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Rajput SN, Naeem BK, Ali A, Salim A, Khan I. Expansion of human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:410-433. [PMID: 38690517 PMCID: PMC11056638 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i4.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that possess the potential for self-renewal with the capacity to differentiate into multiple lineages. In humans, their limited numbers pose a challenge in fulfilling the necessary demands for the regeneration and repair of damaged tissues or organs. Studies suggested that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), necessary for repair and regeneration via transplantation, require doses ranging from 10 to 400 million cells. Furthermore, the limited expansion of MSCs restricts their therapeutic application. AIM To optimize a novel protocol to achieve qualitative and quantitative expansion of MSCs to reach the targeted number of cells for cellular transplantation and minimize the limitations in stem cell therapy protocols. METHODS Human umbilical cord (hUC) tissue derived MSCs were obtained and re-cultured. These cultured cells were subjected to the following evaluation procedures: Immunophenotyping, immunocytochemical staining, trilineage differentiation, population doubling time and number, gene expression markers for proliferation, cell cycle progression, senescence-associated β-galactosidase assay, human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression, mycoplasma, cytomegalovirus and endotoxin detection. RESULTS Analysis of pluripotent gene markers Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog in recultured hUC-MSC revealed no significant differences. The immunophenotypic markers CD90, CD73, CD105, CD44, vimentin, CD29, Stro-1, and Lin28 were positively expressed by these recultured expanded MSCs, and were found negative for CD34, CD11b, CD19, CD45, and HLA-DR. The recultured hUC-MSC population continued to expand through passage 15. Proliferative gene expression of Pax6, BMP2, and TGFb1 showed no significant variation between recultured hUC-MSC groups. Nevertheless, a significant increase (P < 0.001) in the mitotic phase of the cell cycle was observed in recultured hUC-MSCs. Cellular senescence markers (hTERT expression and β-galactosidase activity) did not show any negative effect on recultured hUC-MSCs. Additionally, quality control assessments consistently confirmed the absence of mycoplasma, cytomegalovirus, and endotoxin contamination. CONCLUSION This study proposes the development of a novel protocol for efficiently expanding stem cell population. This would address the growing demand for larger stem cell doses needed for cellular transplantation and will significantly improve the feasibility of stem cell based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafiqa Naeem Rajput
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Kiran Naeem
- Surgical Unit 4, Dr. Ruth KM Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi 74400, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Ali
- Department of Physiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Research, and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Sindh, Pakistan.
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Khaseb S, Atashi A, Kaviani S, Rezai Rad M, Ajami M, Ajami M. Expression analysis of genes involved in the expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (SCF, Flt3-L, TPO, IL-3, and IL-6) in unrestricted somatic stem cells cultured on fibrin. Biochimie 2023; 212:135-142. [PMID: 37116684 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation is a promising therapeutic approach for patients lacking HLA-matched donors. A main limitation to the use of UCB-derived HSCs (UCB-HSCs) is the low number of transplantable cells. Novel culture strategies are being developed to increase the number of HSCs. Unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) have been identified as promising stromal cells for supporting HSC expansion. The current study aimed to explore the effect of fibrin on the expression of hematopoiesis-related genes (SCF, Flt3-L, TPO, IL-3, and IL-6) in USSCs. USSCs were isolated from UCB and characterized by flow cytometry and in vitro multilineage differentiation ability. DAPI staining and the MTT assay were used to assess the effect of fibrin on USSC viability. The cell attachment was evaluated using SEM. qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate the expression of SCF, Flt3-L, TPO, IL-3, and IL-6 in USSCs cultured on 3D fibrin scaffolds. USSCs were positive for CD73, CD105, and CD166 and negative for CD45. Alizarin red and Oil red O stains confirmed calcium deposition and lipid vacuoles in USSCs. Results obtained from DAPI and MTT assays revealed a positive effect of fibrin on USSC viability. Cells cultured on fibrin express significantly higher levels of SCF and TPO compared to those grown in a 2D environment. The positive effect of fibrin on IL-6 levels was reversed. Fibrin did not affect Flt3-L expression and IL-3 mRNA expression was not detected in either group. The results of this study provide the basis for developing further research on the ex vivo expansion of HSCs with USSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Khaseb
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Atashi
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
| | - Saeid Kaviani
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Rezai Rad
- Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Monireh Ajami
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mansoureh Ajami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
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3
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Luo H, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Long S, Lin X, Yang A, Duan J, Yang N, Yang Z, Che Q, Yang Y, Guo T, Zi D, Ouyang W, Yang W, Zeng Z, Zhao X. NK cell-derived exosomes enhance the anti-tumor effects against ovarian cancer by delivering cisplatin and reactivating NK cell functions. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1087689. [PMID: 36741396 PMCID: PMC9892755 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1087689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membranous vesicles actively secreted by almost all cells and they deliver certain intracellular molecules, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, to target cells. They are also considered to be good carriers for drug delivery due to their biocompatibility, high permeability, low immunogenicity, and low toxicity. Exosomes from immune cells were also reported to have immunomodulatory activities. Herein we evaluated the application of exosomes derived from expanded natural killer cells (eNK-EXO) for the treatment of ovarian cancer (OC). We demonstrate that eNK-EXO express typical protein markers of natural killer (NK) cells, can be preferentially uptaken by SKOV3 cells, and display cytotoxicity against OC cells. Furthermore, eNK-EXO loaded with cisplatin could sensitize drug-resistant OC cells to the anti-proliferation effect of cisplatin. In addition, we show that eNK-EXO could activate NK cells from immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, the mechanism of which is explored by transcriptional analysis. In summary, eNK-EXO exhibit anti-tumor activity against OC on its own, could be used to deliver cisplatin and enhance its cytotoxic effect against drug-resistant OC cells and also reverse the immunosuppression of NK cells, which may lead to great prospect of using eNK-EXO in the treatment of OC in the clinic. Our work also builds a strong foundation for further evaluation of eNK-EXO in other solid tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyong Luo
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Experiment Center, Guizhou Medical University (GMU), Guiyang, Guizhou, China,Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Experiment Center, Guizhou Medical University (GMU), Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shiqi Long
