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Daniel E, Deng F, Patel SK, Sedrak MS, Kim H, Razavi M, Sun C, Root JC, Ahles TA, Dale W, Chen BT. Altered gyrification in chemotherapy-treated older long-term breast cancer survivors. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3634. [PMID: 39169605 PMCID: PMC11339126 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this prospective longitudinal study was to evaluate the changes in brain surface gyrification in older long-term breast cancer survivors 5-15 years after chemotherapy treatment. METHODS Older breast cancer survivors aged ≥ 65 years treated with chemotherapy (C+) or without chemotherapy (C-) 5-15 years prior and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited (time point 1 (TP1)) and followed up for 2 years (time point 2 (TP2)). Study assessments for both time points included neuropsychological (NP) testing with the NIH Toolbox cognition battery and cortical gyrification analysis based on brain MRI. RESULTS The study cohort with data for both TP1 and TP2 consisted of the following: 10 participants for the C+ group, 12 participants for the C- group, and 13 participants for the HC group. The C+ group had increased gyrification in six local gyral regions including the right fusiform, paracentral, precuneus, superior, middle temporal gyri and left pars opercularis gyrus, and it had decreased gyrification in two local gyral regions from TP1 to TP2 (p < .05, Bonferroni corrected). The C- and HC groups showed decreased gyrification only (p < .05, Bonferroni corrected). In the C+ group, changes in right paracentral gyrification and crystalized composite scores were negatively correlated (R = -0.76, p = .01). CONCLUSIONS Altered gyrification could be the neural correlate of cognitive changes in older chemotherapy-treated long-term breast cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer Daniel
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Frank Deng
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sunita K. Patel
- Department of Population ScienceCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Mina S. Sedrak
- Department of Medical OncologyCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Heeyoung Kim
- Center for Cancer and AgingCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Marianne Razavi
- Department of Supportive Care MedicineCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Can‐Lan Sun
- Center for Cancer and AgingCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - James C. Root
- Neurocognitive Research LabMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Tim A. Ahles
- Neurocognitive Research LabMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - William Dale
- Center for Cancer and AgingCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Supportive Care MedicineCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Bihong T. Chen
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
- Center for Cancer and AgingCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
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2
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Saha P. Eigenvector Centrality Characterization on fMRI Data: Gender and Node Differences in Normal and ASD Subjects : Author name. J Autism Dev Disord 2024; 54:2757-2768. [PMID: 37142901 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-05922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
With the budding interests of structural and functional network characteristics as potential parameters for abnormal brains, an essential and thus simpler representation and evaluations have become necessary. Eigenvector centrality measure of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offer region wise network representations through fMRI diagnostic maps. The article investigates the suitability of network node centrality values to discriminate ASD subject groups compared to typically developing controls following a boxplot formalism and a classification and regression tree model. Region wise differences between normal and ASD subjects primarily belong to the frontoparietal, limbic, ventral attention, default mode and visual networks. The reduced number of regions-of-interests (ROI) clearly suggests the benefit of automated supervised machine learning algorithm over the manual classification method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papri Saha
- Department of Computer Science, Derozio Memorial College, Rajarhat Road, P.O. - R- Gopalpur, Kolkata, 700136, India.
