1
|
Masyita A, Firdayani F, Listiana S, Besari AY. Emodin derivatives as novel potent DPP-4 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and in vitro evaluation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 735:150867. [PMID: 39442451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Revised: 10/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have gained recognition as effective agents for lowering blood sugar levels, significantly improving glycemic control for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emodin, an anthraquinone derived from the traditional herbs rhubarb (Rheum officinale) and Polygonum cuspidatum, has been identified as an important component in the development of new treatments for diabetes. In the present work, we explored the DPP-4 inhibitory activity of emodin derivatives. This study focused on the design, synthesis, and evaluation of emodin derivatives for their in vitro DPP-4 inhibitory activity. Molecular docking studies indicated that 3-o-toluoyl emodin (OTEM) had the lowest docking score (-134.073) against the DPP-4 protein among the tested compounds. OTEM also achieved the highest drug-likeness score of 0.56 and demonstrated DPP-4 inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 0.77 μM. Furthermore, structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis suggested that the addition of an ortho-toluoyl group at the C-3 position could enhance DPP-4 inhibition. Additionally, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model assessments revealed that log P was the only descriptor significantly influencing DPP-4 inhibitory activity. Therefore, the current study indicates that OTEM could serve as a promising lead compound to address the demand for antidiabetic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayu Masyita
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Bogor, Indonesia.
| | - Firdayani Firdayani
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Bogor, Indonesia.
| | - Shelvi Listiana
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Ariza Yandwiputra Besari
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Bogor, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fatima Qadri A, Shaikh S, Chan Hwang Y, Ahmad K, Choi I, Ju Lee E. Effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis crude water extract on the expression of Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 gene during myogenesis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34747. [PMID: 39149015 PMCID: PMC11324967 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza uralensis is a traditional herbal medicine with significant bioactivity. This study investigated the effect of G. uralensis crude water extract (GU-CWE) on nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) expression during myogenesis. GU-CWE treatment increased myoblast differentiation by downregulating NOS2 and upregulating myogenic regulatory factors (MYOD, MYOG, and MYH). Notably, this effect was supported by an observed decrease in NOS2 expression in the gastrocnemius tissues of mice treated with GU-CWE. In addition, GU-CWE treatment and NOS2 knockdown were associated with reductions in reactive oxygen species levels. We further elucidate the role of the NOS2 gene in myoblast differentiation, demonstrating that its role was expression dependent, being beneficial at low expression but detrimental at high expression. High NOS2 gene expression induced oxidative stress, whereas its low expression impaired myotube formation. These findings highlight that the modulation of NOS2 expression by G. uralensis can potentially be use for managing muscle wasting disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afsha Fatima Qadri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Ye Chan Hwang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shaikh S, Lee EJ, Ahmad K, Choi I. Therapeutic potential and action mechanisms of licochalcone B: a mini review. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1440132. [PMID: 39021879 PMCID: PMC11251949 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1440132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone B (LicB), a chalcone derived from Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Glycyrrhiza glabra, has received considerable attention due to its diverse pharmacological properties. Accumulated data indicates that LicB has pharmacological effects that include anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. The action mechanism of LicB has been linked to several molecular targets, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin, p53, nuclear factor-κB, and p38, and the involvements of caspases, apoptosis, mitogen-activated protein kinase-associated inflammatory pathways, and anti-inflammatory nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathways highlight the multifaceted therapeutic potential of LicB. This review systematically updates recent findings regarding the pharmacological effects of LicB, and the mechanistic pathways involved, and highlights the potential use of LicB as a promising lead compound for drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mazumder R, Ichudaule, Ghosh A, Deb S, Ghosh R. Significance of Chalcone Scaffolds in Medicinal Chemistry. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:22. [PMID: 38937401 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Chalcone is a simple naturally occurring α,β-unsaturated ketone with biological importance, which can also be easily synthesized in laboratories by reaction between two aromatic scaffolds. In plants, chalcones occur as polyphenolic compounds of different frameworks which are bioactive molecules that have been in traditional medicinal practice for many years. Chalcone-based lead molecules have been developed, possessing varied potentials such as antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-oxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperurecemic, and anti-ulcer effects. Chalcones contribute considerable fragments to give important heterocyclic molecules with therapeutic utilities targeting various diseases. These characteristic features have made chalcone a topic of interest among researchers and have attracted investigations into this widely applicable structure. This review highlights the extensive exploration carried out on the synthesis, biotransformations, chemical reactions, hybridization, and pharmacological potentials of chalcones, and aims to provide an extensive, thorough, and critical review of their importance, with emphasis on their properties, chemistry, and biomedical applications to boost future investigations into this potential scaffold in medicinal chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rishav Mazumder
- Laboratory of Developing Drug Candidates, Department of Pharmacy, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Ichudaule
- Laboratory of Developing Drug Candidates, Department of Pharmacy, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Ashmita Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Techno India University Tripura, Maheshkhola, Anandanagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799004, India
| | - Subrata Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, 33169, USA.
