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Brachi M, El Housseini W, Beaver K, Jadhav R, Dantanarayana A, Boucher DG, Minteer SD. Advanced Electroanalysis for Electrosynthesis. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:141-187. [PMID: 38585515 PMCID: PMC10995937 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Electrosynthesis is a popular, environmentally friendly substitute for conventional organic methods. It involves using charge transfer to stimulate chemical reactions through the application of a potential or current between two electrodes. In addition to electrode materials and the type of reactor employed, the strategies for controlling potential and current have an impact on the yields, product distribution, and reaction mechanism. In this Review, recent advances related to electroanalysis applied in electrosynthesis were discussed. The first part of this study acts as a guide that emphasizes the foundations of electrosynthesis. These essentials include instrumentation, electrode selection, cell design, and electrosynthesis methodologies. Then, advances in electroanalytical techniques applied in organic, enzymatic, and microbial electrosynthesis are illustrated with specific cases studied in recent literature. To conclude, a discussion of future possibilities that intend to advance the academic and industrial areas is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Brachi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Wassim El Housseini
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Kevin Beaver
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Rohit Jadhav
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Ashwini Dantanarayana
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Dylan G. Boucher
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 United States
- Kummer
Institute Center for Resource Sustainability, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
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2
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Zhang J, Li F, Liu D, Liu Q, Song H. Engineering extracellular electron transfer pathways of electroactive microorganisms by synthetic biology for energy and chemicals production. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1375-1446. [PMID: 38117181 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00537b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The excessive consumption of fossil fuels causes massive emission of CO2, leading to climate deterioration and environmental pollution. The development of substitutes and sustainable energy sources to replace fossil fuels has become a worldwide priority. Bio-electrochemical systems (BESs), employing redox reactions of electroactive microorganisms (EAMs) on electrodes to achieve a meritorious combination of biocatalysis and electrocatalysis, provide a green and sustainable alternative approach for bioremediation, CO2 fixation, and energy and chemicals production. EAMs, including exoelectrogens and electrotrophs, perform extracellular electron transfer (EET) (i.e., outward and inward EET), respectively, to exchange energy with the environment, whose rate determines the efficiency and performance of BESs. Therefore, we review the synthetic biology strategies developed in the last decade for engineering EAMs to enhance the EET rate in cell-electrode interfaces for facilitating the production of electricity energy and value-added chemicals, which include (1) progress in genetic manipulation and editing tools to achieve the efficient regulation of gene expression, knockout, and knockdown of EAMs; (2) synthetic biological engineering strategies to enhance the outward EET of exoelectrogens to anodes for electricity power production and anodic electro-fermentation (AEF) for chemicals production, including (i) broadening and strengthening substrate utilization, (ii) increasing the intracellular releasable reducing equivalents, (iii) optimizing c-type cytochrome (c-Cyts) expression and maturation, (iv) enhancing conductive nanowire biosynthesis and modification, (v) promoting electron shuttle biosynthesis, secretion, and immobilization, (vi) engineering global regulators to promote EET rate, (vii) facilitating biofilm formation, and (viii) constructing cell-material hybrids; (3) the mechanisms of inward EET, CO2 fixation pathway, and engineering strategies for improving the inward EET of electrotrophic cells for CO2 reduction and chemical production, including (i) programming metabolic pathways of electrotrophs, (ii) rewiring bioelectrical circuits for enhancing inward EET, and (iii) constructing microbial (photo)electrosynthesis by cell-material hybridization; (4) perspectives on future challenges and opportunities for engineering EET to develop highly efficient BESs for sustainable energy and chemical production. We expect that this review will provide a theoretical basis for the future development of BESs in energy harvesting, CO2 fixation, and chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Zhang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Dingyuan Liu
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Qijing Liu
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Hao Song
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Jiang Y, Dong Y, Sui M, Yu J, Wu J, Fu D. Towards a new understanding of bioelectrochemical systems from the perspective of microecosystems: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168410. [PMID: 37939951 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical system (BES) holds promise for sustainable energy generation and wastewater treatment. The microbial communities, as the core of BES, play a crucial role in its performance, thus needing to be systematically studied. However, researches considering microbial communities in BES from an ecological perspective are limited. This review provided a comprehensive summary of the BES with special emphasis on microecological principles, commencing with the dynamic formation and succession of the microbial communities. It also clarified the intricate interspecies relationships and quorum-sensing mechanisms regulated by dominant species. Furthermore, this review addressed the crucial themes in BES-related researches on ecological processes, including growth patterns, ecological structures, and defense strategies against external disturbances. By offering this novel perspective, it would contribute to enhancing the understanding of BES-centered technologies and facilitating future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yue Dong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Mingrui Sui
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Jimeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Daxuan Fu
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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4
