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Froehlich T, Jenner A, Cavarischia-Rega C, Fagbadebo FO, Lurz Y, Frecot DI, Kaiser PD, Nueske S, Scholz AM, Schäffer E, Garcia-Saez AJ, Macek B, Rothbauer U. Nanobodies as novel tools to monitor the mitochondrial fission factor Drp1. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402608. [PMID: 38816213 PMCID: PMC11140114 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In cells, mitochondria undergo constant fusion and fission. An essential factor for fission is the mammalian dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). Dysregulation of Drp1 is associated with neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's, cardiovascular diseases and cancer, making Drp1 a pivotal biomarker for monitoring mitochondrial status and potential pathophysiological conditions. Here, we developed nanobodies (Nbs) as versatile binding molecules for proteomics, advanced microscopy and live cell imaging of Drp1. To specifically enrich endogenous Drp1 with interacting proteins for proteomics, we functionalized high-affinity Nbs into advanced capture matrices. Furthermore, we detected Drp1 by bivalent Nbs combined with site-directed fluorophore labelling in super-resolution STORM microscopy. For real-time imaging of Drp1, we intracellularly expressed fluorescently labelled Nbs, so-called chromobodies (Cbs). To improve the signal-to-noise ratio, we further converted Cbs into a "turnover-accelerated" format. With these imaging probes, we visualized the dynamics of endogenous Drp1 upon compound-induced mitochondrial fission in living cells. Considering the wide range of research applications, the presented Nb toolset will open up new possibilities for advanced functional studies of Drp1 in disease-relevant models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Froehlich
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Jenner
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Claudia Cavarischia-Rega
- Quantitative Proteomics, Department of Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Yannic Lurz
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Desiree I Frecot
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philipp D Kaiser
- https://ror.org/03a1kwz48 NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Nueske
- Livestock Center of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Armin M Scholz
- Livestock Center of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik Schäffer
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ana J Garcia-Saez
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Boris Macek
- Quantitative Proteomics, Department of Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Rothbauer
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- https://ror.org/03a1kwz48 Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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2
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Wu YH, Hsieh HL. Effects of Redox Homeostasis and Mitochondrial Damage on Alzheimer's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1816. [PMID: 37891895 PMCID: PMC10604635 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioenergetic mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature of several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), where redox imbalance also plays an important role in terms of disease development. AD is an age-related disease and begins many years before the appearance of neurodegenerative symptoms. Intracellular tau aggregation, extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in the brain, and even the APOE4 genotype contribute to the process of AD by impairing redox homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction. This review summarizes the evidence for the redox imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction in AD and demonstrates the current therapeutic strategies related to mitochondrial maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Wu
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan or
| | - Hsi-Lung Hsieh
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan or
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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3
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Stephen TKL, Cofresi LA, Quiroz E, Owusu-Ansah K, Ibrahim Y, Qualls E, Marshall J, Li W, Shetti A, Bonds JA, Minshall RD, Cologna SM, Lazarov O. Caveolin-1 Autonomously Regulates Hippocampal Neurogenesis Via Mitochondrial Dynamics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.23.558792. [PMID: 37790360 PMCID: PMC10542167 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.23.558792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) are not fully understood. AHN plays instrumental roles in learning and memory. Understanding the signals that regulate AHN has implications for brain function and therapy. Here we show that Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a protein that is highly enriched in endothelial cells and the principal component of caveolae, autonomously regulates AHN. Conditional deletion of Cav-1 in adult neural progenitor cells (nestin +) led to increased neurogenesis and enhanced performance of mice in contextual discrimination. Proteomic analysis revealed that Cav-1 plays a role in mitochondrial pathways in neural progenitor cells. Importantly, Cav-1 was localized to the mitochondria in neural progenitor cells and modulated mitochondrial fission-fusion, a critical process in neurogenesis. These results suggest that Cav-1 is a novel regulator of AHN and underscore the impact of AHN on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terilyn K. L. Stephen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luis Aponte Cofresi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elvis Quiroz
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kofi Owusu-Ansah
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yomna Ibrahim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ellis Qualls
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeffery Marshall
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wenping Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aashutosh Shetti
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacqueline A Bonds
- Departmet of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Richard D. Minshall
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL,USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL USA
| | | | - Orly Lazarov
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lead Contact
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4
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Chandra K, Swathi M, Keerthana B, Gopan S, Ghantasala JP, Joshi MB, Thondamal M, Parsa KVL. PHLPP1 regulates PINK1-parkin signalling and life span. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166718. [PMID: 37060964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Adaptability to intracellular or extracellular cues is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Metabolic signals intricately control the morphology and functions of mitochondria by regulating bioenergetics and metabolism. Here, we describe the involvement of PHLPP1, a Ser/Thr phosphatase, in mitochondrial homeostasis. Microscopic analysis showed the enhanced globular structure of mitochondria in PHLPP1-depleted HEK 293T and C2C12 cells, while forced expression of PHLPP1 promoted mitochondrial tubularity. We show that PHLPP1 promoted pro-fusion markers MFN2 and p-DRP1Ser637 levels using over-expression and knockdown strategies. Contrastingly, PHLPP1 induced mitochondrial fragmentation by augmenting pro-fission markers, t-DRP1 and pDrp1Ser616 upon mitochondrial stress. At the molecular level, PHLPP1 interacted with and caused dephosphorylation of calcineurin, a p-DRP1Ser637 phosphatase, under basal conditions. Likewise, PHLPP1 dimerized with PINK1 under basal conditions. However, the interaction of PHLPP1 with both calcineurin and PINK1 was impaired upon CCCP and oligomycin-induced mitochondrial stress. Interestingly, upon mitochondrial membrane depolarization, PHLPP1 promoted PINK1 stabilization and parkin recruitment to mitochondria, and thereby activated the mitophagy machinery providing a molecular explanation for the dual effects of PHLPP1 on mitochondria under different conditions. Consistent with our in-vitro findings, depletion of phlp-2, ortholog of PHLPP1 in C. elegans, led to mitochondrial fission under basal conditions, extended the lifespan of the worms, and enhanced survival of worms subjected to paraquat-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Chandra
- Centre for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, India; Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - M Swathi
- Centre for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - B Keerthana
- Centre for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, India; Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sooraj Gopan
- Centre for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | | | - Manjunath B Joshi
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Manjunatha Thondamal
