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Che S, Pham PH, Barbut S, Bienzle D, Susta L. Transcriptomic Profiles of Pectoralis major Muscles Affected by Spaghetti Meat and Woody Breast in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:176. [PMID: 38254345 PMCID: PMC10812457 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Spaghetti meat (SM) and woody breast (WB) are breast muscle myopathies of broiler chickens, characterized by separation of myofibers and by fibrosis, respectively. This study sought to investigate the transcriptomic profiles of breast muscles affected by SM and WB. Targeted sampling was conducted on a flock to obtain 10 WB, 10 SM, and 10 Normal Pectoralis major muscle samples from 37-day-old male chickens. Total RNA was extracted, cDNA was used for pair-end sequencing, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined by a false discovery rate of <0.1 and a >1.5-fold change. Principal component and heatmap cluster analyses showed that the SM and WB samples clustered together. No DEGs were observed between SM and WB fillets, while a total of 4018 and 2323 DEGs were found when comparing SM and WB, respectively, against Normal samples. In both the SM and WB samples, Gene Ontology terms associated with extracellular environment and immune response were enriched. The KEGG analysis showed enrichment of cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathways in both myopathies. Although SM and WB are macroscopically different, the similar transcriptomic profiles suggest that these conditions may share a common pathogenesis. This is the first study to compare the transcriptomes of SM and WB, and it showed that, while both myopathies had profiles different from the normal breast muscle, SM and WB were similar, with comparable enriched metabolic pathways and processes despite presenting markedly different macroscopic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunoh Che
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada; (S.C.); (P.H.P.)
| | - Phuc H. Pham
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada; (S.C.); (P.H.P.)
| | - Shai Barbut
- Department of Food Science, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada;
| | - Dorothee Bienzle
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada; (S.C.); (P.H.P.)
| | - Leonardo Susta
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada; (S.C.); (P.H.P.)
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2
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Nicoli A, Haag F, Marcinek P, He R, Kreißl J, Stein J, Marchetto A, Dunkel A, Hofmann T, Krautwurst D, Di Pizio A. Modeling the Orthosteric Binding Site of the G Protein-Coupled Odorant Receptor OR5K1. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:2014-2029. [PMID: 36696962 PMCID: PMC10091413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
With approximately 400 encoding genes in humans, odorant receptors (ORs) are the largest subfamily of class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Despite its high relevance and representation, the odorant-GPCRome is structurally poorly characterized: no experimental structures are available, and the low sequence identity of ORs to experimentally solved GPCRs is a significant challenge for their modeling. Moreover, the receptive range of most ORs is unknown. The odorant receptor OR5K1 was recently and comprehensively characterized in terms of cognate agonists. Here, we report two additional agonists and functional data of the most potent compound on two mutants, L1043.32 and L2556.51. Experimental data was used to guide the investigation of the binding modes of OR5K1 ligands into the orthosteric binding site using structural information from AI-driven modeling, as recently released in the AlphaFold Protein Structure Database, and from homology modeling. Induced-fit docking simulations were used to sample the binding site conformational space for ensemble docking. Mutagenesis data guided side chain residue sampling and model selection. We obtained models that could better rationalize the different activity of active (agonist) versus inactive molecules with respect to starting models and also capture differences in activity related to minor structural differences. Therefore, we provide a model refinement protocol that can be applied to model the orthosteric binding site of ORs as well as that of GPCRs with low sequence identity to available templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Nicoli
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Franziska Haag
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Patrick Marcinek
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ruiming He
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Johanna Kreißl
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Jörg Stein
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Alessandro Marchetto
- Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Advanced Simulations (IAS)-5/Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM)-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics, Computer Science and Natural Sciences, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Dunkel
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Hofmann
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Dietmar Krautwurst
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Antonella Di Pizio
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
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3
