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Brikou D, Dimopoulou MA, Drouka A, Ntanasi E, Mamalaki E, Gu Y, Scarmeas N, Yannakoulia M. Eating Frequency, Timing, and Duration in Relation to Cognitive Performance and Alzheimer Disease Biomarkers in Adults. J Nutr 2024; 154:2167-2175. [PMID: 38797480 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential association between temporal dimensions of eating and cognition/cognitive declines has been poorly investigated so far. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine relationships among eating frequency, timing and time window, and cognitive performance and novel Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarkers in cognitively healthy and mildly cognitively impaired middle-aged and older adults. METHODS Cross-sectional data were derived from the Aiginition Longitudinal Biomarker Investigation of Neurodegeneration (ALBION) cohort study, including people aged 40 y or older who have a positive family history of cognitive disorder or cognition-related concerns. Cognitive performance was assessed by a battery of neuropsychological tests. Amyloid β (Αβ42), a biomarker of AD-related pathology, was measured in cerebrospinal fluid. Eating frequency, timing, and the eating time window between the first and the last meal were estimated using time-related information recorded in four 24-h recalls. RESULTS Study participants had, on average, 5.3 ± 1.2 eating episodes per day, consumed at 8:20 ± 1.3 and 21:14 ± 1.3 h their first and their last eating episode, respectively, while their eating time window was 12.9 ± 1.6 h. Eating frequency, but not eating time window, was positively associated with global cognition, executive and language performance even after controlling for age, sex, education, BMI, and Mediterranean diet. Increasing eating frequency by 1 eating episode per day was associated with 0.169 higher global z-score. Furthermore, compared with ≤4, having 5-6 or >6 eating episodes per day was associated with better global and memory z-scores. Time of last eating episode was also positively associated with language performance. No associations were detected among eating frequency, timing and window, and AD pathology. CONCLUSIONS An eating pattern characterized by less frequent eating and/or by earlier times is present in individuals with worse cognitive performance. Our results shed light on the relevance of temporal eating patterns as potential early markers of behavioral or metabolic changes related to AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Brikou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Archontoula Drouka
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Mamalaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Yian Gu
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, NY, United States
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, NY, United States
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
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Hillari L, Frank P, Cadar D. Systemic inflammation, lifestyle behaviours and dementia: A 10-year follow-up investigation. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 38:100776. [PMID: 38706574 PMCID: PMC11068506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Lifestyle behaviours have been linked to dementia incidence, but their cumulative impact on dementia and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the association of co-occurring lifestyle behaviours with dementia incidence and the mediating role of systemic inflammation in this association. Methods The sample comprised 3131 participants (55.2% female) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing aged 52-92 years at baseline (2008/09). Self-reported baseline lifestyle behaviours (alcohol intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking, physical activity, sleep duration, social engagement, and cognitive activity) were summed to derive an index of lifestyle behaviours, ranging from 0 to 7, with higher scores denoting a higher number of health-risk behaviours. Incident dementia cases (n = 130, 4.2%) were identified through doctor-diagnosed dementia, informant interviews, and health records between 2014/15 and 2018/19. Systemic inflammation was measured through fasting plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein in 2012/13. Results Binary logistic regression models indicated that the odds of subsequent dementia increased by 1.19 for each additional health-risk behaviour (95% confidence intervals: 1.04, 1.37, p = 0.014) after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, wealth, education, marital status, body mass index, coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and depression. However, this association was not mediated by C-reactive protein. Conclusions Co-occurring health-risk behaviours were associated with higher dementia incidence up to 10 years later, underscoring the importance of modifying health-risk behaviours for the prevention of dementia. Systemic inflammation did not explain the association between behaviours and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Hillari
- Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philipp Frank
- Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dorina Cadar
- Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Dementia Studies, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
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Mameno T, Moynihan P, Nakagawa T, Inagaki H, Akema S, Murotani Y, Takeuchi S, Kimura A, Okada Y, Tsujioka Y, Higashi K, Hagino H, Mihara Y, Kosaka T, Takahashi T, Wada M, Gondo Y, Kamide K, Akasaka H, Kabayama M, Ishizaki T, Masui Y, Ikebe K. Exploring the association between number of teeth, food intake, and cognitive function: A 9-year longitudinal study. J Dent 2024; 145:104991. [PMID: 38608831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the association between the number of teeth, food intake, and cognitive function in Japanese community-dwelling older adults. METHODS This 9-year longitudinal study included a total of 293 analyzable participants who participated in baseline and follow-up surveys. Dental status (number of teeth and periodontal pocket depth), dietary assessment using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire, cognitive function, and the following confounding factors were evaluated: educational level, financial satisfaction, living situation, smoking and drinking habits, history of chronic diseases, apolipoprotein E-ε4 carrier, body mass index, handgrip strength, instrumental activities of daily living, and depressive symptomatology. The Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment was used to evaluate cognitive function. A multinomial logistic regression analysis for the intake level of each food categorized into three groups (low, moderate, high), and a generalized estimating equation (GEE) for cognitive function over nine years were performed. RESULTS After controlling for confounding factors, the number of teeth was shown to be associated with the intake of green-yellow vegetables and meat. Furthermore, the GEE indicated that the lowest quartile of intake of green-yellow vegetables significantly associated with lower cognitive function (unstandardized regression coefficient [B] = -0.96, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: -1.72 to -0.20), and the lowest quartile of intake of meat significantly associated with lower cognitive function (B = -1.42, 95 % CI: -2.27 to -0.58). CONCLUSIONS The intake of green and yellow vegetables and meat, which is influenced by the number of teeth, was associated with cognitive function in Japanese community-dwelling older adults. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE There are few studies that have examined the association between oral health, food intake, and cognitive function. This 9-year longitudinal study suggests that it is important to maintain natural teeth to enable the functional means to consume green-yellow vegetables and meat, and thereby help maintain cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Mameno
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Paula Moynihan
- Adelaide Dental School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Takeshi Nakagawa
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obushi, Aichi 474-8511 Japan
| | - Hiroki Inagaki
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Suzuna Akema
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Murotani
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoko Takeuchi
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kimura
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshie Okada
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tsujioka
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kotaro Higashi
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Hagino
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mihara
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kosaka
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihito Takahashi
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Wada
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Gondo
- Department of Clinical Thanatology and Geriatric Behavioral Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Human Sciences, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kei Kamide
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akasaka
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mai Kabayama
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishizaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yukie Masui
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikebe
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Huang L, Zhao C, Gao M, Tao Y, Chen X, Chen H, Li F, Zheng Y, Lu M, Ma Y, Rong S, Yuan C. Associations of vegetable and fruit intake with cognitive function and its decline: Two longitudinal studies. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100223. [PMID: 38598978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies suggested protective associations of vegetables and fruits (VF) intake with cognitive function, but evidence on specific types of VF was insufficient. METHODS The current study included 4066 participants from 1997 to 2006 in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) and 6170 participants from 2013 to 2020 in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Dietary intake (using 3-day 24-h dietary recalls in CHNS and food frequency questionnaire in HRS) and cognitive function (using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-Modified, TICS-m) were measured. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the beta coefficients (β) and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the association of VF with cognitive function (z-score) and its decline. RESULTS Highest intake of total VF was associated with better cognitive function and slower cognitive decline. Differences in cognitive function z-score between the highest and lowest tertiles of VF consumption were 0.039 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.076) for CHNS and 0.063 (95% CI: 0.026, 0.100) for HRS. The corresponding differences in annual cognitive decline were 0.011 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.021) and 0.012 (95% CI: 0.003, 0.020) units respectively. Vegetables and fruits showed independent associations with cognitive function and its decline. In specific VF subgroups, when comparing the highest to the lowest tertile intake, cruciferous vegetables (β = 0.058, 95% CI: 0.017, 0.100 in CHNS and β = 0.067, 95% CI: 0.032, 0.101 in HRS) and green leafy vegetables (β = 0.036, 95% CI: -0.001, 0.073 in CHNS and β = 0.082, 95% CI: 0.046, 0.117 in HRS) was associated with better cognitive function in both cohorts. Similarly, higher intake of dark-colored vegetables (β = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.008, 0.030 for red/yellow vegetables in CHNS and β = 0.004, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.007 for green leafy vegetables in HRS) were associated with slower cognitive decline in subsequent years. Moreover, rigorous sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of the results. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the potential beneficial roles of VF, especially cruciferous vegetables, green leafy vegetables, and red/yellow vegetables, in maintaining cognitive function and slowing cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Huang
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Caifeng Zhao
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Mengyan Gao
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Yang Tao
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Fengping Li
- Department of Nutrition Hygiene and Toxicology, Academy of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Mengxi Lu
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Shuang Rong
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China.
