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Wu Y, Fan H, Feng Y, Yang J, Cen X, Li W. Unveiling the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles in guinea pigs with form deprivation myopia through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30491. [PMID: 38756593 PMCID: PMC11096930 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to confirm the presence of the form deprivation myopia (FDM) guinea pig eye-gut axis and investigate the relationship between serum vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), specific gut microbiota and their metabolites. Method 20 specific-pathogen-free (SPF) guinea pigs were divided into the FDM and the control(Con) group. Following model induction, serum levels of VIP and LPS were quantified. A combination of 16S ribosomal ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid (rRNA) gene sequencing, non-targeted metabolomics and bioinformatics analysis were employed to identify disparities in gut microbiota and metabolites between the two groups of guinea pigs. Result Compared to the control group, FDM guinea pigs exhibited a significant trend towards myopia, along with significantly elevated concentrations of LPS and VIP (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, Ruminococcus_albus emerged as the predominant bacterial community enriched in FDM (p < 0.05), and demonstrated positive correlations with 10 metabolites, including l-Glutamic acid, Additionally, Ruminococcus_albus exhibited positive correlations with VIP and LPS levels (p < 0.05). Conclusion The findings suggest that the Ruminococcus_Albus and glutamate metabolic pathways play a significant role in myopia development, leading to concurrent alterations in serum VIP and LPS levels in FDM guinea pigs. This underscores the potential of specific gut microbiota and their metabolites as pivotal biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis of myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Wu
- Aier Academy of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200235, China
- Shanghai Aier Eye Institute, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - Hua Fan
- Shanxi Aier Eye Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030000, China
| | - Yuliang Feng
- Aier Academy of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200235, China
- Shanghai Aier Eye Institute, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - Jiasong Yang
- Aier Academy of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200235, China
- Shanghai Aier Eye Institute, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- WestChina-Frontier PharmaTech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, China
| | - Wensheng Li
- Aier Academy of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200235, China
- Shanghai Aier Eye Institute, Shanghai, 200235, China
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Shaw C, Weimer BC, Gann R, Desai PT, Shah JD. The Yin and Yang of pathogens and probiotics: interplay between Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium and Bifidobacterium infantis during co-infection. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1387498. [PMID: 38812689 PMCID: PMC11133690 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1387498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria have been proposed as an alternative to antibiotics for the control of antimicrobial resistant enteric pathogens. The mechanistic details of this approach remain unclear, in part because pathogen reduction appears to be both strain and ecology dependent. Here we tested the ability of five probiotic strains, including some from common probiotic genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, to reduce binding of Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium to epithelial cells in vitro. Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis emerged as a promising strain; however, S. Typhimurium infection outcome in epithelial cells was dependent on inoculation order, with B. infantis unable to rescue host cells from preceding or concurrent infection. We further investigated the complex mechanisms underlying this interaction between B. infantis, S. Typhimurium, and epithelial cells using a multi-omics approach that included gene expression and altered metabolism via metabolomics. Incubation with B. infantis repressed apoptotic pathways and induced anti-inflammatory cascades in epithelial cells. In contrast, co-incubation with B. infantis increased in S. Typhimurium the expression of virulence factors, induced anaerobic metabolism, and repressed components of arginine metabolism as well as altering the metabolic profile. Concurrent application of the probiotic and pathogen notably generated metabolic profiles more similar to that of the probiotic alone than to the pathogen, indicating a central role for metabolism in modulating probiotic-pathogen-host interactions. Together these data imply crosstalk via small molecules between the epithelial cells, pathogen and probiotic that consistently demonstrated unique molecular mechanisms specific probiotic/pathogen the individual associations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bart C. Weimer
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Křížkovská B, Hoang L, Brdová D, Klementová K, Szemerédi N, Loučková A, Kronusová O, Spengler G, Kaštánek P, Hajšlová J, Viktorová J, Lipov J. Modulation of the bacterial virulence and resistance by well-known European medicinal herbs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116484. [PMID: 37044231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvia officinalis L., Sambucus nigra L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Agrimonia eupatoria L., Fragaria vesca L. and Malva sylvestris L. are plants that have a long tradition in European folk medicine. To this day, they are part of medicinal teas or creams that help with the healing of skin wounds and the treatment of respiratory or intestinal infections. However, so far these plants have not been investigated more deeply than in their direct antibacterial effect. AIM OF THE STUDY Our research is focused on adjuvants that inhibit the mechanism of antibiotic resistance or modulate bacterial virulence. Based on a preliminary screening of 52 European herbs, which commonly appear as part of tea blends or poultice. Six of them were selected for their ability to revert the resistant phenotype of nosocomial bacterial strains. METHODS Herbs selected for this study were obtained from commercially available sources. For the extraction of active compounds ethanol was used. Modulation of virulence was observed as an ability to inhibit bacterial cell-to-cell communication using two mutant sensor strains of Vibrio campbellii. Biofilm formation, and planktonic cell adhesion was measured using a static antibiofilm test. Ethidium bromide assay was used to checked the potential of inhibition bacterial efflux pumps. The antibacterial activities of the herbs were evaluated against resistant bacterial strains using macro dilution methods. RESULTS Alcohol extracts had antibacterial properties mainly against Gram-positive bacteria. Of all of them, the highest antimicrobial activity demonstrated Malva sylvestris, killing both antibiotic resistant bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus with MIC of 0.8 g/L and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0.7 g/L, respectively. Fragaria vesca extract (0.08 g/L) demonstrated strong synergism with colistin (4 mg/L) in modulating the resistant phenotype to colistin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Similarly, the extract of S. officinalis (0.21 g/L) reverted resistance to gentamicin (1 mg/L) in S. aureus. However, Sambucus nigra and Matricaria chamomilla seem to be a very promising source of bacterial efflux pump inhibitors. CONCLUSION The extract of F. vesca was the most active. It was able to reduce biofilm formation probably due to the ability to decrease bacterial quorum sensing. On the other hand, the activity of S. nigra or M. chamomilla in reducing bacterial virulence may be explained by the ability to inhibit bacterial efflux systems. All these plants have potential as an adjuvant for the antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bára Křížkovská
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lan Hoang
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Brdová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Klementová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nikoletta Szemerédi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center and Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Loučková
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center and Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Jana Hajšlová
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Viktorová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Lipov
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UCT Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Wang L, Jiang Y, Yu Q, Xiao C, Sun J, Weng L, Qiu Y. Gentiopicroside improves high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in association with modulation of host serum metabolome and gut microbiome in mice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1145430. [PMID: 37614606 PMCID: PMC10443917 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1145430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is increasing every year, and there is growing evidence that metabolites and intestinal bacteria play a causal role in NAFLD. Gentiopicroside, a major iridoids compound in gentian, has been reported to reduce hepatic lipid accumulation. However to date, no studies have confirmed whether the predominance of Gentiopicroside is related to metabolites and intestinal bacteria. Therefore, we sought to study whether the hypolipidemic effect of Gentiopicroside is related to metabolic function and intestinal flora regulation. Methods In the present study, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks, followed by a high-fat diet with or without Gentiopicroside for 8 weeks, respectively. The Gentiopicroside intervention reduced body weight gain, liver index, and decreased serum biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and triglycerides in high-fat fed mice. The effect of Gentiopicroside on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was studied using serum untargeted metabolomics and 16S rDNA assay. Results Metabolomic analysis showed that the addition of Gentiopicroside significantly altered the levels of amino acids, unmetabolized Gentiopicroside after administration, and metabolites such as Cinnoline, Galabiosylceramide, and Tryptophyl-Tyrosine, which are involved in the pathways regulating bile secretion, tryptophan metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Analysis of intestinal bacteria showed that Gentiopicrosides altered the community composition structure of intestinal bacteria, characterized by an increase and a decrease in beneficial and harmful bacteria, respectively. In addition, correlation analysis showed that the effect of Gentiopicroside on metabolites was positively correlated with intestinal flora Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Muribaculum, and Prevotellaceae_UCG_001. Finally, the combined analysis revealed that metabolites were associated with the regulation of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria and positively correlated with lipid levels. Conclusion These results suggest that Gentiopicroside may be a potential agent for the prevention of intestinal disorders and the alleviation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lili Weng
