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D’Aquila P, De Rose E, Sena G, Scorza A, Cretella B, Passarino G, Bellizzi D. Quorum Quenching Approaches against Bacterial-Biofilm-Induced Antibiotic Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:619. [PMID: 39061301 PMCID: PMC11273524 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13070619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With the widespread phenomenon of antibiotic resistance and the diffusion of multiple drug-resistant bacterial strains, enormous efforts are being conducted to identify suitable alternative agents against pathogenic microorganisms. Since an association between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance phenotype has been observed, a promising strategy pursued in recent years focuses on controlling and preventing this formation by targeting and inhibiting the Quorum Sensing (QS) system, whose central role in biofilm has been extensively demonstrated. Therefore, the research and development of Quorum Quenching (QQ) compounds, which inhibit QS, has gradually attracted the attention of researchers and has become a new strategy for controlling harmful microorganisms. Among these, a number of both natural and synthetic compounds have been progressively identified as able to interrupt the intercellular communication within a microbial community and the adhesion to a surface, thus disintegrating mature/preformed biofilms. This review describes the role played by QS in the formation of bacterial biofilms and then focuses on the mechanisms of different natural and synthetic QS inhibitors (QSIs) exhibiting promising antibiofilm ability against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens and on their applications as biocontrol strategies in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia D’Aquila
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.D.); (E.D.R.); (G.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Elisabetta De Rose
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.D.); (E.D.R.); (G.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Giada Sena
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.D.); (E.D.R.); (G.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Angelo Scorza
- Villa Ermelinda, Progetto Terza Età, 88842 Cutro, Italy; (A.S.); (B.C.)
| | | | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.D.); (E.D.R.); (G.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Dina Bellizzi
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.D.); (E.D.R.); (G.S.); (G.P.)
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Rodrigues FC, Morais-Braga MFB, Almeida-Bezerra JW, Bezerra JJL, Fonseca VJA, de Araújo ACJ, Coutinho HDM, Ribeiro PRV, Canuto KM, Mendonça ACAM, de Oliveira AFM. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Cordiera myrciifolia leaves against pathogenic bacteria and fungi: Drug potentiation ability and inhibition of virulence. Fitoterapia 2024; 176:106027. [PMID: 38777073 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cordiera myrciifolia is an abundant species in Northeast Brazil that presents metabolites of biological/therapeutic interest. From this perspective, the present study aimed to investigate the chemical constituents and evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of hexane (HECM) and ethanolic (EECM) extracts of C. myrciifolia leaves. The extracts were analyzed by chromatographic techniques (GC and UPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts and the extracts combined with conventional drugs was evaluated by microdilution. The in vitro effect of the treatments on Candida's morphological transition was verified through cultivation in humid chambers. In HECM, 11 constituents including fatty acids, and triterpenes, including phytosterols, alkanes, tocols, and primary alcohols were identified. Triterpenes represented >40% of the identified constituents, with Lupeol being the most representative. In EECM, 13 constituents were identified, of which eight belonged to the class of flavonoids. High antibacterial activity of HECM was detected against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of 8 and 16 μg/mL, respectively. The combined activity was more effective when combined with Norfloxacin and Imipenem. In anti-Candida activity, the IC50 of the extracts ranged from 36.6 to 129.1 μg/mL. There was potentiating effect when associated with Fluconazole. Both extracts inhibited the filamentous growth of C. tropicalis at a concentration of 512 μg/mL. C. myrciifolia extracts prove to be candidates for the development of new therapeutic formulations to treat bacterial and fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicidade Caroline Rodrigues
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-420, Brazil.
| | | | - José Weverton Almeida-Bezerra
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-420, Brazil
| | - José Jailson Lima Bezerra
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Victor Juno Alencar Fonseca
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luís, 1161, Crato, Ceará 63105-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Justino de Araújo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luís no 1161, Crato, Ceará 63105-000, Brazil
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luís no 1161, Crato, Ceará 63105-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos Ribeiro
- Multi-User Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory - LMQPN, Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita, 2270, Fortaleza, Ceará 60511-110, Brazil
| | - Kirley Marques Canuto
- Multi-User Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory - LMQPN, Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita, 2270, Fortaleza, Ceará 60511-110, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio Fernando Morais de Oliveira
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. da Engenharia, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-420, Brazil
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Behzadnia A, Moosavi-Nasab M, Oliyaei N. Anti-biofilm activity of marine algae-derived bioactive compounds. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1270174. [PMID: 38680918 PMCID: PMC11055458 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1270174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A large number of microbial species tend to communicate and produce biofilm which causes numerous microbial infections, antibiotic resistance, and economic problems across different industries. Therefore, advanced anti-biofilms are required with novel attributes and targets, such as quorum sensing communication system. Meanwhile, quorum sensing inhibitors as promising anti-biofilm molecules result in the inhibition of particular phenotype expression blocking of cell-to-cell communication, which would be more acceptable than conventional strategies. Many natural products are identified as anti-biofilm agents from different plants, microorganisms, and marine extracts. Marine algae are promising sources of broadly novel compounds with anti-biofilm activity. Algae extracts and their metabolites such as sulfated polysaccharides (fucoidan), carotenoids (zeaxanthin and lutein), lipid and fatty acids (γ-linolenic acid and linoleic acid), and phlorotannins can inhibit the cell attachment, reduce the cell growth, interfere in quorum sensing pathway by blocking related enzymes, and disrupt extracellular polymeric substances. In this review, the mechanisms of biofilm formation, quorum sensing pathway, and recently identified marine algae natural products as anti-biofilm agents will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Behzadnia
- Seafood Processing Research Center, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Moosavi-Nasab
- Seafood Processing Research Center, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Oliyaei
- Seafood Processing Research Center, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Pan H, Wei L, Zhao H, Xiao Y, Li Z, Ding H. Perception of the Biocontrol Potential and Palmitic Acid Biosynthesis Pathway of Bacillus subtilis H2 through Merging Genome Mining with Chemical Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4834-4848. [PMID: 38401001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Bacillus has been widely studied for its potential to protect plants from pathogens. Here, we report the whole genome sequence of Bacillus subtilis H2, which was isolated from the tea garden soil of Guiyang Forest Park. Strain H2 showed a broad spectrum of antagonistic activities against many plant fungal pathogens and bacteria pathogens, including the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, and showed a good field control effect against rice blast. The complete genome of B. subtilis H2 contained a 4,160,635-bp circular chromosome, with an average G + C content of 43.78%. Through the genome mining of strain H2, we identified 7 known antimicrobial compound biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) including sporulation killing factor, surfactin, bacillaene, fengycin, bacillibactin, subtilosin A, and bacilysin. Palmitic acid (PA), a secondary metabolite, was detected and identified in the H2 strain through genome mining analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, we propose, for the first time, that the type II fatty acid synthesis (FAS) pathway in Bacillus is responsible for PA biosynthesis. This finding was confirmed by studying the antimicrobial activity of PA and conducting reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) experiments. We also identified numerous genes associated with plant-bacteria interactions in the H2 genome, including more than 94 colonization-related genes, more than 34 antimicrobial genes, and more than 13 plant growth-promoting genes. These findings contribute to our understanding of the biocontrol mechanisms of B. subtilis H2 and have potential applications in crop disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Longfeng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Institution of Supervision and Inspection Product Quality of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Haixia Ding
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Almeida-Bezerra JW, Pereira da Cruz R, Bezerra da Silva V, Da Silva Neto JX, Alves Lopes de Souza L, de Oliveira Bezerra de Sousa D, Monteiro Salgueiro Araujo N, Guimarães Gomes Silva R, Quefi B, Rau M, Andrade Rebelo R, Castro Dos Santos S, Everson da Silva L, Douglas Melo Coutinho H, Almeida Menezes S, Bezerra Morais-Braga MF, Morais de Oliveira AF. Exploring the Fluconazole-Resistance Modifying Activity and Potential Mechanism of Action of Fixed Oil from Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. (Caryocaraceae) against Candida Species. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301960. [PMID: 38196022 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The fixed oil from the inner mesocarp of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. is used in the Chapada do Araripe region of Brazil for the treatment of genitourinary candidiasis. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, antifungal activity, reduction of fungal virulence, and the preliminary toxicity of the fixed oil from the inner mesocarp of C. coriaceum tested against three Candida yeasts. The oil was characterized by gas chromatography (GC-MS and GC-FID). Antifungal activity was assessed using the serial microdilution method. Additionally, the potential of the oil as an enhancer of fluconazole action was tested at sub-inhibitory concentrations (MIC/8). The mechanism of action of C. coriaceum fixed oil was determined by evaluating the inhibition of morphological transition in Candida spp. The chemical composition of the fixed oil of C. coriaceum comprised both unsaturated and saturated fatty acids. Oleic (61 %) and palmitic (33 %) acids were the major constituents. Regarding its anti-Candida activity, the oil inhibited the growth of C. albicans (IC50 : 371 μg/mL) and C. tropicalis (IC50 : 830 μg/mL). Furthermore, the oil reversed the antifungal resistance of C. albicans and C. tropicalis, restoring the susceptibility to fluconazole and reducing their IC50 from 12.33 μg/mL and 362 μg/mL to 0.22 μg/mL and 13.93 μg/mL, respectively. The fixed oil of C. coriaceum completely inhibited the morphological transition of C. albicans and C. tropicalis at a concentration of 512 μg/mL, but exhibited limited low antifungal potential against C. krusei. The observed antifungal activity may be attributed to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Additionally, the oil showed no toxic effect on the Drosophila melanogaster in vivo model. The fixed oil from the inner mesocarp of C. coriaceum emerge as a strong candidate for the development of new pharmaceutical formulations to treat infections caused by Candida spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Weverton Almeida-Bezerra
