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Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Sun J, Xu S, Wei Y, Ding X, Ding G. The application of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of traumatic brain injury: Mechanisms, results, and problems. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:1109-1131. [PMID: 38353136 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that can be derived from a wide variety of human tissues and organs. They can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes, and thus show great potential in regenerative medicine. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an organic injury to brain tissue with a high rate of disability and death caused by an external impact or concussive force acting directly or indirectly on the head. The current treatment of TBI mainly includes symptomatic, pharmacological, and rehabilitation treatment. Although some efficacy has been achieved, the definitive recovery effect on neural tissue is still limited. Recent studies have shown that MSC therapies are more effective than traditional treatment strategies due to their strong multi-directional differentiation potential, self-renewal capacity, and low immunogenicity and homing properties, thus MSCs are considered to play an important role and are an ideal cell for the treatment of injurious diseases, including TBI. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the role and mechanisms of MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes in the treatment of TBI, thereby providing new insights into the clinical applications of MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes in the treatment of central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zejun Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinmeng Sun
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shuangshuang Xu
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanan Wei
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaoling Ding
- Clinical Competency Training Center, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Gang Ding
- School of Stomatology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China.
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Kumar N, Bidkhori HR, Yawno T, Lim R, Inocencio IM. Therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles derived from human amniotic epithelial cells for perinatal cerebral and pulmonary injury. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:711-723. [PMID: 38895873 PMCID: PMC11328935 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung and brain injury that occurs during the perinatal period leads to lifelong disability and is often driven and/or exacerbated by inflammation. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAEC), which demonstrate immunomodulatory, anti-fibrotic, and regenerative capabilities, are being explored as a therapeutic candidate for perinatal injury. However, limitations regarding scalable manufacturing, storage, transport, and dose-related toxicity have impeded clinical translation. Isolated therapeutic extracellular vesicles (EVs) from stem and stem-like cells are thought to be key paracrine mediators of therapeutic efficacy. The unique characteristics of EVs suggest that they potentially circumvent the limitations of traditional cell-based therapies. However, given the novelty of EVs as a therapeutic, recommendations around ideal methods of production, isolation, storage, and delivery have not yet been created by regulatory agencies. In this concise review, we discuss the pertinence and limitations of cell-based therapeutics in perinatal medicine. We also review the preclinical evidence supporting the use of therapeutic EVs for perinatal therapy. Further, we summarize the arising considerations regarding adequate cell source, biodistribution, isolation and storage methods, and regulatory roadblocks for the development of therapeutic EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- The Ritchie Centre, The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hamid Reza Bidkhori
- The Ritchie Centre, The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tamara Yawno
- The Ritchie Centre, The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- The Ritchie Centre, The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ishmael Miguel Inocencio
- The Ritchie Centre, The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
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Guo Q, Qian ZM. Macrophage based drug delivery: Key challenges and strategies. Bioact Mater 2024; 38:55-72. [PMID: 38699242 PMCID: PMC11061709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
As a natural immune cell and antigen presenting cell, macrophages have been studied and engineered to treat human diseases. Macrophages are well-suited for use as drug carriers because of their biological characteristics, such as excellent biocompatibility, long circulation, intrinsic inflammatory homing and phagocytosis. Meanwhile, macrophages' uniquely high plasticity and easy re-education polarization facilitates their use as part of efficacious therapeutics for the treatment of inflammatory diseases or tumors. Although recent studies have demonstrated promising advances in macrophage-based drug delivery, several challenges currently hinder further improvement of therapeutic effect and clinical application. This article focuses on the main challenges of utilizing macrophage-based drug delivery, from the selection of macrophage sources, drug loading, and maintenance of macrophage phenotypes, to drug migration and release at target sites. In addition, corresponding strategies and insights related to these challenges are described. Finally, we also provide perspective on shortcomings on the road to clinical translation and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Guo
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Qian
- Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qi Xiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Michór P, Renardson L, Li S, Boltze J. Neurorestorative Approaches for Ischemic StrokeChallenges, Opportunities, and Recent Advances. Neuroscience 2024; 550:69-78. [PMID: 38763225 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in acute stroke management, most patients experiencing a stroke will suffer from residual brain damage and functional impairment. Addressing those residual deficits would require neurorestoration, i.e., rebuilding brain tissue to repair the structural brain damage caused by stroke. However, there are major pathobiological, anatomical and technological hurdles making neurorestorative approaches remarkably challenging, and true neurorestoration after larger ischemic lesions could not yet be achieved. On the other hand, there has been steady advancement in our understanding of the limits of tissue regeneration in the adult mammalian brain as well as of the fundamental organization of brain tissue growth during embryo- and ontogenesis. This has been paralleled by the development of novel animal models to study stroke, advancement of biomaterials that can be used to support neurorestoration, and in stem cell technologies. This review gives a detailed explanation of the major hurdles so far preventing the achievement of neurorestoration after stroke. It will also describe novel concepts and advancements in biomaterial science, brain organoid culturing, and animal modeling that may enable the investigation of post-stroke neurorestorative approaches in translationally relevant setups. Finally, there will be a review of recent achievements in experimental studies that have the potential to be the starting point of research and development activities that may eventually bring post-stroke neurorestoration within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Michór
- University of Warwick, School of Life Sciences, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Renardson
- University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Shen Li
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Johannes Boltze
- University of Warwick, School of Life Sciences, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
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Niknam B, Ayenehdeh JM, Hossein-Khannazer N, Vosough M, Tajik N. Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Modulate Inflammatory Response and Improve Allograft Islet Transplant in Mice Model of Type 1 Diabetes. Endocr Res 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38982737 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2024.2377286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease where immune cells attack insulin-producing beta cells. Islet transplantation is a promising treatment for T1DM. This study aims to evaluate the effects of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) in combination with pancreatic islet transplantation using hydrogel. METHODS T1DM mouse model was established using streptozotocin (STZ). Islets and AT-MSCs were co-embedded in a hydrogel and transplanted into diabetic mice. Five groups with six animals in each (control, hydrogel alone, AT-MSCs embedded hydrogel, islet embedded in hydrogel, and islet + AT-MSCs co-imbedded into a hydrogel) were evaluated in terms of blood glucose, insulin levels and serum and lavage cytokine production. RESULTS During 32 days, blood glucose levels decreased from over 400 mg/dl to less than 150 mg/dl in the transplanted mice. Analysis showed increased transformation growth factor beta (TGF-β1) and IL-4 levels, while IL-17 and IFN-γ levels significantly decreased in the MSC-treated groups. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that using AT-MSCs with hydrogel could be a beneficial alternative for enhancing pancreatic islet engraftment and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Niknam
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Mohammadi Ayenehdeh
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Tajik
- Immunology Research Center (IRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kim HW, Wu KLK, Tam KW, Chan YS, Shum DKY. Pericyte derivation and transplantation for blood-CNS barrier reconstitution in CNS disorders. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:147-154. [PMID: 39007089 PMCID: PMC11240299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the blood-central nervous system barrier (BCB) is increasingly recognized as a pathological factor in diseases and trauma of the central nervous system. Despite the neuropathological impact, current treatment modalities do not target the BCB; strategies to reconstitute the impaired BCB have been restricted to nutritional and dietary remedies. As an integral cell type in the neurovascular unit, pericytes are crucial to the development, maintenance, and repair of the BCB. As such, pericytes are well poised as cellular agents for reconstitution of the impaired BCB. Here, we summarize recent revelations regarding the role of BCB disruption in diseases and trauma of the central nervous system and highlight how pericytes are harnessed to provide targeted therapeutic effect in each case. This review will also address how recent advances in pericyte derivation strategies can serve to overcome practical hurdles in the clinical use of pericytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Kim
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kenneth Lap Kei Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kin-Wai Tam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ying-Shing Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daisy Kwok-Yan Shum
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Kwon J, Kim MY, Lee S, Lee J, Yoon HY. Pulmonary passage of canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells through intravenous transplantation in mouse model. J Vet Sci 2024; 25:e36. [PMID: 38834506 PMCID: PMC11156597 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The intravenous administration of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) in veterinary medicine is an attractive treatment option. On the other hand, it can result in severe complications, including pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). OBJECTIVE The present study assessed the occurrence of PTE after the intravenous infusion of canine AdMSCs (cAdMSCs) into experimental animals. METHODS Five-week-old male BALB/c hairless mice were categorized into groups labeled A to G. In the control group (A), fluorescently stained 2 × 106 cAdMSCs were diluted in 200 μL of suspension and injected into the tail vein as a single bolus. The remaining groups included the following: group B with 5 × 106 cells, group C with 3 × 106 cells, group D with 1 × 106 cells, group E with 1 × 106 cells injected twice with a one-day interval, group F with 2 × 106 cells in 100 μL of suspension, and group G with 2 × 106 cells in 300 μL of suspension. RESULTS Group D achieved a 100% survival rate, while none of the subjects in groups B and C survived (p = 0.002). Blood tests revealed a tendency for the D-dimer levels to increase as the cell dose increased (p = 0.006). The platelet count was higher in the low cell concentration groups and lower in the high cell concentration groups (p = 0.028). A histological examination revealed PTE in most deceased subjects (96.30%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE PTE was verified, and various variables were identified as potential contributing factors, including the cell dose, injection frequency, and suspension volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyeon Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Mu-Young Kim
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Soojung Lee
- Department of Companion Animal Health, Yeonsung University, Anyang 14011, Korea
| | - Jeongik Lee
- Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hun-Young Yoon
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- KU Center for Animal Blood Medical Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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Tang Y, Wang Z, Teng H, Ni H, Chen H, Lu J, Chen Z, Wang Z. Safety and efficacy of bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy for ischemic stroke recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:1885-1896. [PMID: 38172413 PMCID: PMC11021295 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-based therapy represents a potential treatment for ischemic stroke (IS). Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the evidence provided by randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for the transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) in patients with IS in any phase after stroke. METHODS We searched several databases for relevant articles up to the 10th of March 2023, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Subgroup analyses were implemented to evaluate the dose and route of BMMNC administration. Statistical data were analyzed by Review Manager version 5.3 software. RESULTS Six RCTs were included in this article, including 177 patients who were treated by the transplantation of BMMNCs and 166 patients who received medical treatment. The three-month National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score indicated a favorable outcome for the BMMNC transplantation group (standardized mean difference (SMD), - 0.34; 95% confidence interval (CI), - 0.57 to - 0.11; P = 0.004). There were no significant differences between the two groups at six months post-transplantation with regards to NIHSS score (SMD 0.00; 95% CI - 0.26 to 0.27; P = 0.97), modified Rankin Scale (risk ratio (RR) 1.10; 95% CI 0.75 to 1.63; P = 0.62), Barthel Index change (SMD 0.68; 95% CI - 0.59 to 1.95; P = 0.29), and infarct volume change (SMD - 0.08; 95% CI - 0.42 to 0.26; P = 0.64). In addition, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of safety outcome (RR 1.24; 95% CI 0.80 to 1.91; P = 0.33). CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis demonstrated that the transplantation of BMMNCs was safe; however, the efficacy of this procedure requires further validation in larger RTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zilan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiying Teng
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hanyu Ni