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3
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Luders E, Gaser C, Spencer D, Thankamony A, Hughes I, Simpson H, Srirangalingam U, Gleeson H, Hines M, Kurth F. Cortical gyrification in women and men and the (missing) link to prenatal androgens. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 60:3995-4003. [PMID: 38733283 PMCID: PMC11260240 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported sex differences in cortical gyrification. Since most cortical folding is principally defined in utero, sex chromosomes as well as gonadal hormones are likely to influence sex-specific aspects of local gyrification. Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) causes high levels of androgens during gestation in females, whereas levels in males are largely within the typical male range. Therefore, CAH provides an opportunity to study the possible effects of prenatal androgens on cortical gyrification. Here, we examined the vertex-wise absolute mean curvature-a common estimate for cortical gyrification-in individuals with CAH (33 women and 20 men) and pair-wise matched controls (33 women and 20 men). There was no significant main effect of CAH and no significant CAH-by-sex interaction. However, there was a significant main effect of sex in five cortical regions, where gyrification was increased in women compared to men. These regions were located on the lateral surface of the brain, specifically left middle frontal (rostral and caudal), right inferior frontal, left inferior parietal, and right occipital. There was no cortical region where gyrification was increased in men compared to women. Our findings do not only confirm prior reports of increased cortical gyrification in female brains but also suggest that cortical gyrification is not significantly affected by prenatal androgen exposure. Instead, cortical gyrification might be determined by sex chromosomes either directly or indirectly-the latter potentially by affecting the underlying architecture of the cortex or the size of the intracranial cavity, which is smaller in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Luders
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75237, Sweden
- Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS), Uppsala 75238, Sweden
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, USA
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany
| | - Debra Spencer
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB23RQ, UK
| | - Ajay Thankamony
- Department of Paediatrics, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20QQ, UK
- Weston Centre for Paediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20QQ, UK
| | - Ieuan Hughes
- Department of Paediatrics, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20QQ, UK
| | - Helen Simpson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University College Hospital London, London NW12BU, UK
| | | | | | - Melissa Hines
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB23RQ, UK
| | - Florian Kurth
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Departments of Neuroradiology and Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
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4
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You W, Li Q, Chen L, He N, Li Y, Long F, Wang Y, Chen Y, McNamara RK, Sweeney JA, DelBello MP, Gong Q, Li F. Common and distinct cortical thickness alterations in youth with autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. BMC Med 2024; 22:92. [PMID: 38433204 PMCID: PMC10910790 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental disorders with overlapping behavioral features and genetic etiology. While brain cortical thickness (CTh) alterations have been reported in ASD and ADHD separately, the degree to which ASD and ADHD are associated with common and distinct patterns of CTh changes is unclear. METHODS We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct from inception to 8 December 2023 and included studies of cortical thickness comparing youth (age less than 18) with ASD or ADHD with typically developing controls (TDC). We conducted a comparative meta-analysis of vertex-based studies to identify common and distinct CTh alterations in ASD and ADHD. RESULTS Twelve ASD datasets involving 458 individuals with ASD and 10 ADHD datasets involving 383 individuals with ADHD were included in the analysis. Compared to TDC, ASD showed increased CTh in bilateral superior frontal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, and right superior parietal lobule (SPL) and decreased CTh in right temporoparietal junction (TPJ). ADHD showed decreased CTh in bilateral precentral gyri, right postcentral gyrus, and right TPJ relative to TDC. Conjunction analysis showed both disorders shared reduced TPJ CTh located in default mode network (DMN). Comparative analyses indicated ASD had greater CTh in right SPL and TPJ located in dorsal attention network and thinner CTh in right TPJ located in ventral attention network than ADHD. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest shared thinner TPJ located in DMN is an overlapping neurobiological feature of ASD and ADHD. This alteration together with SPL alterations might be related to altered biological motion processing in ASD, while abnormalities in sensorimotor systems may contribute to behavioral control problems in ADHD. The disorder-specific thinner TPJ located in disparate attention networks provides novel insight into distinct symptoms of attentional deficits associated with the two neurodevelopmental disorders. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022370620. Registered on November 9, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanfang You
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhou Chen
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning He
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghua Long
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufei Chen