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM) (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, India
| | - Kishore V L Parsa
- Centre for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CIMPS), Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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5
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Robertson GL, Riffle S, Patel M, Bodnya C, Marshall A, Beasley HK, Garza-Lopez E, Shao J, Vue Z, Hinton A, Stoll MS, de Wet S, Theart RP, Chakrabarty RP, Loos B, Chandel NS, Mears JA, Gama V. DRP1 mutations associated with EMPF1 encephalopathy alter mitochondrial membrane potential and metabolic programs. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260370. [PMID: 36763487 PMCID: PMC10657212 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria and peroxisomes are dynamic signaling organelles that constantly undergo fission, driven by the large GTPase dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1; encoded by DNM1L). Patients with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in DNM1L present with encephalopathy due to defective mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission (EMPF1) - a devastating neurodevelopmental disease with no effective treatment. To interrogate the mechanisms by which DRP1 mutations cause cellular dysfunction, we used human-derived fibroblasts from patients who present with EMPF1. In addition to elongated mitochondrial morphology and lack of fission, patient cells display lower coupling efficiency, increased proton leak and upregulation of glycolysis. Mitochondrial hyperfusion also results in aberrant cristae structure and hyperpolarized mitochondrial membrane potential. Peroxisomes show a severely elongated morphology in patient cells, which is associated with reduced respiration when cells are reliant on fatty acid oxidation. Metabolomic analyses revealed impaired methionine cycle and synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Our study provides insight into the role of mitochondrial dynamics in cristae maintenance and the metabolic capacity of the cell, as well as the disease mechanism underlying EMPF1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stellan Riffle
- Vanderbilt University, Cell and Developmental Biology, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mira Patel
- Vanderbilt University, Cell and Developmental Biology, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Caroline Bodnya
- Vanderbilt University, Cell and Developmental Biology, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Andrea Marshall
- Vanderbilt University, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Heather K. Beasley
- Vanderbilt University, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Edgar Garza-Lopez
- Vanderbilt University, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jianqiang Shao
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Zer Vue
- Vanderbilt University, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Vanderbilt University, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Maria S. Stoll
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Pharmacology and Center for Mitochondrial Diseases, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sholto de Wet
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Physiological Sciences, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Rensu P. Theart
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Ram Prosad Chakrabarty
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ben Loos
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jason A. Mears
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Pharmacology and Center for Mitochondrial Diseases, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Vivian Gama
- Vanderbilt University, Cell and Developmental Biology, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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6
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Nayak D, Adiga D, Khan NG, Rai PS, Dsouza HS, Chakrabarty S, Gassman NR, Kabekkodu SP. Impact of Bisphenol A on Structure and Function of Mitochondria: A Critical Review. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 260:10. [DOI: 10.1007/s44169-022-00011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
AbstractBisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical used extensively to manufacture polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Because of its estrogen-mimicking properties, BPA acts as an endocrine-disrupting chemical. It has gained attention due to its high chances of daily and constant human exposure, bioaccumulation, and the ability to cause cellular toxicities and diseases at extremely low doses. Several elegant studies have shown that BPA can exert cellular toxicities by interfering with the structure and function of mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. Exposure to BPA results in oxidative stress and alterations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), mitochondrial biogenesis, bioenergetics, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decline, mitophagy, and apoptosis. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in conjunction with oxidative damage may be responsible for causing BPA-mediated cellular toxicity. Thus, several reports have suggested using antioxidant treatment to mitigate the toxicological effects of BPA. The present literature review emphasizes the adverse effects of BPA on mitochondria, with a comprehensive note on the molecular aspects of the structural and functional alterations in mitochondria in response to BPA exposure. The review also confers the possible approaches to alleviate BPA-mediated oxidative damage and the existing knowledge gaps in this emerging area of research.
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7
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Vantaggiato C, Orso G, Guarato G, Brivio F, Napoli B, Panzeri E, Masotti S, Santorelli FM, Lamprou M, Gumeni S, Clementi E, Bassi MT. Rescue of lysosomal function as therapeutic strategy for SPG15 hereditary spastic paraplegia. Brain 2022; 146:1103-1120. [PMID: 36029068 PMCID: PMC9976989 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SPG15 is a hereditary spastic paraplegia subtype caused by mutations in Spastizin, a protein encoded by the ZFYVE26 gene. Spastizin is involved in autophagosome maturation and autophagic lysosome reformation and SPG15-related mutations lead to autophagic lysosome reformation defects with lysosome enlargement, free lysosome depletion and autophagosome accumulation. Symptomatic and rehabilitative treatments are the only therapy currently available for patients. Here, we targeted autophagy and lysosomes in SPG15 patient-derived cells by using a library of autophagy-modulating compounds. We identified a rose of compounds affecting intracellular calcium levels, the calcium-calpain pathway or lysosomal functions, which reduced autophagosome accumulation. The six most effective compounds were tested in vivo in a new SPG15 loss of function Drosophila model that mimicked the reported SPG15 phenotype, with autophagosome accumulation, enlarged lysosomes, reduced free lysosomes, autophagic lysosome reformation defects and locomotor deficit. These compounds, namely verapamil, Bay K8644, 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine, trehalose, Small-Molecule Enhancer of Rapamycin 28 and trifluoperazine, improved lysosome biogenesis and function in vivo, demonstrating that lysosomes are a key pharmacological target to rescue SPG15 phenotype. Among the others, the Small-Molecule Enhancer of Rapamycin 28 was the most effective, rescuing both autophagic lysosome reformation defects and locomotor deficit, and could be considered as a potential therapeutic compound for this hereditary spastic paraplegia subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Vantaggiato
- Correspondence to: Chiara Vantaggiato, PhD Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Via D. L. Monza 20 23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy E-mail:
| | - Genny Orso
- Correspondence may also be addressed to: Genny Orso, PhD Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo E. Meneghetti 2, Padova, Italy E-mail:
| | - Giulia Guarato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo E. Meneghetti 2, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Brivio
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Barbara Napoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo E. Meneghetti 2, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Panzeri
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Simona Masotti
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | | | - Maria Lamprou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Emilio Clementi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, ‘Luigi Sacco’ University Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Bassi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
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8