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Atuahene D, Costale A, Martello E, Mannelli A, Radice E, Ribaldone DG, Chiofalo B, Stefanon B, Meineri G. A Supplement with Bromelain, Lentinula edodes, and Quercetin: Antioxidant Capacity and Effects on Morphofunctional and Fecal Parameters (Calprotectin, Cortisol, and Intestinal Fermentation Products) in Kennel Dogs. Vet Sci 2023; 10:486. [PMID: 37624273 PMCID: PMC10459215 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10080486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes several pathological conditions in humans and animals, including gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to analyze the antioxidant capacity of three natural powdered raw materials containing quercetin, bromelain, and Lentinula edodes and develop a new feed supplement for dogs using a combination of them. The total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and ABTS (2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) of the extracts, either individually or in combination, were evaluated colorimetrically. The effects of this supplement on healthy adult dogs' nutritional, inflammatory, and stress status were evaluated. American Staffordshire Terrier adult female dogs (n = 30) were randomly assigned to a control (n = 15) or a treated (n = 15) group. The supplement was added as powder to the food of the treated dogs once daily for 28 days. There was no significant difference in the body weight and body condition scores between the initial and final phases of the experiment. At the end of our study, a significant decrease in fecal calprotectin, cortisol, indole/skatole, and N-methylhistamine and a significant increase in short-chain fatty acids were observed as compared to the control group. In conclusion, this natural feed supplement can be used to improve gastrointestinal health and psycho-physical conditions in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Atuahene
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, 10124 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Annalisa Costale
- Department of Science and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Martello
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Alessandro Mannelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, 10124 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Radice
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical School, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Biagina Chiofalo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Stefanon
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Giorgia Meineri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Turin, 10124 Grugliasco, Italy
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Pottenger S, Watts A, Wedley A, Jopson S, Darby AC, Wigley P. Timing and delivery route effects of cecal microbiome transplants on Salmonella Typhimurium infections in chickens: potential for in-hatchery delivery of microbial interventions. Anim Microbiome 2023; 5:11. [PMID: 36788638 PMCID: PMC9926694 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to microbes early in life has long-lasting effects on microbial community structure and function of the microbiome. However, in commercial poultry settings chicks are reared as a single-age cohort with no exposure to adult birds which can have profound effects on microbiota development and subsequent pathogen challenge. Microbiota manipulation is a proven and promising strategy to help reduce pathogen load and transmission within broiler flocks. However, administration of microbiota transplant products in a hatchery setting may prove challenging. Effective administration strategies are dependent on key factors, such as; the age of chicks receiving interventions and mode of delivery. This study aimed to assess these two aspects to provide supporting evidence towards microbiome manipulation strategies for use in commercial hatcheries. RESULTS Manipulation of the microbiota between 4 and 72 h of hatch markedly reduced faecal shedding and colonisation with the foodborne pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST4/74). Administration of transplant material via spray or gel drop delivery systems had minimal effect on the protection conferred with fewer birds in transplant groups shown to shed ST4/74 in the faeces compared to PBS-gavaged control birds. Analysis of the microbiome following transplantation demonstrated that all transplant groups had higher diversity and species richness than non-transplant groups during the first week of life and the early stages of infection with ST47/4.The relative abundance of the bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was significantly higher in CMT groups compared to PBS controls. The presence of F. prausnitzii was also shown to increase in PBS-challenged birds compared to unchallenged birds potentially indicating a role of this bacterium in limiting Salmonella infections. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that administration of microbiome transplants, using methods that would align with hatchery practices, effectively reduced colonisation and shedding of Salmonella in chickens. Age of chicks at microbiome administration had limited effect on the diversity and composition of the microbiome and conferred protection against Salmonella infections. Traditional hatchery delivery systems, such as spray or gel-drop, are sufficient to transfer donor material, alter the microbiome and confer protection against Salmonella. This study helps highlight the opportunity for use of microbiome modification methods within the hatchery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian Pottenger
- Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Amyleigh Watts
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Amy Wedley
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sue Jopson
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alistair C. Darby
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Centre for Genomic Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Paul Wigley
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Infection Biology and Microbiomes, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Wang W, Wang Y, Lu Y, Zhu J, Tian X, Wu B, Du J, Cai W, Xiao Y. Reg4 protects against Salmonella infection-associated intestinal inflammation via adopting a calcium-dependent lectin-like domain. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109310. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Graphene-Based Functional Hybrid Membranes for Antimicrobial Applications: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12104834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials have shown wide applications in antimicrobial fields due to their accelerated rate of pathogen resistance and good antimicrobial properties. To apply graphene materials in the antimicrobial test, the graphene materials are usually fabricated as two-dimensional (2D) membranes. In addition, to improve the antimicrobial efficiency, graphene membranes are modified with various functional nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, biomolecules, polymers, etc. In this review, we present recent advances in the fabrication, functional tailoring, and antimicrobial applications of graphene-based membranes. To implement this goal, we first introduce the synthesis of graphene materials and then the fabrication of 2D graphene-based membranes with potential techniques such as chemical vapor deposition, vacuum filtration, spin-coating, casting, and layer-by-layer self-assembly. Then, we present the functional tailoring of graphene membranes by adding metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, polymers, biopolymers, metal–organic frameworks, etc., with graphene. Finally, we focus on the antimicrobial mechanisms of graphene membranes, and demonstrate typical studies on the use of graphene membranes for antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal applications. It is expected that this work will help readers to understand the antimicrobial mechanism of various graphene-based membranes and, further, to inspire the design and fabrication of functional graphene membranes/films for biomedical applications.
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Fan Q, Zuo J, Wang H, Grenier D, Yi L, Wang Y. Contribution of quorum sensing to virulence and antibiotic resistance in zoonotic bacteria. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 59:107965. [PMID: 35487393 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS), which is a key part of cell/cell communication, is widely distributed in microorganisms, especially in bacteria. Bacteria can produce and detect the presence of QS signal molecule, perceive the composition and density of microorganisms in their complex habitat, and then dynamically regulate their own gene expression to adapt to their environment. Among the many traits controlled by QS in pathogenic bacteria is the expression of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. Many pathogenic bacteria rely on QS to govern the production of virulence factors and express drug-resistance, especially in zoonotic bacteria. The threat of antibiotic resistant zoonotic bacteria has called for alternative antimicrobial strategies that would mitigate the increase of classical resistance mechanism. Targeting QS has proven to be a promising alternative to conventional antibiotic for controlling infections. Here we review the QS systems in common zoonotic pathogenic bacteria and outline how QS may control the virulence and antibiotic resistance of zoonotic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, China
| | - Jing Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, China
| | - Haikun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, China
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale (GREB), Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Li Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, China; College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, China.