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Jiménez Otero F, Newman DK, Tender LM. Pyocyanin-dependent electrochemical inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms is synergistic with antibiotic treatment. mBio 2023; 14:e0070223. [PMID: 37314185 PMCID: PMC10470778 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00702-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms are common in chronic wound infections and recalcitrant to treatment. Survival of cells within oxygen-limited regions in these biofilms is enabled by extracellular electron transfer (EET), whereby small redox active molecules act as electron shuttles to access distal oxidants. Here, we report that electrochemically controlling the redox state of these electron shuttles, specifically pyocyanin (PYO), can impact cell survival within anaerobic P. aeruginosa biofilms and can act synergistically with antibiotic treatment. Prior results demonstrated that under anoxic conditions, an electrode poised at sufficiently oxidizing potential (+100 mV vs Ag/AgCl) promotes EET within P. aeruginosa biofilms by re-oxidizing PYO for reuse by the cells. Here, when a reducing potential (-400 mV vs Ag/AgCl) was used to disrupt PYO redox cycling by maintaining PYO in the reduced state, we observed a 100-fold decrease in colony forming units within these biofilms compared with those exposed to electrodes poised at +100 mV vs Ag/AgCl. Phenazine-deficient Δphz* biofilms were unaffected by the potential applied to the electrode but were re-sensitized by adding PYO. The effect at -400 mV was exacerbated when biofilms were treated with sub-MICs of a range of antibiotics. Most notably, addition of the aminoglycoside gentamicin in a reductive environment almost completely eradicated wild-type biofilms but had no effect on the survival of Δphz* biofilms in the absence of phenazines. These data suggest that antibiotic treatment combined with the electrochemical disruption of PYO redox cycling, either through the toxicity of accumulated reduced PYO or the disruption of EET, or both, can lead to extensive killing. IMPORTANCE Biofilms provide a protective environment but also present challenges to the cells living within them, such as overcoming nutrient and oxygen diffusion limitations. Pseudomonas aeruginosa overcomes oxygen limitation by secreting soluble redox active phenazines, which act as electron shuttles to distal oxygen. Here, we show that electrochemically blocking the re-oxidation of one of these electron shuttles, pyocyanin, decreases cell survival within biofilms and acts synergistically with gentamicin to kill cells. Our results highlight the importance of the role that the redox cycling of electron shuttles fulfills within P. aeruginosa biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dianne K. Newman
- Biology and Biological Engineering and Geological and Planetary Sciences, Caltech, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Leonard M. Tender
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
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Rabiço F, Pedrino M, Narcizo JP, de Andrade AR, Reginatto V, Guazzaroni ME. Synthetic Biology Toolkit for a New Species of Pseudomonas Promissory for Electricity Generation in Microbial Fuel Cells. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2044. [PMID: 37630604 PMCID: PMC10458277 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer sustainable solutions for various biotechnological applications and are a crucial area of research in biotechnology. MFCs can effectively treat various refuse, such as wastewater and biodiesel waste by decomposing organic matter and generating electricity. Certain Pseudomonas species possess extracellular electron transfer (EET) pathways, enabling them to transfer electrons from organic compounds to the MFC's anode. Moreover, Pseudomonas species can grow under low-oxygen conditions, which is advantageous considering that the electron transfer process in an MFC typically leads to reduced oxygen levels at the anode. This study focuses on evaluating MFCs inoculated with a new Pseudomonas species grown with 1 g.L-1 glycerol, a common byproduct of biodiesel production. Pseudomonas sp. BJa5 exhibited a maximum power density of 39 mW.m-2. Also, the observed voltammograms and genome analysis indicate the potential production of novel redox mediators by BJa5. Additionally, we investigated the bacterium's potential as a synthetic biology non-model chassis. Through testing various genetic parts, including constitutive promoters, replication origins and cargos using pSEVA vectors as a scaffold, we assessed the bacterium's suitability. Overall, our findings offer valuable insights into utilizing Pseudomonas spp. BJa5 as a novel chassis for MFCs. Synthetic biology approaches can further enhance the performance of this bacterium in MFCs, providing avenues for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciene Rabiço
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil; (F.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Matheus Pedrino
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil; (F.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Julia Pereira Narcizo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (J.P.N.); (A.R.d.A.); (V.R.)
| | - Adalgisa Rodrigues de Andrade
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (J.P.N.); (A.R.d.A.); (V.R.)
| | - Valeria Reginatto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil; (J.P.N.); (A.R.d.A.); (V.R.)
| | - María-Eugenia Guazzaroni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil; (F.R.); (M.P.)
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6
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Zani ACB, Almeida ÉJRD, Furlan JPR, Pedrino M, Guazzaroni ME, Stehling EG, Andrade ARD, Reginatto V. Electrobiochemical skills of Pseudomonas aeruginosa species that produce pyocyanin or pyoverdine for glycerol oxidation in a microbial fuel cell. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139073. [PMID: 37263512 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can produce pigments, which mediate external electron transfer (EET). Depending on the mediator, this species can be explored in bioelectrosystems to harvest energy or to obtain chemicals from residual organic compounds. This study has compared the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) inoculated with a Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate, namely EW603 or EW819, which produce pyocyanin and pyoverdine, respectively. The efficiency of these MFCs in glycerol, a typical residue of biodiesel production, were also compared. The MFCs exhibited different performances. The maximum voltage was 411 and 281 mV m2, the power density was 40.1 and 21.3 mW m-2, and the coulombic efficiency was 5.16 and 1.49% for MFC-EW603 and MFC-EW819, respectively. MFC-EW603 and MFC-EW819 achieved maximum current at 560 and 2200 Ω, at 141.2 and 91.3 mA m-2, respectively. When the system was operated at the respective maximum current output, MFC-EW603 consumed the total glycerol content (11 mmol L-1), and no products could be detected after 50 h. In turn, acetic and butyric acids were detected at the end of MFC-EW819 operation (75 h). The results suggested that P. aeruginosa metabolism can be steered in the MFC to generate current or microbial products depending on the pigment-producing strain and the conditions applied to the system, such as the external resistance. In addition, gene cluster pathways related to phenazine production (phzA and phzB) and other electrogenic-related genes (mexGHI-opmB) were identified in the strain genomes, supporting the findings. These results open new possibilities for using glycerol in bioelectrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara Bonizol Zani
- Universidade de São Paulo- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - FFCLRP - SP. Departamento de Química, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Érica Janaina Rodrigues de Almeida
- Universidade de São Paulo- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - FFCLRP - SP. Departamento de Química, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Rueda Furlan
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP - SP. Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Pedrino
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-901, Brazil
| | - María-Eugenia Guazzaroni
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-901, Brazil
| | - Eliana Guedes Stehling
- Universidade de São Paulo - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - FCFRP - SP. Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalgisa Rodrigues de Andrade
- Universidade de São Paulo- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - FFCLRP - SP. Departamento de Química, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Unesp, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Valeria Reginatto