| | - Rajat Ghosh
- Laboratory of Developing Drug Candidates, Department of Pharmacy, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ji X, Liu N, Huang S, Zhang C. A Comprehensive Review of Licorice: The Preparation, Chemical Composition, Bioactivities and Its Applications. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:667-716. [PMID: 38716617 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza) is a medicinal and food homologue of perennial plants derived from the dried roots and rhizomes of the genus Glycyrrhiza in the legume family. In recent years, the comprehensive utilization of licorice resources has attracted people's attention. It is widely utilized to treat diseases, health food products, food production, and other industrial applications. Furthermore, numerous bioactive components of licorice are found using advanced extraction processes, which mainly include polyphenols (flavonoids, dihydrostilbenes, benzofurans, and coumarin), triterpenoids, polysaccharides, alkaloids, and volatile oils, all of which have been reported to possess a variety of pharmacological characteristics, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, neuroprotective, antidepressive, antidiabetic, antiparasitic, antisex hormone, skin effects, anticariogenic, antitussive, and expectorant activities. Thereby, all of these compounds promote the development of novel and more effective licorice-derived products. This paper reviews the progress of research on extraction techniques, chemical composition, bioactivities, and applications of licorice to provide a reference for further development and application of licorice in different areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, Emerging Disease Detection and Control, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, Emerging Disease Detection and Control, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
| | - Shucheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, Emerging Disease Detection and Control, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ahmad K, Lee EJ, Ali S, Han KS, Hur SJ, Lim JH, Choi I. Licochalcone A and B enhance muscle proliferation and differentiation by regulating Myostatin. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155350. [PMID: 38237512 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myostatin (MSTN) inhibition has demonstrated promise for the treatment of diseases associated with muscle loss. In a previous study, we discovered that Glycyrrhiza uralensis (G. uralensis) crude water extract (CWE) inhibits MSTN expression while promoting myogenesis. Furthermore, three specific compounds of G. uralensis, namely liquiritigenin, tetrahydroxymethoxychalcone, and Licochalcone B (Lic B), were found to promote myoblast proliferation and differentiation, as well as accelerate the regeneration of injured muscle tissue. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to build on our previous findings on G. uralensis and demonstrate the potential of its two components, Licochalcone A (Lic A) and Lic B, in muscle mass regulation (by inhibiting MSTN), aging and muscle formation. METHODS G. uralensis, Lic A, and Lic B were evaluated thoroughly using in silico, in vitro and in vivo approaches. In silico analyses included molecular docking, and dynamics simulations of these compounds with MSTN. Protein-protein docking was carried out for MSTN, as well as for the docked complex of MSTN-Lic with its receptor, activin type IIB receptor (ACVRIIB). Subsequent in vitro studies used C2C12 cell lines and primary mouse muscle stem cells to acess the cell proliferation and differentiation of normal and aged cells, levels of MSTN, Atrogin 1, and MuRF1, and plasma MSTN concentrations, employing techniques such as western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, cell proliferation and differentiation assays, and real-time RT-PCR. Furthermore, in vivo experiments using mouse models focused on measuring muscle fiber diameters. RESULTS CWE of G. uralensis and two of its components, namely Lic A and B, promote myoblast proliferation and differentiation by inhibiting MSTN and reducing Atrogin1 and MuRF1 expressions and MSTN protein concentration in serum. In silico interaction analysis revealed that Lic A (binding energy -6.9 Kcal/mol) and B (binding energy -5.9 Kcal/mol) bind to MSTN and reduce binding between it and ACVRIIB, thereby inhibiting downstream signaling. The experimental analysis, which involved both in vitro and in vivo studies, demonstrated that the levels of MSTN, Atrogin 1, and MuRF1 were decreased when G. uralensis CWE, Lic A, or Lic B were administered into mice or treated in the mouse primary muscle satellite cells (MSCs) and C2C12 myoblasts. The diameters of muscle fibers increased in orally treated mice, and the differentiation and proliferation of C2C12 cells were enhanced. G. uralensis CWE, Lic A, and Lic B also promoted cell proliferation in aged cells, suggesting that they may have anti-muslce aging properties. They also reduced the expression and phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 (MSTN downstream effectors), adding to the evidence that MSTN is inhibited. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that CWE and its active constituents Lic A and Lic B have anti-mauscle aging potential. They also have the potential to be used as natural inhibitors of MSTN and as therapeutic options for disorders associated with muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Shahid Ali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Ki Soo Han