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Goyal S, Tiwari S, Seth B, Phoolmala, Tandon A, Kumar Chaturvedi R. Bisphenol-A Mediated Impaired DRP1-GFER Axis and Cognition Restored by PGC-1α Upregulation Through Nicotinamide in the Rat Brain Hippocampus. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4761-4775. [PMID: 35612786 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02862-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The regulatory network of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics is vital for mitochondrial functions and cellular homeostasis. Any impairment in the mitochondrial network leads to neurodegenerative disorders. Our earlier studies suggest that environmental toxicant Bisphenol-A (BPA) exposure reduces neurogenesis by abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial biogenesis through impairment of mitochondrial fission factor dynamin-related protein (DRP1) and mitochondrial import protein GFER, which leads to demyelination, neurodegeneration, and cognitive deficits in the rats. In the present study, we found that chronic BPA exposure reduces PGC-1α levels (master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis), alters mitochondrial localization of DRP1 and GFER, and reduces the number of PGC-1α/NeuN+ and PGC-1α/β-tubulin+ neurons in the rat hippocampus, suggesting reduced PGC-1α-mediated neurogenesis. Nicotinamide significantly increased PGC-1α protein levels, PGC-1α/NeuN+ co-labeled cells in BPA-treated rat hippocampus and PGC-1α/β-tubulin+ co-labeled cells in neuron culture derived from hippocampal neural stem cells. Interestingly, PGC-1α upregulation by nicotinamide also resulted in increased GFER levels and restored mitochondrial localization of GFER (increased GFER/TOMM20 co-labeled cells) in vitro and in vivo following BPA treatment. Nicotinamide also reduced DRP1 levels and prevented DRP1 mitochondrial localization in BPA-treated neuronal cultures and hippocampus, suggesting reduced mitochondrial fission. This resulted in reduced cytochrome c levels in neuronal culture and reduced hippocampal neurodegeneration (reduced caspase-3/NeuN+ co-labeled neurons) following nicotinamide treatment in BPA-treated group. Consequently, activation of PGC-1α by nicotinamide restored BPA-mediated cognitive deficits in rats. Results suggest that the treatment of nicotinamide has therapeutic potential and rescues BPA-mediated neuronal death and cognitive deficits by upregulating the PGC-1α and GFER-DRP1 link, thus balancing mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Goyal
- Molecular Neurotoxicology and Cell Integrity Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Saurabh Tiwari
- Molecular Neurotoxicology and Cell Integrity Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Brashket Seth
- Molecular Neurotoxicology and Cell Integrity Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Phoolmala
- Molecular Neurotoxicology and Cell Integrity Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ankit Tandon
- Molecular Neurotoxicology and Cell Integrity Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Sciences, Babu Banarasi Das University, BBD City, Faizabad Road, Lucknow, 226 028, U.P, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar Chaturvedi
- Molecular Neurotoxicology and Cell Integrity Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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9
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Hsu WC, Wu DH, Chen SW, Castillo SAC, Huang SD, Li CP, Wang YP. Insights into the genetic spatial structure of Nicaraguan weedy rice and control of its seed spread. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3685-3696. [PMID: 35613256 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic backgrounds and occurrence patterns of weedy rice (WR, Oryza sativa) are highly diverse, and so are the challenges facing its control among countries. WR control is difficult because it is similar to cultivated rice and manual removal is one of the few options for control. Understanding the ecology of WR will aid efforts to break its life cycle and establish long-term management strategies under both irrigated and rainfed systems. RESULTS Nicaraguan WR (NWR) plants were genetically closer to the AUS and Indica pools in terms of to genetic distance. A map of admixture coefficients suggested a pattern of long-distance dispersal and spread of NWR across Nicaragua, which has likely been facilitated by commercial activities and sharing of harvesting equipment between border cities or important trading ports and inland regions. Moreover, the NWR plants from the soil seedbank in irrigated regions showed different habitats and lower grain number per panicle compared with plants spread by seed-mediated contamination. In addition, grain indexes showed that length-to-width ratio was a better indicator than awn length for distinguishing between NWR and Nicaraguan Indica cultivars. CONCLUSION Analysis of the population structure and habitats of NWR revealed five clusters derived from seed-mediated contamination in rainfed upland regions, plants from the soil seedbank in irrigated double-cropping regions, and pollen-mediated contamination across both regions. Field weed management before harvesting and seed purification based on the length-to-width ratio can be conducted to improve the efficiency of long-term control of WR in Nicaragua. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Hsu
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Hong Wu
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Wu Chen
- Taiwan Technical Mission in Nicaragua, International Cooperation and Development Fund, Managua, Nicaragua
| | | | - Sih-Dun Huang
- Technical Cooperation Department, International Cooperation and Development Fund, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Charng-Pei Li
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ping Wang
- Technical Cooperation Department, International Cooperation and Development Fund, Taipei, Taiwan
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10
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Benarroch E. What Is the Role of Mitochondrial Fission in Neurologic Disease? Neurology 2022; 98:662-668. [PMID: 35437267 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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11
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Sbai O, Djelloul M, Auletta A, Ieraci A, Vascotto C, Perrone L. AGE-TXNIP axis drives inflammation in Alzheimer's by targeting Aβ to mitochondria in microglia. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:302. [PMID: 35379773 PMCID: PMC8980056 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Although neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are well-recognized features of AD, their correlations with the early molecular events characterizing the pathology are not yet well clarified. Here, we characterize the role of RAGE-TXNIP axis in neuroinflammation in relation to amyloid-beta (Aβ) burden in both in vivo and in vitro models. In the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice microglial activation, cytokine secretion, and glial fibrillary acidic protein-enhanced expression are paralleled with increased TXNIP expression. TXNIP silencing or its pharmacological inhibition prevents neuroinflammation in those mice. TXNIP is also associated with RAGE and Aβ. In particular, RAGE-TXNIP axis is required for targeting Aβ in mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Silencing of TXNIP or inhibition of RAGE activation reduces Aβ transport from the cellular surface to mitochondria, restores mitochondrial functionality, and mitigates Aβ toxicity. Furthermore, Aβ shuttling into mitochondria promotes Drp1 activation and exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction, which induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to secretion of IL-1β and activation of the pyroptosis-associated protein Gasdermin D (GSDMD). Downregulation of RAGE-TXNIP axis inhibits Aβ-induced mitochondria dysfunction, inflammation, and induction of GSDMD. Herein we unveil a new pathway driven by TXNIP that links the mitochondrial transport of Aβ to the activation of Drp1 and the NLRP3 inflammasome, promoting the secretion of IL-1β and the pyroptosis pathway associated with GSDMD cleavage. Altogether these data shed new light on a novel mechanism of action of RAGE-TXNIP axis in microglia, which is intertwined with Aβ and ultimately causes mitochondria dysfunction and NLRP3 inflammasome cascade activation, suggesting TXNIP as a druggable target to be better deepened for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oualid Sbai
- Caminnov sas, Montpellier, France
- University Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Antonia Auletta
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ieraci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Vascotto
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - L Perrone
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, 2nd Division of Neurology, Center for Rare Diseases and InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
- DKFZ, Department of Functional and Structural Genomics, Heidelberg, Germany.
