly decreased, while colonic inflammation was significantly alleviated by DH treatment. Concomitantly, SOD activity was significantly improved, while AChE was significantly reduced after DH administration. In addition, the gut microbiota community composition of AD mice was significantly altered after DH treatment. The relative abundance of Akkermansia in the AD group was 54.8% higher than that in the N group. The relative abundance of Akkermansia was increased by 18.3% and 53.8% in the AD_G group and the N_G group, respectively. Interestingly, Akkermansia showed a potential predictive value and might be a biomarker for AD. Molecular docking revealed the binding mode and major forces between DH and membrane proteins of Akkermansia. The overall results suggest a novel therapeutic mechanism for treating AD and highlight the critical role of gut microbiota in AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (Y.L.); (M.W.); (M.K.)
| | - Mengyao Wu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (Y.L.); (M.W.); (M.K.)
| | - Mengmeng Kong
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (Y.L.); (M.W.); (M.K.)
| | - Shaomei Sui
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China; (S.S.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China; (S.S.); (Q.W.)
| | - Yan He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China; (S.S.); (Q.W.)
| | - Jinsong Gu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; (Y.L.); (M.W.); (M.K.)
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Kilburn-Kappeler LR, Doerksen T, Lu A, Palinski RM, Lu N, Aldrich CG. Comparison of the Effect of Corn-fermented Protein and Traditional Ingredients on the Fecal Microbiota of Dogs. Vet Sci 2023; 10:553. [PMID: 37756074 PMCID: PMC10536651 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10090553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Corn-fermented protein (CFP), a co-product from the ethanol industry, is produced using post-fermentation technology to split the protein and yeast from fiber prior to drying. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of CFP compared to traditional ingredients on the fecal microbiota of dogs. The four experimental diets included a control with no yeast and diets containing either 3.5% brewer's dried yeast, 2.5% brewer's dried yeast plus 17.5% distiller's dried grains with solubles, or 17.5% CFP. The experimental diets were fed to adult dogs (n = 12) in a 4 × 4 replicated Latin square design. Fresh fecal samples (n = 48) were analyzed by 16S metagenomic sequencing. Raw sequences were processed through mothur. Community diversity was evaluated in R. Relative abundance data were analyzed within the 50 most abundant operational taxonomic units using a mixed model of SAS. Alpha and beta diversity were similar for all treatments. Predominant phyla among all samples were Firmicutes (73%), Bacteroidetes (15%), Fusobacteria (8%), and Actinobacteria (4%). There were no quantifiable (p > 0.05) shifts in the predominant phyla among the treatments. However, nine genera resulted in differences in relative abundance among the treatments. These data indicate that compared to traditional ingredients, CFP did not alter the overall diversity of the fecal microbiota of healthy adult dogs over 14 days.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tyler Doerksen
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (T.D.); (A.L.); (R.M.P.)
| | - Andrea Lu
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (T.D.); (A.L.); (R.M.P.)
| | - Rachel M. Palinski
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (T.D.); (A.L.); (R.M.P.)