- Universidade de São Paulo- Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto - FFCLRP - SP. Departamento de Química, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-030, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Franco A, Elbahnasy M, Rosenbaum MA. Screening of natural phenazine producers for electroactivity in bioelectrochemical systems. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:579-594. [PMID: 36571174 PMCID: PMC9948232 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediated extracellular electron transfer (EET) might be a great vehicle to connect microbial bioprocesses with electrochemical control in stirred-tank bioreactors. However, mediated electron transfer to date is not only much less efficient but also much less studied than microbial direct electron transfer to an anode. For example, despite the widespread capacity of pseudomonads to produce phenazine natural products, only Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been studied for its use of phenazines in bioelectrochemical applications. To provide a deeper understanding of the ecological potential for the bioelectrochemical exploitation of phenazines, we here investigated the potential electroactivity of over 100 putative diverse native phenazine producers and the performance within bioelectrochemical systems. Five species from the genera Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Nocardiopsis, Brevibacterium and Burkholderia were identified as new electroactive bacteria. Electron discharge to the anode and electric current production correlated with the phenazine synthesis of Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aurantiaca. Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid was the dominant molecule with a concentration of 86.1 μg/ml mediating an anodic current of 15.1 μA/cm2 . On the other hand, Nocardiopsis chromatogenes used a wider range of phenazines at low concentrations and likely yet-unknown redox compounds to mediate EET, achieving an anodic current of 9.5 μA/cm2 . Elucidating the energetic and metabolic usage of phenazines in these and other species might contribute to improving electron discharge and respiration. In the long run, this may enhance oxygen-limited bioproduction of value-added compounds based on mediated EET mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Franco
- Bio Pilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Elbahnasy
- Bio Pilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University (FSU), Jena, Germany
| | - Miriam A Rosenbaum
- Bio Pilot Plant, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University (FSU), Jena, Germany
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Cantillo-González A, Anguita J, Rojas C, Vargas IT. Winogradsky Bioelectrochemical System as a Novel Strategy to Enrich Electrochemically Active Microorganisms from Arsenic-Rich Sediments. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1953. [PMID: 36422381 PMCID: PMC9692521 DOI: 10.3390/mi13111953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have been extensively studied for treatment and remediation. However, BESs have the potential to be used for the enrichment of microorganisms that could replace their natural electron donor or acceptor for an electrode. In this study, Winogradsky BES columns with As-rich sediments extracted from an Andean watershed were used as a strategy to enrich lithotrophic electrochemically active microorganisms (EAMs) on electrodes (i.e., cathodes). After 15 months, Winogradsky BESs registered power densities up to 650 μWcm-2. Scanning electron microscopy and linear sweep voltammetry confirmed microbial growth and electrochemical activity on cathodes. Pyrosequencing evidenced differences in bacterial composition between sediments from the field and cathodic biofilms. Six EAMs from genera Herbaspirillum, Ancylobacter, Rhodococcus, Methylobacterium, Sphingomonas, and Pseudomonas were isolated from cathodes using a lithoautotrophic As oxidizers culture medium. These results suggest that the tested Winogradsky BES columns result in an enrichment of electrochemically active As-oxidizing microorganisms. A bioelectrochemical boost of centenarian enrichment approaches, such as the Winogradsky column, represents a promising strategy for prospecting new EAMs linked with the biogeochemical cycles of different metals and metalloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cantillo-González
- Departmento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Santiago 6640064, Chile
| | - Javiera Anguita
- Departmento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Claudia Rojas
- Laboratory of Soil Microbial Ecology and Biogeochemistry (LEMiBiS), Institute of Agri-Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences (ICA3), Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Ignacio T. Vargas
- Departmento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Santiago 6640064, Chile
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9
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Orlandi VT, Martegani E, Giaroni C, Baj A, Bolognese F. Bacterial pigments: A colorful palette reservoir for biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:981-1001. [PMID: 33870552 PMCID: PMC9544673 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic derivatives are currently used instead of pigments in many applicative fields, from food to feed, from pharmaceutical to diagnostic, from agronomy to industry. Progress in organic chemistry allowed to obtain rather cheap compounds covering the whole color spectrum. However, several concerns arise from this chemical approach, as it is mainly based on nonrenewable resources such as fossil oil, and the toxicity or carcinogenic properties of products and/or precursors may be harmful for personnel involved in the productive processes. In this scenario, microorganisms and their pigments represent a colorful world to discover and reconsider. Each living bacterial strain may be a source of secondary metabolites with peculiar functions. The aim of this review is to link the physiological role of bacterial pigments with their potential use in different biotechnological fields. This enormous potential supports the big challenge for the development of strategies useful to identify, produce, and purify the right pigment for the desired application. At the end of this ideal journey through the world of bacterial pigments, the attention will be focused on melanin compounds, whose production relies upon different techniques ranging from natural producers, heterologous hosts, or isolated enzymes. In a green workflow, the microorganisms represent the starting and final point of pigment production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleonora Martegani
- Department of Biotechnologies and Life SciencesUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Cristina Giaroni
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Andreina Baj
- Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Fabrizio Bolognese
- Department of Biotechnologies and Life SciencesUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
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10
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Li P, Chen Q, Dong H, Lu J, Sun D, Wei Y, He H, Tang R, Li Y, Dang Y. Effect of applying potentials on anaerobic digestion of high salinity organic wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 822:153416. [PMID: 35090928 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High salinity organic wastewater (HSOW) contains both organic pollutants and high concentration of inorganic salts. If it is discharged into the environment without proper treatment, it will cause adverse consequences such as dehydration and death of aquatic organisms, and soil salinization. Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) have been applied in various wastewater treatment processes. To assess the feasibility of using BESs to treat HSOW, the effect of applying potential on anaerobic digestion of HSOW was explored in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor poised at -0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). When organic loading rate (OLR) was 2.16-2.88 kg chemical oxygen demand/(m3d) (kg COD/(m3d)), the applied potential had no significant effect on the UASB performance. After OLR was increased to 4.32 kg COD/(m3d), the applied potential decreased COD removal efficiency and methane production and resulted in VFAs accumulation. Mesotoga was enriched on the electrode when potential was applied, causing decrease in relative abundances of acetoclastic methanogens. The abundance of Methanothrix on the electrode in the reactor with applied potential was much lower than in the control reactor (10% vs 28.9%), which might lead to decrease in performance of the reactor due to the depressed direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) and less formation of granular sludge. These results suggest that applying external potentials has negative effect on the anaerobic treatment of HSOW, and should be taken into consideration in real HSOW treatment projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengsong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430064, China
