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White TA, Miller SL, Sutherland AE, Allison BJ, Camm EJ. Perinatal compromise affects development, form, and function of the hippocampus part one; clinical studies. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:1698-1708. [PMID: 38519794 PMCID: PMC11245394 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus is a neuron-rich specialised brain structure that plays a central role in the regulation of emotions, learning and memory, cognition, spatial navigation, and motivational processes. In human fetal development, hippocampal neurogenesis is principally complete by mid-gestation, with subsequent maturation comprising dendritogenesis and synaptogenesis in the third trimester of pregnancy and infancy. Dendritogenesis and synaptogenesis underpin connectivity. Hippocampal development is exquisitely sensitive to perturbations during pregnancy and at birth. Clinical investigations demonstrate that preterm birth, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and acute hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) are common perinatal complications that alter hippocampal development. In turn, deficits in hippocampal development and structure mediate a range of neurodevelopmental disorders, including cognitive and learning problems, autism, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In this review, we summarise the developmental profile of the hippocampus during fetal and neonatal life and examine the hippocampal deficits observed following common human pregnancy complications. IMPACT: The review provides a comprehensive summary of the developmental profile of the hippocampus in normal fetal and neonatal life. We address a significant knowledge gap in paediatric research by providing a comprehensive summary of the relationship between pregnancy complications and subsequent hippocampal damage, shedding new light on this critical aspect of early neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegan A White
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Suzanne L Miller
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy E Sutherland
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Beth J Allison
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily J Camm
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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Bean L, Bose PK, Rani A, Kumar A. Serine racemase expression profile in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampal subregions during aging in male and female rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:8402-8416. [PMID: 38761177 PMCID: PMC11164512 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decrease in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function, which is critical for maintaining synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Activation of the NMDA receptor requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate and also the presence of co-agonist D-serine at the glycine site. The enzymatic conversion of L-serine to D-serine is facilitated by the enzyme serine racemase (SR). Subsequently, SR plays a pivotal role in regulating NMDA receptor activity, thereby impacting synaptic plasticity and memory processes in the central nervous system. As such, age-related changes in the expression of SR could contribute to decreased NMDA receptor function. However, age-associated changes in SR expression levels in the medial and lateral prefrontal cortex (mPFC, lPFC), and in the dorsal hippocampal subfields, CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG), have not been thoroughly elucidated. Therefore, the current studies were designed to determine the SR expression profile, including protein levels and mRNA, for these regions in aged and young male and female Fischer-344 rats. Our results demonstrate a significant reduction in SR expression levels in the mPFC and all hippocampal subfields of aged rats compared to young rats. No sex differences were observed in the expression of SR. These findings suggest that the decrease in SR levels may play a role in the age-associated reduction of NMDA receptor function in brain regions crucial for cognitive function and synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Bean
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, IU School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46201, USA
| | - Prodip K. Bose
- Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Gainesville, FL 32607, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Neurology at the College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL 32607, USA
| | - Asha Rani
- Department of Neuroscience, The McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32607, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, The McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32607, USA
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3
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Budamagunta V, Kumar A, Rani A, Manohar Sindhu S, Yang Y, Zhou D, Foster TC. Senolytic treatment alleviates doxorubicin-induced chemobrain. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14037. [PMID: 38225896 PMCID: PMC10861213 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox), a widely used treatment for cancer, can result in chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments (chemobrain). Chemobrain is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress similar to aging. As such, Dox treatment has also been used as a model of aging. However, it is unclear if Dox induces brain changes similar to that observed during aging since Dox does not readily enter the brain. Rather, the mechanism for chemobrain likely involves the induction of peripheral cellular senescence and the release of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors and these SASP factors can enter the brain to disrupt cognition. We examined the effect of Dox on peripheral and brain markers of aging and cognition. In addition, we employed the senolytic, ABT-263, which also has limited access to the brain. The results indicate that plasma SASP factors enter the brain, activating microglia, increasing oxidative stress, and altering gene transcription. In turn, the synaptic function required for memory was reduced in response to altered redox signaling. ABT-263 prevented or limited most of the Dox-induced effects. The results emphasize a link between cognitive decline and the release of SASP factors from peripheral senescent cells and indicate some differences as well as similarities between advanced age and Dox treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekananda Budamagunta
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Asha Rani
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Sahana Manohar Sindhu
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural BiologyUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Thomas C. Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
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Qin Y, Chen J, Li J, Wu N. Relationship between hippocampal gene expression and cognitive performance differences in visual discrimination learning task of male rats. Behav Brain Res 2023; 454:114659. [PMID: 37690703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Learning to discriminate between environmental visual stimuli is essential to make right decisions and guide appropriate behaviors. Moreover, impairments in visual discrimination learning are observed in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Visual discrimination learning requires perception and memory processing, in which the hippocampus critically involved. To understand the molecular mechanisms underpinning hippocampus function in visual discrimination learning, we examined the hippocampal gene expression profiles of Sprague-Dawley rats with different cognitive performance (high cognition group vs. low cognition group) in the modified visual discrimination learning task, using high-throughput RNA sequencing technology. Compared with the low cognition group, bioinformatics analysis indicated that 319 genes were differentially expressed in the high cognition group with statistical significance, of which 253 genes were down-regulated and 66 genes were up-regulated. The functional enrichment analysis showed that protein translation and energy metabolism were up-regulated pathways, while transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway, bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway, apoptosis, inflammation response, transport, and glycosaminoglycan metabolism were down-regulated pathways, which were related to good cognitive performance in the visual discrimination learning task. Taken together, our finding reveals the differential gene expression and enrichment biological pathways related to cognitive performance differences in visual discrimination learning of rats, which provides us direct insight into the molecular mechanisms of hippocampus function in visual discrimination learning and may contribute to developing potential treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders accompanied with cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Ning Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