- University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
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12
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Zhao Q, Yan S, Lu J, Parker DJ, Wu H, Sun Q, Crossman DK, Liu S, Wang Q, Sesaki H, Mitra K, Liu K, Jiao K. Drp1 regulates transcription of ribosomal protein genes in embryonic hearts. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274456. [PMID: 35099001 PMCID: PMC8919333 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction causes severe congenital cardiac abnormalities and prenatal/neonatal lethality. The lack of sufficient knowledge regarding how mitochondrial abnormalities affect cardiogenesis poses a major barrier for the development of clinical applications that target mitochondrial deficiency-induced inborn cardiomyopathies. Mitochondrial morphology, which is regulated by fission and fusion, plays a key role in determining mitochondrial activity. Dnm1l encodes a dynamin-related GTPase, Drp1, which is required for mitochondrial fission. To investigate the role of Drp1 in cardiogenesis during the embryonic metabolic shift period, we specifically inactivated Dnm1l in second heart field-derived structures. Mutant cardiomyocytes in the right ventricle (RV) displayed severe defects in mitochondrial morphology, ultrastructure and activity. These defects caused increased cell death, decreased cell survival, disorganized cardiomyocytes and embryonic lethality. By characterizing this model, we reveal an AMPK-SIRT7-GABPB axis that relays the reduced cellular energy level to decrease transcription of ribosomal protein genes in cardiomyocytes. We therefore provide the first genetic evidence in mouse that Drp1 is essential for RV development. Our research provides further mechanistic insight into how mitochondrial dysfunction causes pathological molecular and cellular alterations during cardiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiancong Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, People's Republic of China,Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Shun Yan
- Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jin Lu
- Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Danitra J. Parker
- Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Huiying Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, People's Republic of China,Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Qianchuang Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, People's Republic of China,Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - David K. Crossman
- Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Shanrun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kasturi Mitra
- Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kexiang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, People's Republic of China,Authors for correspondence (; )
| | - Kai Jiao
- Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA,Present address: Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1462 Laney Walker Blvd. CA4092, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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13
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Kumar R, Haider S. Protein network analysis to prioritize key genes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2021; 12:25-44. [PMID: 34918006 PMCID: PMC8669318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease, progressive nature characterizes by loss of both upper and lower motor neuron functions. One of the major challenge is to understand the mechanism of ALS multifactorial nature. We aimed to explore some key genes related to ALS through bioinformatics methods for its therapeutic intervention. Here, we applied a systems biology approach involving experimentally validated 148 ALS-associated proteins and construct ALS protein-protein interaction network (ALS-PPIN). The network was further statistically analysed and identified bottleneck-hubs. The network is also subjected to identify modules which could have similar functions. The interaction between the modules and bottleneck-hubs provides the functional regulatory role of the ALS mechanism. The ALS-PPIN demonstrated a hierarchical scale-free nature. We identified 17 bottleneck-hubs, in which CDC5L, SNW1, TP53, SOD1, and VCP were the high degree nodes (hubs) in ALS-PPIN. CDC5L was found to control highly cluster modules and play a vital role in the stability of the overall network followed by SNW1, TP53, SOD1, and VCP. HSPA5 and HSPA8 acting as a common connector for CDC5L and TP53 bottleneck-hubs. The functional and disease association analysis showed ALS has a strong correlation with mRNA processing, protein deubiquitination, and neoplasms, nervous system, immune system disease classes. In the future, biochemical investigation of the observed bottleneck-hubs and their interacting partners could provide a further understanding of their role in the pathophysiology of ALS. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis protein-protein interaction network (ALS-PPIN) followed a hierarchical scale-free nature. We identified 17 bottleneck-hubs in the ALS-PPIN. Among bottleneck-hubs we found CDC5L, SNW1, TP53, SOD1, and VCP were the high degree nodes (hubs) in the ALS-PPIN. CDC5L is the effective communicator with all five modules in the ALS-PPIN and followed by SNW1 and TP53. Modules are highly associated with various disease classes like neoplasms, nervous systems and others.
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Key Words
- ALS
- ALS, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- ALS-PPIN
- ALS-PPIN, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Protein-Protein Interaction Network
- ALSoD, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis online database
- BC, Betweenness centrality
- Bn-H, Bottleneck-hub
- Bottleneck-hubs
- CDC5L
- CDC5L, Cell division cycle5-likeprotein
- FUS, Fused in sarcoma
- MCODE, Molecular Complex Detection
- MND, Motor neuron disease
- SMA, Spinal muscular atrophy
- SMN, Survival of motor neuron
- SNW1
- SNW1, SNW domain-containing protein 1
- SOD1
- SOD1, Superoxide dismutase
- TP53
- TP53, Tumor protein p53
- VCP
- VCP, Valosin containing protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Sec-62, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shazia Haider
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Sec-62, Uttar Pradesh, India
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14
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Srinivasan K, Pandey AK, Livingston A, Venkatesh S. Roles of host mitochondria in the development of COVID-19 pathology: Could mitochondria be a potential therapeutic target? MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2021; 2:38. [PMID: 34841263 PMCID: PMC8608434 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00060-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in late 2019 and its spread worldwide caused an acute pandemic of Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). Since then, COVID-19 has been under intense scrutiny as its outbreak led to significant changes in healthcare, social activities, and economic settings worldwide. Although angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor is shown to be the primary port of SARS-CoV-2 entry in cells, the mechanisms behind the establishment and pathologies of COVID-19 are poorly understood. As recent studies have shown that host mitochondria play an essential role in virus-mediated innate immune response, pathologies, and infection, in this review, we will discuss in detail the entry and progression of SARS-CoV-2 and how mitochondria could play roles in COVID-19 disease. We will also review the potential interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and mitochondria and discuss possible treatments, including whether mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target in COVID-19. Understanding SARS-CoV-2 and mitochondrial interactions mediated virus establishment, inflammation, and other consequences may provide a unique mechanism and conceptual advancement in finding a novel treatment for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Srinivasan
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers -New Jersey Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ USA
- New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY USA
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers -New Jersey Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ USA
| | | | - Sundararajan Venkatesh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers -New Jersey Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ USA
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15