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaojin Lin
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Experiment Center, Guizhou Medical University (GMU), Guiyang, Guizhou, China,Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Anqing Yang
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Experiment Center, Guizhou Medical University (GMU), Guiyang, Guizhou, China,Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiangyao Duan
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Na Yang
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Experiment Center, Guizhou Medical University (GMU), Guiyang, Guizhou, China,Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhiru Yang
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Experiment Center, Guizhou Medical University (GMU), Guiyang, Guizhou, China,Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qiyuan Che
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Experiment Center, Guizhou Medical University (GMU), Guiyang, Guizhou, China,Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Experiment Center, Guizhou Medical University (GMU), Guiyang, Guizhou, China,Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dan Zi
- Department of gynaecology and obstetrics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Weiwei Ouyang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immune and Antibody Engineering of Guizhou Province/Engineering Research Center of Cellular Immunotherapy of Guizhou Province/Department of Biology and Engineering, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Xing Zhao, ; Zhu Zeng,
| | - Xing Zhao
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Experiment Center, Guizhou Medical University (GMU), Guiyang, Guizhou, China,Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China,*Correspondence: Xing Zhao, ; Zhu Zeng,
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Li M, Morse B, Kassim S. Development and clinical translation considerations for the next wave of gene modified hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells therapies. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2022; 22:1177-1191. [PMID: 35833356 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2022.2101361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Consistent and reliable manufacture of gene modified hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HPSC) therapies will be of the utmost importance as they become more mainstream and address larger populations. Robust development campaigns will be needed to ensure that these products will be delivered to patients with the highest quality standards. AREAS COVERED Through publicly available manuscripts, press releases, and news articles - this review touches on aspects related to HSPC therapy, development, and manufacturing. EXPERT OPINION Recent advances in genome modification technology coupled with the longstanding clinical success of HSPCs warrants great optimism for the next generation of engineered HSPC-based therapies. Treatments for some diseases that have thus far been intractable now appear within reach. Reproducible manufacturing will be of critical importance in delivering these therapies but will be challenging due to the need for bespoke materials and methods in combination with the lack of off-the-shelf solutions. Continued progress in the field will manifest in the form of industrialization which currently requires attention and resources directed toward the custom reagents, a focus on closed and automated processes, and safer and more precise genome modification technologies that will enable broader, faster, and safer access to these life-changing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brent Morse
- Dark Horse Consulting Group, Walnut Creek, CA, USA
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Janowiak-Majeranowska A, Lebiedziński F, Majeranowski A. Bone marrow donation in Poland: 2021 update, and the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. CLINICAL ETHICS 2022; 17:22-31. [PMID: 35250386 PMCID: PMC8819559 DOI: 10.1177/14777509211036643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a treatment modality that saves the
health and lives of a growing number of patients around the world. In the
majority of cases, the procedure is conducted to treat haematologic neoplasms,
although it can also be used as a therapy for some non-haematooncological
diseases. The progress that has been taking place in the field of haematopoietic
stem cell transplantation involves the need for recruiting more and more
potential unrelated bone marrow donors for allotransplantation. In Poland, the
number of people registering as potential bone marrow donors has been
continuously growing and in order to maintain this trend, it is necessary, above
all, to consistently spread the noble idea of bone marrow donation and to raise
Poles’ awareness and knowledge about haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Unfortunately, the situation caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 pandemic limited the opportunities to act in public space and, as
a consequence, it has become more difficult to achieve the objectives associated
with recruiting new potential donors. The article provides a presentation of
ethical and practical aspects associated with bone marrow donations as well as
an overview of the legal situation concerning bone marrow donating and
transplantation in Poland. The purpose of the paper is to also present some of
the changes in transplantation procedures that have emerged as a consequence of
the current epidemiological situation. The authors would like to emphasize the
importance and the rightfulness of taking action that enables further
development of transplantology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alan Majeranowski
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.,Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Shokouhifar A, Firouzi J, Nouri M, Sarab GA, Ebrahimi M. NK cell upraise in the dark world of cancer stem cells. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:682. [PMID: 34923966 PMCID: PMC8684645 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the obstacles in treating different cancers, especially solid tumors, is cancer stem cells (CSCs) with their ability in resistance to chemo/radio therapy. The efforts for finding advanced treatments to overcome these cells have led to the emergence of advanced immune cell-based therapy (AICBT). Today, NK cells have become the center of attention since they have been proved to show an appropriate cytotoxicity against different cancer types as well as the capability of detecting and killing CSCs. Attempts for reaching an off-the-shelf source of NK cells have been made and resulted in the emergence of chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cells (CAR-NK cells). The CAR technology has then been used for generating more cytotoxic and efficient NK cells, which has increased the hope for cancer treatment. Since utilizing this advanced technology to target CSCs have been published in few studies, the present study has focused on discussing the characteristics of CSCs, which are detected and targeted by NK cells, the advantages and restrictions of using CAR-NK cells in CSCs treatment and the probable challenges in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shokouhifar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Genomic Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, 16635-148, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Firouzi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, 16635-148, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Nouri
- R&D Department, Royan Stem Cell Technology Co., Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Anani Sarab
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, 16635-148, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, 14155-4364, Tehran, Iran.