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 30058, China; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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5
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Townsend R, Fairley A, Gregory S, Ritchie C, Stevenson E, Shannon OM. Nutrition for dementia prevention: a state of the art update for clinicians. Age Ageing 2024; 53:ii30-ii38. [PMID: 38745491 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afae030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Dementia prevalence continues to rise. It is therefore essential to provide feasible and effective recommendations to encourage healthy brain ageing and reduce dementia risk across the population. Appropriate nutrition represents a potential strategy to mitigate dementia risk and could be recommended by clinicians as part of mid-life health checks and other health initiatives to reduce dementia prevalence. The purpose of this review is to provide a clinician-focused update on the current state of the knowledge on nutrition and dementia prevention. METHODS Narrative review. RESULTS Strong evidence exists to support the consumption of healthy, plant-based dietary patterns (e.g. Mediterranean, MIND or Nordic diet) for maintaining cognitive function and reducing dementia risk in later life and is supported by dementia prevention guideline from leading public health bodies (e.g. World Health Organization). Emerging evidence suggests potential cognitive benefits of consuming specific nutrients/foods (e.g. n-3 fatty acids or fish, flavonols and B-vitamins) and multi-nutrient compounds (e.g. Fortasyn Connect). Challenges and opportunities for integrating nutritional/dietary interventions for dementia prevention into clinical practice are explored in this review. CONCLUSIONS Appropriate nutrition represents an important factor to help facilitate healthy cognitive ageing and allay dementia risk. The information provided in this article can help clinicians provide informed opinions on appropriate nutritional strategies as part of mid-life Health Checks and other risk reduction initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Townsend
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrea Fairley
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sarah Gregory
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Brain Sciences, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Craig Ritchie
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Brain Sciences, Edinburgh, UK
- Brain Health and Neurodegenerative Medicine, Mackenzie Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Emma Stevenson
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Oliver M Shannon
- Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Centre for Healthier Lives, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Qin A, Wu Y, Xin T, Xu L, Fu J. Lifestyle factors and subjective well‑being among older adults in China: A national community-based cohort study. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 57:232-242. [PMID: 38723544 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
There has been limited research on the relationship between health habits and subjective well-being (SWB) among Chinese oldest older adults. This study aims to explore lifestyle factors associated with SWB in this population. We analyzed data from three waves (2008-2014) of the CLHLS, including 28,683 older adults. Lifestyle factors analyzed included fruit and vegetable intake, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, and social participation. Results suggested that high frequency of fruit and vegetable intake, current and past physical exercise, and high levels of social participation were associated with increased SWB. SWB was lower in older adults who never smoked compared to persistent smokers and in those who never drank alcohol or ceased drinking compared to persistent drinkers. We encourage older adults to enhance SWB through increased fruit and vegetable intake, physical exercise, and social participation. However, quitting smoking and drinking may not necessarily improve SWB, particularly in the context of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afei Qin
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yupin Wu
- Nursing department of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; Blood Purification Center of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tianjiao Xin
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lingzhong Xu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Nursing department of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; Blood Purification Center of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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O'Dowd A, O'Connor DMA, Hirst RJ, Setti A, Kenny RA, Newell FN. Nutrition is associated with differences in multisensory integration in healthy older adults. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38386286 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2316446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Diet can influence cognitive functioning in older adults and is a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline. However, it is unknown if an association exists between diet and lower-level processes in the brain underpinning cognition, such as multisensory integration. We investigated whether temporal multisensory integration is associated with daily intake of fruit and vegetables (FV) or products high in fat/sugar/salt (FSS) in a large sample (N = 2,693) of older adults (mean age = 64.06 years, SD = 7.60; 56% female) from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). Older adults completed a Food Frequency Questionnaire from which the total number of daily servings of FV and FSS items respectively was calculated. Older adults' susceptibility to the Sound Induced Flash Illusion (SIFI) measured the temporal precision of audio-visual integration, which included three audio-visual Stimulus Onset Asynchronies (SOAs): 70, 150 and 230 ms. Older adults who self-reported a higher daily consumption of FV were less susceptible to the SIFI at the longest versus shortest SOAs (i.e. increased temporal precision) compared to those reporting the lowest daily consumption (p = .013). In contrast, older adults reporting a higher daily consumption of FSS items were more susceptible to the SIFI at the longer versus shortest SOAs (i.e. reduced temporal precision) compared to those reporting the lowest daily consumption (p < .001). The temporal precision of multisensory integration is differentially associated with levels of daily consumption of FV versus products high in FSS, consistent with broader evidence that habitual diet is associated with brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan O'Dowd
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Deirdre M A O'Connor
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rebecca J Hirst
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Annalisa Setti
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Gerontology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona N Newell
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Manocchio F, Bravo FI, Helfer G, Muguerza B. Cherries with Different Geographical Origins Regulate Neuroprotection in a Photoperiod-Dependent Manner in F344 Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:72. [PMID: 38247496 PMCID: PMC10812723 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The photoperiod is the main environmental cue that drives seasonal adaptive responses in reproduction, behavior, and metabolism in seasonal animals. Increasing evidence suggests that (poly)phenols contained in fruits can also modulate seasonal rhythms. (Poly)phenol-rich diets are associated with an improvement in cognitive function and neuroprotection due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. However, it is unknown whether cherries affect neuroprotection in a photoperiod-dependent manner. To test this, F344 rats were exposed to L6 (6 h light/day), L12 (12 h light/day) and L18 (18 h light/day) photoperiods and fed a standard chow diet supplemented with either a control, lyophilized cherry 1 or cherry 2 with distinctive phenolic hallmarks. Physiological parameters (body weight, eating pattern index (EPI), testosterone, T4/T3) and hypothalamic key genes (Dio2, Dio3, Raldh1 and Ghrh) were strongly regulated by the photoperiod and/or fruit consumption. Importantly, we show for the first time that neurotrophs (Bdnf, Sod1 and Gpx1) in the hippocampus are also regulated by the photoperiod. Furthermore, the consumption of cherry 2, which was richer in total flavonols, but not cherry 1, which was richer in total anthocyanins and flavanols, enhanced neuroprotection in the hippocampus. Our results show that the seasonal consumption of cherry with a specific phenolic composition plays an important role in the hippocampal activation of neuroprotection in a photoperiod-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Manocchio
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (F.M.); (B.M.)
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisca Isabel Bravo
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (F.M.); (B.M.)
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gisela Helfer
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (F.M.); (B.M.)
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology (TecnATox), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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9
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Kiuchi Y, Doi T, Tsutsumimoto K, Nakakubo S, Kurita S, Nishimoto K, Makizako H, Shimada H. Association between dietary diversity and cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:75-81. [PMID: 38115645 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to examine whether dietary diversity is associated with cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI), in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out in a general community setting. MCI and global cognitive impairment (GCI) were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination and National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool, which are multicomponent neurocognitive tests that include memory attention, executive function and processing speed. Dietary diversity was assessed using the diet variety score. The diet variety score assessed the 1-week consumption frequency of 10 food groups, and either 0 or 1 point was allocated to each category based on the following responses: (i) "eat almost every day" (1 point); and (ii) "not eaten almost daily" (0 points). Older adults with a diet variety score of ≥3 points were defined as having high dietary diversity. RESULTS Data included 8987 older adults (mean age 73.9 ± 5.5 years; men 44.3%). The overall prevalences of MCI and GCI were 17.1% (n = 1538) and 8.4% (n = 753), respectively. The proportion of patients with a high dietary diversity was 69.9% (n = 6286). Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed high dietary diversity was associated with MCI (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.73-0.94) and GCI (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.92) after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS This study had a large sample size of older Japanese adults, and showed that high dietary diversity was associated with a lower proportion of MCI and GCI among older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 75-81.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Sho Nakakubo
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kazuhei Nishimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Science Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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10
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Martemucci G, Fracchiolla G, Muraglia M, Tardugno R, Dibenedetto RS, D’Alessandro AG. Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review from the Oxidative Stress to the Management of Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2091. [PMID: 38136211 PMCID: PMC10740837 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing disorder affecting thousands of people worldwide, especially in industrialised countries, increasing mortality. Oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, dysbiosis, abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypertension are important factors linked to MS clusters of different pathologies, such as diabesity, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. All biochemical changes observed in MS, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, immune response, endothelial cell function and intestinal microbiota, promote pathological bridges between metabolic syndrome, diabesity and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to summarise metabolic syndrome's involvement in diabesity and highlight the link between MS and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. A better understanding of MS could promote a novel strategic approach to reduce MS comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Martemucci
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Fracchiolla
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Marilena Muraglia
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Roberta Tardugno
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Roberta Savina Dibenedetto
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
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11
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Gaudio S, Rukh G, Di Ciommo V, Berkins S, Wiemerslage L, Schiöth HB. Higher fresh fruit intake relates to larger grey matter volumes in areas involved in dementia and depression: A UK Biobank study. Neuroimage 2023; 283:120438. [PMID: 37918179 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The benefits of consuming fruits and vegetables are widely accepted. While previous studies suggest a protective role of fruits and vegetables against a variety of diseases such as dementia and depression, the biological mechanisms/effects remain unclear. Here we investigated the effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on brain structure. Particularly on grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes, regional GM volumes and subcortical volumes. Cross-sectional imaging data from UK Biobank cohort was used. A total of 9925 participants (Mean age 62.4 ± 7.5 years, 51.1 % men) were included in the present analysis. Measures included fruit and vegetable intake, other dietary patterns and a number of selected lifestyle factors and clinical data. Brain volumes were derived from structural brain magnetic resonance imaging. General linear model was used to study the associations between brain volumes and fruit/vegetable intakes. After adjusting for selected confounding factors, salad/raw vegetable intake showed a positive association with total white matter volume, fresh fruit intake showed a negative association with total grey matter (GM) volume. Regional GM analyses showed that higher fresh fruit intake was associated with larger GM volume in the left hippocampus, right temporal occipital fusiform cortex, left postcentral gyrus, right precentral gyrus, and right juxtapositional lobule cortex. We conclude that fruit and vegetable consumption seems to specifically modulate brain volumes. In particular, fresh fruit intake may have a protective role in specific cortical areas such as the hippocampus, areas robustly involved in the pathophysiology of dementia and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Gaudio
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Gull Rukh
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vincenzo Di Ciommo
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Samuel Berkins
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lyle Wiemerslage
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 593, 751 24, Uppsala, Sweden; Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Naseem Z, Mir SA, Wani SM, Rouf MA, Bashir I, Zehra A. Probiotic-fortified fruit juices: Health benefits, challenges, and future perspective. Nutrition 2023; 115:112154. [PMID: 37536023 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Consumers' growing interest in using foods that improve health has motivated researchers and the food industry to develop new functional products, such as foods containing probiotics or live microbes. Probiotics have functional attributes that could satisfy most basic nutritional and therapeutic supplementation requirements. These microbes positively respond to clinical therapies against diseases and illnesses such as rotavirus-associated diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, and food allergies. Moreover, the role of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of obesity, diabetes, cancer, and diseases related to pathogenic microbes is an exciting and rapidly advancing research arena. Probiotic supplementation usually involves dairy products. However, because of the growing number of individuals affected by lactose intolerance and/or vegans, other food matrices like fruits, vegetables, cereals, and so on, have been studied as potential carriers for these microorganisms, presenting an alternative and better source in the process of assessing novel probiotic strains. The present review discusses the various factors affecting the survival of probiotics during storage in fruit juices, the possible effect of probiotics on sensory attributes and the overall acceptance of the products, and future technologies to improve the viability of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahida Naseem
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, India
| | - Sajad Ahmad Mir
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar, India
| | - Sajad Mohd Wani
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, India.
