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Huynh DT, Nolfi E, Medfai L, van Ulsen P, Jong WSP, Sijts AJAM, Luirink J. Intranasal delivery of Salmonella OMVs decorated with Chlamydia trachomatis antigens induces specific local and systemic immune responses. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2330768. [PMID: 38517203 PMCID: PMC10962599 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2330768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen responsible for the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted disease globally. The high prevalence of chlamydial infections underscores the urgent need for licensed and effective vaccines to prevent transmission in populations. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have emerged as promising mucosal vaccine carriers due to their inherent adjuvant properties and the ability to display heterologous antigens. In this proof-of-concept study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of Salmonella OMVs decorated with C. trachomatis MOMP-derived CTH522 or HtrA antigens in mice. Following a prime-boost intranasal vaccination approach, two OMV-based C. trachomatis vaccines elicited significant humoral responses specific to the antigens in both systemic and vaginal compartments. Furthermore, we demonstrated strong antigen-specific IFN-γ and IL17a responses in splenocytes and cervical lymph node cells of vaccinated mice, indicating CD4+ Th1 and Th17 biased immune responses. Notably, the OMV-CTH522 vaccine also induced the production of spleen-derived CD8+ T cells expressing IFN-γ. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of OMV-based C. trachomatis vaccines for successful use in future challenge studies and demonstrate the suitability of our modular OMV platform for intranasal vaccine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung T. Huynh
- R&D department, Abera Bioscience AB, Uppsala, Sweden
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emanuele Nolfi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lobna Medfai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van Ulsen
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alice J. A. M. Sijts
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joen Luirink
- R&D department, Abera Bioscience AB, Uppsala, Sweden
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Liu Q, Shang Y, Shen L, Yu X, Cao Y, Zeng L, Zhang H, Rao Z, Li Y, Tao Z, Liu Z, Huang X. Outer membrane vesicles from genetically engineered Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium presenting Helicobacter pylori antigens UreB and CagA induce protection against Helicobacter pylori infection in mice. Virulence 2024; 15:2367783. [PMID: 38937901 PMCID: PMC11216100 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2367783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori causes globally prevalent infections that are highly related to chronic gastritis and even development of gastric carcinomas. With the increase of antibiotic resistance, scientists have begun to search for better vaccine design strategies to eradicate H. pylori colonization. However, while current strategies prefer to formulate vaccines with a single H. pylori antigen, their potential has not yet been fully realized. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are a potential platform since they could deliver multiple antigens. In this study, we engineered three crucial H. pylori antigen proteins (UreB, CagA, and VacA) onto the surface of OMVs derived from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) mutant strains using the hemoglobin protease (Hbp) autotransporter system. In various knockout strategies, we found that OMVs isolated from the ΔrfbP ΔfliC ΔfljB ΔompA mutants could cause distinct increases in immunoglobulin G (IgG) and A (IgA) levels and effectively trigger T helper 1- and 17-biased cellular immune responses, which perform a vital role in protecting against H. pylori. Next, OMVs derived from ΔrfbP ΔfliC ΔfljB ΔompA mutants were used as a vector to deliver different combinations of H. pylori antigens. The antibody and cytokine levels and challenge experiments in mice model indicated that co-delivering UreB and CagA could protect against H. pylori and antigen-specific T cell responses. In summary, OMVs derived from the S. Typhimurium ΔrfbP ΔfliC ΔfljB ΔompA mutant strain as the vector while importing H. pylori UreB and CagA as antigenic proteins using the Hbp autotransporter system would greatly benefit controlling H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Yinpan Shang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Lu Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Yanli Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Hanchi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zirong Rao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ziwei Tao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Zhili Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaotian Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University
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3