| | - He Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jialin Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dezhi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruting Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan Dang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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11
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Khandelwal H, Mutyala S, Kim M, Eun Song Y, Li S, Jang M, Oh SE, Rae Kim J. Colorimetric isolation of a novel electrochemically active Pseudomonas strain using tungsten nanorods for bioelectrochemical applications. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 146:108136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Olaifa K, Ajunwa O, Marsili E. Electroanalytic evaluation of antagonistic effect of azole fungicides on Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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13
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Finkelstein J, Swartz J, Koffas M. Bioelectrosynthesis systems. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 74:211-219. [PMID: 34979469 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioelectrosynthesis (BES) systems exploit extracellular electron transport pathways to augment cellular metabolism. This strategy can be used to improve the economic viability of bio-based syntheses versus conventional methods, most notably petrochemical-based syntheses. It also has the potential to reduce the carbon footprint of biomanufacturing processes. Efficient channeling of cathode-derived electrons towards biosynthesis requires a better understanding of the biological mechanisms of electron transport as well as detailed evaluation of all aspects of process performance. More advanced solutions may deploy cell free systems that use ex situ generated reducing equivalents to improve economic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Finkelstein
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - James Swartz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Mattheos Koffas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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14
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McCuskey SR, Chatsirisupachai J, Zeglio E, Parlak O, Panoy P, Herland A, Bazan GC, Nguyen TQ. Current Progress of Interfacing Organic Semiconducting Materials with Bacteria. Chem Rev 2021; 122:4791-4825. [PMID: 34714064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Microbial bioelectronics require interfacing microorganisms with electrodes. The resulting abiotic/biotic platforms provide the basis of a range of technologies, including energy conversion and diagnostic assays. Organic semiconductors (OSCs) provide a unique strategy to modulate the interfaces between microbial systems and external electrodes, thereby improving the performance of these incipient technologies. In this review, we explore recent progress in the field on how OSCs, and related materials capable of charge transport, are being used within the context of microbial systems, and more specifically bacteria. We begin by examining the electrochemical communication modes in bacteria and the biological basis for charge transport. Different types of synthetic organic materials that have been designed and synthesized for interfacing and interrogating bacteria are discussed next, followed by the most commonly used characterization techniques for evaluating transport in microbial, synthetic, and hybrid systems. A range of applications is subsequently examined, including biological sensors and energy conversion systems. The review concludes by summarizing what has been accomplished so far and suggests future design approaches for OSC bioelectronics materials and technologies that hybridize characteristic properties of microbial and OSC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R McCuskey
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Jirat Chatsirisupachai
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Erica Zeglio
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Onur Parlak
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine(Solna), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.,AIMES Center of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Patchareepond Panoy
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Anna Herland
- Division of Micro and Nanosystems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.,AIMES Center of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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15
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Sarmin S, Tarek M, Cheng CK, Roopan SM, Khan MMR. Augmentation of microbial fuel cell and photocatalytic polishing technique for the treatment of hazardous dimethyl phthalate containing wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125587. [PMID: 33721778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present paper, the potentiality of integrating microbial fuel cells (MFCs) with a photocatalytic reactor to maximize the wastewater treatment efficiency with concurrent power generation was explored. Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and acetic acid (AA) were the employed substrate and the co-substrate, respectively, using Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a biocatalyst. MFCs operated by single substrate showed the maximum power generation of 0.75-3.84 W m-3 whereas an addition of AA as the co-substrate yielded 3-12 fold higher power generation. Pseudomonas aeruginosa produced phenazine-1-carboxylic acid in DMP-fed MFC as the metabolite whereas AA along with DMP yielded pyocyanin which reduced the charge transfer resistance. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency in the MFCs was circa 62% after 11 days of operation. Thereafter, it further increased albeit with a drastic reduction in power generation. Subsequently, the MFC anolyte was treated in a photocatalytic reactor under visible light irradiation and catalyzed by CuO-gC3N4. The performance of photocatalytic reactor was evaluated, with COD and total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency of 88% and 86% after 200 min of light irradiation. The present work suggests that the MFC can be integrated with photocatalysis as a sustainable wastewater treatment method with concurrent power generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaya Sarmin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mostafa Tarek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Chin Kui Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University, P. O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Khalifa University, P. O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Selvaraj Mohana Roopan
- Chemistry of Heterocycles & Natural Product Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Md Maksudur Rahman Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia.