| | - Molvi Abdul Rouf
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, India
| | - Iqra Bashir
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, India
| | - Aiman Zehra
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, India
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13
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Huang F, Marungruang N, Martinsson I, Camprubí Ferrer L, Nguyen TD, Gondo TF, Karlsson EN, Deierborg T, Öste R, Heyman-Lindén L. A mixture of Nordic berries improves cognitive function, metabolic function and alters the gut microbiota in C57Bl/6J male mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1257472. [PMID: 37854349 PMCID: PMC10580983 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1257472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Our diets greatly influence our health. Multiple lines of research highlight the beneficial properties of eating berries and fruits. In this study, a berry mixture of Nordic berries previously identified as having the potential to improve memory was supplemented to young C57Bl/6J male mice to investigate effects on cognition function, metabolic health, markers of neuroinflammation, and gut microbiota composition. C57Bl/6J male mice at the age of 8 weeks were given standard chow, a high-fat diet (HF, 60%E fat), or a high-fat diet supplemented with freeze-dried powder (20% dwb) of a mixture of Nordic berries and red grape juice (HF + Berry) for 18 weeks (n = 12 animals/diet group). The results show that supplementation with the berry mixture may have beneficial effects on spatial memory, as seen by enhanced performance in the T-maze and Barnes maze compared to the mice receiving the high-fat diet without berries. Additionally, berry intake may aid in counteracting high-fat diet induced weight gain and could influence neuroinflammatory status as suggested by the increased levels of the inflammation modifying IL-10 cytokine in hippocampal extracts from berry supplemented mice. Furthermore, the 4.5-month feeding with diet containing berries resulted in significant changes in cecal microbiota composition. Analysis of cecal bacterial 16S rRNA revealed that the chow group had significantly higher microbial diversity, as measured by the Shannon diversity index and total operational taxonomic unit richness, than the HF group. The HF diet supplemented with berries resulted in a strong trend of higher total OTU richness and significantly increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, which has been linked to protective effects on cognitive decline. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that intake of a Nordic berry mixture is a valuable strategy for maintaining and improving cognitive function, to be further evaluated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Huang
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Aventure AB, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Isak Martinsson
- Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lluís Camprubí Ferrer
- Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thao Duy Nguyen
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thamani Freedom Gondo
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Tomas Deierborg
- Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Lovisa Heyman-Lindén
- Berry Lab AB, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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14
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Fituri S, Shi Z. Association between Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function among Qatari Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Qatar Biobank Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4053. [PMID: 37764836 PMCID: PMC10537779 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the association between dietary patterns and cognitive function among Qatari adults. In a cross-sectional analysis, data on 1000 Qatari adults attending the Qatar Biobank Study (QBB) aged ≥18 years were obtained. Using factor analysis, dietary patterns were constructed based on habitual dietary intake assessed by food frequency questionnaires (FFQs). The mean reaction time (MRT) derived from self-administered touch screen tests was used as an indicator of cognitive function. The association between dietary patterns and MRT was investigated using linear regression. The mean age of the participants was 35.8 (SD 10.3) years, and the mean MRT was 715.3 (SD 204.1) milliseconds. Three dietary patterns were identified. The "traditional" dietary pattern, characterized by high intakes of white rice, mixed dishes and soups/starters possibly high in saturated fat and sodium, was positively associated with MRT. In the multivariable model, comparing the highest to lowest quartiles of the traditional pattern, the regression coefficient for MRT was 50.0 (95% CI 16.9, 83.1; p for trend 0.001). There was an effect modification of diabetes and age on the association between the "modern" dietary pattern and MRT. The "convenient" dietary pattern was not associated with cognition. In conclusion, the traditional rice-based dietary pattern may be associated with poor cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zumin Shi
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
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15
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Schaefer SM, Kaiser A, Eichner G, Fasshauer M. Association of sugar intake from different sources with incident dementia in the prospective cohort of UK Biobank participants. Nutr J 2023; 22:42. [PMID: 37661278 PMCID: PMC10476309 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00871-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is a common disease with around 55 million cases worldwide. Therefore, dietary changes and lifestyle interventions are important approaches to delay the progress of a decline in cognitive function. The study aims to explore the association of various sources of free sugars (FS) and intrinsic sugars with dementia risk in the prospective population-based UK Biobank cohort. METHODS Sugar consumption was assessed in 186,622 UK Biobank participants with at least one web-based dietary questionnaire (Oxford WebQ). Over a mean follow-up of 10.6 (standard deviation 1.1) years, 1498 incident dementia cases occurred. The hazard ratios (HR) for incident dementia were assessed with Cox proportional hazard regression models including sugar intake from different sources as penalized cubic splines to allow for non-linear predictor effects. RESULTS The intake of FS and intrinsic sugar was significantly associated with dementia risk in a J-shaped fashion with the HR-nadir observed at 9% and 8% total energy (%E), respectively. FS in beverages were significantly associated with dementia risk in an ascending approximately linear way, whereas no significant association was found for FS in solids. Assessing beverage subtypes, FS in soda/fruit drinks, milk-based drinks and to a lesser extent in juice were significantly and positively related to dementia risk, whereas no association was found for FS in tea/coffee. The association between sugar subtype consumption and dementia risk remained consistent in most sensitivity analyses but changed from a J-shape to a more linear shape when the analysis was restricted to participants with at least two Oxford WebQs. CONCLUSIONS A linear-shaped association between sugar subtype intake and dementia risk is most consistently found for FS in beverages and more specifically for FS in soda/fruit drinks, as well as in milk-based drinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylva M Schaefer
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Anna Kaiser
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gerrit Eichner
- Mathematical Institute, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mathias Fasshauer
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany
- Center for Sustainable Food Systems, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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16
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Ye KX, Sun L, Wang L, Khoo ALY, Lim KX, Lu G, Yu L, Li C, Maier AB, Feng L. The role of lifestyle factors in cognitive health and dementia in oldest-old: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 152:105286. [PMID: 37321363 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oldest-old is the fastest growing segment of society. A substantial number of these individuals are cognitively impaired or demented. Given the lack of a cure, attention is directed to lifestyle interventions that could help alleviate the stress in patients, their families, and society. The aim of this review was to identify lifestyle factors with important roles in dementia prevention in oldest-old. Searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science. We identified 27 observational cohort studies that met the inclusion criteria. Results showed that eating a healthy diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables, and participation in leisure and physical activities may protect against cognitive decline and cognitive impairment among oldest-old regardless of the APOE genotype. Combined lifestyles may generate multiplicative effects than individual factors. This is the first review known to systematically examine the association between lifestyle and cognitive health in oldest-old. Lifestyle interventions for diet, leisure, or a combination of lifestyles could be beneficial for cognitive function in oldest-old. Interventional studies are warranted to strengthen the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisy Xinhong Ye
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Lina Sun
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Anderson Li Yang Khoo
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Kai Xuan Lim
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Guohua Lu
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lirong Yu
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Changjiang Li
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Andrea Britta Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lei Feng
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore.
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17
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Haskell-Ramsay CF, Docherty S. Role of fruit and vegetables in sustaining healthy cognitive function: evidence and issues. Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:305-314. [PMID: 37092750 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123002999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Modifiable lifestyle factors, such as improved nutrition, are crucial in maintaining cognitive health in older age. Fruit and vegetables represent healthy and sustainable sources of nutrients with the potential to prevent age-related cognitive decline. The aim of this review is to synthesise the available evidence, from epidemiological and randomised controlled trials (RCT), regarding the role of fruit and vegetables in sustaining healthy cognitive function. Epidemiological studies of combined fruit and vegetable intake suggest that increased consumption may sustain cognition in later life. The evidence appears to be stronger for an association between vegetables and cognition, particularly for green leafy and cruciferous vegetables. Specific benefits shown for berries, citrus fruits, avocado and nuts suggest fruit is worthy of further investigation in relation to cognition. Data from RCT indicate benefits to differing aspects of cognition following citrus and berry fruits, cocoa and peanuts, but the data are limited and there are a lack of studies exploring effects of vegetables. There is growing evidence for an association between fruit and vegetable intake and cognitive function, but this is not always consistent and the data from RCT are limited. Issues in previous research are highlighted, such as strict exclusion criteria, absence of baseline nutritional status data and lack of consideration of individual differences, which may explain the weaker findings from RCT. Inclusion of those most at risk for cognitive decline is recommended in future nutrition and cognition research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Docherty
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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18
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Smith L, López Sánchez GF, Veronese N, Soysal P, Oh H, Kostev K, Rahmati M, Butler L, Gibson P, Keyes H, Barnett Y, Shin JI, Koyanagi A. Association of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption With Mild Cognitive Impairment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:1410-1416. [PMID: 36754373 PMCID: PMC10848221 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inadequate fruit and vegetable intake may be associated with cognitive decline but its association with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; a preclinical stage of dementia) is largely unknown. Therefore, we examined the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with MCI among middle-aged and older adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS Cross-sectional, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health were analyzed. MCI was defined using the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association criteria. Quintiles of vegetable and fruit consumption were created based on the number of servings consumed on a typical day. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS Data on 32 715 individuals aged ≥50 years were analyzed (mean [standard deviation] age 62.1 [15.6] years; 51.7% females). Greater fruit consumption was dose-dependently associated with lower odds for MCI. For example, the highest quintile (vs lowest) had 47% lower odds for MCI (odds ratio [OR] = 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.43-0.66). For vegetable consumption, compared to the lowest quintile, the second to fourth quintiles had significant 38%-44% lower odds for MCI but there was no significant difference for the highest quintile (OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.59-1.15). CONCLUSIONS Higher fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with lower odds for MCI among middle-aged and older adults from LMICs, but no significant differences were found between the highest and lowest quintiles of vegetable consumption. Future longitudinal studies are required to explore these findings in more depth, and mechanistic studies are required to elucidate on the observed possible U-shaped association between vegetable consumption and MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pinar Soysal
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - Laurie Butler
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Poppy Gibson
- Faculty of Education and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| | - Helen Keyes