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Guo J, Lin K, Wang S, He X, Huang Z, Zheng M. Effects and mechanisms of Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles induced cardiovascular injury. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:112. [PMID: 38243239 PMCID: PMC10799447 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) have long been acknowledged for their crucial role in the initiation of periodontitis. However, the implications of P. gingivalis OMVs in the context of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to clarify both the impact and the underlying mechanisms through which P. gingivalis OMVs contribute to the propagation of distal cardiovascular inflammation and trauma. METHODS In this study, various concentrations (0, 1.25, 2.5, and 4.5 µg/µL) of P. gingivalis OMVs were microinjected into the common cardinal vein of zebrafish larvae at 48 h post-fertilization (hpf) to assess changes in cardiovascular injury and inflammatory response. Zebrafish larvae from both the PBS and the 2.5 µg/µL injection cohorts were harvested at 30 h post-injection (hpi) for transcriptional analysis. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was employed to evaluate relative gene expression. RESULTS These findings demonstrated that P. gingivalis OMVs induced pericardial enlargement in zebrafish larvae, caused vascular damage, increased neutrophil counts, and activated inflammatory pathways. Transcriptomic analysis further revealed the involvement of the immune response and the extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction signaling pathway in this process. CONCLUSION This study illuminated potential mechanisms through which P. gingivalis OMVs contribute to CVD. It accentuated their involvement in distal cardiovascular inflammation and emphasizes the need for further research to comprehensively grasp the connection between periodontitis and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Kaijin Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Xiaozhen He
- Institute of Life Sciences, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Minqian Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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4
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Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spontaneously released by many gram-negative bacteria during their growth and constitute an important virulence factor for bacteria, helping them to survive through harsh environmental conditions. Native OMVs, naturally-released from bacteria, are produced at a level too low for vaccine manufacturing, requiring chemical treatment (detergent-extracted) or genetic manipulation, resulting in generalized modules for membrane antigens (GMMAs). Over the years, the nature and properties of OMVs have made them a viable platform for vaccine development. There are a few licensed OMV vaccines mainly for the prevention of meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MenB) and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). There are several candidates in clinical development against other gram-negative organisms from which the OMVs are derived, but also against heterologous targets in which the OMVs are used as carriers (e.g. coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]). The use of OMVs for targets other than those from which they are derived is a major advancement in OMV technology, improving its versatility by being able to deliver protein or polysaccharide antigens. Other advances include the range of genetic modifications that can be made to improve their safety, reduce reactogenicity, and increase immunogenicity and protective efficacy. However, significant challenges remain, such as identification of general tools for high-content surface expression of heterologous proteins on the OMV surface. Here, we outline the progress of OMV vaccines to date, particularly discussing licensed OMV-based vaccines and candidates in clinical development. Recent trends in preclinical research are described, mainly focused on genetic manipulation and chemical conjugation for the use of OMVs as carriers for heterologous protein and polysaccharide antigens. Remaining challenges with the use of OMVs and directions for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Micoli
- GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health (GVGH) S.r.l., Siena, Italy.
| | | | - Usman Nakakana
- GSK Vaccines Institute for Global Health (GVGH) S.r.l., Siena, Italy
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Sadeghi L, Mohit E, Moallemi S, Ahmadi FM, Bolhassani A. Recent advances in various bio-applications of bacteria-derived outer membrane vesicles. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106440. [PMID: 37931826 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical nanoparticles released from gram-negative bacteria. OMVs were originally classified into native 'nOMVs' (produced naturally from budding of bacteria) and non-native (produced by mechanical means). nOMVs and detergent (dOMVs) are isolated from cell supernatant without any detergent cell disruption techniques and through detergent extraction, respectively. Growth stages and conditions e.g. different stress factors, including temperature, nutrition deficiency, and exposure to hazardous chemical agents can affect the yield of OMVs production and OMVs content. Because of the presence of bacterial antigens, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), various proteins and the vesicle structure, OMVs have been developed in many biomedical applications. OMVs due to their size can be phagocytized by APCs, enter lymph vessels, transport antigens efficiently, and induce both T and B cells immune responses. Non-engineered OMVs have been frequently used as vaccines against different bacterial and viral infections, and various cancers. OMVs can also be used in combination with different antigens as an attractive vaccine adjuvant. Indeed, foreign antigens from target microorganisms can be trapped in the lumen of nonpathogenic vesicles or can be displayed on the surface through bacterial membrane protein to increase the immunogenicity of the antigens. In this review, different factors affecting OMV production including time of cultivation, growth media, stress conditions and genetic manipulations to enhance vesiculation will be described. Furthermore, recent advances in various biological applications of OMVs such as vaccine, drug delivery, cancer therapy, and enzyme carrier are discussed. Generally, the application of OMVs as vaccine carrier in three categories (i.e., non-engineered OMVs, OMVs as an adjuvant, recombinant OMVs (rOMVs)), as delivery system for small interfering RNA and therapeutic agents, and as enzymes carrier will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Sadeghi