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Nanyan Lu
- Bioinformatics Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Charles G. Aldrich
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
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Abdel-Kafy ESM, Kamel KI, Severgnini M, Morsy SHA, Cremonesi P, Ghoneim SS, Brecchia G, Ali NI, Abdel-Ghafar YZ, Ali WAH, Shabaan HMA. Diversity and Co-Occurrence Pattern Analysis of Cecal and Jejunal Microbiota in Two Rabbit Breeds. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2294. [PMID: 37508071 PMCID: PMC10376057 DOI: 10.3390/ani13142294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the productive performance and microbiota variation in the jejunum and cecum of two rabbit breeds with different growth rates. This study was carried out on Native Middle-Egypt Breed (NMER) and Giant Flanders (GF) rabbits from 5 weeks to 12 weeks of age. Twenty NMER (NM) and GF male rabbits were slaughtered, and the jejunum and cecum tracts were collected to assay gut microbiota composition via 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and histology examination. At 12 weeks of age, daily weight gain, villus height in the jejunum, total protein, and albumin were higher in GF rabbits than in NMER rabbits. Also, the jejunal villi of GF were well arranged in their dense borders. The microbiota between the jejunum and cecum was significantly different in terms of Beta-diversity. A significant correlation between Enterococcus (jejunum NM samples) and Lactobacillus (cecum GF samples) with body weight and weight gain was found (p < 0.05). Moreover, Escherichia-Shigella in the cecum of NM was significantly correlated with weight gain (p < 0.05). The most abundant genera identified in the jejunal and cecal contents of GF were generally beneficial microbiota. They may also play a role in reducing the pathogenic effects of Escherichia coli in these rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed M Abdel-Kafy
- Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza 12651, Egypt
| | - Kamel I Kamel
- Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza 12651, Egypt
| | - Marco Severgnini
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Via f.lli Cervi, 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy
| | - Shama H A Morsy
- Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza 12651, Egypt
| | - Paola Cremonesi
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council (IBBA-CNR), Via Einstein s/n, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Shereen S Ghoneim
- Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza 12651, Egypt
| | - Gabriele Brecchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milano, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Neama I Ali
- Department of Cell Biology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Yasmein Z Abdel-Ghafar
- Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza 12651, Egypt
| | - Wael A H Ali
- Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza 12651, Egypt
| | - Hoda M A Shabaan
- Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza 12651, Egypt
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Guan X, Zhu J, Yi L, Sun H, Yang M, Huang Y, Pan H, Wei H, Zhao H, Zhao Y, Zhao S. Comparison of the gut microbiota and metabolites between Diannan small ear pigs and Diqing Tibetan pigs. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1197981. [PMID: 37485506 PMCID: PMC10359432 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1197981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Host genetics and environment participate in the shaping of gut microbiota. Diannan small ear pigs and Diqing Tibetan pigs are excellent native pig breeds in China and live in different environments. However, the gut microbiota of Diannan small ear pigs and Diqing Tibetan pigs were still rarely understood. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the composition characteristics of gut microbiota and metabolites in Diannan small ear pigs and Diqing Tibetan pigs. Methods Fresh feces of 6 pigs were randomly collected from 20 4-month-old Diannan small ear pigs (DA group) and 20 4-month-old Diqing Tibetan pigs (TA group) for high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) non-targeted metabolome analysis. Results The results revealed that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in the two groups. Chao1 and ACE indices differed substantially between DA and TA groups. Compared with the DA group, the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae, and Ruminococcus was significantly enriched in the TA group, while the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae, Actinomyces, and Butyricicoccus was significantly reduced. Cholecalciferol, 5-dehydroepisterol, stigmasterol, adrenic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid were significantly enriched in DA group, which was involved in the steroid biosynthesis and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. 3-phenylpropanoic acid, L-tyrosine, phedrine, rhizoctin B, and rhizoctin D were significantly enriched in TA group, which was involved in the phenylalanine metabolism and phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism. Conclusion We found that significant differences in gut microbiota composition and metabolite between Diannan small ear pigs and Diqing Tibetan pigs, which provide a theoretical basis for exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and pig breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuancheng Guan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Junhong Zhu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Lanlan Yi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Haichao Sun
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Minghua Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongbin Pan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongjiang Wei
- Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation in Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Hongye Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation in Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yanguang Zhao
