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Mächtel R, Dobert J, Hehr U, Weiss A, Kettwig M, Laugwitz L, Groeschel S, Schmidt M, Arnold P, Regensburger M, Zunke F. Late-onset Krabbe disease presenting as spastic paraplegia - implications of GCase and CTSB/D. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:1715-1731. [PMID: 38837642 PMCID: PMC11251474 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Krabbe disease (KD) is a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder with severe disability and premature death, mostly with an infancy/childhood onset. In rare cases of late-onset phenotypes, symptoms are often milder and difficult to diagnose. We here present a translational approach combining diagnostic and biochemical analyses of a male patient with a progressive gait disorder starting at the age of 44 years, with a final diagnosis of late-onset KD (LOKD). METHODS Additionally to cerebral MRI, protein structural analyses of the β-galactocerebrosidase protein (GALC) were performed. Moreover, expression, lysosomal localization, and activities of β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), cathepsin B (CTSB), and cathepsin D (CTSD) were analyzed in leukocytes, fibroblasts, and lysosomes of fibroblasts. RESULTS Exome sequencing revealed biallelic likely pathogenic variants: GALC exons 11-17: 33 kb deletion; exon 4: missense variant (c.334A>G, p.Thr112Ala). We detected a reduced GALC activity in leukocytes and fibroblasts. While histological KD phenotypes were absent in fibroblasts, they showed a significantly decreased activities of GCase, CTSB, and CTSD in lysosomal fractions, while expression levels were unaffected. INTERPRETATION The presented LOKD case underlines the age-dependent appearance of a mildly pathogenic GALC variant and its interplay with other lysosomal proteins. As GALC malfunction results in reduced ceramide levels, we assume this to be causative for the here described decrease in CTSB and CTSD activity, potentially leading to diminished GCase activity. Hence, we emphasize the importance of a functional interplay between the lysosomal enzymes GALC, CTSB, CTSD, and GCase, as well as between their substrates, and propose their conjoined contribution in KD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Mächtel
- Department of Molecular NeurologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Jan‐Philipp Dobert
- Department of Molecular NeurologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Ute Hehr
- Center for Human GeneticsRegensburgGermany
| | - Alexander Weiss
- Department of Molecular NeurologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
| | - Matthias Kettwig
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric NeurologyUniversity Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Lucia Laugwitz
- Department of Pediatric NeurologyUniversity Children's Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Samuel Groeschel
- Department of Pediatric NeurologyUniversity Children's Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany
| | | | - Philipp Arnold
- Institute of Functional and Clinical AnatomyFAUErlangenGermany
| | - Martin Regensburger
- Department of Molecular NeurologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
- Department of Stem Cell BiologyFAUErlangenGermany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI)University Hospital ErlangenErlangenGermany
| | - Friederike Zunke
- Department of Molecular NeurologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)ErlangenGermany
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Firdaus Z, Li X. Unraveling the Genetic Landscape of Neurological Disorders: Insights into Pathogenesis, Techniques for Variant Identification, and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2320. [PMID: 38396996 PMCID: PMC10889342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic abnormalities play a crucial role in the development of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Genetic exploration has indeed contributed to unraveling the molecular complexities responsible for the etiology and progression of various NDDs. The intricate nature of rare and common variants in NDDs contributes to a limited understanding of the genetic risk factors associated with them. Advancements in next-generation sequencing have made whole-genome sequencing and whole-exome sequencing possible, allowing the identification of rare variants with substantial effects, and improving the understanding of both Mendelian and complex neurological conditions. The resurgence of gene therapy holds the promise of targeting the etiology of diseases and ensuring a sustained correction. This approach is particularly enticing for neurodegenerative diseases, where traditional pharmacological methods have fallen short. In the context of our exploration of the genetic epidemiology of the three most prevalent NDDs-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, our primary goal is to underscore the progress made in the development of next-generation sequencing. This progress aims to enhance our understanding of the disease mechanisms and explore gene-based therapies for NDDs. Throughout this review, we focus on genetic variations, methodologies for their identification, the associated pathophysiology, and the promising potential of gene therapy. Ultimately, our objective is to provide a comprehensive and forward-looking perspective on the emerging research arena of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeba Firdaus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Zhao M, Liu A, Wu J, Mo L, Lu F, Wan G. Il1r2 and Tnfrsf12a in transcranial magnetic stimulation effect of ischemic stroke via bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36109. [PMID: 38277520 PMCID: PMC10817048 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke refers to ischemic necrosis or softening of localized brain tissue. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a painless, noninvasive and green treatment method, which acts on the central nervous system through a pulsed magnetic field to assist in the treatment of central nervous system injury diseases. However, the role of Il1r2 and Tnfrsf12a in this is unknown. The ischemic stroke datasets GSE81302 and TMS datasets GSE230148 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed. The construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and functional enrichment analysis were performed. Draw heat map gene expression. Through the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) to find the most relevant and core gene diseases. TargetScan was used to screen miRNAs regulating DEGs. A total of 39 DEGs were identified. According to gene ontology (GO) analysis results, in biological process (BP) analysis, they were mainly enriched in the positive regulation of apoptosis process, inflammatory response, positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade, and regulation of cell cycle. In cellular component (CC) analysis, they were mainly enriched in the cell surface, cytoplasm, and extracellular space. In Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, they were mainly enriched in nf-κB signaling pathway, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, P53 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and apoptosis. Among the enrichment items of metascape, negative regulation of T cell activation, hematopoietic cell lineage, positive regulation of apoptotic process, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis were observed in GO enrichment items. Five core genes (Socs3, Irf1, Il1r2, Ccr1, and Tnfrsf12a) were obtained, which were highly expressed in ischemic stroke samples. Il1r2 and Tnfrsf12a were lowly expressed in TMS samples. CTD analysis found that the core gene (Socs3, Irf1 and Il1r2, Ccr1, Tnfrsf12a) and ischemic stroke, atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, thrombosis, stroke, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, and inflammation. Il1r2 and Tnfrsf12a are highly expressed in ischemic stroke, but lowly expressed in TMS samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhao
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing
| | - Aixian Liu
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing
| | - Jiaojiao Wu
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing
| | - Linhong Mo
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing
| | - Fang Lu
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing
| | - Guiling Wan
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing
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Flores-Leon M, Outeiro TF. More than meets the eye in Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies: from proteinopathy to lipidopathy. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 146:369-385. [PMID: 37421475 PMCID: PMC10412683 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of proteinaceous inclusions in the brain is a common feature among neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease (PD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The main neuropathological hallmark of PD and DLB are inclusions, known as Lewy bodies (LBs), enriched not only in α-synuclein (aSyn), but also in lipid species, organelles, membranes, and even nucleic acids. Furthermore, several genetic risk factors for PD are mutations in genes involved in lipid metabolism, such as GBA1, VSP35, or PINK1. Thus, it is not surprising that mechanisms that have been implicated in PD, such as inflammation, altered intracellular and vesicular trafficking, mitochondrial dysfunction, and alterations in the protein degradation systems, may be also directly or indirectly connected through lipid homeostasis. In this review, we highlight and discuss the recent evidence that suggests lipid biology as important drivers of PD, and which require renovated attention by neuropathologists. Particularly, we address the implication of lipids in aSyn accumulation and in the spreading of aSyn pathology, in mitochondrial dysfunction, and in ER stress. Together, this suggests we should broaden the view of PD not only as a proteinopathy but also as a lipidopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Flores-Leon
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Tiago Fleming Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Göttingen, Germany.