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Dahmer J, Marangon P, Adolpho LO, Reis FL, Maldaner G, Burrow RA, Mostardeiro MA, Dalcol II, Morel AF. Alkaloids from the stem barks of Scutia buxifolia Reissek (Rhamnaceae): Structures and antimicrobial evaluation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 196:113071. [PMID: 35032919 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A reinvestigation of the chemical constituents of the stem barks of Scutia buxifolia, a member of the Rhamnaceae, resulted, along with the known alkaloids scutianine C and scutianene L, in the isolation of three undescribed diastereoisomeric alkaloids - scutianine N, 27-epi-scutianine N and 3, 4, 7-tri-epi-scutianine N -, one undescribed non macrocyclic alkaloid - scutianine Q - and a neutral compound -scutianene M. Their structures were determined using extensive NMR techniques and HRMS. The absolute configurations of the stereogenic centers of the three diastereoisomeric alkaloids have been assigned by gas chromatography employing modified cyclodextrins as chiral stationary phases. Scutianine Q had its structure and stereochemistry defined by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. All tested compounds showed good to moderate antibacterial activity (MICs between 1.56 and 100 μg mL-1) when evaluated in vitro against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Some stereochemistry-activity relationships have been identified for the antibacterial activity of diastereoisomeric alkaloids against the Gram-negative bacteria Enterobacter aerogenes. The alkaloid 27-epi-scutianine N was as active as the standard antibiotic chloramphenicol (MIC = 1.56 μg mL-1), while scutianine N and 3,4,27-tris-epi-Scutianine N were inactive (>100 μg mL-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Dahmer
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Química, CEP, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Patricia Marangon
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Química, CEP, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciana O Adolpho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Frederico L Reis
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Química, CEP, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Graciela Maldaner
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Química, CEP, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Robert A Burrow
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Química, CEP, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marco A Mostardeiro
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Química, CEP, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ionara I Dalcol
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Química, CEP, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Ademir F Morel
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Química, CEP, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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11
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Ijaz A, Veldhuizen EJA, Broere F, Rutten VPMG, Jansen CA. The Interplay between Salmonella and Intestinal Innate Immune Cells in Chickens. Pathogens 2021; 10:1512. [PMID: 34832668 PMCID: PMC8618210 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonellosis is a common infection in poultry, which results in huge economic losses in the poultry industry. At the same time, Salmonella infections are a threat to public health, since contaminated poultry products can lead to zoonotic infections. Antibiotics as feed additives have proven to be an effective prophylactic option to control Salmonella infections, but due to resistance issues in humans and animals, the use of antimicrobials in food animals has been banned in Europe. Hence, there is an urgent need to look for alternative strategies that can protect poultry against Salmonella infections. One such alternative could be to strengthen the innate immune system in young chickens in order to prevent early life infections. This can be achieved by administration of immune modulating molecules that target innate immune cells, for example via feed, or by in-ovo applications. We aimed to review the innate immune system in the chicken intestine; the main site of Salmonella entrance, and its responsiveness to Salmonella infection. Identifying the most important players in the innate immune response in the intestine is a first step in designing targeted approaches for immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Ijaz
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.I.); (E.J.A.V.); (F.B.); (V.P.M.G.R.)
| | - Edwin J. A. Veldhuizen
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.I.); (E.J.A.V.); (F.B.); (V.P.M.G.R.)
| | - Femke Broere
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.I.); (E.J.A.V.); (F.B.); (V.P.M.G.R.)
| | - Victor P. M. G. Rutten
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.I.); (E.J.A.V.); (F.B.); (V.P.M.G.R.)
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa
| | - Christine A. Jansen
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, De Elst 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Şener N, Özkinali S, Altunoglu YC, Yerlikaya S, Gökçe H, Zurnaci M, Gür M, Baloglu MC, Şener İ. Antiproliferative properties and structural analysis of newly synthesized Schiff bases bearing pyrazole derivatives and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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13
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Wang B, Ye X, Zhou Y, Zhao P, Mao Y. Glycyrrhizin Attenuates Salmonella Typhimurium-Induced Tissue Injury, Inflammatory Response, and Intestinal Dysbiosis in C57BL/6 Mice. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:648698. [PMID: 34239908 PMCID: PMC8258384 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.648698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonellae are one of the most important foodborne pathogens, which threaten the health of humans and animals severely. Glycyrrhizin (GL) has been proven to exhibit anti-inflammatory and tissue-protective properties. Here, we investigated the effects of GL on tissue injury, inflammatory response, and intestinal dysbiosis in Salmonella Typhimurium-infected mice. Results showed that GL or gentamicin (GM) significantly (P < 0.05) alleviated ST-induced splenomegaly indicated by the decreased spleen index, injury of liver and jejunum indicated by the decreased hepatocytic apoptosis, and the increased jejunal villous height. GL significantly (P < 0.05) increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-6, and IL-10) in spleen and IL-12p40 mRNA expression in liver. Meanwhile, GL or GM pre-infection treatments significantly (P < 0.05) decreased ST-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6) expression in both spleen and liver and increased (P < 0.05) anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 secretion in spleen. Furthermore, GL or GM pre-infection treatment also regulates the diversities and compositions of intestinal microbiota and decreased the negative connection among the intestinal microbes in ST-infected mice. The above findings indicate that GL alleviates ST-induced splenomegaly, hepatocytic apoptosis, injury of jejunum and liver, inflammatory response of liver and spleen, and intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Ye
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yuanhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Caffaratti C, Plazy C, Mery G, Tidjani AR, Fiorini F, Thiroux S, Toussaint B, Hannani D, Le Gouellec A. What We Know So Far about the Metabolite-Mediated Microbiota-Intestinal Immunity Dialogue and How to Hear the Sound of This Crosstalk. Metabolites 2021; 11:406. [PMID: 34205653 PMCID: PMC8234899 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trillions of microorganisms, termed the "microbiota", reside in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, and collectively participate in regulating the host phenotype. It is now clear that the gut microbiota, metabolites, and intestinal immune function are correlated, and that alterations of the complex and dynamic host-microbiota interactions can have deep consequences for host health. However, the mechanisms by which the immune system regulates the microbiota and by which the microbiota shapes host immunity are still not fully understood. This article discusses the contribution of metabolites in the crosstalk between gut microbiota and immune cells. The identification of key metabolites having a causal effect on immune responses and of the mechanisms involved can contribute to a deeper insight into host-microorganism relationships. This will allow a better understanding of the correlation between dysbiosis, microbial-based dysmetabolism, and pathogenesis, thus creating opportunities to develop microbiota-based therapeutics to improve human health. In particular, we systematically review the role of soluble and membrane-bound microbial metabolites in modulating host immunity in the gut, and of immune cells-derived metabolites affecting the microbiota, while discussing evidence of the bidirectional impact of this crosstalk. Furthermore, we discuss the potential strategies to hear the sound of such metabolite-mediated crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Caffaratti
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Caroline Plazy
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
- Service de Biochimie Biologie Moléculaire Toxicologie Environnementale, UM Biochimie des Enzymes et des Protéines, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Plateforme de Métabolomique GEMELI-GExiM, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Geoffroy Mery
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
- Department of Infectiology-Pneumology, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Abdoul-Razak Tidjani
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Federica Fiorini
- Plateforme de Métabolomique GEMELI-GExiM, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Sarah Thiroux
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Bertrand Toussaint
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
- Service de Biochimie Biologie Moléculaire Toxicologie Environnementale, UM Biochimie des Enzymes et des Protéines, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Plateforme de Métabolomique GEMELI-GExiM, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Dalil Hannani
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Audrey Le Gouellec
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
- Service de Biochimie Biologie Moléculaire Toxicologie Environnementale, UM Biochimie des Enzymes et des Protéines, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Plateforme de Métabolomique GEMELI-GExiM, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