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Xu C, Liu X, Yu L, Fang X, Yao L, Lau H, Vyas P, Pryke L, Xu B, Tang L, Jiang J, Chen X. CD147 monoclonal antibody attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in angiotensin II-Infused apoE -/- mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110526. [PMID: 37393837 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life threatening vascular disease. Our previous study reported the upregulation of CD147 expression in human aortic aneurysms. OBJECTIVE In this study, we injected apoE-/- mice intraperitoneally with CD147 monoclonal antibody or IgG control antibody to observe its effect on Angiotensin II (AngII) induced AAA formation. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were randomly divided into an AngⅡ+CD147 antibody group (n = 20) and an AngⅡ+IgG antibody group (n = 20). The Alzet osmotic minipump was implanted subcutaneously into the backs of mice to infuse AngII (1000 ng/kg/min) for 28 days and subsequently treated with CD147 monoclonal antibody or control IgG mAb (10 μg/mouse/day) beginning one day after surgery. Body weight, food intake, drinking volume and blood pressure were measured weekly throughout the study. After 4 weeks of injection, routine bloodwork measuring liver function, kidney function and lipid levels were recorded. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome, and Elastic van Gieson (EVG) staining were used to evaluate the pathological changes in blood vessels. In addition, Immunohistochemical assay was used to detect infiltration of inflammatory cells. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis was used to define differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) using a p-value < 0.05 and fold change > 1.2 or < 0.83 as the threshold. Subsequently, we conducted protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and GO enrichment analysis to determine the core biological function altered after CD147 antibody injection. RESULTS The CD147 monoclonal antibody suppresses Ang II-induced AAA formation in apoE-/- mice and reduced aortic expansion, elastic lamina degradation, and inflammatory cells accumulation. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Ptk6, Itch, Casp3, and Oas1a were the hub DEPs. These DEPs in the two group were mainly involved in collagen fibril organization, extracellular matrix organization, and muscle contraction. These data robustly demonstrated that CD147 monoclonal antibody suppresses Ang II-induced AAA formation through reduction of inflammatory response and regulation of the above defined hub proteins and biological processes. Thus, the CD147 monoclonal antibody might be a promising target in the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, PR China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, PR China
| | - Xiaoxin Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, PR China
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, PR China
| | - HuiChong Lau
- Department of Medicine, Crozer-Chester Medical Center, Upland, PA 19013, USA
| | - Punit Vyas
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Luke Pryke
- Internal medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lijiang Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, PR China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, PR China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Budamagunta V, Kumar A, Rani A, Bean L, Manohar‐Sindhu S, Yang Y, Zhou D, Foster TC. Effect of peripheral cellular senescence on brain aging and cognitive decline. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13817. [PMID: 36959691 PMCID: PMC10186609 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We examine similar and differential effects of two senolytic treatments, ABT-263 and dasatinib + quercetin (D + Q), in preserving cognition, markers of peripheral senescence, and markers of brain aging thought to underlie cognitive decline. Male F344 rats were treated from 12 to 18 months of age with D + Q, ABT-263, or vehicle, and were compared to young (6 months). Both senolytic treatments rescued memory, preserved the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, and prevented the age-related decline in hippocampal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) function associated with impaired cognition. Senolytic treatments decreased senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in the plasma (IL-1β, IP-10, and RANTES), with some markers more responsive to D + Q (TNFα) or ABT-263 (IFNγ, leptin, EGF). ABT-263 was more effective in decreasing senescence genes in the spleen. Both senolytic treatments decreased the expression of immune response and oxidative stress genes and increased the expression of synaptic genes in the dentate gyrus (DG). However, D + Q influenced twice as many genes as ABT-263. Relative to D + Q, the ABT-263 group exhibited increased expression of DG genes linked to cell death and negative regulation of apoptosis and microglial cell activation. Furthermore, D + Q was more effective at decreasing morphological markers of microglial activation. The results indicate that preserved cognition was associated with the removal of peripheral senescent cells, decreasing systemic inflammation that normally drives neuroinflammation, BBB breakdown, and impaired synaptic function. Dissimilarities associated with brain transcription indicate divergence in central mechanisms, possibly due to differential access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekananda Budamagunta
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Asha Rani
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Linda Bean
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Sahana Manohar‐Sindhu
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural BiologyUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural BiologyUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Thomas C. Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
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Yegla B, Rani A, Kumar A. Viral vector-mediated upregulation of serine racemase expression in medial prefrontal cortex improves learning and synaptic function in middle age rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:2433-2449. [PMID: 37052995 PMCID: PMC10120901 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
An age-associated decrease in N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated synaptic function contributes to impaired synaptic plasticity and is associated with cognitive impairments. Levels of serine racemase (SR), an enzyme that synthesizes D-serine, an NMDAR co-agonist, decline with age. Thus, enhancing NMDAR function via increased SR expression in middle age, when subtle declines in cognition emerge, was predicted to enhance performance on a prefrontal cortex-mediated task sensitive to aging. Middle-aged (~12 mo) male Fischer-344 rats were injected bilaterally in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) with viral vector (LV), SR (LV-SR) or control (LV-GFP). Rats were trained on the operant attentional set-shift task (AST) to examine cognitive flexibility and attentional function. LV-SR rats exhibited a faster rate of learning compared to controls during visual discrimination of the AST. Extradimensional set shifting and reversal were not impacted. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that LV-SR significantly increased SR expression in the mPFC. Electrophysiological characterization of synaptic transmission in the mPFC slices obtained from LV-GFP and LV-SR animals indicated a significant increase in isolated NMDAR-mediated synaptic responses in LV-SR slices. Thus, results of the current study demonstrated that prefrontal SR upregulation in middle age rats can improve learning of task contingencies for visual discrimination and increase glutamatergic synaptic transmission, including NMDAR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney Yegla
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Asha Rani