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Roma S, Carpen L, Raveane A, Bertolini F. The Dual Role of Innate Lymphoid and Natural Killer Cells in Cancer. from Phenotype to Single-Cell Transcriptomics, Functions and Clinical Uses. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205042. [PMID: 34680190 PMCID: PMC8533946 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), a family of innate immune cells including natural killers (NKs), play a multitude of roles in first-line cancer control, in escape from immunity and in cancer progression. In this review, we summarize preclinical and clinical data on ILCs and NK cells concerning their phenotype, function and clinical applications in cellular therapy trials. We also describe how single-cell transcriptome sequencing has been used and forecast how it will be used to better understand ILC and NK involvement in cancer control and progression as well as their therapeutic potential. Abstract The role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), including natural killer (NK) cells, is pivotal in inflammatory modulation and cancer. Natural killer cell activity and count have been demonstrated to be regulated by the expression of activating and inhibitory receptors together with and as a consequence of different stimuli. The great majority of NK cell populations have an anti-tumor activity due to their cytotoxicity, and for this reason have been used for cellular therapies in cancer patients. On the other hand, the recently classified helper ILCs are fundamentally involved in inflammation and they can be either helpful or harmful in cancer development and progression. Tissue niche seems to play an important role in modulating ILC function and conversion, as observed at the transcriptional level. In the past, these cell populations have been classified by the presence of specific cellular receptor markers; more recently, due to the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), it has been possible to also explore them at the transcriptomic level. In this article we review studies on ILC (and NK cell) classification, function and their involvement in cancer. We also summarize the potential application of NK cells in cancer therapy and give an overview of the most recent studies involving ILCs and NKs at scRNA-seq, focusing on cancer. Finally, we provide a resource for those who wish to start single-cell transcriptomic analysis on the context of these innate lymphoid cell populations.
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Shokouhifar A, Anani Sarab G, Yazdanifar M, Fereidouni M, Nouri M, Ebrahimi M. Overcoming the UCB HSCs -Derived NK cells Dysfunction through Harnessing RAS/MAPK, IGF-1R and TGF-β Signaling Pathways. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:298. [PMID: 34098947 PMCID: PMC8185927 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01983-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The natural killer (NK) cells differentiated from umbilical cord blood (UCB) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) may be more suitable for cell-based immunotherapy compared to the NK cells from adult donors. This is due to the possibility to choose alloreactive donors and potentially more robust in vivo expansion. However, the cytotoxicity of UCB-HSC-derived NK cells against cancer cells might be suboptimal. To overcome this obstacle, we attempted to generate NK cells with potent antitumor activity by targeting RAS/MAPK, IGF-1R and TGF-β signaling pathways using IL-15, IGF-1 and SIS3 respectively. Methods The CD34 + cells were isolated from human UCB mononuclear cells through magnetic activation cell sorting (MACS) with purity of (≥ 90%) and were subjected to differentiate into NK cells. After 21 days of induction with SFTG36 (SCF, FLt-3L, TPO, GM-CSF, IL-3 and IL-6), IS721 (IGF-1, SIS3, IL-7 and IL-21) and IL-15/Hsp70 media, NK cells phenotypes were studied and their cytotoxicity against K562 human erythroleukemia cells and SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cells was analyzed. Results The NK cells induced in SFTG36/IS721 medium were selected for activation due to their higher expression of CD56 + 16 + CD3 − (93.23% ± 0.75) and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of NKG2D + (168.66 ± 20.00) and also a higher fold expansion potential (11.893 ± 1.712) compared to the other groups. These cells once activated with IL-15, demonstrated a higher cytotoxicity against K562 (≥ 90%; P ≤ 0.001) and SKOV3 tumor cells (≥ 65%; P ≤ 0.001) compared to IL-15/Hsp70-activated NK cells. Conclusions The differentiation of ex vivo expanded CD34 + cells through manipulation of RAS/MAPK, IGF-1R and TGF-β signaling pathways is an efficient approach for generating functional NK cells that can be used for cancer immunotherapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01983-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shokouhifar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Genomic Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Anani Sarab
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Mahboubeh Yazdanifar
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Fereidouni
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Nouri
- R&D Department, Royan Stem Cell Technology Co, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Islami M, Soleimanifar F. A Review of Evaluating Hematopoietic Stem Cells Derived from Umbilical Cord Blood's Expansion and Homing. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:250-262. [PMID: 31976846 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15666200124115444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) derived from umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been taken into account as a therapeutic approach in patients with hematologic malignancies. Unfortunately, there are limitations concerning HSC transplantation (HSCT), including (a) low contents of UCB-HSCs in a single unit of UCB and (b) defects in UCB-HSC homing to their niche. Therefore, delays are observed in hematopoietic and immunologic recovery and homing. Among numerous strategies proposed, ex vivo expansion of UCB-HSCs to enhance UCB-HSC dose without any differentiation into mature cells is known as an efficient procedure that is able to alter clinical treatments through adjusting transplantation-related results and making them available. Accordingly, culture type, cytokine combinations, O2 level, co-culture with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), as well as gene manipulation of UCB-HSCs can have effects on their expansion and growth. Besides, defects in homing can be resolved by exposing UCB-HSCs to compounds aimed at improving homing. Fucosylation of HSCs before expansion, CXCR4-SDF-1 axis partnership and homing gene involvement are among strategies that all depend on efficiency, reasonable costs, and confirmation of clinical trials. In general, the present study reviewed factors improving the expansion and homing of UCB-HSCs aimed at advancing hematopoietic recovery and expansion in clinical applications and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Islami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soleimanifar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