- Neo Cremar Co., Ltd., Seoul 05702, South Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ahmad SS, Choi I. Current situation and publication trends of skeletal muscle related research: A bibliometric analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24942. [PMID: 38317977 PMCID: PMC10838779 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SM) is a highly plastic and dynamic tissue of the body and is largely responsible for body maintenance. SM is primarily responsible for body balance, movement, postural support, thermogenesis, and blood glucose homeostasis. SM regeneration depends on the activation of muscle satellite (stem) cells (MSCs) under the regulation of several muscle regulatory factors that regulate myogenesis. Bibliometric analysis involves the quantitative and qualitative assessments of research and scientific progress that provides researchers access to recent publications, research directions, and thus generates ideas that can be implemented to guide future research. In this analysis, the Web of Science database was searched for articles using the search term "skeletal muscle AND myogenesis AND muscle satellite cell", and 1777 articles (original research/review articles) published from the year 1997 to June 2023 were retrieved. After applying several other exclusion and inclusion criteria, 129 articles were considered for analysis. Types of research, keywords, journals, authors, years, institutions, funding agencies, and average annual citations were analyzed. Muscle regeneration, satellite cell, and myogenesis were often used keywords and exhibited increasing trends in research articles over the decades. Some journals were found to strongly support research publications with high impact factors and citation scores. This study aimed to examine research ideas and growth in the skeletal muscle related field for atrophy and aging improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin H, Su M, Wen C, Tang Y, Li H, Wu Y, Ge RS, Li XW, Lin H. Chalcones from plants cause toxicity by inhibiting human and rat 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2: 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) and in silico docking analysis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114415. [PMID: 38141941 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones from licorice and its related plants have many pharmacological effects. However, the effects of chalcones on the activity of human and rat 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11β-HSD2), and associated side effects remain unclear. The inhibition of 11 chalcones on human and rat 11β-HSD2 were evaluated in microsomes and a 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) was analyzed. Screening revealed that bavachalcone, echinatin, isobavachalcone, isobavachromene, isoliquiritigenin, licochalcone A, and licochalcone B significantly inhibited human 11β-HSD2 with IC50 values ranging from 15.62 (licochalcone A) to 38.33 (echinatin) μM. Screening showed that the above chemicals and 4-hydroxychalcone significantly inhibited rat 11β-HSD2 with IC50 values ranging from 6.82 (isobavachalcone) to 72.26 (4-hydroxychalcone) μM. These chalcones acted as noncompetitive/mixed inhibitors for both enzymes. Comparative analysis revealed that inhibition of 11β-HSD2 depended on the species. Most chemicals bind to the NAD+ binding site or both the NAD+ and substrate binding sites. Bivariate correlation analysis showed that lipophilicity and molecular weight determine inhibitory strength. Through our 3D-QSAR models, we identified that the hydrophobic region, hydrophobic aliphatic groups, and hydrogen bond acceptors are pivotal factors in inhibiting 11β-HSD2. In conclusion, many chalcones inhibit human and rat 11β-HSD2, possibly causing side effects and there is structure-dependent and species-dependent inhibition on 11β-HSD2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, China
| | - Ming Su
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, China
| | - Chao Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, China
| | - Yunbing Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Huitao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, China
| | - Yandan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Xing-Wang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, China.