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Bac B, Hicheri C, Weiss C, Buell A, Vilcek N, Spaeni C, Geula C, Savas JN, Disterhoft JF. The TgF344-AD rat: behavioral and proteomic changes associated with aging and protein expression in a transgenic rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 123:98-110. [PMID: 36657371 PMCID: PMC10118906 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Animal models of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) are attractive tools for preclinical, prodromal drug testing. The TgF344-AD (Tg) rat exhibits cognitive deficits and 5 major hallmarks of AD. Here we show that spatial water maze (WMZ) memory deficits and proteomic differences in dorsal CA1 were present in young Tg rats. Aged learning-unimpaired (AU) and aged learning-impaired (AI) proteome associated changes were identified and differed by sex. Levels of phosphorylated tau, reactive astrocytes and microglia were significantly increased in aged Tg rats and correlated with the WMZ learning index (LI); in contrast, no significant correlation was present between amyloid plaques or insoluble Aβ levels and LI. Neuroinflammatory markers were also significantly correlated with LI and increased in female Tg rats. The anti-inflammatory marker, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2), was significantly reduced in aged impaired Tg rats and correlated with LI. Identifying and understanding mechanisms that allow for healthy aging by overcoming genetic drivers for AD, and/or promoting drivers for successful aging, are important for developing successful therapeutics against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birsu Bac
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cheima Hicheri
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Craig Weiss
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amelia Buell
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Natalia Vilcek
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Claudia Spaeni
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Changiz Geula
- Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Savas
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John F Disterhoft
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Fhon JRS, Silva ARF, Lima EFC, dos Santos Neto AP, Henao-Castaño ÁM, Fajardo-Ramos E, Püschel VAA. Association between Sarcopenia, Falls, and Cognitive Impairment in Older People: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4156. [PMID: 36901167 PMCID: PMC10002412 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the aging process, elderly people present changes in their bodies that can lead them to suffer several geriatric syndromes. The present study aimed to analyze and synthesize the literature produced concerning the association of sarcopenia with falls in elderly people with cognitive impairment. This is a systematic review study on etiology and risk, conducted according to the JBI methodology using the Medline (Pubmed), Cinahl, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The gray literature search was conducted in the CAPES Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, Google Scholar, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD), EBSCO Open Dissertations, DART-e, and ACS Guide to Scholarly Communication. The identification of the association between the variables was extracted from the articles themselves (Odds Ratio and the 95% Confidence Intervals). Four articles published between 2012 and 2021 were included in this review. A prevalence of falls was identified, ranging from 14.2% to 23.1%, of cognitive impairment ranging from 24.1% to 60.8%, and of sarcopenia ranging from 6.1 to 26.6%. The meta-analysis found that elderly people with cognitive impairment who suffer falls are at a 1.88 times greater risk of presenting sarcopenia (p = 0.01). There is evidence of an association between the variables, but it is necessary to conduct follow-up studies to support this association as well as other factors that may influence the senescence and senility process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Roberto Silva Fhon
- Graduate Program in Adult Health Nursing, Nursing School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403, Brazil
- Brazilian Center for Evidence-Based Healthcare, A JBI Centre of Excellence, São Paulo 05403, Brazil
| | - Alice Regina Felipe Silva
- Graduate Program in Adult Health Nursing, Nursing School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403, Brazil
| | - Eveline Fontes Costa Lima
- Graduate Program in Adult Health Nursing, Nursing School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Vilanice Alves Araújo Püschel
- Graduate Program in Adult Health Nursing, Nursing School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403, Brazil
- Brazilian Center for Evidence-Based Healthcare, A JBI Centre of Excellence, São Paulo 05403, Brazil
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Winsky-Sommerer R, King HA, Iadevaia V, Möller-Levet C, Gerber AP. A post-transcriptional regulatory landscape of aging in the female mouse hippocampus. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1119873. [PMID: 37122377 PMCID: PMC10135431 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1119873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with substantial physiological changes and constitutes a major risk factor for neurological disorders including dementia. Alterations in gene expression upon aging have been extensively studied; however, an in-depth characterization of post-transcriptional regulatory events remains elusive. Here, we profiled the age-related changes of the transcriptome and translatome in the female mouse hippocampus by RNA sequencing of total RNA and polysome preparations at four ages (3-, 6-, 12-, 20-month-old); and we implemented a variety of bioinformatics approaches to unravel alterations in transcript abundance, alternative splicing, and polyadenylation site selection. We observed mostly well-coordinated transcriptome and translatome expression signatures across age including upregulation of transcripts related to immune system processes and neuroinflammation, though transcripts encoding ribonucleoproteins or associated with mitochondrial functions, calcium signaling and the cell-cycle displayed substantial discordant profiles, suggesting translational control associated with age-related deficits in hippocampal-dependent behavior. By contrast, alternative splicing was less preserved, increased with age and was associated with distinct functionally-related transcripts encoding proteins acting at synapses/dendrites, RNA-binding proteins; thereby predicting regulatory roles for RBM3 and CIRBP. Only minor changes in polyadenylation site selection were identified, indicating pivotal 3'-end selection in young adults compared to older groups. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive resource of age-associated post-transcriptional regulatory events in the mouse hippocampus, enabling further examination of the molecular features underlying age-associated neurological diseases.
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Cattaneo M, Maciag A, Milella MS, Ciaglia E, Bruno A, Puca AA. Longevity-Associated Variant of BPIFB4 Confers Neuroprotection in the STHdh Cell Model of Huntington Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315313. [PMID: 36499641 PMCID: PMC9737551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by the production of mutant Huntingtin (mHTT), characterized by long polyglutamine repeats with toxic effects. There are currently no clinically validated therapeutic agents that slow or halt HD progression, resulting in a significant clinical unmet need. The striatum-derived STHdh cell line, generated from mHTT knock-in mouse embryos (STHdhQ111/Q111), represents a useful model to study mechanisms behind pathogenesis of HD and to investigate potential new therapeutic targets. Indeed, these cells show susceptibility to nucleolar stress, activated DNA damage response and apoptotic signals, and elevated levels of H3K9me3 that all together concur in the progressive HD pathogenesis. We have previously shown that the adeno-associated viral vector-mediated delivery of the longevity-associated variant (LAV) of BPIFB4 prevents HD progression in a mouse model of HD. Here, we show that LAV-BPIFB4 stably infected in STHdhQ111/Q111 cells reduces (i) nucleolar stress and DNA damage through the improvement of DNA repair machinery, (ii) apoptosis, through the inhibition of the caspase 3 death signaling, and (iii) the levels of H3K9me3, by accelerating the histone clearance, via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. These findings pave the way to propose LAV-BPIFB4 as a promising target for innovative therapeutic strategies in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cattaneo
- Cardiovascular Department, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maciag
- Cardiovascular Department, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Unit of Molecular Pathology, Biochemistry and Immunology, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences (DBSV), University of Insubria, 20138 Varese, Italy
| | - Annibale Alessandro Puca
- Cardiovascular Department, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
- Correspondence:
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12