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
- Scientific Employee with an Honorary Contract at Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.
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Siddiqui AJ, Jahan S, Chaturvedi S, Siddiqui MA, Alshahrani MM, Abdelgadir A, Hamadou WS, Saxena J, Sundararaj BK, Snoussi M, Badraoui R, Adnan M. Therapeutic Role of ELOVL in Neurological Diseases. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:9764-9774. [PMID: 36969404 PMCID: PMC10034982 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids play an important role in controlling the energy balance of mammals. De novo lipogenesis also generates a significant amount of lipids that are endogenously produced in addition to their ingestion. Fatty acid elongation beyond 16 carbons (palmitic acid), which can lead to the production of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA), can be caused by the rate-limiting condensation process. Seven elongases, ELOVL1-7, have been identified in mammals and each has a unique substrate specificity. Researchers have recently developed a keen interest in the elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 1 (ELOVL1) enzyme as a potential treatment for a variety of diseases. A number of neurological disorders directly or indirectly related to ELOVL1 involve the elongation of monounsaturated (C20:1 and C22:1) and saturated (C18:0-C26:0) acyl-CoAs. VLCFAs and ELOVL1 have a direct impact on the neurological disease. Other neurological symptoms such as ichthyotic keratoderma, spasticity, and hypomyelination have also been linked to the major enzyme (ELOVL1). Recently, ELOVL1 has also been heavily used to treat a number of diseases. The current review focuses on in-depth unique insights regarding the role of ELOVL1 as a therapeutic target and associated neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Jahan
- Department
of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Swati Chaturvedi
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pre-Clinical North, Lab-106, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Maqsood Ahmed Siddiqui
- Department
of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medial Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelmushin Abdelgadir
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Sabri Hamadou
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juhi Saxena
- Department
of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, NH-95, Chandigarh State Hwy, Ludhiana, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Bharath K. Sundararaj
- School
of Dental Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Boston University, Medical Campus Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
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MAO-B Polymorphism Associated with Progression in a Chinese Parkinson’s Disease Cohort but Not in the PPMI Cohort. PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 2022:3481102. [PMID: 36164437 PMCID: PMC9509281 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3481102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Genetic factors play an important role in Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. However, the genetic contribution to progression in Chinese PD patients has rarely been studied. This study investigated genetic associations with progression based on 30 PD risk loci common in a longitudinal cohort of Chinese PD patients and the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohort. Methods PD patients from the true world (TW) Chinese PD longitudinal cohort and the PPMI cohort with demographic information and assessment scales were assessed. A panel containing 30 PD risk single nucleotide polymorphisms was tested. Progression rates of each scale were derived from random-effect slope values of mixed-effects regression models. Progression rates of multiple assessments were combined by using principal component analysis (PCA) to derive scores for composite, motor, and nonmotor progression. The association of genetic polymorphism and separate scales or PCA progression was analysed via linear regression. Results In the Chinese PD cohort, MAOB rs1799836 was associated with progression based on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the top 3 principal components (PCs) of nonmotor PCA and PC1 of the composite PCA. In the PPMI cohort, both MDS-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale II and motor PC1 progression were associated with RIT2 rs12456492. The PARK16 haplotype was associated with Geriatric Depression Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults progression, and the SNCA haplotype was associated with the Hoehn-Yahr staging progression and motor PC1 progression. Ethnicity-stratified analysis showed that the association between MAOB rs1799836 and PD progression may be specific to Asian or Chinese patients. Conclusion MAOB rs1799836 was associated with the progression of nonmotor symptoms, especially cognitive impairment, and the composite progression of motor and nonmotor symptoms within our Chinese PD cohort. The RIT2 rs12456492 and SNCA haplotypes were associated with motor function decline, and the PARK16 haplotype was associated with progression in mood in the PPMI cohort.
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Balbo I, Montarolo F, Genovese F, Tempia F, Hoxha E. Effects of the administration of Elovl5-dependent fatty acids on a spino-cerebellar ataxia 38 mouse model. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS : BBF 2022; 18:8. [PMID: 35933444 PMCID: PMC9357323 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-022-00194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Spinocerebellar ataxia 38 (SCA38) is a rare autosomal neurological disorder characterized by ataxia and cerebellar atrophy. SCA38 is caused by mutations of ELOVL5 gene. ELOVL5 gene encodes a protein, which elongates long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Knockout mice lacking Elovl5 recapitulate SCA38 symptoms, including motor coordination impairment and disruption of cerebellar architecture. We asked whether, in Elovl5 knockout mice (Elovl5−/−), a diet with both ω3 and ω6 PUFAs downstream Elovl5 can prevent the development of SCA38 symptoms, and at which age such treatment is more effective. Elovl5−/− mice were fed either with a diet without or containing PUFAs downstream the Elovl5 enzyme, starting at different ages. Motor behavior was assessed by the balance beam test and cerebellar structure by morphometric analysis. Results The administration from birth of the diet containing PUFAs downstream Elovl5 led to a significant amelioration of the motor performance in the beam test of Elovl5−/− mice, with a reduction of foot slip errors at 6 months from 2.2 ± 0.3 to 1.3 ± 0.2 and at 8 months from 3.1 ± 0.5 to 1.9 ± 0.3. On the contrary, administration at 1 month of age or later had no effect on the motor impairment. The cerebellar Purkinje cell layer and the white matter area of Elovl5−/ −mice were not rescued even by the administration of diet from birth, suggesting that the improvement of motor performance in the beam test was due to a functional recovery of the cerebellar circuitry. Conclusions These results suggest that the dietary intervention in SCA38, whenever possible, should be started from birth or as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Balbo