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Mohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Moallemi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Szöllősi D, Hajdrik P, Tordai H, Horváth I, Veres DS, Gillich B, Shailaja KD, Smeller L, Bergmann R, Bachmann M, Mihály J, Gaál A, Jezsó B, Barátki B, Kövesdi D, Bősze S, Szabó I, Felföldi T, Oszwald E, Padmanabhan P, Gulyás BZ, Hamdani N, Máthé D, Varga Z, Szigeti K. Molecular imaging of bacterial outer membrane vesicles based on bacterial surface display. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18752. [PMID: 37907509 PMCID: PMC10618197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The important roles of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in various diseases and their emergence as a promising platform for vaccine development and targeted drug delivery necessitates the development of imaging techniques suitable for quantifying their biodistribution with high precision. To address this requirement, we aimed to develop an OMV specific radiolabeling technique for positron emission tomography (PET). A novel bacterial strain (E. coli BL21(DE3) ΔnlpI, ΔlpxM) was created for efficient OMV production, and OMVs were characterized using various methods. SpyCatcher was anchored to the OMV outer membrane using autotransporter-based surface display systems. Synthetic SpyTag-NODAGA conjugates were tested for OMV surface binding and 64Cu labeling efficiency. The final labeling protocol shows a radiochemical purity of 100% with a ~ 29% radiolabeling efficiency and excellent serum stability. The in vivo biodistribution of OMVs labeled with 64Cu was determined in mice using PET/MRI imaging which revealed that the biodistribution of radiolabeled OMVs in mice is characteristic of previously reported data with the highest organ uptakes corresponding to the liver and spleen 3, 6, and 12 h following intravenous administration. This novel method can serve as a basis for a general OMV radiolabeling scheme and could be used in vaccine- and drug-carrier development based on bioengineered OMVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Polett Hajdrik
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Hedvig Tordai
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Horváth
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Dániel S Veres
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Gillich
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Kanni Das Shailaja
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - László Smeller
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 400 Bautzner Landstraße, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 400 Bautzner Landstraße, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Judith Mihály
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Anikó Gaál
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Bálint Jezsó
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology and Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Balázs Barátki
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Kövesdi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös L. Research Network, Eötvös L. University, 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös L. Research Network, Eötvös L. University, 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, 29 Karolina Road, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Oszwald
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, 58 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 30823, Singapore
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - Balázs Zoltán Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 30823, Singapore
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- HCEMM-Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Budapest, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Domokos Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- CROmed Translational Research Centers, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- In Vivo Imaging Advanced Core Facility, Hungarian Center of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Szigeti
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
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Thakur M, Dean SN, Caruana JC, Walper SA, Ellis GA. Bacterial Membrane Vesicles for In Vitro Catalysis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1099. [PMID: 37760201 PMCID: PMC10525882 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of biological systems in manufacturing and medical applications has seen a dramatic rise in recent years as scientists and engineers have gained a greater understanding of both the strengths and limitations of biological systems. Biomanufacturing, or the use of biology for the production of biomolecules, chemical precursors, and others, is one particular area on the rise as enzymatic systems have been shown to be highly advantageous in limiting the need for harsh chemical processes and the formation of toxic products. Unfortunately, biological production of some products can be limited due to their toxic nature or reduced reaction efficiency due to competing metabolic pathways. In nature, microbes often secrete enzymes directly into the environment or encapsulate them within membrane vesicles to allow catalysis to occur outside the cell for the purpose of environmental conditioning, nutrient acquisition, or community interactions. Of particular interest to biotechnology applications, researchers have shown that membrane vesicle encapsulation often confers improved stability, solvent tolerance, and other benefits that are highly conducive to industrial manufacturing practices. While still an emerging field, this review will provide an introduction to biocatalysis and bacterial membrane vesicles, highlight the use of vesicles in catalytic processes in nature, describe successes of engineering vesicle/enzyme systems for biocatalysis, and end with a perspective on future directions, using selected examples to illustrate these systems' potential as an enabling tool for biotechnology and biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Thakur