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Gupta A, Bansal M, Liyanage R, Upadhyay A, Rath N, Donoghue A, Sun X. Sodium butyrate modulates chicken macrophage proteins essential for Salmonella Enteritidis invasion. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250296. [PMID: 33909627 PMCID: PMC8081216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Enteritidis is an intracellular foodborne pathogen that has developed multiple mechanisms to alter poultry intestinal physiology and infect the gut. Short chain fatty acid butyrate is derived from microbiota metabolic activities, and it maintains gut homeostasis. There is limited understanding on the interaction between S. Enteritidis infection, butyrate, and host intestinal response. To fill this knowledge gap, chicken macrophages (also known as HTC cells) were infected with S. Enteritidis, treated with sodium butyrate, and proteomic analysis was performed. A growth curve assay was conducted to determine sub-inhibitory concentration (SIC, concentration that do not affect bacterial growth compared to control) of sodium butyrate against S. Enteritidis. HTC cells were infected with S. Enteritidis in the presence and absence of SIC of sodium butyrate. The proteins were extracted and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry. Our results showed that the SIC was 45 mM. Notably, S. Enteritidis-infected HTC cells upregulated macrophage proteins involved in ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation such as ATP synthase subunit alpha (ATP5A1), ATP synthase subunit d, mitochondrial (ATP5PD) and cellular apoptosis such as Cytochrome-c (CYC). Furthermore, sodium butyrate influenced S. Enteritidis-infected HTC cells by reducing the expression of macrophage proteins mediating actin cytoskeletal rearrangements such as WD repeat-containing protein-1 (WDR1), Alpha actinin-1 (ACTN1), Vinculin (VCL) and Protein disulfide isomerase (P4HB) and intracellular S. Enteritidis growth and replication such as V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A (ATPV1A). Interestingly, sodium butyrate increased the expression of infected HTC cell protein involving in bacterial killing such as Vimentin (VIM). In conclusion, sodium butyrate modulates the expression of HTC cell proteins essential for S. Enteritidis invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Gupta
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Mohit Bansal
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Rohana Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Abhinav Upadhyay
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Narayan Rath
- Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Station, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Annie Donoghue
- Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Station, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Xiaolun Sun
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
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16
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Edson JA, Chu W, Porwollik S, Tran K, Iribe N, McClelland M, Kwon YJ. Eradication of Intracellular Salmonella Typhimurium by Polyplexes of Acid-Transforming Chitosan and Fragment DNA. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2000408. [PMID: 33870627 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are highly successful against microbial infections. However, current challenges include rising antibiotic resistance rates and limited efficacy against intracellular pathogens. A novel form of a nanomaterial-based antimicrobial agent is investigated for efficient treatment of an intracellular Salmonella enterica sv Typhimurium infection. A known antimicrobial polysaccharide, chitosan, is engineered to be readily soluble under neutral aqueous conditions for systemic administration. The modified biologic, named acid-transforming chitosan (ATC), transforms into an insoluble, antimicrobial compound in the mildly acidic intracellular compartment. In cell culture experiments, ATC is confirmed to have antimicrobial activity against intracellular S. Typhimurium in a concentration- and pH-dependent manner, without affecting the host cells, RAW264.7 macrophages. For improved cellular uptake and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties, ATC is further complexed with fragment DNA (fDNA), to form nano-sized spherical polyplexes. The resulting ATC/fDNA polyplexes efficiently eradicated S. Typhimurium from RAW264.7 macrophages. ATC/fDNA polyplexes may bind with microbial wall and membrane components. Consistent with this expectation, transposon insertion sequencing of a complex random mutant S. Typhimurium library incubated with ATC does not reveal specific genomic target regions of the antimicrobial. This study demonstrates the utility of a molecularly engineered nanomaterial as an efficient and safe antimicrobial agent, particularly against an intracellular pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius A Edson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Weiping Chu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Steffen Porwollik
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Kaycee Tran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Nathalie Iribe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Michael McClelland
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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Gupta A, Bansal M, Wagle B, Sun X, Rath N, Donoghue A, Upadhyay A. Sodium Butyrate Reduces Salmonella Enteritidis Infection of Chicken Enterocytes and Expression of Inflammatory Host Genes in vitro. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:553670. [PMID: 33042060 PMCID: PMC7524895 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.553670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) is a facultative intracellular pathogen that colonizes the chicken gut leading to contamination of carcasses during processing. A reduction in intestinal colonization by SE could result in reduced carcass contamination thereby reducing the risk of illnesses in humans. Short chain fatty acids such as butyrate are microbial metabolites produced in the gut that exert various beneficial effects. However, its effect on SE colonization is not well known. The present study investigated the effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations (SICs) of sodium butyrate on the adhesion and invasion of SE in primary chicken enterocytes and chicken macrophages. In addition, the effect of sodium butyrate on the expression of SE virulence genes and selected inflammatory genes in chicken macrophages challenged with SE were investigated. Based on the growth curve analysis, the two SICs of sodium butyrate that did not reduce SE growth were 22 and 45 mM, respectively. The SICs of sodium butyrate did not affect the viability and proliferation of chicken enterocytes and macrophage cells. The SICs of sodium butyrate reduced SE adhesion by ∼1.7 and 1.8 Log CFU/mL, respectively. The SE invasion was reduced by ∼2 and 2.93 Log CFU/mL, respectively in chicken enterocytes (P < 0.05). Sodium butyrate did not significantly affect the adhesion of SE to chicken macrophages. However, 45 mM sodium butyrate reduced invasion by ∼1.7 Log CFU/mL as compared to control (P < 0.05). Exposure to sodium butyrate did not change the expression of SE genes associated with motility (flgG, prot6E), invasion (invH), type 3 secretion system (sipB, pipB), survival in macrophages (spvB, mgtC), cell wall and membrane integrity (tatA), efflux pump regulator (mrr1) and global virulence regulation (lrp) (P > 0.05). However, a few genes contributing to type-3 secretion system (ssaV, sipA), adherence (sopB), macrophage survival (sodC) and oxidative stress (rpoS) were upregulated by at least twofold. The expression of inflammatory genes (Il1β, Il8, and Mmp9) that are triggered by SE for host colonization was significantly downregulated (at least 25-fold) by sodium butyrate as compared to SE (P < 0.05). The results suggest that sodium butyrate has an anti-inflammatory potential to reduce SE colonization in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Gupta
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Mohit Bansal
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Basanta Wagle
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Xiaolun Sun
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Narayan Rath
- Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Station, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Annie Donoghue
- Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Station, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Abhinav Upadhyay
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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Hosseinzadeh S, Dastmalchi Saei H, Ahmadi M, Zahraei-Salehi T. Anti-quorum sensing effects of licochalcone A and epigallocatechin-3-gallate against Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from poultry sources. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2020; 11:273-279. [PMID: 33133465 PMCID: PMC7597796 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.95102.2289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell density-dependent mechanism used by many pathogenic bacteria for regulating virulence gene expression. Inhibition or interruption of QS by medicinal plant remedies has been suggested as a new strategy for fighting against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This study aimed to assess the impact of sub-inhibitory concentrations of licochalcone A (LAA) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as natural plant products on the QS-associated genes (sdiA and luxS) expression. The PCR test was used to confirm the presence of sdiA and luxS genes in 23 S. Typhimurium isolates from poultry. The quantitative real-time PCR assay was used to analyze the expression of sdiA and luxS in S. Typhimurium isolates in response to the treatment with sub-inhibitory concentrations of LAA and EGCG at 45-min time point. All S. Typhimurium isolates showed the presence of sdiA and luxS genes (100%). As result, the expression of QS-related genes was significantly reduced in S. Typhimurium isolates following treatment with LAA and EGCG. In conclusion, LAA and EGCG showed anti-QS activity with down-regulation of both sdiA and luxS genes in S. Typhimurium, suggesting potential therapeutic use of them against salmonellosis. However, it must be pointed out that the safety and efficiency of these compounds need more thorough research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Habib Dastmalchi Saei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Malahat Ahmadi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Taghi Zahraei-Salehi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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DEMİRTAŞ A. Influence of Pinus brutia bark extract containing phenolic compounds on some commensal and pathogenic bacteria from the intestinal microflora. MEHMET AKIF ERSOY ÜNIVERSITESI VETERINER FAKÜLTESI DERGISI 2020. [DOI: 10.24880/maeuvfd.709662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Bin P, Zhu C, Liu S, Li Z, Ren W, Zhu G. Perspective: Methionine Restriction-Induced Longevity-A Possible Role for Inhibiting the Synthesis of Bacterial Quorum Sensing Molecules. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:773-783. [PMID: 32221578 PMCID: PMC7360445 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine restriction (MR) extends lifespans in multiple species through mechanisms that include enhanced oxidative stress resistance and inhibition of insulin/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) signaling. Methionine and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) are the essential precursors of bacterial quorum sensing (QS) molecules, and therefore, MR might also affect bacterial communication to prevent enteric bacterial infection as well as chronic inflammation, which contributes to lifespan prolongation. Here, we discuss the influence of MR on oxidative stress resistance and inhibition of insulin/IGF-I cell signaling and further propose a potential mechanism involving bacterial QS inhibition for lifespan extension. Unraveling the connection between MR and inhibition of QS provides new strategies for combating infectious diseases, resulting in enriched understanding of MR-induced lifespan extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Bin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China,Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congrui Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Shaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhendong Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China,Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Multi-functionalized nanocarriers targeting bacterial reservoirs to overcome challenges of multi drug-resistance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:319-332. [PMID: 32193748 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-020-00337-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infectious diseases associated with intracellular bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are important public health concern. Emergence of multi and extensively drug-resistant bacterial strains have made it even more obstinate to offset such infections. Bacteria residing within intracellular compartments provide additional barriers to effective treatment. METHOD Information provided in this review has been collected by accessing various electronic databases including Google scholar, Web of science, Scopus, and Nature index. Search was performed using keywords nanoparticles, intracellular targeting, multidrug resistance, Staphylococcus aureus; Salmonella typhimurium; Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Information gathered was categorized into three major sections as 'Intracellular targeting of Staphylococcus aureus, Intracellular targeting of Salmonella typhimurium and Intracellular targeting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis' using variety of nanocarrier systems. RESULTS Conventional management for infectious diseases typically comprises of long-term treatment with a combination of antibiotics, which may lead to side effects and decreased patient compliance. A wide range of multi-functionalized nanocarrier systems have been studied for delivery of drugs within cellular compartments where bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis reside. Such carrier systems along with targeted delivery have been utilized for sustained and controlled delivery of drugs. These strategies have been found useful in overcoming the drawbacks of conventional treatments including multi-drug resistance. CONCLUSION Development of multi-functional nanocargoes encapsulating antibiotics that are proficient in targeting and releasing drug into infected reservoirs seems to be a promising strategy to circumvent the challenge of multidrug resistance. Graphical abstract.
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Pelyuntha W, Chaiyasut C, Kantachote D, Sirilun S. Organic acids and 2,4-Di- tert-butylphenol: major compounds of Weissella confusa WM36 cell-free supernatant against growth, survival and virulence of Salmonella Typhi. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8410. [PMID: 31998561 PMCID: PMC6977521 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi), the causative agent of typhoid fever, causes serious systemic disease in humans. Antibiotic treatment is required for the S. Typhi infection, while the inappropriate use of antibiotics causes increased drug-resistant S. Typhi. Hence, alternative therapies through non-antibiotic approaches are urgently needed. The use of beneficial lactic acid bacterium and/or its metabolites to control typhoid fever represent a promising approach, as it may exert protective actions through various mechanisms. Method In this study, the cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) of Weissella confusa WM36 was evaluated via the antibacterial activity, and its metabolites were identified. In addition, the effects of CFCS on Salmonella virulence behaviors were also investigated. Result Based on strong inhibition the growth of S. Typhi DMST 22842, organic acids (lactic acid and acetic acid) and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4 DTBP), were the main antibacterial metabolites presented in CFCS of strain WM36. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 40% WM36–CFCS dramatically reduced the S. Typhi population to more than 99.99% at 4 h and completely inhibited biofilm formation, while sub-MIC at 20% (v/v) and MIC could reduce 100% of motility. Additionally, sub-MIC at only 10% (v/v) WM36–CFCS did down-regulate the expression of virulence genes which are responsible for the type-III secretion system, effector proteins, and quorum sensing system in this pathogen. Conclusion W. confusa WM36 and its metabolites are shown to be a promising candidates, and an effective approach against typhoid Salmonella burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wattana Pelyuntha
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Duangporn Kantachote
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Sasithorn Sirilun
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Abstract
Intestinal iron homeostasis is like the Zhong-Yong in traditional Chinese culture, which is a dynamic balance between Yin and Yang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxuan Ding
- College of Animal Science
- Zhejiang University
- Key Laboratory of animal feed and nutrition of Zhejiang Province
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Xiaonan Yu
- College of Animal Science
- Zhejiang University
- Key Laboratory of animal feed and nutrition of Zhejiang Province
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Jie Feng
- College of Animal Science
- Zhejiang University
- Key Laboratory of animal feed and nutrition of Zhejiang Province
- Hangzhou
- China
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Pathogenicity island excision during an infection by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is required for crossing the intestinal epithelial barrier in mice to cause systemic infection. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1008152. [PMID: 31800631 PMCID: PMC6968874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenicity island excision is a phenomenon that occurs in several Salmonella enterica serovars and other members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. ROD21 is an excisable pathogenicity island found in the chromosome of S. Enteritidis, S. Dublin and S. Typhi among others, which contain several genes encoding virulence-associated proteins. Excision of ROD21 may play a role in the ability of S. Enteritidis to cause a systemic infection in mice. Our previous studies have shown that Salmonella strains unable to excise ROD21 display a reduced ability to colonize the liver and spleen. In this work, we determined the kinetics of ROD21 excision in vivo in C57BL/6 mice and its effect on virulence. We quantified bacterial burden and excision frequency in different portions of the digestive tract and internal organs throughout the infection. We observed that the frequency of ROD21 excision was significantly increased in the bacterial population colonizing mesenteric lymph nodes at early stages of the infective cycle, before 48 hours post-infection. In contrast, excision frequency remained very low in the liver and spleen at these stages. Interestingly, excision increased drastically after 48 h post infection, when intestinal re-infection and mortality begun. Moreover, we observed that the inability to excise ROD21 had a negative effect on S. Enteritidis capacity to translocate from the intestine to deeper organs, which correlates with an abnormal transcription of invA in the S. Enteritidis strain unable to excise ROD21. These results suggest that excision of ROD21 is a genetic mechanism required by S. Enteritidis to produce a successful invasion of the intestinal epithelium, a step required to generate systemic infection in mice. Salmonella is a bacterial genus that causes foodborne illnesses worldwide. The ability of Salmonella to cause disease is related to the presence of Pathogenicity Islands (PAIs), which are clusters of genes within the bacterial chromosome that are involved in virulence. Interestingly, some PAIs excise and re-integrate into the bacterial chromosome, which is a process probably involved in the capacity of Salmonella to cause infection in their hosts. Here we show that the excision of Region of Difference 21 (ROD21), one of the excisable PAIs within the genome of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, occurs with high frequency in the mesenteric lymph node at early stages of infection, suggesting that excision is required by S. Enteritidis to reach this organ from the intestinal tract. Accordingly, S. Enteritidis strains unable to excise ROD21 are unable to invade intestinal host cells, delaying the infective cycle and showing attenuated virulence. We propose that ROD21 excision in vivo is required by S. Enteritidis to cross the intestinal barrier, a fundamental step to further colonize deep organs, due to modulation of virulence genes transcription. Thus, ROD21 excision may play an important role in the capacity of the bacteria to cause a successful systemic infection in the mouse. Our data suggest that the excision of PAIs is a mechanism used by Salmonella and probably other Gram-negative enterobacteria to modulate the expression of virulence genes and may provide insights to design novel therapies to control the infection caused by these pathogens.