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, s/n, Rua Professor Moraes Rego, Recife, Pernambuco, 50.670-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pereira da Cruz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, 1161, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Viviane Bezerra da Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, 1161, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - João Xavier Da Silva Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara'-UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | - Larissa Alves Lopes de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara'-UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | | | - Nadine Monteiro Salgueiro Araujo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara'-UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | - Rafael Guimarães Gomes Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara'-UFC, s/n, Av. Humberto Monte, Fortaleza, 60.451-970, Brazil
| | - Blasco Quefi
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau, FURB, Itoupava Seca, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Martinho Rau
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau, FURB, Itoupava Seca, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrade Rebelo
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau, FURB, Itoupava Seca, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Sarah Castro Dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau, FURB, Itoupava Seca, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiz Everson da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Sustainable Territorial Development, Coastal Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Matinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, 1161, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Saulo Almeida Menezes
- Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, 9500, Av. Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970, Brazil
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Pandey P, Pradhan S, Meher K, Lopus M, Vavilala SL. Exploring the efficacy of tryptone-stabilized silver nanoparticles against respiratory tract infection-causing bacteria: a study on planktonic and biofilm forms. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:025047. [PMID: 38364289 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2a40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are a common cause of mortality and morbidity in the human population. The overuse of antibiotics to overcome such infections has led to antibiotic resistance. The emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria is necessitating the development of novel therapeutic techniques in order to avoid a major global clinical threat. Our study aims to investigate the potential of tryptone stabilised silver nanoparticles (Ts-AgNPs) on planktonic and biofilms produced byKlebsiella pneumoniae(K. pneumoniae)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa). The MIC50of Ts-AgNPs was found to be as low as 1.7 μg ml-1and 2.7 μg ml-1forK. pneumoniae and P.aeruginosarespectively. Ts-AgNPs ability to alter redox environment by producing intracellular ROS, time-kill curves showing substantial decrease in the bacterial growth and significantly reduced colony forming units further validate its antimicrobial effect. The biofilm inhibition and eradication ability of Ts-AgNPs was found to be as high as 93% and 97% in both the tested organisms. A significant decrease in the eDNA and EPS quantity in Ts-AgNPs treated cells proved its ability to successfully distort the matrix and matured biofilms. Interestingly Ts-AgNPs also attenuated QS-induced virulence factors production. This study paves way to develop Ts-AgNPs as novel antibiotics against RTIs causing bacterial biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Pandey
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Kalina Campus, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Sristi Pradhan
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Kalina Campus, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Kimaya Meher
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Kalina Campus, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Manu Lopus
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Kalina Campus, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Sirisha L Vavilala
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Kalina Campus, Mumbai 400098, India
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Vishwakarma M, Haider T, Soni V. Update on fungal lipid biosynthesis inhibitors as antifungal agents. Microbiol Res 2024; 278:127517. [PMID: 37863019 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Fungal diseases today represent a world-wide problem. Poor hygiene and decreased immunity are the main reasons behind the manifestation of this disease. After COVID-19, an increase in the rate of fungal infection has been observed in different countries. Different classes of antifungal agents, such as polyenes, azoles, echinocandins, and anti-metabolites, as well as their combinations, are currently employed to treat fungal diseases; these drugs are effective but can cause some side effects and toxicities. Therefore, the identification and development of newer antifungal agents is a current need. The fungal cell comprises many lipids, such as ergosterol, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. Ergosterol is a sterol lipid that is only found in fungal cells. Various pathways synthesize all these lipids, and the activities of multiple enzymes govern these pathways. Inhibiting these enzymes will ultimately impede the lipid synthesis pathway, and this phenomenon could be a potential antifungal therapy. This review will discuss various lipid synthesis pathways and multiple antifungal agents identified as having fungal lipid synthesis inhibition activity. This review will identify novel compounds that can inhibit fungal lipid synthesis, permitting researchers to direct further deep pharmacological investigation and help develop drug delivery systems for such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Vishwakarma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., India
| | - Tanweer Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., India; Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gwalior, M.P., India
| | - Vandana Soni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, M.P., India.
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Li Y, Tang X, Yang Z, He J, Ma N, Huang A, Shi Y. BCp12/PLA combination: A novel antibacterial agent targeting Mur family, DNA gyrase and DHFR. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 406:110370. [PMID: 37678070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The combination of natural antimicrobial peptide BCp12/phenyllatic acid (BCp12/PLA) presents a more efficient antibacterial effect, but its antibacterial mechanism remains unclear. This study studied the synergistic antibacterial mechanism of BCp12 and PLA against S. aureus. The results demonstrated that the BCp12/PLA combination presented a synergistic antibacterial effect against S. aureus, with a fractional inhibitory concentration of 0.05. Furthermore, flow cytometry and scanning electron microscope analysis revealed that BCp12 and PLA synergistically promoted cell membrane disruption compared with the group treated only with one compound, inducing structural cell damage and cytoplasmic leakage. In addition, fluorescence spectroscopy analysis suggested that BCp12 and PLA synergistically influenced genomic DNA. BCp12 and PLA targeted enzymes related to peptidoglycan and DNA synthesis and interacted by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with mur enzymes (murC, murD, murE, murF, and murG), dihydrofolate reductase, and DNA gyrase. Additionally, the combined treatment successfully inhibited microbial reproduction in the storage of pasteurized milk, indicating that the combination of BCp12 and PLA can be used as a new preservative strategy in food systems. Overall, this study could provide potential strategies for preventing and controlling foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaozhao Tang
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, Yunnan, China
| | - Zushun Yang
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinze He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Ni Ma
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, Yunnan, China
| | - Aixiang Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
| | - Yanan Shi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
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Rashad YM, Al Tami MS, Abdalla SA. Eliciting transcriptomic and antioxidant defensive responses against Rhizoctonia root rot of sorghum using the endophyte Aspergillus oryzae YRA3. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19823. [PMID: 37963959 PMCID: PMC10646029 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution due to the improper use of the chemical fungicides represents a vital ecological problem, which affects human and animal health, as well as the microbial biodiversity and abundance in the soil. In this study, an endophytic fungus Aspergillus oryzae YRA3, isolated from the wild plant Atractylis carduus (Forssk.) C.Chr, was tested for its biocontrol activity against Rhizoctonia root rot of sorghum. The antagonistic potential of A. oryzae YRA3 was tested against Rhizoctonia solani in vitro. A full inhibition in the growth of R. solani was recorded indicating a strong antagonistic potential for this endophyte. To investigate the chemical composition of its metabolites, GC/MS analysis was used and thirty-two compounds in its culture filtrate were identified. Among these metabolites, some compounds with an antifungal background were detected including palmitic acid, 2-heptanone, and 2,3-butanediol. To these antifungal metabolites the antagonistic activity of A. oryzae YRA3 can be attributed. In the greenhouse experiment, treating of the infected sorghum plants with A. oryzae YRA3 significantly reduced severity of the Rhizoctonia root rot by 73.4%. An upregulation of the defensive genes (JERF3), (POD) and (CHI II) was recorded in sorghum roots when were inoculated with A. oryzae YRA3. In addition, an increment in the activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, as well as the total phenolic content in the sorghum roots was also recorded. Furthermore, the results obtained from the greenhouse experiment revealed a growth-promoting effect for inoculating the sorghum plants with A. oryzae YRA3. It can be concluded that A. oryzae YRA3 can be a probable biological agent to control this disease in sorghum. However, its evaluation under field conditions is highly needed in the future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes M Rashad
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.