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huiru Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiaye Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhouqing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Li Y, Chen J, Quan X, Chen Y, Han Y, Chen J, Yang L, Xu Y, Shen X, Wang R, Zhao Y. Extracellular Vesicles Maintain Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity by the Suppression of Caveolin-1/CD147/VEGFR2/MMP Pathway After Ischemic Stroke. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1451-1467. [PMID: 38371456 PMCID: PMC10874237 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s444009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic stroke (IS) causes tragic death and disability worldwide. However, effective therapeutic interventions are finite. After IS, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is disrupted, resulting in deteriorating neurological function. As a novel therapeutic, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown ideal restorative effects on BBB integrity post-stroke; however, the definite mechanisms remain ambiguous. In the present study, we investigated the curative effects and the mechanisms of EVs derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and brain endothelial cells (BMSC-EVs and BEC-EVs) on BBB integrity after acute IS. Methods EVs were isolated from BMSCs and BECs, and we investigated the therapeutic effect in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) insulted BECs model and in vivo rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) model. The cell monolayer leakage, tight junction expression, and metalloproteinase (MMP) activity were evaluated, and rat brain infarct volume and neurological function were also analyzed. Results The administration of two kinds of EVs not only enhanced ZO-1 and Occludin expressions but also reduced the permeability and the activity of MMP-2/9 in OGD-insulted BECs. The amelioration of the cerebral infarction, BBB leakage, neurological function deficits, and the increasing ZO-1 and Occludin levels, as well as MMP activity inhibition was observed in MCAo rats. Additionally, the increased levels of Caveolin-1, CD147, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in isolated brain microvessels were downregulated after EVs treatment. In vitro, the employment of Caveolin-1 and CD147 siRNA partly suppressed the expressions of VEGFR2, VEGFA and MMP-2/9 activity and reduced the leakage of OGD insulted BECs and enhanced ZO-1 and Occludin expressions. Conclusion Our study firstly demonstrates that BEC and BMSC-EVs administrations maintain BBB integrity via the suppression of Caveolin-1/CD147/VEGFR2/MMP pathway after IS, and the efficacy of BMSC-EVs is superior to that of BEC-EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Li
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingping Quan
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Han
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfen Chen
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Diseases, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruibing Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, People’s Republic of China
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Qi L, Wang F, Sun X, Li H, Zhang K, Li J. Recent advances in tissue repair of the blood-brain barrier after stroke. J Tissue Eng 2024; 15:20417314241226551. [PMID: 38304736 PMCID: PMC10832427 DOI: 10.1177/20417314241226551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The selective permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) enables the necessary exchange of substances between the brain parenchyma and circulating blood and is important for the normal functioning of the central nervous system. Ischemic stroke inflicts damage upon the BBB, triggering adverse stroke outcomes such as cerebral edema, hemorrhagic transformation, and aggravated neuroinflammation. Therefore, effective repair of the damaged BBB after stroke and neovascularization that allows for the unique selective transfer of substances from the BBB after stroke is necessary and important for the recovery of brain function. This review focuses on four important therapies that have effects of BBB tissue repair after stroke in the last seven years. Most of these new therapies show increased expression of BBB tight-junction proteins, and some show beneficial results in terms of enhanced pericyte coverage at the injured vessels. This review also briefly outlines three effective classes of approaches and their mechanisms for promoting neoangiogenesis following a stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujie Qi
- School of Material Science and Engineering & Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy & Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering & Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy & Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Sun
- School of Material Science and Engineering & Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy & Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Hang Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering & Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy & Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Jingan Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering & Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Magnesium Alloy & Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
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Scrutton AM, Ollis F, Boltze J. Mononuclear cell therapy of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in preclinical versus clinical studies: a systematic analysis of therapeutic efficacy and study design. NEUROPROTECTION 2023; 1:143-159. [PMID: 38213793 PMCID: PMC7615506 DOI: 10.1002/nep3.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Background Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a devastating condition affecting around 8.5 in 1000 newborns globally. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) can reduce mortality and, to a limited extent, disability after HIE. Nevertheless, there is a need for new and effective treatment strategies. Cell based treatments using mononuclear cells (MNC), which can be sourced from umbilical cord blood, are currently being investigated. Despite promising preclinical results, there is currently no strong indicator for clinical efficacy of the approach. This analysis aimed to provide potential explanations for this discrepancy. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Preclinical and clinical studies were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and clinicaltrials.gov using a predefined search strategy. A total of 17 preclinical and 7 clinical studies were included. We analyzed overall MNC efficacy in preclinical trials, the methodological quality of preclinical trials and relevant design features in preclinical versus clinical trials. Results There was evidence for MNC therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models of HIE. The methodological quality of preclinical studies was not optimal, and statistical design quality was particularly poor. However, methodological quality was above the standard in other fields. There were significant differences in preclinical versus clinical study design including the use of TH as a baseline treatment (only in clinical studies) and much higher MNC doses being applied in preclinical studies. Conclusions Based on the analyzed data, it is unlikely that therapeutic effect size is massively overestimated in preclinical studies. It is more plausible that the many design differences between preclinical and clinical trials are responsible for the so far lacking proof of efficacy of MNC treatments in HIE. Additional preclinical and clinical research is required to optimize the application of MNC for experimental HIE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Scrutton
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Ollis
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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12
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Cherkashova E, Namestnikova D, Leonov G, Gubskiy I, Sukhinich K, Melnikov P, Chekhonin V, Yarygin K, Goldshtein D, Salikhova D. Comparative study of the efficacy of intra-arterial and intravenous transplantation of human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural progenitor cells in experimental stroke. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16358. [PMID: 38025691 PMCID: PMC10640846 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cell therapy using neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is a promising approach for ischemic stroke treatment according to the results of multiple preclinical studies in animal stroke models. In the vast majority of conducted animal studies, the therapeutic efficacy of NPCs was estimated after intracerebral transplantation, while the information of the effectiveness of systemic administration is limited. Nowadays, several clinical trials aimed to estimate the safety and efficacy of NPCs transplantation in stroke patients were also conducted. In these studies, NPCs were transplanted intracerebrally in the subacute/chronic phase of stroke. The results of clinical trials confirmed the safety of the approach, however, the degree of functional improvement (the primary efficacy endpoint) was not sufficient in the majority of the studies. Therefore, more studies are needed in order to investigate the optimal transplantation parameters, especially the timing of cell transplantation after the stroke onset. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of intra-arterial (IA) and intravenous (IV) administration of NPCs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iNPCs) in the acute phase of experimental stroke in rats. Induced pluripotent stem cells were chosen as the source of NPCs as this technology is perspective, has no ethical concerns and provides the access to personalized medicine. Methods Human iNPCs were transplanted IA or IV into male Wistar rats 24 h after the middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke modeling. Therapeutic efficacy was monitored for 14 days and evaluated in comparison with the cell transplantation-free control group. Additionally, cell distribution in the brain was assessed. Results The obtained results show that both routes of systemic transplantation (IV and IA) significantly reduced the mortality and improved the neurological deficit of experimental animals compared to the control group. At the same time, according to the MRI data, only IA administration led to faster and prominent reduction of the stroke volume. After IA administration, iNPCs transiently trapped in the brain and were not detected on day 7 after the transplantation. In case of IV injection, transplanted cells were not visualized in the brain. The obtained data demonstrated that the systemic transplantation of human iNPCs in the acute phase of ischemic stroke can be a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Cherkashova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Daria Namestnikova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Georgiy Leonov
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya Gubskiy
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill Sukhinich
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel Melnikov
- Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin Yarygin
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Diana Salikhova
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Medical Institute, RUDN University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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13
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Pan W, Gu L, Yang H, Xu C, Yang Z, Lu Q, Shi Y, Zhang L, Shao J, Chen Y, Pan X, Wu F, Pan R, Liang J, Zhang L. Repeat-dose toxicity study of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in cynomolgus monkeys by intravenous and subcutaneous injection. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1273723. [PMID: 38020919 PMCID: PMC10630163 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1273723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) are proposed for the treatment of acute lung injury and atopic dermatitis. To advance hUC-MSC entry into clinical trials, the effects of hUC-MSCs on the general toxicity, immune perturbation and toxicokinetic study of hUC-MSCs in cynomolgus monkeys were assessed. hUC-MSCs were administered to cynomolgus monkeys by intravenous infusion of 3.0 × 106 or 3.0 × 107cells/kg or by subcutaneous injection of 3.0 × 107cells/kg twice a week for 3 weeks followed by withdrawal and observation for 6 weeks. Toxicity was assessed by clinical observation, clinical pathology, ophthalmology, immunotoxicology and histopathology. Moreover, toxicokinetic study was performed using a validated qPCR method after the first and last dose. After 3rd or 4th dosing, one or three the monkeys in the intravenous high-dose group exhibited transient coma, which was eliminated by slow-speed infusion after 5th or 6th dosing. In all dose groups, hUC-MSCs significantly increased NEUT levels and decreased LYMPH and CD3+ levels, which are related to the immunosuppressive effect of hUC-MSCs. Subcutaneous nodules and granulomatous foci were found at the site of administration in all monkeys in the subcutaneous injection group. Other than above abnormalities, no obvious systemic toxicity was observed in any group. The hUC-MSCs was detectable in blood only within 1 h after intravenous and subcutaneous administration. The present study declared the preliminary safety of hUC-MSCs, but close monitoring of hUC-MSCs for adverse effects, such as coma induced by intravenous infusion, is warranted in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqiang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongzhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qijiong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinjin Shao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Pan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Cell‐Based Drug and Applied Technology Development, S-Evans Biosciences Co, Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Cell‐Based Drug and Applied Technology Development, S-Evans Biosciences Co, Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruolang Pan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Cell‐Based Drug and Applied Technology Development, S-Evans Biosciences Co, Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Liang
- Zhejiang Center for Drugs and Cosmetics Evaluation, Zhejiang Province Food and Drug Administration, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang Province, Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Novel Vaccine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Ueda K, Sato Y, Shimizu S, Suzuki T, Onoda A, Miura R, Go S, Mimatsu H, Kitase Y, Yamashita Y, Irie K, Tsuji M, Mishima K, Mizuno M, Takahashi Y, Dezawa M, Hayakawa M. Systemic administration of clinical-grade multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells ameliorates hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14958. [PMID: 37696826 PMCID: PMC10495445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are endogenous reparative pluripotent stem cells present in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and organ connective tissues. We assessed the homing and therapeutic effects of systemically administered nafimestrocel, a clinical-grade human Muse cell-based product, without immunosuppressants in a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) rat model. HI injury was induced on postnatal day 7 (P7) and was confirmed by T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging on P10. HI rats received a single dose nafimestrocel (1 × 106 cells/body) or Hank's balanced salt solution (vehicle group) intravenously at either three days (on P10; M3 group) or seven days (on P14; M7 group) after HI insult. Radioisotope experiment demonstrated the homing of chromium-51-labeled nafimestrocel to the both cerebral hemispheres. The cylinder test (M3 and M7 groups) and open-field test (M7 group) showed significant amelioration of paralysis and hyperactivity at five weeks of age compared with those in the vehicle group. Nafimestrocel did not cause adverse events such as death or pathological changes in the lung at ten weeks in the both groups. Nafimestrocel attenuated the production of tumor necrosis factor-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase from activated cultured microglia in vitro. These results demonstrate the potential therapeutic benefits and safety of nafimestrocel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Ueda