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Dubovski N, Fierro F, Margulis E, Ben Shoshan-Galeczki Y, Peri L, Niv MY. Taste GPCRs and their ligands. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 193:177-193. [PMID: 36357077 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Taste GPCRs are expressed in taste buds on the tongue and play a key role in food choice and consumption. They are also expressed extra-orally, with various physiological roles that are currently under study. Unraveling the roles of these receptors relies on the knowledge of their ligands. Combining sensory, cell-based and computational approaches enabled the discovery of numerous agonists and several antagonists. Here we provide a short overview of taste receptor families, main recent methods for ligands discovery, and current sources of information about known ligands. The future directions that are likely to impact the taste GPCR field include focus on ligand interactions with naturally occurring polymorphisms, as well as harnessing the power of CryoEM and of multiple signaling readout techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitzan Dubovski
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Fabrizio Fierro
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eitan Margulis
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yaron Ben Shoshan-Galeczki
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lior Peri
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Masha Y Niv
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
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4
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Abstract
Many behavioral studies and histological analyses of the sense of taste have been conducted in chickens, as it plays an important role in the ingestion of feed. In recent years, various taste receptors have been analyzed, and the functions of fatty acids, umami, and bitter taste receptors in chickens have become clear. In this review, the bitter taste sense in chickens, which is the taste quality by which animals reject poisons, is discussed among a variety of taste qualities. Chickens have taste buds in the palate, the base of the oral cavity, and the root of the tongue. Bitter taste receptors, taste receptor type 2 members 1, 2, and 7 (T2R1, T2R2, and T2R7) are expressed in these tissues. According to functional analyses of bitter taste receptors and behavioral studies, T2R1 and T2R7 are thought to be especially involved in the rejection of bitter compounds in chickens. Furthermore, the antagonists of these two functional bitter taste receptors were also identified, and it is expected that such antagonists will be useful in improving the taste quality of feed materials and poultry drugs that have a bitter taste. Bitter taste receptors are also expressed in extra-oral tissues, and it has been suggested that gastrointestinal bitter taste receptors may be involved in the secretion of gastrointestinal hormones and pathogen defense mechanisms. Thus, bitter taste receptors in chickens are suspected to play major roles in taste sensing and other physiological systems.
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5
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Yoshida Y, Nishimura S, Tabata S, Kawabata F. Chicken taste receptors and perception: recent advances in our understanding of poultry nutrient-sensing systems. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2022.2007437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yoshida
- Department of Food and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ami, Japan
| | - Shotaro Nishimura
- Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shoji Tabata
- Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fuminori Kawabata
- Physiology of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
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6
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Yoshida Y, Kawabata F, Tabata S, Aggrey SE, Rekaya R, Liu HX. Evolvement of taste sensitivity and taste buds in chickens during selective breeding. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101113. [PMID: 33975046 PMCID: PMC8131714 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chickens have been reported to have a low taste bud count and thus low taste acuity. However, more recent studies indicate that the earlier reported count of chicken taste buds may have been significantly underestimated. To answer the question of whether the taste sensing system in broiler chickens evolved during the breeding selection over the past decades, we compared the taste sensitivity to bitter and taste buds between a meat-type control strain – the 1955 Athens Canadian Random Bred (ACRB), and a modern high-yielding broiler strain – the 2012 Cobb 500. The behavioral tests showed that the ACRB did not avoid bitter taste solutions of quinine hydrochloride (QHCl) at the examined concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mM) (P > 0.05), while the Cobb 500 significantly avoided both the 2 mM and 4 mM QHCl solutions (P < 0.01). The labeling of chicken taste buds using the molecular marker Vimentin revealed that Cobb 500 chickens had a slightly higher number (P < 0.1), but lower density of taste bud clusters in the palate (P < 0.01) and the base of the oral cavity (P < 0.05) compared to the ACRB. We also found that a single amino acid change occurred in the bitter taste receptor T2R7. However, the functional analyses using HEK293T cells transiently expressing T2R7 revealed that the functions of T2R7 were comparable between the two strains. Taken together, our results demonstrated that taste sensitivities could be affected by the selection of the broiler chickens. The modern high-yielding broilers, which have massive feed intake and appetite, had a higher sensitivity to bitter taste stimuli than the meat-type chicken strain which was established decades ago. This evolvement of taste sensitivities may be associated with the alterations of an upper level of taste system, rather than the peripheral taste system, including distribution of taste buds and functions of taste receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yoshida