- College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Scott N. Dean
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Julie C. Caruana
- American Society for Engineering Education, Washington, DC 20036, USA
| | - Scott A. Walper
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Gregory A. Ellis
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
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8
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Firth J, Sun J, George V, Huang JD, Bajaj-Elliott M, Gustafsson K. Bacterial outer-membrane vesicles promote Vγ9Vδ2 T cell oncolytic activity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1198996. [PMID: 37529036 PMCID: PMC10388717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1198996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence suggests the immune activation elicited by bacterial outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) can initiate a potent anti-tumor immunity, facilitating the recognition and destruction of malignant cells. At present the pathways underlying this response remain poorly understood, though a role for innate-like cells such as γδ T cells has been suggested. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors were co-cultured with E. coli MG1655 Δpal ΔlpxM OMVs and corresponding immune activation studied by cell marker expression and cytokine production. OMV-activated γδ T cells were co-cultured with cancer cell lines to determine cytotoxicity. Results The vesicles induced a broad inflammatory response with γδ T cells observed as the predominant cell type to proliferate post-OMV challenge. Notably, the majority of γδ T cells were of the Vγ9Vδ2 type, known to respond to both bacterial metabolites and stress markers present on tumor cells. We observed robust cytolytic activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells against both breast and leukaemia cell lines (SkBr3 and Nalm6 respectively) after OMV-mediated expansion. Conclusions Our findings identify for the first time, that OMV-challenge stimulates the expansion of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells which subsequently present anti-tumor capabilities. We propose that OMV-mediated immune activation leverages the anti-microbial/anti-tumor capacity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, an axis amenable for improved future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Firth
- Department of Biochemical Engineering University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Vaques George
- Department of Biochemical Engineering University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mona Bajaj-Elliott
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Kenth Gustafsson
- Department of Biochemical Engineering University College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Sun J, Lin X, He Y, Zhang B, Zhou N, Huang JD. A bacterial outer membrane vesicle-based click vaccine elicits potent immune response against Staphylococcus aureus in mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1088501. [PMID: 36742310 PMCID: PMC9892643 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1088501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus infection is a severe public health concern with the growing number of multidrug-resistant strains. S. aureus can circumvent the defense mechanisms of host immunity with the aid of multiple virulence factors. An efficacious multicomponent vaccine targeting diverse immune evasion strategies developed by S. aureus is thus crucial for its infection control. In this study, we exploited the SpyCatcher-SpyTag system to engineer bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) for the development of a multitargeting S. aureus click vaccine. We decorated OMVs with surface exposed SpyCatcher via a truncated OmpA(a.a 1-155)-SpyCatcher fusion. The engineered OMVs can flexibly bind with various SpyTag-fused S. aureus antigens to generate an OMV-based click vaccine. Compared with antigens mixed with alum adjuvant, the click vaccine simultaneously induced more potent antigen-specific humoral and Th1-based cellular immune response, which afforded protection against S. aureus Newman lethal challenge in a mouse model. Our study provided a flexible and versatile click vaccine strategy with the potential for fighting against emerging S. aureus clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuansheng Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yige He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Yañez A, Garduño RA, Contreras-Rodríguez A. Editorial: What is known and what remains to be discovered about bacterial outer membrane vesicles, volume II. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:929696. [PMID: 36262321 PMCID: PMC9574390 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.929696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Yañez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile (INCAR), Valdivia, Chile
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepción, Chile
| | - Rafael A. Garduño
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Araceli Contreras-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Araceli Contreras-Rodríguez ;
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11