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sato
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Shinobu Shimizu
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Suzuki
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Atsuto Onoda
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Miura
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Shoji Go
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Haruka Mimatsu
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Yuma Kitase
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Irie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuji
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Kyoto Women's University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mishima
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mizuno
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayakawa
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
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15
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Yoshimaru K, Matsuura T, Uchida Y, Sonoda S, Maeda S, Kajihara K, Kawano Y, Shirai T, Toriigahara Y, Kalim AS, Zhang XY, Takahashi Y, Kawakubo N, Nagata K, Yamaza H, Yamaza T, Taguchi T, Tajiri T. Cutting-edge regenerative therapy for Hirschsprung disease and its allied disorders. Surg Today 2023:10.1007/s00595-023-02741-6. [PMID: 37668735 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-023-02741-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) and its associated disorders (AD-HSCR) often result in severe hypoperistalsis caused by enteric neuropathy, mesenchymopathy, and myopathy. Notably, HSCR involving the small intestine, isolated hypoganglionosis, chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, and megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome carry a poor prognosis. Ultimately, small-bowel transplantation (SBTx) is necessary for refractory cases, but it is highly invasive and outcomes are less than optimal, despite advances in surgical techniques and management. Thus, regenerative therapy has come to light as a potential form of treatment involving regeneration of the enteric nervous system, mesenchyme, and smooth muscle in affected areas. We review the cutting-edge regenerative therapeutic approaches for managing HSCR and AD-HSCR, including the use of enteric nervous system progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells as cell sources, the recipient intestine's microenvironment, and transplantation methods. Perspectives on the future of these treatments are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Yoshimaru
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Matsuura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Uchida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Soichiro Sonoda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shohei Maeda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kajihara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawano
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shirai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Miyazaki Prefectural Miyazaki Hospital, 5-30 Kitatakamatsu-cho, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 880-8510, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Toriigahara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Alvin Santoso Kalim
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Xiu-Ying Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Takahashi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naonori Kawakubo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kouji Nagata
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Haruyoshi Yamaza
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Taguchi
- Fukuoka College of Health Sciences, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Tajiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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16
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Namestnikova DD, Gubskiy IL, Cherkashova EA, Sukhinich KK, Melnikov PA, Gabashvili AN, Kurilo VV, Chekhonin VP, Gubsky LV, Yarygin KN. Therapeutic Efficacy and Migration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells after Intracerebral Transplantation in Rats with Experimental Ischemic Stroke. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023:10.1007/s10517-023-05822-1. [PMID: 37336809 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05822-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
We studied therapeutic efficacy and migration characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the human placenta after their intracerebral (stereotactic) administration to rats with the experimental ischemic stroke. It was shown that cell therapy significantly improved animal survival rate and reduced the severity of neurological deficit. New data on the migration pathways of transplanted cells in the brain were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Namestnikova
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - I L Gubskiy
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - E A Cherkashova
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - K K Sukhinich
- V. N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - P A Melnikov
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Gabashvili
- National Research Technology University "MISiS", Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Kurilo
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V P Chekhonin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Gubsky
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - K N Yarygin
- V. N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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17
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Vieira S, Strymecka P, Stanaszek L, Silva-Correia J, Drela K, Fiedorowicz M, Malysz-Cymborska I, Janowski M, Reis RL, Łukomska B, Walczak P, Oliveira JM. Mn-Based Methacrylated Gellan Gum Hydrogels for MRI-Guided Cell Delivery and Imaging. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040427. [PMID: 37106614 PMCID: PMC10135712 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aims to engineer a new stable injectable Mn-based methacrylated gellan gum (Mn/GG-MA) hydrogel for real-time monitored cell delivery into the central nervous system. To enable the hydrogel visualization under Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), GG-MA solutions were supplemented with paramagnetic Mn2+ ions before its ionic crosslink with artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). The resulting formulations were stable, detectable by T1-weighted MRI scans and also injectable. Cell-laden hydrogels were prepared using the Mn/GG-MA formulations, extruded into aCSF for crosslink, and after 7 days of culture, the encapsulated human adipose-derived stem cells remained viable, as assessed by Live/Dead assay. In vivo tests, using double mutant MBPshi/shi/rag2 immunocompromised mice, showed that the injection of Mn/GG-MA solutions resulted in a continuous and traceable hydrogel, visible on MRI scans. Summing up, the developed formulations are suitable for both non-invasive cell delivery techniques and image-guided neurointerventions, paving the way for new therapeutic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Vieira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Paulina Strymecka
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Luiza Stanaszek
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joana Silva-Correia
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Katarzyna Drela
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Fiedorowicz
- Small Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Malysz-Cymborska
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Rui Luís Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Barbara Łukomska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
- Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Joaquim Miguel Oliveira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark—Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-253510931; Fax: +351-253510909
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18
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A Simplified and Effective Approach for the Isolation of Small Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from Human Peripheral Blood. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030787. [PMID: 36979766 PMCID: PMC10045871 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells are key players in regenerative medicine. Embryonic pluripotent stem cells, despite their significant advantages, are associated with limitations such as their inadequate availability and the ethical dilemmas in their isolation and clinical use. The discovery of very small embryonic-like (VSEL) stem cells addressed the aforementioned limitations, but their isolation technique remains a challenge due to their small cell size and their efficiency in isolation. Here, we report a simplified and effective approach for the isolation of small pluripotent stem cells derived from human peripheral blood. Our approach results in a high yield of small blood stem cell (SBSC) population, which expresses pluripotent embryonic markers (e.g., Nanog, SSEA-3) and the Yamanaka factors. Further, a fraction of SBSCs also co-express hematopoietic markers (e.g., CD45 and CD90) and/or mesenchymal markers (e.g., CD29, CD105 and PTH1R), suggesting a mixed stem cell population. Finally, quantitative proteomic profiling reveals that SBSCs contain various stem cell markers (CD9, ITGA6, MAPK1, MTHFD1, STAT3, HSPB1, HSPA4), and Transcription reg complex factors (e.g., STAT5B, PDLIM1, ANXA2, ATF6, CAMK1). In conclusion, we present a novel, simplified and effective isolating process that yields an abundant population of small-sized cells with characteristics of pluripotency from human peripheral blood.
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19
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Li Y, Liu B, Zhao T, Quan X, Han Y, Cheng Y, Chen Y, Shen X, Zheng Y, Zhao Y. Comparative study of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells and brain endothelial cells attenuating blood-brain barrier permeability via regulating Caveolin-1-dependent ZO-1 and Claudin-5 endocytosis in acute ischemic stroke. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:70. [PMID: 36855156 PMCID: PMC9976550 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01828-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a major adverse event after ischemic stroke (IS). Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a scaffolding protein, played multiple roles in BBB permeability after IS, while the pros and cons of Cav-1 on BBB permeability remain controversial. Numerous studies revealed that extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially stem cells derived EVs, exerted therapeutic efficacy on IS; however, the mechanisms of BBB permeability needed to be clearly illustrated. Herein, we compared the protective efficacy on BBB integrity between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EVs) and EVs from brain endothelial cells (BEC-EVs) after acute IS and investigated whether the mechanism was associated with EVs antagonizing Cav-1-dependent tight junction proteins endocytosis. METHODS BMSC-EVs and BEC-EVs were isolated and characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, western blotting, and transmission electron microscope. Oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) treated b. End3 cells were utilized to evaluate brain endothelial cell leakage. CCK-8 and TRITC-dextran leakage assays were used to measure cell viability and transwell monolayer permeability. Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAo) model was established, and EVs were intravenously administered in rats. Animal neurological function tests were applied, and microvessels were isolated from the ischemic cortex. BBB leakage and tight junction proteins were analyzed by Evans Blue (EB) staining and western blotting, respectively. Co-IP assay and Cav-1 siRNA/pcDNA 3.1 vector transfection were employed to verify the endocytosis efficacy of Cav-1 on tight junction proteins. RESULTS Both kinds of EVs exerted similar efficacies in reducing the cerebral infarction volume and BBB leakage and enhancing the expressions of ZO-1 and Claudin-5 after 24 h pMCAo in rats. At the same time, BMSC-EVs were outstanding in ameliorating neurological function. Simultaneously, both EVs treatments suppressed the highly expressed Cav-1 in OGD-exposed b. End3 cells and ischemic cerebral microvessels, and this efficacy was more prominent after BMSC-EVs administration. Cav-1 knockdown reduced OGD-treated b. End3 cells monolayer permeability and recovered ZO-1 and Claudin-5 expressions, whereas Cav-1 overexpression aggravated permeability and enhanced the colocalization of Cav-1 with ZO-1 and Claudin-5. Furthermore, Cav-1 overexpression partly reversed the lower cell leakage by BMSC-EVs and BEC-EVs administrations in OGD-treated b. End3 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that Cav-1 aggravated BBB permeability in acute ischemic stroke, and BMSC-EVs exerted similar antagonistic efficacy to BEC-EVs on Cav-1-dependent ZO-1 and Claudin-5 endocytosis. BMSC-EVs treatment was superior in Cav-1 suppression and neurological function amelioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Li
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR China
| | - Bowen Liu
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- grid.259384.10000 0000 8945 4455Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR China
| | - Xingping Quan
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR China
| | - Yan Han
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR China
| | - Yaxin Cheng
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR China
| | - Yanling Chen
- grid.417409.f0000 0001 0240 6969Department of Pathophysiology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Xu Shen
- grid.410745.30000 0004 1765 1045Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica and State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR China ,grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
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20
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Dynamic MRI of the Mesenchymal Stem Cells Distribution during Intravenous Transplantation in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020288. [PMID: 36836645 PMCID: PMC9962901 DOI: 10.3390/life13020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising approach for the treatment of ischemia-associated disorders, including stroke. However, exact mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects are still debated. In this respect, studies of the transplanted cells distribution and homing are indispensable. We proposed an MRI protocol which allowed us to estimate the dynamic distribution of single superparamagnetic iron oxide labeled MSCs in live ischemic rat brain during intravenous transplantation after the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Additionally, we evaluated therapeutic efficacy of cell therapy in this rat stroke model. According to the dynamic MRI data, limited numbers of MSCs accumulated diffusely in the brain vessels starting at the 7th minute from the onset of infusion, reached its maximum by 29 min, and gradually eliminated from cerebral circulation during 24 h. Despite low numbers of cells entering brain blood flow and their short-term engraftment, MSCs transplantation induced long lasting improvement of the neurological deficit, but without acceleration of the stroke volume reduction compared to the control animals during 14 post-transplantation days. Taken together, these findings indicate that MSCs convey their positive action by triggering certain paracrine mechanisms or cell-cell interactions or invoking direct long-lasting effects on brain vessels.