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16
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Nie H, Dang Y, Yan H, Sun D, Holmes DE. Enhanced recovery of nitrous oxide from incineration leachate in a microbial electrolysis cell inoculated with a nosZ-deficient strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 333:125082. [PMID: 33878502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of nitrous oxide were recovered from partial nitrification treated leachate in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) inoculated with a nosZ-deficient strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. N2O conversion efficiencies > 90% were achieved when a potential of 0.8 V was applied to the MEC. The ΔnosZ strain was enriched in the 0.8 V MEC, but Achromobacter dominated the non-current control. Nitric oxide reductase genes were highly expressed by ΔnosZ cells growing in the 0.8 V MEC, consistent with enhanced nitrous oxide production rates. Concentrations of phenazine derivatives and transcripts from phenazine biosynthesis genes were also high in the 0.8 V MEC. Phenazine derivatives are known to act as electron shuttles, enhance biofilm formation, and help ward off competitors, thereby increasing the survivability of the ΔnosZ strain in the MEC. These results show that applied current stabilized growth of the ΔnosZ strain in the reactor and allowed it to sustainably generate high concentrations of nitrous oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan Dang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongkang Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dezhi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Dawn E Holmes
- Department of Physical and Biological Sciences, Western New England University, 1215 Wilbraham Rd, Springfield, MA 01119, United States
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17
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Lekbach Y, Liu T, Li Y, Moradi M, Dou W, Xu D, Smith JA, Lovley DR. Microbial corrosion of metals: The corrosion microbiome. Adv Microb Physiol 2021; 78:317-390. [PMID: 34147188 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microbially catalyzed corrosion of metals is a substantial economic concern. Aerobic microbes primarily enhance Fe0 oxidation through indirect mechanisms and their impact appears to be limited compared to anaerobic microbes. Several anaerobic mechanisms are known to accelerate Fe0 oxidation. Microbes can consume H2 abiotically generated from the oxidation of Fe0. Microbial H2 removal makes continued Fe0 oxidation more thermodynamically favorable. Extracellular hydrogenases further accelerate Fe0 oxidation. Organic electron shuttles such as flavins, phenazines, and possibly humic substances may replace H2 as the electron carrier between Fe0 and cells. Direct Fe0-to-microbe electron transfer is also possible. Which of these anaerobic mechanisms predominates in model pure culture isolates is typically poorly documented because of a lack of functional genetic studies. Microbial mechanisms for Fe0 oxidation may also apply to some other metals. An ultimate goal of microbial metal corrosion research is to develop molecular tools to diagnose the occurrence, mechanisms, and rates of metal corrosion to guide the implementation of the most effective mitigation strategies. A systems biology approach that includes innovative isolation and characterization methods, as well as functional genomic investigations, will be required in order to identify the diagnostic features to be gleaned from meta-omic analysis of corroding materials. A better understanding of microbial metal corrosion mechanisms is expected to lead to new corrosion mitigation strategies. The understanding of the corrosion microbiome is clearly in its infancy, but interdisciplinary electrochemical, microbiological, and molecular tools are available to make rapid progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassir Lekbach
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Failure, Corrosion and Protection of Oil/Gas Facility Materials, College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Masoumeh Moradi
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenwen Dou
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dake Xu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Jessica A Smith
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, CT, United States
| | - Derek R Lovley
- Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, China; Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States.
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18
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Bioelectrochemical Fixation of Nitrogen to Extracellular Ammonium by Pseudomonas stutzeri. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0199820. [PMID: 33310714 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01998-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diazotrophs can produce bioavailable nitrogen from inert N2 gas by bioelectrochemical nitrogen fixation (e-BNF), which is emerging as an energy-saving and highly selective strategy for agriculture and industry. However, current e-BNF technology is impeded by requirements for NH4+ assimilation inhibitors to facilitate intracellular ammonia secretion and precious metal catalysts to generate H2 as the energy-carrying intermediate. Here, we initially demonstrate inhibitor- and catalystless extracellular NH4+ production by the diazotroph Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501 using an electrode as the sole electron donor. Multiple lines of evidence revealed that P. stutzeri produced 2.32 ± 0.25 mg/liter extracellular NH4+ at a poised potential of -0.3 V (versus standard hydrogen electrode [SHE]) without the addition of inhibitors or expensive catalysts. The electron uptake mechanism was attributed to the endogenous electron shuttle phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, which was excreted by P. stutzeri and mediated electron transfer from electrodes into cells to directly drive N2 fixation. The faradaic efficiency was 20% ± 3%, which was 2 to 4 times that of previous e-BNF attempts using the H2-mediated pathway. This study reports a diazotroph capable of producing secretable NH4+ via extracellular electron uptake, which has important implications for optimizing the performance of e-BNF systems and exploring the novel nitrogen-fixing mode of syntrophic microbial communities in the natural environment. IMPORTANCE Ammonia greatly affects global ecology, agriculture, and the food industry. Diazotrophs with an enhanced capacity of extracellular NH4+ excretion have been proven to be more beneficial to the growth of microalgae and plants, whereas most previously reported diazotrophs produce intracellular organic nitrogen in the absence of chemical suppression and genetic manipulation. Here, we demonstrate that Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501 is capable of extracellular NH4+ production without chemical suppression or genetic manipulation when the extracellular electrode is used as the sole electron donor. We also reveal the electron uptake pathway from the extracellular electron-donating partner to P. stutzeri A1501 via redox electron shuttle phenazines. Since both P. stutzeri A1501 and potential electron-donating partners (such as electroactive microbes and natural semiconductor minerals) are abundant in diverse soils and sediments, P. stutzeri A1501 has broader implications on the improvement of nitrogen fertilization in the natural environment.