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fuminori Kawabata
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shoji Tabata
- Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Samuel E Aggrey
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Romdhane Rekaya
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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7
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Chen Z, Zhang Q, Shan J, Lu Y, Liu Q. Detection of Bitter Taste Molecules Based on Odorant-Binding Protein-Modified Screen-Printed Electrodes. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:27536-27545. [PMID: 33134717 PMCID: PMC7594143 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Bitter taste substances commonly represent a signal of toxicity. Fast and reliable detection of bitter molecules improves the safety of foods and beverages. Here, we report a biosensor using an easily accessible and cost-effective odorant-binding protein (OBP) of Drosophila melanogaster as a biosensitive material for the detection of bitter molecules. Based on the theoretical evaluation of the protein-ligand interaction, binding energies between the OBP and bitter molecules were calculated via molecular docking for the prediction and verification of binding affinities. Through one-step reduction, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were deposited on the screen-printed electrodes for improving the electrochemical properties of electrodes. After the electrodes were immobilized with OBPs via layer-by-layer self-assembly, typical bitter molecules, such as denatonium, quinine, and berberine, were investigated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The bitter molecules showed significant binding properties to the OBP with linear response concentrations ranging from 10-9 to 10-6 mg/mL. Therefore, the OBP-based biosensor offered powerful analytic techniques for the detection of bitter molecules and showed promising applications in the field of bitter taste evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetao Chen
- Biosensor
National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering
of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Biosensor
National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering
of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhen Shan
- The
First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Lu
- Biosensor
National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering
of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of TCM Health Management, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
- . Tel/Fax: +86 571 87953796
| | - Qingjun Liu
- Biosensor
National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering
of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of TCM Health Management, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
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8
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Di Pizio A, Waterloo LAW, Brox R, Löber S, Weikert D, Behrens M, Gmeiner P, Niv MY. Rational design of agonists for bitter taste receptor TAS2R14: from modeling to bench and back. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:531-542. [PMID: 31236627 PMCID: PMC11104859 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are a subfamily of 25 G protein-coupled receptors that mediate bitter taste perception. TAS2R14 is the most broadly tuned bitter taste receptor, recognizing a range of chemically diverse agonists with micromolar-range potency. The receptor is expressed in several extra-oral tissues and is suggested to have physiological roles related to innate immune responses, male fertility, and cancer. Higher potency ligands are needed to investigate TAS2R14 function and to modulate it for future clinical applications. Here, a structure-based modeling approach is described for the design of TAS2R14 agonists beginning from flufenamic acid, an approved non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic that activates TAS2R14 at sub-micromolar concentrations. Structure-based molecular modeling was integrated with experimental data to design new TAS2R14 agonists. Subsequent chemical synthesis and in vitro profiling resulted in new TAS2R14 agonists with improved potency compared to the lead. The integrated approach provides a validated and refined structural model of ligand-TAS2R14 interactions and a general framework for structure-based discovery in the absence of closely related experimental structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Pizio
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
- Section In Silico Biology & Machine Learning, Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Lukas A W Waterloo
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Regine Brox
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haemostaseology, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Löber
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dorothee Weikert
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maik Behrens
- Section Chemoreception and Biosignals, Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany.
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Masha Y Niv
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel.