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Clarke KR, Hor L, Pilapitiya A, Luirink J, Paxman JJ, Heras B. Phylogenetic Classification and Functional Review of Autotransporters. Front Immunol 2022; 13:921272. [PMID: 35860281 PMCID: PMC9289746 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.921272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autotransporters are the core component of a molecular nano-machine that delivers cargo proteins across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Part of the type V secretion system, this large family of proteins play a central role in controlling bacterial interactions with their environment by promoting adhesion to surfaces, biofilm formation, host colonization and invasion as well as cytotoxicity and immunomodulation. As such, autotransporters are key facilitators of fitness and pathogenesis and enable co-operation or competition with other bacteria. Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of autotransporter sequences reported and a steady rise in functional studies, which further link these proteins to multiple virulence phenotypes. In this review we provide an overview of our current knowledge on classical autotransporter proteins, the archetype of this protein superfamily. We also carry out a phylogenetic analysis of their functional domains and present a new classification system for this exquisitely diverse group of bacterial proteins. The sixteen phylogenetic divisions identified establish sensible relationships between well characterized autotransporters and inform structural and functional predictions of uncharacterized proteins, which may guide future research aimed at addressing multiple unanswered aspects in this group of therapeutically important bacterial factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin R. Clarke
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lilian Hor
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Akila Pilapitiya
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joen Luirink
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jason J. Paxman
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Begoña Heras, ; Jason J. Paxman,
| | - Begoña Heras
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Begoña Heras, ; Jason J. Paxman,
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12
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Long Q, Zheng P, Zheng X, Li W, Hua L, Yang Z, Huang W, Ma Y. Engineered bacterial membrane vesicles are promising carriers for vaccine design and tumor immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114321. [PMID: 35533789 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) have emerged as novel and promising platforms for the development of vaccines and immunotherapeutic strategies against infectious and noninfectious diseases. The rich microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and nanoscale membrane vesicle structure of BMVs make them highly immunogenic. In addition, BMVs can be endowed with more functions via genetic and chemical modifications. This article reviews the immunological characteristics and effects of BMVs, techniques for BMV production and modification, and the applications of BMVs as vaccines or vaccine carriers. In summary, given their versatile characteristics and immunomodulatory properties, BMVs can be used for clinical vaccine or immunotherapy applications.
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13
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Gao J, Su Y, Wang Z. Engineering bacterial membrane nanovesicles for improved therapies in infectious diseases and cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114340. [PMID: 35569561 PMCID: PMC9899072 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Research on bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) is an emerging topic, and the goal is to address whether BMVs can bring translational tools to improve current therapies. In this review, we provided the updated studies on BMVs including their production, their types, and therapeutic regimens for treating infectious diseases and cancers. We described several platforms of BMVs, such as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), inner membrane vesicles (IMVs) and double membrane vesicles (DMVs), and those structures were produced from Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria. We also discussed how to engineer and formulate new and novel BMVs using chemical, physical, and genetic methods. For therapies, we analyzed current methods for loading drugs in BMVs and discussed their limitations. Finally, we reviewed several therapeutic platforms of BMVs that have been exploited in improving the treatments of infectious diseases and cancers. Although BMVs offer the promising biomedical applications, it is needed to develop rigorous approaches and methods to generate reproducible and scalable drug delivery systems for translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhenjia Wang
- Corresponding author at: 205 East Spokane Falls BLVD, Spokane, WA 99202, United States of America. (Z. Wang)
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14
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Huang W, Meng L, Chen Y, Dong Z, Peng Q. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles as potential biological nanomaterials for antibacterial therapy. Acta Biomater 2022; 140:102-115. [PMID: 34896632 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic therapy is one of the most important approaches against bacterial infections. However, the improper use of antibiotics and the emergence of drug resistance have compromised the efficacy of traditional antibiotic therapy. In this regard, it is of great importance and significance to develop more potent antimicrobial therapies, including the development of functionalized antibiotics delivery systems and antibiotics-independent antimicrobial agents. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), secreted by Gram-negative bacteria and with similar structure to cell-derived exosomes, are natural functional nanomaterials and known to play important roles in many bacterial life events, such as communication, biofilm formation and pathogenesis. Recently, more and more reports have demonstrated the use of OMVs as either active antibacterial agents or antibiotics delivery carriers, implying the great potentials of OMVs in antibacterial therapy. Herein, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of OMV and its antibacterial applications, including its biogenesis, biofunctions, isolation, purification and its potentials in killing bacteria, delivering antibiotics and developing vaccine or immunoadjuvants. In addition, the concerns in clinical use of OMVs and the possible solutions are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has led to the failure of traditional antibiotic therapy, and thus become a big threat to human beings. In this regard, developing more potent antibacterial approaches is of great importance and significance. Recently, bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which are natural functional nanomaterials secreted by Gram-negative bacteria, have been used as active agents, drug carriers and vaccine adjuvant for antibacterial therapy. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of OMVs and summarizes the recent progress of OMVs in antibacterial applications. The concerns of OMVs in clinical use and the possible solutions are also discussed. As such, this review may guide the future works in antibacterial OMVs and appeal to both scientists and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lingxi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zaiquan Dong
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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15
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Huang Y, Nieh MP, Chen W, Lei Y. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) enabled bio-applications: A critical review. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:34-47. [PMID: 34698385 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanoscale spherical vesicles released from Gram-negative bacteria. The lipid bilayer membrane structure of OMVs consists of similar components as bacterial membrane and thus has attracted more and more attention in exploiting OMVs' bio-applications. Although the endotoxic lipopolysaccharide on natural OMVs may impose potential limits on their clinical applications, genetic modification can reduce their endotoxicity and decorate OMVs with multiple functional proteins. These genetically engineered OMVs have been employed in various fields including vaccination, drug delivery, cancer therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, and enzyme carrier. This review will first briefly introduce the background of OMVs followed by recent advances in functionalization and various applications of engineered OMVs with an emphasis on the working principles and their performance, and then discuss about the future trends of OMVs in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mu-Ping Nieh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wilfred Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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16
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Qiao L, Rao Y, Zhu K, Rao X, Zhou R. Engineered Remolding and Application of Bacterial Membrane Vesicles. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:729369. [PMID: 34690971 PMCID: PMC8532528 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.729369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are produced by both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria during growth in vitro and in vivo. MVs are nanoscale vesicular structures with diameters ranging from 20 to 400 nm. MVs incorporate bacterial lipids, proteins, and often nucleic acids, and can effectively stimulate host immune response against bacterial infections. As vaccine candidates and drug delivery systems, MVs possess high biosafety owing to the lack of self-replication ability. However, wild-type bacterial strains have poor MV yield, and MVs from the wild-type strains may be harmful due to the carriage of toxic components, such as lipopolysaccharides, hemolysins, enzymes, etc. In this review, we summarize the genetic modification of vesicle-producing bacteria to reduce MV toxicity, enhance vesicle immunogenicity, and increase vesicle production. The engineered MVs exhibit broad applications in vaccine designs, vaccine delivery vesicles, and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiao
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yifan Rao
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Keting Zhu
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiancai Rao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Renjie Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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17
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Di Benedetto R, Alfini R, Carducci M, Aruta MG, Lanzilao L, Acquaviva A, Palmieri E, Giannelli C, Necchi F, Saul A, Micoli F. Novel Simple Conjugation Chemistries for Decoration of GMMA with Heterologous Antigens. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910180. [PMID: 34638530 PMCID: PMC8508390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMV) constitute a promising platform for the development of efficient vaccines. OMV can be decorated with heterologous antigens (proteins or polysaccharides), becoming attractive novel carriers for the development of multicomponent vaccines. Chemical conjugation represents a tool for linking antigens, also from phylogenetically distant pathogens, to OMV. Here we develop two simple and widely applicable conjugation chemistries targeting proteins or lipopolysaccharides on the surface of Generalized Modules for Membrane Antigens (GMMA), OMV spontaneously released from Gram-negative bacteria mutated to increase vesicle yield and reduce potential reactogenicity. A Design of Experiment approach was used to identify optimal conditions for GMMA activation before conjugation, resulting in consistent processes and ensuring conjugation efficiency. Conjugates produced by both chemistries induced strong humoral response against the heterologous antigen and GMMA. Additionally, the use of the two orthogonal chemistries allowed to control the linkage of two different antigens on the same GMMA particle. This work supports the further advancement of this novel platform with great potential for the design of effective vaccines.