| | - Mona S Al Tami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara A Abdalla
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt
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Mahmoud ALE, Kilany AHAM, Hassan EA. Antifungal activity of Lysinibacillus macroides against toxigenic Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium proliferatum and analysis of its mycotoxin minimization potential. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:269. [PMID: 37752474 PMCID: PMC10521556 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxigenic fungi (Aspergillus and Fusarium) and their metabolites represent the major cause of corn and corn-based products contamination and consequently lead to severe economic and health issues. AIM Our current study aimed to investigate the efficacy of using L. macroides Bac6 as a biological control agent against the toxigenic fungi; A. flavus f10 and F. proliferatum f30 and their mycotoxins. RESULTS The results illustrated that A. flavus f10 produced the aflatoxins AFB1 and AFG2 with concentrations of 21.239 and 13.593 ppb, respectively. While F. proliferatum f30 produced fumonisin B1 (9600 ppb). Furthermore, L. macroides showed a high potential for inhibition of toxigenic fungal growth using a dual culture method. F. proliferatum f30 and A. flavus f10 were found to be inhibited by a percentage of 80 and 62.5%, respectively. The results were confirmed using the scanning electron microscope. The antagonistic bacteria, L. macroides, showed chitinase productivity and activity of 26.45 U/L and 0.12 U/mL/min, respectively, which illustrates its potential application as a biocontrol agent. The GC-MS analysis revealed an abundance of Pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, Hexahydro in the bacterial supernatant that exhibited antifungal characteristics. L. macroides had a significant reduction of AFB1 and AFG2 produced by A. flavus f10, recording 99.25% and 99% inhibition, respectively. It also showed strong inhibition of fumonisin B1 (90% inhibition) produced by F. proliferatum f30. CONCLUSION Thus, the current study is a prospective study evaluating for the first time the potential impact of L. macroides Bac6 against the toxigenic fungi and their toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Lotfy E Mahmoud
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Ayat H A Mohamed Kilany
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
| | - Elhagag A Hassan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
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El-Sapagh S, El-Shenody R, Pereira L, Elshobary M. Unveiling the Potential of Algal Extracts as Promising Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: In Vitro and In Silico Studies including Molecular Docking. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3324. [PMID: 37765485 PMCID: PMC10537748 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a global challenge due to its virulence and biofilm-forming ability, leading to persistent infections. This study had a dual focus: first, it aimed to investigate the biofilm activity and antibiotic resistance profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from a fish-rearing farm. Second, it explored the potential of algal extracts as effective antibacterial and antibiofilm agents. The study analyzed 23 isolates of P. aeruginosa from the farm, assessing antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of two algal extracts, Arthrospira platensis (cyanobacteria) acetone extract (AAE) and Polysiphonia scopulorum (Rhodophyta) methanol extract (PME), were tested individually and combined (COE). The effects on biofilm-related gene expression were examined. AAE, PME, and COE were evaluated for antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. Biofilm-related gene expression was measured and the extracts were analyzed for physicochemical properties and toxicity. Most P. aeruginosa isolates (86.9%) were antibiotic-resistant and formed biofilms. AAE, PME, and COE displayed promising antibacterial and antibiofilm effects, with COE being particularly effective. COE reduced a key biofilm-related gene expression. The fatty acid content (56% in AAE and 34% in PME) correlated with the effects. Specific compounds, such as phytol, bromophenol, and dihydroxy benzaldehyde, contributed to the activities. The extracts showed favorable characteristics and interactions with FabZ protein amino acids. This study suggests the potential of algal extracts as antibacterial and antibiofilm agents against drug-resistant infections. Further exploration in clinical applications is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa El-Sapagh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (S.E.-S.); (R.E.-S.)
| | - Rania El-Shenody
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (S.E.-S.); (R.E.-S.)
| | - Leonel Pereira
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Mostafa Elshobary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; (S.E.-S.); (R.E.-S.)
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Cabezas-Mera FS, Atiencia-Carrera MB, Villacrés-Granda I, Proaño AA, Debut A, Vizuete K, Herrero-Bayo L, Gonzalez-Paramás AM, Giampieri F, Abreu-Naranjo R, Tejera E, Álvarez-Suarez JM, Machado A. Evaluation of the polyphenolic profile of native Ecuadorian stingless bee honeys ( Tribe: Meliponini) and their antibiofilm activity on susceptible and multidrug-resistant pathogens: An exploratory analysis. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 7:100543. [PMID: 37455680 PMCID: PMC10344713 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are associated with infections that are resistant to conventional therapies, contributing to the antimicrobial resistance crisis. The need for alternative approaches against biofilms is well-known. Although natural products like stingless bee honeys (tribe: Meliponini) constitute an alternative treatment, much is still unknown. Our main goal was to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of stingless bee honey samples against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens through biomass assays, fluorescence (cell count and viability), and scanning electron (structural composition) microscopy. We analyzed thirty-five honey samples at 15% (v/v) produced by ten different stingless bee species (Cephalotrigona sp., Melipona sp., M. cramptoni, M. fuscopilosa, M. grandis, M. indecisa, M. mimetica, M. nigrifacies, Scaptotrigona problanca, and Tetragonisca angustula) from five provinces of Ecuador (Tungurahua, Pastaza, El Oro, Los Ríos, and Loja) against 24-h biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis. The present honey set belonged to our previous study, where the samples were collected in 2018-2019 and their physicochemical parameters, chemical composition, mineral elements, and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) were screened. However, the polyphenolic profile and their antibiofilm activity on susceptible and multidrug-resistant pathogens were still unknown. According to polyphenolic profile of the honey samples, significant differences were observed according to their geographical origin in terms of the qualitative profiles. The five best honey samples (OR24.1, LR34, LO40, LO48, and LO53) belonging to S. problanca, Melipona sp., and M. indecisa were selected for further analysis due to their high biomass reduction values, identification of the stingless bee specimens, and previously reported physicochemical parameters. This subset of honey samples showed a range of 63-80% biofilm inhibition through biomass assays. Fluorescence microscopy (FM) analysis evidenced statistical log reduction in the cell count of honey-treated samples in all pathogens (P <0.05), except for S. aureus ATCC 25923. Concerning cell viability, C. tropicalis, K. pneumoniae ATCC 33495, and K. pneumoniae KPC significantly decreased (P <0.01) by 21.67, 25.69, and 45.62%, respectively. Finally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis demonstrated structural biofilm disruption through cell morphological parameters (such as area, size, and form). In relation to their polyphenolic profile, medioresinol was only found in the honey of Loja, while scopoletin, kaempferol, and quercetin were only identified in honey of Los Rios, and dihydrocaffeic and dihydroxyphenylacetic acids were only detected in honey of El Oro. All the five honey samples showed dihydrocoumaroylhexose, luteolin, and kaempferol rutinoside. To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first study to analyze stingless bees honey-treated biofilms of susceptible and/or MDR strains of S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and Candida species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Sebastián Cabezas-Mera
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Calle Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, 170901, Ecuador
| | - María Belén Atiencia-Carrera
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Calle Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, 170901, Ecuador
| | - Irina Villacrés-Granda
- Programa de Doctorado Interuniversitario en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agropecuarias Aplicadas, Grupo de Bioquimioinformática, Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA), De Los Colimes esq, Quito, 170513, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Adrian Alexander Proaño
- Laboratorios de Investigación, Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA), Vía a Nayón, Quito, 170124, Ecuador
| | - Alexis Debut
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, 171103, Ecuador
- Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Universidad de Las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, 171103, Ecuador
| | - Karla Vizuete
- Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Universidad de Las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, 171103, Ecuador
| | - Lorena Herrero-Bayo
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana M. Gonzalez-Paramás
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, C. Isabel Torres, 21, 39011, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Reinier Abreu-Naranjo
- Departamento de Ciencias de La Vida, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, 160150, Ecuador
| | - Eduardo Tejera
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agropecuarias Aplicadas, Grupo de Bioquimioinformática, Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA), De Los Colimes esq, Quito, 170513, Quito, Ecuador
| | - José M. Álvarez-Suarez
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Calle Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, 170901, Ecuador
| | - António Machado
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Calle Diego de Robles y Pampite, Quito, 170901, Ecuador