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9
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Su Y, Jie H, Zhu Q, Zhao X, Wang Y, Yin H, Kumar Mishra S, Li D. Effect of Bitter Compounds on the Expression of Bitter Taste Receptor T2R7 Downstream Signaling Effectors in cT2R7/pDisplay-G α16/gust44/pcDNA3.1 (+) Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6301915. [PMID: 31781630 PMCID: PMC6875361 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6301915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bitterness is an important taste sensation for chickens, which provides useful sensory information for acquisition and selection of diet, and warns them against ingestion of potentially harmful and noxious substances in nature. Bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) mediate the recognition of bitter compounds belonging to a family of proteins known as G-protein coupled receptors. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the expression of T2R7 in chicken tongue tissue and construct cT2R7-1 and cT2R7-2-expressing HEK-293T cells to access the expression of PLCβ2 and ITPR3 after exposure with different concentrations of the bitter compounds. Using real-time PCR, we show that the relative expression level of T2R7 mRNA in 5, 1, 0.1, and 10-3 mM of camphor and erythromycin solutions and 5 mM of chlorpheniramine maleate solutions was significantly higher than that in 50 mM KCL solutions. We confirmed that the bitter taste receptor T2R7 and downstream signaling effectors are sensitive to different concentrations of bitter compounds. Moreover, T2R7-1 (corresponding to the unique haplotype of the Tibetan chicken) had higher sensitivity to bitter compounds compared with that of T2R7-2 (corresponding to the unique haplotype of the Jiuyuan black-chicken). These results provide great significance of taste response on dietary intake to improve chicken feeding efficiency in poultry production and have certain reference value for future taste research in other bird species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Su
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hang Jie
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Chongqing Engineering Technology Research Center for GAP of Genuine Medicinal Materials, Chongqing Institute of Medicinal Plant Cultivation, Nanchuan, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huadong Yin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shailendra Kumar Mishra
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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10
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Luo M, Ni K, Jin Y, Yu Z, Deng L. Toward the Identification of Extra-Oral TAS2R Agonists as Drug Agents for Muscle Relaxation Therapies via Bioinformatics-Aided Screening of Bitter Compounds in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Front Physiol 2019; 10:861. [PMID: 31379593 PMCID: PMC6647893 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant advances have been made in the past decade in mapping the distributions and the physiological functions of extra-oral bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) in non-gustatory tissues. In particular, it has been found that TAS2Rs are expressed in various muscle tissues and activation of TAS2Rs can lead to muscle cell relaxation, which suggests that TAS2Rs may be important new targets in muscle relaxation therapy for various muscle-related diseases. So far, however, there is a lack of potent extra-oral TAS2R agonists that can be used as novel drug agents in muscle relaxation therapies. Interestingly, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) often characterizes a drug’s property in terms of five distinct flavors (bitter, sweet, sour, salty, and pungent) according to its taste and function, and commonly regards “bitterness” as an intrinsic property of “good medicine.” In addition, many bitter flavored TCM are known in practice to cause muscle relaxation after long term use, and in lab experiments the compounds identified from some bitter flavored TCM do activate TAS2Rs and thus relax muscle cells. Therefore, it is highly possible to discover very useful extra-oral TAS2R agonists for muscle relaxation therapies among the abundant bitter compounds used in bitter flavored TCM. With this perspective, we reviewed in literature the distribution of TAS2Rs in different muscle systems with a focus on the map of bitter flavored TCM which can regulate muscle contractility and related functional chemical components. We also reviewed the recently established databases of TCM chemical components and the bioinformatics software which can be used for high-throughput screening and data mining of the chemical components associated with bitter flavored TCM. All together, we aim to present a knowledge-based approach and technological platform for identification or discovery of extra-oral TAS2R agonists that can be used as novel drug agents for muscle relaxation therapies through screening and evaluation of chemical compounds used in bitter flavored TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhi Luo
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Kai Ni
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zifan Yu
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Linhong Deng
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medical Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
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11
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Itoigawa A, Hayakawa T, Suzuki-Hashido N, Imai H. A natural point mutation in the bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 causes inverse agonism of arbutin in lemur gustation. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20190884. [PMID: 31161904 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.0884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bitter taste enables the detection of potentially harmful substances and is mediated by bitter taste receptors, TAS2Rs, in vertebrates. Few antagonists and inverse agonists of TAS2Rs have been identified, especially natural compounds. TAS2R16s in humans, apes and Old World monkeys (Catarrhini, Anthropoidea) recognize β-glucoside analogues as specific agonists. Here, we investigated responses of TAS2R16 to β-glucosides in non-anthropoid primates, namely lemurs (Lemuriformes, Strepsirrhini). Salicin acted as an agonist on lemur TAS2R16. Arbutin acted as an agonist in the ring-tailed lemur ( Lemur catta) but as an inverse agonist in black lemur ( Eulemur macaco) and black-and-white ruffed lemur ( Varecia variegata). We identified a strepsirrhine-specific amino acid substitution responsible for the inverse agonism of arbutin. In a food preference test, salicin bitterness was inhibited by arbutin in the black lemur. Structural modelling revealed this locus was important for a rearrangement of the intracellular end of transmembrane helix 7 (TM7). Accordingly, arbutin is the first known natural inverse agonist of TAS2Rs, contributing to our understanding of receptor-ligand interactions and the molecular basis of the unique feeding habit diversification in lemurs. Furthermore, the identification of a causal point mutation suggests that TAS2R can acquire functional changes according to feeding habits and environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Itoigawa