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert K McNamara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA
| | - Melissa P DelBello
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45219, USA
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Cornwell H, Toschi N, Hamilton-Giachritsis C, Staginnus M, Smaragdi A, Gonzalez-Madruga K, Mackes N, Rogers J, Martinelli A, Kohls G, Raschle NM, Konrad K, Stadler C, Freitag CM, De Brito SA, Fairchild G. Identifying cortical structure markers of resilience to adversity in young people using surface-based morphometry. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2024; 19:nsae006. [PMID: 38287706 PMCID: PMC10868125 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research on the neurobiological bases of resilience in youth has largely used categorical definitions of resilience and voxel-based morphometry methods that assess gray matter volume. However, it is important to consider brain structure more broadly as different cortical properties have distinct developmental trajectories. To address these limitations, we used surface-based morphometry and data-driven, continuous resilience scores to examine associations between resilience and cortical structure. Structural MRI data from 286 youths (Mage = 13.6 years, 51% female) who took part in the European multi-site FemNAT-CD study were pre-processed and analyzed using surface-based morphometry. Continuous resilience scores were derived for each participant based on adversity exposure and levels of psychopathology using the residual regression method. Vertex-wise analyses assessed for correlations between resilience scores and cortical thickness, surface area, gyrification and volume. Resilience scores were positively associated with right lateral occipital surface area and right superior frontal gyrification and negatively correlated with left inferior temporal surface area. Moreover, sex-by-resilience interactions were observed for gyrification in frontal and temporal regions. Our findings extend previous research by revealing that resilience is related to surface area and gyrification in frontal, occipital and temporal regions that are implicated in emotion regulation and face or object recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Cornwell
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, 10 West, Claverton Down, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Nicola Toschi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Viale Montpellier, Rome 1 – 00133, Italy
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | | | - Marlene Staginnus
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, 10 West, Claverton Down, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Areti Smaragdi
- Child Development Institute, 197 Euclid Ave., Toronto, Ontario, M6J 2J8, Canada
| | - Karen Gonzalez-Madruga
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, Hendon, London NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Nuria Mackes
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Jack Rogers
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Anne Martinelli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Deutschordenstrasse 50, Frankfurt am Main 60528, Germany
- Fresenius University of Applied Sciences, School of Psychology, Marienburgstrasse 6, Frankfurt am Main 60528, Germany
| | - Gregor Kohls
- Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Nora Maria Raschle
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Basel, Psychiatric University Hospital, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, Basel 4002, Switzerland
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development at the University of Zurich, Andreasstrasse 15, Zurich 8050, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Konrad
- Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen 52074, Germany
- JARA-Brain Institute II, Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, RWTH Aachen and Research Centre Juelich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Juelich 52425, Germany
| | - Christina Stadler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Basel, Psychiatric University Hospital, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Christine M Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Deutschordenstrasse 50, Frankfurt am Main 60528, Germany
| | - Stephane A De Brito
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Graeme Fairchild
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, 10 West, Claverton Down, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY, UK
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6
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Ma SY, Liu YT, Cun YS, Wang Q, Fu MC, Wu KD, Cai XY, Cheng ST, Patel N, Da M, Hu L, Deqin Z, Kang XJ, Yang M, Mo XM. Preoperative serum cortisone levels are associated with cognition in preschool-aged children with tetralogy of Fallot after corrective surgery: new evidence from human populations and mice. World J Pediatr 2024; 20:173-184. [PMID: 37737505 PMCID: PMC10884142 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-023-00754-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Children with TOF would be confronted with neurological impairment across their lifetime. Our study aimed to identify the risk factors for cerebral morphology changes and cognition in postoperative preschool-aged children with TOF. METHODS We used mass spectrometry (MS) technology to assess the levels of serum metabolites, Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence-Fourth edition (WPPSI-IV) index scores to evaluate neurodevelopmental levels and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect cortical morphological changes. RESULTS Multiple linear regression showed that preoperative levels of serum cortisone were positively correlated with the gyrification index of the left inferior parietal gyrus in children with TOF and negatively related to their lower visual spaces index and nonverbal index. Meanwhile, preoperative SpO2 was negatively correlated with levels of serum cortisone after adjusting for all covariates. Furthermore, after intervening levels of cortisone in chronic hypoxic model mice, total brain volumes were reduced at both postnatal (P) 11.5 and P30 days. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that preoperative serum cortisone levels could be used as a biomarker of neurodevelopmental impairment in children with TOF. Our study findings emphasized that preoperative levels of cortisone could influence cerebral development and cognition abilities in children with TOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yu-Ting Liu