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10
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Papa L, Djedaini M, Martin TC, Zangui M, Beaumont KG, Sebra R, Parsons R, Schaniel C, Hoffman R. Limited Mitochondrial Activity Coupled With Strong Expression of CD34, CD90 and EPCR Determines the Functional Fitness of ex vivo Expanded Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:592348. [PMID: 33384995 PMCID: PMC7769876 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.592348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo expansion strategies of human hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) grafts with suboptimal stem cell dose have emerged as promising strategies for improving outcomes of HSC transplantation in patients with hematological malignancies. While exposure of HSCs to ex vivo cultures expands the number of phenotypically identifiable HSCs, it frequently alters the transcriptomic and metabolic profiles, therefore, compromising their long-term (LT) hematopoietic reconstitution capacity. Within the heterogeneous pool of expanded HSCs, the precise phenotypic, transcriptomic and metabolic profile and thus, the identity of HSCs that confer LT repopulation potential remains poorly described. Utilizing valproic acid (VPA) in ex vivo cultures of umbilical cord blood (UCB)-CD34+ cells, we demonstrate that expanded HSCs phenotypically marked by expression of the stem cell markers CD34, CD90 and EPCR (CD201) are highly enriched for LT-HSCs. Furthermore, we report that low mitochondrial membrane potential, and, hence, mitochondrial activity distinguishes LT-HSCs within the expanded pool of phenotypically defined HSCs. Remarkably, such reduced mitochondrial activity is restricted to cells with the highest expression levels of CD34, CD90 and EPCR phenotypic markers. Together, our findings reveal that high expression of CD34, CD90 and EPCR in conjunction with low mitochondrial activity is critical for identification of functional LT-HSCs generated within ex vivo expansion cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luena Papa
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mansour Djedaini
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tiphaine C Martin
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mahtab Zangui
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kristin G Beaumont
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ramon Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christoph Schaniel
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Mount Sinai Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ronald Hoffman
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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11
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Valid Presumption of Shiga Toxin-Mediated Damage of Developing Erythrocytes in EHEC-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12060373. [PMID: 32512916 PMCID: PMC7354503 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12060373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global emergence of clinical diseases caused by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is an issue of great concern. EHEC release Shiga toxins (Stxs) as their key virulence factors, and investigations on the cell-damaging mechanisms toward target cells are inevitable for the development of novel mitigation strategies. Stx-mediated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), characterized by the triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal injury, is the most severe outcome of an EHEC infection. Hemolytic anemia during HUS is defined as the loss of erythrocytes by mechanical disruption when passing through narrowed microvessels. The formation of thrombi in the microvasculature is considered an indirect effect of Stx-mediated injury mainly of the renal microvascular endothelial cells, resulting in obstructions of vessels. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent data providing evidence that HUS-associated hemolytic anemia may arise not only from intravascular rupture of erythrocytes, but also from the extravascular impairment of erythropoiesis, the development of red blood cells in the bone marrow, via direct Stx-mediated damage of maturing erythrocytes, leading to “non-hemolytic” anemia.
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12
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Terrén I, Orrantia A, Mikelez-Alonso I, Vitallé J, Zenarruzabeitia O, Borrego F. NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020316. [PMID: 32013092 PMCID: PMC7072691 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that are able to kill tumor cells without prior sensitization. It has been shown that NK cells play a pivotal role in a variety of cancers, highlighting their relevance in tumor immunosurveillance. NK cell infiltration has been reported in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the most frequent kidney cancer in adults, and their presence has been associated with patients’ survival. However, the role of NK cells in this disease is not yet fully understood. In this review, we summarize the biology of NK cells and the mechanisms through which they are able to recognize and kill tumor cells. Furthermore, we discuss the role that NK cells play in renal cell carcinoma, and review current strategies that are being used to boost and exploit their cytotoxic capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Terrén
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.T.); (A.O.); (I.M.-A.); (J.V.); (O.Z.)
| | - Ane Orrantia
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.T.); (A.O.); (I.M.-A.); (J.V.); (O.Z.)
| | - Idoia Mikelez-Alonso
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.T.); (A.O.); (I.M.-A.); (J.V.); (O.Z.)
- CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Joana Vitallé
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.T.); (A.O.); (I.M.-A.); (J.V.); (O.Z.)
| | - Olatz Zenarruzabeitia
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.T.); (A.O.); (I.M.-A.); (J.V.); (O.Z.)
| | - Francisco Borrego
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.T.); (A.O.); (I.M.-A.); (J.V.); (O.Z.)