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21
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Ye H, Ma Z, Liu L, Zhang T, Han Q, Xiang Z, Xia Y, Ke Y, Guan X, Shi Q, Ataullakhanov FI, Panteleev M. Thrombus Inhibition and Neuroprotection for Ischemic Stroke Treatment through Platelet Regulation and ROS Scavenging. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200317. [PMID: 36220787 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is caused by cerebrovascular stenosis or occlusion. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the focus-triggering factor of irreversible injury in ischemic regions, which result in harmful cascading effects to brain tissue, such as inflammation and microthrombus formation. In the present work, we designed nanodelivery systems (NDSs) based on MnO2 loaded with Ginkgolide B (GB) for restoring the intracerebral microenvironment in ischemic stroke, such as ROS scavenging, O2 elevation, thrombus inhibition and damage repair. GB can activate the endogenous antioxidant defense of cells by enhancing the nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway, thus protecting brain tissue from oxidative damage. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is also a therapeutic obstacle for the delivery of these agents to ischemic regions. MnO2 nanoparticles have an inherent BBB penetration effect, which enhances the delivery of therapeutic agents within brain tissue. MnO2 , with mimicking enzymatic activity, can catalyze the decomposition of overproduced H2 O2 in the ischemic microenvironment to O2 , meanwhile releasing platelet-antagonizing GB molecules, thus alleviating cerebral hypoxia, oxidative stress damage, and microthrombus generation. This study may provide a promising therapeutic route for regulating the microenvironment of ischemic stroke through a combined function of ROS scavenging, microthrombus inhibition, and BBB penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Ye
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhifang Ma
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Tianci Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoyi Han
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zehong Xiang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yue Ke
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Guan
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Shi
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Fazly I Ataullakhanov
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117198, Russia.,Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Mikhail Panteleev
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117198, Russia
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22
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Achón Buil B, Tackenberg C, Rust R. Editing a gateway for cell therapy across the blood-brain barrier. Brain 2022; 146:823-841. [PMID: 36397727 PMCID: PMC9976985 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has been shown to improve stroke outcomes in animal models and is currently advancing towards clinical practice. However, uncertainty remains regarding the optimal route for cell delivery to the injured brain. Local intracerebral injections are effective in precisely delivering cells into the stroke cavity but carry the risk of damaging adjacent healthy tissue. Systemic endovascular injections, meanwhile, are minimally invasive, but most injected cells do not cross CNS barriers and become mechanically trapped in peripheral organs. Although the blood-brain barrier and the blood-CSF barrier tightly limit the entrance of cells and molecules into the brain parenchyma, immune cells can cross these barriers especially under pathological conditions, such as stroke. Deciphering the cell surface signature and the molecular mechanisms underlying this pathophysiological process holds promise for improving the targeted delivery of systemic injected cells to the injured brain. In this review, we describe experimental approaches that have already been developed in which (i) cells are either engineered to express cell surface proteins mimicking infiltrating immune cells; or (ii) cell grafts are preconditioned with hypoxia or incubated with pharmacological agents or cytokines. Modified cell grafts can be complemented with strategies to temporarily increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Although these approaches could significantly enhance homing of stem cells into the injured brain, cell entrapment in off-target organs remains a non-negligible risk. Recent developments in safety-switch systems, which enable the precise elimination of transplanted cells on the administration of a drug, represent a promising strategy for selectively removing stem cells stuck in untargeted organs. In sum, the techniques described in this review hold great potential to substantially improve efficacy and safety of future cell therapies in stroke and may be relevant to other brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Achón Buil
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Tackenberg
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruslan Rust
- Correspondence to: Ruslan Rust Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren Zurich, Switzerland E-mail:
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23
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Ran Y, Dong Y, Li Y, Xie J, Zeng S, Liang C, Dai W, Tang W, Wu Y, Yu S. Mesenchymal stem cell aggregation mediated by integrin α4/VCAM-1 after intrathecal transplantation in MCAO rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:507. [PMID: 36273220 PMCID: PMC9587602 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown immense therapeutic potential for various brain diseases. Intrathecal administration of MSCs may enhance their recruitment to lesions in the central nervous system, but any impact on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow remains unclear. Methods Rats with or without middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) received intrathecal injections of 2D cultured MSCs, 3D cultured MSCs or an equal volume of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF). Ventricle volume was assessed by MRI on Days 2 and 14 post-MCAO surgery. A beam walking test was used to assess fine motor coordination and balance. Aggregation of MSCs was evaluated in CSF and frozen brain tissue. Differential expression of cell adhesion molecules was evaluated by RNA-Seq, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analyses. The influence of VCAM-1 blockade in mediating the aggregation of 2D MSCs was investigated in vitro by counting cells that passed through a strainer and in vivo by evaluating ventricular dilation. Results MSC expanded in 2D culture formed aggregates in the CSF and caused ventricular enlargement in both MCAO and normal rats. Aggregates were associated with impaired motor function. 2D MSCs expressed higher levels of integrin α4 and VCAM-1 than 3D MSCs. Blockade of VCAM-1 in 2D MSCs reduced their aggregation in vitro and reduced lateral ventricular enlargement after intrathecal infusion. 3D MSCs exhibited lower cell aggregation and reduced cerebral ventricular dilation after intrathecal transplantation Conclusions The aggregation of 2D MSCs, mediated by the interaction of integrin α4 and VCAM-1, is a potential risk for obstruction of CSF flow after intrathecal transplantation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03189-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ran
- Department of Neurology, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yankai Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering (iBHE), Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuejiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering (iBHE), Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jundong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering (iBHE), Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shubin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering (iBHE), Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chuanlei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering (iBHE), Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Neurology, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenjing Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yaojiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering (iBHE), Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China. .,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Shengyuan Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China.
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24
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Mortimer KRH, Vernon-Browne H, Zille M, Didwischus N, Boltze J. Potential effects of commonly applied drugs on neural stem cell proliferation and viability: A hypothesis-generating systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:975697. [PMID: 36277493 PMCID: PMC9581168 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.975697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is an emerging and promising approach to combat neurodegenerative diseases. While NSCs can differentiate into neural cell types, many therapeutic effects are mediated by paracrine, “drug-like” mechanisms. Neurodegenerative diseases are predominantly a burden of the elderly who commonly suffer from comorbidities and thus are subject to pharmacotherapies. There is substantial knowledge about drug-drug interactions but almost nothing is known about a potential impact of pharmacotherapy on NSCs. Such knowledge is decisive for designing tailored treatment programs for individual patients. Previous studies revealed preliminary evidence that the anti-depressants fluoxetine and imipramine may affect NSC viability and proliferation. Here, we derive a hypothesis on how commonly applied drugs, statins and antihypertensives, may affect NSC viability, proliferation, and differentiation. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis looking at potential effects of commonly prescribed antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic medication on NSC function. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched on according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Publications were assessed against a priori established selection criteria for relevancy. A meta-analysis was then performed on data extracted from publications eligible for full text review to estimate drug effects on NSC functions. Our systematic review identified 1,017 potential studies, 55 of which were eligible for full text review. Out of those, 21 were included in the qualitative synthesis. The meta-analysis was performed on 13 publications; the remainder were excluded as they met exclusion criteria or lacked sufficient data to perform a meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists, an anti-hypertensive drug class [p < 0.05, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = –1.54; –0.35], and various statins [p < 0.05, 95% CI = –3.17; –0.0694] had an inhibiting effect on NSC proliferation. Moreover, we present preliminary evidence that L-type calcium channel blockers and statins, particularly lovastatin, may reduce NSC viability. Although the data available in the literature is limited, there are clear indications for an impact of commonly applied drugs, in particular statins, on NSC function. Considering the modes of action of the respective drugs, we reveal plausible mechanisms by which this impact may be mediated, creating a testable hypothesis, and providing insights into how future confirmative research on this topic may be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R H Mortimer
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marietta Zille
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Didwischus
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition and Center for Neuroscience, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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25
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Zhuang J, Zhang X, Liu Q, Zhu M, Huang X. Targeted delivery of nanomedicines for promoting vascular regeneration in ischemic diseases. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:6223-6241. [PMID: 36168632 PMCID: PMC9475455 DOI: 10.7150/thno.73421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic diseases, the leading cause of disability and death, are caused by the restriction or blockage of blood flow in specific tissues, including ischemic cardiac, ischemic cerebrovascular and ischemic peripheral vascular diseases. The regeneration of functional vasculature network in ischemic tissues is essential for treatment of ischemic diseases. Direct delivery of pro-angiogenesis factors, such as VEGF, has demonstrated the effectiveness in ischemic disease therapy but suffering from several obstacles, such as low delivery efficacy in disease sites and uncontrolled modulation. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of inducing vascular regeneration, providing the guidance for designing the desired nanomedicines. We also introduce the delivery of various nanomedicines to ischemic tissues by passive or active targeting manner. To achieve the efficient delivery of nanomedicines in various ischemic diseases, we highlight targeted delivery of nanomedicines and controllable modulation of disease microenvironment using nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhuang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiangyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xinglu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Joint Laboratory of Nanozymes, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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26
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Salah M, Naini FB. Exosomes in craniofacial tissue reconstruction. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2022; 44:27. [PMID: 35999408 PMCID: PMC9399332 DOI: 10.1186/s40902-022-00357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy gained interest among scientists following the discovery of its therapeutic potential. However, their clinical use has been hindered due to their immunogenicity and tumorigenicity. Relatively recently, it has been unveiled that the mechanism by which MSC promote healing is by secreting exosomes. This raised the interest in developing cell-free therapy, avoiding the obstacles that deterred the translation of MSC therapy into clinical practice. REVIEW This comprehensive narrative review summarises the current understanding of exosome biogenesis and content. Moreover, the existing research on exosome use in bone tissue engineering is discussed. CONCLUSIONS Exosome-based therapy may provide excellent potential in the field of bone tissue engineering and craniofacial reconstructive surgery. Further investigation is required before the technology can be translated into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhja Salah
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Farhad B Naini
- Kingston and St George's University Hospitals, London, UK.
