1
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Sakelaris B, Riecke H. Adult Neurogenesis Reconciles Flexibility and Stability of Olfactory Perceptual Memory. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.03.583153. [PMID: 38737721 PMCID: PMC11087939 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.03.583153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
In brain regions featuring ongoing plasticity, the task of quickly encoding new information without overwriting old memories presents a significant challenge. In the rodent olfactory bulb, which is renowned for substantial structural plasticity driven by adult neurogenesis and persistent turnover of dendritic spines, we show that such plasticity is vital to overcoming this flexibility-stability dilemma. To do so, we develop a computational model for structural plasticity in the olfactory bulb and show that the maturation of adult-born neurons facilitates the abilities to learn quickly and forget slowly. Particularly important to achieve this goal are the transient enhancement of the plasticity, excitability, and susceptibility to apoptosis that characterizes young neurons. The model captures many experimental observations and makes a number of testable predictions. Overall, it identifies memory consolidation as an important role of adult neurogenesis in olfaction and exemplifies how the brain can maintain stable memories despite ongoing extensive plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bennet Sakelaris
- Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Hermann Riecke
- Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
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2
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Gaeta G, Wilson DA. Reciprocal relationships between sleep and smell. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:1076354. [PMID: 36619661 PMCID: PMC9813672 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.1076354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite major anatomical differences with other mammalian sensory systems, olfaction shares with those systems a modulation by sleep/wake states. Sleep modulates odor sensitivity and serves as an important regulator of both perceptual and associative odor memory. In addition, however, olfaction also has an important modulatory impact on sleep. Odors can affect the latency to sleep onset, as well as the quality and duration of sleep. Olfactory modulation of sleep may be mediated by direct synaptic interaction between the olfactory system and sleep control nuclei, and/or indirectly through odor modulation of arousal and respiration. This reciprocal interaction between sleep and olfaction presents novel opportunities for sleep related modulation of memory and perception, as well as development of non-pharmacological olfactory treatments of simple sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Gaeta
- Givaudan UK Limited, Health and Well-Being Centre of Excellence, Ashford, United Kingdom,Giuliano Gaeta,
| | - Donald A. Wilson
- Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Donald A. Wilson,
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3
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Libbrecht S, Van den Haute C, Welkenhuysen M, Braeken D, Haesler S, Baekelandt V. Chronic chemogenetic stimulation of the anterior olfactory nucleus reduces newborn neuron survival in the adult mouse olfactory bulb. J Neurochem 2021; 158:1186-1198. [PMID: 34338310 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
During adult rodent life, newborn neurons are added to the olfactory bulb (OB) in a tightly controlled manner. Upon arrival in the OB, input synapses from the local bulbar network and the higher olfactory cortex precede the formation of functional output synapses, indicating a possible role for these regions in newborn neuron survival. An interplay between the environment and the piriform cortex in the regulation of newborn neuron survival has been suggested. However, the specific network and the neuronal cell types responsible for this effect have not been elucidated. Furthermore, the role of the other olfactory cortical areas in this process is not known. Here we demonstrate that pyramidal neurons in the mouse anterior olfactory nucleus, the first cortical area for odor processing, have a key role in the survival of newborn neurons. Using DREADD (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs) technology, we applied chronic stimulation to the anterior olfactory nucleus and observed a decrease in newborn neurons in the OB through induction of apoptosis. These findings provide further insight into the network regulating neuronal survival in adult neurogenesis and strengthen the importance of the surrounding network for sustained integration of new neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Libbrecht
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Life Science Technologies Department, Imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chris Van den Haute
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Viral Vector Core, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Dries Braeken
- Life Science Technologies Department, Imec, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Haesler
- Research Group Neurophysiology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Neuroelectronics Research Flanders, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Baekelandt
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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4
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Guzmán-Ruiz MA, Jiménez A, Cárdenas-Rivera A, Guerrero-Vargas NN, Organista-Juárez D, Guevara-Guzmán R. Regulation of Metabolic Health by an "Olfactory-Hypothalamic Axis" and Its Possible Implications for the Development of Therapeutic Approaches for Obesity and T2D. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:1727-1743. [PMID: 33813677 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The olfactory system is responsible for the reception, integration and interpretation of odors. However, in the last years, it has been discovered that the olfactory perception of food can rapidly modulate the activity of hypothalamic neurons involved in the regulation of energy balance. Conversely, the hormonal signals derived from changes in the metabolic status of the body can also change the sensitivity of the olfactory system, suggesting that the bidirectional relationship established between the olfactory and the hypothalamic systems is key for the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. In the first part of this review, we describe the possible mechanisms and anatomical pathways involved in the modulation of energy balance regulated by the olfactory system. Hence, we propose a model to explain its implication in the maintenance of the metabolic homeostasis of the organism. In the second part, we discuss how the olfactory system could be involved in the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type two diabetes and, finally, we propose the use of intranasal therapies aimed to regulate and improve the activity of the olfactory system that in turn will be able to control the neuronal activity of hypothalamic centers to prevent or ameliorate metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Alaide Guzmán-Ruiz