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Francesca Montarolo
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Genovese
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Filippo Tempia
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Eriola Hoxha
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy. .,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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Xiong R, Zhang B. Association of HMOX-1 rs2071747 with sporadic Parkinson’s disease in southern Han Chinese. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:3671-3675. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05830-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tripathi A, Fanning S, Dettmer U. Lipotoxicity Downstream of α-Synuclein Imbalance: A Relevant Pathomechanism in Synucleinopathies? Biomolecules 2021; 12:40. [PMID: 35053188 PMCID: PMC8774010 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease and related brain diseases has been firmly linked to the abundant neuronal protein α-synuclein (αS). However, we have gained surprisingly little insight into how exactly αS exerts toxicity in these diseases. Hypotheses of proteotoxicity, disturbed vesicle trafficking, mitochondrial dysfunction and other toxicity mechanisms have been proposed, and it seems possible that a combination of different mechanisms may drive pathology. A toxicity mechanism that has caught increased attention in the recent years is αS-related lipotoxicity. Lipotoxicity typically occurs in a cell when fatty acids exceed the metabolic needs, triggering a flux into harmful pathways of non-oxidative metabolism. Genetic and experimental approaches have revealed a significant overlap between lipid storage disorders, most notably Gaucher's disease, and synucleinopathies. There is accumulating evidence for lipid aberrations causing synuclein misfolding as well as for αS excess and misfolding causing lipid aberration. Does that mean the key problem in synucleinopathies is lipotoxicity, the accumulation of harmful lipid species or alteration in lipid equilibrium? Here, we review the existing literature in an attempt to get closer to an answer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arati Tripathi
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | | | - Ulf Dettmer
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
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Li H, Zhang C, Ji Y. Association of GAK rs1564282 With Susceptibility to Parkinson's Disease in Chinese Populations. Front Genet 2021; 12:777942. [PMID: 34868266 PMCID: PMC8637629 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.777942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The susceptibility of the GAK rs1564282 variant in Parkinson’s disease (PD) in Europeans was identified using a series of published genome-wide association studies. Recently, some studies focused on the association between rs1564282 and PD risk in Chinese populations but with inconsistent results. Thus, we conducted an updated meta-analysis with a total of 7,881 samples (4,055 PD cases and 3,826 controls) from eligible studies. After excluding significant heterogeneity, we showed that the rs1564282 variant was significantly associated with PD in Chinese populations (p = 1.00E-04, odds ratio = 1.28 and 95% confidence interval = 1.16–1.42). The sensitivity analysis showed that the association between rs1564282 and PD was not greatly influenced, and there was no significant publication bias among the included studies. Consequently, this meta-analysis indicates that the GAK rs1564282 variant is significantly associated with susceptibility to PD in Chinese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Su WM, Gu XJ, Hou YB, Zhang LY, Cao B, Ou RW, Wu Y, Chen XP, Song W, Zhao B, Shang HF, Chen YP. Association Analysis of WNT3, HLA-DRB5 and IL1R2 Polymorphisms in Chinese Patients With Parkinson's Disease and Multiple System Atrophy. Front Genet 2021; 12:765833. [PMID: 34868249 PMCID: PMC8636743 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.765833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between inflammation and neurodegeneration has long been observed in parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and meta-analyses have identified several risk loci in inflammation-associated genes associated with PD. Objective: To investigate whether polymorphisms in some inflammation-associated genes could modulate the risk of developing PD and MSA in a Southwest Chinese population. Methods: A total of 2,706 Chinese subjects comprising 1340 PD, 483 MSA and 883 healthy controls were recruited in the study. Three polymorphisms (rs2074404 GG/GT/TT, rs17425622 CC/CT/TT, rs34043159 CC/CT/TT) in genes linked to inflammation in all the subjects were genotyped by using the Sequenom iPLEX Assay. Results: The allele G of WNT3 rs2074404 can increase risk on PD (OR: 1.048, 95% CI: 1.182-1.333, p = 0.006), exclusively in the LOPD subgroup (OR: 1.166, 95% CI:1.025-1.327, p = 0.019), but not in EOPD or MSA. And the recessive model analysis also demonstrated an increased PD risk in GG genotype of this locus (OR = 1.331, p = 0.007). However, no significant differences were observed in the genotype distributions and alleles of HLA-DRB5 rs17425622 and IL1R2 rs34043159 between the PD patients and controls, between the MSA patients and controls, or between subgroups of PD or MSA and controls. Conclusion: Our results suggested the allele G of WNT3 rs2074404 have an adverse effect on PD and particularly, on the LOPD subgroup among a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Su
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Bing Hou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ru-Wei Ou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Sarchione A, Marchand A, Taymans JM, Chartier-Harlin MC. Alpha-Synuclein and Lipids: The Elephant in the Room? Cells 2021; 10:2452. [PMID: 34572099 PMCID: PMC8467310 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the initial identification of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) at the synapse, numerous studies demonstrated that α-syn is a key player in the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies. Recent advances underline interactions between α-syn and lipids that also participate in α-syn misfolding and aggregation. In addition, increasing evidence demonstrates that α-syn plays a major role in different steps of synaptic exocytosis. Thus, we reviewed literature showing (1) the interplay among α-syn, lipids, and lipid membranes; (2) advances of α-syn synaptic functions in exocytosis. These data underscore a fundamental role of α-syn/lipid interplay that also contributes to synaptic defects in PD. The importance of lipids in PD is further highlighted by data showing the impact of α-syn on lipid metabolism, modulation of α-syn levels by lipids, as well as the identification of genetic determinants involved in lipid homeostasis associated with α-syn pathologies. While questions still remain, these recent developments open the way to new therapeutic strategies for PD and related disorders including some based on modulating synaptic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marie-Christine Chartier-Harlin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172—LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; (A.S.); (A.M.); (J.-M.T.)