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Human Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell–Derived Extracellular Vesicles Enhance Neuroregeneration in a Rat Model of Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158583. [PMID: 35955732 PMCID: PMC9369448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury remains a serious problem for medicine, with no effective method of treatment at the moment. The most prominent example of this problem is neonatal brachial plexus palsy, which results from the stretching of the brachial plexus nerves in the birth or perinatal period. Multipotent mesenchymal cells (MSCs) and the extracellular vesicles (EVs) they produce are known to have a marked neuroprotective effect in central nervous system injuries. We suggested that the use of MSCs-derived EVs may be an effective approach to the regeneration of peripheral nerves after injury. Sciatic nerve injury was modeled in rats via crushing, and then a gel containing MSCs–EVs was applied to the injured area. After 15 and 30 days, a histological, physiological, and functional assessment of nerve, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and innervated muscles’ recovery was performed. Transplantation of EVs to the area of sciatic nerve injury significantly reduced muscle atrophy as compared to the control group. Functional recovery of the innervated muscles, as measured by the extensor postural thrust test, was revealed 30 days after the surgery. We associate the obtained results with EVs-induced neuroprotective mechanisms, which were expressed in a decrease in apoptotic neuronal death and an increase in regeneration-associated proteins NF-200 and GAP-43, as well as in DRG and damaged nerve. We suggest that the therapeutic scheme we used is efficient for the treatment of acute peripheral nervous system injuries and can be transferred to the clinics. However, additional studies are required for a more detailed analysis of neuroprotection mechanisms.
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Genetically engineered and enucleated human mesenchymal stromal cells for the targeted delivery of therapeutics to diseased tissue. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:882-897. [PMID: 34931077 PMCID: PMC9207157 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00815-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the delivery of therapeutics specifically to diseased tissue enhances their efficacy and decreases their side effects. Here we show that mesenchymal stromal cells with their nuclei removed by density-gradient centrifugation following the genetic modification of the cells for their display of chemoattractant receptors and endothelial-cell-binding molecules are effective vehicles for the targeted delivery of therapeutics. The enucleated cells neither proliferate nor permanently engraft in the host, yet retain the organelles for energy and protein production, undergo integrin-regulated adhesion to inflamed endothelial cells, and actively home to chemokine gradients established by diseased tissues. In mouse models of acute inflammation and of pancreatitis, systemically administered enucleated cells expressing two types of chemokine receptor and an endothelial adhesion molecule enhanced the delivery of an anti-inflammatory cytokine to diseased tissue (with respect to unmodified stromal cells and to exosomes derived from bone-marrow-derived stromal cells), attenuating inflammation and ameliorating disease pathology. Enucleated cells retain most of the cells' functionality, yet acquire the cargo-carrying characteristics of cell-free delivery systems, and hence represent a versatile delivery vehicle and therapeutic system.
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Li X, Huang Q, Zhang X, Xie C, Liu M, Yuan Y, Feng J, Xing H, Ru L, Yuan Z, Xu Z, Yang Y, Long Y, Xing C, Song J, Hu X, Xu Q. Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Assessment of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rats. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:883996. [PMID: 35663387 PMCID: PMC9160830 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.883996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have shown very attractive potential in clinical applications for the treatment of various diseases. However, the data about the reproductive and developmental toxicity of hUC-MSCs remains insufficient. Thus, we assessed the potential effects of intravenous injection of hUC-MSCs on reproduction and development in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: In the fertility and early embryonic development study, hUC-MSCs were administered at dose levels of 0, 6.0 × 106, 8.5 × 106, and 1.2 × 107/kg to male and female rats during the pre-mating, mating and gestation period. In the embryo-fetal development study, the pregnant female rats received 0, 6.0 × 106, 1.2 × 107, and 2.4 × 107/kg of hUC-MSCs from gestation days (GD) 6-15. Assessments made included mortality, clinical observations, body weight, food consumption, fertility parameters of male and female, litter, and fetus parameters, etc. Results: No hUC-MSCs-related toxicity was observed on the fertility of male and female rats, and no teratogenic effect on fetuses. hUC-MSCs at 1.2 × 107/kg caused a mildly decrease in body weight gain of male rats, transient listlessness, tachypnea, and hematuria symptoms in pregnant female rats. Death was observed in part of the pregnant females at a dose of 2.4 × 107/kg, which could be due to pulmonary embolism. Conclusion: Based on the results of the studies, the no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) are 8.5 × 106/kg for fertility and early embryonic development, 1.2 × 107/kg for maternal toxicity and 2.4 × 107/kg for embryo-fetal development in rats intravenous injected with hUC-MSCs, which are equivalent to 8.5-fold, 12-fold, and 24-fold respectively of its clinical dosage in humans. These findings may provide a rational basis for human health risk assessment of hUC-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Li
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Country Sci-Tech Industrial Park, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qijing Huang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changfeng Xie
- Shenzhen Beike Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Muyun Liu
- Shenzhen Beike Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Yueming Yuan
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Country Sci-Tech Industrial Park, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjia Feng
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Xing
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Ru
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Country Sci-Tech Industrial Park, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Yuan
- Country Sci-Tech Industrial Park, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- Country Sci-Tech Industrial Park, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - YaoXiang Yang
- Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Long
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengfeng Xing
- Country Sci-Tech Industrial Park, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Song
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Shenzhen Beike Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Maric DM, Velikic G, Maric DL, Supic G, Vojvodic D, Petric V, Abazovic D. Stem Cell Homing in Intrathecal Applications and Inspirations for Improvement Paths. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084290. [PMID: 35457107 PMCID: PMC9027729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A transplanted stem cell homing is a directed migration from the application site to the targeted tissue. Intrathecal application of stem cells is their direct delivery to cerebrospinal fluid, which defines the homing path from the point of injection to the brain. In the case of neurodegenerative diseases, this application method has the advantage of no blood–brain barrier restriction. However, the homing efficiency still needs improvement and homing mechanisms elucidation. Analysis of current research results on homing mechanisms in the light of intrathecal administration revealed a discrepancy between in vivo and in vitro results and a gap between preclinical and clinical research. Combining the existing research with novel insights from cutting-edge biochips, nano, and other technologies and computational models may bridge this gap faster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan M. Maric
- Department for Research and Development, Clinic Orto MD-Parks Dr Dragi Hospital, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
- Faculty of Dentistry Pancevo, University Business Academy, 26000 Pancevo, Serbia
- Vincula Biotech Group, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Gordana Velikic
- Department for Research and Development, Clinic Orto MD-Parks Dr Dragi Hospital, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
- Vincula Biotech Group, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Correspondence: (G.V.); (D.L.M.)
| | - Dusica L. Maric
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Correspondence: (G.V.); (D.L.M.)
| | - Gordana Supic
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (G.S.); (D.V.)
- Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danilo Vojvodic
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (G.S.); (D.V.)
- Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vedrana Petric
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dzihan Abazovic
- Vincula Biotech Group, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Department for Regenerative Medicine, Biocell Hospital, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Mello TG, Rosado-de-Castro PH, Vasques JF, Pinhão C, Santos TM, de Lima RR, Foerster BU, Paiva FF, Mendez-Otero R, Pimentel-Coelho PM. Hyperacute transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells in a model of severe intracerebral hemorrhage. Future Sci OA 2022; 8:FSO793. [PMID: 35369279 PMCID: PMC8965815 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2021-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has limited therapeutic options. We have shown that an intravenous injection of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hUC-MSC) 24 h after an ICH in rats reduced the residual hematoma volume after a moderate hemorrhage but was inefficient in severe ICH. Here, we investigated whether a treatment in the hyperacute phase would be more effective in severe ICH. Materials & methods: Wistar rats were randomly selected to receive an intravenous injection of hUC-MSC or the vehicle 1 h after a severe ICH. Results: The hyperacute treatment with hUC-MSC did not affect the 22-day survival rate, the motor function or the residual hematoma volume. Conclusion: These results indicate the need for optimization of hUC-MSC-based therapies for severe ICH. Hemorrhagic stroke, caused by the leakage of blood from blood vessels to the brain, is a life-threatening condition that reduces the quality of life of a large number of patients worldwide without effective treatments. Here, we induced a severe hemorrhagic stroke in rats to study the effects of a treatment using mesenchymal stromal cells, stem cells obtained from the umbilical cord tissue capable of producing protective molecules for the brain. The treatment; however, did not improve some aspects of the disease, such as the motor ability and the size of the brain lesion, indicating that further studies are still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanira Giara Mello
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-614, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Rosado-de-Castro
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Departamento de Radiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Juliana Ferreira Vasques
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Carolina Pinhão
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Tayná Monteiro Santos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Renata Rodrigues de Lima
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Bernd Uwe Foerster
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, 13566-590, Brazil
| | | | - Rosalia Mendez-Otero
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Pedro Moreno Pimentel-Coelho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
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Shi L, Zhang Y, Dong X, Pan Y, Ying H, Chen J, Yang W, Zhang Y, Fei H, Liu X, Wei C, Lin H, Zhou H, Zhao C, Yang A, Zhou F, Zhang S. Toxicity From A Single Injection of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Into Rat Ovaries. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 110:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Giri J, Moll G. MSCs in Space: Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapeutics as Enabling Technology for Long-Distance Manned Space Travel. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-022-00207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Advancements in space travel, such as space tourism into Earth’s orbit, but also the prospect of long-distance manned space travel to other celestial bodies such as Mars, has generated a clinical need for new enabling technologies to support the long-term well-being of humans during their passage. Here, we will give an outline on the clinical need and practical considerations to MSC therapy as enabling technology for long-distance manned space travel.