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
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Hartnett KB, Ferguson BJ, Hecht PM, Schuster LE, Shenker JI, Mehr DR, Fritsche KL, Belury MA, Scharre DW, Horwitz AJ, Kille BM, Sutton BE, Tatum PE, Greenlief CM, Beversdorf DQ. Potential Neuroprotective Effects of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Stress in Alzheimer's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1096. [PMID: 37509132 PMCID: PMC10377362 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of individual potentially modifiable factors are associated with risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, less is known about the interactions between the individual factors. METHODS In order to begin to examine the relationship between a pair of factors, we performed a pilot study, surveying patients with AD and controls for stress exposure and dietary omega-3 fatty acid intake to explore their relationship for risk of AD. RESULTS For individuals with the greatest stress exposure, omega-3 fatty acid intake was significantly greater in healthy controls than in AD patients. There was no difference among those with low stress exposure. CONCLUSIONS These initial results begin to suggest that omega-3 fatty acids may mitigate AD risk in the setting of greater stress exposure. This will need to be examined with larger populations and other pairs of risk factors to better understand these important relationships. Examining how individual risk factors interact will ultimately be important for learning how to optimally decrease the risk of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn B Hartnett
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Bradley J Ferguson
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Department of Health Psychology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Patrick M Hecht
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Luke E Schuster
- School of Medicine, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Joel I Shenker
- Department of Neurology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - David R Mehr
- Family & Community Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Kevin L Fritsche
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Martha A Belury
- Department of Human Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Douglas W Scharre
- Department of Neurology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | | | - Briann E Sutton
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, William Carey University, Hattiesburg, MS 39401, USA
| | - Paul E Tatum
- Division of Palliative Medicine; Washington University. St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - David Q Beversdorf
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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Hashemi R, Vahabi Z, Rasekhi H, Shiraseb F, Amini M. Dietary patterns and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in an elderly Iranian population: a case-control study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:56. [PMID: 37322540 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that healthy eating patterns have a protective effect against cognitive decline and dementia, however, information about this relationship among non-western populations with different cultural environments is scarce. The present study investigated the association between dietary patterns (DPs) and cognitive function in the Iranian elderly. METHODS In this case-control study, the data of 290 elderly people in two groups of case and control (Mean age in case: 74.2 ± 8.6, in control: 67.3 ± 7.3 year) were analyzed. Two DPs of healthy and unhealthy were extracted from a 142-item dish-based food frequency questionnaire, and patterns driven by principal components analysis (PCA) of 25 food groups. Multivariate binary logistic regression calculated the odds ratio (OR) of cognitive impairment with adjustment for potential confounding factors. RESULTS A healthy DP, characterized by high consumption of fruits and vegetables, legumes, and nuts, was related to a decrease in the odds of Alzheimer's disease in Iranian elderly people. Also, moderate adherence to an unhealthy food pattern was associated with an increase in the probability of the disease; however, the association was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION In this elderly population, a healthy eating pattern was associated with reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Further prospective studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Hashemi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Vahabi
- Geriatric Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurology Division, CNS Department, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Hamid Rasekhi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Amini
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Jumat M, Duodu KG, van Graan A. Systematic Review of the Literature to Inform the Development of a South African Dietary Polyphenol Composition Database. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112426. [PMID: 37299389 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Comprehensively compiled dietary polyphenol data is required to compare polyphenol content between foods, calculate polyphenol intake and study its association with health and disease. The purpose of this review was to identify data on the presence and content of polyphenolic components in South African foods, with the aim of compiling the data into a database. An electronic literature search was conducted up until January 2020 using multiple databases. Additional literature was sourced from South African university repositories. A total of 7051 potentially eligible references were identified, of which 384 met the inclusion criteria. These studies provided information on food item name, geographical distribution, polyphenol type, quantity, and quantification method. Data for 1070 foods were identified, amounting to 4994 polyphenols. Spectrophotometry was the main method used for quantification of gross phenolic content in various assays such as total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu assay), total flavonoid content (AlCl3 assay) and condensed tannin content (vanillin-HCl assay). Phenolic acids and flavonoids were the main polyphenol classes identified. This review highlights that South Africa has abundant information on the polyphenol content of foods, which could be utilised within a food composition database for the estimation of polyphenol intake for South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malory Jumat
- Biostatistics Research Unit, South African Food Data System (SAFOODS) Division, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow Valley, Tygerberg 7505, Cape Town P.O. Box 19070, South Africa
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Kwaku Gyebi Duodu
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Averalda van Graan
- Biostatistics Research Unit, South African Food Data System (SAFOODS) Division, South African Medical Research Council, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow Valley, Tygerberg 7505, Cape Town P.O. Box 19070, South Africa
- Department of Global Health, Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, Cape Town P.O. Box 19063, South Africa
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22
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Yang Z, Wei C, Li X, Yuan J, Gao X, Li B, Zhao Z, Toh S, Yu X, Brayne C, Yang Z, Sha F, Tang J. Association Between Regular Laxative Use and Incident Dementia in UK Biobank Participants. Neurology 2023; 100:e1702-e1711. [PMID: 36813729 PMCID: PMC10115504 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The use of over-the-counter laxatives is common in the general population. The microbiome-gut-brain axis hypothesis suggests that the use of laxatives could be associated with dementia. We aimed to examine the association between the regular use of laxatives and the incidence of dementia in UK Biobank participants. METHODS This prospective cohort study was based on UK Biobank participants aged 40-69 years without a history of dementia. Regular use of laxatives was defined as self-reported use in most days of the week for the last 4 weeks at baseline (2006-2010). The outcomes were all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VD), identified from linked hospital admissions or death registers (up to 2019). Sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, medical conditions, family history, and regular medication use were adjusted for in the multivariable Cox regression analyses. RESULTS Among the 502,229 participants with a mean age of 56.5 (SD 8.1) years at baseline, 273,251 (54.4%) were female, and 18,235 (3.6%) reported regular use of laxatives. Over a mean follow-up of 9.8 years, 218 (1.3%) participants with regular use of laxatives and 1,969 (0.4%) with no regular use developed all-cause dementia. Multivariable analyses showed that regular use of laxatives was associated with increased risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 1.51; 95% CI 1.30-1.75) and VD (HR 1.65; 95% CI 1.21-2.27), with no significant association observed for AD (HR 1.05; 95% CI 0.79-1.40). The risk of both all-cause dementia and VD increased with the number of regularly used laxative types (p trend 0.001 and 0.04, respectively). Among the participants who clearly reported that they were using just 1 type of laxative (n = 5,800), only those using osmotic laxatives showed a statistically significantly higher risk of all-cause dementia (HR 1.64; 95% CI 1.20-2.24) and VD (HR 1.97; 95% CI 1.04-3.75). These results remained robust in various subgroup and sensitivity analyses. DISCUSSION Regular use of laxatives was associated with a higher risk of all-cause dementia, particularly in those who used multiple laxative types or osmotic laxative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Yang
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chang Wei
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinqiu Yuan
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuefeng Gao
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Bingyu Li
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Sengwee Toh
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Yu
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Carol Brayne
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zuyao Yang
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Feng Sha
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jinling Tang
- From the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (Zhirong Yang, C.W., Z.Z., F.S., J.T.), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China; Primary Care Unit (Zhirong Yang), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Population Medicine (X.L., S.T.), Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Center for Digestive Disease (J.Y.), The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Central Laboratory (X.G.), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen University General Hospital; School of Government (B.L.), Shenzhen University, Guangdong; Peking University Sixth Hospital (X.Y.), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; Cambridge Public Health (C.B.), School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology (Zuyao Yang, J.T.), The JC School of Public Health & Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong; and Clinical Data Center (J.T.), Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
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23
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Tang J, Chen A, He F, Shipley M, Nevill A, Coe H, Hu Z, Zhang T, Kan H, Brunner E, Tao X, Chen R. Association of air pollution with dementia: a systematic review with meta-analysis including new cohort data from China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 223:115048. [PMID: 36529331 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It remains unclear whether a total exposure to air pollution (AP) is associated with an increased risk of dementia. Little is known on the association in low- and middle-income countries. Two cohort studies in China (in Anhui cohort 1402 older adults aged ≥ 60 followed up for 10 years; in Zhejiang cohort 6115 older adults followed up for 5 years) were conducted to examine particulate matter - PM2.5 associated with all dementia and air quality index (AQI) with Alzheimer's disease, respectively. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis was performed following worldwide literature searched until May 20, 2020 to identify 15 population-based cohort studies examining the association of AP with dementia (or any specific type of dementia) through PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, CINHAL, and CNKI. The cohort studies in China showed a significantly increased relative risk (RR) of dementia in relation to AP exposure; in Anhui cohort the adjusted RR was 2.14 (95% CI 1.00-4.56) in people with PM2.5 exposure at ≥ 64.5 μg/m3 versus <63.5 μg/m3 and in Zhejiang cohort the adjusted RR was 2.28 (1.07-4.87) in AQI>90 versus ≤ 80. The systematic review revealed that all 15 studies were undertaken in high income countries/regions, with inconsistent findings. While they had reasonably good overall quality of studies, seven studies did not adjust smoking in analysis and 13 did not account for depression. Pooling all eligible data demonstrated that dementia risk increased with the total AP exposure (1.13, 1.08-1.19). Data analysis of air pollutants showed that the RR significantly increased with PM2.5 (1.06, 1.03-1.10 in 2nd tertile exposure; 1.13, 1.07-1.19 in 3rd tertile versus 1st tertile), PM10 (1.05, 0.86-1.29; 1.62, 0.60-4.36), carbon monoxide (1.69, 0.72-3.93; 1.52, 1.35-1.71), nitrogen dioxide (1.06, 1.03-1.09; 1.18, 1.10-1.28) and nitrogen oxides (1.09, 1.04-1.15; 1.26, 1.13-1.41), but not ozone. Controlling air pollution and targeting on specific pollutants would reduce dementia globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anthony Chen
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Middlesex University, UK
| | - Fan He
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Martin Shipley
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
| | - Alan Nevill
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Hugh Coe
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Zhi Hu
- School of Health Administration, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, China
| | - Eric Brunner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
| | - Xuguang Tao
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, John Hopkins University, USA
| | - Ruoling Chen
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK; Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, John Hopkins University, USA.