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13
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Fang HS, Wang CC, Chao CY, Fan WL, Su SC, Wu YR. Association of ITPKB, IL1R2 and COQ7 with Parkinson's disease in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:679-686. [PMID: 34244037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Genetic and environmental factors play significant roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, 17 novel risk loci of PD were identified in a meta-analysis of genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the European populations. In order to clarify if these risk loci are associated with PD in Taiwanese population, we conducted a case-control study including 14 of the novel risk loci and analyzed the genetic distribution and allele frequency. METHODS A total of 2798 subjects were recruited in this study. Genotyping was performed in 672 PD patients and 609 healthy controls by using Mass ARRAY, and data of another 1517 healthy controls from Taiwan Biobank were also examined. RESULTS Our results show that the dominant models of ITPKB rs4653767 (OR (95% CI) = 0.832 (0.699, 0.990), p = 0.038), IL1R2 rs34043159 (OR (95% CI) = 0.812 (0.665, 0.992), p = 0.041) and COQ7 rs11343 (OR (95% CI) = 0.304 (0.180, 0.512), p < 0.001) were associated with PD. In allelic analysis, the T allele of IL1R2 rs34043159 (OR (95% CI) = 0.873 (0.772, 0.987), p = 0.03) and T allele of COQ7 rs11343 (OR (95% CI) = 0.098 (0.040, 0.238), p < 0.001) showed lower risk of PD. After Bonferroni correction, only dominant model and T allele of COQ7 rs11343 showed significantly reduced the risk of PD. CONCLUSION This study suggests that ITPKB, IL1R2 and COQ7 have influence on the risk of PD in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Shin Fang
- Division of General Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Wang
- Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Chao
- Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lang Fan
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Ru Wu
- Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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14
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Subedi B, Anderson S, Croft TL, Rouchka EC, Zhang M, Hammond-Weinberger DR. Gene alteration in zebrafish exposed to a mixture of substances of abuse. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116777. [PMID: 33689951 PMCID: PMC8053679 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A recent surge in the use and abuse of diverse prescribed psychotic and illicit drugs necessitates the surveillance of drug residues in source water and the associated ecological impacts of chronic exposure to the aquatic organism. Thirty-six psychotic and illicit drug residues were determined in discharged wastewater from two centralized municipal wastewater treatment facilities and two wastewater receiving creeks for seven consecutive days in Kentucky. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae were exposed to the environmental relevant mixtures of all drug residues, all illicit drugs, and all prescribed psychotic drugs. The extracted RNA from fish homogenates was sequenced, and differentially expressed sequences were analyzed for known or predicted nervous system expression, and screened annotated protein-coding genes to the true environmental cocktail mixture. Illicit stimulant (cocaine and one metabolite), opioids (methadone, methadone metabolite, and oxycodone), hallucinogen (MDA), benzodiazepine (oxazepam and temazepam), carbamazepine, and all target selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors including sertraline, fluoxetine, venlafaxine, and citalopram were quantified in 100% of collected samples from both creeks. The high dose cocktail mixture exposure group revealed the largest group of differentially expressed genes: 100 upregulated and 77 downregulated (p ≤ 0.05; q ≤ 0.05). The top 20 differentially expressed sequences in each exposure group comprise 82 unique transcripts corresponding to 74% annotated genes, 7% non-coding sequences, and 19% uncharacterized sequences. Among 61 differentially expressed sequences that corresponded to annotated protein-coding genes, 23 (38%) genes or their homologs are known to be expressed in the nervous system of fish or other organisms. Several of the differentially expressed sequences are associated primarily with the immune system, including several major histocompatibility complex class I and interferon-induced proteins. Interleukin-1 beta (downregulated in this study) abnormalities are considered a risk factor for psychosis. This is the first study to assess the contributions of multiple classes of psychotic and illicit drugs in combination with developmental gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Subedi
- Department of Chemistry, Murray State University, Murray, KY, United States.
| | - S Anderson
- Department of Biology, Murray State University, Murray, KY, United States
| | - T L Croft
- Department of Chemistry, Murray State University, Murray, KY, United States
| | - E C Rouchka
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States; KBRIN Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - M Zhang
- Genomics Facility University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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15
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Nie L, Pascoa TC, Pike ACW, Bushell SR, Quigley A, Ruda GF, Chu A, Cole V, Speedman D, Moreira T, Shrestha L, Mukhopadhyay SM, Burgess-Brown NA, Love JD, Brennan PE, Carpenter EP. The structural basis of fatty acid elongation by the ELOVL elongases. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2021; 28:512-520. [PMID: 34117479 PMCID: PMC7611377 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-021-00605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are essential building blocks for the synthesis of ceramides and sphingolipids. The first step in the fatty acid elongation cycle is catalyzed by the 3-keto acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthases (in mammals, ELOVL elongases). Although ELOVLs are implicated in common diseases, including insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and Parkinson's, their underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Here we report the structure of the human ELOVL7 elongase, which comprises an inverted transmembrane barrel surrounding a 35-Å long tunnel containing a covalently attached product analogue. The structure reveals the substrate-binding sites in the narrow tunnel and an active site deep in the membrane. We demonstrate that chain elongation proceeds via an acyl-enzyme intermediate involving the second histidine in the canonical HxxHH motif. The unusual substrate-binding arrangement and chemistry suggest mechanisms for selective ELOVL inhibition, relevant for diseases where VLCFAs accumulate, such as X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiyin Nie
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Tomas C. Pascoa
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Ashley C. W. Pike
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Simon R. Bushell
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Andrew Quigley
- Membrane Protein Laboratory, Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK,Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0FA, UK
| | - Gian Filippo Ruda
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Amy Chu
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Victoria Cole
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - David Speedman
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Tiago Moreira
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Leela Shrestha
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | | | - Nicola A. Burgess-Brown
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - James D. Love
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461-1602, USA
| | - Paul E. Brennan
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK,Alzheimer’s Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Elisabeth P. Carpenter
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK,Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to E.P.C. ()
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16
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Ebanks B, Ingram TL, Katyal G, Ingram JR, Moisoi N, Chakrabarti L. The dysregulated Pink1- Drosophila mitochondrial proteome is partially corrected with exercise. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:14709-14728. [PMID: 34074800 PMCID: PMC8221352 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the genes which has been linked to the onset of juvenile/early onset Parkinson’s disease (PD) is PINK1. There is evidence that supports the therapeutic potential of exercise in the alleviation of PD symptoms. It is possible that exercise may enhance synaptic plasticity, protect against neuro-inflammation and modulate L-Dopa regulated signalling pathways. We explored the effects of exercise on Pink1 deficient Drosophila melanogaster which undergo neurodegeneration and muscle degeneration. We used a ‘power-tower’ type exercise platform to deliver exercise activity to Pink1- and age matched wild-type Drosophila. Mitochondrial proteomic profiles responding to exercise were obtained. Of the 516 proteins identified, 105 proteins had different levels between Pink1- and wild-type non-exercised Drosophila. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and STRING network analysis highlighted proteins and pathways with altered expression within the mitochondrial proteome. Comparison of the Pink1- exercised proteome to wild-type proteomes showed that exercising the Pink1- Drosophila caused their proteomic profile to return towards wild-type levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Ebanks
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Thomas L Ingram
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Gunjan Katyal
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - John R Ingram
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Nicoleta Moisoi
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Lisa Chakrabarti
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, UK.,MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Birmingham, UK
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17
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Insights into Lewy body disease from rare neurometabolic disorders. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:1567-1575. [PMID: 34056672 PMCID: PMC8528771 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Professor Kurt Jellinger is well known for his seminal work on the neuropathology of age-associated neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Lewy body diseases. However, it is less well known that he also contributed important insights into the neuropathological features of several paediatric neurometabolic diseases, including Alpers–Huttenlocher syndrome, a syndrome of mitochondrial disease caused by POLG mutations, and infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy, a phenotype resulting from PLA2G6 mutations. Despite these rare diseases occurring in early life, they share many important pathological overlaps with age-associated Lewy body disease, particularly dysregulation of α-synuclein. In this review, we describe several neurometabolic diseases linked to Lewy body disease mechanisms, and discuss the wider context to pathological overlaps between neurometabolic and Lewy body diseases. In particular, we will focus on how understanding disease mechanisms in neurometabolic disorders with dysregulated α-synuclein may generate insights into predisposing factors for α-synuclein aggregation in idiopathic Lewy body diseases.