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-94-600-6000 (ext. 7079)
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13
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Mu YX, Zhao YX, Li BY, Bao HJ, Jiang H, Qi XL, Bai LY, Wang YH, Ma ZJ, Wu XY. A simple method for in vitro preparation of natural killer cells from cord blood. BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:80. [PMID: 31752805 PMCID: PMC6869212 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0564-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cord Blood (CB) has been considered a promising source of natural killer (NK) cells for cellular immunotherapy. However, it is difficult to expand the large numbers of highly pure NK cells from CB without cell sorting and feeder cells/multiple cytokines. In this study, we try to develop a simple, safe and economical method for ex vivo expansion and purification of NK cells from CB without cell sorting and feeder cells/multiple cytokines. Results The large numbers (mean: 1.59 × 1010) of highly pure (≥90%) NK cells from CB could be obtained through interleukin-2, group A streptococcus and zoledronate stimulation of mononuclear cells using the 21-day culture approach. When compared to resting NK cells, expanded NK cells were a higher expression of activating receptors CD16, NKG2D, NKp30, NKp44, NKp46 and activating markers CD62L and CD69, while the inhibitory receptors, CD158a and CD158b remained largely unchanged. In addition, these cells showed a higher concentration of IFN-γ, TNF-α and GM-CSF secretion and cytotoxicity to K562 cells and acute myeloid leukemia targets than resting NK cells. Conclusion We develop a simple, safe and economical method to obtain high yield, purity, and functionality NK cells from CB without cell sorting and feeder cells/multiple cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu Mu
- Interventional Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yu Xia Zhao
- Department of Blood, the People's Hospital of Xing'an League, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bing Yao Li
- Department of Medicine, Chifeng Cancer Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hong Jing Bao
- Department of Blood, the People's Hospital of Xing'an League, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Blood, the People's Hospital of Xing'an League, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiao Lei Qi
- Department of Blood, the People's Hospital of Xing'an League, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Li Yun Bai
- Department of Blood, the People's Hospital of Xing'an League, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yun Hong Wang
- Department of Technology, Stem Cell Medicine Engineering & Technology Research Center of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Department of Research and Development, Beijing Jingmeng Stem Cell Technology CO., LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Jie Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiao Yun Wu
- Department of Technology, Stem Cell Medicine Engineering & Technology Research Center of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China. .,Department of Research and Development, Beijing Jingmeng Stem Cell Technology CO., LTD, Beijing, China.
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14
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Nevo N, Zuckerman T, Gur-Cohen S, Kollet O, Avemaria F, Shpall EJ, Mendt MC, Nagler A, Brenner B, Ben Arush M, Lapidot T. PAR1 Expression Predicts Clinical G-CSF CD34 + HSPC Mobilization and Repopulation Potential in Transplanted Patients. Hemasphere 2019; 3:e288. [PMID: 31942543 PMCID: PMC6919473 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Neta Nevo
- The Joan and Sanford Weill pediatric Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Division, Ruth Rappaport children's Hospital, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tsila Zuckerman
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Division, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shiri Gur-Cohen
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Orit Kollet
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Francesca Avemaria
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | - Arnon Nagler
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Division, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Benjamin Brenner
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Division, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Myriam Ben Arush
- The Joan and Sanford Weill pediatric Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Division, Ruth Rappaport children's Hospital, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tsvee Lapidot
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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15
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Powell AB, Yadavilli S, Saunders D, Van Pelt S, Chorvinsky E, Burga RA, Albihani S, Hanley PJ, Xu Z, Pei Y, Yvon ES, Hwang EI, Bollard CM, Nazarian J, Cruz CRY. Medulloblastoma rendered susceptible to NK-cell attack by TGFβ neutralization. J Transl Med 2019; 17:321. [PMID: 31547819 PMCID: PMC6757414 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common pediatric brain cancer, presents with a poor prognosis in a subset of patients with high risk disease, or at recurrence, where current therapies are ineffective. Cord blood (CB) natural killer (NK) cells may be promising off-the-shelf effector cells for immunotherapy due to their recognition of malignant cells without the need for a known target, ready availability from multiple banks, and their potential to expand exponentially. However, they are currently limited by immune suppressive cytokines secreted in the MB tumor microenvironment including Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β). Here, we address this challenge in in vitro models of MB. METHODS CB-derived NK cells were modified to express a dominant negative TGF-β receptor II (DNRII) using retroviral transduction. The ability of transduced CB cells to maintain function in the presence of medulloblastoma-conditioned media was then assessed. RESULTS We observed that the cytotoxic ability of nontransduced CB-NK cells was reduced in the presence of TGF-β-rich, medulloblastoma-conditioned media (21.21 ± 1.19% killing at E:T 5:1 in the absence vs. 14.98 ± 2.11% in the presence of medulloblastoma-conditioned media, n = 8, p = 0.02), but was unaffected in CB-derived DNRII-transduced NK cells (21.11 ± 1.84% killing at E:T 5:1 in the absence vs. 21.81 ± 3.37 in the presence of medulloblastoma-conditioned media, n = 8, p = 0.85. We also observed decreased expression of CCR2 in untransduced NK cells (mean CCR2 MFI 826 ± 117 in untransduced NK + MB supernatant from mean CCR2 MFI 1639.29 ± 215 in no MB supernatant, n = 7, p = 0.0156), but not in the transduced cells. Finally, we observed that CB-derived DNRII-transduced NK cells may protect surrounding immune cells by providing a cytokine sink for TGF-β (decreased TGF-β levels of 610 ± 265 pg/mL in CB-derived DNRII-transduced NK cells vs. 1817 ± 342 pg/mL in untransduced cells; p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS CB NK cells expressing a TGF-β DNRII may have a functional advantage over unmodified NK cells in the presence of TGF-β-rich MB, warranting further investigation on its potential applications for patients with medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison B Powell
- George Washington University Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sridevi Yadavilli
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Devin Saunders
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Stacey Van Pelt
- George Washington University Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Elizabeth Chorvinsky
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rachel A Burga
- George Washington University Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shuroug Albihani
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Patrick J Hanley
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Zhenhua Xu
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Yanxin Pei
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Eric S Yvon
- George Washington University Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Eugene I Hwang
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- George Washington University Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.,Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Conrad Russell Y Cruz
- George Washington University Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. .,Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.