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Sumei Zhao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Cuciniello R, Di Meo F, Filosa S, Crispi S, Bergamo P. The Antioxidant Effect of Dietary Bioactives Arises from the Interplay between the Physiology of the Host and the Gut Microbiota: Involvement of Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051073. [PMID: 37237938 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of redox homeostasis is associated with a healthy status while the disruption of this mechanism leads to the development of various pathological conditions. Bioactive molecules such as carbohydrates accessible to the microbiota (MACs), polyphenols, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are food components best characterized for their beneficial effect on human health. In particular, increasing evidence suggests that their antioxidant ability is involved in the prevention of several human diseases. Some experimental data indicate that the activation of the nuclear factor 2-related erythroid 2 (Nrf2) pathway-the key mechanism in the maintenance of redox homeostasis-is involved in the beneficial effects exerted by the intake of PUFAs and polyphenols. However, it is known that the latter must be metabolized before becoming active and that the intestinal microbiota play a key role in the biotransformation of some ingested food components. In addition, recent studies, indicating the efficacy of the MACs, polyphenols, and PUFAs in increasing the microbial population with the ability to yield biologically active metabolites (e.g., polyphenol metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)), support the hypothesis that these factors are responsible for the antioxidant action on the physiology of the host. The underlying mechanisms through which MACs, polyphenols, and PUFAs might influence the redox status have not been fully elucidated, but based on the efficacy of SCFAs as Nrf2 activators, their contribution to the antioxidant efficacy of dietary bioactives cannot be excluded. In this review, we aimed to summarize the main mechanisms through which MACs, polyphenols, and PUFAs can modulate the host's redox homeostasis through their ability to directly or indirectly activate the Nrf2 pathway. We discuss their probiotic effects and the role played by the alteration of the metabolism/composition of the gut microbiota in the generation of potential Nrf2-ligands (e.g., SCFAs) in the host's redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Cuciniello
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111-80131 Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Meo
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111-80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Stefania Filosa
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111-80131 Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Stefania Crispi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Bergamo
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111-80131 Naples, Italy
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11
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Zhang C, Hou T, Wang J, Yu Q, Zhang Y, Sun Y. Clostridium butyricum alleviates LPS-induced acute immune stress in goats by regulating bacterial communities and blood metabolites. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1099186. [PMID: 36756118 PMCID: PMC9899838 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1099186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitigation and prevention of acute immune stress are essential for livestock production. Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) has shown positive effects in stabilizing intestinal microbiota disorders, improving immune function and inhibiting disease development, but its effects on ruminants are unclear. Therefore, the current trial hypothesized that C. butyricum could improve goats' immune function and antioxidant capacity by regulating bacterial communities and blood metabolism and effectively alleviating the acute immune stress induced by Lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Sixteen healthy goats were fed C. butyricum for 70 days, and the goats were challenged with LPS on day 71. Blood and feces were collected at 0 h and 6 h after the challenge to evaluate the effects of C. butyricum on their intestinal microbiota, immune function, antioxidant function, and plasma metabolites. The results showed that C. butyricum had no significant effect on plasma biochemical parameters at the beginning of the LPS challenge. However, supplementation with C. butyricum increased plasma levels of IgA, IgG, T-SOD, and T-AOC (P < 0.05), but TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA were decreased (P < 0.05). In contrast, IL-10 showed an increasing trend (P < 0.10). Rectal microbiota analysis showed that C. butyricum significantly increased the relative abundance of Epsilonbacteraeota at the phylum level of goats; at the genus level, the relative abundances of Campylobacter and Anaerorhabdus]_furcosa_group were also significantly increased (P < 0.05). Christensenellaceae_R-7_group as the dominant microbiota also showed a significant increase in their abundance values, while Clostridium and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-001 were significantly lower (P < 0.05). When the LPS challenge continued up to 6 h, dietary supplementation with C. butyricum still resulted in significantly higher plasma concentrations of IgA, IL-10, and T-SOD in goats than in the control group, reducing TNF-α levels (P < 0.05). In addition, plasma levels of T-CHOL and LDL were significantly reduced, and the expression of d-proline was significantly upregulated according to metabolomic analysis (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with C. butyricum helped optimize the expression of bacterial communities and plasma metabolites to enhance the ability of goats to alleviate acute immune stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengrui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingyi Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jihong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingyuan Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yonggen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yukun Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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12