Recent Findings
Long-distance space travel entails a threat to the health of astronaut crews due to the low gravity environment and exposure to toxic radiation in space. Multi-organ-system degenerative changes, such as decline in musculoskeletal, hematopoietic, immune system function, and in particular risk of genetic mutations and cancer, are major health concerns. Physical training, pharmacological agents, and protective shielding are among the currently available methods to counteract harmful effects. However, a potential lack of adequate shielding, side effects of pharmacological compounds, and limitations to physical training suggest a need for new countermeasures, to protect space travellers to the best extent. Here, the prospect of cell-based therapy, e.g. mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), has been subject to intense research, due to their potent regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Off-the-shelf MSC therapeutics can be easily maintained in space due to the ambient extremely low-temperature environment, and cryorecovery and even culturing of MSCs under microgravity were shown to be feasible.
Summary
Designing new therapy against harmful radiation is urgent need in space travel. Here we will discuss aspects related to clinical MSC administration to optimize their therapeutic benefit. MSC-based therapy may aid in evolving protective countermeasures for space travellers.
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Moll G, Ankrum JA, Olson SD, Nolta JA. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:2-13. [PMID: 35641163 PMCID: PMC8895495 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) therapeutics and types of clinical applications have greatly diversified during the past decade, including rapid growth of poorly regulated “Stem Cell Clinics” offering diverse “Unproven Stem Cell Interventions.” This product diversification necessitates a critical evaluation of the reliance on the 2006 MSC minimal criteria to not only define MSC identity but characterize MSC suitability for intravascular administration. While high-quality MSC therapeutics have been safely administered intravascularly in well-controlled clinical trials, repeated case reports of mild-to-more-severe adverse events have been reported. These are most commonly related to thromboembolic complications upon infusion of highly procoagulant tissue factor (TF/CD142)-expressing MSC products. As TF/CD142 expression varies widely depending on the source and manufacturing process of the MSC product, additional clinical cell product characterization and guidelines are needed to ensure the safe use of MSC products. To minimize risk to patients receiving MSC therapy, we here propose to supplement the minimal criteria used for characterization of MSCs, to include criteria that assess the suitability of MSC products for intravascular use. If cell products are intended for intravascular delivery, which is true for half of all clinical applications involving MSCs, the effects of MSC on coagulation and hemocompatibility should be assessed and expression of TF/CD142 should be included as a phenotypic safety marker. This adjunct criterion will ensure both the identity of the MSCs as well as the safety of the MSCs has been vetted prior to intravascular delivery of MSC products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Moll
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Brandenburg School of Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität zu Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Corresponding author: Guido Moll, PhD, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - James A Ankrum
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Scott D Olson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jan A Nolta
- Director of the Stem Cell Program, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Cell Therapy of Stroke: Do the Intra-Arterially Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier? Cells 2021; 10:cells10112997. [PMID: 34831220 PMCID: PMC8616541 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal model studies and first clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs) transplantation in stroke. Intra-arterial (IA) administration looks especially promising, since it provides targeted cell delivery to the ischemic brain, is highly effective, and can be safe as long as the infusion is conducted appropriately. However, wider clinical application of the IA MSCs transplantation will only be possible after a better understanding of the mechanism of their therapeutic action is achieved. On the way to achieve this goal, the study of transplanted cells' fate and their interactions with the blood-brain barrier (BBB) structures could be one of the key factors. In this review, we analyze the available data concerning one of the most important aspects of the transplanted MSCs' action-the ability of cells to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro and in vivo after IA administration into animals with experimental stroke. The collected data show that some of the transplanted MSCs temporarily attach to the walls of the cerebral vessels and then return to the bloodstream or penetrate the BBB and either undergo homing in the perivascular space or penetrate deeper into the parenchyma. Transmigration across the BBB is not necessary for the induction of therapeutic effects, which can be incited through a paracrine mechanism even by cells located inside the blood vessels.
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Loiola RA, García-Gabilondo M, Grayston A, Bugno P, Kowalska A, Duban-Deweer S, Rizzi E, Hachani J, Sano Y, Shimizu F, Kanda T, Mysiorek C, Mazurek MP, Rosell A, Gosselet F. Secretome of endothelial progenitor cells from stroke patients promotes endothelial barrier tightness and protects against hypoxia-induced vascular leakage. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:552. [PMID: 34702368 PMCID: PMC8549346 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-based therapeutic strategies have been proposed as an alternative for brain repair after stroke, but their clinical application has been hampered by potential adverse effects in the long term. The present study was designed to test the effect of the secretome of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from stroke patients (scCM) on in vitro human models of angiogenesis and vascular barrier. METHODS Two different scCM batches were analysed by mass spectrometry and a proteome profiler. Human primary CD34+-derived endothelial cells (CD34+-ECs) were used for designing angiogenesis studies (proliferation, migration, and tubulogenesis) or in vitro models of EC monolayer (confluent monolayer ECs-CMECs) and blood-brain barrier (BBB; brain-like ECs-BLECs). Cells were treated with scCM (5 μg/mL) or protein-free endothelial basal medium (scEBM-control). CMECs or BLECs were exposed (6 h) to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions (1% oxygen and glucose-free medium) or normoxia (control-5% oxygen, 1 g/L of glucose) and treated with scCM or scEBM during reoxygenation (24 h). RESULTS The analysis of different scCM batches showed a good reproducibility in terms of protein yield and composition. scCM increased CD34+-EC proliferation, tubulogenesis, and migration compared to the control (scEBM). The proteomic analysis of scCM revealed the presence of growth factors and molecules modulating cell metabolism and inflammatory pathways. Further, scCM decreased the permeability of CMECs and upregulated the expression of the junctional proteins such as occludin, VE-cadherin, and ZO-1. Such effects were possibly mediated through the activation of the interferon pathway and a moderate downregulation of Wnt signalling. Furthermore, OGD increased the permeability of both CMECs and BLECs, while scCM prevented the OGD-induced vascular leakage in both models. These effects were possibly mediated through the upregulation of junctional proteins and the regulation of MAPK/VEGFR2 activity. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that scCM promotes angiogenesis and the maturation of newly formed vessels while restoring the BBB function in ischemic conditions. In conclusion, our results highlight the possibility of using EPC-secretome as a therapeutic alternative to promote brain angiogenesis and protect from ischemia-induced vascular leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel García-Gabilondo
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alba Grayston
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Paulina Bugno
- Pure Biologics S.A., Duńska 11, 54-427, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Sophie Duban-Deweer
- UR 2465, Blood-Brain Barrier Laboratory (LBHE), Univ. Artois, 62300, Lens, France
| | - Eleonora Rizzi
- UR 2465, Blood-Brain Barrier Laboratory (LBHE), Univ. Artois, 62300, Lens, France
| | - Johan Hachani
- UR 2465, Blood-Brain Barrier Laboratory (LBHE), Univ. Artois, 62300, Lens, France
| | - Yasuteru Sano
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Shimizu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanda
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Caroline Mysiorek
- UR 2465, Blood-Brain Barrier Laboratory (LBHE), Univ. Artois, 62300, Lens, France
| | | | - Anna Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- UR 2465, Blood-Brain Barrier Laboratory (LBHE), Univ. Artois, 62300, Lens, France.
- Laboratory of the Blood-Brain Barrier, Sciences Faculty Jean Perrin, Artois University, Lens, France.
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da Costa VR, Araldi RP, Vigerelli H, D’Ámelio F, Mendes TB, Gonzaga V, Policíquio B, Colozza-Gama GA, Valverde CW, Kerkis I. Exosomes in the Tumor Microenvironment: From Biology to Clinical Applications. Cells 2021; 10:2617. [PMID: 34685596 PMCID: PMC8533895 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important health problems and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the advances in oncology, cancer heterogeneity remains challenging to therapeutics. This is because the exosome-mediated crosstalk between cancer and non-cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to the acquisition of all hallmarks of cancer and leads to the formation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which exhibit resistance to a range of anticancer drugs. Thus, this review aims to summarize the role of TME-derived exosomes in cancer biology and explore the clinical potential of mesenchymal stem-cell-derived exosomes as a cancer treatment, discussing future prospects of cell-free therapy for cancer treatment and challenges to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Rodrigues da Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFES), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (V.R.d.C.); (T.B.M.); (G.A.C.-G.)
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil; (H.V.); (F.D.); (V.G.); (B.P.)
| | - Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFES), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (V.R.d.C.); (T.B.M.); (G.A.C.-G.)
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil; (H.V.); (F.D.); (V.G.); (B.P.)
- Cellavita Pesquisas Científicas Ltd.a., Valinhos 13271-650, Brazil;
| | - Hugo Vigerelli
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil; (H.V.); (F.D.); (V.G.); (B.P.)
| | - Fernanda D’Ámelio
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil; (H.V.); (F.D.); (V.G.); (B.P.)
| | - Thais Biude Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFES), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (V.R.d.C.); (T.B.M.); (G.A.C.-G.)
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil; (H.V.); (F.D.); (V.G.); (B.P.)
- Cellavita Pesquisas Científicas Ltd.a., Valinhos 13271-650, Brazil;
| | - Vivian Gonzaga
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil; (H.V.); (F.D.); (V.G.); (B.P.)
- Cellavita Pesquisas Científicas Ltd.a., Valinhos 13271-650, Brazil;
| | - Bruna Policíquio
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil; (H.V.); (F.D.); (V.G.); (B.P.)
- Cellavita Pesquisas Científicas Ltd.a., Valinhos 13271-650, Brazil;
| | - Gabriel Avelar Colozza-Gama
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFES), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (V.R.d.C.); (T.B.M.); (G.A.C.-G.)
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | | | - Irina Kerkis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFES), São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil; (V.R.d.C.); (T.B.M.); (G.A.C.-G.)
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil; (H.V.); (F.D.); (V.G.); (B.P.)