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yue-Shuang Cun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ming-Cui Fu
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ke-De Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xin-Yu Cai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shu-Ting Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Nishant Patel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Min Da
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhuoga Deqin
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xue-Jun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Research Center For Learning Science, School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xu-Ming Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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7
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Leyhausen J, Schäfer T, Gurr C, Berg LM, Seelemeyer H, Pretzsch CM, Loth E, Oakley B, Buitelaar JK, Beckmann CF, Floris DL, Charman T, Bourgeron T, Banaschewski T, Jones EJH, Tillmann J, Chatham C, Murphy DG, Ecker C. Differences in Intrinsic Gray Matter Connectivity and Their Genomic Underpinnings in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:175-186. [PMID: 37348802 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition accompanied by differences in brain connectivity. Structural connectivity in autism has mainly been investigated within the white matter. However, many genetic variants associated with autism highlight genes related to synaptogenesis and axonal guidance, thus also implicating differences in intrinsic (i.e., gray matter) connections in autism. Intrinsic connections may be assessed in vivo via so-called intrinsic global and local wiring costs. METHODS Here, we examined intrinsic global and local wiring costs in the brain of 359 individuals with autism and 279 healthy control participants ages 6 to 30 years from the EU-AIMS LEAP (Longitudinal European Autism Project). FreeSurfer was used to derive surface mesh representations to compute the estimated length of connections required to wire the brain within the gray matter. Vertexwise between-group differences were assessed using a general linear model. A gene expression decoding analysis based on the Allen Human Brain Atlas was performed to link neuroanatomical differences to putative underpinnings. RESULTS Group differences in global and local wiring costs were predominantly observed in medial and lateral prefrontal brain regions, in inferior temporal regions, and at the left temporoparietal junction. The resulting neuroanatomical patterns were enriched for genes that had been previously implicated in the etiology of autism at genetic and transcriptomic levels. CONCLUSIONS Based on intrinsic gray matter connectivity, the current study investigated the complex neuroanatomy of autism and linked between-group differences to putative genomic and/or molecular mechanisms to parse the heterogeneity of autism and provide targets for future subgrouping approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Leyhausen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Tim Schäfer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Caroline Gurr
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lisa M Berg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hanna Seelemeyer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Charlotte M Pretzsch
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Loth
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bethany Oakley
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian F Beckmann
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dorothea L Floris
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tony Charman
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Institut Pasteur, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions Unit, Paris, France
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Emily J H Jones
- Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Tillmann
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chris Chatham
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Declan G Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Ecker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Shen L, Zhang J, Fan S, Ping L, Yu H, Xu F, Cheng Y, Xu X, Yang C, Zhou C. Cortical thickness abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:65-77. [PMID: 36542200 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The pathological mechanism of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains unclear. Nowadays, surface-based morphometry (SBM) based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) techniques have reported cortical thickness (CT) variations in ASD. However, the findings were inconsistent and heterogeneous. This current meta-analysis conducted a whole-brain vertex-wise coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) on CT studies to explore the most noticeable and robust CT changes in ASD individuals by applying the seed-based d mapping (SDM) program. A total of 26 investigations comprised 27 datasets were included, containing 1,635 subjects with ASD and 1470 HC, along with 94 coordinates. Individuals with ASD exhibited significantly altered CT in several regions compared