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Granger SJ, Colon-Perez L, Larson MS, Phelan M, Keator DB, Janecek JT, Sathishkumar MT, Smith AP, McMillan L, Greenia D, Corrada MM, Kawas CH, Yassa MA. Hippocampal dentate gyrus integrity revealed with ultrahigh resolution diffusion imaging predicts memory performance in older adults. Hippocampus 2022; 32:627-638. [PMID: 35838075 PMCID: PMC10510739 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy is a core feature of age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). While regional volumes and thickness are often used as a proxy for neurodegeneration, they lack the sensitivity to serve as an accurate diagnostic test and indicate advanced neurodegeneration. Here, we used a submillimeter resolution diffusion weighted MRI sequence (ZOOMit) to quantify microstructural properties of hippocampal subfields in older adults (63-98 years old) using tensor derived measures: fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). We demonstrate that the high-resolution sequence, and not a standard resolution sequence, identifies dissociable profiles for CA1, dentate gyrus (DG), and the collateral sulcus. Using ZOOMit, we show that advanced age is associated with increased MD of the CA1 and DG as well as decreased FA of the DG. Increased MD of the DG, reflecting decreased cellular density, mediated the relationship between age and word list recall. Further, increased MD in the DG, but not DG volume, was linked to worse spatial pattern separation. Our results demonstrate that ultrahigh-resolution diffusion imaging enables the detection of microstructural differences in hippocampal subfield integrity and will lead to novel insights into the mechanisms of age-related memory loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Granger
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697
| | - Luis Colon-Perez
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697
| | - Myra Saraí Larson
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697
| | - Michael Phelan
- UC Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine 92697
| | - David B. Keator
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - John T. Janecek
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697
| | - Mithra T. Sathishkumar
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697
| | - Anna P. Smith
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697
| | - Liv McMillan
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697
| | - Dana Greenia
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine 92697
| | | | - Claudia H. Kawas
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine 92697
| | - Michael A. Yassa
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine 92697
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13
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Hu Z, Zhu M, Qin S, Yu P, Li B, Xu J, Ondrejcak T, Klyubin I, Rowan MJ, Hu NW. Long-Term Depression-Inducing Low Frequency Stimulation Enhances p-Tau181 and p-Tau217 in an Age-Dependent Manner in Live Rats. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:335-350. [PMID: 35871344 PMCID: PMC9484260 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) correlates with the extent of tau pathology, in particular tau hyperphosphorylation, which is strongly age-associated. Although elevation of cerebrospinal fluid or blood levels of phosphorylated tau (p-Tau) at residues Thr181 (p-Tau181), Thr217 (p-Tau217), and Thr231 (p-Tau231) are proposed to be particularly sensitive markers of preclinical AD, the generation of p-Tau during brain activity is poorly understood. Objective: To study whether the expression levels of p-Tau181, p-Tau217, and p-Tau231 can be enhanced by physiological synaptic long-term depression (LTD) which has been linked to the enhancement of p-Tau in hippocampus. Methods: In vivo electrophysiology was performed in urethane anesthetized young adult and aged male rats. Low frequency electrical stimulation (LFS) was used to induce LTD at CA3 to CA1 synapses. The expression level of p-Tau and total tau was measured in dorsal hippocampus using immunofluorescent staining and/or western blotting. Results: We found that LFS enhanced p-Tau181 and p-Tau217 in an age-dependent manner in the hippocampus of live rats. In contrast, phosphorylation at residues Thr231, Ser202/Thr205, and Ser396 appeared less sensitive to LFS. Pharmacological antagonism of either N-methyl-D-aspartate or metabotropic glutamate 5 receptors inhibited the elevation of both p-Tau181 and p-Tau217. Targeting the integrated stress response, which increases with aging, using a small molecule inhibitor ISRIB, prevented the enhancement of p-Tau by LFS in aged rats. Conclusion: Together, our data provide a novel in vivo means to uncover brain plasticity-related cellular and molecular processes of tau phosphorylation at key sites in health and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengtao Hu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Manyi Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuangying Qin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengpeng Yu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jitian Xu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tomas Ondrejcak
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Igor Klyubin
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael J. Rowan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Neng-Wei Hu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Rani A, Barter J, Kumar A, Stortz JA, Hollen M, Nacionales D, Moldawer LL, Efron PA, Foster TC. Influence of age and sex on microRNA response and recovery in the hippocampus following sepsis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:728-746. [PMID: 35094981 PMCID: PMC8833110 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis, defined as a dysregulated host immune response to infection, is a common and dangerous clinical syndrome. The excessive host inflammatory response can induce immediate and persistent cognitive decline, which can be worse in older individuals. Sex-specific differences in the outcome of infectious diseases and sepsis appear to favor females. We employed a murine model to examine the influence of age and sex on the brain's microRNA (miR) response following sepsis. Young and old mice of both sexes underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) with daily restraint stress. Expression of hippocampal miR was examined in age- and sex-matched controls at 1 and 4 days post-CLP. Few miR were modified in a similar manner across age or sex and these few miR were generally associated with neuroprotection against inflammation. Similar to previous work examining transcription, young females exhibited a better recovery of the miR profile from day 1 to day 4, relative to young males and old females. For young males and all female groups, the initial response mainly involved a decrease in miR expression. In contrast, old males exhibited only upregulated miR on day 1 and day 4 and many of the miR upregulated on day 1 and day 4 were linked to neurodegeneration, increased neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment. The results emphasize age and sex differences in epigenetic mechanisms that likely contribute to susceptibility or resilience to cognitive impairment due to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Rani
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jolie Barter
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Julie A Stortz
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - McKenzie Hollen
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Dina Nacionales
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Lyle L Moldawer
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Philip A Efron
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.,Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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15
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Adulthood systemic inflammation accelerates the trajectory of age-related cognitive decline. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22092-22108. [PMID: 34587117 PMCID: PMC8507275 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to understand the long-term effects of systemic inflammation, it is important to distinguish inflammation-induced changes in baseline cognitive function from changes that interact with aging to influence the trajectory of cognitive decline. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered to young adult (6 months) male rats via intraperitoneal injections, once a week for 7 weeks. Longitudinal effects on cognitive decline were examined 6 and 12 months after the initial injections. Repeated LPS treatment, in adults, resulted in a long-term impairment in memory, examined in aged animals (age 18 months), but not in middle-age (age 12 months). At 12 months following injections, LPS treatment was associated with a decrease in N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated component of synaptic transmission and altered expression of genes linked to the synapse and to regulation of the response to inflammatory signals. The results of the current study suggest that the history of systemic inflammation is one component of environmental factors that contribute to the resilience or susceptibility to age-related brain changes and associated trajectory of cognitive decline.