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18
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Collins SM, Brown AC. Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles as Antibiotic Delivery Vehicles. Front Immunol 2021; 12:733064. [PMID: 34616401 PMCID: PMC8488215 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.733064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanometer-scale, spherical vehicles released by Gram-negative bacteria into their surroundings throughout growth. These OMVs have been demonstrated to play key roles in pathogenesis by delivering certain biomolecules to host cells, including toxins and other virulence factors. In addition, this biomolecular delivery function enables OMVs to facilitate intra-bacterial communication processes, such as quorum sensing and horizontal gene transfer. The unique ability of OMVs to deliver large biomolecules across the complex Gram-negative cell envelope has inspired the use of OMVs as antibiotic delivery vehicles to overcome transport limitations. In this review, we describe the advantages, applications, and biotechnological challenges of using OMVs as antibiotic delivery vehicles, studying both natural and engineered antibiotic applications of OMVs. We argue that OMVs hold great promise as antibiotic delivery vehicles, an urgently needed application to combat the growing threat of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela C. Brown
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, United States
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19
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Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Versatile Tool in Vaccine Research and the Fight against Antimicrobial Resistance. mBio 2021; 12:e0170721. [PMID: 34372691 PMCID: PMC8406158 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01707-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria include a number of pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals. Although antibiotics are still effective in treating a considerable range of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, the alarming increase of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) induced by excessive use of antibiotics has raised global concerns. Therefore, alternative strategies must be developed to prevent and treat bacterial infections and prevent the advent of a postantibiotic era. Vaccines, one of the greatest achievements in the history of medical science, hold extraordinary potential to prevent bacterial infections and thereby reduce the need for antibiotics. Novel bacterial vaccines are urgently needed, however, and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), naturally produced by Gram-negative bacteria, represent a promising and versatile tool that can be employed as adjuvants, antigens, and delivery platforms in the development of vaccines against Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we provide an overview of the many roles OMVs can play in vaccine development and the mechanisms behind these applications. Methods to improve OMV yields and a comparison of different strategies for OMV isolation aiming at cost-effective production of OMV-based vaccines are also reviewed.
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20
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Micoli F, MacLennan CA. Outer membrane vesicle vaccines. Semin Immunol 2020; 50:101433. [PMID: 33309166 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMV) have received increased attention in recent years as a vaccine platform against bacterial pathogens. OMV from Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B have been extensively explored. Following the success of the MeNZB OMV vaccine in controlling an outbreak of N. meningitidis B in New Zealand, additional research and development resulted in the licensure of the OMV-containing four-component 4CMenB vaccine, Bexsero. This provided broader protection against multiple meningococcal B strains. Advances in the field of genetic engineering have permitted further improvements in the platform resulting in increased yields, reduced endotoxicity and decoration with homologous and heterologous antigens to enhance immuno genicity and provide broader protection. The OMV vaccine platform has been extended to many other pathogens. In this review, we discuss progress in the development of the OMV vaccine delivery platform, highlighting successful applications, together with potential challenges and gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Calman A MacLennan
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 62 Buckingham Gate, London, United Kingdom; Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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21
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Noren Hooten N, Yáñez‐Mó M, DeRita R, Russell A, Quesenberry P, Ramratnam B, Robbins PD, Di Vizio D, Wen S, Witwer KW, Languino LR. Hitting the Bullseye: Are extracellular vesicles on target? J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 10:e12032. [PMID: 33708359 PMCID: PMC7890543 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population ScienceNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - María Yáñez‐Mó
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUAMCentro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaIIS‐IPMadridSpain
| | - Rachel DeRita
- Department of Cancer BiologySidney Kimmel Cancer CenterJefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ashley Russell
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Peter Quesenberry
- Division of Hematology/OncologyThe Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Bharat Ramratnam
- Department of MedicineAlpert Medical SchoolBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, and Department of BiochemistryMolecular Biology and Biophysics University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Departments of SurgeryBiomedical Sciences, and Pathology & Laboratory MedicineDivision of Cancer Biology and TherapeuticsCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sicheng Wen
- Division of Hematology/OncologyThe Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of NeurologyRichman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer’s DiseaseJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lucia R. Languino
- Department of Cancer BiologySidney Kimmel Cancer CenterJefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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