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24
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Hammond J, Schneiderhan J, Taylor L, Marks A. Off the Beaten Path: Caring for People Engaging in Potentially Unsafe Low Evidence Therapies. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2023; 40:129-135. [PMID: 35531986 DOI: 10.1177/10499091221101181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Palliative care clinicians regularly care for patients with serious illnesses, many of whom are engaging in the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) either alone or along with conventional medical therapies. A subset of these patients may be engaging in therapies that have little or no evidence for efficacy and carry significant potential risks to their health. These therapies, however, may carry a great deal of significance for the patient and family for whom conventional medicine has failed or is otherwise deemed untenable. Dismissing such therapies as "quackery" risks alienating patients and damaging or even severing a therapeutic relationship. When faced with patients who are engaging in potentially unsafe low-evidence therapies (PULETs), clinicians themselves may experience a great deal of moral distress when deciding how to balance supporting the hope PULETs may represent with the principles of nonmaleficence and autonomy. In this article, we will review the definition of PULETs and distinguish them from most CAM therapies. Drawing upon existing writings in the CAM literature, we will then review a framework to evaluate the relative risk/benefit ratio of such therapies followed by a review of the ethical and legal aspects of care. Finally, utilizing existing principles and tools in emotion-based communication, we present a communication approach to foster continued collaboration and care for patients who engage in PULETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hammond
- 12266University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jill Schneiderhan
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laura Taylor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Adam Marks
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Chen H, Chen J, Cao Y, Sun Y, Huang L, Ji JS, Voortman T, Vernooij MW, Shen J, Zheng Y, Zong G, Yuan C. Sugary beverages and genetic risk in relation to brain structure and incident dementia: a prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:672-680. [PMID: 36781080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relation of intake of sugary beverages and genetic predisposition to the long-term risk of dementia and brain structure remains unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the associations of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), artificially-sweetened beverages (ASBs), and natural juices (NJs) and the genetic predisposition with dementia risk and brain structure. METHODS We included 177,926 UK Biobank participants without dementia at baseline and followed them until March 2021. Intake of SSBs, ASBs, and NJs was assessed using repeated web-based 24-h dietary recalls from 2009 to 2012. We calculated a polygenic risk score (PRS) to indicate genetic predisposition of dementia for each individual. We estimated the HRs and 95% CIs using Cox proportional hazard models for dementia risk and β coefficients and 95% CIs using linear models for brain imaging markers. RESULTS During study follow-up (mean = 9.5 years), 1293 participants developed dementia (69.1 cases/100,000 person-years) excluding dementia cases within the first 2 years. Higher intake of SSBs and ASBs (>2 units/d compared with none) was each associated with a higher risk of dementia (HR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.77; P-trend = 0.040 for SSBs and 1.20; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.72; P-trend = 0.004 for ASBs). In contrast, moderate intake of NJs (>0-1 unit/d compared with none) was related to a lower dementia risk (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.87), a larger volume of brain gray matter (β = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.08), and a lower volume of white matter hyperintensities (β = -0.07; 95% CI: -0.11, -0.03). The associations were not significantly modified by genetic risk (P-interactions = 0.839 for SSB × PRS, 0.732 for ASB × PRS, and 0.950 for NJ × PRS). CONCLUSIONS Higher SSB and ASB intake was associated with higher risk of dementia, and moderate NJ intake was associated with a lower risk of dementia. Am J Clin Nutr 20XX;xx:xx-xx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaying Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhao Sun
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liyan Huang
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - John S Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng Zong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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26
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Beversdorf DQ, Crosby HW, Shenker JI. Complementary and Alternative Medicine Approaches in Alzheimer Disease and Other Neurocognitive Disorders. MISSOURI MEDICINE 2023; 120:70-78. [PMID: 36860601 PMCID: PMC9970340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
As our population ages, there is interest in delaying or intervening in cognitive decline. While newer agents are under development, agents in mainstream use do not impact the course of diseases that cause cognitive decline. This increases interest in alternative strategies. Even as we welcome possible new disease-modifying agents, they are likely to remain costly. Herein, we review the evidence behind other complementary and alternative strategies for cognitive enhancement and prevention of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Q Beversdorf
- Departments of Neurology, Radiology, and Psychological Sciences, and is the William and Nancy Thompson Endowed Chair in Radiology, , University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Haley W Crosby
- Fourth-year medical student at the School of Medicine, , University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Joel I Shenker
- Department of Neurology, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri
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Wang Y, Haskell-Ramsay C, Gallegos JL, Lodge JK. Effects of chronic consumption of specific fruit (berries, cherries and citrus) on cognitive health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:7-22. [PMID: 35444267 PMCID: PMC9876789 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The cognitive-protective effects related to the consumption of a variety of fruits are supported by several intervention studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the magnitude of effects following chronic (≥1 week) consumption of frozen, freeze-dried powder including extracts and juices of fruits, covering berries, cherries and citrus, on cognition and mood in adults. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and psycARTICLES were searched from inception until February, 2021. Inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials assessing memory, executive function, psychomotor speed, mood and mini mental state examination in adult participants ≥18 years of age. Cognition was tested by global or domain specific tasks. RESULTS Out of 13,861 articles identified, 16 papers were included; 11 studies provided suitable data for meta-analysis. Fourteen studies reported improvement or trend for improvement in cognition, five studies assessed mood and one study supplementing grape juice found trend for mood improvement. From the meta-analysis, cherry juice supplementation was suggested to improve psychomotor speed by -0.37 of standardised mean difference (95% CI [-0.74, 0.01]) in reaction time (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis did not sufficiently support a role for fruits or fruit forms to improve cognition and mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Wang
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Crystal Haskell-Ramsay
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Jose Lara Gallegos
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - John K Lodge
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
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Effect of a Vegan Diet on Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314924. [PMID: 36499257 PMCID: PMC9738978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence indicating that a vegan diet could be beneficial in the prevention of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the positive and negative aspects of a vegan diet regarding the risk of AD. Regarding AD prevention, a vegan diet includes low levels of saturated fats and cholesterol, contributing to a healthy blood lipid profile. Furthermore, it is rich in phytonutrients, such as vitamins, antioxidants, and dietary fiber, that may help prevent cognitive decline. Moreover, a vegan diet contributes to the assumption of quercetin, a natural inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO), which can contribute to maintaining mental health and reducing AD risk. Nonetheless, the data available do not allow an assessment of whether strict veganism is beneficial for AD prevention compared with vegetarianism or other diets. A vegan diet lacks specific vitamins and micronutrients and may result in nutritional deficiencies. Vegans not supplementing micronutrients are more prone to vitamin B12, vitamin D, and DHA deficiencies, which have been linked to AD. Thus, an evaluation of the net effect of a vegan diet on AD prevention and/or progression should be ascertained by taking into account all the positive and negative effects described here.
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29
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Wang X, Li T, Ding H, Liu Y, Liu X, Yu K, Xiao R, Xi Y. The role of dietary patterns and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid patterns on mild cognitive impairment. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1005857. [PMID: 36407514 PMCID: PMC9673906 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1005857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary fatty acids have been shown to be associated with the development of cognition. However, research on the role of fatty acid intake in dietary patterns and fatty acid patterns (FAPs) in the development of cognitive function is limited. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between dietary patterns and FAPs and to provide available evidence for preventing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) through these patterns. Materials and methods The 973 participants aged between 65 and 85 were recruited from 2020 to 2021 for this multicenter research in Beijing. Neuropsychological tests were used for cognitive evaluation, and data of dietary intake in the past 12 months were collected with semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The erythrocyte membrane fatty acid profile was tested by chromatography and mass spectrometry lipid profiling. Factor analysis was used to derive the main dietary patterns and FAPs. Pearson’s correlation or Spearman’s correlation was used to explore the association between dietary patterns and FAPs. Binary logistic regression was applied to examine the relationship between patterns and cognitive function. Results Six dietary patterns and six FAPs were identified, explaining 53.4 and 80.9% of the total variance separately. After adjusting all potential confounders, T3 of the pattern 1 and FAP2 were the independent protect factors for MCI, respectively (OR 0.601, 95% CI [0.395, 0.914]; OR 0.108, 95% CI [0.019, 0.623]). Rich of SM (26:0), SM (24:1), and SM (26:1) is the characteristic of FAP2. A positive correlation was found between component scores of dietary pattern1 and FAP2 (r = 0.441, p = 0.001). People who adhered to a reasonable intake of animal flesh consumed more various long-chain fatty acids as well. Conclusion The erythrocyte membrane metabolites, SM (26:0), SM (24:1), and SM (26:1), might function as early biomarkers for predicting or monitoring of cognitive aging in the elderly. The dietary pattern with recommended animal flesh consumption was significantly associated with FAP characterized by very long-chain SMs. This dietary pattern affected FAP, which might achieve the ultimate goal of neuroprotection through the very long-chain SMs. A rational intake of dietary fatty acids might be an effective way on preventing MCI in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huini Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Liu
- Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | | | - Kang Yu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuandi Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuandi Xi,
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Stefaniak O, Dobrzyńska M, Drzymała-Czyż S, Przysławski J. Diet in the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Research Requirements. Nutrients 2022; 14:4564. [PMID: 36364826 PMCID: PMC9656789 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disease that is becoming a major health problem in today's world due to the aging population. Despite it being widely known that diet has a significant impact on the prevention and progression of Alzheimer's disease, the literature data are still scarce and controversial. The application of the principles of rational nutrition for the elderly is suggested for Alzheimer's disease. The diet should be rich in neuroprotective nutrients, i.e., antioxidants, B vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Some studies suggest that diets such as the Mediterranean diet, the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, and the MIND (Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) diet have a beneficial effect on the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Małgorzata Dobrzyńska
- Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Rokietnicka 3 Street, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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31
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Malek Rivan NF, Shahar S, Fakhruddin NNINM, You YX, Che Din N, Rajikan R. The effect of dietary patterns on mild cognitive impairment and dementia incidence among community-dwelling older adults. Front Nutr 2022; 9:901750. [PMID: 36003836 PMCID: PMC9395130 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.901750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have shown that dietary patterns have beneficial health effects on cognitive function. However, information on this relationship is presently limited, particularly among older adults. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effects of dietary patterns on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia incidence among Malaysian community-dwelling older adults. In this prospective cohort study, a total of 280 participants aged 60 years and above were included in the 5-year follow-up analysis. Participants' sociodemographic, medical history, anthropometry, blood pressure, body composition, biochemical indices, cognitive assessments, psychosocial functions, functional status, and dietary intake were obtained. MCI was classified based on Petersen criteria, whereas dementia status was assessed using clinical dementia rating (CDR). Univariate analysis was performed for all variables, followed by multinomial regression analysis to identify the ability of dietary patterns in predicting the incidence of MCI and dementia. After controlling for confounding factors, the findings indicated that "local snacks-fish and seafood-high salt foods" dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of MCI incidence, where the T3 [adjusted OR = 3.943 (95% CI: 1.212-12.832), p = 0.032] had the highest OR compared to T2 [adjusted OR = 3.252 (95% CI: 1.108-9.546), p = 0.023]. Meanwhile, a negative association across the tertiles of tropical fruits-oats dietary pattern and dementia incidence was observed [T2: adjusted OR = 0.152 (95% CI: 0.026-0.871), p = 0.034; T3: Adjusted OR = 0.101 (95% CI: 0.011-0.967), p = 0.047]. In conclusion, specific dietary patterns, particularly "local snacks-fish and seafoods-high salt foods," were shown to increase the risk of MCI, while increasing intakes of "tropical fruits-oats" dietary patterns would protect against the dementia incidence among Malaysian older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Fatin Malek Rivan
- Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Dietetics Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nik Nur Izzati Nik Mohd Fakhruddin
- Dietetics Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Xing You
- Dietetics Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Normah Che Din
- Health Psychology Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Roslee Rajikan
- Dietetics Programme, Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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32