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16
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Yegla B, Foster TC. Operationally defining cognitive reserve genes. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 110:96-105. [PMID: 34565615 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Variability in cognitive decline is related to the environment, lifestyle factors, and individual differences in biological aging, including cognitive reserve, plastic properties of the brain, which account for better-than-expected cognition for a given level of brain aging or pathology. Cognitive reserve has not been thoroughly investigated in aged rodents. To address this gap, cognitive reserve was examined using Gene Expression Omnibus data for the CA1 region of the hippocampus of young and aged behaviorally characterized male rats. Statistical filtering identified brain aging and potential cognitive reserve genes, and multiple regression was employed to confirm cognitive reserve genes as genes that predicted better-than-expected cognition for a given level of brain aging. In general, cognitive reserve genes, in which increased expression was associated with better cognition, were not different with age or directly correlated with measures of cognition and appear to act as negative regulators of aging processes, including neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The results suggest that, for some animals, resilience mechanisms are activated to counteract aging stressors that impair cognition. In contrast, cognitive reserve genes, in which decreased expression was associated with better cognition, were linked to nervous system development and cation transport, suggesting adaptive changes in the circuit to preserve cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney Yegla
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Genetics and Genomics Program University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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17
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Brito DVC, Gulmez Karaca K, Kupke J, Mudlaff F, Zeuch B, Gomes R, Lopes LV, Oliveira AMM. Modeling human age-associated increase in Gadd45γ expression leads to spatial recognition memory impairments in young adult mice. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 94:281-286. [PMID: 32711258 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with the progressive decay of cognitive function. Hippocampus-dependent processes, such as the formation of spatial memory, are particularly vulnerable to aging. Currently, the molecular mechanisms responsible for age-dependent cognitive decline are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the expression and function of the growth arrest DNA damage gamma (Gadd45γ) during aging and cognition. We report that Gadd45γ expression is increased in the hippocampus of aged humans and that Gadd45γ overexpression in the young adult mouse hippocampus compromises cognition. Moreover, Gadd45γ overexpression in hippocampal neurons disrupted cAMP response element-binding protein signaling and the expression of well-established activity-regulated genes. This work shows that Gadd45γ expression is tightly controlled in the hippocampus and its disruption may be a mechanism contributing to age-related cognitive impairments observed in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- David V C Brito
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Centre for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kubra Gulmez Karaca
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Centre for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Janina Kupke
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Centre for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Mudlaff
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Centre for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Zeuch
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Centre for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Directors' Research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rui Gomes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luísa V Lopes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana M M Oliveira
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Centre for Neurosciences (IZN), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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18
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Creighton SD, Stefanelli G, Reda A, Zovkic IB. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Learning and Memory: Implications for Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6918. [PMID: 32967185 PMCID: PMC7554829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuronal epigenome is highly sensitive to external events and its function is vital for producing stable behavioral outcomes, such as the formation of long-lasting memories. The importance of epigenetic regulation in memory is now well established and growing evidence points to altered epigenome function in the aging brain as a contributing factor to age-related memory decline. In this review, we first summarize the typical role of epigenetic factors in memory processing in a healthy young brain, then discuss the aspects of this system that are altered with aging. There is general agreement that many epigenetic marks are modified with aging, but there are still substantial inconsistencies in the precise nature of these changes and their link with memory decline. Here, we discuss the potential source of age-related changes in the epigenome and their implications for therapeutic intervention in age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha D. Creighton
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; (S.D.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Gilda Stefanelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; (S.D.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Anas Reda
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada;
| | - Iva B. Zovkic
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada; (S.D.C.); (G.S.)
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada;
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19
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Barter J, Kumar A, Rani A, Colon-Perez LM, Febo M, Foster TC. Differential Effect of Repeated Lipopolysaccharide Treatment and Aging on Hippocampal Function and Biomarkers of Hippocampal Senescence. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4045-4059. [PMID: 32651758 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Markers of brain aging and cognitive decline are thought to be influenced by peripheral inflammation. This study compared the effects of repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in young rats to age-related changes in hippocampal-dependent cognition and transcription. Young Fischer 344 X Brown Norway hybrid rats were given intraperitoneal injections once a week for 7 weeks with either LPS or vehicle. Older rats received a similar injection schedule of vehicle. Old vehicle and young LPS rats exhibited a delay-dependent impairment in spatial memory. Further, LPS treatment reduced the hippocampal CA3-CA1 synaptic response. RNA sequencing, performed on CA1, indicated an increase in genes linked to neuroinflammation in old vehicle and young LPS animals. In contrast to an age-related decrease in transcription of synaptic genes, young LPS animals exhibited increased expression of genes that support the growth and maintenance of synapses. We suggest that the increased expression of genes for growth and maintenance of synapses in young animals represents neuronal resilience/recovery in response to acute systemic inflammation. Thus, the results indicate that repeated LPS treatment does not completely recapitulate the aging phenotype for synaptic function, possibly due to the chronic nature of systemic inflammation in aging and resilience of young animals to acute treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolie Barter
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0244, USA
| | - Asha Rani
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0244, USA
| | - Luis M Colon-Perez
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Marcelo Febo
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0244, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0244, USA. .,Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611, FL, USA.
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20
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Muñoz P, Ardiles ÁO, Pérez-Espinosa B, Núñez-Espinosa C, Paula-Lima A, González-Billault C, Espinosa-Parrilla Y. Redox modifications in synaptic components as biomarkers of cognitive status, in brain aging and disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 189:111250. [PMID: 32433996 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process that includes several changes that gradually make organisms degenerate and die. Harman's theory proposes that aging is a consequence of the progressive accumulation of oxidative modifications mediated by reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, which plays an essential role in the development and progression of many neurodegenerative diseases. This review will focus on how abnormal redox modifications induced by age impair the functionality of neuronal redox-sensitive proteins involved in axonal elongation and guidance, synaptic plasticity, and intercellular communication. We will discuss post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by microRNAs as a mechanism that controls the neuronal redox state. Finally, we will discuss how some brain-permeant antioxidants from the diet have a beneficial effect on cognition. Taken together, the evidence revised here indicates that oxidative-driven modifications of specific proteins and changes in microRNA expression may be useful biomarkers for aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Also, some specific antioxidant therapies have undoubtedly beneficial neuroprotective effects when administered in the correct doses, in the ideal formulation combination, and during the appropriate therapeutic window. The use of some antioxidants is, therefore, still poorly explored for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Muñoz
- Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Translational Neurology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Biomedical Research Center, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network.
| | - Álvaro O Ardiles
- Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Translational Neurology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network; Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroscience of Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Health Studies, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Boris Pérez-Espinosa
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network; Laboratorio biología de la Reproduccion, Departamento Biomédico, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network; School of Medicine, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Andrea Paula-Lima
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network; Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry; Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI) and Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian González-Billault
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network; Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA.
| | - Yolanda Espinosa-Parrilla
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network; School of Medicine, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile; Laboratory of Molecular Medicine - LMM, Center for Education, Healthcare and Investigation - CADI, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile.
