1
|
Magnard R, Fouyssac M, Vachez YM, Cheng Y, Dufourd T, Carcenac C, Boulet S, Janak PH, Savasta M, Belin D, Carnicella S. Pramipexole restores behavioral inhibition in highly impulsive rats through a paradoxical modulation of frontostriatal networks. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:86. [PMID: 38336862 PMCID: PMC10858232 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Impulse control disorders (ICDs), a wide spectrum of maladaptive behaviors which includes pathological gambling, hypersexuality and compulsive buying, have been recently suggested to be triggered or aggravated by treatments with dopamine D2/3 receptor agonists, such as pramipexole (PPX). Despite evidence showing that impulsivity is associated with functional alterations in corticostriatal networks, the neural basis of the exacerbation of impulsivity by PPX has not been elucidated. Here we used a hotspot analysis to assess the functional recruitment of several corticostriatal structures by PPX in male rats identified as highly (HI), moderately impulsive (MI) or with low levels of impulsivity (LI) in the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT). PPX dramatically reduced impulsivity in HI rats. Assessment of the expression pattern of the two immediate early genes C-fos and Zif268 by in situ hybridization subsequently revealed that PPX resulted in a decrease in Zif268 mRNA levels in different striatal regions of both LI and HI rats accompanied by a high impulsivity specific reduction of Zif268 mRNA levels in prelimbic and cingulate cortices. PPX also decreased C-fos mRNA levels in all striatal regions of LI rats, but only in the dorsolateral striatum and nucleus accumbens core (NAc Core) of HI rats. Structural equation modeling further suggested that the anti-impulsive effect of PPX was mainly attributable to the specific downregulation of Zif268 mRNA in the NAc Core. Altogether, our results show that PPX restores impulse control in highly impulsive rats by modulation of limbic frontostriatal circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Magnard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Maxime Fouyssac
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EB, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yvan M Vachez
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Yifeng Cheng
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Thibault Dufourd
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Carole Carcenac
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabrina Boulet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Patricia H Janak
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Marc Savasta
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - David Belin
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, CB2 3EB, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastien Carnicella
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park HY, Shim WH, Suh CH, Heo H, Oh HW, Kim J, Sung J, Lim JS, Lee JH, Kim HS, Kim SJ. Development and validation of an automatic classification algorithm for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease using a high-performance interpretable deep learning network. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:7992-8001. [PMID: 37170031 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and validate an automatic classification algorithm for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS AND MATERIALS This study evaluated a high-performance interpretable network algorithm (TabNet) and compared its performance with that of XGBoost, a widely used classifier. Brain segmentation was performed using a commercially approved software. TabNet and XGBoost were trained on the volumes or radiomics features of 102 segmented regions for classifying subjects into AD, MCI, or cognitively normal (CN) groups. The diagnostic performances of the two algorithms were compared using areas under the curves (AUCs). Additionally, 20 deep learning-based AD signature areas were investigated. RESULTS Between December 2014 and March 2017, 161 AD, 153 MCI, and 306 CN cases were enrolled. Another 120 AD, 90 MCI, and 141 CN cases were included for the internal validation. Public datasets were used for external validation. TabNet with volume features had an AUC of 0.951 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.947-0.955) for AD vs CN, which was similar to that of XGBoost (0.953 [95% CI, 0.951-0.955], p = 0.41). External validation revealed the similar performances of two classifiers using volume features (0.871 vs. 0.871, p = 0.86). Likewise, two algorithms showed similar performances with one another in classifying MCI. The addition of radiomics data did not improve the performance of TabNet. TabNet and XGBoost focused on the same 13/20 regions of interest, including the hippocampus, inferior lateral ventricle, and entorhinal cortex. CONCLUSIONS TabNet shows high performance in AD classification and detailed interpretation of the selected regions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Using a high-performance interpretable deep learning network, the automatic classification algorithm assisted in accurate Alzheimer's disease detection using 3D T1-weighted brain MRI and detailed interpretation of the selected regions. KEY POINTS • MR volumetry data revealed that TabNet had a high diagnostic performance in differentiating Alzheimer's disease (AD) from cognitive normal cases, which was comparable with that of XGBoost. • The addition of radiomics data to the volume data did not improve the diagnostic performance of TabNet. • Both TabNet and XGBoost selected the clinically meaningful regions of interest in AD, including the hippocampus, inferior lateral ventricle, and entorhinal cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Young Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Hyun Shim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Hyun Suh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwon Heo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jae-Sung Lim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sung Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Joon Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rolle CE, Ng GY, Nho YH, Barbosa DAN, Shivacharan RS, Gold JI, Bassett DS, Halpern CH, Buch V. Accumbens connectivity during deep-brain stimulation differentiates loss of control from physiologic behavioral states. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:1384-1391. [PMID: 37734587 PMCID: PMC10811591 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of control (LOC) eating, the subjective sense that one cannot control what or how much one eats, characterizes binge-eating behaviors pervasive in obesity and related eating disorders. Closed-loop deep-brain stimulation (DBS) for binge eating should predict LOC and trigger an appropriately timed intervention. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS This study aimed to identify a sensitive and specific biomarker to detect LOC onset for DBS. We hypothesized that changes in phase-locking value (PLV) predict the onset of LOC-associated cravings and distinguish them from potential confounding states. METHODS Using DBS data recorded from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of two patients with binge eating disorder (BED) and severe obesity, we compared PLV between inter- and intra-hemispheric NAc subregions for three behavioral conditions: craving (associated with LOC eating), hunger (not associated with LOC), and sleep. RESULTS In both patients, PLV in the high gamma frequency band was significantly higher for craving compared to sleep and significantly higher for hunger compared to craving. Maximum likelihood classifiers achieved accuracies above 88% when differentiating between the three conditions. CONCLUSIONS High-frequency inter- and intra-hemispheric PLV in the NAc is a promising biomarker for closed-loop DBS that differentiates LOC-associated cravings from physiologic states such as hunger and sleep. Future trials should assess PLV as a LOC biomarker across a larger cohort and a wider patient population transdiagnostically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camarin E Rolle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Grace Y Ng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Young-Hoon Nho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel A N Barbosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rajat S Shivacharan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road Office 245C, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Joshua I Gold
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Richards D407, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dani S Bassett
- Departments of Bioengineering, Physics and Astronomy, Electrical and Systems Engineering, Neurology, and Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd St, Skirkanich Hall 240, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Rd, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
| | - Casey H Halpern
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Hospital, Spruce Building 3rd Floor, 801 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vivek Buch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road Office 245C, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Russell B, Hrelja KM, Adams WK, Zeeb FD, Taves MD, Kaur S, Soma KK, Winstanley CA. Differential effects of lipopolysaccharide on cognition, corticosterone and cytokines in socially-housed vs isolated male rats. Behav Brain Res 2022; 433:114000. [PMID: 35817135 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Social isolation is an established risk factor for mental illness and impaired immune function. Evidence suggests that neuroinflammatory processes contribute to mental illness, possibly via cytokine-induced modulation of neural activity. We examined the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration and social home cage environment on cognitive performance in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task (5CSRTT), and their effects on corticosterone and cytokines in serum and brain tissue. Male Long-Evans rats were reared in pairs or in isolation before training on the 5CSRTT. The effects of saline and LPS (150 µg/kg i.p.) administration on sickness behaviour and task performance were then assessed. LPS-induced sickness behaviour was augmented in socially-isolated rats, translating to increased omissions and slower response times in the 5CSRTT. Both social isolation and LPS administration reduced impulsive responding, while discriminative accuracy remained unaffected. With the exception of reduced impulsivity in isolated rats, these effects were not observed following a second administration of LPS, revealing behavioural tolerance to repeated LPS injections. In a separate cohort of animals, social isolation potentiated the ability of LPS to increase serum corticosterone and IL-6, which corresponded to increased IL-6 in the orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal cortices and the nucleus accumbens. Basal IL-4 levels in the nucleus accumbens were reduced in socially-isolated rats. These findings are consistent with the adaptive response of reduced motivational drive following immune challenge, and identify social isolation as an exacerbating factor. Enhanced IL-6 signalling may play a role in mediating the potentiated behavioural response to LPS administration in isolated animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brittney Russell
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly M Hrelja
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Wendy K Adams
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fiona D Zeeb
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew D Taves
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sukhbir Kaur
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kiran K Soma
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Catharine A Winstanley