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ALNasser MN, Mellor IR, Carter WG. A Preliminary Assessment of the Nutraceutical Potential of Acai Berry ( Euterpe sp.) as a Potential Natural Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2022; 27:4891. [PMID: 35956841 PMCID: PMC9370152 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by progressive neuronal atrophy and the loss of neuronal function as a consequence of multiple pathomechanisms. Current AD treatments primarily operate at a symptomatic level to treat a cholinergic deficiency and can cause side effects. Hence, there is an unmet need for healthier lifestyles to reduce the likelihood of AD as well as improved treatments with fewer adverse reactions. Diets rich in phytochemicals may reduce neurodegenerative risk and limit disease progression. The native South American palm acai berry (Euterpe oleraceae) is a potential source of dietary phytochemicals beneficial to health. This study aimed to screen the nutraceutical potential of the acai berry, in the form of aqueous and ethanolic extracts, for the ability to inhibit acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase (ChE) enzymes and scavenge free radicals via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) or 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assays. In addition, this study aimed to quantify the acai berry's antioxidant potential via hydrogen peroxide or hydroxyl scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and the ability to reduce ferric ions. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were also determined. Acai aqueous extract displayed a concentration-dependent inhibition of acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase enzymes. Both acai extracts displayed useful concentration-dependent free radical scavenging and antioxidant abilities, with the acai ethanolic extract being the most potent antioxidant and displaying the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents. In summary, extracts of the acai berry contain nutraceutical components with anti-cholinesterase and antioxidant capabilities and may therefore provide a beneficial dietary component that limits the pathological deficits evidenced in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam N. ALNasser
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box No. 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
- School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Ian R. Mellor
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Wayne G. Carter
- School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK
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Zhou Y, Wang J, Cao L, Shi M, Liu H, Zhao Y, Xia Y. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Cognitive Disorders in Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:871061. [PMID: 35795585 PMCID: PMC9251442 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.871061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the quantitative associations between fruit and vegetable intake and cognitive disorders in older adults.DesignA meta-analysis.Setting and ParticipantsWe used the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases for a literature search to 12 April 2022. We preliminarily retrieved 11,759 studies, 16 of which met the inclusion criteria including six cross-sectional studies, nine cohort studies and one case-control study, incorporating 64,348 participants and 9,879 cases.MethodsUsing the three databases, we identified observational studies exploring the association. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effects model.ResultsSixteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, and the results showed that increased fruit and vegetable consumption in older adults was associated with a decline in the prevalence of cognitive disorders (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.76–0.83). Moreover, intake of fruits (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.77–0.89) and vegetables (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.70–0.80) alone were both associated with a lower prevalence of cognitive disorders. Subgroup analyses indicated that the intake of fruits and vegetables was associated with the prevalence of cognitive impairment (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.76–0.80) and dementia (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.78–0.91) but not Alzheimer’s disease (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.76–1.01).Conclusion and ImplicationsOur meta-analysis provides evidence that the intake of fruits and vegetables is inversely proportional and linearly associated with the prevalence of cognitive disorders in older adults. Future research is required to further investigate the preventive effects of the frequency, quantity, and duration of eating vegetables and fruits on cognitive disorders in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jieyuan Wang
- Tibet Military Region Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of PLA, Tibet, China
| | - Limin Cao
- The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengyuan Shi
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huiyuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Xia, ;
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ALNasser MN, Mellor IR. Neuroprotective activities of acai berries (Euterpe sp.): A review. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2022.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary interventions rich in fruits and vegetables in aging people can reverse or mitigate age-related cognitive declines, delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), and provide long-term health dividends. The novel food, popularly known as "Acai", is a berry belonging to the Euterpe genus of tropical palms trees and natively found in South America. Euterpe oleracea has been given much attention among scientists due to its high antioxidant capacity compared to other fruits and berries. Additionally, acai pulp composition analysis found that it contains various biologically active phytochemicals. In this review, we focused on current evidence relating to acai berry neuroprotection mechanisms and its efficacy in preventing or reversing neurodegeneration and age-related cognitive decline. A number of studies have illustrated the potential neuroprotective properties of acai berries. They have shown that their chemical extracts have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and maintain proteins, calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial function. Moreover, acai berry extract offers other neuromodulatory mechanisms, including anticonvulsant, antidepressant, and anti-aging properties. This neuromodulation gives valuable insights into the acai pulp and its considerable pharmacological potential on critical brain areas involved in memory and cognition. The isolated chemical matrix of acai berries could be a new substitute in research for NDD medicine development. However, due to the limited number of investigations, there is a need for further efforts to establish studies that enable progressing to clinical trials to consequently prove and ratify the therapeutic potential of this berry for several incurable NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam N. ALNasser
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ian R. Mellor
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Stangierska D, Kowalczuk I, Widera K, Olewnicki D, Latocha P. Innovation as a Factor Increasing Fruit Consumption: The Case of Poland. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061246. [PMID: 35334903 PMCID: PMC8955267 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the low level of fruit consumption in relation to dietary recommendations in many European countries, including Poland, multidirectional actions should be taken to increase the consumption of these products. One of the ideas could be the introduction of innovative products. The main goal of the study is to determine the relationship between consumer propensity to purchase innovative products and the frequency of consumption of fruits and their preserves of consumers. The research sample consisted of 600 respondents who declared to consume fruit and were responsible for food shopping in their households. The results obtained indicate that consumers with a higher propensity to purchase innovative products consumed fruit and fruit preserves more. In addition, statistically significant differences were found between innovators and non-innovators in terms of income, expenditures on fruit purchases, places where fruit and fruit preserves were purchased and product characteristics that determined the purchase decision. The logistic regression results indicate that a higher frequency of supermarket/hypermarket and online shopping, a higher weekly spending on fruit and a greater importance attributed to the biodegradability of the packaging increased the favorability of innovation relatively to fruit products (by 23.8%, 31.4%, 32.7% and 21.6%, respectively). The relationships found may have important implications for both private and public stakeholders in the fruit and vegetable sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Stangierska
- Department of Pomology and Horticulture Economics, Institute of Horticulture Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warszawa, Poland; (D.S.); (D.O.)
| | - Iwona Kowalczuk
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Widera
- Department of Economics, Finance, Regional and International Research, Faculty of Economics and Management, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland;
| | - Dawid Olewnicki
- Department of Pomology and Horticulture Economics, Institute of Horticulture Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warszawa, Poland; (D.S.); (D.O.)
| | - Piotr Latocha
- Department of Environmental Protection and Dendrology, Institute of Horticulture Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
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Margara-Escudero HJ, Zamora-Ros R, de Villasante I, Crous-Bou M, Chirlaque MD, Amiano P, Mar J, Barricarte A, Ardanaz E, Huerta JM. Association Between Egg Consumption and Dementia Risk in the EPIC-Spain Dementia Cohort. Front Nutr 2022; 9:827307. [PMID: 35284440 PMCID: PMC8906465 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.827307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current evidence suggests that egg composition might have potential neuroprotective effects. Our aim was to determine the association between egg consumption and the risk of dementia in a Mediterranean population. Methods This study was carried out in 3 centers from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Spain Dementia Cohort, i.e., 25,015 participants aged 30–70 years, recruited in 1992–1996, and followed up for a mean of 21.5 years. Results A total of 774 incident dementia cases were diagnosed and validated, of which 518 were Alzheimer's disease (AD). Data on egg consumption were estimated using a validated dietary history questionnaire at recruitment. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for confounders, were used in the analyses. No association was observed between egg consumption and either total dementia [hazard ratio between extreme quartiles (HRQ4vs.Q1: 1.05; 95% CI 0.85–1.31; p-trend = 0.93)] or AD (HRQ4vs.Q1 0.93; 95% CI 0.72–1.21; p-trend = 0.50) risks. After dividing the population by adherence to the relative Mediterranean diet (rMED) score, a borderline inverse association was found between egg intake and both total dementia (HRQ4vs.Q1: 0.52; 95% CI 0.30–0.90; p-trend = 0.10) and AD (HRQ4vs.Q1: 0.52; 95% CI 0.27–1.01; p-trend = 0.13) risks within participants with low adherence to rMED score. However, no association was observed in participants with medium and high adherence to rMED score. Conclusion This prospective study suggests that egg consumption is associated with a reduced risk of dementia, and specifically of AD, in the adult population with low adherence to rMED score; whereas it has no impact in subjects with moderate and high MD adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernando J. Margara-Escudero
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Raul Zamora-Ros
| | - Izar de Villasante
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Crous-Bou
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Javier Mar
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
- Research Unit, Basque Health Service (Osakidetza), Debagoiena Integrated Healthcare Organisation, Arrasate-Mondragón, Spain
- Group of Economic Evaluation of Chronic Diseases, Kronikgune Health Services Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Group of Epidemiology of Cancer and Other Chronic Diseases, Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Group of Epidemiology of Cancer and Other Chronic Diseases, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Group of Epidemiology of Cancer and Other Chronic Diseases, Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Group of Epidemiology of Cancer and Other Chronic Diseases, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Fan YC, Chou CC, Bintoro BS, Pan WH, Bai CH. Combined Effect of Inflammation and Hyperglycemia on Mild Cognitive Impairment and Associated Dietary Patterns in an Older Taiwanese Population. Front Nutr 2022; 9:791929. [PMID: 35252292 PMCID: PMC8895042 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.791929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated that C-reactive protein (CRP) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are independently associated with neurodegenerative diseases, which can be improved by altering dietary patterns. This study investigates the combined effect of CRP and HbA1c, as well as the influence of dietary patterns, on the risk of dementia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 536 participants aged ≥65 years who were recruited from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan between 2014 and 2016. The high levels of inflammation and glycation were defined as a CRP level of >0.21 mg/dl and a HbA1c level of ≥6.50%, respectively. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. The dietary patterns associated with CRP and HbA1c levels were assessed using the reduced rank regression (RRR). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of both complete and imputed datasets was performed.ResultsParticipants with high levels of both CRP and HbA1c were associated with the highest odds ratio (OR) of MCI (adjusted OR [aOR] = 3.52; 95% CI = 3.48, 3.56; p < 0.001), followed by a high level of only HbA1c (aOR = 1.73; p < 0.001) and a high level of CRP (aOR = 1.49; p < 0.001). Using the reduced rank regression, an inverse relationship between higher consumption nuts and seeds and lower levels of CRP and HbA1c was found (both factors loading < −0.2). Concerning the combined effect of tertiles among the factor 1 and factor 2 analyzed by dietary patterns, group 1 with both T3 (high tertiles) was associated with the greatest OR of MCI (aOR = 4.38; 95% CI = 4.34, 4.42; p < 0.001) using multiple imputation.ConclusionsThe combined effect of high levels of inflammation and hyperglycemia was associated with an increased likelihood of MCI. Moreover, dietary patterns positively related to inflammation and hyperglycemia were associated with MCI, while eating nuts and seeds promoted better cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Fan
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Chou
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Bagas Suryo Bintoro
- International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Health Behavior, Environment, and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Center of Health Behavior and Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Huey Bai
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chyi-Huey Bai
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Effect of Dietary Grapes on Female C57BL6/J Mice Consuming a High-Fat Diet: Behavioral and Genetic Changes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020414. [PMID: 35204296 PMCID: PMC8868599 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Adverse effects of a chronic high-fat diet (HFD) on murine behavior, cognition, and memory are well established. Polyphenols such as resveratrol, anthocyanins, and flavonoids, that are known for antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, are present in grapes. The objective of this work was to determine if the dietary intake of grapes has the potential of alleviating HFD-induced deficiencies. (2) Methods: The effect of dietary grape intake was studied using behavioral assays and high throughput genome-wide RNA transcriptome analyses with female C57BL6/J mice. (3) Results: Mice that were fed a HFD from 3-weeks of age showed anxiety-like behaviors compared with the standard diet (STD). This HFD-induced effect was attenuated by supplementing the HFD with 1% grape powder (HF1G) (open field test). Similar results were observed with the novel object recognition test; there was a significant difference in time spent exploring a novel object between the HFD and the HF1G groups. There was no significant difference between the HFD1G and the STD groups. Based on the RNA-Seq analysis, genetic expression in the brain varied as a result of diet, with 210, 360, and 221 uniquely expressed genes in the STD, HFD, and HF1G groups, respectively. Cluster analysis revealed that the HFIG group mapped more closely with the STD group than the HFD group. Focusing on some specific areas, based on genetic expression, Dopamine receptor 2 (Drd2) was increased in the HFD group and normalized in the HF1G group, relative to the STD group. In addition, as judged by cluster hierarchy, the expression of genes that are associated with the dopamine receptor 2 pathway were increased in the HFD group, whereas the pattern that was derived from mouse brain from the HF1G group showed greater similarity to the STD group. KEGG pathway analyses were consistent with these results. For example, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction (KEGG ID: mmu04080) was altered due to HFD compared with STD, but normalized by grape supplementation or the HFD; there was no significant difference between the STD and HF1G groups. In addition, the expression of genes related to feeding behavior, such as Adora2a, Th, and Trh, were also increased in the HFD group compared with the STD group, and attenuated by grape supplementation. (4) Conclusions: Dietary grape consumption has positive effects on behavior and cognition that are impaired by a HFD. Attenuation of these effects correlates with global transcriptional changes in mouse brain.