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Guo G, Wu Y, Liu Y, Wang Z, Xu G, Wang X, Liang F, Lai W, Xiao X, Zhu Q, Zhong S. Exploring the causal effects of the gut microbiome on serum lipid levels: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1113334. [PMID: 36876057 PMCID: PMC9978097 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1113334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiome was reported to be associated with dyslipidemia in previous observational studies. However, whether the composition of the gut microbiome has a causal effect on serum lipid levels remains unclear. Objective A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to investigate the potential causal relationships between gut microbial taxa and serum lipid levels, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and log-transformed triglyceride (TG) levels. Materials and methods Summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for the gut microbiome and four blood lipid traits were obtained from public datasets. Five recognized MR methods were applied to assess the causal estimates, among which, the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) regression was used as the primary MR method. A series of sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the causal estimates. Results The combined results from the five MR methods and sensitivity analysis showed 59 suggestive causal associations and four significant causal associations. In particular, genus Terrisporobacter was associated with higher LDL-C (P IVW = 3.01 × 10-6) and TC levels (P IVW = 2.11 × 10-4), phylum Actinobacteria was correlated with higher LDL-C level (P IVW = 4.10 × 10-4), and genus Oscillospira was associated with lower TG level (P IVW = 2.19 × 10-6). Conclusion This research may provide novel insights into the causal relationships of the gut microbiome on serum lipid levels and new therapeutic or prevention strategies for dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongjie Guo
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonglin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingjian Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zixian Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guifeng Xu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xipei Wang
- Laboratory of Phase I Clinical Trials, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feiqing Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihua Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shilong Zhong
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Phase I Clinical Trials, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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13
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Sun J, Chen W, Yuan Z. Characterization of Intestinal Microbiota in Lambs with Different Susceptibility to Escherichia coli F17. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9120670. [PMID: 36548832 PMCID: PMC9782581 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9120670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea is one of the most commonly reported diseases in young farm animals. Escherichia coli (E. coli) F17 is one of the major pathogenic bacteria responsible for diarrhea. However, the pathogenicity of diarrhea in lambs involving E. coli F17 strains and how E. coli F17 infection modifies lambs' intestinal microbiota are largely unknown. To evaluate diarrhea in newborn lambs with an infection of E. coli F17, 50 lambs were selected for challenge experiments and divided into four groups, namely, a high-dose challenge group, low-dose challenge group, positive control group, and negative control group. The E. coli F17 challenge experiments caused diarrhea and increased mortality in the experimental lamb population, with a higher prevalence (90%), mortality (35%), and rapid onset time (4-12 h) being observed in the high-dose challenge group than the results observed in the low-dose challenge group (75%, 10%, 6-24 h, respectively). After the challenge experiment, healthy lambs in the high-dose challenge group and severely diarrheic lamb in the low-dose challenge group were identified as lambs sensitive/resistant to E. coli F17 (E. coli F17 -resistant/-sensitive candidate, AN/SE) according to the histopathological detection. Results of intestinal contents bacteria plate counting revealed that the number of bacteria in the intestinal contents of SE lambs was 102~3-fold greater than that of the AN lambs, especially in the jejunum. Then, 16S rRNA sequencing was conducted to profile the intestinal microbiota using the jejunal contents, and the results showed that SE lambs had higher Lactococcus and a lower Bacteroidetes:Firmicutes ratio and intestinal microbiota diversity in the jejunum than AN lambs. Notably, high abundance of Megasphaera elsdenii was revealed in AN lambs, which indicated that Megasphaera elsdenii may serve as a potential probiotic for E. coli F17 infection. Our study provides an alternative challenge model for the identification of E. coli F17-sensitive/-resistant lambs and contributes to the basic understandings of intestinal microbiota in lambs with different susceptibilities to E. coli F17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Weihao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zehu Yuan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence:
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14
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Long J, Wang J, Li Y, Chen S. Gut microbiota in ischemic stroke: Where we stand and challenges ahead. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1008514. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1008514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is increasingly recognized to affect host health and disease, including ischemic stroke (IS). Here, we systematically review the current understanding linking gut microbiota as well as the associated metabolites to the pathogenesis of IS (e.g., oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation). Of relevance, we highlight that the implications of gut microbiota-dependent intervention could be harnessed in orchestrating IS.