| | - Han Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Roney M, Dubey A, Issahaku AR, Uddin MN, Tufail A, Wilhelm A, Zamri NB, Aluwi MFFM. Insights from in silico exploration of major curcumin analogs targeting human dipeptidyl peptidase IV. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38260948 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2306197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The goal of this work is to use a variety of in-silico techniques to identify anti-diabetic agents against DPP-IV enzyme from five main curcumin analogues. To produce the successful molecules, five main curcumin analogues were docked into the active site of DPP-IV enzyme. In comparison to the control molecule (Saxagliptin, -6.9 kcal/mol), all the compounds have the highest binding affinity (-7.6 to -7.7 kcal/mol) for the DPP-IV enzyme. These compounds underwent further testing for studies on drug-likeness, pharmacokinetics, and acute toxicity to see the efficacy and safety of compounds. To assess the stability of the docking complex and the binding posture identified during the docking experiment, our study got THC as the lead compound, which was then exposed to 200 ns of molecular dynamic simulation and PCA analysis. Additionally, DFT calculations were conducted to determine the thermodynamic, molecular orbital, and electrostatic potential characteristics of lead compound. Overall, the lead chemical has shown strong drug-like properties, is non-toxic, and has a sizable affinity for the DPP-IV enzyme.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miah Roney
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
- Bio Aromatic Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Amit Dubey
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Computational Chemistry and Drug Discovery Division, Quanta Calculus, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Md Nazim Uddin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aisha Tufail
- Department of Computational Chemistry and Drug Discovery Division, Quanta Calculus, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anke Wilhelm
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Normaiza Binti Zamri
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
- Bio Aromatic Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ahmad SS, Ahmad K, Hwang YC, Lee EJ, Choi I. Therapeutic Applications of Ginseng Natural Compounds for Health Management. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17290. [PMID: 38139116 PMCID: PMC10744087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginseng is usually consumed as a daily food supplement to improve health and has been shown to benefit skeletal muscle, improve glucose metabolism, and ameliorate muscle-wasting conditions, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and the effects of aging and cancers. Ginseng has also been reported to help maintain bone strength and liver (digestion, metabolism, detoxification, and protein synthesis) and kidney functions. In addition, ginseng is often used to treat age-associated neurodegenerative disorders, and ginseng and ginseng-derived natural products are popular natural remedies for diseases such as diabetes, obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation, as well as fungal, bacterial, and viral infections. Ginseng is a well-known herbal medication, known to alleviate the actions of several cytokines. The article concludes with future directions and significant application of ginseng compounds for researchers in understanding the promising role of ginseng in the treatment of several diseases. Overall, this study was undertaken to highlight the broad-spectrum therapeutic applications of ginseng compounds for health management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.A.); (K.A.); (Y.C.H.); (E.J.L.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.A.); (K.A.); (Y.C.H.); (E.J.L.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Chan Hwang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.A.); (K.A.); (Y.C.H.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.A.); (K.A.); (Y.C.H.); (E.J.L.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.A.); (K.A.); (Y.C.H.); (E.J.L.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ye L, Su M, Qiao X, Wang S, Zheng K, Zhu Y, Li H, Wang Y, Ge RS. Chalcone derivatives from licorice inhibit human and rat gonadal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases as therapeutic uses. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116690. [PMID: 37245711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Chinese medicine, licorice (the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra and G. inflata) has been used to treat inflammation and sexual debility for over 1000 years. Pharmacological studies have identified many biologically active chalcone derivatives from licorice. AIM OF THE STUDY Human 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (h3β-HSD2) catalyzes the formation of precursors for sex hormones and corticosteroids, which play critical roles in reproduction and metabolism. We explored inhibition and mode action of chalcones of inhibiting h3β-HSD2 and compared it with rat 3β-HSD1. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the inhibition of 5 chalcones on h3β-HSD2 and compared species-dependent difference with 3β-HSD1. RESULTS The inhibitory strength on h3β-HSD2 was isoliquiritigenin (IC50, 0.391 μM) > licochalcone A (0.494 μM) > licochalcone B (1.485 μM) > echinatin (1.746 μM) >chalcone (100.3 μM). The inhibitory strength on r3β-HSD1 was isoliquiritigenin (IC50, 0.829 μM) > licochalcone A (1.165 μM) > licochalcone B (1.866 μM) > echinatin (2.593 μM) > chalcone (101.2 μM). Docking showed that all chemicals bind steroid and/or NAD+-binding site with the mixed mode. Structure-activity relationship analysis showed that strength was correlated with chemical's hydrogen bond acceptor. CONCLUSION Some chalcones are potent h3β-HSD2 and r3β-HSD1 inhibitors, possibly being potential drugs to treat Cushing's syndrome or polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ye
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Su