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HilD induces expression of a novel Salmonella Typhimurium invasion factor, YobH, through a regulatory cascade involving SprB. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12725. [PMID: 31484980 PMCID: PMC6726612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49192-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
HilD is an AraC-like transcriptional regulator encoded in the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1), which actives transcription of many genes within and outside SPI-1 that are mainly required for invasion of Salmonella into host cells. HilD controls expression of target genes directly or by acting through distinct regulators; three different regulatory cascades headed by HilD have been described to date. Here, by analyzing the effect of HilD on the yobH gene in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), we further define an additional regulatory cascade mediated by HilD, which was revealed by previous genome-wide analyses. In this regulatory cascade, HilD acts through SprB, a LuxR-like regulator encoded in SPI-1, to induce expression of virulence genes. Our data show that HilD induces expression of sprB by directly counteracting H-NS-mediated repression on the promoter region upstream of this gene. Then, SprB directly activates expression of several genes including yobH, slrP and ugtL. Interestingly, we found that YobH, a protein of only 79 amino acids, is required for invasion of S. Typhimurium into HeLa cells and mouse macrophages. Thus, our results reveal a novel S. Typhimurium invasion factor and provide more evidence supporting the HilD-SprB regulatory cascade.
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Lin L, Liao X, Cui H. Cold plasma treated thyme essential oil/silk fibroin nanofibers against Salmonella Typhimurium in poultry meat. Food Packag Shelf Life 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2019.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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27
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Pelyuntha W, Chaiyasut C, Kantachote D, Sirilun S. Cell-free supernatants from cultures of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented grape as biocontrol against Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Typhimurium virulence via autoinducer-2 and biofilm interference. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7555. [PMID: 31523511 PMCID: PMC6715067 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Typhimurium are the causative pathogens of salmonellosis, and they are mostly found in animal source foods (ASF). The inappropriate use of antibiotics enhances the possibility for the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and antibiotic residue in ASF. One promising alternative to antibiotics in animal farming is the use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Methods The present study was carried out the cells and/or the cell-free culture supernatants (CFCS) from beneficial LAB against S. Typhi and S. Typhimurium. The antibacterial mechanisms of LAB-CFCS as biocontrol agents against both Salmonella serovars were investigated through the analysis of anti-salmonella growth activity, biofilm inhibition and quorum quenching activity. Results Among 146 LAB strains isolated from 110 fermented food samples, the 2 strong inhibitory effect strains (WM33 and WM36) from fermented grapes against both Salmonella serovars were selected. Out of the selected strains, WM36 was the most effective inhibitor, which indicated S. Typhi by showing 95.68% biofilm inhibition at 20% biofilm inhibition concentration (BIC) and reduced 99.84% of AI-2 signaling interference. The WM33 was the best to control S. Typhimurium by producing 66.46% biofilm inhibition at only 15% BIC and 99.99% AI-2 signaling a reduction. The 16S rDNA was amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The selected isolates were identified as Weissella viridescens WM33 and Weissella confusa WM36 based on nucleotide homology and phylogenetic analysis. Conclusion The metabolic extracts from Weissella spp. inhibit Salmonella serovars with the potential to be used as biocontrol agents to improve microbiological safety in the production of ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wattana Pelyuntha
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Duangporn Kantachote
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Sasithorn Sirilun
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Moye ZD, Woolston J, Abbeele PVAND, Duysburgh C, Verstrepen L, DAS CR, Marzorati M, Sulakvelidze A. A Bacteriophage Cocktail Eliminates Salmonella Typhimurium from the Human Colonic Microbiome while Preserving Cytokine Signaling and Preventing Attachment to and Invasion of Human Cells by Salmonella In Vitro. J Food Prot 2019; 82:1336-1349. [PMID: 31313962 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Nontyphoidal Salmonella strains continue to be a major cause of foodborne illness globally. One intriguing approach to reducing the risk of salmonellosis is the direct ingestion of phages targeting Salmonella to enhance natural gut resilience and provide protection during foodborne disease outbreaks. We evaluated the ability of a prophylactically administered bacteriophage cocktail, the foodborne outbreak pill (FOP) targeting Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella, to resolve a Salmonella infection in the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME), a simulated gut platform populated by the human intestinal microbiome of healthy donors. The FOP preparation eliminated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium from the colon compartment of the SHIME platform but health-associated metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids and lactate, remained stable or increased in a donor-dependent manner. In studies of human intestinal cells, pretreatment of Salmonella Typhimurium with the FOP cocktail preserved lipopolysaccharide-stimulated signaling in a Caco-2-THP-1 Transwell system and prevented destruction of the Caco-2 monolayer by Salmonella. Adhesion and invasion of intestinal epithelial cells by Salmonella-a critical factor in Salmonella pathogenesis-was blunted when the bacteria were incubated with the FOP preparation before addition to the monolayer. The FOP phage cocktail was effective for (i) eliminating Salmonella from a simulated human gut without disturbing the indigenous microbiota and (ii) reducing the risk of invasion by Salmonella into the intestinal epithelia. These results suggest that the FOP preparation may be of value for reducing the risk of salmonellosis in humans, e.g., during foodborne disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary D Moye
- 1 Intralytix, Inc., The Columbus Center, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, USA
| | - Joelle Woolston
- 1 Intralytix, Inc., The Columbus Center, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, USA
| | | | | | | | - Chythanya Rajanna DAS
- 1 Intralytix, Inc., The Columbus Center, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, USA
| | - Massimo Marzorati
- 2 ProDigest, BVBA, Technologiepark 3, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.,3 Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexander Sulakvelidze
- 1 Intralytix, Inc., The Columbus Center, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, USA
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Xia MY, Xie Y, Yu CH, Chen GY, Li YH, Zhang T, Peng Q. Graphene-based nanomaterials: the promising active agents for antibiotics-independent antibacterial applications. J Control Release 2019; 307:16-31. [PMID: 31185232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have shown great potentials in drug delivery and photodynamic/photothermal therapy due to their featured structure and physicochemical properties. In recent years, their antibacterial potentials have also been exploited. The commonly recognized antibacterial mechanisms include sharp edge-mediated cutting effect, oxidative stress and cell entrapment. This antibacterial activity is very important for human health. As we know, infection with the pathogenic bacteria, especially the drug-resistant ones, is a great threat to human lives. Thus, the development of the antibiotics-independent and drug-free antibacterial agents is of great importance and significance. Graphene-based nanomaterials are a kind of such antibacterial agents. An insight into their properties and antibacterial mechanisms is necessary before they are developed into real products. Herein, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the antibacterial application of graphene-based nanomaterials via summarizing their antibacterial activities against some typical microbial species and discussing their unique mechanisms. In addition, the side-effects and problems in using these nanomaterials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ying Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chen-Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ge-Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Mishra R, Upadhyay A, Prajapati VK, Dhiman R, Poluri KM, Jana NR, Mishra A. LRSAM1 E3 ubiquitin ligase: molecular neurobiological perspectives linked with brain diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2093-2110. [PMID: 30826859 PMCID: PMC11105512 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular protein quality control (PQC) plays a significant role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Failure of PQC mechanism may lead to various neurodegenerative diseases due to accumulation of aberrant proteins. To avoid such fatal neuronal conditions PQC employs autophagy and ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) to degrade misfolded proteins. Few quality control (QC) E3 ubiquitin ligases interplay an important role to specifically recognize misfolded proteins for their intracellular degradation. Leucine-rich repeat and sterile alpha motif-containing 1 (LRSAM1) is a really interesting new gene (RING) class protein that possesses E3 ubiquitin ligase activity with promising applications in PQC. LRSAM1 is also known as RING finger leucine repeat rich (RIFLE) or TSG 101-associated ligase (TAL). LRSAM1 has various cellular functions as it modulates the protein aggregation, endosomal sorting machinery and virus egress from the cells. Thus, this makes LRSAM1 interesting to study not only in protein conformational disorders such as neurodegeneration but also in immunological and other cancerous disorders. Furthermore, LRSAM1 interacts with both cellular protein degradation machineries and hence it can participate in maintenance of overall cellular proteostasis. Still, more research work on the quality control molecular functions of LRSAM1 is needed to comprehend its roles in various protein aggregatory diseases. Earlier findings suggest that in a mouse model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, lack of LRSAM1 functions sensitizes peripheral axons to degeneration. It has been observed that in CMT the patients retain dominant and recessive mutations of LRSAM1 gene, which encodes most likely a defective protein. However, still the comprehensive molecular pathomechanism of LRSAM1 in neuronal functions and neurodegenerative diseases is not known. The current article systematically represents the molecular functions, nature and detailed characterization of LRSAM1 E3 ubiquitin ligase. Here, we review emerging molecular mechanisms of LRSAM1 linked with neurobiological functions, with a clear focus on the mechanism of neurodegeneration and also on other diseases. Better understanding of LRSAM1 neurobiological and intracellular functions may contribute to develop promising novel therapeutic approaches, which can also propose new lines of molecular beneficial targets for various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Jana
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India.