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Garnham LC, Clarke C, Løvlie H. How Inhibitory Control Relates to Positive and Negative Affective States in Red Junglefowl. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:872487. [PMID: 35464350 PMCID: PMC9024352 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.872487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual differences in inhibitory control, an aspect of cognition, are found in many species. How this variation links to affective states is not much explored, and could be relevant for welfare. As less fearful, more optimistic, individuals may act more impulsively, inhibitory control could link to less negative, more positive, affective states. Alternatively, poorer inhibitory control could associate with more negative, less positive, affective states, as poorer inhibitory control can result in individuals being less able to adapt to changing environments and more likely to show stereotypies. We here explored in three cohorts (N = 209) of captive red junglefowl, the ancestor of domestic chickens, how inhibitory control associated with affective states. Specifically, we measured inhibitory control with a detour task, and negative and positive affective states with a tonic immobility test and a cognitive judgement bias test, respectively. Cognition and behaviour can differ between ages and sexes. Therefore, we investigated how inhibitory control related to affective states in younger chicks (≈2.5 weeks old), older chicks (≈5 weeks old) and sexually mature adults (≈28 weeks old) of both sexes. In younger chicks, poorer inhibitory control associated with less negative, more positive, affective states. We found no relationship between inhibitory control and affective states in older chicks or adults, nor sex differences regarding how inhibitory control related to affective states. Overall, our results suggest that inhibitory control can link to affective states and that the nature of these links can change over ontogeny.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Clare Garnham
- Division of Biology, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Charlie Clarke
- Division of Biology, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hanne Løvlie
- Division of Biology, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Hanne Løvlie
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Garnham LC, Boddington R, Løvlie H. Variation in inhibitory control does not influence social rank, foraging efficiency, or risk taking, in red junglefowl females. Anim Cogn 2022; 25:867-879. [PMID: 35122185 PMCID: PMC9334373 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-022-01598-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Individual variation in cognition, seen in many taxa, is not well understood, despite its potential evolutionary consequences. Inhibitory control is an aspect of cognition which differs between individuals. However, how selection could act on this variation remains unclear. First, individual consistency over time of behaviours affected by inhibitory control, and how these behaviours relate to each other, is not well understood. Second, consequences in ecologically relevant contexts of variation in behaviours affected by inhibitory control, are scarcely investigated. Therefore, we explored the temporal consistency and inter-relatedness of two behaviours influenced by inhibitory control (impulsive action and persistence) and how these link to social rank, foraging efficiency, and risk taking in adult female red junglefowl (Gallus gallus). We measured impulsive action in a detour test, and persistence in both a detour test and a foraging test. Impulsive action and persistence, measured in a detour test, were moderately consistent over time, and positively correlated. This implies that selection could act on inhibitory control via these behaviours, and selection on one behaviour could affect the other. However, we found no evidence of links between inhibitory control and social rank, foraging efficiency, or risk taking. This implies that selection may not act on inhibitory control via these measures, and that, in general, there may be a lack of strong selection on inhibitory control. This, in turn, could help explain individual variation in this aspect of cognition. Future research should explore the specificity of when inhibitory control has implications for individuals, and continue to investigate how variation in cognitive traits influences how individuals behave in contexts with potential evolutionary implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Clare Garnham
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Robert Boddington
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Hanne Løvlie
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kallupi M, Kononoff J, Melas PA, Qvist JS, de Guglielmo G, Kandel ER, George O. Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens shell attenuates cocaine withdrawal but increases cocaine self-administration, cocaine-induced locomotor activity, and GluR1/GluA1 in the central nucleus of the amygdala in male cocaine-dependent rats. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:13-22. [PMID: 34742997 PMCID: PMC8816878 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocaine addiction is a major public health problem. Despite decades of intense research, no effective treatments are available. Both preclinical and clinical studies strongly suggest that deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) is a viable target for the treatment of cocaine use disorder (CUD). OBJECTIVE Although previous studies have shown that DBS of the NAcc decreases cocaine seeking and reinstatement, the effects of DBS on cocaine intake in cocaine-dependent animals have not yet been investigated. METHODS Rats were made cocaine dependent by allowing them to self-administer cocaine in extended access conditions (6 h/day, 0.5 mg/kg/infusion). The effects of monophasic bilateral high-frequency DBS (60 μs pulse width and 130 Hz frequency) stimulation with a constant current of 150 μA of the NAcc shell on cocaine intake was then evaluated. Furthermore, cocaine-induced locomotor activity, irritability-like behavior during cocaine abstinence, and the levels