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15
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Xu W, Zou K, Zhan Y, Cai Y, Zhang Z, Tao X, Qiu L, Wei H. Enterococcus faecium GEFA01 alleviates hypercholesterolemia by promoting reverse cholesterol transportation via modulating the gut microbiota-SCFA axis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1020734. [PMID: 36424921 PMCID: PMC9678928 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1020734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify cholesterol-lowering commensal strains from healthy lean individuals and to evaluate the cholesterol-lowering capacity of Enterococcus faecium GEFA01 in mice fed a high-cholesterol and high-fat diet. E. faecium GEFA01 was isolated from the feces of a healthy lean individual in a selective basal salt medium supplemented with cholesterol. E. faecium GEFA01 exhibited a cholesterol removal rate (CRR) of 46.13% by coprecipitation, assimilation, and degradation of cholesterol. Moreover, E. faecium GEFA01 significantly decreased the body weight of mice and the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), hepatic TC, triglycerides (TG), and LDL-C, and increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet compared with the HCD group. We also observed that E. faecium GEFA01 significantly downregulated the gene expression of HMG-CoA reductase (Hmgcr), Srebp-1c, Fxr, Shp, and Fgf 15, upregulated the gene expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr), Abcg5/8, Abca1, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1), and Lxr in the liver of mice in relative to the HCD group, markedly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Roseburia, and decreased the abundance of Helicobacter in the feces. Collectively, we confirmed that E. faecium GEFA01 exhibited cholesterol-lowering effects in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet, which was achieved through assimilation, coprecipitation, and degradation of cholesterol, and through modulation of the gut microbiota short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) axis that promoted reverse cholesterol transport and bile acid excretion. Our study demonstrated that E. faecium GEFA01 may be used as a probiotic candidate to lower cholesterol levels in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kaixiang Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yunjie Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xueying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liang Qiu
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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16
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Zhou Y, Luo Y, Yu B, Zheng P, Yu J, Huang Z, Mao X, Luo J, Yan H, He J. Agrobacterium sp. ZX09 β-Glucan Attenuates Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-Induced Disruption of Intestinal Epithelium in Weaned Pigs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810290. [PMID: 36142202 PMCID: PMC9499454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the protective effect of dietary β-glucan (BGL) supplementation on intestinal epithelium exposure to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), thirty-two weaned pigs were assigned to four groups. Pigs were fed with a basal diet or basal diet containing 500 mg/kg BGL, and were orally infused with ETEC or culture medium. Results showed BGL supplementation had no influence on growth performance in weaned pigs. However, BGL supplementation increased the absorption of D-xylose, and significantly decreased the serum concentrations of D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) in the ETEC-challenged pigs (p < 0.05). Interestingly, BGL significantly increased the abundance of the zonula occludens-1-(ZO-1) in the jejunal epithelium upon ETEC challenge (p < 0.05). BGL supplementation also increased the number of S-phase cells and the number of sIgA-positive cells, but significantly decreased the number of total apoptotic cells in the jejunal epithelium upon ETEC challenge (p < 0.05). Moreover, BGL significantly increased the duodenal catalase (CAT) activity and the ileal total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in the ETEC-challenged pigs (p < 0.05). Importantly, BGL significantly decreased the expression levels of critical inflammation related proteins such as the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interlukin-6 (IL-6), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the jejunal and ileal mucosa upon ETEC challenge (p < 0.05). BGL also elevated the propanoic acid content and the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bacillus in the colon upon ETEC challenge (p < 0.05). These results suggested BGL could alleviate the ETEC-induced intestinal epithelium injury, which may be associated with suppressed inflammation and improved intestinal immunity and antioxidant capacity, as well as the improved intestinal macrobiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankang Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Animal Nutrition Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Animal Nutrition Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Animal Nutrition Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Animal Nutrition Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Animal Nutrition Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Animal Nutrition Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Animal Nutrition Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Animal Nutrition Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 625014, China