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Sotthibundhu A, Muangchan P, Phonchai R, Promjantuek W, Chaicharoenaudomrung N, Kunhorm P, Noisa P. Autophagy Promoted Neural Differentiation of Human Placenta-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. In Vivo 2021; 35:2609-2620. [PMID: 34410948 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) are multipotent and possess neurogenicity. Numerous studies have shown that Notch inhibition and DNA demethylation promote neural differentiation. Here, we investigated the modulation of autophagy during neural differentiation of hPMSCs, induced by DAPT and 5-Azacytidine. MATERIALS AND METHODS hPMSCs were treated with DAPT to induce neural differentiation, and the autophagy regulating molecules were used to assess the impact of autophagy on neural differentiation. RESULTS The hPMSCs presented with typical mesenchymal stem cell phenotypes, in which the majority of cells expressed CD73, CD90 and CD105. hPMSCs were multipotent, capable of differentiating into mesodermal cells. After treatment with DAPT, hPMSCs upregulated the expression of neuronal genes including SOX2, Nestin, and βIII-tubulin, and the autophagy genes LC3I/II and Beclin. These genes were further increased when 5-Azacytidine was co-supplemented in the culture medium. The inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine impeded the neural differentiation of hPMSCs, marked by the downregulation of βIII-tubulin, while the activation of autophagy by valproic acid (VPA) instigated the emergence of βIII-tubulin-positive cells. CONCLUSION During the differentiation process, autophagy was modulated, implying that autophagy could play a significant role during the differentiation of these cells. The blockage and stimulation of autophagy could either hinder or induce the formation of neural-like cells, respectively. Therefore, the refinement of autophagic activity at an appropriate level might improve the efficiency of stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areechun Sotthibundhu
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pattamon Muangchan
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Ruchee Phonchai
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Wilasinee Promjantuek
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Nipha Chaicharoenaudomrung
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Phongsakorn Kunhorm
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Parinya Noisa
- Laboratory of Cell-Based Assays and Innovations, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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16
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All-Trans Retinoic Acid Increases DRP1 Levels and Promotes Mitochondrial Fission. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051202. [PMID: 34068960 PMCID: PMC8156392 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the heart, mitochondrial homeostasis is critical for sustaining normal function and optimal responses to metabolic and environmental stressors. Mitochondrial fusion and fission are thought to be necessary for maintaining a robust population of mitochondria, and disruptions in mitochondrial fission and/or fusion can lead to cellular dysfunction. The dynamin-related protein (DRP1) is an important mediator of mitochondrial fission. In this study, we investigated the direct effects of the micronutrient retinoid all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the mitochondrial structure in vivo and in vitro using Western blot, confocal, and transmission electron microscopy, as well as mitochondrial network quantification using stochastic modeling. Our results showed that ATRA increases DRP1 protein levels, increases the localization of DRP1 to mitochondria in isolated mitochondrial preparations. Our results also suggested that ATRA remodels the mitochondrial ultrastructure where the mitochondrial area and perimeter were decreased and the circularity was increased. Microscopically, mitochondrial network remodeling is driven by an increased rate of fission over fusion events in ATRA, as suggested by our numerical modeling. In conclusion, ATRA results in a pharmacologically mediated increase in the DRP1 protein. It also results in the modulation of cardiac mitochondria by promoting fission events, altering the mitochondrial network, and modifying the ultrastructure of mitochondria in the heart.
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17
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Carnovale C, Lucenteforte E, Battini V, Mazhar F, Fornili M, Invernizzi E, Mosini G, Gringeri M, Capuano A, Scavone C, Nobile M, Vantaggiato C, Pisano S, Bravaccio C, Radice S, Clementi E, Pozzi M. Association between the glyco-metabolic adverse effects of antipsychotic drugs and their chemical and pharmacological profile: a network meta-analysis and regression. Psychol Med 2021; 52:1-13. [PMID: 33622426 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721000180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyco-metabolic deteriorations are the most limiting adverse reactions to antipsychotics in the long term. They have been incompletely investigated and the properties of antipsychotics that determine their magnitude are not clarified.To rank antipsychotics by the magnitude of glyco-metabolic alterations and to associate it to their pharmacological and chemical properties, we conducted a network meta-analysis. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, and Psycinfo on 10 September 2020. We selected studies containing the endpoint-baseline difference or the distinct values of at least one outcome among glucose, HbA1c, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, total/HDL/LDL cholesterols. Of 2094 articles, 46 were included in network meta-analysis. Study quality was assessed by the RoB 2 and ROBINS-I tools. Mean differences (MD) were obtained by random-effects network meta-analysis; relations between MD and antipsychotic properties were analyzed by linear regressions. Antipsychotic properties investigated were acidic and basic pKa, polar surface area, polarizability, and occupancies of D2, H1, M1, M3, α1A, α2A, 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C receptors. RESULTS We meta-analyzed 46 studies (11 464 patients); on average, studies lasted 15.47 weeks, patients had between 17.68 and 61.06 years of mean age and 61.64% were males. Olanzapine and clozapine associated with greater deteriorations, aripiprazole and ziprasidone with smaller deteriorations. Higher polarizability and 5-HT1A receptor occupancy were associated with smaller deteriorations, H1, M1, and M3 receptor occupancies with larger deteriorations. CONCLUSIONS Drug rankings may guide antipsychotic switching toward metabolically safer drugs. Mechanistic insights may suggest improvements for combination therapies and drug development. More data are required regarding newer antipsychotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Carnovale
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ersilia Lucenteforte
- Unit of Medical Statistics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126Pisa, Italy
| | - Vera Battini
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Faizan Mazhar
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Fornili
- Unit of Medical Statistics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Invernizzi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Mosini
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Gringeri
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Capuano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Scavone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Nobile
- Scientific institute IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, LC, 23892, Italy
| | | | - Simone Pisano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, AORN Santobono-Pausilipon, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Bravaccio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Radice
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Clementi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Scientific institute IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, LC, 23892, Italy
| | - Marco Pozzi
- Scientific institute IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, LC, 23892, Italy
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18
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Effect of photobiomodulation on mitochondrial dynamics in peripheral nervous system in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in rats. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:293-301. [PMID: 33721255 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00018-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is no effective treatment to halt peripheral nervous system damage in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Mitochondria have been at the center of discussions as important factors in the development of neuropathy in diabetes. Photobiomodulation has been gaining clinical acceptance as it shows beneficial effects on a variety of nervous system disorders. In this study, the effects of photobiomodulation (904 nm, 45 mW, 6.23 J/cm2, 0.13 cm2, 60 ns pulsed time) on mitochondrial dynamics were evaluated in an adult male rat experimental model of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes. Results presented here indicate that photobiomodulation could have an important role in preventing or reversing mitochondrial dynamics dysfunction in the course of peripheral nervous system damage in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Photobiomodulation showed its effects on modulating the protein expression of mitofusin 2 and dynamin-related protein 1 in the sciatic nerve and in the dorsal root ganglia neurons of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in rats.