to HC, including four clusters with thicker CT in the right superior temporal gyrus (STG.R), the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG.L), the left anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyri, the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG.R, medial orbital parts), as well as three clusters with cortical thinning including the left parahippocampal gyrus (PHG.L), the right precentral gyrus (PCG.R) and the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG.L). Adults with ASD only demonstrated CT thinning in the right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG.R), revealed by subgroup meta-analyses. Meta-regression analyses found that CT in STG.R was positively correlated with age. Meanwhile, CT in MFG.L and PHG.L had negative correlations with the age of ASD individuals. These results suggested a complicated and atypical cortical development trajectory in ASD, and would provide a deeper understanding of the neural mechanism underlying the cortical morphology in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liancheng Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Shiran Fan
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Liangliang Ping
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Yu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fangfang Xu
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yuqi Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiufeng Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
| | - Cong Zhou
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
- Department of Psychology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
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Ćirović M, Jeličić L, Maksimović S, Fatić S, Marisavljević M, Bošković Matić T, Subotić M. EEG Correlates of Cognitive Functions in a Child with ASD and White Matter Signal Abnormalities: A Case Report with Two-and-a-Half-Year Follow-Up. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2878. [PMID: 37761245 PMCID: PMC10529253 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13182878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to examine the EEG correlates of different stimuli processing instances in a child with ASD and white matter signal abnormalities and to investigate their relationship to the results of behavioral tests. The prospective case study reports two and a half years of follow-up data from a child aged 38 to 66 months. Cognitive, speech-language, sensory, and EEG correlates of auditory-verbal and auditory-visual-verbal information processing were recorded during five test periods, and their mutual interrelation was analyzed. EEG findings revealed no functional theta frequency range redistribution in the frontal regions favoring the left hemisphere during speech processing. The results pointed to a positive linear trend in the relative theta frequency range and a negative linear trend in the relative alpha frequency range when listening to and watching the cartoon. There was a statistically significant correlation between EEG signals and behavioral test results. Based on the obtained results, it may be concluded that EEG signals and their association with the results of behavioral tests should be evaluated with certain restraints considering the characteristics of the stimuli during EEG recording.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Ćirović
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Jeličić
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Maksimović
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saška Fatić
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maša Marisavljević
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Institute for Experimental Phonetics and Speech Pathology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Bošković Matić
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Centre of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Miško Subotić
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Research and Development Institute “Life Activities Advancement Institute”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.Ć.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
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Chavoshnejad P, Vallejo L, Zhang S, Guo Y, Dai W, Zhang T, Razavi MJ. Mechanical hierarchy in the formation and modulation of cortical folding patterns. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13177. [PMID: 37580340 PMCID: PMC10425471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40086-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The important mechanical parameters and their hierarchy in the growth and folding of the human brain have not been thoroughly understood. In this study, we developed a multiscale mechanical model to investigate how the interplay between initial geometrical undulations, differential tangential growth in the cortical plate, and axonal connectivity form and regulate the folding patterns of the human brain in a hierarchical order. To do so, different growth scenarios with bilayer spherical models that features initial undulations on the cortex and uniform or heterogeneous distribution of axonal fibers in the white matter were developed, statistically analyzed, and validated by the imaging observations. The results showed that the differential tangential growth is the inducer of cortical folding, and in a hierarchal order, high-amplitude initial undulations on the surface and axonal fibers in the substrate regulate the folding patterns and determine the location of gyri and sulci. The locations with dense axonal fibers after folding settle in gyri rather than sulci. The statistical results also indicated that there is a strong correlation between the location of positive (outward) and negative (inward) initial undulations and the locations of gyri and sulci after folding, respectively. In addition, the locations of 3-hinge gyral folds are strongly correlated with the initial positive undulations and locations of dense axonal fibers. As another finding, it was revealed that there is a correlation between the density of axonal fibers and local gyrification index, which has been observed in imaging studies but not yet fundamentally explained. This study is the first step in understanding the linkage between abnormal gyrification (surface morphology) and disruption in connectivity that has been observed in some brain disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder. Moreover, the findings of the study directly contribute to the concept of the regularity and variability of folding patterns in individual human brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorya Chavoshnejad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Liam Vallejo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Songyao Zhang