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21
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Erbaba B, Burhan ÖP, Şerifoğlu N, Muratoğlu B, Kahveci F, Adams MM, Arslan-Ergül A. Zebrafish brain RNA sequencing reveals that cell adhesion molecules are critical in brain aging. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 94:164-175. [PMID: 32629311 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Brain aging is a complex process, which involves multiple pathways including various components from cellular to molecular. This study aimed to investigate the gene expression changes in zebrafish brains through young-adult to adult, and adult to old age. RNA sequencing was performed on isolated neuronal cells from zebrafish brains. The cells were enriched in progenitor cell markers, which are known to diminish throughout the aging process. We found 176 statistically significant, differentially expressed genes among the groups, and identified a group of genes based on gene ontology descriptions, which were classified as cell adhesion molecules. The relevance of these genes was further tested in another set of zebrafish brains, human healthy, and Alzheimer's disease brain samples, as well as in Allen Brain Atlas data. We observed that the expression change of 2 genes, GJC2 and ALCAM, during the aging process was consistent in all experimental sets. Our findings provide a new set of markers for healthy brain aging and suggest new targets for therapeutic approaches to neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begün Erbaba
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Aysel Sabuncu Brain Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Zebrafish Facility, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Pelin Burhan
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Aysel Sabuncu Brain Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Zebrafish Facility, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naz Şerifoğlu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Aysel Sabuncu Brain Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Zebrafish Facility, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Stem Cell Research and Application Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bihter Muratoğlu
- Stem Cell Research and Application Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Kahveci
- Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Michelle M Adams
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Aysel Sabuncu Brain Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center and Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Zebrafish Facility, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Psychology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; UMRAM, National Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayça Arslan-Ergül
- Stem Cell Research and Application Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Hippocampal Subregion Transcriptomic Profiles Reflect Strategy Selection during Cognitive Aging. J Neurosci 2020; 40:4888-4899. [PMID: 32376783 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2944-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related cognitive impairments are associated with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) linked to defined neural systems; however, studies examining multiple regions of the hippocampus fail to find links between behavior and transcription in the dentate gyrus (DG). We hypothesized that use of a task requiring intact DG function would emphasize molecular signals in the DG associated with a decline in performance. We used a water maze beacon discrimination task to characterize young and middle-age male F344 rats, followed by a spatial reference memory probe trial test. Middle-age rats showed increased variability in discriminating two identical beacons. Use of an allocentric strategy and formation of a spatial reference memory were not different between age groups; however, older animals compensated for impaired beacon discrimination through greater reliance on spatial reference memory. mRNA sequencing of hippocampal subregions indicated DEGs in the DG of middle-age rats, linked to synaptic function and neurogenesis, correlated with beacon discrimination performance, suggesting that senescence of the DG underlies the impairment. Few genes correlated with spatial memory across age groups, with a greater number in region CA1. Age-related CA1 DEGs, correlated with spatial memory, were linked to regulation of neural activity. These results indicate that the beacon task is sensitive to impairment in middle age, and distinct gene profiles are observed in neural circuits that underlie beacon discrimination performance and allocentric memory. The use of different strategies in older animals and associated transcriptional profiles could provide an animal model for examining cognitive reserve and neural compensation of aging.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Hippocampal subregions are thought to differentially contribute to memory. We took advantage of age-related variability in performance on a water maze beacon task and next-generation sequencing to test the hypothesis that aging of the dentate gyrus is linked to impaired beacon discrimination and compensatory use of allocentric memory. The dentate gyrus expressed synaptic function and neurogenesis genes correlated with beacon discrimination in middle-age animals. Spatial reference memory was associated with CA1 transcriptional correlates linked to regulation of neural activity and use of an allocentric strategy. This is the first study examining transcriptomes of multiple hippocampal subregions to link age-related impairments associated with discrimination of feature overlap and alternate response strategies to gene expression in specific hippocampal subregions.
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Myrum C, Kittleson J, De S, Fletcher BR, Castellano J, Kundu G, Becker KG, Rapp PR. Survey of the Arc Epigenetic Landscape in Normal Cognitive Aging. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2727-2740. [PMID: 32333254 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by aberrant gene expression that ultimately affects brain plasticity and the capacity to form long-term memories. Immediate-early genes (IEGs) play an active role in these processes. Using a rat model of normal cognitive aging, we found that the expression of Egr1 and c-Fos was associated with chronological age, whereas Arc was more tightly linked to cognitive outcomes in aging. More specifically, constitutive Arc expression was significantly elevated in aged rats with memory impairment compared to cognitively intact aged rats and young adult animals. Since alterations in the neuroepigenetic mechanisms that gate hippocampal gene expression are also associated with cognitive outcome in aging, we narrowed our focus on examining potential epigenetic mechanisms that may lead to aberrant Arc expression. Employing a multilevel analytical approach using bisulfite sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitations, and micrococcal nuclease digestion, we identified CpG sites in the Arc promoter that were coupled to poor cognitive outcomes in aging, histone marks that were similarly coupled to spatial memory deficits, and nucleosome positioning that also varied depending on cognitive status. Together, these findings paint a diverse and complex picture of the Arc epigenetic landscape in cognitive aging and bolster a body of work, indicating that dysfunctional epigenetic regulation is associated with memory impairment in the aged brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Myrum
- Neurocognitive Aging Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Joshua Kittleson
- Neurocognitive Aging Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Supriyo De
- Computational Biology Core, Laboratory of Genetics & Genomics (LGG), National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bonnie R Fletcher
- Neurocognitive Aging Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - James Castellano
- Neurocognitive Aging Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Gautam Kundu
- Computational Biology Core, Laboratory of Genetics & Genomics (LGG), National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin G Becker
- Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter R Rapp
- Neurocognitive Aging Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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24
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Pretsch G, Sanadgol N, Smidak R, Lubec J, Korz V, Höger H, Zappe K, Cichna‑Markl M, Lubec G. Doublecortin and IGF-1R protein levels are reduced in spite of unchanged DNA methylation in the hippocampus of aged rats. Amino Acids 2020; 52:543-553. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02834-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Deng W, Xing C, David R, Mastroeni D, Ning M, Lo EH, Coleman PD. AmpliSeq Transcriptome of Laser Captured Neurons from Alzheimer Brain: Comparison of Single Cell Versus Neuron Pools. Aging Dis 2019; 10:1146-1158. [PMID: 31788328 PMCID: PMC6844587 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in older adults. However, the pathogenesis of AD remains to be fully understood and clinically effective treatments are lacking. Recent advances in single cell RNA sequencing offers an opportunity to characterize the heterogeneity of cell response and explore the molecular mechanism of complex diseases at a single cell level. Here, we present the application of the Ion AmpliSeq transcriptome approach to profile gene expression in single laser captured neurons as well as pooled 10 and 100 neurons from hippocampal CA1 of AD brains versus matching normal aged brains. Our results demonstrated the high sensitivity and high genome coverage of the AmpliSeq transcriptome in single cell sequencing. In addition to capturing the known changes related to AD, our data confirmed the diversity of neuronal profiles in AD brain, which allow the potential identification of single cell response that might be hidden in population analyses. Notably, we also revealed the extensive inhibition of olfactory signaling and confirmed the reduction of neurotransmitter receptors in AD hippocampus. We conclude that although single neuron data show more variance than data from 10 or 100 pooled neurons, single neuron data can be informative. These findings support the utility of the Ion AmpliSeq method for obtaining and analyzing gene expression data from single defined laser captured neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Deng
- 1Neuroprotection Research Laboratories, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02192, USA.,2Clinical Proteomics Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Changhong Xing
- 1Neuroprotection Research Laboratories, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02192, USA.,3Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rob David