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19
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Gao QY, Zhang HF, Tao J, Chen ZT, Liu CY, Liu WH, Wu MX, Yin WY, Gao GH, Xie Y, Yang Y, Liu PM, Wang JF, Chen YX. Mitochondrial Fission and Mitophagy Reciprocally Orchestrate Cardiac Fibroblasts Activation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:629397. [PMID: 33585469 PMCID: PMC7874126 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.629397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mitochondrial fission has been reported to increase proliferative capacity and collagen production, it can also contribute to mitochondrial impairment, which is detrimental to cell survival. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of mitochondrial fission in cardiac fibroblasts (CF) activation and explore the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial health under this condition. For this, changes in the levels of mitochondrial fission/fusion-related proteins were assessed in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-activated CF, whereas the role of mitochondrial fission during this process was also elucidated, as were the underlying mechanisms. The interaction between mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, the main defense mechanism against mitochondrial impairment, was also explored. The results showed that the mitochondria in TGF-β1-treated CF were noticeably more fragmented than those of controls. The expression of several mitochondrial fission-related proteins was markedly upregulated, and the levels of fusion-related proteins were also altered, but to a lesser extent. Inhibiting mitochondrial fission resulted in a marked attenuation of TGF-β1-induced CF activation. The TGF-β1-induced increase in glycolysis was greatly suppressed in the presence of a mitochondrial inhibitor, whereas a glycolysis-specific antagonist exerted little additional antifibrotic effects. TGF-β1 treatment increased cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and triggered mitophagy, but this effect was reversed following the application of ROS scavengers. For the signals mediating mitophagy, the expression of Pink1, but not Bnip3l/Nix or Fundc1, exhibited the most significant changes, which could be counteracted by treatment with a mitochondrial fission inhibitor. Pink1 knockdown suppressed CF activation and mitochondrial fission, which was accompanied by increased CF apoptosis. In conclusion, mitochondrial fission resulted in increased glycolysis and played a crucial role in CF activation. Moreover, mitochondrial fission promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to mitophagy and the consequent degradation of the impaired mitochondria, thus promoting CF survival and maintaining their activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Teng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi-Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mao-Xiong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Yao Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hao Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pin-Ming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Li W, He P, Huang Y, Li YF, Lu J, Li M, Kurihara H, Luo Z, Meng T, Onishi M, Ma C, Jiang L, Hu Y, Gong Q, Zhu D, Xu Y, Liu R, Liu L, Yi C, Zhu Y, Ma N, Okamoto K, Xie Z, Liu J, He RR, Feng D. Selective autophagy of intracellular organelles: recent research advances. Theranostics 2021; 11:222-256. [PMID: 33391472 PMCID: PMC7681076 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (hereafter called autophagy) is a highly conserved physiological process that degrades over-abundant or damaged organelles, large protein aggregates and invading pathogens via the lysosomal system (the vacuole in plants and yeast). Autophagy is generally induced by stress, such as oxygen-, energy- or amino acid-deprivation, irradiation, drugs, etc. In addition to non-selective bulk degradation, autophagy also occurs in a selective manner, recycling specific organelles, such as mitochondria, peroxisomes, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lysosomes, nuclei, proteasomes and lipid droplets (LDs). This capability makes selective autophagy a major process in maintaining cellular homeostasis. The dysfunction of selective autophagy is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), tumorigenesis, metabolic disorders, heart failure, etc. Considering the importance of selective autophagy in cell biology, we systemically review the recent advances in our understanding of this process and its regulatory mechanisms. We emphasize the 'cargo-ligand-receptor' model in selective autophagy for specific organelles or cellular components in yeast and mammals, with a focus on mitophagy and ER-phagy, which are finely described as types of selective autophagy. Additionally, we highlight unanswered questions in the field, helping readers focus on the research blind spots that need to be broken.
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21
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Bhalla K, Jaber S, Reagan K, Hamburg A, Underwood KF, Jhajharia A, Singh M, Bhandary B, Bhat S, Nanaji NM, Hisa R, McCracken C, Creasy HH, Lapidus RG, Kingsbury T, Mayer D, Polster B, Gartenhaus RB. SIRT3, a metabolic target linked to ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene deficiency in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21159. [PMID: 33273545 PMCID: PMC7712916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivation of Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene results in an increased risk to develop cancer. We show that ATM deficiency in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) significantly induce mitochondrial deacetylase sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) activity, disrupted mitochondrial structure, decreased mitochondrial respiration, and compromised TCA flux compared with DLBCL cells expressing wild type (WT)-ATM. This corresponded to enrichment of glutamate receptor and glutamine pathways in ATM deficient background compared to WT-ATM DLBCL cells. ATM−/− DLBCL cells have decreased apoptosis in contrast to radiosensitive non-cancerous A-T cells. In vivo studies using gain and loss of SIRT3 expression showed that SIRT3 promotes growth of ATM CRISPR knockout DLBCL xenografts compared to wild-type ATM control xenografts. Importantly, screening of DLBCL patient samples identified SIRT3 as a putative therapeutic target, and validated an inverse relationship between ATM and SIRT3 expression. Our data predicts SIRT3 as an important therapeutic target for DLBCL patients with ATM null phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Bhalla
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Sausan Jaber
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Kayla Reagan
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Arielle Hamburg
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Karen F Underwood
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Aditya Jhajharia
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maninder Singh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Binny Bhandary
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Shambhu Bhat
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Nahid M Nanaji
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ruching Hisa
- Electron Microscopy Core Imaging Facility, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
| | - Carrie McCracken
- Institute of Genome Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Heather Huot Creasy
- Institute of Genome Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Rena G Lapidus
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Tami Kingsbury
- Department of Physiology, The Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brian Polster
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ronald B Gartenhaus
- Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
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22
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Yang S, Hu B, Wang Z, Zhang C, Jiao H, Mao Z, Wei L, Jia J, Zhao J. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist ACEA alleviates brain ischemia/reperfusion injury via CB1-Drp1 pathway. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:102. [PMID: 33083022 PMCID: PMC7548964 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00338-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor induces neuroprotection against brain ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI); however, the mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we used oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced injury in neuronal cells and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced brain IRI in rats to mimic ischemic brain injury, and hypothesized that the CB1 receptor agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide (ACEA) would protect ischemic neurons by inhibiting mitochondrial fission via dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). We found that OGD/R injury reduced cell viability and mitochondrial function, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and increased cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial fission. Notably, ACEA significantly abolished the OGD/R-induced neuronal injuries described above. Similarly, ACEA significantly reversed MCAO-induced increases in brain infarct volume, neuronal apoptosis and mitochondrial fission, leading to the recovery of neurological functions. The neuroprotective effects of ACEA were obviously blocked by coadministration of the CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 or by the upregulation of Drp1 expression, indicating that ACEA alleviates brain IRI via the CB1-Drp1 pathway. Our findings suggest that the CB1 receptor links aberrant mitochondrial fission to brain IRI, providing a new therapeutic target for brain IRI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongming Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haosen Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liguang Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Qinzhou City, Qinzhou, China
| | - Ji Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingling Zhao
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Methamphetamine-Mediated Mitochondrial Damage and Neuronal Degeneration in Human Neurons. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.00924-20. [PMID: 32796068 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00924-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine, a potent psychostimulant, is a highly addictive drug commonly used by persons living with HIV (PLWH), and its use can result in cognitive impairment and memory deficits long after its use is discontinued. Although the mechanism(s) involved with persistent neurological deficits is not fully known, mitochondrial dysfunction is a key component in methamphetamine neuropathology. Specific mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) and mitochondrial fusion and fission are protective quality control mechanisms that can be dysregulated in HIV infection, and the use of methamphetamine can further negatively affect these protective cellular mechanisms. Here, we observed that treatment of human primary neurons (HPNs) with methamphetamine and HIV gp120 and Tat increase dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1)-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation and neuronal degeneration. Methamphetamine and HIV proteins increased microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta-II (LC3B-II) lipidation and induced sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1, p62) translocation to damaged mitochondria. Additionally, the combination inhibited autophagic flux, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial damage, and reduced microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) dendrites in human neurons. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), a strong antioxidant and ROS scavenger, abrogated DRP1-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation and neurite degeneration. Thus, we show that methamphetamine combined with HIV proteins inhibits mitophagy and induces neuronal damage, and NAC reverses these deleterious effects on mitochondrial function.IMPORTANCE Human and animal studies show that HIV infection, combined with the long-term use of psychostimulants, increases neuronal stress and the occurrence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). On the cellular level, mitochondrial function is critical for neuronal health. In this study, we show that in human primary neurons, the combination of HIV proteins and methamphetamine increases oxidative stress, DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation, and neuronal injury manifested by a reduction in neuronal network and connectivity. The use of NAC, a potent antioxidant, reversed the neurotoxic effects of HIV and methamphetamine, suggesting a novel approach to ameliorate the effects of HIV- and methamphetamine-associated cognitive deficits.