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16
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Papa L, Djedaini M, Hoffman R. Ex vivo HSC expansion challenges the paradigm of unidirectional human hematopoiesis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1466:39-50. [PMID: 31199002 PMCID: PMC7216880 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding mechanisms that determine the behavior of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is essential for developing novel strategies to expand ex vivo the number of fully functional HSCs. In this review, we focus on the complex interplay between intrinsic mechanisms regulated by transcriptional and mitochondrial networks and extrinsic signals imposed by the bone marrow microenvironment, which in concert regulate the balance between HSC self‐renewal and differentiation. Such integrated signaling mechanisms that dictate the fate of HSCs in vivo must be recapitulated ex vivo to achieve successful expansion of clinically relevant HSCs. We also highlight some of the most recent ex vivo HSC expansion strategies that have currently entered clinical development. Finally, based on the evidence reviewed here and lessons learned from ex vivo HSC expansion, we raise some critical questions regarding HSC fate and the cellular plasticity of hematopoietic cells that challenge the unidirectional model of human hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luena Papa
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Mansour Djedaini
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ronald Hoffman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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17
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Islami M, Payandeh Z, Dalir Abdolahinia E, Saburi E, Soleimanifar F, Kehtari M, Mortazavi Y, Nadri S, Darvish M. Fucosylated umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cell expansion on selectin-coated scaffolds. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22593-22603. [PMID: 31102280 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advantages of transplantation of umbilical cord blood's (UCB's) hematopoietic stem cells (uHSCs) for hematologic malignancy treatment, there are two major challenges in using them: (a) Insufficient amount of uHSCs in a UCB unit; (b) a defect in uHSCs homing to bone marrow (BM) due to loose binding of their surface glycan ligands to BM's endothelium selectin receptors. To overcome these limitations, after poly l-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold establishment and incubation of uHSCs with fucosyltransferase-VI and GDP-fucose, ex vivo expansion of these cells on selectin-coated scaffold was done. The characteristics of the cultured fucosylated and nonfucosylated cells on a two-dimensional culture system, PLLA, and a selectin-coated scaffold were evaluated by flow cytometry, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, colony-forming unit (CFU) assay, and CXCR4 expression at the messenger RNA and protein levels. According to the findings of this study, optimized attachment to the scaffold in scanning electron microscopy micrograph, maximum count of CFU, and the highest 570 nm absorption were observed in fucosylated cells expanded on selectin-coated scaffolds. Furthermore, real-time polymerase chain reaction showed the highest expression of the CXCR4 gene, and immunocytochemistry data confirmed that the CXCR4 protein was functional in this group compared with the other groups. Considered together, the results showed that selectin-coated scaffold could be a supportive structure for fucosylated uHSC expansion and homing by nanotopography. Fucosylated cells placed on the selectin-coated scaffold serve as a basal surface for cell-cell interaction and more homing potential of uHSCs. Accordingly, this procedure can also be considered as a promising technique for the hematological disorder treatment and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Islami
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Payandeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Immunogenetic and Cell Culture Department, Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soleimanifar
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mousa Kehtari
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Mortazavi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Samad Nadri
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Darvish
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arāk, Iran
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18
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Boruczkowski D, Pujal JM, Zdolińska-Malinowska I. Autologous cord blood in children with cerebral palsy: a review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2433. [PMID: 31100943 PMCID: PMC6566649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this narrative review is to report on the current knowledge regarding the clinical use of umbilical cord blood (CB) based on articles from PubMed and clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that CB may be used for both early diagnostics and treatment of cerebral palsy. The acidity of CB and its biochemical parameters, including dozens of cytokines, growth factors, and other metabolites (such as amino acids, acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, succinate, glycerol, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and O-phosphocholine) are predictors of future neurodevelopment. In addition, several clinical studies confirmed the safety and efficacy of CB administration in both autologous and allogeneic models, including a meta-analysis of five clinical trials involving a total of 328 participants. Currently, nine clinical trials assessing the use of autologous umbilical CB in children diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy or cerebral palsy are in progress. The total population assessed in these trials exceeds 2500 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Boruczkowski
- Polski Bank Komórek Macierzystych S.A. (FamiCord Group), Jana Pawła II 29, 00-867 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Josep-Maria Pujal
- Sevibe Cells, Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la UdG, C/Pic de Peguera No. 11, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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19
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Cord blood research, banking, and transplantation: achievements, challenges, and perspectives. Bone Marrow Transplant 2019; 55:48-61. [PMID: 31089283 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-019-0546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first hematopoietic transplant in which umbilical cord blood (UCB) was used as the source of hematopoietic cells was performed in October 1988. Since then, significant achievements have been reported in terms of our understanding of the biology of UCB-derived hematopoietic stem (HSCs) and progenitor (HPCs) cells. Over 40,000 UCB transplants (UCBTs) have been performed, in both children and adults, for the treatment of many different diseases, including hematologic, metabolic, immunologic, neoplastic, and neurologic disorders. In addition, cord blood banking has been developed to the point that around 800,000 units are being stored in public banks and more than 4 million units in private banks worldwide. During these 30 years, research in the UCB field has transformed the hematopoietic transplantation arena. Today, scientific and clinical teams are still working on different ways to improve and expand the use of UCB cells. A major effort has been focused on enhancing engraftment to potentially reduce risk of infection and cost. To that end, we have to understand in detail the molecular mechanisms controlling stem cell self-renewal that may lead to the development of ex vivo systems for HSCs expansion, characterize the mechanisms regulating the homing of HSCs and HPCs, and determine the relative place of UCBTs, as compared to other sources. These challenges will be met by encouraging innovative research on the basic biology of HSCs and HPCs, developing novel clinical trials, and improving UCB banking both in the public and private arenas.