- Laboratorio Sensorial, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Edificio A, 4º piso, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Adriana Jiménez
- Laboratorio Sensorial, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Edificio A, 4º piso, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alfredo Cárdenas-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Bioingeniería, Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Lima, Perú
| | - Natalí N Guerrero-Vargas
- Departamento de Anatomía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Diana Organista-Juárez
- Laboratorio Sensorial, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Edificio A, 4º piso, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán
- Laboratorio Sensorial, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Edificio A, 4º piso, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
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5
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Keller LA, Merkel O, Popp A. Intranasal drug delivery: opportunities and toxicologic challenges during drug development. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:735-757. [PMID: 33491126 PMCID: PMC7829061 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, the interest in intranasal drug delivery in pharmaceutical R&D has increased. This review article summarises information on intranasal administration for local and systemic delivery, as well as for CNS indications. Nasal delivery offers many advantages over standard systemic delivery systems, such as its non-invasive character, a fast onset of action and in many cases reduced side effects due to a more targeted delivery. There are still formulation limitations and toxicological aspects to be optimised. Intranasal drug delivery in the field of drug development is an interesting delivery route for the treatment of neurological disorders. Systemic approaches often fail to efficiently supply the CNS with drugs. This review paper describes the anatomical, histological and physiological basis and summarises currently approved drugs for administration via intranasal delivery. Further, the review focuses on toxicological considerations of intranasally applied compounds and discusses formulation aspects that need to be considered for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea-Adriana Keller
- Preclinical Safety, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstrasse, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Olivia Merkel
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Popp
- Preclinical Safety, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstrasse, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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6
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Incorporation of fragmented visuo-olfactory episodic memory into dreams and its association with memory performance. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15687. [PMID: 31666536 PMCID: PMC6821835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The question of a possible link between dream content and memory consolidation remains open. After a comprehensive review of the literature, we present novel findings from an experiment testing whether the incorporation of recently learned stimuli into dream reports is associated with improved post-sleep memory performance. Thirty-two high dream recallers freely explored new visuo-olfactory episodes for 3 consecutive days. During the nights following each non-explicit encoding, participants wore a wrist actimeter, and woke up at 5am and their usual waking time to record their dreams (intensity of all oneiric sensory perception was assessed using scales). A total of 120 dreams were reported and elements related to the encoding phase were identified in 37 of them, either learning-related (mainly visual- and rarely olfactory-related elements), or experiment-related (lab- or experimenters-related elements). On the 4th day, we found that participants with learning-related (n = 16) and participants with learning-related and/or experiment-related dreams (n = 21) had similar odor recognition and odor-evoked episodic memory with the other participants. However, they had significantly better visuo-spatial memory of the episodes in comparison to the other participants. Our results support the hypothesis that the learning phase is loosely incorporated into dreams and that this incorporation is associated with sleep related memory consolidation.
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7
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Running-Activated Neural Stem Cells Enhance Subventricular Neurogenesis and Improve Olfactory Behavior in p21 Knockout Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:7534-7556. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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8
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Olfactory bulb atrophy and caspase activation observed in the BACHD rat models of Huntington disease. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 125:219-231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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9
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Yamaguchi M. The role of sleep in the plasticity of the olfactory system. Neurosci Res 2017; 118:21-29. [PMID: 28501498 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The central olfactory system mediates a variety of odor-guided behaviors crucial for maintenance of animal life. The olfactory neural circuit must be highly plastic to ensure that it responds appropriately to changing odor circumstances. Recent studies have revealed that the processing of odor information changes drastically during waking and sleep and that neural activity during sleep plays pivotal roles in the structural reorganization and functional plasticity of the olfactory system. While olfactory information from the external world is efficiently transferred to the olfactory cortex (OC) via the olfactory bulb (OB) during waking, this information flow is attenuated during slow-wave sleep: during slow-wave sleep, the OC neurons exhibit synchronous discharges without odor input under the entrainment of sharp waves in the local field potential recording. Top-down transfer of sharp-wave activity to the OB during slow-wave sleep promotes structural reorganization of the OB neural circuit. Further, the activity of the OC during sleep is affected by the olfactory experience during prior waking period, and perturbation of the sleep activity disrupts proper olfactory memory. Thus, as is seen also in the hippocampus and neocortex, the neural activities of the olfactory system during sleep likely play essential roles in circuit reorganization and memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Okocho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan.