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18
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Liu X, Peng L, Li D, He C, Xing S, Wang Y, He Y. The Impacts of IL1R1 and IL1R2 Genetic Variants on Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk in the Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Study. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:2147-2159. [PMID: 34093035 PMCID: PMC8169084 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s291395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune systemic inflammatory disease, largely resulted from genetic factor. Our purpose was to explore the association for IL1R1 and IL1R2 genetic variants with RA susceptibility in the Chinese Han population. Patients and Methods A total of 508 RA patients and 494 controls were involved in this case–control study; single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyping was identified by the Agena MassARRAY platform. The relationship between polymorphisms and RA susceptibility was calculated using the Pearson’s Chi-square test with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in multiple genetic models. The Pearson’s Chi-square test and Student’s t-test were used for sample basic characteristic analysis. And linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis and haplotype analysis were performed by logistic regression analysis. Results The result from this study showed that rs2072472 (IL1R2) was an increased risk factor of RA (adjusted OR = 1.41, p = 0.011). Stratified analysis indicated SNPs rs10490571, rs956730, rs3917318 of IL1R1, and SNPs rs4851527, rs719250, rs3218896, rs3218977, rs2072472 of IL1R2 had impacts on RA risk after stratification based on gender and average age (54 years). Finally, haplotype analysis revealed that Ars3218977Ars2072472 haplotype in IL1R2 was related to a decreased RA risk (adjusted OR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.65–0.94; p = 0.010). Yet, rs3917225(IL1R1) and rs11674595(IL1R2) were not significant in RA association analysis. Conclusion We determined SNPs (rs3917318, rs956730, rs1049057) of IL1R1 and SNPs (rs3218977, rs719250, rs4851527, rs3218896, rs2072472) of IL1R2 were correlated with the RA susceptibility in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, People's Republic of China
| | - Linna Peng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjuan He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, People's Republic of China
| | - Shishi Xing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhe Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, People's Republic of China
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19
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Balbo I, Montarolo F, Boda E, Tempia F, Hoxha E. Elovl5 Expression in the Central Nervous System of the Adult Mouse. Front Neuroanat 2021; 15:669073. [PMID: 33994961 PMCID: PMC8116736 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.669073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
ELOVL5 (Elongase of Very-Long Fatty Acid 5) gene encodes for an enzyme that elongates long chain fatty acids, with a marked preference for polyunsaturated molecules. In particular, it plays an essential role in the elongation of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, precursors for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Mutations of ELOVL5 cause the spino-cerebellar ataxia type 38 (SCA38), a rare autosomal neurological disease characterized by gait abnormality, dysarthria, dysphagia, hyposmia and peripheral neuropathy, conditions well represented by a mouse model with a targeted deletion of this gene (Elovl5–/– mice). However, the expression pattern of this enzyme in neuronal and glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS) is still uninvestigated. This work is aimed at filling this gap of knowledge by taking advantage of an Elovl5-reporter mouse line and immunofluorescence analyses on adult mouse CNS sections and glial cell primary cultures. Notably, Elovl5 appears expressed in a region- and cell type-specific manner. Abundant Elovl5-positive cells were found in the cerebellum, brainstem, and primary and accessory olfactory regions, where mitral cells show the most prominent expression. Hippocampal pyramidal cells of CA2/CA3 where also moderately labeled, while in the rest of the telencephalon Elovl5 expression was high in regions related to motor control. Analysis of primary glial cell cultures revealed Elovl5 expression in oligodendroglial cells at various maturation steps and in microglia, while astrocytes showed a heterogeneous in vivo expression of Elovl5. The elucidation of Elovl5 CNS distribution provides relevant information to understand the physiological functions of this enzyme and its PUFA products, whose unbalance is known to be involved in many pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Balbo
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Turin, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Montarolo
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Turin, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrica Boda
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Turin, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Tempia
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Turin, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,National Neuroscience Institute (Italy), Turin, Italy
| | - Eriola Hoxha
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Turin, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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20
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Fanning S, Selkoe D, Dettmer U. Vesicle trafficking and lipid metabolism in synucleinopathy. Acta Neuropathol 2021; 141:491-510. [PMID: 32607605 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-020-02177-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neuronal protein α-synuclein (αS) is central to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and other progressive brain diseases such as Lewy body dementia and multiple system atrophy. These diseases, collectively referred to as 'synucleinopathies', have long been considered purely proteinopathies: diseases characterized by the misfolding of a protein into small and large aggregates mainly consisting of that protein (in this case: α-synuclein). However, recent morphological insights into Lewy bodies, the hallmark neuropathology of human synucleinopathies, suggests these lesions are also rich in vesicles and other membranous organelles. Moreover, αS physiology and pathology are both strongly associated with various aspects of intracellular vesicle trafficking and lipid biology. αS physiologically binds to synaptic and other small vesicles, and several functions of αS in regulating vesicle biology have been proposed. Familial PD-linked αS excess and missense mutations have been shown to impair vesicle trafficking and alter lipid homeostasis. On the other hand, vesicle trafficking and lipid-related genes have emerged as Parkinson's risk factors, suggesting a bidirectional relationship. The answer to the question "Does abnormal αS accumulation cause impaired vesicle trafficking and lipid dyshomeostasis or is αS aggregation the consequence of such impairments?" may be "Both". Here, we review current knowledge of the αS-lipid and αS-vesicle trafficking interplay, with a special focus on Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia.
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21
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Marshall MS, Issa Y, Heller G, Nguyen D, Bongarzone ER. AAV-Mediated GALC Gene Therapy Rescues Alpha-Synucleinopathy in the Spinal Cord of a Leukodystrophic Lysosomal Storage Disease Mouse Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 14:619712. [PMID: 33424556 PMCID: PMC7785790 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.619712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Krabbe's disease (KD) is primarily a demyelinating disorder, but recent studies have identified the presence of neuronal protein aggregates in the brain, at least partially composed by alpha-synuclein (α-syn). The role of this protein aggregation in the pathogenesis of KD is largely unknown, but it has added KD to a growing list of lysosomal storage diseases that can be also be considered as proteinopathies. While the presence of these protein aggregates within the KD brain is now appreciated, the remainder of the central nervous system (CNS) remains uncharacterized. This study is the first to report the presence of thioflavin-S reactive inclusions throughout the spinal cord of both murine and human spinal tissue. Stereological analysis revealed the temporal and spatial accumulation of these inclusions within the neurons of the ventral spinal cord vs. those located in the dorsal cord. This study also confirmed that these thio-S positive accumulations are present within neuronal populations and are made up at least in part by α-syn in both the twitcher mouse and cord autopsied material from affected human patients. Significantly, neonatal gene therapy for galactosylceramidase, a treatment that strongly improves the survival and health of KD mice, but not bone marrow transplantation prevents the formation of these inclusions in spinal neurons. These results expand the understanding of α-syn protein aggregation within the CNS of individuals afflicted with KD and underlines the tractability of this problem via early gene therapy, with potential impact to other synucleinopathies such as PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Marshall
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yazan Issa
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gregory Heller
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Duc Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ernesto R Bongarzone
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Chen K, Guo MR, Zhang Y, Li G, Liu Y, Zhang B. Association between MMP16 rs60298754 and clinical phenotypes of Parkinson's disease in southern Chinese. Neurol Sci 2020; 42:3211-3215. [PMID: 33241532 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04894-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate the association between MMP16 rs60298754 and symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) in southern Chinese. METHODS Seven hundred forty-five PD patients were recruited in this study. All patients were evaluated by Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Hamilton anxiety rating scale and Hamilton depression rating scale, 39-item Parkinson's disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), and MDS-Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Symptoms were also recorded. RESULTS The difference of BPI and Parkinson's disease sleep scale (PDSS) between two groups was showed (BPI: MMP16 wildtypes: 14.73 ± 14.45; MMP16 carriers: 10.95 ± 10.67, p 0.002; PDSS: MMP16 wildtypes: 117.80 ± 21.45; MMP16 carriers: 108.40 ± 23.95, p < 0.001). The association of apathy, nocturia, and sensitive to light were found (apathy: p 0.001, OR: 0.49, 0.32-0.76; nocturia: p < 0.001, OR: 3.57, 1.90-7.26; sensitive to light: p < 0.001, OR: 3.99, 2.01-7.74). CONCLUSIONS MMP16 rs60298754 was associated with the presence of apathy, pain, nocturia, and sensitive to light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Ruo Guo
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116044, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai, 200123, China.