| | - Jun He
- Animal Nutrition Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 625014, China
- Correspondence:
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17
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Wang J, Xia S, Fan H, Shao J, Tang T, Yang L, Sun W, Jia X, Chen S, Lai S. Microbiomics Revealed the Disturbance of Intestinal Balance in Rabbits with Diarrhea Caused by Stopping the Use of an Antibiotic Diet. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050841. [PMID: 35630287 PMCID: PMC9145392 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The harmful effects of diarrhea on the growth performance of rabbits have been well documented, but the details of the potential mechanism of intestinal diarrhea when antibiotics are stopped are still unclear. Here, PacBio sequencing technology was used to sequence the full length 16S rRNA gene of the microbiota of intestinal content samples, in order to characterize the bacterial communities in the small intestine (duodenum and jejunum) and large intestine (colon and cecum) in normal Hyplus rabbits and those with diarrhea. The histopathological examination showed that intestinal necrosis occurred in different degrees in the diarrhea group, and that the mucosal epithelium was shed and necrotic, forming erosion, and the clinical manifestation was necrosis. However, the intestinal tissue structure of the normal group was normal. The results revealed that there were significant differences in bacterial communities and structure between the diarrhea and normal groups of four intestinal segments (p < 0.05). In general, 16 bacterial phyla, 144 bacterial genera and 22 metabolic pathways were identified in the two groups. Tax4Fun functional prediction analysis showed that KEGG related to amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism was enriched in the large intestines of rabbits with diarrhea, whereas lipid metabolism was more abundant in the small intestine of rabbits with diarrhea. In conclusion, the change in the relative abundance of the identified dominant microbiota, which could deplete key anti-inflammatory metabolites and lead to bacterial imbalance and diarrhea, resulted in diarrhea in Hyplus rabbits that stopped using antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (W.S.); (X.J.); (S.C.)
| | - Siqi Xia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.X.); (H.F.); (J.S.); (T.T.); (L.Y.)
| | - Huimei Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.X.); (H.F.); (J.S.); (T.T.); (L.Y.)
| | - Jiahao Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.X.); (H.F.); (J.S.); (T.T.); (L.Y.)
| | - Tao Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.X.); (H.F.); (J.S.); (T.T.); (L.Y.)
| | - Li Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.X.); (H.F.); (J.S.); (T.T.); (L.Y.)
| | - Wenqiang Sun
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (W.S.); (X.J.); (S.C.)
| | - Xianbo Jia
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (W.S.); (X.J.); (S.C.)
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (W.S.); (X.J.); (S.C.)
| | - Songjia Lai
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (W.S.); (X.J.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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Ma N, Sun Y, Chen J, Qi Z, Liu C, Ma X. Micro-Coevolution of Genetics Rather Than Diet With Enterotype in Pigs. Front Nutr 2022; 9:846974. [PMID: 35392290 PMCID: PMC8982514 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.846974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the characteristic of low diarrhea in native Chinese breeds, we introduce the enterotype model for piglets, which is a new perspective to decipher the colonization and the transition of the gut microbiota among various pig breeds. After eliminating environmental influences represented by diet, the microbiota, mainly shaped by host genetics, is focused. Three representative enterotype clusters were identified, which were represented by Bacteroides, Streptococcus, and Lactobacillus. Chinese native breeds were distributed in enterotype 1 (E1) and E3, which collectively drove the diversification and functionality of the microbial community of various Chinese pig breeds. Next, the Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri), which is the representative strain of E3, was specifically isolated in all three enterotypes. The excellent stress-resistance of L. reuteri-E3 not only highlighted the stronger disease resistance of Chinese breeds but also had a great potential to intervene in weaned piglet diseases. Enterotype classification based on host genetics is much more deterministic and predictable, clarifying the driver of the host-microbiome dynamics and constructing the picture of the micro-coevolution of human host genetics with the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiashun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zengkai Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Ma
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