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10
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Fröhlich F, Basta D, Strübing I, Ernst A, Gröschel M. Time course of cell death due to acoustic overstimulation in the mouse medial geniculate body and primary auditory cortex. Noise Health 2017; 19:133-139. [PMID: 28615543 PMCID: PMC5501023 DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_10_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been shown that acoustic overstimulation induces cell death and extensive cell loss in key structures of the central auditory pathway. A correlation between noise-induced apoptosis and cell loss was hypothesized for the cochlear nucleus and colliculus inferior. To determine the role of cell death in noise-induced cell loss in thalamic and cortical structures, the present mouse study (NMRI strain) describes the time course following noise exposure of cell death mechanisms for the ventral medial geniculate body (vMGB), medial MGB (mMGB), and dorsal MGB (dMGB) and the six histological layers of the primary auditory cortex (AI 1-6). Therefore, a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dioxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assay (TUNEL) was performed in these structures 24 h, 7 days, and 14 days after noise exposure (3 h, 115 dB sound pressure level, 5-20 kHz), as well as in unexposed controls. In the dMGB, TUNEL was statistically significant elevated 24 h postexposure. AI-1 showed a decrease in TUNEL after 14 days. There was no statistically significant difference between groups for the other brain areas investigated. dMGB's widespread connection within the central auditory pathway and its nontonotopical organization might explain its prominent increase in TUNEL compared to the other MGB subdivisions and the AI. It is assumed that the onset and peak of noise-induced cell death is delayed in higher areas of the central auditory pathway and takes place between 24 h and 7 days postexposure in thalamic and cortical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Fröhlich
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Basta
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ira Strübing
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Ernst
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Gröschel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Yamaguchi M. Functional Sub-Circuits of the Olfactory System Viewed from the Olfactory Bulb and the Olfactory Tubercle. Front Neuroanat 2017; 11:33. [PMID: 28443001 PMCID: PMC5387040 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of the olfactory neural circuits has progressed beyond analysis of how odor information from the external environment is processed in the brain. While spatially-organized sub-circuits were found to exist up to the olfactory bulb (OB), the arrangement in the olfactory cortex (OC), especially in its representative piriform cortex (PC), appears diffuse and dispersed. An emerging view is that the activity of OC neurons may not simply encode odor identity but rather encode plastic odor information such as odor value. Although many studies support this notion, odor value can be either positive or negative, and the existence of sub-circuits corresponding to individual value types is not well explored. To address this question, I introduce here two olfactory areas other than the PC, OB and olfactory tubercle (OT) whose analysis may facilitate understanding of functional sub-circuits related to different odor values. Peripheral and centrifugal inputs to the OB are considered to relate to odor identity and odor value, respectively and centrifugal inputs to the OB potentially represent different odor values during different behavioral periods. The OT has spatially-segregated functional domains related to distinct motivated and hedonic behaviors. Thus, the OT provides a good starting point from which functional sub-circuits across various olfactory regions can be traced. Further analysis across wide areas of the olfactory system will likely reveal the functional sub-circuits that link odor identity with distinct odor values and direct distinct odor-induced motivated and hedonic behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi UniversityKochi, Japan
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12
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Ravi N, Sanchez-Guardado L, Lois C, Kelsch W. Determination of the connectivity of newborn neurons in mammalian olfactory circuits. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:849-867. [PMID: 27695873 PMCID: PMC11107630 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2367-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian olfactory bulb is a forebrain structure just one synapse downstream from the olfactory sensory neurons and performs the complex computations of sensory inputs. The formation of this sensory circuit is shaped through activity-dependent and cell-intrinsic mechanisms. Recent studies have revealed that cell-type specific connectivity and the organization of synapses in dendritic compartments are determined through cell-intrinsic programs already preset in progenitor cells. These progenitor programs give rise to subpopulations within a neuron type that have distinct synaptic organizations. The intrinsically determined formation of distinct synaptic organizations requires factors from contacting cells that match the cell-intrinsic programs. While certain genes control wiring within the newly generated neurons, other regulatory genes provide intercellular signals and are only expressed in neurons that will form contacts with the newly generated cells. Here, the olfactory system has provided a useful model circuit to reveal the factors regulating assembly of the highly structured connectivity in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namasivayam Ravi
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Luis Sanchez-Guardado
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Carlos Lois
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
| | - Wolfgang Kelsch
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
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13