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Saha P, Xiao X, Yeoh BS, Chen Q, Katkere B, Kirimanjeswara GS, Vijay-Kumar M. The bacterial siderophore enterobactin confers survival advantage to Salmonella in macrophages. Gut Microbes 2018; 10:412-423. [PMID: 30449241 PMCID: PMC6546333 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2018.1546519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterobactin (Ent), a prototypical bacterial siderophore known for its unparalleled affinity for iron, is widely conserved among members of the Enterobacteriaceae family of Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we demonstrated that, aside from mediating iron acquisition, Ent also dampened the macrophages (MΦs) antimicrobial responses against intracellular infection by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Accordingly, the loss of Ent expression (ΔentB) in Salmonella demoted their survivability against MΦs. Addition of exogenous Ent not only rescued the survival of ΔentB Salmonella, but also augmented WT Salmonella to better withstand the microbicidal activity of MΦs. The protection conferred to WT Salmonella was observed only when Ent was administered as iron-free, thus indicating the requirement of iron chelation in this context. In contrast, the exogenous iron-bound Ent retained its ability to promote the survival of ΔentB Salmonella, albeit modestly. Assessment on MΦs labile iron pool (LIP) revealed that iron-free Ent is able to permeate into MΦs, chelate the intracellular LIP, and regulate the expression of several key iron-regulatory proteins, i.e., divalent metal transporter 1, ferroportin, and hepcidin. Chelation of iron by Ent was also observed to promote the MΦs towards M2 polarization. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that Ent not only facilitates bacterial iron uptake but also disrupts MΦs iron homeostasis and M1/M2 polarization to safeguard intracellular bacteria against the anti-bacterial effects of their host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piu Saha
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Xia Xiao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Beng San Yeoh
- Graduate Program in Immunology & Infectious Disease, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Qiuyan Chen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Bhuvana Katkere
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
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Kaur J, Singh M, Dell'Aversana C, Benedetti R, Giardina P, Rossi M, Valadan M, Vergara A, Cutarelli A, Montone AMI, Altucci L, Corrado F, Nebbioso A, Altucci C. Biological interactions of biocompatible and water-dispersed MoS 2 nanosheets with bacteria and human cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16386. [PMID: 30401943 PMCID: PMC6219585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Two dimensional materials beyond graphene such as MoS2 and WS2 are novel and interesting class of materials whose unique physico-chemical properties can be exploited in applications ranging from leading edge nanoelectronics to the frontiers between biomedicine and biotechnology. To unravel the potential of TMD crystals in biomedicine, control over their production through green and scalable routes in biocompatible solvents is critically important. Furthermore, considering multiple applications of eco-friendly 2D dispersions and their potential impact onto live matter, their toxicity and antimicrobial activity still remain an open issue. Herein, we focus on the current demands of 2D TMDs and produce high-quality, few-layered and defect-free MoS2 nanosheets, exfoliated and dispersed in pure water, stabilized up to three weeks. Hence, we studied the impact of this material on human cells by investigating its interactions with three cell lines: two tumoral, MCF7 (breast cancer) and U937 (leukemia), and one normal, HaCaT (epithelium). We observed novel and intriguing results, exhibiting evident cytotoxic effect induced in the tumor cell lines, absent in the normal cells in the tested conditions. The antibacterial action of MoS2 nanosheets is then investigated against a very dangerous gram negative bacterium, such as two types of Salmonellas: ATCC 14028 and wild-type Salmonella typhimurium. Additionally, concentration and layer-dependent modulation of cytotoxic effect is found both on human cells and Salmonellas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasneet Kaur
- Department of Physics, "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Manjot Singh
- Department of Physics, "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Dell'Aversana
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio" 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Benedetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio" 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Giardina
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Manuela Rossi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Resources Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Mohammadhassan Valadan
- Department of Physics, "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vergara
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Cutarelli
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio" 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Corrado
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio" 7, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Department of Physics, "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
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Mechanisms of Bacterial Tolerance and Persistence in the Gastrointestinal and Respiratory Environments. Clin Microbiol Rev 2018; 31:31/4/e00023-18. [PMID: 30068737 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00023-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogens that infect the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts are subjected to intense pressure due to the environmental conditions of the surroundings. This pressure has led to the development of mechanisms of bacterial tolerance or persistence which enable microorganisms to survive in these locations. In this review, we analyze the general stress response (RpoS mediated), reactive oxygen species (ROS) tolerance, energy metabolism, drug efflux pumps, SOS response, quorum sensing (QS) bacterial communication, (p)ppGpp signaling, and toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems of pathogens, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp., Helicobacter spp., Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia spp., and Clostridium difficile, all of which inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. The following respiratory tract pathogens are also considered: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Burkholderia cenocepacia, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms regulating the bacterial tolerance and persistence phenotypes is essential in the fight against multiresistant pathogens, as it will enable the identification of new targets for developing innovative anti-infective treatments.