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Huang Q, Jiang H, Zhang J, Jia X, Huang F, Wang H, Zhang B, Wang L, Gu M, Huang Y, Shi W, Ma Y, Zhang X, Wang Z. Dietary Patterns Are Associated With Multi-Dimensional Cognitive Functions Among Adults Aged 55 and Older in China. Front Nutr 2022; 9:806871. [PMID: 35252296 PMCID: PMC8891750 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.806871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe intake of certain food and nutrients may play a crucial role in cognitive health. However, research on the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function is limited. This study aims to investigate the associations between dietary patterns and multi-dimensional cognitive functions, such as global cognitive status and related domain profiles, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and four major subtypes of Chinese adults.MethodsUsing the baseline data from the Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Diseases (2018–2019), we selected 4,309 Chinese adults aged 55 years and older as subjects with complete diet, cognition, and other related data. We collected food data for the past 12 months with a valid semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Diving 49 food items into 13 subgroups, we used factor analysis to derive the main dietary patterns. We evaluated cognitive functions based on the scores of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and used quantile regression and multivariable logistic regression to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive-related outcomes.ResultsWe identified four dietary patterns, explaining 50.11% of the total variance: “meat-preferred” pattern, “plant-preferred” pattern, “eggs- and dairy-preferred” pattern, and “grain-preferred” pattern. After adjusting for all potential confounders, the “meat-preferred” pattern and the “plant-preferred” pattern were associated with higher scores of global cognition and several cognitive domains (p <0.05), while the “grain-preferred” pattern was associated with lower scores of global cognition (β = −0.36, p <0.05), execution (β = −0.19, p <0.05), visuospatial (β = −0.09, p <0.05), and language (β = −0.05, p <0.05). Adults adhering to the “meat-preferred” pattern and the “plant-preferred” pattern had decreased odds of MCI and some MCI subtypes (p-trend <0.05); in contrast, those in the top quartiles of the “grain-preferred” pattern had increased odds of MCI [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.11–1.63, p-trend = 0.003].ConclusionsAdhering to the “plant-preferred” pattern and the “meat-preferred” pattern may help improve the multi-dimensional cognitive functions; on the contrary, adhering to the “grain-preferred” pattern may worse cognitive health. More prospective studies in this field are needed to strengthen the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumin Huang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hongru Jiang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jiguo Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Jia
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Liusen Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Minxia Gu
- Ninghai Country Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuelong Huang
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xian, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinjing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhihong Wang
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Higher fruit and vegetable variety associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese community-dwelling older men: a 4-year cohort study. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:1791-1799. [PMID: 35031888 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few studies have examined the variety in fruit and vegetable (FV) intake with cognitive impairment in older adults. This study examined the associations of variety in fruit, vegetable and combined FV with 4-year incident cognitive impairment in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. METHODS Data was derived from a cohort study among Chinese community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years in Hong Kong. At baseline, a validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess variety in fruit, vegetable and combined FV. Cognitive impairment was defined as a Community Screening Instrument of Dementia score of < 29.5 points and/or Mini-Mental State Examination score of < 27 points. Adjusted multiple logistic regression was performed to examine the associations. Results are presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Of the 1518 participants [median age: 70 years (IQR 68-74), 32.7% women] included at baseline, 300 men and 111 women were newly identified as cognitively impaired at the 4-year follow-up. In men, higher variety in vegetable (adjusted OR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.99, p = 0.029) and combined FV (adjusted OR: 0.98, 95% CI 0.96-0.98, p = 0.039) were significantly associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment. Fruit variety was not associated with cognitive impairment. In women, there were no associations between variety in fruit, vegetable and combined FV with cognitive impairment in the adjusted model. CONCLUSION Independent of FV quantity, higher variety in vegetable and combined FV were associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese community-dwelling older adults, and these associations were only observed in men.
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Metabolic Syndrome, Cognitive Impairment and the Role of Diet: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020333. [PMID: 35057514 PMCID: PMC8780484 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This narrative review presents the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), along with its components, and cognition-related disorders, as well as the potential reversal role of diet against cognitive impairment by modulating MetS. Methods: An electronic research in Medline (Pubmed) and Scopus was conducted. Results: MetS and cognitive decline share common cardiometabolic pathways as MetS components can trigger cognitive impairment. On the other side, the risk factors for both MetS and cognitive impairment can be reduced by optimizing the nutritional intake. Clinical manifestations such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes and increased central body adiposity are nutrition-related risk factors present during the prodromal period before cognitive impairment. The Mediterranean dietary pattern stands among the most discussed predominantly plant-based diets in relation to cardiometabolic disorders that may prevent dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and other cognition-related disorders. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that the consumption of specific dietary food groups as a part of the overall diet can improve cognitive outcomes, maybe due to their involvement in cardiometabolic paths. Conclusions: Early MetS detection may be helpful to prevent or delay cognitive decline. Moreover, this review highlights the importance of healthy nutritional habits to reverse such conditions and the urgency of early lifestyle interventions.
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Coro DG, Hutchinson AD, Dyer KA, Banks S, Koczwara B, Corsini N, Vitry A, Coates AM. 'Food for Thought'-The Relationship between Diet and Cognition in Breast and Colorectal Cancer Survivors: A Feasibility Study. Nutrients 2021; 14:71. [PMID: 35010946 PMCID: PMC8746644 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Survivors of cancer frequently experience persistent and troublesome cognitive changes. Little is known about the role diet and nutrition plays in survivors' cognition. We explored the feasibility of collecting cross-sectional online data from Australian survivors of breast and colorectal cancer to enable preliminary investigations of the relationships between cognition with fruit and vegetable intake, and the Omega-3 Index (a biomarker of long chain omega 3 fatty acid intake). A total of 76 participants completed online (and postal Omega-3 Index biomarker) data collection (62 breast and 14 colorectal cancer survivors): mean age 57.5 (±10.2) years, mean time since diagnosis 32.6 (±15.6) months. Almost all of the feasibility outcomes were met; however, technical difficulties were reported for online cognitive testing. In hierarchical linear regression models, none of the dietary variables of interest were significant predictors of self-reported or objective cognition. Age, BMI, and length of treatment predicted some of the cognitive outcomes. We demonstrated a viable online/postal data collection method, with participants reporting positive levels of engagement and satisfaction. Fruit, vegetable, and omega-3 intake were not significant predictors of cognition in this sample, however the role of BMI in survivors' cognitive functioning should be further investigated. Future research could adapt this protocol to longitudinally monitor diet and cognition to assess the impact of diet on subsequent cognitive function, and whether cognitive changes impact dietary habits in survivors of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Coro
- Behaviour-Brain-Body (BBB) Research Centre, UniSA Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Amanda D Hutchinson
- Behaviour-Brain-Body (BBB) Research Centre, UniSA Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Dyer
- UniSA Allied Health & Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Siobhan Banks
- Behaviour-Brain-Body (BBB) Research Centre, UniSA Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Bogda Koczwara
- Flinders Medical Centre, Department of Medical Oncology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Nadia Corsini
- Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Agnes Vitry
- UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- UniSA Allied Health & Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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Diet and Dementia: A Prospective Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124500. [PMID: 34960052 PMCID: PMC8705494 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Whether dietary and nutrition and dietary patterns are associated with the development of dementia is an interesting research question. Participants of a longitudinal cohort study that included European adults who were middle to old aged at baseline and who had not been diagnosed with dementia at baseline (2006–2010) and had not been diagnosed with dementia or died within 5 years after baseline were followed up (until 2018) and analyzed. Associations between intake frequency of each food class measured by the food-frequency questionnaire at baseline and incident dementia 5 years after baseline were analyzed after correcting for confounding variables. A total of approximately 340,000 participants and 900 cases were included in the analysis for each food class. Cox proportional hazard models with self-reported intake level of each food category divided into four mostly equally divided categorical variables revealed a high intake of bread, moderate total meat and total fish intake and low vegetable and fruit intake were thus associated with a small but significant decrease in the onset risk of dementia, while poultry and cereal were not. These findings are mostly inconsistent with the idea that Mediterranean diet is associated with lower risk of subsequent incident dementia.