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24
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Fowler PC, Byrne DJ, Blackstone C, O’Sullivan NC. Loss of the Mitochondrial Fission GTPase Drp1 Contributes to Neurodegeneration in a Drosophila Model of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10090646. [PMID: 32957716 PMCID: PMC7564485 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10090646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial morphology, distribution and function are maintained by the opposing forces of mitochondrial fission and fusion, the perturbation of which gives rise to several neurodegenerative disorders. The large guanosine triphosphate (GTP)ase dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is a critical regulator of mitochondrial fission by mediating membrane scission, often at points of mitochondrial constriction at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial contacts. Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) subtype SPG61 is a rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the ER-shaping protein Arl6IP1. We have previously reported defects in both the ER and mitochondrial networks in a Drosophila model of SPG61. In this study, we report that knockdown of Arl6IP1 lowers Drp1 protein levels, resulting in reduced ER–mitochondrial contacts and impaired mitochondrial load at the distal ends of long motor neurons. Increasing mitochondrial fission, by overexpression of wild-type Drp1 but not a dominant negative Drp1, increases ER–mitochondrial contacts, restores mitochondrial load within axons and partially rescues locomotor deficits. Arl6IP1 knockdown Drosophila also demonstrate impaired autophagic flux and an accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, which occur independent of Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission defects. Together, these findings provide evidence that impaired mitochondrial fission contributes to neurodegeneration in this in vivo model of HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa C. Fowler
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (P.C.F.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Dwayne J. Byrne
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (P.C.F.); (D.J.B.)
- Cell Biology Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Craig Blackstone
- Cell Biology Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Niamh C. O’Sullivan
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (P.C.F.); (D.J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-1-7166762
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25
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Jiang B, Yang W, Chen L, Wang S, Chen S, Bao Y, Chen Q, Wang Q, Asakawa T. In vitro effects of Pueraria extract on ethanol-exposed microglia and neurons. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110163. [PMID: 32380388 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Predominant health impacts from alcoholism are chronic neurologic deficits and hepatic dysfunction. Pueraria extract (PE) is a solution obtained from the dried root of Pueraria lobate and can reverse alcohol-induced hepatic damage. The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of PE on ethanol-induced injury in microglia and neurons. To confirm the reliability of the experimental approach, an in vivo demonstration of PE activity was used to verify its impact on hepatic damage in mice exposed to ethanol (ETOH). Subsequently, an in vitro assay was used to verify the effects of PE on ETOH-exposed microglia and neurons.PE reversed fibrosis and hyperplasia, adipocyte infiltration, hepatomegaly, hepatic function, lipid metabolism, indicators of oxidative stress, and morphological changes in hepatic cells, induced by ETOH exposure. The reliability of the experimental approach was thus confirmed. PE also reversed the activation of microglia and inflammatory-related cytokines and proteins induced by ETOH exposure. PE showed protective effects on neurons via inhibition of mitochondrial fission. in vivo and in vitro evidence indicated that PE might be useful in the treatment of both hepatic injury and neurologic deficits commonly observed in chronic alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, China.
| | - Wenhui Yang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Radiology department, the Affiliated Third hospital of Xiamen, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Shushen Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, China
| | - Shujun Chen
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, China
| | - Yongming Bao
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, China
| | - Qiliang Chen
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Hangzhou Changgentang Clinic of TCM, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Tetsuya Asakawa
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Handayama, Hamamatsu-city, Shizuoka, Japan.