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Saravanakumar K, Chelliah R, MubarakAli D, Jeevithan E, Oh DH, Kathiresan K, Wang MH. Fungal enzyme-mediated synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles and its biocompatibility, antioxidant and bactericidal properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1542-1549. [PMID: 30170364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles (T-CSNPs) using the fungal enzyme of Trichoderma harzianum and its biocompatibility, antioxidant and bactericidal properties. The T-CSNPs synthesis was confirmed by absorbance at 280 nm using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. T-CSNPs were of spherical shape, as evident by field emission transmission electron microscopic (FETEM) analysis, and the average size of T-CSNPs was 90.8 nm, as calculated using particle size analyzer (PSA). The functional groups showed modifications of chitosan in T-CSNPs as evident by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis. T-CSNPs were found soluble at the wide range of pH, showing 100% solubility at pH 1-3 and 72% at pH 10. The T-CSNPs exhibited antioxidant property in a dose-dependent manner with pronounced activity at 100 mg·mL-1. The T-CSNPs also showed bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica Typhimurium by causing detrimental effects on bacterial cells. The T-CSNPs (50 μg·mL-1) did not display any cytotoxic effect on murine fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells, as evident by cell viability and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining assays, which confirmed biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. This work suggested further investigations on the utilization of the mycosynthesized nanochitosan in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandasamy Saravanakumar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramachandran Chelliah
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Biotechnology and Bioscience, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Davoodbasha MubarakAli
- National Repository for Microalgae and Cyanobacteria - Freshwater (DBT, Govt. of India), Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Elango Jeevithan
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Biotechnology and Bioscience, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Kandasamy Kathiresan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Myeong-Hyeon Wang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Argüello H, Estellé J, Zaldívar-López S, Jiménez-Marín Á, Carvajal A, López-Bascón MA, Crispie F, O'Sullivan O, Cotter PD, Priego-Capote F, Morera L, Garrido JJ. Early Salmonella Typhimurium infection in pigs disrupts Microbiome composition and functionality principally at the ileum mucosa. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7788. [PMID: 29773876 PMCID: PMC5958136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26083-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is a major foodborne pathogen which successfully infects animal species for human consumption such as swine. The pathogen has a battery of virulence factors which it uses to colonise and persist within the host. The host microbiota may play a role in resistance to, and may also be indirectly responsible from some of the consequences of, Salmonella infection. To investigate this, we used 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing to determine the changes in the gut microbiota of pigs in response to infection by Salmonella Typhimurium at three locations: ileum mucosa, ileum content and faeces. Early infection (2 days post-infection) impacted on the microbiome diversity at the mucosa, reflected in a decrease in representatives of the generally regarded as desirable genera (i.e., Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus). Severe damage in the epithelium of the ileum mucosa correlated with an increase in synergistic (with respect to Salmonella infection; Akkermansia) or opportunistically pathogenic bacteria (Citrobacter) and a depletion in anaerobic bacteria (Clostridium spp., Ruminococcus, or Dialliser). Predictive functional analysis, together with metabolomic analysis revealed changes in glucose and lipid metabolism in infected pigs. The observed changes in commensal healthy microbiota, including the growth of synergistic or potentially pathogenic bacteria and depletion of beneficial or competing bacteria, could contribute to the pathogen's ability to colonize the gut successfully. The findings from this study could be used to form the basis for further research aimed at creating intervention strategies to mitigate the effects of Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Argüello
- Grupo de Genómica y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14047, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Jordi Estellé
- GABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sara Zaldívar-López
- Grupo de Genómica y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14047, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángeles Jiménez-Marín
- Grupo de Genómica y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14047, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana Carvajal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Mª Asunción López-Bascón
- Departamento de Química Analítica Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, CeiA3 Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14047, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fiona Crispie
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co., Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Institute, Cork, Ireland
| | - Orla O'Sullivan
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co., Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Institute, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co., Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Institute, Cork, Ireland
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Departamento de Química Analítica Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, CeiA3 Campus de Excelencia Agroalimentaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14047, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Luis Morera
- Grupo de Genómica y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14047, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan J Garrido
- Grupo de Genómica y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14047, Córdoba, Spain
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36
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Nickerson KP, Senger S, Zhang Y, Lima R, Patel S, Ingano L, Flavahan WA, Kumar DKV, Fraser CM, Faherty CS, Sztein MB, Fiorentino M, Fasano A. Salmonella Typhi Colonization Provokes Extensive Transcriptional Changes Aimed at Evading Host Mucosal Immune Defense During Early Infection of Human Intestinal Tissue. EBioMedicine 2018; 31:92-109. [PMID: 29735417 PMCID: PMC6013756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Commensal microorganisms influence a variety of host functions in the gut, including immune response, glucose homeostasis, metabolic pathways and oxidative stress, among others. This study describes how Salmonella Typhi, the pathogen responsible for typhoid fever, uses similar strategies to escape immune defense responses and survive within its human host. To elucidate the early mechanisms of typhoid fever, we performed studies using healthy human intestinal tissue samples and "mini-guts," organoids grown from intestinal tissue taken from biopsy specimens. We analyzed gene expression changes in human intestinal specimens and bacterial cells both separately and after colonization. Our results showed mechanistic strategies that S. Typhi uses to rearrange the cellular machinery of the host cytoskeleton to successfully invade the intestinal epithelium, promote polarized cytokine release and evade immune system activation by downregulating genes involved in antigen sampling and presentation during infection. This work adds novel information regarding S. Typhi infection pathogenesis in humans, by replicating work shown in traditional cell models, and providing new data that can be applied to future vaccine development strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Nickerson
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - S Senger
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - R Lima
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - S Patel
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - L Ingano
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - W A Flavahan
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - D K V Kumar
- Department for the Neuroscience of Genetics and Aging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - C M Fraser
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - C S Faherty
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - M B Sztein
- Center for Vaccine Development, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - M Fiorentino
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - A Fasano
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.
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Dolan SK, Wijaya A, Geddis SM, Spring DR, Silva-Rocha R, Welch M. Loving the poison: the methylcitrate cycle and bacterial pathogenesis. Microbiology (Reading) 2018; 164:251-259. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andre Wijaya
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Rafael Silva-Rocha
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martin Welch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, UK
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38
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Lamas A, Miranda JM, Regal P, Vázquez B, Franco CM, Cepeda A. A comprehensive review of non-enterica subspecies of Salmonella enterica. Microbiol Res 2018; 206:60-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hall CL, Lee VT. Cyclic-di-GMP regulation of virulence in bacterial pathogens. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2018; 9:10.1002/wrna.1454. [PMID: 28990312 PMCID: PMC5739959 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Signaling pathways allow bacteria to adapt to changing environments. For pathogenic bacteria, signaling pathways allow for timely expression of virulence factors and the repression of antivirulence factors within the mammalian host. As the bacteria exit the mammalian host, signaling pathways enable the expression of factors promoting survival in the environment and/or nonmammalian hosts. One such signaling pathway uses the dinucleotide cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP), and many bacterial genomes encode numerous proteins that are responsible for synthesizing and degrading c-di-GMP. Once made, c-di-GMP binds to individual protein and RNA receptors to allosterically alter the macromolecule function to drive phenotypic changes. Each bacterial genome encodes unique sets of genes for c-di-GMP signaling and virulence factors so the regulation by c-di-GMP is organism specific. Recent works have pointed to evidence that c-di-GMP regulates virulence in different bacterial pathogens of mammalian hosts. In this review, we discuss the criteria for determining the contribution of signaling nucleotides to pathogenesis using a well-characterized signaling nucleotide, cyclic AMP (cAMP), in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Using these criteria, we review the roles of c-di-GMP in mediating virulence and highlight common themes that exist among eight diverse pathogens that cause different diseases through different routes of infection and transmission. WIREs RNA 2018, 9:e1454. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1454 This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherisse L Hall
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Vincent T Lee
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA
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40
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Anderson CJ, Kendall MM. Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Strategies for Host Adaptation. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1983. [PMID: 29075247 PMCID: PMC5643478 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens must sense and respond to newly encountered host environments to regulate the expression of critical virulence factors that allow for niche adaptation and successful colonization. Among bacterial pathogens, non-typhoidal serovars of Salmonella enterica, such as serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm), are a primary cause of foodborne illnesses that lead to hospitalizations and deaths worldwide. S. Tm causes acute inflammatory diarrhea that can progress to invasive systemic disease in susceptible patients. The gastrointestinal tract and intramacrophage environments are two critically important niches during S. Tm infection, and each presents unique challenges to limit S. Tm growth. The intestinal tract is home to billions of commensal microbes, termed the microbiota, which limits the amount of available nutrients for invading pathogens such as S. Tm. Therefore, S. Tm encodes strategies to manipulate the commensal population and side-step this nutritional competition. During subsequent stages of disease, S. Tm resists host immune cell mechanisms of killing. Host cells use antimicrobial peptides, acidification of vacuoles, and nutrient limitation to kill phagocytosed microbes, and yet S. Tm is able to subvert these defense systems. In this review, we discuss recently described molecular mechanisms that S. Tm uses to outcompete the resident microbiota within the gastrointestinal tract. S. Tm directly eliminates close competitors via bacterial cell-to-cell contact as well as by stimulating a host immune response to eliminate specific members of the microbiota. Additionally, S. Tm tightly regulates the expression of key virulence factors that enable S. Tm to withstand host immune defenses within macrophages. Additionally, we highlight the chemical and physical signals that S. Tm senses as cues to adapt to each of these environments. These strategies ultimately allow S. Tm to successfully adapt to these two disparate host environments. It is critical to better understand bacterial adaptation strategies because disruption of these pathways and mechanisms, especially those shared by multiple pathogens, may provide novel therapeutic intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Anderson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine,, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Melissa M Kendall
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine,, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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