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Maycotte-Cervantes ML, Aguilar-Galarza A, Anaya-Loyola MA, Anzures-Cortes MDL, Haddad-Talancón L, Méndez-Rangel AS, García-Gasca T, Rodríguez-García VM, Moreno-Celis U. Influence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of ELOVL on Biomarkers of Metabolic Alterations in the Mexican Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113389. [PMID: 33158152 PMCID: PMC7694210 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The elongation of very long chain fatty acids (ELOVL) is a family of seven enzymes that have specific functions in the synthesis of fatty acids. Some have been shown to be related to insulin secretion (ELOVL2), and in the lipid profile (ELOVL6) and patients with various pathologies. The present work focused on the study of ELOVL polymorphs with clinical markers of non-communicable chronic diseases in the Mexican population. A sample of 1075 participants was obtained, who underwent clinical, biochemical, and nutritional evaluation, and a genetic evaluation of 91 genetic variants of ELOVL was considered (2–7). The results indicate a 33.16% prevalence of obesity by body mass index, 13.84% prevalence of insulin resistance by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index, 7.85% prevalence of high cholesterol, and 20.37% prevalence of hypercholesterolemia. The deprived alleles showed that there is no association between them and clinical disease risk markers, and the notable finding of the association studies is that the ELOVL2 variants are exclusive in men and ELVOL7 in women. There is also a strong association of ELOVL6 with various markers. The present study shows, for the first time, the association between the different ELOVLs and clinical markers of chronic non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Maycotte-Cervantes
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Juriquilla, Querétaro CP 76230, Mexico; (M.L.M.-C.); (A.A.-G.); (M.A.A.-L.); (T.G.-G.)
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Galarza
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Juriquilla, Querétaro CP 76230, Mexico; (M.L.M.-C.); (A.A.-G.); (M.A.A.-L.); (T.G.-G.)
| | - Miriam Aracely Anaya-Loyola
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Juriquilla, Querétaro CP 76230, Mexico; (M.L.M.-C.); (A.A.-G.); (M.A.A.-L.); (T.G.-G.)
| | | | - Lorenza Haddad-Talancón
- Código 46 SA de CV, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62498, Mexico; (M.d.L.A.-C.); (L.H.-T.); (A.S.M.-R.)
| | | | - Teresa García-Gasca
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Juriquilla, Querétaro CP 76230, Mexico; (M.L.M.-C.); (A.A.-G.); (M.A.A.-L.); (T.G.-G.)
| | - Víctor Manuel Rodríguez-García
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico
- Correspondence: (V.M.R.-G.); (U.M.-C.); Tel.: +52-442-238-3525 (V.M.R.-G.); +52-442-192-1200 (ext. 5367) (U.M.-C.)
| | - Ulisses Moreno-Celis
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Juriquilla, Querétaro CP 76230, Mexico; (M.L.M.-C.); (A.A.-G.); (M.A.A.-L.); (T.G.-G.)
- Correspondence: (V.M.R.-G.); (U.M.-C.); Tel.: +52-442-238-3525 (V.M.R.-G.); +52-442-192-1200 (ext. 5367) (U.M.-C.)
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Association of ZNF184, IL1R2, LRRK2, ITPKB, and PARK16 with sporadic Parkinson’s disease in Eastern China. Neurosci Lett 2020; 735:135261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen K, Tang Y, Zhao X, Hou C, Li G, Zhang B. Association of IL1R2 rs34043159 with sporadic Alzheimer's disease in southern Han Chinese. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:1844-1847. [PMID: 32402117 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between IL1R2 rs34043159 and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the Chinese population. METHODS A total of 500 AD patients and 500 healthy controls were recruited. The SNaPshot technique was used to detect IL1R2 rs34043159. RESULTS The dominant and recessive models of IL1R2 rs34043159 were associated with AD with or without adjustment of age, gender and education [dominant model, P = 0.019, odds ratio (OR) 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-1.89, adjusted; recessive model, P = 0.011, OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51-0.92, adjusted]. The recessive model of IL1R2 rs34043159 was associated with early-onset AD (EOAD) with or without adjustment of age, gender and education (recessive model, P = 0.038, OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.37-0.97, adjusted). The additive model was associated with late-onset AD (LOAD) (P = 0.041). The dominant model of IL1R2 rs34043159 was associated with LOAD with or without adjustment of age, gender and education (dominant model, P = 0.005, OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.17-2.44, adjusted). CONCLUSION An association between the dominant and recessive model of IL1R2 rs34043159 and AD was found. The recessive model of IL1R2 rs34043159 was associated with EOAD. The additive and dominant models of IL1R2 rs34043159 were associated with LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Jiangsu Province, Shanghai, China
| | - C Hou
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - G Li
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - B Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Hu X, Mao C, Hu Z, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Yang Z, Fan Y, Fan L, Zheng H, Yang J, Liu Y, Yuan Y, Wang Y, Shi C, Xu Y. Association analysis of 15 GWAS-linked loci with Parkinson's disease in Chinese Han population. Neurosci Lett 2020; 725:134867. [PMID: 32165260 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors play an important role in Parkinson's disease (PD) and vary from different races. A previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 17 novel risk loci that were associated with PD in Caucasians. Several subsequent studies investigated the association between these loci and PD in Chinese populations. However, the results on the role of these variants for PD have been conflicting. To explore the relationship of 15 controversial loci with PD in the Chinese Han population, we performed a case-control study including 492 PD patients and 524 healthy controls. iMLDR technology was used to type 15 GWAS-linked loci of 1016 blood samples from all subjects. We found that rs34043159 (IL1R2) (dominant model after adjusted: p = 0.011, OR 95 % CI 0.577 (0.378-0.880)) and rs4073221 (SATB1) (allele model: p = 0.001, OR 95 % CI 0.542 (0.371-0.792); dominant model after adjusted: p = 0.049, OR 95 % CI 0.587 (0.345-0.998)) were associated with PD. After age onset and gender subgroup analysis, rs34043159 (IL1R2) (χ2 = 7.971, p = 0.019) and rs4073221 (SATB1) (χ2 = 12.673, p = 0.001) were associated with late-onset PD. rs34043159 (IL1R2) was associated with PD in females (χ2 = 7.227, p = 0.027) rather than males (χ2 = 1.100, p = 0.577). rs4073221 (SATB1) was associated with PD in both males (χ2 = 10.270, p = 0.005) and females (χ2 = 7.050, p = 0.022). Further studies are needed to explore the role of IL1R2 and SATB1 in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Chengyuan Mao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Zhengwei Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Zhongxian Zhang
- Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Liyuan Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Yanpeng Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Yaohe Wang
- Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China; The Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Changhe Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Yuming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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Zhang B, Cui C, Yu H, Li G. Association between ZNF184 and symptoms of Parkinson's disease in southern Chinese. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2121-2126. [PMID: 32125537 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate the association between ZNF184 and symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) in southern Chinese. METHODS A total of 241 PD patients were recruited in this study. All patients were evaluated by Sniffin' Sticks 16 (SS-16), Hamilton anxiety rating scale and Hamilton depression rating scale, 39-item Parkinson's disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and MDS-Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Symptoms were also recorded. RESULTS There was association of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) under additive, dominant and overdominant model (p 0.039, additive; p 0.028, dominant; p 0.044, overdominant). We also found the association of excessive daytime sleepiness under the dominant model, the association of urgent urination or urinary incontinence under the recessive model and the association of sensitive to hot under the overdominant model (excessive daytime sleepiness: p 0.032, dominant; p 0.038, dominant; urgent urination or urgent incontinence: p 0.027, recessive; sensitive to hot: p, 0.027, overdominant). CONCLUSIONS ZNF184 rs9468199 was associated with the presence of RBD, excessive daytime sleepiness, urgent urination or urgent incontinence and sensitive to hot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Hongxiang Yu
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai, 200123, China.
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Neuropathophysiology of Lysosomal Storage Diseases: Synaptic Dysfunction as a Starting Point for Disease Progression. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030616. [PMID: 32106459 PMCID: PMC7141115 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
About two thirds of the patients affected with lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) experience neurological manifestations, such as developmental delay, seizures, or psychiatric problems. In order to develop efficient therapies, it is crucial to understand the neuropathophysiology underlying these symptoms. How exactly lysosomal storage affects biogenesis and function of neurons is still under investigation however recent research highlights a substantial role played by synaptic defects, such as alterations in synaptic spines, synaptic proteins, postsynaptic densities, and synaptic vesicles that might lead to functional impairments in synaptic transmission and neurodegeneration, finally culminating in massive neuronal death and manifestation of cognitive symptoms. Unveiling how the synaptic components are affected in neurological LSD will thus enable a better understanding of the complexity of disease progression as well as identify crucial targets of therapeutic relevance and optimal time windows for targeted intervention.
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Xicoy H, Brouwers JF, Kalnytska O, Wieringa B, Martens GJM. Lipid Analysis of the 6-Hydroxydopamine-Treated SH-SY5Y Cell Model for Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:848-859. [PMID: 31493240 PMCID: PMC7031185 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly prevalent neurodegenerative disease for which no disease-modifying treatments are available, mainly because knowledge about its pathogenic mechanism is still incomplete. Recently, a key role for lipids emerged, but lipid profiling of brain samples from human subjects is demanding. Here, we used an unbiased approach, lipidomics, to determine PD-linked changes in the lipid profile of a well-established cell model for PD, the catecholaminergic neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y treated with the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). We observed changes in multiple lipid classes, including phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), sphingomyelin (SM), and total cholesterol, in 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, we found differences in the length and degree of unsaturation of the fatty acyl chains, indicating changes in their metabolism. Except for the observed decreased PS levels, the alterations in PC, PG, PI, and cholesterol levels are in agreement with the results of previous studies on PD-patient material. Opposite to what has been previously described, the cholesterol-lowering drug statins did not have a protective effect, while low doses of cholesterol supplementation partially protected SH-SY5Y cells from 6-OHDA toxicity. However, cholesterol supplementation triggered neuronal differentiation, which could have confounded the results of cholesterol modulation. Taken together, our results show that 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells display many lipid changes also found in PD patient and animal model brains, although the SH-SY5Y cell model seems less suitable to study the involvement of cholesterol in PD initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Xicoy
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos F. Brouwers
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Lipidomics Facility, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Oleksandra Kalnytska
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bé Wieringa
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard J. M. Martens
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Wu H, Li H, Shi Z, Tang J, Mei S, Ai T, He Z. Association between NMD3 and symptoms of Parkinson's disease in Chinese patients. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:19. [PMID: 31937261 PMCID: PMC6961280 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1574-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder that is characterized by motor symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, slowness of movement and problems with gait. Large-scale meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified few susceptibility loci in patients with sporadic PD. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between NMD3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and symptoms in PD patients in South China. Methods A total of 217 PD patients were recruited in this study and genotyped by using the SNaPshot technique and the polymerase chain reaction. All subjects were evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Beijing version Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Sniffin’ Sticks 16 (SS-16), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and MDS Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Results NMD3 rs34016896 (C > T) carriers have worse cognitive function than wild types (MMSE: p = 0.042, NMD3 wild type: 27.44 ± 2.89, NMD3 carriers: 26.31 ± 3.79; MoCA: p = 0.005, NMD3 wild type: 23.15 ± 4.20, NMD3 carriers: 20.75 ± 6.68). Conclusions The recessive and overdominant model of NMD3 rs34016896 was associated with cognitive impairment in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Jiajia Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Shuya Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Tianyi Ai
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Zhenzhou He
- Department of Anesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2000 Jiangyue Road, Shanghai, 201112, China.