- Brain Decoding Research Center and School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanchen Guo
- Department of Computer Science, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Weiying Dai
- Department of Computer Science, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Brain Decoding Research Center and School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mir Jalil Razavi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
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11
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Daniel E, Deng F, Patel SK, Sedrak MS, Kim H, Razavi M, Sun CL, Root JC, Ahles TA, Dale W, Chen BT. Altered gyrification in chemotherapy-treated older long-term breast cancer survivors. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2697378. [PMID: 37090667 PMCID: PMC10120747 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2697378/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this prospective longitudinal study was to evaluate the changes in brain surface gyrification in older long-term breast cancer survivors 5 to 15 years after chemotherapy treatment. Methods Older breast cancer survivors aged ≥ 65 years treated with chemotherapy (C+) or without chemotherapy (C-) 5-15 years prior and age & sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited (time point 1 (TP1)) and followed up for 2 years (time point 2 (TP2)). Study assessments for both time points included neuropsychological (NP) testing with the NIH Toolbox cognition battery and cortical gyrification analysis based on brain MRI. Results The study cohort with data for both TP1 and TP2 consisted of the following: 10 participants for the C+ group, 12 participants for the C- group, and 13 participants for the HC group. The C+ group had increased gyrification in 6 local gyrus regions including the right fusiform, paracentral, precuneus, superior, middle temporal gyri and left pars opercularis gyrus, and it had decreased gyrification in 2 local gyrus regions from TP1 to TP2 (p < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). The C- and HC groups showed decreased gyrification only (p < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). In C+ group, changes in right paracentral gyrification and crystalized composite scores were negatively correlated (R = -0.76, p = 0.01). Conclusions Altered gyrification could be the neural correlate of cognitive changes in older chemotherapy-treated long-term breast cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank Deng
- City of Hope National Medical Center: City of Hope
| | | | | | - Heeyoung Kim
- City of Hope National Medical Center: City of Hope
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Bachmann T, Schroeter ML, Chen K, Reiman EM, Weise CM. Longitudinal changes in surface based brain morphometry measures in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 38:103371. [PMID: 36924681 PMCID: PMC10025277 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with marked brain atrophy. While commonly used structural MRI imaging methods do not account for the complexity of human brain morphology, little is known about the longitudinal changes of cortical geometry and their relationship with cognitive decline in subjects with AD. METHODS Data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were used to perform two-sample t-tests to investigate longitudinal changes of cortical thickness (CTh) and three surface-based morphometry measures: fractal dimension (i.e. cortical complexity; FD), gyrification index (GI), and sulcal depth (SD) in subjects with AD, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) in comparison to cognitively unimpaired controls (CU) in baseline and 2-year follow-up sMRI scans. In addition, correlations of the morphological measures with two-year cognitive decline as assessed by the modified AD Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog 11) were calculated via regression analyses. RESULTS Compared to CU, both AD and aMCI showed marked decreases in CTh. In contrast, analyses of FD and GI yielded a more nuanced decline of the respective measures with some areas showing increases in FD and GI. Overall changes in FD and GI were more pronounced in AD as compared to aMCI. Analyses of SD yielded widespread decreases. Interestingly, cognitive decline corresponded well with CTh declines in aMCI but not AD, whereas changes in FD corresponded with AD only but not aMCI, whereas GI and SD were associated with cognitive decline in aMCI and AD. CONCLUSION Patterns of longitudinal changes in FD, GI and SD were only partially overlapping with CTh reductions. In AD, surface-based morphometry measures for brain-surface complexity showed better correspondence than CTh with cognitive decline over a two-year period of time. Being drawn from measures reflecting changes in more intricate aspects of human brain morphology, these data provide new insight into the complexity of AD-related brain atrophy and its relationship with cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bachmann
- University of Leipzig Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Germany.