- Cellavita Pesquisas Científicas Ltd.a., Valinhos 13271-650, Brazil;
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The Need for New Biomarkers to Assist with Stroke Prevention and Prediction of Post-Stroke Therapy Based on Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091226. [PMID: 34572411 PMCID: PMC8466486 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of having a stroke event doubles each decade after the age of 55. Therefore, it is of great interest to develop neurorestorative therapies of stroke which occurs mostly in elderly people. However, to date, patients at risk for these sequels of stroke are not duly diagnosed and treated due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-delimited particles that are shed by the brain cells and are able to cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the blood stream; thus, they may be used to interrogate molecular and cellular events in the brain damaged area. In this review, we summarize the major molecular and cellular responses of astroglia and neurons to cerebral ischemia and assess their impact on post-stroke recovery and rehabilitation. In particular, we ask if EVs secreted by brain cells are responses to cerebral ischemia, and they may shed new light on the interplay between exosomes-mediated interactions between brain cells and the question of how to exploit it in order to predict the individual course of the disease and to introduce specific preventive or therapeutic strategies. Given these findings, we are left with two options: either to (i) transplant neuronal precursors into the damaged cortical area or (ii) to covert abundantly present proliferating astrocytes in the perilesional area into neurons by using recently developed genetic technologies. However, given the complexity of molecular and cellular responses to cerebral ischemia and our limited capabilities to restore brain structure and function, we are left with only one realistic aim: to invest more in prevention.
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Ma D, Guan B, Song L, Liu Q, Fan Y, Zhao L, Wang T, Zhang Z, Gao Z, Li S, Xu H. A Bibliometric Analysis of Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases From 2001 to 2021. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:734514. [PMID: 34513962 PMCID: PMC8424118 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.734514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Exosomes in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become an active research field with substantial value and potential. Nevertheless, there are few bibliometric studies in this field. We aimed to visualize the research hotspots and trends of exosomes in CVDs using a bibliometric analysis to help understand the future development of basic and clinical research. Methods: The articles and reviews regarding exosomes in the CVDs were culled from the Web of Science Core Collection, and knowledge maps were generated using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software. Results: A total of 1,039 articles were included. The number of exosome articles in the CVDs increased yearly. These publications came from 60 countries/regions, led by the US and China. The primary research institutions were Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Nanjing Medical University. Circulation Research was the journal and co-cited journal with the most studies. We identified 473 authors among which Lucio Barile had the most significant number of articles and Thery C was co-cited most often. After analysis, the most common keywords are myocardium infarction, microRNA and mesenchymal stem cells. Ischemic heart disease, pathogenesis, regeneration, stem cells, targeted therapy, biomarkers, cardiac protection, and others are current and developing areas of study. Conclusion: We identified the research hotspots and trends of exosomes in CVDs using bibliometric and visual methods. Research on exosomes is flourishing in the cardiovascular medicine. Regenerative medicine, exosome engineering, delivery vehicles, and biomarkers will likely become the focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ma
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyi Guan
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luxia Song
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyu Liu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Fan
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tongxin Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuye Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Siming Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Asgari Taei A, Nasoohi S, Hassanzadeh G, Kadivar M, Dargahi L, Farahmandfar M. Enhancement of angiogenesis and neurogenesis by intracerebroventricular injection of secretome from human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells in ischemic stroke model. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111709. [PMID: 34020250 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well accepted that the success of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy against experimental stroke is mainly due to cellular paracrine manners rather than to replace lost tissue per se. Given such "bystander" effects, cell-free therapeutics manifest as a promising approach in regenerative medicine. Here we aimed at evaluating the effect of conditioned medium (CM) derived from human embryonic MSCs (hESC-MSC) on the neurological deficit, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis in experimental stroke. Adult male Wistar rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), were treated with intracerebroventricular CM either one time (1 h post MCAO) or three times (1, 24, and 48 h post MCAO). Motor performance was assessed by the cylinder test on days 3 and 7. Cerebral samples were obtained for infarct size and molecular analysis on day 7 post-injury. Neurogenesis was evaluated by probing Nestin, Ki67, DCX, and Reelin transcripts and protein levels in the striatum, cortex, subventricular zone, and corpus callosum. The mRNA and protein expression of CD31 were also assessed in the striatum and cortical region to estimate angiogenesis post MCAO. Our findings demonstrate that CM treatment could significantly ameliorate neurological deficits and infarct volume in MCAO rats. Furthermore, ischemic stroke was associated with higher levels of neurogenesis and angiogenesis markers. Following treatment with CM, these markers were further potentiated in the brain regions. This study suggests that the therapeutic benefits of CM obtained from hESC-MSCs at least partly are mediated through improved neurogenesis and angiogenesis to accelerate the recovery of cerebral ischemia insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Asgari Taei
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Nasoohi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hassanzadeh
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kadivar
- Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Farahmandfar
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Szydlak R. Biological, chemical and mechanical factors regulating migration and homing of mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:619-631. [PMID: 34249231 PMCID: PMC8246245 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i6.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a population of primary and non-specialized cells, which can be isolated from various tissues. Currently, MSCs are key players in cellular therapy and regenerative medicine. However, the possibility of using MSCs in the treatment of many diseases needs to be preceded, though, by in-depth analysis of their properties, especially by determining the mechanism of tissue homing as well as the mechanism, due to which cells contribute to tissue regeneration. This review is intended to present information on recent findings regarding the mechanism of recruitment and tissue homing by MSCs and discuss current hypotheses for how MSCs can reach target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Szydlak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 31-034, Poland
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Rascón-Ramírez FJ, Esteban-García N, Barcia JA, Trondin A, Nombela C, Sánchez-Sánchez-Rojas L. Are We Ready for Cell Therapy to Treat Stroke? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:621645. [PMID: 34249901 PMCID: PMC8260969 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.621645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials of cell therapies that target stroke started at the beginning of this century and they have experienced a significant boost in recent years as a result of promising data from basic research studies. The increase in the information available has paved the way to carry out more innovative and varied human studies. Efforts have focused on the search for a safe and effective treatment to stimulate neuro-regeneration in the brain and to reduce the sequelae of stroke in patients. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the clinical trials using cell therapy to treat stroke published to date and assess their limitations. From 2000 to date, most of the published clinical trials have focused on phases I or II, and the vast majority of them demonstrate that stem cells are essentially safe to use when administered by different routes, with transient and mild adverse events that do not generally have severe consequences for health. In general, there is considerable variation in the trials in terms of statistical design, sample size, the cells used, the routes of administration, and the functional assessments (both at baseline and follow-up), making it difficult to compare the studies. From this general description, possibly the experimental protocol is the main element to improve in future studies. Establishing an adequate experimental and statistical design will be essential to obtain favorable and reliable results when conducting phase III clinical trials. Thus, it is necessary to standardize the criteria used in these clinical trials in order to aid comparison. Shortly, cell therapy will be a key approach in the treatment of stroke if adequate and comprehensive levels of recovery are to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noelia Esteban-García
- Regenerative Medicine and Advanced Therapies Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Hospital Cl nico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Barcia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Cl nico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Trondin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Cl nico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Nombela
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Extracellular Vesicle Application as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 13:171-187. [PMID: 33982152 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00915-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) accounts for most of the cases of stroke onset, and due to short therapeutic time window for thrombolysis and numerous limited treatment measures and contraindications, lots of patients cannot receive satisfying therapeutic effects resulting in high disability and mortality worldly. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs), as nanosized membrane-structured vesicles secreted from almost all cells, especially from stem/progenitor cells, have been reported to exert significant beneficial effects on IS from multiple approaches and notably ameliorate neurological outcome. Moreover, based on nano-size and lipid bilayer structure, EVs can easily penetrate the blood-brain barrier and migrate into the brain. In this review, we mainly systematically summarize the therapeutic effects of EVs on IS and explore their potential applications. Simultaneously, we also discuss administration routines, dosages, experimental observation time, and some key issues of EV application during IS treatment. It contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the progress of EV treatment for IS and providing confident evidence for further EV clinical application widely.