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Parkinson's disease: proteinopathy or lipidopathy? NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 6:3. [PMID: 31909184 PMCID: PMC6941970 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-019-0103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipids play a more significant role in Parkinson’s disease and its related brain disorders than is currently recognized, supporting a “lipid cascade”. The 14 kDa protein α-synuclein (αS) is strongly associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), other synucleinopathies such as multiple system atrophy, and even certain forms of Alzheimer’s disease. Rigorously deciphering the biochemistry of αS in native systems is the key to developing treatments. αS is highly expressed in the brain, the second most lipid-rich organ, and has been proposed to be a lipid-binding protein that physiologically interacts with phospholipids and fatty acids (FAs). αS-rich cytoplasmic inclusions called Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites are the hallmark lesions of synucleinopathies. Excess αS–membrane interactions may trigger proteinaceous αS aggregation by stimulating its primary nucleation. However, αS may also exert its toxicity prior to or independent of its self-aggregation, e.g., via excessive membrane interactions, which may be promoted by certain lipids and FAs. A complex αS-lipid landscape exists, which comprises both physiological and pathological states of αS. As novel insights about the composition of Lewy lesions occur, new lipid-related PD drug candidates emerge, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) increasingly validate new hits in lipid-associated pathways, it seems timely to review our current knowledge of lipids in PD and consider the roles for these pathways in synucleinopathies.αS ↔ lipid interplay: aspects of cellular αS homeostasis (blue oval), aspects of lipid homeostasis (green oval), and overlapping aspects. Pathological states are labeled in red. Simplified schematic of both select αS and select lipid species. Several existing publications suggest αS effects on lipids and vice versa, as indicated by arrows. DG diglyceride, ER endoplasmic reticulum, FA fatty acid, LD, lipid droplet, TG triglyceride. ![]()
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Fatty acid metabolism in the progression and resolution of CNS disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:198-213. [PMID: 31987838 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in lipidomics and metabolomics have unveiled the complexity of fatty acid metabolism and the fatty acid lipidome in health and disease. A growing body of evidence indicates that imbalances in the metabolism and level of fatty acids drive the initiation and progression of central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Here, we provide an in-depth overview on the impact of the β-oxidation, synthesis, desaturation, elongation, and peroxidation of fatty acids on the pathophysiology of these and other neurological disorders. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of individual fatty acids species, acquired through the diet or endogenously synthesized in mammals, on neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and CNS repair. The findings discussed in this review highlight the therapeutic potential of modulators of fatty acid metabolism and the fatty acid lipidome in CNS disorders, and underscore the diagnostic value of lipidome signatures in these diseases.
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Wallings RL, Humble SW, Ward ME, Wade-Martins R. Lysosomal Dysfunction at the Centre of Parkinson's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Trends Neurosci 2019; 42:899-912. [PMID: 31704179 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and frontotemporal dementia/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD/ALS) are insidious and incurable neurodegenerative diseases that represent a significant burden to affected individuals, caregivers, and an ageing population. Both PD and FTD/ALS are defined at post mortem by the presence of protein aggregates and the loss of specific subsets of neurons. We examine here the crucial role of lysosome dysfunction in these diseases and discuss recent evidence for converging mechanisms. This review draws upon multiple lines of evidence from genetic studies, human tissue, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and animal models to argue that lysosomal failure is a primary mechanism of disease, rather than merely reflecting association with protein aggregate end-points. This review provides compelling rationale for targeting lysosomes in future therapeutics for both PD and FTD/ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Wallings
- Department of Physiology, Emory University, Decatur, GA, USA; Current address: Department of Neuroscience, Center for Translational Research and Neurodegenerative Disease, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Stewart W Humble
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael E Ward
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard Wade-Martins
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QX, UK.
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Deák F, Anderson RE, Fessler JL, Sherry DM. Novel Cellular Functions of Very Long Chain-Fatty Acids: Insight From ELOVL4 Mutations. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:428. [PMID: 31616255 PMCID: PMC6763723 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Elongation of Very Long chain fatty acids-4 (ELOVL4) protein is a member of the ELOVL family of fatty acid elongases that is collectively responsible for catalyzing formation of long chain fatty acids. ELOVL4 is the only family member that catalyzes production of Very Long Chain Saturated Fatty Acids (VLC-SFA) and Very Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (VLC-PUFA) with chain lengths ≥28 carbons. ELOVL4 and its VLC-SFA and VLC-PUFA products are emerging as important regulators of synaptic signaling and neuronal survival in the central nervous system (CNS). Distinct sets of mutations in ELOVL4 cause three different neurological diseases in humans. Heterozygous inheritance of one set of autosomal dominant ELOVL4 mutations that leads to truncation of the ELOVL4 protein causes Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (STGD3), an aggressive juvenile-onset retinal degeneration. Heterozygous inheritance of a different set of autosomal dominant ELOVL4 mutations that leads to a full-length protein with single amino acid substitutions causes spinocerebellar ataxia 34 (SCA34), a late-onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by gait ataxia and cerebellar atrophy. Homozygous inheritance of a different set of ELOVL4 mutations causes a more severe disease with infantile onset characterized by seizures, spasticity, intellectual disability, ichthyosis, and premature death. ELOVL4 is expressed widely in the CNS and is found primarily in neurons. ELOVL4 is expressed in cell-specific patterns within different regions of the CNS that are likely to be related to disease symptoms. In the retina, ELOVL4 is expressed exclusively in photoreceptors and produces VLC-PUFA that are incorporated into phosphatidylcholine and enriched in the light sensitive membrane disks of the photoreceptor outer segments. VLC-PUFA are enzymatically converted into "elovanoid" compounds that appear to provide paracrine signals that promote photoreceptor and neuronal survival. In the brain, the main ELOVL4 products are VLC-SFA that are incorporated into sphingolipids and enriched in synaptic vesicles, where they regulate kinetics of presynaptic neurotransmitter release. Understanding the function of ELOVL4 and its VLC-SFA and VLC-PUFA products will advance our understanding of basic mechanisms in neural signaling and has potential for developing novel therapies for seizure and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Deák
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Oklahoma Center for Neurosciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Robert E Anderson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Oklahoma Center for Neurosciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Jennifer L Fessler
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - David M Sherry
- Oklahoma Center for Neurosciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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Olsen AL, Feany MB. Glial α-synuclein promotes neurodegeneration characterized by a distinct transcriptional program in vivo. Glia 2019; 67:1933-1957. [PMID: 31267577 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
α-Synucleinopathies are neurodegenerative diseases that are characterized pathologically by α-synuclein inclusions in neurons and glia. The pathologic contribution of glial α-synuclein in these diseases is not well understood. Glial α-synuclein may be of particular importance in multiple system atrophy (MSA), which is defined pathologically by glial cytoplasmic α-synuclein inclusions. We have previously described Drosophila models of neuronal α-synucleinopathy, which recapitulate key features of the human disorders. We have now expanded our model to express human α-synuclein in glia. We demonstrate that expression of α-synuclein in glia alone results in α-synuclein aggregation, death of dopaminergic neurons, impaired locomotor function, and autonomic dysfunction. Furthermore, co-expression of α-synuclein in both neurons and glia worsens these phenotypes as compared to expression of α-synuclein in neurons alone. We identify unique transcriptomic signatures induced by glial as opposed to neuronal α-synuclein. These results suggest that glial α-synuclein may contribute to the burden of pathology in the α-synucleinopathies through a cell type-specific transcriptional program. This new Drosophila model system enables further mechanistic studies dissecting the contribution of glial and neuronal α-synuclein in vivo, potentially shedding light on mechanisms of disease that are especially relevant in MSA but also the α-synucleinopathies more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby L Olsen
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mel B Feany
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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