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Fabri JHTM, Rocha MC, Fernandes CM, Campanella JEM, da Cunha AF, Del Poeta M, Malavazi I. The Heat Shock Transcription Factor HsfA Plays a Role in Membrane Lipids Biosynthesis Connecting Thermotolerance and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism in Aspergillus fumigatus. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0162723. [PMID: 37195179 PMCID: PMC10269545 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01627-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermotolerance is a remarkable virulence attribute of Aspergillus fumigatus, but the consequences of heat shock (HS) to the cell membrane of this fungus are unknown, although this structure is one of the first to detect changes in ambient temperature that imposes on the cell a prompt adaptative response. Under high-temperature stress, fungi trigger the HS response controlled by heat shock transcription factors, such as HsfA, which regulates the expression of heat shock proteins. In yeast, smaller amounts of phospholipids with unsaturated fatty acid (FA) chains are synthesized in response to HS, directly affecting plasma membrane composition. The addition of double bonds in saturated FA is catalyzed by Δ9-fatty acid desaturases, whose expression is temperature-modulated. However, the relationship between HS and saturated/unsaturated FA balance in membrane lipids of A. fumigatus in response to HS has not been investigated. Here, we found that HsfA responds to plasma membrane stress and has a role in sphingolipid and phospholipid unsaturated biosynthesis. In addition, we studied the A. fumigatus Δ9-fatty acid desaturase sdeA and discovered that this gene is essential and required for unsaturated FA biosynthesis, although it did not directly affect the total levels of phospholipids and sphingolipids. sdeA depletion significantly sensitizes mature A. fumigatus biofilms to caspofungin. Also, we demonstrate that hsfA controls sdeA expression, while SdeA and Hsp90 physically interact. Our results suggest that HsfA is required for the adaptation of the fungal plasma membrane to HS and point out a sharp relationship between thermotolerance and FA metabolism in A. fumigatus. IMPORTANCE Aspergillus fumigatus causes invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, a life-threatening infection accounting for high mortality rates in immunocompromised patients. The ability of this organism to grow at elevated temperatures is long recognized as an essential attribute for this mold to cause disease. A. fumigatus responds to heat stress by activating heat shock transcription factors and chaperones to orchestrate cellular responses that protect the fungus against damage caused by heat. Concomitantly, the cell membrane must adapt to heat and maintain physical and chemical properties such as the balance between saturated/unsaturated fatty acids. However, how A. fumigatus connects these two physiological responses is unclear. Here, we explain that HsfA affects the synthesis of complex membrane lipids such as phospholipids and sphingolipids and controls the enzyme SdeA, which produces monounsaturated fatty acids, raw material for membrane lipids. These findings suggest that forced dysregulation of saturated/unsaturated fatty acid balance might represent novel strategies for antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Henrique Tadini Marilhano Fabri
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Campos Rocha
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Mota Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jonatas Erick Maimoni Campanella
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anderson Ferreira da Cunha
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurizio Del Poeta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Northport, New York, USA
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Anti-Biofilm Activity of Phenyllactic Acid against Clinical Isolates of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9030355. [PMID: 36983523 PMCID: PMC10054014 DOI: 10.3390/jof9030355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Commonly found colonizing the human microbiota, Candida albicans is a microorganism known for its ability to cause infections, mainly in the vulvovaginal region, and is responsible for 85% to 90% of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) cases. The development of drug resistance in C. albicans isolates after long-term therapy with fluconazole is an important complication to solve and new therapeutic strategies are required to target this organism and its pathogenicity. In the present study, phenyllactic acid (PLA) an important broad-spectrum antimicrobial compound was investigated for its antifungal and antivirulence activities against clinical isolates of C. albicans. Previously characterized strains of C. albicans isolates from women with VVC and C. albicans ATCC90028 were used to evaluate the antimicrobial and time dependent killing assay activity of PLA showing a MIC 7.5 mg mL−1 and a complete reduction of viable Candida cells detected by killing kinetics after 4 h of treatment with PLA. Additionally, PLA significantly reduced the biomass and the metabolic activity of C. albicans biofilms and impaired biofilm formation also with changes in ERG11, ALS3, and HWP1 genes expression as detected by qPCR. PLA eradicated pre-formed biofilms as showed also with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) observations. Furthermore, the compound prolonged the survival rate of Galleria mellonella infected by C. albicans isolates. These results indicate that PLA is a promising candidate as novel and safe antifungal agents for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.
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Kanchanapiboon J, Maiuthed A, Rukthong P, Thunyaharn S, Tuntoaw S, Poonsatha S, Santimaleeworagun W. Metabolomics profiling of culture medium reveals association of methionine and vitamin B metabolisms with virulent phenotypes of clinical bloodstream-isolated Candida albicans. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104009. [PMID: 36403754 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2022.104009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is a predominant species causing candidemia in hospitalized patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of culture medium metabolomic profiles with biofilm formation and invasion properties of clinical bloodstream-isolated C. albicans. A total of twelve isolates and two reference strains were identified by virulent phenotypes. Their susceptibility was determined by the microdilution method, following EUCAST guidelines. Biofilm formation was evaluated with metabolic activity, morphology and agglutinin-like sequence 3 (ALS3) mRNA expression. Invasion into the vascular endothelial EA.hy926 cells was determined by lactate dehydrogenase release and internalization assay. Their metabolomic profiles were assessed by high-resolution accurate-mass spectrometry (HRAMS). The results showed four different phenotypes of C. albicans: high-biofilm/invasive (50%), high-biofilm/non-invasive (7%), low-biofilm/invasive (36%) and low-biofilm/non-invasive (7%). The metabolomic profiles of the culture medium determined strong correlation of the virulent phenotypes and the alteration of metabolites in the methionine metabolism pathway, such as homocysteine, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and S-adenosylmethioninamine. Moreover, thiamine and biotin levels were significantly increased in Isolate03, representative of a high-biofilm/invasive phenotype. These results suggest that methionine and vitamin B metabolism pathways might be influenced by their virulent phenotypes and pathogenic traits. Therefore, their metabolism pathways might be a potential target for reducing virulence of C. albicans bloodstream infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamras Kanchanapiboon
- Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
| | - Arnatchai Maiuthed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Centre of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Pattarawit Rukthong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakornnayok 26120, Thailand; Center for Excellence in Plant and Herbal Innovation Research, Strategic Wisdom and Research Institute, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakornnayok 26120, Thailand.
| | - Sudaluck Thunyaharn
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Nakhonratchasima College, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
| | - Sasiwan Tuntoaw
- Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
| | - Subhadhcha Poonsatha
- Medicinal Plant Research Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
| | - Wichai Santimaleeworagun
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand.
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Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of multi-drug resistant, biofilm forming, human invasive strain of Salmonella Typhimurium SMC25 isolated from poultry meat in India. Microb Pathog 2022; 173:105830. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Al-Madboly LA, Abd El-Salam MA, Bastos JK, El-Shorbagy SH, El-Morsi RM. Novel Preclinical Study of Galloylquinic Acid Compounds from Copaifera lucens with Potent Antifungal Activity against Vaginal Candidiasis Induced in a Murine Model via Multitarget Modes of Action. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0272421. [PMID: 35972130 PMCID: PMC9603814 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02724-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaginal candidiasis is a medical condition characterized by the overgrowth of Candida spp. in the vaginal cavity with complex recurrent pathogenicity as well as tolerance to antifungal therapy and hence is awaiting more safe and effective treatments. This work aimed to assess the potential antifungal activity of galloylquinic acid compounds (GQAs) from Copaifera lucens leaves against vaginal Candida albicans. The antifungal susceptibility test was performed against 20 isolates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) C. albicans using agar diffusion and broth microdilution assays. The results showed that GQAs exhibited strong antagonistic activity against the test isolates, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 26 to 38 mm and low MICs (1 to 16 μg/mL) as well as minimum fungicidal concentrations (2 to 32 μg/mL). The MTT [3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] assay confirmed the safety of GQAs against the Vero cell line, showing a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 168.17 mg/mL. A marked difference in the growth pattern of the treated and untreated pathogens was also observed, where a concentration-dependent reduction in the growth rate occurred. Moreover, a pronounced fungicidal effect was demonstrated 6 h after treatment with 1× the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), as evidenced by time-kill assays, where the number of survivors was decreased a 6-fold. GQAs effectively inhibited and eradicated about 80% of C. albicans biofilm at 6 μg/mL and 32 μg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, GQAs disturbed the fungal membrane integrity, induced cell lysis, and reduced the virulence factors (proteinase and phospholipase) as well as the catalase activity. Moreover, the ergosterol content in the plasma membrane decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, the altered mitochondrial membrane potential was associated with an increased release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytosol, suggesting the initiation of early apoptosis in GQA-treated cells. Transcriptional analysis revealed that all test genes encoding virulence traits, including SAP1, PLB1, LIP1, HWP1, and ALS1, were markedly downregulated in GQA-treated cells compared to the control. The in vivo murine model of vaginal candidiasis further confirmed the therapeutic activity of GQAs (4 mg/kg of body weight) against C. albicans. This work comprehensively evaluated the antifungal, antivirulence, and antibiofilm activities of GQAs against C. albicans isolates using in vitro and in vivo models, providing molecular-level insights into the antifungal mechanism of action and experimental evidence that supports the potential use of GQAs for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. IMPORTANCE Our work presents a new perspective on the potential use of GQAs as safe and highly effective phytochemicals against MDR C. albicans. This microorganism colonizes the human vaginal epithelium, causing vaginal candidiasis, a condition characterized by recurrent pathogenicity and tolerance to traditional antifungal therapy. Based on the results of in vitro tests, our study reports GQAs antifungal modes of action. These compounds exhibited an anticandidal effect by deactivating the fungal hydrolytic enzymes, reducing ergosterol content in the plasma membrane, altering the potential of the mitochondrial membrane, and inducing apoptosis. Additionally, GQAs showed high activity in eradicating the biofilm formed by the fungus via the downregulation of HWP1, ALS, SAP, PLB, and LIP genes, which are constitutively expressed in the biofilm. In an in vivo murine model of vaginal candidiasis, GQAs further demonstrated strong evidence of their effectiveness as an antifungal therapy. In this regard, our findings provide novel insights into the potential therapeutic use of these phytoactive molecules for vaginal candidiasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamiaa A. Al-Madboly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Abd El-Salam