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Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Vernuccio L, Catanese G, Inzerillo F, Salemi G, Barbagallo M. Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Other Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of Cognitive Decline and Dementia. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114080. [PMID: 34836334 PMCID: PMC8624903 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple factors combined are currently recognized as contributors to cognitive decline. The main independent risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia is advanced age followed by other determinants such as genetic, socioeconomic, and environmental factors, including nutrition and physical activity. In the next decades, a rise in dementia cases is expected due largely to the aging of the world population. There are no hitherto effective pharmaceutical therapies to treat age-associated cognitive impairment and dementia, which underscores the crucial role of prevention. A relationship among diet, physical activity, and other lifestyle factors with cognitive function has been intensively studied with mounting evidence supporting the role of these determinants in the development of cognitive decline and dementia, which is a chief cause of disability globally. Several dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients have been investigated in this regard, with some encouraging and other disappointing results. This review presents the current evidence for the effects of dietary patterns, dietary components, some supplements, physical activity, sleep patterns, and social engagement on the prevention or delay of the onset of age-related cognitive decline and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J. Dominguez
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (L.V.); (G.C.); (F.I.); (M.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; +39-0916554828
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (L.V.); (G.C.); (F.I.); (M.B.)
| | - Laura Vernuccio
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (L.V.); (G.C.); (F.I.); (M.B.)
| | - Giuseppina Catanese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (L.V.); (G.C.); (F.I.); (M.B.)
| | - Flora Inzerillo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (L.V.); (G.C.); (F.I.); (M.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Salemi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy;
- UOC of Neurology, University Hospital “Paolo Giaccone”, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (L.V.); (G.C.); (F.I.); (M.B.)
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Shea AK, Wolfman W, Fortier M, Soares CN. Guideline No. 422c: Menopause: Mood, Sleep, and Cognition. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2021; 43:1316-1323.e1. [PMID: 34758906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Provide strategies for improving the care of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women based on the most recent published evidence. TARGET POPULATION Perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS Target population will benefit from the most recent published scientific evidence provided via the information from their health care provider. No harms or costs are involved with this information since women will have the opportunity to choose among the different therapeutic options for the management of the symptoms and morbidities associated with menopause, including the option to choose no treatment. EVIDENCE Databases consulted were PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library for the years 2002-2020, and MeSH search terms were specific for each topic developed through the 7 chapters. VALIDATION METHODS The authors rated the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. See online Appendix A (Tables A1 for definitions and A2 for interpretations of strong and weak recommendations). INTENDED AUDIENCE: physicians, including gynaecologists, obstetricians, family physicians, internists, emergency medicine specialists; nurses, including registered nurses and nurse practitioners; pharmacists; medical trainees, including medical students, residents, fellows; and other providers of health care for the target population. SUMMARY STATEMENTS RECOMMENDATIONS.
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Chen X, Liu Z, Sachdev PS, Kochan NA, O'Leary F, Brodaty H. Association of Dietary Patterns With Cognitive Function and Cognitive Decline in Sydney Memory and Ageing Study: A Longitudinal Analysis. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:949-960.e15. [PMID: 34688967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship of dietary patterns to cognitive health in older adults has attracted much research attention. However, results from existing studies are inconclusive. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and overall cognitive performance and cognitive change over time. DESIGN This analysis was conducted as part of the longitudinal Sydney Memory and Ageing study with 6 years' follow-up. Mediterranean diet and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet scores were generated based on dietary intake for each individual, assessed by the Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies Version 2. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING This longitudinal study comprised 1037 community dwelling nondemented participants aged 70 to 90 years at baseline (September 2005 to December 2007), recruited from Sydney, Australia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Neuropsychological tests assessed global cognition and 6 cognitive domains on 4 occasions, at baseline and 2, 4, and 6 years later. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Linear mixed-model analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between dietary scores, food components, and overall cognitive function and cognitive change over 6 years. RESULTS No associations of Mediterranean or Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension dietary scores with overall cognition and cognitive decline over 6 years were found. Higher intake of legumes and nuts was related to better overall performance in global cognition (β = .091; 95% CI: 0.035-0.146; P = .001) and to multiple cognitive domains and to less decline in global cognition (β = -.016; 95% CI: -0.032 to -0.001; P = .032). CONCLUSION Study findings suggest that greater consumption of legumes and nuts may be important to slow cognitive decline with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, the University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, the University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, the University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicole A Kochan
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, the University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fiona O'Leary
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, the University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia.
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Shea AK, Wolfman W, Fortier M, Soares CN. Directive clinique n° 422c : Ménopause : Humeur, sommeil et cognition. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2021; 43:1324-1333.e1. [PMID: 34555544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIF Proposer des stratégies fondées sur les plus récentes données publiées pour améliorer les soins aux femmes ménopausées ou en périménopause. POPULATION CIBLE Les femmes ménopausées ou en périménopause. BéNéFICES, RISQUES ET COûTS: La population cible bénéficiera des plus récentes données scientifiques publiées communiquées par leurs fournisseurs de soins de santé. Aucun coût ni préjudice ne sont associés à cette information, car les femmes seront libres de choisir parmi les différentes options thérapeutiques, y compris le statu quo, pour la prise en charge des symptômes et morbidités associés à la ménopause. DONNéES PROBANTES: Les auteurs ont interrogé les bases de données PubMed, MEDLINE et Cochrane Library pour extraire des articles publiés entre 2002 et 2020 en utilisant des termes MeSH spécifiques à chacun des sujets abordés dans les 7 chapitres. MéTHODES DE VALIDATION: Les auteurs ont évalué la qualité des données probantes et la force des recommandations en utilisant l'approche d'évaluation, de développement et d'évaluation (GRADE). Voir l'annexe A en ligne (tableau A1 pour les définitions et tableau A2 pour l'interprétation des recommandations fortes et conditionnelles [faibles]). PROFESSIONNELS CONCERNéS: gynécologues, obstétriciens, médecins de famille, internistes, urgentologues, infirmières (autorisées et praticiennes), pharmaciens, stagiaires (étudiants en médecine, résidents, moniteurs cliniques) et autres fournisseurs de soins de santé pour la population cible. DÉCLARATIONS SOMMAIRES: RECOMMANDATIONS.
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Smith L, Shin JI, Jacob L, Carmichael C, López Sánchez GF, Oh H, Butler LT, Barnett Y, Pizzol D, Tully MA, Soysal P, Veronese N, Koyanagi A. Sleep problems and mild cognitive impairment among adults aged ≥50 years from low- and middle-income countries. Exp Gerontol 2021; 154:111513. [PMID: 34384889 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The limited available literature suggests that sleep problems are linked to an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, this association has been little studied to date in low-income settings. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between sleep problems and MCI in a large sample of adults from six low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE). SUBJECTS 32,715 individuals aged ≥50 years with preservation in functional abilities [age range 50-114 years; 51.7% females]. METHODS MCI was defined using the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association criteria. Sleep problems were assessed by the question "Overall in the last 30 days, how much of a problem did you have with sleeping, such as falling asleep, waking up frequently during the night or waking up too early in the morning?" and categorized as "None", "Mild", "Moderate", "Severe/Extreme". Multivariable logistic regression analysis and meta-analysis were conducted. RESULTS Compared to no sleep problems, mild, moderate, and severe/extreme sleep problems were associated with significant 1.40, 1.83, and 2.69 times higher odds for MCI with similar associations being observed between age groups and sex. Severe/extreme sleep problems were positively associated with MCI (i.e., OR > 1) in the six countries studied with the overall estimate being OR = 1.80 (95% CI = 1.50-2.16), and a low level of between-country heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 28.2%). CONCLUSIONS Sleep problems were associated with higher odds for MCI. Interventions to improve sleep quality among middle-aged and older adults in LMICs may be an effective strategy in reducing risk of MCI and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08830, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux 78180, France
| | - Christina Carmichael
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - Laurie T Butler
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Damiano Pizzol
- Italian Agency for Development Cooperation - Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mark A Tully
- School of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey BT15 1ED, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Pinar Soysal
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Adnan Menderes Bulvarı (Vatan Street), 34093 Fatih, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08830, Spain; ICREA, Pg, Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Ong PA, Annisafitrie FR, Purnamasari N, Calista C, Sagita N, Sofiatin Y, Dikot Y. Dementia Prevalence, Comorbidities, and Lifestyle Among Jatinangor Elders. Front Neurol 2021; 12:643480. [PMID: 34367043 PMCID: PMC8345013 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.643480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Research on dementia prevalence and the potentially related risk factors from Indonesia is scarce. We sought to identify the prevalence of dementia, health risk factors, and lifestyle in Jatinangor elders. Methods: A total of 686 participants completed questionnaires on lifestyle, health risk factors, and cognitive and functional tests from September 2013 to December 2013. We determined the prevalence of dementia; and the associations between health, leisure activities, dietary pattern, and dementia were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of dementia was 29.15%. The risk factors differed between age groups. Those aged 60–74 years and who have a lower education level, lower occupational attainment, and less active intellectual and recreational activities were associated with higher dementia risk. Those aged > 75 years living in a rural area and who take less fruit were associated with a higher risk of dementia. Conclusions: The prevalence of dementia in Jatinangor is high. The identified modifiable risk factors are a potential target for intervention and valuable for designing public health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulus Anam Ong
- Department of Neurology, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Febby Rosa Annisafitrie
- Department of Neurology, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Novita Purnamasari
- Department of Neurology, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Chandra Calista
- Department of Neurology, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Noveline Sagita
- Department of Neurology, Immanuel Hospital, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Yulia Sofiatin
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Yustiani Dikot
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Achmad Yani University, Bandung, Indonesia
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Soares CN, Shea AK. The Midlife Transition, Depression, and Its Clinical Management. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2021; 48:215-229. [PMID: 33573787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization estimates that more than 260 million people are affected by depression worldwide, a condition that imposes a significant burden to individuals, their families, and society. Women seem to be disproportionately more affected by depression than men, and it is now clear that some women may experience windows of vulnerability for depression at certain reproductive stages across their life span, including the midlife transition. For some, age, the presence of cardiovascular or metabolic problems, and the emergence of significant, bothersome vasomotor symptoms and sleep problems may result in a compounded, deleterious impact on well-being and overall functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio N Soares
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University School of Medicine, Providence Care Hospital, 752 King Street West, Kingston, Ontario K7L 4X3, Canada.
| | - Alison K Shea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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