- 4Thermo-Fisher Scientific, Salem, MA 02114, USA
| | - Diego Mastroeni
- 5ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - MingMing Ning
- 1Neuroprotection Research Laboratories, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02192, USA.,2Clinical Proteomics Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Eng H Lo
- 1Neuroprotection Research Laboratories, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02192, USA
| | - Paul D Coleman
- 5ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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26
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Kushwaha A, Thakur MK. Increase in hippocampal histone H3K9me3 is negatively correlated with memory in old male mice. Biogerontology 2019; 21:175-189. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-019-09850-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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27
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Zhao L, Zhang C, Cao G, Dong X, Li D, Jiang L. Higher Circulating Trimethylamine N-oxide Sensitizes Sevoflurane-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Aged Rats Probably by Downregulating Hippocampal Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2506-2516. [PMID: 31486012 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has recently been shown to promote oxidative stress and inflammation in the peripheral tissues, contributing to the pathogenesis of many diseases. Here we examined whether pre-existing higher circulating TMAO would influence cognitive function in aged rats after anesthetic sevoflurane exposure. Aged rats received vehicle or TMAO treatment for 3 weeks. After 2 weeks of treatment, these animals were exposed to either control or 2.6% sevoflurane for 4 h. One week after exposure, freezing as measured by fear conditioning test, microglia activity, proinflammatory cytokine expression and NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the hippocampus (a key brain structure involved in learning and memory) were comparable between vehicle-treated rats exposed to control and vehicle-treated rats exposed to sevoflurane. TMAO treatment, which increased plasma TMAO before and 1 week after control or sevoflurane exposure, significantly reduced freezing to contextual fear conditioning, which was associated with increases in microglia activity, proinflammatory cytokine expression and NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production in the hippocampus in rats exposed to sevoflurane but not in rats exposed to control. Moreover, hippocampal expression of antioxidant enzyme methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) was reduced by TMAO treatment in both groups, and TMAO-induced reduction in MsrA expression was negatively correlated with increased proinflammatory cytokine expression in rats exposed to SEV. These findings suggest that pre-existing higher circulating TMAO downregulates antioxidant enzyme MsrA in the hippocampus, which may sensitize the hippocampus to oxidative stress, resulting in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in aged rats after sevoflurane exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 960th Hospital of the PLA in Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanyang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 960th Hospital of the PLA in Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Guilin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 960th Hospital of the PLA in Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xueyi Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 960th Hospital of the PLA in Zibo, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Dongliang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, PKU Care Zibo Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China.
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28
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Foster TC. Senescent neurophysiology: Ca 2+ signaling from the membrane to the nucleus. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 164:107064. [PMID: 31394200 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The current review provides a historical perspective on the evolution of hypothesized mechanisms for senescent neurophysiology, focused on the CA1 region of the hippocampus, and the relationship of senescent neurophysiology to impaired hippocampal-dependent memory. Senescent neurophysiology involves processes linked to calcium (Ca2+) signaling including an increase in the Ca2+-dependent afterhyperpolarization (AHP), decreasing pyramidal cell excitability, hyporesponsiveness of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function, and a shift in Ca2+-dependent synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation of intracellular Ca2+ and downstream signaling of kinase and phosphatase activity lies at the core of senescent neurophysiology. Ca2+-dysregulation involves a decrease in Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptors and an increase release of Ca2+ from internal Ca2+ stores. Recent work has identified changes in redox signaling, arising in middle-age, as an initiating factor for senescent neurophysiology. The shift in redox state links processes of aging, oxidative stress and inflammation, with functional changes in mechanisms required for episodic memory. The link between age-related changes in Ca2+ signaling, epigenetics and gene expression is an exciting area of research. Pharmacological and behavioral intervention, initiated in middle-age, can promote memory function by initiating transcription of neuroprotective genes and rejuvenating neurophysiology. However, with more advanced age, or under conditions of neurodegenerative disease, epigenetic changes may weaken the link between environmental influences and transcription, decreasing resilience of memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience and Genetics and Genomics Program, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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29
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Lubec J, Smidak R, Malikovic J, Feyissa DD, Korz V, Höger H, Lubec G. Dentate Gyrus Peroxiredoxin 6 Levels Discriminate Aged Unimpaired From Impaired Rats in a Spatial Memory Task. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:198. [PMID: 31417400 PMCID: PMC6684764 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Similar to humans, the normal aged rat population is not homogeneous in terms of cognitive function. Two distinct subpopulations of aged Sprague-Dawley rats can be identified on the basis of spatial memory performance in the hole-board paradigm. It was the aim of the study to reveal protein changes relevant to aging and spatial memory performance. Aged impaired (AI) and unimpaired (AU) male rats, 22-24 months old were selected from a large cohort of 160 animals; young animals served as control. Enriched synaptosomal fractions from dentate gyrus from behaviorally characterized old animals were used for isobaric tags labeling based quantitative proteomic analysis. As differences in peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) levels were a pronounced finding, PRDX6 levels were also quantified by immunoblotting. AI showed impaired spatial memory abilities while AU performed comparably to young animals. Our study demonstrates substantial quantitative alteration of proteins involved in energy metabolism, inflammation and synaptic plasticity during aging. Moreover, we identified protein changes specifically coupled to memory performance of aged rats. PRDX6 levels clearly differentiated AI from AU and levels in AU were comparable to those of young animals. In addition, it was observed that stochasticity in protein levels increased with age and discriminate between AI and AU groups. Moreover, there was a significantly higher variability of protein levels in AI. PRDX6 is a member of the PRDX family and well-defined as a cystein-1 PRDX that reduces and detoxifies hydroxyperoxides. It is well-known and documented that the aging brain shows increased active oxygen species but so far no study proposed a potential target with antioxidant activity that would discriminate between impaired and unimpaired memory performers. Current data, representing so far the largest proteomics data set in aging dentate gyrus (DG), provide the first evidence for a probable role of PRDX6 in memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Lubec
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Roman Smidak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jovana Malikovic
- Core Unit of Biomedical Research, Division of Laboratory Animal Science and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Himberg, Austria
| | - Daniel Daba Feyissa
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Volker Korz
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Harald Höger
- Core Unit of Biomedical Research, Division of Laboratory Animal Science and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Himberg, Austria
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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30
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Age and Sex Influence the Hippocampal Response and Recovery Following Sepsis. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8557-8572. [PMID: 31278440 PMCID: PMC6834928 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01681-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although in-hospital mortality rates for sepsis have decreased, survivors often experience lasting physical and cognitive deficits. Moreover, older adults are more vulnerable to long-term complications associated with sepsis. We employed a murine model to examine the influence of age and sex on the brain’s response and recovery following sepsis. Young (~ 4 months) and old (~ 20 months) mice (C57BL/6) of both sexes underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) with restraint stress. The hippocampal transcriptome was examined in age- and sex-matched controls at 1 and 4 days post-CLP. In general, immune- and stress-related genes increased, while neuronal, synaptic, and glial genes decreased 1 day after CLP-induced sepsis. However, specific age and sex differences were observed for the initial responsiveness to sepsis as well as the rate of recovery examined on day 4. Young females exhibited a muted transcriptional response relative to young males and old females. Old females exhibited a robust shift in gene transcription on day 1, and while most genes recovered, genes linked to neurogenesis and myelination continued to be downregulated by day 4. In contrast, old males exhibited a more delayed or prolonged response to sepsis, such that neuronal and synaptic genes continued to decrease while immune response genes continued to increase on day 4. These results suggest that aging is associated with delayed recovery from sepsis, which is particularly evident in males.