of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunits 1 and 2 (GluR1/GluA1 and GluR2/GluA2) after DBS were investigated. RESULTS Contrary to our expectations, DBS of the NAcc shell induced a slight increase in cocaine self-administration, and increased cocaine-induced locomotion after extended access of cocaine self-administration. In addition, DBS decreased irritability-like behavior 18 h into cocaine withdrawal. Finally, DBS increased both cytosolic and synaptosomal levels of GluR1, but not GluR2, in the central nucleus of the amygdala but not in other brain regions. CONCLUSIONS These preclinical results with cocaine-dependent animals support the use of high-frequency DBS of the NAcc shell as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of the negative emotional state that emerges during cocaine abstinence, but also demonstrate that DBS does not decrease cocaine intake in active, long-term cocaine users. These data, together with the existing evidence that DBS of the NAcc shell reduces the reinstatement of cocaine seeking in abstinent animals, suggest that NAcc shell DBS may be beneficial for the treatment of the negative emotional states and craving during abstinence, although it may worsen cocaine use if individuals continue drug use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marsida Kallupi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N.Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA,Correspondence to: and
| | - Jenni Kononoff
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N.Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Philippe A. Melas
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Jerome L. Greene Science Center, New York, NY 10027, USA,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
| | - Johanna S. Qvist
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Jerome L. Greene Science Center, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Giordano de Guglielmo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N.Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eric R. Kandel
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Jerome L. Greene Science Center, New York, NY 10027, USA,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Olivier George
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N.Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA,Correspondence to: and
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ryding S, Garnham LC, Abbey-Lee RN, Petkova I, Kreshchenko A, Løvlie H. Impulsivity is affected by cognitive enrichment and links to brain gene expression in red junglefowl chicks. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
9
|
Upadhyayula PS, Rennert RC, Martin JR, Yue JK, Yang J, Gillis-Buck EM, Sidhu N, Cheung CK, Lee AT, Hoshide RR, Ciacci JD. Basal impulses: findings from the last twenty years on impulsivity and reward pathways using deep brain stimulation. J Neurosurg Sci 2020; 64:544-551. [PMID: 32972108 DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.20.04906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an important treatment modality for movement disorders. Its role in tasks and processes of higher cortical function continues to increase in importance and relevance. This systematic review investigates the impact of DBS on measures of impulsivity. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A total of 45 studies were collated from PubMed (30 prospective, 8 animal, 4 questionnaire-based, and 3 computational models), excluding case reports and review articles. Two areas extensively studied are the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and nucleus accumbens (NAc). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS While both are part of the basal ganglia, the STN and NAc have extensive connections to the prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, and limbic system. Therefore, understanding cause and treatment of impulsivity requires understanding motor pathways, learning, memory, and emotional processing. DBS of the STN and NAc shell can increase objective measures of impulsivity, as measured by reaction times or reward-based learning, independent from patient insight. The ability for DBS to treat impulse control disorders, and also cause and/or worsen impulsivity in Parkinson's disease, may be explained by the affected closely-related neuroanatomical areas with discrete and sometimes opposing functions. CONCLUSIONS As newer, more refined DBS technology emerges, large-scale prospective studies specifically aimed at treatment of impulsivity disorders are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavan S Upadhyayula
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robert C Rennert
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joel R Martin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - John K Yue
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jason Yang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Eva M Gillis-Buck
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nikki Sidhu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christopher K Cheung
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anthony T Lee
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Reid R Hoshide
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joseph D Ciacci
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA -
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cunha AM, Esteves M, Pereira-Mendes J, Guimarães MR, Almeida A, Leite-Almeida H. High trait impulsivity potentiates the effects of chronic pain on impulsive behavior. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2019; 7:100042. [PMID: 31890992 PMCID: PMC6928455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2019.100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We explored a potential relation between trait and chronic pain-induced impulsivity. Low trait impulsivity rats with neuropathic pain perform similarly to controls. High trait impulsivity rats are delay intolerant in chronic pain conditions. Trait characteristics influence chronic pain comorbid manifestations.