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20
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Gounari E, Daniilidis A, Tsagias N, Michopoulou A, Kouzi K, Koliakos G. Isolation of a novel embryonic stem cell cord blood-derived population with in vitro hematopoietic capacity in the presence of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotherapy 2018; 21:246-259. [PMID: 30522805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies highlight the existence of a population of cord blood (CB)-derived stem cells that bare embryonic features (very small embryonic-like stem cells [VSELs]) as the most primitive CB-stem cell population. In the present study, we present for the first time a novel and high purity isolation method of VSELs with in vitro hematopoietic capacity in the presence of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSCs). METHODS The experimental procedure includes isolation upon gradually increased centrifugation spins and chemotaxis to Stromal cell-derived factor 1a (SDF-1a). Τhis cell population is characterized with flow cytometry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and qRT-PCR. The functional role of the isolated VSELs is assayed following co-culture with WJ-MSCs or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs), whereas the stimulation of the quiescent VSEL population is verified via cell cycle analysis. The in vitro hematopoietic capacity is evaluated in methylcellulose cultures and also through induction of erythroid differentiation. RESULTS The final isolated subpopulation is characterized as a small-sized CD45/Lineage-/CXCR4+/CD133+/SSEA-4+cell population, positive in ALP staining and overexpressing the Oct3/4, Nanog and Sox-2 transcription factors. Upon the co-culture with MSCs, a stimulation of the quiescent VSEL population is observed. An impressive increase in the co-expression of the CD34+/CD45+ markers is observed following the co-culture with the WJ-MSCs, which is confirmed by the intense clonogenic ability suggesting in vitro differentiation toward all of the hematopoietic cell lineages and successful differentiation toward erythrocytes. DISCUSSION Conclusively, we propose a novel, rapid and rather simplified isolation method of CB-VSELs, capable of in vitro hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Gounari
- Biohellenika Biotechnology Company, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Angelos Daniilidis
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hippokratio General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Anna Michopoulou
- Biohellenika Biotechnology Company, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kokkona Kouzi
- Biohellenika Biotechnology Company, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Histology Embryology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Koliakos
- Biohellenika Biotechnology Company, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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21
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The in vitro growth of a cord blood-derived cell population enriched for CD34 + cells is influenced by its cell cycle status and treatment with hydroxyurea. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1345-1354. [PMID: 30322708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cell cycle plays a fundamental role in the physiology of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. In the present study we used a negative selection system to obtain an immature cell population-enriched for cord blood-derived CD34+ cells-and we determined its proliferation, expansion and differentiation patterns as a function of the cell cycle status. The effects of hydroxyurea (HU) were also assessed. RESULTS As compared with cells in synthesis (S)/Gap2 (G2)/mitosis (M), cells in quiescent state (G0)/Gap1 (G1) showed a higher proliferation potential in vitro. At culture onset, G0, G1 and S/G2/M cells corresponded with 63%, 33% and 4%, respectively. Treatment with HU before culture resulted in an increase in the proportion of cells in G1 with a concomitant decrease in S/G2/M cells, without affecting the proportion of cells in G0. After 3 days of culture in the presence of recombinant cytokines, the vast majority of the cells (90%) were in G1, and by day 8, G0, G1 and S/G2/M cells corresponded with 18%, 67% and 15%, respectively. HU also induced an increase in colony-forming cell (CFC) frequency, in the proliferation and expansion capacities of cultured cells under myeloid conditions, and favored the development of the erythroid lineage. CONCLUSION Our results show that the in vitro proliferation, expansion and differentiation potentials of immature hematopoietic cells are determined, at least in part, by their cell cycle status and that the cell cycle modifier HU significantly influences the growth of human hematopoietic cells. These results are of potential relevance for the development of ex vivo expansion protocols.
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Sharma P, Pollyea DA, Smith CA, Purev E, Kamdar M, Haverkos B, Sherbenou D, Rabinovitch R, Hammes A, Gutman JA. Thiotepa-Based Intensified Reduced-Intensity Conditioning Adult Double-Unit Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Results in Decreased Relapse Rate and Improved Survival Compared with Transplantation Following Standard Reduced-Intensity Conditioning: A Retrospective Cohort Comparison. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018; 24:1671-1677. [PMID: 29684565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The "Minnesota" reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) cord blood transplantation (CBT) regimen (standard RIC) of fludarabine (Flu) (200 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide (Cy) (50 mg/kg), and 200- or 300-cGy total body irradiation (TBI) is the most published RIC CBT regimen. Though well tolerated, high relapse rates remain a concern with this regimen. Intensification of conditioning may reduce relapse without increasing transplant-related mortality (TRM). We performed a retrospective cohort comparison of outcomes in adult patients who underwent first double-unit CBT with standard RIC as compared with the intensified regimen of Flu 150 mg/m2, Cy 50 mg/kg, thiotepa 10 mg/kg, and 400-cGy TBI (intensified RIC). Of the 99 patients studied, 47 received intensified RIC. Acute myelogenous leukemia was the major indication for transplant. The median age at transplant was 67 years (range, 24 to 74 years) and 54 years (range, 25 to 67 years) in standard RIC and intensified RIC, respectively. Median hematopoietic stem cell transplantation comorbidity index was 3 (range, 0 to 5) and 1 (range, 0 to 6) in the standard RIC and intensified RIC groups, respectively. Median follow-up among survivors was 22 months (range, 3.7 to 79 months) following standard RIC and 15 months (range, 2.8 to 36 months) following intensified RIC. The cumulative incidence (CI) of relapse was significantly lower following intensified RIC compared with standard RIC (P = .0013); this finding maintained significance in multivariate analysis (P = .045). TRM was comparable between the 2 groups (P = .99). Overall survival (OS) was significantly improved following intensified RIC as compared with standard RIC (P = .03). Median OS was 17 months following standard RIC versus not reached followed intensified RIC. The CI of grade II to IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was significantly higher in the intensified RIC cohort than the standard RIC-cohort (P = .007), while CI of grade III to IV acute GVHD, any chronic GVHD, and moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD was comparable in each cohort (P = .20, P = .21, and P = .61, respectively). This retrospective analysis shows an improvement in OS and decreased relapse without increase in TRM in patients receiving intensified RIC as compared with standard RIC. Our data suggest that consideration of thiotepa-based intensified RIC may improve outcomes in fit, older patients undergoing double-unit CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Sharma
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Daniel A Pollyea
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Clayton A Smith
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Enkhtsetseg Purev
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Manali Kamdar
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Bradley Haverkos
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Daniel Sherbenou
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | | | - Andrew Hammes
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Jonathan A Gutman
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado.