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31
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Hippocampal sub-regional differences in the microRNA response to forebrain ischemia. Mol Cell Neurosci 2019; 98:164-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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32
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Ryan L, Hay M, Huentelman MJ, Duarte A, Rundek T, Levin B, Soldan A, Pettigrew C, Mehl MR, Barnes CA. Precision Aging: Applying Precision Medicine to the Field of Cognitive Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:128. [PMID: 31231204 PMCID: PMC6568195 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current "one size fits all" approach to our cognitive aging population is not adequate to close the gap between cognitive health span and lifespan. In this review article, we present a novel model for understanding, preventing, and treating age-related cognitive impairment (ARCI) based on concepts borrowed from precision medicine. We will discuss how multiple risk factors can be classified into risk categories because of their interrelatedness in real life, the genetic variants that increase sensitivity to, or ameliorate, risk for ARCI, and the brain drivers or common mechanisms mediating brain aging. Rather than providing a definitive model of risk for ARCI and cognitive decline, the Precision Aging model is meant as a starting point to guide future research. To that end, after briefly discussing key risk categories, genetic risks, and brain drivers, we conclude with a discussion of steps that must be taken to move the field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Ryan
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Meredith Hay
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Matt J. Huentelman
- Neurobehavioral Research Unit, Division of Neurological Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Audrey Duarte
- Center for Advanced Brain Imaging, School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Clinical and Translational Research Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Bonnie Levin
- Neuropsychology Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Anja Soldan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Corinne Pettigrew
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Matthias R. Mehl
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carol A. Barnes
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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33
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Harman MF, Martín MG. Epigenetic mechanisms related to cognitive decline during aging. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:234-246. [PMID: 31045277 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive decline is a hallmark of the aging nervous system, characterized by increasing memory loss and a deterioration of mental capacity, which in turn creates a favorable context for the development of neurodegenerative diseases. One of the most detrimental alterations that occur at the molecular level in the brain during aging is the modification of the epigenetic mechanisms that control gene expression. As a result of these epigenetic-driven changes in the transcriptome most of the functions of the brain including synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory decline with aging. The epigenetic mechanisms altered during aging include DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome remodeling, and microRNA-mediated gene regulation. In this review, we examine the current evidence concerning the changes of epigenetic modifications together with the molecular mechanisms underlying impaired neuronal gene transcription during aging. Herein, we discuss the alterations of DNA methylation pattern that occur in old neurons. We will also describe the most prominent age-related histone posttranslational modifications in the brain since changes in acetylation and methylation of specific lysine residues on H3 and H4 are associated to functional decline in the old. In addition, we discuss the role that changes in the levels of certain miRNAs would play in cognitive decline with aging. Finally, we provide an overview about the mechanisms either extrinsic or intrinsic that would trigger epigenetic changes in the aging brain, and the consequences of these changes, i.e., altered transcriptional profile and reactivation of transposable elements in old brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Harman
- Instituto Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mauricio G Martín
- Instituto Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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34
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Kumar A, Rani A, Scheinert RB, Ormerod BK, Foster TC. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin improves spatial memory and NMDA receptor function in aged animals. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 70:184-193. [PMID: 30031231 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A redox-mediated decrease in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function contributes to psychiatric diseases and impaired cognition during aging. Inflammation provides a potential source of reactive oxygen species for inducing NMDA receptor hypofunction. The present study tested the hypothesis that the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin, which improves spatial episodic memory in aging rats, would enhance NMDA receptor function through a shift in the redox state. Male F344 young and aged rats were prescreened using a 1-day version of the water maze task. Animals were then treated with the indomethacin or vehicle, delivered in a frozen milk treat (orally, twice per day, 18 days), and retested on the water maze. Indomethacin treatment enhanced water maze performance. Hippocampal slices were prepared for examination of CA3-CA1 synaptic responses, long-term potentiation, and NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic responses. No effect of treatment was observed for the total synaptic response. Long-term potentiation magnitude and NMDA receptor input-output curves were enhanced for aged indomethacin-treated animals. To examine redox regulation of NMDA receptors, a second group of aged animals was treated with indomethacin or vehicle, and the effect of the reducing agent, dithiothreitol ([DTT], 0.5 mM) on NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic responses was evaluated. As expected, DTT increased the NMDA receptor response and the effect of DTT was reduced by indomethacin treatment. The results indicate that indomethacin acted to diminish the age-related and redox-mediated NMDA receptor hypofunction and suggest that inflammation contributes to cognitive impairment through an increase in redox stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Asha Rani
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rachel B Scheinert
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, J. Crayton Pruitt Family, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brandi K Ormerod
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, J. Crayton Pruitt Family, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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35
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Abstract
Gene expression in the aging brain depends on transcription signals generated by senescent physiology, interacting with genetic and epigenetic programs. In turn, environmental factors influence epigenetic mechanisms, such that an epigenetic-environmental link may contribute to the accumulation of cellular damage, susceptibility or resilience to stressors, and variability in the trajectory of age-related cognitive decline. Epigenetic mechanisms, DNA methylation and histone modifications, alter chromatin structure and the accessibility of DNA. Furthermore, small non-coding RNA, termed microRNA (miRNA) bind to messenger RNA (mRNA) to regulate translation. In this review, we examine key questions concerning epigenetic mechanisms in regulating the expression of genes associated with brain aging and age-related cognitive decline. In addition, we highlight the interaction of epigenetics with senescent physiology and environmental factors in regulating transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolie D Barter
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas C Foster
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,2 Genetics and Genomics Program, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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