Preclinical studies on impulsive decision-making in chronic pain conditions are sparse and often contradictory. Outbred rat populations are heterogeneous regarding trait impulsivity manifestations and therefore we hypothesized that chronic pain-related alterations depend on individual traits. To test this hypothesis, we used male Wistar-Han rats in two independent experiments. Firstly, we tested the impact of spared nerve injury (SNI) in impulsive behavior evaluated by the variable delay-to-signal test (VDS). In the second experiment, SNI impact on impulsivity was again tested, but in groups previously categorized as high (HI) and low (LI) trait impulsivity in the VDS. Results showed that in an heterogenous population SNI-related impact on motor impulsivity and delay intolerance cannot be detected. However, when baseline impulsivity was considered, HI showed a significantly higher delay intolerance than the respective controls more prevalent in left-lesioned animals and appearing to result from a response correction on prematurity from VDS I to VDS II, which was present in Sham and right-lesioned animals. In conclusion, baseline differences should be more often considered when analyzing chronic pain impact. While this study pertained to impulsive behavior, other reports indicate that this can be generalized to other behavioral dimensions and that trait differences can influence not only the manifestation of comorbid behaviors but also pain itself in a complex and not totally understood manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Cunha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Madalena Esteves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana Pereira-Mendes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Marco Rafael Guimarães
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Armando Almeida
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Hugo Leite-Almeida
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga Guimarães, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fang X, Xu X, Lin X, Liu R. Downregulated spinal IRF8 and BDNF in NAC are involved in neuropathic pain-induced depression relief via pulsed radiofrequency on dorsal root ganglion in rat SNI model. Brain Res Bull 2019; 146:192-200. [PMID: 30639279 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) on the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), which produces remarkable analgesia through high-frequency electromagnetic energy, has become a main therapy for chronic neuropathic pain. The chronic neuropathic pain in patients is frequently accompanied by depression. However, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of the treatment of PRF on DRG for the neuropathic pain-induced depression remain unclear. This study was designed to explore the effect of PRF on DRG on the neuropathic pain-induced depression in rats with spared nerve injury (SNI). Here, we found that PRF on DRG or intrathecal injection of the interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) siRNA prevented the increase of mechanical allodynia and depression-like behaviors of rats after receiving SNI. Meanwhile, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and RT-PCR revealed that PRF on DRG or intrathecal injection of IRF8 siRNA inhibited IRF8 overexpression in the spinal cord and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in NAc. These results suggest that neuropathic pain-induced depression could be attenuated by PRF applied to DRG in SNI rats. The suppressed overexpression of the spinal IRF8 and BDNF in NAc may play an important role and contribute considerably to effectiveness of the therapy by PRF on DRG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueru Xu
- Department of Pain Management, Fujian Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinic College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xingwu Lin
- Department of Pain Management, Fujian Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinic College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Rongguo Liu
- Department of Pain Management, Fujian Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinic College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
An automated home-cage-based 5-choice serial reaction time task for rapid assessment of attention and impulsivity in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2015-2026. [PMID: 30826849 PMCID: PMC6647605 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) is a widely used operant task for measuring attention and motor impulsivity in rodents. Training animals in this task requires an extensive period of daily operant sessions. Recently, a self-paced, automated version of this task has been developed for mice, which substantially reduces training time. Whether a similar approach is effective for rats is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE Here, we tested whether attention and impulsivity can be assessed in rats with a self-paced version of the 5-CSRTT. METHODS Operant boxes were connected to home-cages with tunnels. Two groups of rats self-paced their training by means of an automated script. The first group of animals was allowed unlimited access (UA) to start trials in the task; for the second group, trial availability was restricted to the first 2.5 h of the dark cycle (TR). Task parameter manipulations, such as variable inter-trial intervals and stimulus durations as well as pharmacological challenges with scopolamine, were tested to validate the task. RESULTS Self-paced training took less than 1 week. Animals in the UA group showed higher levels of omissions compared with the TR group. In both protocols, variable inter-trial intervals increased impulsivity, and variable stimulus durations decreased attentional performance. Scopolamine affected cognitive performance in the TR group only. CONCLUSIONS Home-cage-based training of the 5-CSRTT in rats, especially the TR protocol, presents a valid and fast alternative for measuring attention and impulsivity.