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine Barcelona, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Program in Research at VA West Roxbury, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jairo K. Bastos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rasha M. El-Morsi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
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Hrichi S, Chaâbane-Banaoues R, Alibrando F, Altemimi AB, Babba O, Majdoub YOE, Nasri H, Mondello L, Babba H, Mighri Z, Cacciola F. Chemical Composition, Antifungal and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Volatile Fractions of Convolvulus althaeoides L. Roots from Tunisia. Molecules 2022; 27:6834. [PMID: 36296427 PMCID: PMC9609869 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The antifungal drugs currently available and mostly used for the treatment of candidiasis exhibit the phenomena of toxicity and increasing resistance. In this context, plant materials might represent promising sources of antifungal agents. The aim of this study is to evaluate for the first time the chemical content of the volatile fractions (VFs) along with the antifungal and anti-biofilm of Convolvulus althaeoides L. roots. The chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector and mass spectrometry. In total, 73 and 86 chemical compounds were detected in the n-hexane (VF1) and chloroform (VF2) fractions, respectively. Analysis revealed the presence of four main compounds: n-hexadecenoic acid (29.77%), 4-vinyl guaiacol (12.2%), bis(2-ethylhexyl)-adipate (9.69%) and eicosane (3.98%) in the VF extracted by hexane (VF1). n-hexadecenoic acid (34.04%), benzyl alcohol (7.86%) and linoleic acid (7.30%) were the main compounds found in the VF extracted with chloroform (VF2). The antifungal minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the obtained fractions against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis were determined by the micro-dilution technique and values against Candida spp. ranged from 0.87 to 3.5 mg/mL. The biofilm inhibitory concentrations (IBF) and sustained inhibition (BSI) assays on C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis were also investigated. The VFs inhibited biofilm formation up to 0.87 mg/mL for C. albicans, up to 1.75 mg/mL against C. glabrata and up to 0.87 mg/mL against C. tropicalis. The obtained results highlighted the synergistic mechanism of the detected molecules in the prevention of candidosic biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Hrichi
- Laboratory of Physico-Chemistry of Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Raja Chaâbane-Banaoues
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology (LP3M), Department of Clinical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Filippo Alibrando
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Ammar B. Altemimi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Oussama Babba
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology (LP3M), Department of Clinical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Oulad El Majdoub
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Habib Nasri
- Laboratory of Physico-Chemistry of Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
- Department of Sciences and Technologies for Human and Environment, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Hamouda Babba
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology (LP3M), Department of Clinical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Zine Mighri
- Laboratory of Physico-Chemistry of Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
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Rashad YM, Abdalla SA, Shehata AS. Aspergillus flavus YRB2 from Thymelaea hirsuta (L.) Endl., a non-aflatoxigenic endophyte with ability to overexpress defense-related genes against Fusarium root rot of maize. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:229. [PMID: 36175855 PMCID: PMC9524039 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium root rot, caused by Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., represents one of the most damaging diseases of maize affecting plant growth and yield. In this study, the antagonistic potential of a non-aflatoxigenic endophytic Aspergillus flavus YRB2, isolated from Thymelaea hirsuta (L.) Endl., was tested against F. solani in vitro. In addition, its biocontrol activity against Fusarium root rot of maize was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Its impacts on plant molecular, pathological, physiological, and growth levels were also studied. Results obtained revealed a potent antagonistic behavior for A. flavus YRB2 against F. solani in vitro, recording 80% growth inhibition. Seventeen secondary metabolites were detected in the n-hexane extract of A. flavus YRB2 filtered culture broth using GC-MS analysis. Among them, various antifungal secondary metabolites were produced, namely palmitic acid, α-linolenic acid, stearic acid, 2, 4-di-tert-butylphenol, diisobutyl phthalate, and heneicosane. In contrast, HPLC analysis showed that no aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, and G2) were detected. Under greenhouse conditions, colonization of maize plants with A. flavus YRB2 exhibited a potential biocontrol activity against Fusarium root rot, recording 73.4% reduction in the disease severity. Triggering of transcriptional expression level of the defense-related genes JERF3 (7.2-fold), CHI II (8-fold), and POD (9.1-fold) was reported, indicating the inducing effect on the plant immunity. In addition, an increment in the antioxidant enzymes POD and PPO, and the total phenolic content in maize roots was also observed in response to this treatment. Moreover, a growth-promoting effect was also observed for colonization of maize plants with A. flavus YRB2. Based on the obtained data, we can conclude that A. flavus YRB2 may represent a promising biocontrol and growth-promoting agent for maize plants against Fusarium root rot. Nevertheless, field evaluation is highly requested before the use recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes M Rashad
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Egypt.
| | - Sara A Abdalla
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Shehata
- Environment and Natural Materials Research Institute (ENMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Egypt
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20
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New Strategy for Inducing Resistance against Bacterial Wilt Disease Using an Avirulent Strain of Ralstonia solanacearum. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091814. [PMID: 36144416 PMCID: PMC9504442 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the globally significant plant pathogens that infect a wide host range of economically important plants. A study was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis that an avirulent strain of R. solanacearum can act as a biocontrol mediator for managing potato bacterial wilt. Virulent R. solanacearum was isolated and identified (GenBank accession number; OP180100). The avirulent strain was obtained from the virulent strain through storage for 3 weeks until the development of deep red colonies. The virulent strain had higher lytic activity than the avirulent strain. Tubers' treatments by the avirulent strain of R. solanacearum, (supernatant, boiled supernatant, and dead cells) significantly reduced plant disease rating and increased the growth, physiological activities, and biomass of potato compared to the untreated, infected control. The major components detected by GC-MS in the supernatant revealed 10.86% palmitic acid (virulent), and 18.03% 1,3-dioxolane, 2,4,5-trimethyl- (avirulent), whereas the major component in the boiled supernatant was 2-hydroxy-gamma-butyrolactone in the virulent (21.17%) and avirulent (27.78%) strains. This is the first research that assessed the influence of boiled supernatant and dead cells of virulent and avirulent R.solanacearum strains in controlling bacterial wilt disease. Additional work is encouraged for further elucidation of such a topic.
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Oleic Acid and Palmitic Acid from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Lactobacillus johnsonii Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory and Antifungal Properties. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091803. [PMID: 36144406 PMCID: PMC9504516 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A decrease in populations of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Lactobacillus johnsonii is observed during the development of colitis and fungal overgrowth, while restoration of these populations reduces inflammatory parameters and fungal overgrowth in mice. This study investigated the effect of two fatty acids from B. thetaiotaomicron and L. johnsonii on macrophages and Caco-2 cells, as well as their impact on the inflammatory immune response and on Candida glabrata overgrowth in a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Oleic acid (OA) and palmitic acid (PA) from L. johnsonii and B. thetaiotaomicron were detected during their interaction with epithelial cells from colon samples. OA alone or OA combined with PA (FAs) reduced the expression of proinflammatory mediators in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells challenged with DSS. OA alone or FAs increased FFAR1, FFAR2, AMPK, and IL-10 expression in macrophages. Additionally, OA alone or FAs decreased COX-2, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-12 expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In the DSS murine model, oral administration of FAs reduced inflammatory parameters, decreased Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis populations, and eliminated C. glabrata from the gut. Overall, these findings provide evidence that OA combined with PA exhibits anti-inflammatory and antifungal properties.