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinyi Qiao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Huitao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ahmad K, Shaikh S, Lim JH, Ahmad SS, Chun HJ, Lee EJ, Choi I. Therapeutic application of natural compounds for skeletal muscle-associated metabolic disorders: A review on diabetes perspective. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115642. [PMID: 37812896 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SM) plays a vital role in energy and glucose metabolism by regulating insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and blood glucose homeostasis. Impaired SM metabolism is strongly linked to several diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2D). Insulin resistance in SM may result from the impaired activities of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, insulin receptor substrate 1, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and AKT pathways. This review briefly discusses SM myogenesis and the critical roles that SM plays in insulin resistance and T2D. The pharmacological targets of T2D which are associated with SM metabolism, such as DPP4, PTB1B, SGLT, PPARγ, and GLP-1R, and their potential modulators/inhibitors, especially natural compounds, are discussed in detail. This review highlights the significance of SM in metabolic disorders and the therapeutic potential of natural compounds in targeting SM-associated T2D targets. It may provide novel insights for the future development of anti-diabetic drug therapies. We believe that scientists working on T2D therapies will benefit from this review by enhancing their knowledge and updating their understanding of the subject.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Syed Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chun
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rohani, Febrina E, Wahyuni IS, Levita J. Pharmacological and Clinical Studies of Medicinal Plants That Inhibit Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3473-3491. [PMID: 38024536 PMCID: PMC10680473 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s426870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) is an enzyme responsible for the degradation of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). DPP-IV plays a significant role in regulating blood glucose levels by modulating the activity of GLP-1. In the context of diabetes, DPP-IV inhibitors effectively block the activity of DPP-IV, hence mitigating the degradation of GLP-1. This, in turn, leads to an extension of GLP-1's duration of action, prolongs gastric emptying, enhances insulin sensitivity, and ultimately results in the reduction of blood glucose levels. Nonetheless, reported adverse events of DPP-IV inhibitors on T2DM patients make it essential to understand the activity and mechanism of these drugs, particularly viewed from the perspective of finding the effective and safe add-on medicinal plants, to be implemented in clinical practice. This review is intended to bring forth a thorough overview of plants that work by reducing DPP-IV activity, from computational technique, enzymatic study, animal experiments, and studies in humans. The articles were searched on PubMed using "Plants", "DPP-IV", "DPP-IV inhibitor", "GLP-1", "Type 2 diabetes", "diabetes", "in silico", "in vitro", "in vivo", "studies in human", "clinical study" as the query words, and filtered for ten years of publication period. Eighteen plants showed inhibition against DPP-IV as proven by in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies; however, only ten plants were reported for efficacy in clinical studies. Several plant-based DPP-IV inhibitors, eg, Allium sativum, Morus Alba, Curcuma longa, Pterocarpus marsupium, and Taraxacum officinale, have established their functional role in inhibiting DPP-IV and have proven their effectiveness through studies in humans earning them a prominent place in therapeutic discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohani
- Master Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Ellin Febrina
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Indah Suasani Wahyuni
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Jutti Levita
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shaikh S, Ali S, Lim JH, Ahmad K, Han KS, Lee EJ, Choi I. Virtual Insights into Natural Compounds as Potential 5α-Reductase Type II Inhibitors: A Structure-Based Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2152. [PMID: 38004292 PMCID: PMC10671996 DOI: 10.3390/life13112152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is a dermatological disease with psychosocial consequences for those who experience hair loss. AGA is linked to an increase in androgen levels caused by an excess of dihydrotestosterone in blood capillaries produced from testosterone by 5α-reductase type II (5αR2), which is expressed in scalp hair follicles; 5αR2 activity and dihydrotestosterone levels are elevated in balding scalps. The diverse health benefits of flavonoids have been widely reported in epidemiological studies, and research interest continues to increase. In this study, a virtual screening approach was used to identify compounds that interact with active site residues of 5αR2 by screening a library containing 241 flavonoid compounds. Here, we report two potent flavonoid compounds, eriocitrin and silymarin, that interacted strongly with 5αR2, with binding energies of -12.1 and -11.7 kcal/mol, respectively, which were more significant than those of the control, finasteride (-11.2 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamic simulations (200 ns) were used to optimize the interactions between compounds and 5αR2 and revealed that the interaction of eriocitrin and silymarin with 5αR2 was stable. The study shows that eriocitrin and silymarin provide developmental bases for novel 5αR2 inhibitors for the management of AGA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.); (S.A.); (J.H.L.); (K.A.); (E.J.L.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Shahid Ali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.); (S.A.); (J.H.L.); (K.A.); (E.J.L.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.); (S.A.); (J.H.L.); (K.A.); (E.J.L.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.); (S.A.); (J.H.L.); (K.A.); (E.J.L.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Soo Han
- Neo Cremar Co., Ltd., Seoul 05702, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.); (S.A.); (J.H.L.); (K.A.); (E.J.L.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (S.S.); (S.A.); (J.H.L.); (K.A.); (E.J.L.)