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Circadian Kinetics of Cell Cycle Progression in Adult Neurogenic Niches of a Diurnal Vertebrate. J Neurosci 2017; 37:1900-1909. [PMID: 28087763 PMCID: PMC5320617 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3222-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian system may regulate adult neurogenesis via intracellular molecular clock mechanisms or by modifying the environment of neurogenic niches, with daily variation in growth factors or nutrients depending on the animal's diurnal or nocturnal lifestyle. In a diurnal vertebrate, zebrafish, we studied circadian distribution of immunohistochemical markers of the cell division cycle (CDC) in 5 of the 16 neurogenic niches of adult brain, the dorsal telencephalon, habenula, preoptic area, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. We find that common to all niches is the morning initiation of G1/S transition and daytime S-phase progression, overnight increase in G2/M, and cycle completion by late night. This is supported by the timing of gene expression for critical cell cycle regulators cyclins D, A2, and B2 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p20 in brain tissue. The early-night peak in p20, limiting G1/S transition, and its phase angle with the expression of core clock genes, Clock1 and Per1, are preserved in constant darkness, suggesting intrinsic circadian patterns of cell cycle progression. The statistical modeling of CDC kinetics reveals the significant circadian variation in cell proliferation rates across all of the examined niches, but interniche differences in the magnitude of circadian variation in CDC, S-phase length, phase angle of entrainment to light or clock, and its dispersion. We conclude that, in neurogenic niches of an adult diurnal vertebrate, the circadian modulation of cell cycle progression involves both systemic and niche-specific factors. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study establishes that in neurogenic niches of an adult diurnal vertebrate, the cell cycle progression displays a robust circadian pattern. Common to neurogenic niches located in diverse brain regions is daytime progression of DNA replication and nighttime mitosis, suggesting systemic regulation. Differences between neurogenic niches in the phase and degree of S-phase entrainment to the clock suggest additional roles for niche-specific regulatory mechanisms. Understanding the circadian regulation of adult neurogenesis can help optimize the timing of therapeutic approaches in patients with brain traumas or neurodegenerative disorders and preserve neural stem cells during cytostatic cancer therapies.
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14
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Oettl LL, Ravi N, Schneider M, Scheller MF, Schneider P, Mitre M, da Silva Gouveia M, Froemke RC, Chao MV, Young WS, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Grinevich V, Shusterman R, Kelsch W. Oxytocin Enhances Social Recognition by Modulating Cortical Control of Early Olfactory Processing. Neuron 2016; 90:609-21. [PMID: 27112498 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin promotes social interactions and recognition of conspecifics that rely on olfaction in most species. The circuit mechanisms through which oxytocin modifies olfactory processing are incompletely understood. Here, we observed that optogenetically induced oxytocin release enhanced olfactory exploration and same-sex recognition of adult rats. Consistent with oxytocin's function in the anterior olfactory cortex, particularly in social cue processing, region-selective receptor deletion impaired social recognition but left odor discrimination and recognition intact outside a social context. Oxytocin transiently increased the drive of the anterior olfactory cortex projecting to olfactory bulb interneurons. Cortical top-down recruitment of interneurons dynamically enhanced the inhibitory input to olfactory bulb projection neurons and increased the signal-to-noise of their output. In summary, oxytocin generates states for optimized information extraction in an early cortical top-down network that is required for social interactions with potential implications for sensory processing deficits in autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars-Lennart Oettl
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Namasivayam Ravi
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Miriam Schneider
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Max F Scheller
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peggy Schneider
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mariela Mitre
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Miriam da Silva Gouveia
- Schaller Research Group on Neuropeptides, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert C Froemke
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Moses V Chao
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - W Scott Young
- Section on Neural Gene Expression, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; Schaller Research Group on Neuropeptides, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roman Shusterman
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Wolfgang Kelsch
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
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15
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Neural stem cells and neuro/gliogenesis in the central nervous system: understanding the structural and functional plasticity of the developing, mature, and diseased brain. J Physiol Sci 2015; 66:197-206. [PMID: 26578509 PMCID: PMC4823343 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-015-0421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neurons and glia in the central nervous system (CNS) originate from neural stem cells (NSCs). Knowledge of the mechanisms of neuro/gliogenesis from NSCs is fundamental to our understanding of how complex brain architecture and function develop. NSCs are present not only in the developing brain but also in the mature brain in adults. Adult neurogenesis likely provides remarkable plasticity to the mature brain. In addition, recent progress in basic research in mental disorders suggests an etiological link with impaired neuro/gliogenesis in particular brain regions. Here, we review the recent progress and discuss future directions in stem cell and neuro/gliogenesis biology by introducing several topics presented at a joint meeting of the Japanese Association of Anatomists and the Physiological Society of Japan in 2015. Collectively, these topics indicated that neuro/gliogenesis from NSCs is a common event occurring in many brain regions at various ages in animals. Given that significant structural and functional changes in cells and neural networks are accompanied by neuro/gliogenesis from NSCs and the integration of newly generated cells into the network, stem cell and neuro/gliogenesis biology provides a good platform from which to develop an integrated understanding of the structural and functional plasticity that underlies the development of the CNS, its remodeling in adulthood, and the recovery from diseases that affect it.