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19
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Schwanemann T, Otto M, Wierckx N, Wynands B. Pseudomonasas Versatile Aromatics Cell Factory. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e1900569. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schwanemann
- Institute of Bio‐ and Geosciences, IBG‐1: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Jülich, GmbH 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Maike Otto
- Institute of Bio‐ and Geosciences, IBG‐1: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Jülich, GmbH 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Nick Wierckx
- Institute of Bio‐ and Geosciences, IBG‐1: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Jülich, GmbH 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Benedikt Wynands
- Institute of Bio‐ and Geosciences, IBG‐1: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Jülich, GmbH 52425 Jülich Germany
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20
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Feng J, Lu Q, Li K, Xu S, Wang X, Chen K, Ouyang P. Construction of an Electron Transfer Mediator Pathway for Bioelectrosynthesis by Escherichia coli. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:590667. [PMID: 33178679 PMCID: PMC7594510 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.590667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) or electro-fermentation (EF) is a promising microbial electrochemical technology for the synthesis of valuable chemicals or high-value fuels with aid of microbial cells as catalysts. By introducing electrical energy (current), fermentation environments can be altered or controlled in which the microbial cells are affected. The key role for electrical energy is to supply electrons to microbial metabolism. To realize electricity utility, a process termed inward extracellular electron transfer (EET) is necessary, and its efficiency is crucial to bioelectrochemical systems. The use of electron mediators was one of the main ways to realize electron transfer and improve EET efficiency. To break through some limitation of exogenous electron mediators, we introduced the phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) pathway from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 into Escherichia coli. The engineered E. coli facilitated reduction of fumarate by using PCA as endogenous electron mediator driven by electricity. Furthermore, the heterologously expressed PCA pathway in E. coli led to better EET efficiency and a strong metabolic shift to greater production of reduced metabolites, but lower biomass in the system. Then, we found that synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), as the "energy currency" in metabolism, was also affected. The reduction of menaquinon was demonstrated as one of the key reactions in self-excreted PCA-mediated succinate electrosynthesis. This study demonstrates the feasibility of electron transfer between the electrode and E. coli cells using heterologous self-excreted PCA as an electron transfer mediator in a bioelectrochemical system and lays a foundation for subsequent optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuhao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kequan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pingkai Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Chen H, Simoska O, Lim K, Grattieri M, Yuan M, Dong F, Lee YS, Beaver K, Weliwatte S, Gaffney EM, Minteer SD. Fundamentals, Applications, and Future Directions of Bioelectrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 120:12903-12993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Olja Simoska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Koun Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matteo Grattieri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Mengwei Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Fangyuan Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Yoo Seok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Kevin Beaver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Samali Weliwatte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Erin M. Gaffney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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22
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Chen Q, Liu C, Liu X, Sun D, Li P, Qiu B, Dang Y, Karpinski NA, Smith JA, Holmes DE. Magnetite enhances anaerobic digestion of high salinity organic wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 189:109884. [PMID: 32678736 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biological treatment of high salinity organic wastewater is a significant challenge because many microorganisms involved in the anaerobic digestion process cannot survive high osmotic pressures. In order to alleviate some of the stresses associated with the treatment of high salinity wastewater, two lab-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactors with or without magnetite (100 g/L) were used to treat high salinity organic wastewater. This study showed that the bioreactor amended with magnetite had higher chemical oxygen demand removal efficiencies (90.2% ± 0.54% vs 73.1% ± 1.9%) and methane production rates (4082 ± 334 ml (standard temperature and atmospheric pressure, STP)/d vs 2640 ± 120 ml (STP)/d) than the non-amended control reactor. In addition, the consumption of volatile fatty acids (20.9 ± 3.4 mM vs 61.7 ± 2.0 mM) was accelerated. Microbial community analysis revealed that the addition of magnetite caused the enrichment of many bacterial genera known to form robust biofilms (i.e. Pseudomonas) that are also capable of extracellular electron transfer and methanogens from the genus Methanosarcina which have been shown to participate in direct interspecies electron transfer. These results show that magnetite addition could enhance the performance of anaerobic digesters treating high salinity wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chuanqi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinying Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dezhi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Pengsong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bin Qiu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yan Dang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Nicole A Karpinski
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT, 06050, United States
| | - Jessica A Smith
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT, 06050, United States
| | - Dawn E Holmes
- Department of Physical and Biological Sciences, Western New England University, 1215 Wilbraham Rd, Springfield, MA, 01119, United States
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23
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Lin S, Hao T, Li X, Xiao Y, Chen G. Pin-point denitrification for groundwater purification without direct chemical dosing: Demonstration of a two-chamber sulfide-driven denitrifying microbial electrochemical system. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 182:115918. [PMID: 32531495 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The nitrate concentration in groundwater has been increasing over time due to the intensive use of nitrogen fertilizer. Current nitrate removal technologies are restricted by the high operational cost or the inevitable secondary contaminations. This study proposed a two-chamber sulfide-driven denitrifying microbial electrochemical system to denitrify nitrate in its cathode chamber. Instead of conventional organic substrates, sulfide is oxidized in the anode chamber to generate electrons for cathodic denitrification. Long-term performance of this novel system was evaluated over 200 days (100 cycles) of batch-fed operation. With the assistance of anodic microorganisms, sulfide can be directly oxidized to sulfate thus avoiding passivating the anode. Catalyzed by the cathodic microorganisms, complete denitrification was realized with neither nitrite nor nitrous oxide accumulation. Benefiting from the electroautotrophic behavior of the functional microorganisms, high electron utilization efficiencies were achieved, 80% and 85% for the anode (sulfide oxidation) and the cathode (denitrification) respectively. Both observed electrode potentials and microbial analyses revealed that cytochrome c is the crucial electron transfer mediator in the cathodic electron transfer for denitrification. Based on the analysis of planktonic and biofilm microbial samples, anodic and cathodic extracellular electron transfer bioprocesses are proposed, both the direct and mediated electron transfers involved, as were revealed by immobilized and planktonic functional microorganisms, respectively. This study demonstrates the feasibility of purifying nitrate-contaminated groundwater without sacrificing its water quality in a separate mode of treatment. This concept can be extended to a broader field, in which the water requires bio-polishing without introducing unwanted secondary pollution like the post-denitrification of wastewater effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau.