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gonzatti MB, Júnior JEM, Rocha AJ, de Oliveira JS, Evangelista AJDJ, Fonseca FMP, Ceccatto VM, de Oliveira AC, da Cruz Freire JE. Mechanism of molecular interaction of sitagliptin with human DPP 4 enzyme - New Insights. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:402-408. [PMID: 37837799 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inactivates a range of bioactive peptides. The cleavage of insulinotropic peptides and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) by DPP4 directly influences glucose homeostasis. This study aimed to describe the mode of interaction between sitagliptin (an antidiabetic drug) and human DPP4 using in silico approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS Docking studies were conducted using AutoDock Vina, 2D and 3D schematic drawings were obtained using PoseView and PLIP servers, and the DPP4-sitagliptin complex was visualized with Pymol software. RESULTS The best affinity energy to form the DPP4-sitagliptin complex was E-value = - 8.1 kcal mol-1, as indicated by docking simulations. This result suggests a strong interaction. According to our observations, hydrophobic interactions involving the amino acids residues Tyr663 and Val712, hydrogen bonds (Glu203, Glu204, Tyr663, and Tyr667), π-Stacking interactions (Phe355 and Tyr667), and halogenic bonds (Arg123, Glu204, and Arg356) were prevalent in the DPP4-sitagliptin complex. Root Mean Square Deviation prediction also demonstrated that the global structure of the human DPP4 did not have a significant change in its topology, even after the formation of the DPP4-sitagliptin complex. CONCLUSION The stable interaction between the sitagliptin ligand and the DPP4 enzyme was demonstrated through molecular docking simulations. The findings presented in this work enhance the understanding of the physicochemical properties of the sitagliptin interaction site, supporting the design of more efficient gliptin-like iDPP4 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antônio José Rocha
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Immunology, and Microbiology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fátima Morgana Pio Fonseca
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Singh H, Raja A, Prakash A, Medhi B. Gmx_qk: An Automated Protein/Protein-Ligand Complex Simulation Workflow Bridged to MM/PBSA, Based on Gromacs and Zenity-Dependent GUI for Beginners in MD Simulation Study. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:2603-2608. [PMID: 37079775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Open-source MD simulation tools provide academics and low-income countries with the ability to compete in drug discovery advancements. Gromacs is a well-known and established MD simulation tool, among others. Although command-line tools offer full flexibility to users, they require expertise and familiarity with the UNIX operating system. In this context, we have developed an automated bash workflow that enables users with minimal knowledge of UNIX or command-line tools to run protein/protein-ligand complex simulations bridged to MM/PBSA calculations. The workflow provides information to the user using Zenity widgets and requires minimal intervention, such as energy minimization, simulation duration, and output file naming. It initiates MD simulations within a few seconds (energy minimization, NVT, NPT, and MD) after taking input files and parameters, which takes 20-30 min in a command-line-based protocol. The single workflow also helps users to produce reproducible research results with fewer errors. The workflow is available at the GitHub repository: https://github.com/harry-maan/gmx_qk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harvinder Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Anupam Raja
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Ajay Prakash
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| |
Collapse
|