Collapse
|
13
|
Efficacy of Invasive and Non-Invasive Brain Modulation Interventions for Addiction. Neuropsychol Rev 2018; 29:116-138. [PMID: 30536145 PMCID: PMC6499746 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-018-9393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It is important to find new treatments for addiction due to high relapse rates despite current interventions and due to expansion of the field with non-substance related addictive behaviors. Neuromodulation may provide a new type of treatment for addiction since it can directly target abnormalities in neurocircuits. We review literature on five neuromodulation techniques investigated for efficacy in substance related and behavioral addictions: transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), (repetitive) transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), EEG, fMRI neurofeedback and deep brain stimulation (DBS) and additionally report on effects of these interventions on addiction-related cognitive processes. While rTMS and tDCS, mostly applied at the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, show reductions in immediate craving for various addictive substances, placebo-responses are high and long-term outcomes are understudied. The lack in well-designed EEG-neurofeedback studies despite decades of investigation impedes conclusions about its efficacy. Studies investigating fMRI neurofeedback are new and show initial promising effects on craving, but future trials are needed to investigate long-term and behavioral effects. Case studies report prolonged abstinence of opioids or alcohol with ventral striatal DBS but difficulties with patient inclusion may hinder larger, controlled trials. DBS in neuropsychiatric patients modulates brain circuits involved in reward processing, extinction and negative-reinforcement that are also relevant for addiction. To establish the potential of neuromodulation for addiction, more randomized controlled trials are needed that also investigate treatment duration required for long-term abstinence and potential synergy with other addiction interventions. Finally, future advancement may be expected from tailoring neuromodulation techniques to specific patient (neurocognitive) profiles.
Collapse
|
14
|
Borders C, Hsu F, Sweidan AJ, Matei ES, Bota RG. Deep brain stimulation for obsessive compulsive disorder: A review of results by anatomical target. Ment Illn 2018; 10:7900. [PMID: 30542526 PMCID: PMC6240923 DOI: 10.4081/mi.2018.7900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest deep brain stimulation (DBS) as a treatment modality for the refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It is unclear where to place the DBS. Various sites are proposed for placement with the ventral capsule/ventral striatum (VC/VS) among the most studied. Herein, we aim to summarize both quantitative Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) data and qualitative descriptions of the participants' symptoms when given. A literature search conducted via PubMed yielded 32 articles. We sought to apply a standard based on the utilization of YBOCS. This yielded 153 distinct patients. The outcome measure we focused on in this review is the latest YBOCS score reported for each patient/cohort in comparison to the location of the DBS. A total of 32 articles were found in the search results. In total, 153 distinct patients' results were reported in these studies. Across this collection of papers, a total of 9 anatomic structures were targeted. The majority of studies showed a better response at the last time point as compared to the first time point. Most patients had DBS at nucleus accumbens followed by VC/VS and the least patients had DBS at the bilateral superolateral branch of the median forebrain bundle and the bilateral basolateral amygdala. The average YBOCS improvement did not seem to directly correlate with the percentile of patients responding to the intervention. Well-controlled, randomized studies with larger sample sizes with close follow up are needed to provide a more accurate determination for placement of DBS for OCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank Hsu
- University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Peisker CB, Schüller T, Peters J, Wagner BJ, Schilbach L, Müller UJ, Visser-Vandewalle V, Kuhn J. Nucleus Accumbens Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients with Substance Use Disorders and Delay Discounting. Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8020021. [PMID: 29382059 PMCID: PMC5836040 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shows first promising results in patients with severe substance use disorder (SUD), a patient group known to have deficits in self-control. One facet of self-control is the ability to forego smaller sooner rewards in favor of larger later rewards (delay discounting, DD). The NAc has been suggested to integrate motivational information to guide behavior while the consequences of NAc-DBS on DD are unknown. To this end, nine patients with SUD performed a DD task with DBS on and after a 24 h DBS off period. Furthermore, 18 healthy controls were measured to assess possible alterations in DD in patients with SUD. Our findings implicate that DD was not significantly modulated by NAc-DBS and also that patients with SUD did not differ from healthy controls. While null results must be interpreted with caution, the commonly observed association of impaired DD in SUD might suggest a long-term effect of NAc-DBS that was not sufficiently modulated by a 24 h DBS off period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Canan B Peisker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Thomas Schüller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Jan Peters
- Department of Psychology, Biological Psychology, University of Cologne, Bernhard-Feilchenfeld-Straße 11, 50969 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Ben J Wagner
- Department of Psychology, Biological Psychology, University of Cologne, Bernhard-Feilchenfeld-Straße 11, 50969 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Leonhard Schilbach
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany.
| | - Ulf J Müller
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
- Pychosomatic Hospital Buching, Rauhenbichl, 87642 Halblech, Germany.
| | - Veerle Visser-Vandewalle
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Jens Kuhn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, Johanniter Hospital Oberhausen, Steinbrinkstraße 96a, 46145 Oberhausen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|