| | - Xiling Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yihang Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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Arrebola E, Cazorla FM. Aer Receptors Influence the Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1606 Lifestyle. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1560. [PMID: 32754135 PMCID: PMC7367214 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1606 (PcPCL1606) is a rhizobacterium isolated from avocado roots, which is a favorable niche for its development. This strain extensively interacts with plant roots and surrounding microbes and is considered a biocontrol rhizobacterium. Genome sequencing has shown the presence of thirty-one potential methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs). Among these MCPs, two candidates are putative functional aerotaxis receptors, encoded at locus PCL1606_41090 (aer1-1) and locus PLC1606_20530 (aer1-2), that are homologous to the Aer receptor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PaO1. Single- and double-deletion mutants in one or both genes have led to motility deficiencies in oxygen-rich areas, particularly reduced swimming motility compared with that of wildtype PcPCL1606. No differences in swarming tests were detected, and less adhesion by the aer double mutant was observed. However, the single and double mutants on avocado plant roots showed delayed biocontrol ability. During the first days of the biocontrol experiment, the aer-defective mutants also showed delayed root colonization. The current research characterizes the presence of aer transductors on P. chlororaphis. Thus, the functions of the PCL1606_41090 and PCL1606_20530 loci, corresponding to genes aer1-1 and aer1-2, respectively, are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Arrebola
- Departamento de Microbiología, Faculta de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" IHSM, UMA-CSIC, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco M Cazorla
- Departamento de Microbiología, Faculta de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora" IHSM, UMA-CSIC, Málaga, Spain
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25
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Arkatkar A, Mungray AK, Sharma P. Bioelectrochemical behaviour of a sequentially added biocatalytic coculture in a microbial fuel cell. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:562-573. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ambika Arkatkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Sardar Vallabhabhai National Institute of Technology; Surat India
- Department of Biotechnology; Veer Narmad South Gujarat University; Surat India
| | - Arvind Kumar Mungray
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Sardar Vallabhabhai National Institute of Technology; Surat India
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology; Veer Narmad South Gujarat University; Surat India
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26
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Simoska O, Sans M, Eberlin LS, Shear JB, Stevenson KJ. Electrochemical monitoring of the impact of polymicrobial infections on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and growth dependent medium. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 142:111538. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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27
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Askitosari TD, Boto ST, Blank LM, Rosenbaum MA. Boosting Heterologous Phenazine Production in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 Through the Exploration of the Natural Sequence Space. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1990. [PMID: 31555229 PMCID: PMC6722869 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) and its derivative pyocyanin (PYO) are natural redox mediators in bioelectrochemical systems and have the potential to enable new bioelectrochemical production strategies. The native producer Pseudomonas aeruginosa harbors two identically structured operons in its genome, which encode the enzymes responsible for PCA synthesis [phzA1-G1 (operon 1), phzA2-G2 (operon 2)]. To optimize heterologous phenazines production in the biotech host Pseudomonas putida KT2440, we compared PCA production from both operons originating from P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 (O1.phz1 and O1.phz2) as well as from P. aeruginosa strain PA14 (14.phz1 and 14.phz2). Comparisons of phenazine synthesis and bioelectrochemical activity were performed between heterologous constructs with and without the combination with the genes phzM and phzS required to convert PCA to PYO. Despite a high amino acid homology of all enzymes of more than 97%, P. putida harboring 14.phz2 produced 4-times higher PCA concentrations (80 μg/mL), which resulted in 3-times higher current densities (12 μA/cm2) compared to P. putida 14.phz1. The respective PCA/PYO producer containing the 14.phz2 operon was the best strain with 80 μg/mL PCA, 11 μg/mL PYO, and 22 μA/cm2 current density. Tailoring phenazine production also resulted in improved oxygen-limited metabolic activity of the bacterium through enhanced anodic electron discharge. To elucidate the reason for this superior performance, a detailed structure comparison of the PCA-synthesizing proteins has been performed. The here presented characterization and optimization of these new strains will be useful to improve electroactivity in P. putida for oxygen-limited biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresia D Askitosari
- Institute of Applied Microbiology - iAMB, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Santiago T Boto
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Lars M Blank
- Institute of Applied Microbiology - iAMB, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Miriam A Rosenbaum
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany.,Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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Biofilm systems as tools in biotechnological production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5095-5103. [PMID: 31079168 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09869-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The literature provides more and more examples of research projects that develop novel production processes based on microorganisms organized in the form of biofilms. Biofilms are aggregates of microorganisms that are attached to interfaces. These viscoelastic aggregates of cells are held together and are embedded in a matrix consisting of multiple carbohydrate polymers as well as proteins. Biofilms are characterized by a very high cell density and by a natural retentostat behavior. Both factors can contribute to high productivities and a facilitated separation of the desired end-product from the catalytic biomass. Within the biofilm matrix, stable gradients of substrates and products form, which can lead to a differentiation and adaptation of the microorganisms' physiology to the specific process conditions. Moreover, growth in a biofilm state is often accompanied by a higher resistance and resilience towards toxic or growth inhibiting substances and factors. In this short review, we summarize how biofilms can be studied and what most promising niches for their application can be. Moreover, we highlight future research directions that will accelerate the advent of productive biofilms in biology-based production processes.