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22
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Lipid-rich endo-metabolites from a vertically transmitted fungal endophyte Penicillium sp. PM031 attenuate virulence factors of phytopathogenic Ralstonia solanacearum. Microbiol Res 2022; 261:127058. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Matos P, Batista MT, Figueirinha A. A review of the ethnomedicinal uses, chemistry, and pharmacological properties of the genus Acanthus (Acanthaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115271. [PMID: 35430290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Acanthus genus belongs to the Acanthaceae family, and its species are distributed in all continents, mainly in tropical and subtropical regions. Several traditional applications are referred to, but few scientific studies validate them. Despite this, studies in animal models corroborate some of its uses in folk medicine, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive, which encourages the research on plants of this genus. AIM OF THE REVIEW To our knowledge, this document is the first comprehensive review study that provides information on the geographic distribution, botanical characteristics, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemicals, and pharmacological activities of some Acanthus species to understand the correlation between traditional uses, phytochemical, and pharmacological activities, providing perspectives for future studies. RESULTS In traditional medicine, Acanthus species are mainly used for diseases of respiratory, nervous and reproductive system, gastrointestinal and urinary tract, and skin illness. The most used species are A. montanus, A. ilicifolius, and A. ebracteatus. Chemical compounds (125) from different chemical classes were isolated and identified in seven species, mainly from A. ilicifolius, about 80, followed by A. ebracteatus and A. montanus, appearing with a slightly lower number with fewer phytochemical profile studies. Isolated phytoconstituents have been mainly alkaloids, phenylpropanoid glycosides, and phenylethanoids. In addition, aliphatic glycosides, flavonoids, lignan glycosides, megastigmane derivatives, triterpenoids, steroids, fatty acids, alcohols, hydroxybenzoic acids, simple phenols were also cited. Scientific studies from Acanthus species extracts and their phytoconstituents support their ethnomedical uses. Antimicrobial activity that is the most studied, followed by the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties, underlie many Acanthus species activities. A. dioscoridis, A. ebracteatus, A. hirsutus, A. ilicifolius, A. mollis, A. montanus, and A. polystachyus have studies on these activities, A. ilicifolius being the one with the most publications. Most studies were essentially performed in vitro. However, the anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties have been studied in vivo. CONCLUSION Acanthus species have remarkable phytoconstituents with different biological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, hepatoprotective, and leishmanicidal, supporting traditional uses of some species. However, many others remain unexplored. Future studies should focus on these species, especially pharmacological properties, toxicity, and action mechanisms. This review provides a comprehensive report on Acanthus genus plants, evidencing their therapeutic potential and prospects for discovering new safe and effective drugs from Acanthus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Matos
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, R. D. Manuel II, Apartado, 55142, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Batista
- Center for Pharmaceutical Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, CIEPQPF, FFUC, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, R. D. Manuel II, Apartado, 55142, Oporto, Portugal.
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24
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Prakash SMU, Kabir MA. Repurposing vilanterol as a novel potential antifungal for Candida albicans: In-silico & in-vitro approach. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2022.100137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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25
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Zhao Q, He L, Wang X, Ding X, Li L, Tian Y, Huang A. Characterization of a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Isolated from Moringa oleifera Seed Protein Hydrolysates and Its Membrane Damaging Effects on Staphylococcus aureus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6123-6133. [PMID: 35576531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study sought to identify and characterize a novel antimicrobial peptide, named MOp2 from Moringa oleifera seed protein hydrolysates, and elucidate its potential antimicrobial effects on Staphylococcus aureus. MOp2, with the amino acid sequence of His-Val-Leu-Asp-Thr-Pro-Leu-Leu (HVLDTPLL), was characterized as a hydrophobic anionic AMP of the β-sheet structure. MOp2 exhibited negligible hemolytic activity at 2.0× MIC, suggesting its inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus (MIC: 2.204 mM). It maintained more than 90% of antimicrobial activity under 5% salt and about 78% of antimicrobial activity at a high temperature of 115 °C for 30 min. Protease, especially acid protease, reduced its antimicrobial activity to different extents. Moreover, MOp2 caused irreversible membrane damage to S. aureus cells by increasing the membrane permeability, resulting in the release of intracellular nucleotide pools. Additionally, molecular docking revealed that MOp2 could inhibit S. aureus growth by interacting with dihydrofolate reductase and DNA gyrase through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Overall, MOp2 could be a potential novel antimicrobial agent against S. aureus in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Li He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuesong Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Lige Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Aixiang Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
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26
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Li J, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans Biofilm Inhibitors Produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CCFM8724. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:143. [PMID: 35325333 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02833-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CCFM8724 inhibits the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans in mixed-species biofilm formation. In this study, bioactive compound including cyclo (leu-pro), cyclo (phe-pro), and some organic acids, such as 3-phenyllactic acid, hydrocinnamic acid, and palmitic acid, were identified through GC-MS analysis. At 50 μg·mL-1, cyclo (leu-pro) reduced biofilm mass (OD600) from 3.00 to 2.00, and hydrocinnamic acid at 25 μg·mL-1 reduced biofilm mass (OD600) from 3.00 to 1.00. The expression of ALS3 and HWP1 was downregulated by cyclo (leu-pro). Furthermore, a mixture of cyclo (leu-pro), cyclo (phe-pro), 3-phenyllactic acid, hydrocinnamic acid, and palmitic acid, had anti-biofilm activity. Overall, the results provide promising baseline information for the potential use of this probiotic and its components in preventing biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China. .,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China. .,(Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, 225004, China.
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
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Emerging Antifungal Targets and Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052756. [PMID: 35269898 PMCID: PMC8911111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite abundant research in the field of antifungal drug discovery, fungal infections remain a significant healthcare burden. There is an emerging need for the development of novel antifungals since those currently available are limited and do not completely provide safe and secure protection. Since the current knowledge regarding the physiology of fungal cells and the infection mechanisms is greater than ever, we have the opportunity to use this for the development of novel generations of antifungals. In this review, we selected and summarized recent studies describing agents employing different antifungal mechanisms. These mechanisms include interference with fungal resistance, including impact on the efflux pumps and heat shock protein 90. Additionally, interference with virulence factors, such as biofilms and hyphae; the impact on fungal enzymes, metabolism, mitochondria, and cell wall; and antifungal vaccines are explored. The agents investigated belong to different classes of natural or synthetic molecules with significant attention given also to plant extracts. The efficacy of these antifungals has been studied mainly in vitro with some in vivo, and clinical studies are needed. Nevertheless, there is a large quantity of products employing novel antifungal mechanisms that can be further explored for the development of new generation of antifungals.
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Sinville RD, Alfs MG, Dimick Gray SM. Phytochemical Investigation of Pilea pumila (Clearweed), Laportea canadensis (Wood Nettle), and Boehmeria cylindrica (False Nettle): Three Members of the Urticaceae Family. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221080978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical analysis of 3 members of the Urticaceae family (eg Pilea pumila, Laportea canadensis, and Boehmeria cylindrica) was conducted using GC-MS. P pumila and L canadensis have several recorded historical medicinal uses by Native American tribes, whereas B cylindrica does not. This study was conducted to understand the historical uses in terms of chemical composition. Plant material, separated into aerial or root portions, was dried and extracted using either ethanol or heptane at room temperature. Sterols, fatty acids and esters, terpenes and terpenoids, saturated and monounsaturated hydrocarbons, small oxygen-functionalized organic molecules, and tocopherols were observed using these methods. Plant sterols composed 30.3% to 62.2% of the observed extracts, followed by fatty acids and esters ranging from 0% to 49% and terpenes and terpenoids ranging 4.56% to 33.9%. All 3 plants contained γ-sitosterol as the dominant plant sterol and palmitic, linoleic, and linolenic acids and esters. The 3 plants differed significantly in the observed terpene and terpenoid composition. Germacrene D-4-ol, known to have antifungal activity, was the major terpenoid identified in P pumila (7.42%-7.76%), phytol (4.13%), α-cadinene (3.96%), and cadina-1,4-diene (5.53%) were observed in L canadensis treatments, and squalene (2.20%-7.04%), phytol (4.17%), and cadina-1,4-diene (6.68%) were observed in B cylindrica treatments . Possible rationales for Native American medicinal uses were evaluated.