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Abstract
In this issue of Blood, Fares et al1 demonstrate that endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) is a reliable marker of human cord blood (CB) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), both from uncultured cells and those expanded with UM171, a pyrimidoindole derivative previously shown to expand CB HSCs.2
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Infectious Complications after Umbilical Cord-Blood Transplantation from Unrelated Donors. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2016; 8:e2016051. [PMID: 27872731 PMCID: PMC5111514 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2016.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord-blood (UCB) is a well-recognized alternative source of stem cells for unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). As compared with other stem cell sources from adult donors, it has the advantages of immediate availability of cells, absence of risk to the donor and reduced risk of graft-versus-host disease despite donor-recipient HLA disparity. However, the use of UCB is limited by the delayed post-transplant hematologic recovery due, at least in part, to the reduced number of hematopoietic cells in the graft and the delayed or incomplete immune reconstitution. As a result, severe infectious complications continue to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality following UCB transplantation (UCBT). We will address the complex differences in the immune properties of UCB and review the incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and severity of bacterial, fungal and viral infectious complications in patients undergoing UCBT.
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Müller AM, Huppertz S, Henschler R. Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine: Astray or on the Path? Transfus Med Hemother 2016; 43:247-254. [PMID: 27721700 DOI: 10.1159/000447748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the best characterized adult stem cells and the only stem cell type in routine clinical use. The concept of stem cell transplantation laid the foundations for the development of novel cell therapies within, and even outside, the hematopoietic system. Here, we report on the history of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and of HSC isolation, we briefly summarize the capabilities of HSCs to reconstitute the entire hemato/lymphoid cell system, and we assess current indications for HCT. We aim to draw the lines between areas where HCT has been firmly established, areas where HCT can in the future be expected to be of clinical benefit using their regenerative functions, and areas where doubts persist. We further review clinical trials for diverse approaches that are based on HCT. Finally, we highlight the advent of genome editing in HSCs and critically view the use of HSCs in non-hematopoietic tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albrecht M Müller
- Institute of Medical Radiology and Cell Research (MSZ) in the Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine (ZEMM), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Huppertz
- Institute of Medical Radiology and Cell Research (MSZ) in the Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine (ZEMM), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Henschler
- Blood Center Zürich, Swiss Red Cross, Schlieren, Switzerland; Red Cross Blood Service Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
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Mahla RS. Stem Cells Applications in Regenerative Medicine and Disease Therapeutics. Int J Cell Biol 2016; 2016:6940283. [PMID: 27516776 PMCID: PMC4969512 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6940283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine, the most recent and emerging branch of medical science, deals with functional restoration of tissues or organs for the patient suffering from severe injuries or chronic disease. The spectacular progress in the field of stem cell research has laid the foundation for cell based therapies of disease which cannot be cured by conventional medicines. The indefinite self-renewal and potential to differentiate into other types of cells represent stem cells as frontiers of regenerative medicine. The transdifferentiating potential of stem cells varies with source and according to that regenerative applications also change. Advancements in gene editing and tissue engineering technology have endorsed the ex vivo remodelling of stem cells grown into 3D organoids and tissue structures for personalized applications. This review outlines the most recent advancement in transplantation and tissue engineering technologies of ESCs, TSPSCs, MSCs, UCSCs, BMSCs, and iPSCs in regenerative medicine. Additionally, this review also discusses stem cells regenerative application in wildlife conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Singh Mahla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
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Beksac M. Is There Any Reason to Prefer Cord Blood Instead of Adult Donors for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants? Front Med (Lausanne) 2016; 2:95. [PMID: 26793711 PMCID: PMC4707249 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2015.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As cord blood (CB) enables rapid access and tolerance to HLA mismatches, a number of unrelated CB transplants have reached 30,000. Such transplant activity has been the result of international accreditation programs maintaining highly qualified cord blood units (CBUs) reaching more than 600,000 CBUs stored worldwide. Efforts to increase stem cell content or engraftment rate of the graft by ex vivo expansion, modulation by molecules such as fucose, prostaglandin E2 derivative, complement CD26 inhibitors, or CXCR4/CXCL12 axis have been able to accelerate engraftment speed and rate. Furthermore, introduction of reduced intensity conditioning protocols, better HLA matching, and recognition of the importance of HLA-C have improved CB transplants success by decreasing transplant-related mortality. CB progenitor/stem cell content has been compared with adult stem cells revealing higher long-term repopulating capacity compared to bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cells and lesser oncogenic potential than progenitor-induced stem cells. This chapter summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of CB compared to adult stem cells within the context of stem cell biology and transplantation.
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