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Yang J, Cheng S, Li C, Sun Y, Huang H. Shear Stress Affects Biofilm Structure and Consequently Current Generation of Bioanode in Microbial Electrochemical Systems (MESs). Front Microbiol 2019; 10:398. [PMID: 30894842 PMCID: PMC6415583 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Shear stress is an important factor that affects the formation and structure of anode biofilms, which are strongly related to the extracellular electron transfer phenomena and bioelectric performance of bioanodes. Here, we show that using nitrogen sparging to induce shear stress during anode biofilm formation increases the linear sweep voltammetry peak current density of the mature anode biofilm from 2.37 ± 0.15 to 4.05 ± 0.25 A/m2. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results revealed that the shear-stress-enriched anode biofilm had a low charge transfer resistance of 46.34 Ω compared to that of the unperturbed enriched anode biofilm (72.2 Ω). Confocal laser scanning microscopy observations showed that the shear-stress-enriched biofilms were entirely viable, whereas the unperturbed enriched anode biofilm consisted of a live outer layer covering a dead inner-core layer. Based on biomass and community analyses, the shear-stress-enriched biofilm had four times the biofilm density (136.0 vs. 27.50 μg DNA/cm3) and twice the relative abundance of Geobacteraceae (over 80 vs. 40%) in comparison with those of the unperturbed enriched anode biofilm. These results show that applying high shear stress during anode biofilm enrichment can result in an entirely viable and dense biofilm with a high relative abundance of exoelectrogens and, consequently, better performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, Department of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, Department of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaochao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, Department of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, Department of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haobin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, Department of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Microbial electrocatalysis: Redox mediators responsible for extracellular electron transfer. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1815-1827. [PMID: 30196813 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Redox mediator plays an important role in extracellular electron transfer (EET) in many environments wherein microbial electrocatalysis occurs actively. Because of the block of cell envelope and the low difference of redox potential between the intracellular and extracellular surroundings, the proceeding of EET depends mainly on the help of a variety of mediators that function as an electron carrier or bridge. In this Review, we will summarize a wide range of redox mediators and further discuss their functional mechanisms in EET that drives a series of microbial electrocatalytic reactions. Studying these mediators adds to our knowledge of how charge transport and electrochemical reactions occur at the microorganism-electrode interface. This understanding would promote the widespread applications of microbial electrocatalysis in microbial fuel cells, bioremediation, bioelectrosynthesis, biomining, nanomaterial productions, etc. These improved applications will greatly benefit the sustainable development of the environmental-friendly biochemical industries.
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Robb AJ, Vinogradov S, Danell AS, Anderson E, Blackledge MS, Melander C, Hvastkovs EG. Electrochemical Detection of Small Molecule Induced Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Dispersion. Electrochim Acta 2018; 268:276-282. [PMID: 30504968 DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A simple electrochemical assay to monitor the dispersion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 biofilm is described. Pyrolytic graphite (PG) electrodes were modified with P. aeruginosa PA01 using layer-by-layer (LbL) methods. The presence of the bacteria on the electrodes was directly monitored using square wave voltammetry (SWV) via the electrochemical reduction of electroactive phenazine compounds expressed by the bacteria, which indicate the presence of biofilm. Upon treatment of bacteria-modified electrodes with a 2-aminoimidazole (2-AI) derivative with known Pseudomonas anti-biofilm properties, the bacteria-related electrochemical reduction peaks decreased in a concentration dependent manner, indicating dispersal of the biofilm on the electrode surface. A similar 2-AI compound with negligible anti-biofilm activity was used as a comparative control and produced muted electrochemical results. Electrochemical responses mirrored previously established bioassay-derived half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) and half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values.. Biofilm dispersal detection via the electrochemical response was validated by monitoring crystal violet absorbance after its release from electrode confined P. aeruginosa biofilm. Mass spectrometry data showing multiple redox active phenazine compounds are presented to provide insight into the surface reaction complexity. Overall, we present a very simple assay to monitor the anti-biofilm activity of compounds of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Robb
- East Carolina University, Department of Chemistry
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