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Hosseini Bafghi M, Zarrinfar H, Darroudi M, Zargar M, Nazari R. Green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles and evaluate their effect on the expression of ERG3, ERG11, and FKS1 antifungal resistance genes in Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 74:809-819. [PMID: 35138666 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance in Candida species has been considerably increased in the last decades. Given the opposition to antifungal agents, toxicity, and interactions of the antimicrobial drugs, identifying new antifungal agents seems essential. This study assessed the antifungal effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on the standard strains of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata and determined the expression genes, including ERG3, ERG11, and FKS1. Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) were biosynthesized with a standard strain of C. albicans and approved by several methods including, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, XRD technique, FTIR analysis, FESEM microscopy, and EDX diagram. The antifungal susceptibility testing performed the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) using the CLSI M27-A3 and M27-S4 broth microdilution method. The expression of the desired genes was examined by the real-time PCR assay between untreated and treated by antifungal drugs and Se-NPs. The MICs of itraconazole, amphotericin B, and anidulafungin against C. albicans and C. glabrata were 64, 16, and 4 µg/ml. In comparison, reduced the MIC values for samples treated with Se-NPs to 1 and 0.5 µg/ml. The results obtained from real-time PCR and analysis of the ∆∆Cq values showed that the expression of ERG3, ERG11, and FKS1 genes was significantly down-regulated in Se-NPs concentrations (P<0.05). This study's evidence implies biosafety Se-NPs have favorable effects on the reducing expression of ERG3, ERG11, and FKS1 antifungal resistance genes in C. albicans and C. glabrata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Hosseini Bafghi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Hossein Zarrinfar
- Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Zargar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Razieh Nazari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
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Melgarejo P, Núñez-Gómez D, Martínez-Nicolás JJ, Giordani E, Tozzi F, Legua P. Fatty acids compositional variations between the edible and non-edible fruit part of seven pomegranate varieties. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2021; 3:100046. [PMID: 35415665 PMCID: PMC8991974 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2021.100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The biological importance of fatty acids in different metabolic routes and/or specific activities with medical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical interest makes it increasingly necessary to know in detail the lipid composition of foods. The objective of this work was to identify and characterize the fatty acids profile of seven pomegranate varieties with commercial interest, differentiating between its edible (seeds) and non-edible (peel plus carpellary membranes) parts, aiming to have a holistic and characteristic vision. The results confirmed the compositional fatty acids variations of the pomegranate, both between different varieties and the parts of the fruit. 29-101 variety presents a fatty acid profile with a higher potential for antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral properties. The content of punicic acid in the Kingdom variety makes it the most pomegranate varieties interesting for its nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, food and medical applications. The specific fatty acid content could define the best pomegranate variety depending on its potential use/application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Melgarejo
- Plant Production and Microbiology Department. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentario y Agroambiental (CIAGRO), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Ctra. Beniel kim 3.2. 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Dámaris Núñez-Gómez
- Plant Production and Microbiology Department. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentario y Agroambiental (CIAGRO), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Ctra. Beniel kim 3.2. 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan José Martínez-Nicolás
- Plant Production and Microbiology Department. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentario y Agroambiental (CIAGRO), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Ctra. Beniel kim 3.2. 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - Edgardo Giordani
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Tozzi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Pilar Legua
- Plant Production and Microbiology Department. Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentario y Agroambiental (CIAGRO), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Ctra. Beniel kim 3.2. 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
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Cepas V, Gutiérrez-Del-Río I, López Y, Redondo-Blanco S, Gabasa Y, Iglesias MJ, Soengas R, Fernández-Lorenzo A, López-Ibáñez S, Villar CJ, Martins CB, Ferreira JD, Assunção MFG, Santos LMA, Morais J, Castelo-Branco R, Reis MA, Vasconcelos V, López-Ortiz F, Lombó F, Soto SM. Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Strains as Producers of Lipids with Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19120675. [PMID: 34940674 PMCID: PMC8709229 DOI: 10.3390/md19120675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are one of the primary metabolites of microalgae and cyanobacteria, which enrich their utility in the pharmaceutical, feed, cosmetic, and chemistry sectors. This work describes the isolation, structural elucidation, and the antibiotic and antibiofilm activities of diverse lipids produced by different microalgae and cyanobacteria strains from two European collections (ACOI and LEGE-CC). Three microalgae strains and one cyanobacteria strain were selected for their antibacterial and/or antibiofilm activity after the screening of about 600 strains carried out under the NoMorFilm European project. The total organic extracts were firstly fractionated using solid phase extraction methods, and the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimal biofilm inhibitory concentration against an array of human pathogens were determined. The isolation was carried out by bioassay-guided HPLC-DAD purification, and the structure of the isolated molecules responsible for the observed activities was determined by HPLC-HRESIMS and NMR methods. Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, monogalactosylmonoacylglycerol, sulfoquinovosylmonoacylglycerol, α-linolenic acid, hexadeca-4,7,10,13-tetraenoic acid (HDTA), palmitoleic acid, and lysophosphatidylcholine were found among the different active sub-fractions selected. In conclusion, cyanobacteria and microalgae produce a great variety of lipids with antibiotic and antibiofilm activity against the most important pathogens causing severe infections in humans. The use of these lipids in clinical treatments alone or in combination with antibiotics may provide an alternative to the current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginio Cepas
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ignacio Gutiérrez-Del-Río
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (I.G.-D.-R.); (S.R.-B.); (A.F.-L.); (S.L.-I.); (C.J.V.); (F.L.)
- IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- ISPA (Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Yuly López
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Saúl Redondo-Blanco
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (I.G.-D.-R.); (S.R.-B.); (A.F.-L.); (S.L.-I.); (C.J.V.); (F.L.)
- IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- ISPA (Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Yaiza Gabasa
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - María José Iglesias
- Área de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.J.I.); (R.S.); (F.L.-O.)
| | - Raquel Soengas
- Área de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.J.I.); (R.S.); (F.L.-O.)
| | - Andrés Fernández-Lorenzo
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (I.G.-D.-R.); (S.R.-B.); (A.F.-L.); (S.L.-I.); (C.J.V.); (F.L.)
- IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- ISPA (Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sara López-Ibáñez
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (I.G.-D.-R.); (S.R.-B.); (A.F.-L.); (S.L.-I.); (C.J.V.); (F.L.)
- IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- ISPA (Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Claudio J. Villar
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (I.G.-D.-R.); (S.R.-B.); (A.F.-L.); (S.L.-I.); (C.J.V.); (F.L.)
- IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- ISPA (Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Clara B. Martins
- Coimbra Collection of Algae (ACOI), Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.B.M.); (J.D.F.); (M.F.G.A.); (L.M.A.S.)
- “Molecular Physical-Chemistry” R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana D. Ferreira
- Coimbra Collection of Algae (ACOI), Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.B.M.); (J.D.F.); (M.F.G.A.); (L.M.A.S.)
| | - Mariana F. G. Assunção
- Coimbra Collection of Algae (ACOI), Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.B.M.); (J.D.F.); (M.F.G.A.); (L.M.A.S.)
| | - Lília M. A. Santos
- Coimbra Collection of Algae (ACOI), Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.B.M.); (J.D.F.); (M.F.G.A.); (L.M.A.S.)
| | - João Morais
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (J.M.); (R.C.-B.); (M.A.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Raquel Castelo-Branco
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (J.M.); (R.C.-B.); (M.A.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Mariana A. Reis
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (J.M.); (R.C.-B.); (M.A.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (J.M.); (R.C.-B.); (M.A.R.); (V.V.)
- Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando López-Ortiz
- Área de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.J.I.); (R.S.); (F.L.-O.)
| | - Felipe Lombó
- Research Group BIONUC (Biotechnology of Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds), Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (I.G.-D.-R.); (S.R.-B.); (A.F.-L.); (S.L.-I.); (C.J.V.); (F.L.)
- IUOPA (Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- ISPA (Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias del Principado de Asturias), Principality of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sara M. Soto
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-932275400
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Chen Y, Zhou YD, Laborda P, Wang HL, Wang R, Chen X, Liu FQ, Yang DJ, Wang SY, Shi XC, Laborda P. Mode of action and efficacy of quinolinic acid for the control of Ceratocystis fimbriata on sweet potato. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4564-4571. [PMID: 34086397 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ceratocystis fimbriata is a hazardous fungal pathogen able to cause black rot disease on sweet potato. The management of C. fimbriata strongly relies on the use of toxic fungicides, and there is a lack of efficient alternative strategies. RESULTS The antifungal properties of quinolinic acid (QA) were studied for the first time, indicating that QA shows selective antifungal activity against C. fimbriata. QA inhibited completely the mycelial growth of C. fimbriata at less than 0.8 mg mL-1 concentration (pH 4), and was able to produce alterations in the fungal cell wall, and to impede spore agglutination and mycelium formation. QA significantly reduced the concentration of ergosterol, and was able to associate to iron (II), suggesting that QA may be a lanosterol 14-α demethylase inhibitor. In preventive applications, QA reduced the disease incidence of C. fimbriata on sweet potato by 75%, achieving higher control efficacy in comparison with commercial fungicides prochloraz and carbendazim. CONCLUSIONS The first selective antifungal agent against C. fimbriata was discovered in this work, and showed suitable antifungal properties for the management of black rot disease. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yi-Dong Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Pablo Laborda
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hai-Lin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng-Quan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Jing Yang
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai District, Sweet Potato Research Institute, Xuzhou, China
| | - Su-Yan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xin-Chi Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Pedro Laborda