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16
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Rapid induction of granule cell elimination in the olfactory bulb by noxious stimulation in mice. Neurosci Lett 2015; 598:6-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Kawaguchi Y, Kano M. Neural circuits: Japan. Front Neural Circuits 2014; 8:135. [PMID: 25426031 PMCID: PMC4226153 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2014.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Kawaguchi
- Division of Cerebral Circuitry, National Institute for Physiological Sciences Okazaki, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kano
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Soria-Gomez E, Bellocchio L, Marsicano G. New insights on food intake control by olfactory processes: the emerging role of the endocannabinoid system. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 397:59-66. [PMID: 25261796 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The internal state of the organism is an important modulator of perception and behavior. The link between hunger, olfaction and feeding behavior is one of the clearest examples of these connections. At the neurobiological level, olfactory circuits are the targets of several signals (i.e. hormones and nutrients) involved in energy balance. This indicates that olfactory areas are potential sensors of the internal state of the organism. Thus, the aim of this manuscript is to review the literature showing the interplay between metabolic signals in olfactory circuits and its impact on food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Soria-Gomez
- INSERM, U862 NeuroCentre Magendie, Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Luigi Bellocchio
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Sch. of Biology, Complutense Univ. and CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- INSERM, U862 NeuroCentre Magendie, Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation, Bordeaux, France
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19
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Imai T. Construction of functional neuronal circuitry in the olfactory bulb. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 35:180-8. [PMID: 25084319 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies using molecular genetics, electrophysiology, in vivo imaging, and behavioral analyses have elucidated detailed connectivity and function of the mammalian olfactory circuits. The olfactory bulb is the first relay station of olfactory perception in the brain, but it is more than a simple relay: olfactory information is dynamically tuned by local olfactory bulb circuits and converted to spatiotemporal neural code for higher-order information processing. Because the olfactory bulb processes ∼1000 discrete input channels from different odorant receptors, it serves as a good model to study neuronal wiring specificity, from both functional and developmental aspects. This review summarizes our current understanding of the olfactory bulb circuitry from functional standpoint and discusses important future studies with particular focus on its development and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Imai
- Laboratory for Sensory Circuit Formation, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
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20
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Komano-Inoue S, Manabe H, Ota M, Kusumoto-Yoshida I, Yokoyama TK, Mori K, Yamaguchi M. Top-down inputs from the olfactory cortex in the postprandial period promote elimination of granule cells in the olfactory bulb. Eur J Neurosci 2014; 40:2724-33. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Komano-Inoue
- Department of Physiology; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- CREST; Japan Science and Technology Agency; Saitama Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Manabe
- Department of Physiology; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- CREST; Japan Science and Technology Agency; Saitama Japan
| | - Mizuho Ota
- Department of Physiology; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- CREST; Japan Science and Technology Agency; Saitama Japan
| | - Ikue Kusumoto-Yoshida
- Department of Physiology; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- CREST; Japan Science and Technology Agency; Saitama Japan
| | - Takeshi K. Yokoyama
- Department of Physiology; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- CREST; Japan Science and Technology Agency; Saitama Japan
| | - Kensaku Mori
- Department of Physiology; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- CREST; Japan Science and Technology Agency; Saitama Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology; Graduate School of Medicine; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- CREST; Japan Science and Technology Agency; Saitama Japan
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21
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Yamaguchi M, Mori K. Critical periods in adult neurogenesis and possible clinical utilization of new neurons. Front Neurosci 2014; 8:177. [PMID: 25009460 PMCID: PMC4068019 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology AgencySaitama, Japan
- *Correspondence: ;
| | - Kensaku Mori
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology AgencySaitama, Japan
- *Correspondence: ;