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Andrzejewska A, Dabrowska S, Lukomska B, Janowski M. Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neurological Disorders. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2002944. [PMID: 33854883 PMCID: PMC8024997 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are becoming a growing burden as society ages, and there is a compelling need to address this spiraling problem. Stem cell-based regenerative medicine is becoming an increasingly attractive approach to designing therapies for such disorders. The unique characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) make them among the most sought after cell sources. Researchers have extensively studied the modulatory properties of MSCs and their engineering, labeling, and delivery methods to the brain. The first part of this review provides an overview of studies on the application of MSCs to various neurological diseases, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other less frequently studied clinical entities. In the second part, stem cell delivery to the brain is focused. This fundamental but still understudied problem needs to be overcome to apply stem cells to brain diseases successfully. Here the value of cell engineering is also emphasized to facilitate MSC diapedesis, migration, and homing to brain areas affected by the disease to implement precision medicine paradigms into stem cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Andrzejewska
- NeuroRepair DepartmentMossakowski Medical Research CentrePASWarsaw02‐106Poland
| | - Sylwia Dabrowska
- NeuroRepair DepartmentMossakowski Medical Research CentrePASWarsaw02‐106Poland
| | - Barbara Lukomska
- NeuroRepair DepartmentMossakowski Medical Research CentrePASWarsaw02‐106Poland
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- NeuroRepair DepartmentMossakowski Medical Research CentrePASWarsaw02‐106Poland
- Center for Advanced Imaging ResearchDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear MedicineUniversity of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD21201‐1595USA
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy ProgramUniversity of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of MarylandBaltimoreMD21201‐1595USA
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Zhou G, Wang Y, Gao S, Fu X, Cao Y, Peng Y, Zhuang J, Hu J, Shao A, Wang L. Potential Mechanisms and Perspectives in Ischemic Stroke Treatment Using Stem Cell Therapies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:646927. [PMID: 33869200 PMCID: PMC8047216 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.646927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) remains one of the major causes of death and disability due to the limited ability of central nervous system cells to regenerate and differentiate. Although several advances have been made in stroke therapies in the last decades, there are only a few approaches available to improve IS outcome. In the acute phase of IS, mechanical thrombectomy and the administration of tissue plasminogen activator have been widely used, while aspirin or clopidogrel represents the main therapy used in the subacute or chronic phase. However, in most cases, stroke patients fail to achieve satisfactory functional recovery under the treatments mentioned above. Recently, cell therapy, especially stem cell therapy, has been considered as a novel and potential therapeutic strategy to improve stroke outcome through mechanisms, including cell differentiation, cell replacement, immunomodulation, neural circuit reconstruction, and protective factor release. Different stem cell types, such as mesenchymal stem cells, marrow mononuclear cells, and neural stem cells, have also been considered for stroke therapy. In recent years, many clinical and preclinical studies on cell therapy have been carried out, and numerous results have shown that cell therapy has bright prospects in the treatment of stroke. However, some cell therapy issues are not yet fully understood, such as its optimal parameters including cell type choice, cell doses, and injection routes; therefore, a closer relationship between basic and clinical research is needed. In this review, the role of cell therapy in stroke treatment and its mechanisms was summarized, as well as the function of different stem cell types in stroke treatment and the clinical trials using stem cell therapy to cure stroke, to reveal future insights on stroke-related cell therapy, and to guide further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiongjie Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yucong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junwen Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Intra-arterial transplantation of stem cells in large animals as a minimally-invasive strategy for the treatment of disseminated neurodegeneration. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6581. [PMID: 33753789 PMCID: PMC7985204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85820-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation proved promising in animal models of neurological diseases; however, in conditions with disseminated pathology such as ALS, delivery of cells and their broad distribution is challenging. To address this problem, we explored intra-arterial (IA) delivery route, of stem cells. The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of MRI-guided transplantation of glial restricted precursors (GRPs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in dogs suffering from ALS-like disease, degenerative myelopathy (DM). Canine GRP transplantation in dogs resulted in rather poor retention in the brain, so MSCs were used in subsequent experiments. To evaluate the safety of MSC intraarterial transplantation, naïve pigs (n = 3) were used as a pre-treatment control before transplantation in dogs. Cells were labeled with iron oxide nanoparticles. For IA transplantation a 1.2-French microcatheter was advanced into the middle cerebral artery under roadmap guidance. Then, the cells were transplanted under real-time MRI with the acquisition of dynamic T2*-weighted images. The procedure in pigs has proven to be safe and histopathology has demonstrated the successful and predictable placement of transplanted porcine MSCs. Transplantation of canine MSCs in DM dogs resulted in their accumulation in the brain. Interventional and follow-up MRI proved the procedure was feasible and safe. Analysis of gene expression after transplantation revealed a reduction of inflammatory factors, which may indicate a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Faruk EM, Alasmari WA, Fouad H, Nafea OE, Hasan RAA. Extracellular vesicles derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells repair functional and structural rat adrenal gland damage induced by fluoride. Life Sci 2021; 270:119122. [PMID: 33508294 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The adrenal glands have striking morpho-biochemical features that render them vulnerable to the effects of toxins. AIMS This study was conducted to explore the therapeutic utility of extracellular vesicles derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-EVs) against fluoride-induced adrenal toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The work included isolation and further identification of BMSC-EVs by transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometric analysis. Adrenal toxicity in rats was induced by oral administration of 300 ppm of sodium fluoride (NaF) in drinking water for 60 days followed by a single dose injection of BMSC-EVs. The effects of BMSC-EVs against NaF was evaluated by adrenal oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers, hormonal assay of plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) and mRNA gene expression quantitation for adrenal cortical steroidogenic pathway-encoding genes. Histopathological examination of the adrenal tissue was performed. KEY FINDINGS BMSC-EVs were effectively isolated and characterized. NaF exposure decreased adrenal superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, increased adrenal malondialdehyde levels, elevated plasma ACTH, diminished CORT concentrations and downregulated the adrenal cortical steroidogenic pathway-encoding genes. In addition, NaF-induced marked adrenal histopathological lesions. SIGNIFICANCE BMSC-EVs treatment repaired damaged adrenal tissue and recovered its function greatly following NaF consumption. BMSC-EVs reversed the toxic effects of NaF and reprogramed injured adrenal cells by activating regenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Mohamed Faruk
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Hanan Fouad
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ola Elsayed Nafea
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rehab Abd Allah Hasan
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls (AFMG), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Bolli RA, Dasari C, Arshia A, Devadoss D, Guo Y, Ashraf U, Li Q. Physiological Oxygen Tension Enhances Competence and Functional Properties of Murine Cardiac Mesenchymal Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:900-910. [PMID: 33389682 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac mesenchymal cells (CMCs), a newly-discovered and promising type of progenitor cells, are effective in improving cardiac function in rodents after myocardial infarction. Stem/progenitor cells are usually cultured at atmospheric O2 tension (21%); however, the physiologic O2 tension in the heart is ~5%, raising the concern that 21% O2 may cause toxicity due to oxidative stress. Thus, we compared mouse CMCs cultured at 21% or 5% O2 beginning at passage 2. At passage 5, CMCs underwent severe hypoxic stress (1% O2 for 24 h). Compared with CMCs cultured at 21% O2, culture at 5% O2 consistently improved cell morphology throughout 5 passages, markedly decreased cell size, increased cell number, shortened cell doubling time, and dramatically reduced lactate dehydrogenase release from CMCs into culture media after hypoxic stress. Furthermore, culture at 5% O2 increased telomerase activity and telomere length, implying that 21% O2 tension impairs telomerase activity, resulting in telomere shortening and decreased cell proliferation. Thus far, almost all preclinical and clinical studies of cell therapy for the heart disease have used atmospheric (21%) O2 to culture cells. Our data challenge this paradigm. Our results demonstrate that, compared with 21% O2, 5% O2 tension greatly enhances the competence and functional properties of CMCs. The increased proliferation rate at 5% O2 means that target numbers of CMCs can be achieved with much less time and cost. Furthermore, since this increased proliferation may continue in vivo after CMC transplantation, and since cells grown at 5% O2 are markedly resistant to severe hypoxic stress, and thus may be better able to survive after transplantation into scarred regions of the heart where O2 is very low, culture at 5% O2 may enhance the reparative properties of CMCs (and possibly other cell types). In conclusion, our data support a change in the methods used to culture CMCs and possibly other progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robi Ar Bolli
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY, 40202, Louisville, USA
| | - Chandrashekhar Dasari
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY, 40202, Louisville, USA
| | - Asma Arshia
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY, 40202, Louisville, USA
| | - Dinesh Devadoss
- Department of Immunology and Nano-Medicine, Florida International University, FL, 33199, Miami, USA
| | - Yiru Guo
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY, 40202, Louisville, USA
| | - Usman Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY, 40202, Louisville, USA
| | - Qianhong Li
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY, 40202, Louisville, USA.
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Alexander JF, Seua AV, Arroyo LD, Ray PR, Wangzhou A, Heiβ-Lückemann L, Schedlowski M, Price TJ, Kavelaars A, Heijnen CJ. Nasal administration of mitochondria reverses chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficits. Theranostics 2021; 11:3109-3130. [PMID: 33537077 PMCID: PMC7847685 DOI: 10.7150/thno.53474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to seventy-five percent of patients treated for cancer suffer from cognitive deficits which can persist for months to decades, severely impairing quality of life. Although the number of cancer survivors is increasing tremendously, no efficacious interventions exist. Cisplatin, most commonly employed for solid tumors, leads to cognitive impairment including deficits in memory and executive functioning. We recently proposed deficient neuronal mitochondrial function as its underlying mechanism. We hypothesized nasal administration of mitochondria isolated from human mesenchymal stem cells to mice, can reverse cisplatin-induced cognitive deficits. Methods: Puzzle box, novel object place recognition and Y-maze tests were used to assess the cognitive function of mice. Immunofluorescence and high-resolution confocal microscopy were employed to trace the nasally delivered mitochondria and evaluate their effect on synaptic loss. Black Gold II immunostaining was used to determine myelin integrity. Transmission electron microscopy helped determine mitochondrial and membrane integrity of brain synaptosomes. RNA-sequencing was performed to analyse the hippocampal transcriptome. Results: Two nasal administrations of mitochondria isolated from human mesenchymal stem cells to mice, restored executive functioning, working and spatial memory. Confocal imaging revealed nasally delivered mitochondria rapidly arrived in the meninges where they were readily internalized by macrophages. The administered mitochondria also accessed the rostral migratory stream and various other brain regions including the hippocampus where they colocalized with GFAP+ cells. The restoration of cognitive function was associated with structural repair of myelin in the cingulate cortex and synaptic loss in the hippocampus. Nasal mitochondrial donation also reversed the underlying synaptosomal mitochondrial defects. Moreover, transcriptome analysis by RNA-sequencing showed reversal of cisplatin-induced changes in the expression of about seven hundred genes in the hippocampus. Pathway analysis identified Nrf2-mediated response as the top canonical pathway. Conclusion: Our results provide key evidence on the therapeutic potential of isolated mitochondria - restoring both brain structure and function, their capability to enter brain meninges and parenchyma upon nasal delivery and undergo rapid cellular internalization and alter the hippocampal transcriptome. Our data identify nasal administration of mitochondria as an effective strategy for reversing chemotherapy-induced cognitive deficits and restoring brain health, providing promise for the growing population of both adult and pediatric cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenolyn F. Alexander
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Alexandre V. Seua
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Luis D. Arroyo
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Pradipta R. Ray
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States
| | - Andi Wangzhou
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States
| | - Laura Heiβ-Lückemann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manfred Schedlowski
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Theodore J. Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, United States
| | - Annemieke Kavelaars
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Cobi J. Heijnen
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
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He L, Chen Z, Peng L, Tang B, Jiang H. Human stem cell models of polyglutamine diseases: Sources for disease models and cell therapy. Exp Neurol 2020; 337:113573. [PMID: 33347831 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are a group of neurodegenerative disorders involving expanded CAG repeats in pathogenic genes that are translated into extended polyQ tracts and lead to progressive neuronal degeneration in the affected brain. To date, there is no effective therapy for these diseases. Due to the complex pathologic mechanisms of these diseases, intensive research on the pathogenesis of their progression and potential treatment strategies is being conducted. However, animal models cannot recapitulate all aspects of neuronal degeneration. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), can be used to study the pathological mechanisms of polyQ diseases, and the ability of autologous stem cell transplantation to treat these diseases. Differentiated PSCs, neuronal precursor cells/neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are valuable resources for preclinical and clinical cell transplantation therapies. Here, we discuss diverse stem cell models and their ability to generate neurons involved in polyQ diseases, such as medium spiny neurons (MSNs), cortical neurons, cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) and motor neurons. In addition, we discuss potential therapeutic approaches, including stem cell replacement therapy and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang He
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Linliu Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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