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Dhananjayan N, Viswanathan K, Jeyaraj W, Ayyakannu A, Karuppasamy G. Antibiofilm and antimicrobial efficacy evaluation of polypyrrole nanotubes embedded in aminated gum acacia based nanocomposite. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 15:441-454. [PMID: 34694716 PMCID: PMC8675859 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The sustainable development of natural polysaccharide-based hybrid composites is highly important for the effective replacement of metal nanoparticles in diverse applications. Here, polypyrrole nanotubes (PPyNTs) were embedded on the surface of aminated gum acacia (AGA) to produce ecofriendly nanocomposites for biomedical applications. The morphology of a PPyNT-enhanced AGA (PPyNT@AGA) hybrid nanocomposite was studied by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy and their affirmed interactions were characterised by X-ray diffraction, Raman, Fourier transform-infrared and UV-visible spectroscopy. Interestingly, the prepared PPyNT@AGA nanocomposite exhibited 90% biofilm inhibition against gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae and fungal strain Candida albicans with promising antimicrobial performance. This study establishes the good inhibition of a PPyNT@AGA hybrid composite against various microorganisms. The stability of the nanocomposite coupled with antimicrobial activity enables an effective strategy for diagnosing and controlling pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathiya Dhananjayan
- Department of Bioelectronics and BiosensorsAlagappa UniversityKaraikudiIndia
| | | | - Wilson Jeyaraj
- Department of Bioelectronics and BiosensorsAlagappa UniversityKaraikudiIndia
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Scorzoni L, Fuchs BB, Junqueira JC, Mylonakis E. Current and promising pharmacotherapeutic options for candidiasis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:867-887. [PMID: 33538201 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1873951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Candida spp. are commensal yeasts capable of causing infections such as superficial, oral, vaginal, or systemic infections. Despite medical advances, the antifungal pharmacopeia remains limited and the development of alternative strategies is needed.Areas covered: We discuss available treatments for Candida spp. infections, highlighting advantages and limitations related to pharmacokinetics, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial resistance. Moreover, we present new perspectives to improve the activity of the available antifungals, discussing their immunomodulatory potential and advances on drug delivery carriers. New therapeutic approaches are presented including recent synthesized antifungal compounds (Enchochleated-Amphotericin B, tetrazoles, rezafungin, enfumafungin, manogepix and arylamidine); drug repurposing using a diversity of antibacterial, antiviral and non-antimicrobial drugs; combination therapies with different compounds or photodynamic therapy; and innovations based on nano-particulate delivery systems.Expert opinion: With the lack of novel drugs, the available assets must be leveraged to their best advantage through modifications that enhance delivery, efficacy, and solubility. However, these efforts are met with continuous challenges presented by microbes in their infinite plight to resist and survive therapeutic drugs. The pharmacotherapeutic options in development need to focus on new antimicrobial targets. The success of each antimicrobial agent brings strategic insights to the next phased approach in treatingCandida spp. infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Scorzoni
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University/UNESP, SP Brazil
| | - Beth Burgwyn Fuchs
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Juliana Campos Junqueira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University/UNESP, SP Brazil
| | - Eleftherios Mylonakis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
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Mukherjee S, Kundu I, Askari M, Barai RS, Venkatesh KV, Idicula-Thomas S. Exploring the druggable proteome of Candida species through comprehensive computational analysis. Genomics 2021; 113:728-739. [PMID: 33484798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida spp. are major cause of systemic mycoses. Antifungal drugs such as azoles and polyenes are not efficient to successfully eradicate Candida infection owing to their fungistatic nature or low bioavailability. Here, we have adopted a comprehensive computational workflow for identification, prioritization and validation of targets from proteomes of Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. The protocol involves identification of essential drug-target candidates using subtractive genomics, protein-protein interaction network properties and systems biology based methods. The essentiality of the novel metabolic and non-metabolic targets was established by performing in silico gene knockouts, under aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions, and in vitro drug inhibition assays respectively. Deletion of twelve genes that are involved in amino acid, secondary metabolite, and carbon metabolism showed zero growth in metabolic model under simulated conditions. The algorithm, used in this study, can be downloaded from http://pbit.bicnirrh.res.in/offline.php and executed locally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvechha Mukherjee
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Indra Kundu
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mehdi Askari
- Department of Bioinformatics, Guru Nanak Khalsa College, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ram Shankar Barai
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
| | - K V Venkatesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Susan Idicula-Thomas
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India.
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Prasath KG, Alexpandi R, Parasuraman R, Pavithra M, Ravi AV, Pandian SK. Anti-inflammatory potential of myristic acid and palmitic acid synergism against systemic candidiasis in Danio rerio (Zebrafish). Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:111043. [PMID: 33378951 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial Candida colonization causes Systemic candidiasis in human with invasive infections in immunocompromised patients. Of all Candida spp., C. albicans is dominant in morbidity of all systemic candidiasis but C. tropicalis is phenomenal in mortality, virulence aspects and resistance development against antifungal drugs. The present study investigated the synergistic anti-virulent activity of myristic acid (MA) and palmitic acid (PA) against insidious dimorphic Candida spp. (C. albicans and C. tropicalis). In vitro and qPCR results revealed the mechanisms of MA-PA combination effectively inhibiting various virulence aspects such as biofilm, hyphal formation, secreted aspartyl proteases, lipases, ergosterol biosynthesis and drug effluxes. Further, in Danio rerio (Zebrafish), the MA-PA treatment increased the survival of animals and also the treated groups showed decreased level of fungal burden compared to the infected controls, after 3rd day of post infection. Histopathology of vital organs and SEM analysis of skin revealed a drastic recovery and reduced the inflammation of both Candida spp. infections in MA-PA treated animals. In addition, MA-PA treatment reduced the haemolysin and increased the susceptibility of Candida spp. in human blood model. Hence, this study suggested the therapeutic utilization of MA-PA as synergistic combination for their anti-inflammatory potency against systemic candidiasis and candidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Ganesh Prasath
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajaiah Alexpandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rayar Parasuraman
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesan Pavithra
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arumugam Veera Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Selvaraj A, Valliammai A, Muthuramalingam P, Priya A, Suba M, Ramesh M, Karutha Pandian S. Carvacrol Targets SarA and CrtM of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus to Mitigate Biofilm Formation and Staphyloxanthin Synthesis: An In Vitro and In Vivo Approach. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:31100-31114. [PMID: 33324819 PMCID: PMC7726784 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Carvacrol is an essential oil traditionally used in culinary processes as spice due to its aromatic nature and also known for various biological activities. In the present study, the antivirulence efficacy of carvacrol against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is explored. MRSA is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing various superficial and systemic infections in humans. Biofilm formation and virulence factors of MRSA are responsible for its pathogenesis and resistance. Hence, the aim of this study was to explore the antibiofilm and antivirulence efficacy of carvacrol against MRSA. Carvacrol at 75 μg/mL inhibited MRSA biofilm by 93%, and it also decreased the biofilm formation on polystyrene and glass surfaces. Further, microscopic analyses revealed the reduction in microcolony formation and collapsed structure of biofilm upon carvacrol treatment. The growth curve analysis and the Alamar blue assay showed the nonfatal effect of carvacrol on MRSA. Further, carvacrol significantly reduced the production of MRSA biofilm-associated slime and extracellular polysaccharide. In addition, carvacrol strongly inhibited the antioxidant pigment staphyloxanthin and its intermediates' synthesis in MRSA. Inhibition of biofilm and staphyloxanthin by carvacrol enhanced the susceptibility of MRSA to oxidants and healthy human blood. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis unveiled the downregulation of sarA-mediated biofilm gene expression and staphyloxanthin-associated crtM gene expression. The sarA-dependent antibiofilm potential of carvacrol was validated using S. aureus Newman wild-type and isogenic ΔsarA strains. In silico molecular docking analysis showed the high binding efficacy of carvacrol with staphylococcal accessory regulator A (SarA) and 4,4'-diapophytoene synthase (CrtM) when compared to positive controls. Furthermore, the in vivo efficacy of carvacrol against MRSA infection was demonstrated using the model organism Galleria mellonella. The results revealed the nontoxic nature of carvacrol to the larvae and the rescuing potential of carvacrol against MRSA infection. Finally, the current study reveals the potential of carvacrol in inhibiting the biofilm formation and staphyloxanthin synthesis of MRSA by targeting the global regulator SarA and a novel antivirulence target CrtM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthonymuthu Selvaraj
- Department
of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alaguvel Valliammai
- Department
of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pandiyan Muthuramalingam
- Department
of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department
of Systems Biology, Science Research Centre, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Arumugam Priya
- Department
of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manokaran Suba
- Department
of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikandan Ramesh
- Department
of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ganeshkumar A, Suvaithenamudhan S, Rajaram R. In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of Ascorbic Acid Towards Lanosterol 14-α-Demethylase Enzyme of Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans. Curr Microbiol 2020; 78:292-302. [PMID: 33170381 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02269-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the major concerns and the biggest threats to the world population. The incidents of antibiotic resistance in Candida spp. were frequently recorded. In the present investigation, antifungal potential of ascorbic acid (AA) was evaluated. According to the in vitro analysis, the zone of inhibition of AA (24.75 ± 0.35 mm) against C. albicans was greater as compared to other vitamins tested. AA significantly modulate the growth of C. albicans at 25 mg/ml. The highest percentage (94.67%) of cell viability was observed in untreated cells, and low cell viability (29.36%) was observed in cells treated with 50 mg/ml of AA (2 × MIC). Further, AO/EB (acridine orange/ethidium bromide), propidium iodide staining, and real-time qPCR confirmed the loss of membrane integrity due to membrane lesions that caused cell death. Lanosterol 14-α-demethylase (L-14α-DM) is the product of ERG11 and acted as superior drug target of C. albicans. Molecular docking analysis confirmed that active interaction of ascorbic acid with L-14α-DM. Based on the present investigation, the efficiency of AA was effectively proved through the in vitro and in silico analysis. This finding has evidenced the effectiveness of AA as a potential candidate against C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Ganeshkumar
- DNA Barcoding and Marine Genomics Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Suvaiyarasan Suvaithenamudhan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Rajendran Rajaram
- DNA Barcoding and Marine Genomics Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India.
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