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Continuous postnatal neurogenesis contributes to formation of the olfactory bulb neural circuits and flexible olfactory associative learning. J Neurosci 2014; 34:5788-99. [PMID: 24760839 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0674-14.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory bulb (OB) is one of the two major loci in the mammalian brain where newborn neurons are constantly integrated into the neural circuit during postnatal life. Newborn neurons are generated from neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and migrate to the OB through the rostral migratory stream. The majority of these newborn neurons differentiate into inhibitory interneurons, such as granule cells and periglomerular cells. It has been reported that prolonged supply of newborn neurons leads to continuous addition/turnover of the interneuronal populations and contributes to functional integrity of the OB circuit. However, it is not still clear how and to what extent postnatal-born neurons contribute to OB neural circuit formation, and the functional role of postnatal neurogenesis in odor-related behaviors remains elusive. To address this question, here by using genetic strategies, we first determined the unique integration mode of newly born interneurons during postnatal development of the mouse OB. We then manipulated these interneuron populations and found that continuous postnatal neurogenesis in the SVZ-OB plays pivotal roles in flexible olfactory associative learning and memory.
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Sakamoto M, Kageyama R, Imayoshi I. The functional significance of newly born neurons integrated into olfactory bulb circuits. Front Neurosci 2014; 8:121. [PMID: 24904263 PMCID: PMC4033306 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory bulb (OB) is the first central processing center for olfactory information connecting with higher areas in the brain, and this neuronal circuitry mediates a variety of odor-evoked behavioral responses. In the adult mammalian brain, continuous neurogenesis occurs in two restricted regions, the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the hippocampal dentate gyrus. New neurons born in the SVZ migrate through the rostral migratory stream and are integrated into the neuronal circuits of the OB throughout life. The significance of this continuous supply of new neurons in the OB has been implicated in plasticity and memory regulation. Two decades of huge investigation in adult neurogenesis revealed the biological importance of integration of new neurons into the olfactory circuits. In this review, we highlight the recent findings about the physiological functions of newly generated neurons in rodent OB circuits and then discuss the contribution of neurogenesis in the brain function. Finally, we introduce cutting edge technologies to monitor and manipulate the activity of new neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Sakamoto
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; Kyoto University Graduate School of Biostudies Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Kageyama
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; World Premier International Research Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Kyoto, Japan
| | - Itaru Imayoshi
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; World Premier International Research Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; The Hakubi Center, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan ; Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology Kyoto, Japan
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24
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Barnes DC, Wilson DA. Sleep and olfactory cortical plasticity. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:134. [PMID: 24795585 PMCID: PMC4001050 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In many systems, sleep plays a vital role in memory consolidation and synaptic homeostasis. These processes together help store information of biological significance and reset synaptic circuits to facilitate acquisition of information in the future. In this review, we describe recent evidence of sleep-dependent changes in olfactory system structure and function which contribute to odor memory and perception. During slow-wave sleep, the piriform cortex becomes hypo-responsive to odor stimulation and instead displays sharp-wave activity similar to that observed within the hippocampal formation. Furthermore, the functional connectivity between the piriform cortex and other cortical and limbic regions is enhanced during slow-wave sleep compared to waking. This combination of conditions may allow odor memory consolidation to occur during a state of reduced external interference and facilitate association of odor memories with stored hedonic and contextual cues. Evidence consistent with sleep-dependent odor replay within olfactory cortical circuits is presented. These data suggest that both the strength and precision of odor memories is sleep-dependent. The work further emphasizes the critical role of synaptic plasticity and memory in not only odor memory but also basic odor perception. The work also suggests a possible link between sleep disturbances that are frequently co-morbid with a wide range of pathologies including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and depression and the known olfactory impairments associated with those disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan C. Barnes
- Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric ResearchOrangeburg, NY, USA
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Program, City University of New YorkNew York, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, University of OklahomaNorman, OK, USA
| | - Donald A. Wilson
- Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric ResearchOrangeburg, NY, USA
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Program, City University of New YorkNew York, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, University of OklahomaNorman, OK, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone School of MedicineNew York, NY, USA
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