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26
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Coazzoli M, Napoli A, Roux-Biejat P, De Palma C, Moscheni C, Catalani E, Zecchini S, Conte V, Giovarelli M, Caccia S, Procacci P, Cervia D, Clementi E, Perrotta C. Acid Sphingomyelinase Downregulation Enhances Mitochondrial Fusion and Promotes Oxidative Metabolism in a Mouse Model of Melanoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040848. [PMID: 32244541 PMCID: PMC7226741 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most severe type of skin cancer. Its unique and heterogeneous metabolism, relying on both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, allows it to adapt to disparate conditions. Mitochondrial function is strictly interconnected with mitochondrial dynamics and both are fundamental in tumour progression and metastasis. The malignant phenotype of melanoma is also regulated by the expression levels of the enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (A-SMase). By modulating at transcriptional level A-SMase in the melanoma cell line B16-F1 cells, we assessed the effect of enzyme downregulation on mitochondrial dynamics and function. Our results demonstrate that A-SMase influences mitochondrial morphology by affecting the expression of mitofusin 1 and OPA1. The enhanced expression of the two mitochondrial fusion proteins, observed when A-SMase is expressed at low levels, correlates with the increase of mitochondrial function via the stimulation of the genes PGC-1alpha and TFAM, two genes that preside over mitochondrial biogenesis. Thus, the reduction of A-SMase expression, observed in malignant melanomas, may determine their metastatic behaviour through the stimulation of mitochondrial fusion, activity and biogenesis, conferring a metabolic advantage to melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Coazzoli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco” (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.N.); (P.R.-B.); (C.M.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Alessandra Napoli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco” (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.N.); (P.R.-B.); (C.M.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”-ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Paulina Roux-Biejat
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco” (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.N.); (P.R.-B.); (C.M.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Clara De Palma
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milano, Italy;
| | - Claudia Moscheni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco” (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.N.); (P.R.-B.); (C.M.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Catalani
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (E.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Silvia Zecchini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco” (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.N.); (P.R.-B.); (C.M.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Conte
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (SCIBIS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (V.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Matteo Giovarelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco” (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.N.); (P.R.-B.); (C.M.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Sonia Caccia
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco” (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.N.); (P.R.-B.); (C.M.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Patrizia Procacci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (SCIBIS), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy; (V.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Davide Cervia
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (E.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Emilio Clementi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco” (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.N.); (P.R.-B.); (C.M.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
- Scientific Institute IRCCS “Eugenio Medea”, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristiana Perrotta
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco” (DIBIC), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.N.); (P.R.-B.); (C.M.); (S.Z.); (M.G.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (E.C.); (C.P.)
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27
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Drp1 overexpression induces desmin disassembling and drives kinesin-1 activation promoting mitochondrial trafficking in skeletal muscle. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:2383-2401. [PMID: 32042098 PMCID: PMC7370230 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0510-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria change distribution across cells following a variety of pathophysiological stimuli. The mechanisms presiding over this redistribution are yet undefined. In a murine model overexpressing Drp1 specifically in skeletal muscle, we find marked mitochondria repositioning in muscle fibres and we demonstrate that Drp1 is involved in this process. Drp1 binds KLC1 and enhances microtubule-dependent transport of mitochondria. Drp1-KLC1 coupling triggers the displacement of KIF5B from kinesin-1 complex increasing its binding to microtubule tracks and mitochondrial transport. High levels of Drp1 exacerbate this mechanism leading to the repositioning of mitochondria closer to nuclei. The reduction of Drp1 levels decreases kinesin-1 activation and induces the partial recovery of mitochondrial distribution. Drp1 overexpression is also associated with higher cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (Cdk-1) activation that promotes the persistent phosphorylation of desmin at Ser-31 and its disassembling. Fission inhibition has a positive effect on desmin Ser-31 phosphorylation, regardless of Cdk-1 activation, suggesting that induction of both fission and Cdk-1 are required for desmin collapse. This altered desmin architecture impairs mechanotransduction and compromises mitochondrial network stability priming mitochondria transport through microtubule-dependent trafficking with a mechanism that involves the Drp1-dependent regulation of kinesin-1 complex.
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28
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Recent Insights into the Mitochondrial Role in Autophagy and Its Regulation by Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3809308. [PMID: 31781334 PMCID: PMC6875203 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3809308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-digestive process that degrades intracellular components, including damaged organelles, to maintain energy homeostasis and to cope with cellular stress. Autophagy plays a key role during development and adult tissue homeostasis, and growing evidence indicates that this catalytic process also has a direct role in modulating aging. Although autophagy is essentially protective, depending on the cellular context and stimuli, autophagy outcome can lead to either abnormal cell growth or cell death. The autophagic process requires a tight regulation, with cellular events following distinct stages and governed by a wide molecular machinery. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been involved in autophagy regulation through multiple signaling pathways, and mitochondria, the main source of endogenous ROS, have emerged as essential signal transducers that mediate autophagy. In the present review, we aim to summarize the regulatory function of mitochondria in the autophagic process, particularly regarding the mitochondrial role as the coordination node in the autophagy signaling pathway, involving mitochondrial oxidative stress, and their participation as membrane donors in the initial steps of autophagosome assembly.
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29
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XIAP as a Target of New Small Organic Natural Molecules Inducing Human Cancer Cell Death. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091336. [PMID: 31505859 PMCID: PMC6770071 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is an emerging crucial therapeutic target in cancer. We report on the discovery and characterisation of small organic molecules from Piper genus plants exhibiting XIAP antagonism, namely erioquinol, a quinol substituted in the 4-position with an alkenyl group and the alkenylphenols eriopodols A–C. Another isolated compound was originally identified as gibbilimbol B. Erioquinol was the most potent inhibitor of human cancer cell viability when compared with gibbilimbol B and eriopodol A was listed as intermediate. Gibbilimbol B and eriopodol A induced apoptosis through mitochondrial permeabilisation and caspase activation while erioquinol acted on cell fate via caspase-independent/non-apoptotic mechanisms, likely involving mitochondrial dysfunctions and aberrant generation of reactive oxygen species. In silico modelling and molecular approaches suggested that all molecules inhibit XIAP by binding to XIAP-baculoviral IAP repeat domain. This demonstrates a novel aspect of XIAP as a key determinant of tumour control, at the molecular crossroad of caspase-dependent/independent cell death pathway and indicates molecular aspects to develop tumour-effective XIAP antagonists.
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30
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Moscheni C, Malucelli E, Castiglioni S, Procopio A, De Palma C, Sorrentino A, Sartori P, Locatelli L, Pereiro E, Maier JA, Iotti S. 3D Quantitative and Ultrastructural Analysis of Mitochondria in a Model of Doxorubicin Sensitive and Resistant Human Colon Carcinoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091254. [PMID: 31461915 PMCID: PMC6769783 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance remains a major obstacle in cancer treatment. Because mitochondria mediate metabolic reprogramming in cancer drug resistance, we focused on these organelles in doxorubicin sensitive and resistant colon carcinoma cells. We employed soft X-ray cryo nano-tomography to map three-dimensionally these cells at nanometer-resolution and investigate the correlation between mitochondrial morphology and drug resistance phenotype. We have identified significant structural differences in the morphology of mitochondria in the two strains of cancer cells, as well as lower amounts of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in resistant than in sensitive cells. We speculate that these features could elicit an impaired mitochondrial communication in resistant cells, thus preventing the formation of the interconnected mitochondrial network as clearly detected in the sensitive cells. In fact, the qualitative and quantitative three-dimensional assessment of the mitochondrial morphology highlights a different structural organization in resistant cells, which reflects a metabolic cellular adaptation functional to survive to the offense exerted by the antineoplastic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Moscheni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Emil Malucelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Procopio
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Clara De Palma
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Sorrentino
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Patrizia Sartori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Locatelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Eva Pereiro
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Jeanette A Maier
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Iotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Roma, Italy
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