- 1 Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University , 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506 , Japan.,3 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science , Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083 , Japan
| | - Takashi Hayakawa
- 2 Department of Wildlife Science (Nagoya Railroad Co., Ltd.), Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University , 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506 , Japan.,4 Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University , N10W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810 , Japan.,5 Japan Monkey Centre , 26 Inuyamakanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-0081 , Japan
| | - Nami Suzuki-Hashido
- 3 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science , Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083 , Japan.,6 Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences , 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501 , Japan
| | - Hiroo Imai
- 1 Molecular Biology Section, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University , 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506 , Japan
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Di Pizio A, Behrens M, Krautwurst D. Beyond the Flavour: The Potential Druggability of Chemosensory G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1402. [PMID: 30897734 PMCID: PMC6471708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to the largest class of drug targets. Approximately half of the members of the human GPCR superfamily are chemosensory receptors, including odorant receptors (ORs), trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), sweet and umami taste receptors (TAS1Rs). Interestingly, these chemosensory GPCRs (csGPCRs) are expressed in several tissues of the body where they are supposed to play a role in biological functions other than chemosensation. Despite their abundance and physiological/pathological relevance, the druggability of csGPCRs has been suggested but not fully characterized. Here, we aim to explore the potential of targeting csGPCRs to treat diseases by reviewing the current knowledge of csGPCRs expressed throughout the body and by analysing the chemical space and the drug-likeness of flavour molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Pizio
- Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Freising, 85354, Germany.
| | - Maik Behrens
- Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Freising, 85354, Germany.
| | - Dietmar Krautwurst
- Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Freising, 85354, Germany.
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Nowak S, Di Pizio A, Levit A, Niv MY, Meyerhof W, Behrens M. Reengineering the ligand sensitivity of the broadly tuned human bitter taste receptor TAS2R14. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2162-2173. [PMID: 30009876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In humans, bitterness perception is mediated by ~25 bitter taste receptors present in the oral cavity. Among these receptors three, TAS2R10, TAS2R14 and TAS2R46, exhibit extraordinary wide agonist profiles and hence contribute disproportionally high to the perception of bitterness. Perhaps the most broadly tuned receptor is the TAS2R14, which may represent, because of its prominent expression in extraoral tissues, a receptor of particular importance for the physiological actions of bitter compounds beyond taste. METHODS To investigate how the architecture and composition of the TAS2R14 binding pocket enables specific interactions with a complex array of chemically diverse bitter agonists, we carried out homology modeling and ligand docking experiments, subjected the receptor to point-mutagenesis of binding site residues and performed functional calcium mobilization assays. RESULTS In total, 40 point-mutated receptor constructs were generated to investigate the contribution of 19 positions presumably located in the receptor's binding pocket to activation by 7 different TAS2R14 agonists. All investigated positions exhibited moderate to pronounced agonist selectivity. CONCLUSIONS Since numerous modifications of the TAS2R14 binding pocket resulted in improved responses to individual agonists, we conclude that this bitter taste receptor might represent a suitable template for the engineering of the agonist profile of a chemoreceptive receptor. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The detailed structure-function analysis of the highly promiscuous and widely expressed TAS2R14 suggests that this receptor must be considered as potentially frequent target for known and novel drugs including undesired off-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Nowak
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Dept. Molecular Genetics, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Antonella Di Pizio
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food and Nutrition, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, 76100 Rehovot, Israel; The Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Anat Levit
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food and Nutrition, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, 76100 Rehovot, Israel; The Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158-2280, USA
| | - Masha Y Niv
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food and Nutrition, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, 76100 Rehovot, Israel; The Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Wolfgang Meyerhof
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Dept. Molecular Genetics, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Maik Behrens
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Dept. Molecular Genetics, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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