| | - Matthias L Schroeter
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Department of Neurology, Leipzig, Germany; Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; School of Mathematics and Statistics (KC), Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center (EMR), Arizona State University, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Medicine - Phoenix (KC), Department of Psychiatry (EMR), University of Arizona, USA
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Medicine - Phoenix (KC), Department of Psychiatry (EMR), University of Arizona, USA; Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, University of Arizona, and Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Banner-Arizona State University Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, BioDesign Institute, Arizona State, University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Christopher M Weise
- University of Leipzig Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Germany; University of Halle Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Germany
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Berkins S, Koshy B, Livingstone RS, Jasper A, Grace H, Ravibabu P, Rai E. Morphometric analysis of Corpus Callosum in autistic and typically developing Indian children. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 328:111580. [PMID: 36481591 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Corpus callosum (CC) is the largest commissural white matter bundle in the brain, responsible for the integration of information between hemispheres. Reduction in the size of the CC structure has been predominantly reported in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to typically developing children (TD). However, most of these studies are based on high-functioning individuals with ASD but not on an inclusive sample of individuals with ASD with varying abilities. Our current study aimed to examine the CC morphometry between children with ASD and TD in the Indian population. We also compared CC morphometry in autistic children with autism severity, verbal IQ (VIQ) and full-scale IQ (FSIQ). T1-weighted structural images were acquired using a 3T MRI scanner to examine the CC measures in 62 ASD and 17 TD children. The length and height of the CC and the width of genu were decreased in children with ASD compared to TD. There was no significant difference in CC measures based on autism severity, VIQ or FSIQ among children with ASD. To our knowledge, this is the first neuroimaging study to include a significant number (n = 56) of low-functioning ASD children. Our findings suggest the atypical interhemispheric connectivity of CC in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Berkins
- Department of Developmental Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Beena Koshy
- Department of Developmental Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Roshan S Livingstone
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore 632004, India
| | - Anitha Jasper
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore 632004, India
| | - Hannah Grace
- Department of Developmental Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Preethi Ravibabu
- Department of Developmental Paediatrics, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ekta Rai
- Department of Anaesthesia, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore 632004, India
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Halls D, Leppanen J, Kerr‐Gaffney J, Simic M, Nicholls D, Mandy W, Williams S, Tchanturia K. Examining the relationship between autistic spectrum disorder characteristics and structural brain differences seen in anorexia nervosa. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2022; 30:459-473. [PMID: 35570362 PMCID: PMC9546313 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cortical differences have been reported in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) compared with healthy controls (HC); however, it is unclear if Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) characteristics are related to these cortical differences. The aim of this study was to examine if structural measures were correlated to ASD traits in AN. In total 184 female participants participated in the study; 57 acutely underweight AN participants (AAN), 59 weight-restored participants (WR) and 68 HC. Participants underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging as well as completing the Autism Diagnostic Observation schedule, second edition to examine ASD characteristics. Group differences in curvature, gyrification, surface area, thickness, global grey matter and white matter were measured. Correlation and regression analysis were conducted to examine the relationship between cortical measures and ASD characteristics. Two decreased gyrification clusters in the right post central and supramarginal gyrus and decreased global grey matter were observed in the AAN group compared to HC and WR. No correlations between ASD traits and structural measures existed. Our results suggest structural differences seen in individuals with AN do not appear to be related to ASD characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Halls
- King's College London (KCL), Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN)Psychological MedicineLondonUK
| | - Jenni Leppanen
- King's College LondonCentre for Neuroimaging SciencesLondonUK
| | - Jess Kerr‐Gaffney
- King's College London (KCL), Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN)Psychological MedicineLondonUK
| | - Mima Simic
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | | | - William Mandy
- Division of Psychology and Language SciencesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Steven Williams
- King's College LondonCentre for Neuroimaging SciencesLondonUK
| | - Kate Tchanturia
- King's College London (KCL), Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN)Psychological MedicineLondonUK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- Psychology DepartmentIllia State UniversityTbilisiGeorgia
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Durkut M, Blok E, Suleri A, White T. The longitudinal bidirectional relationship between autistic traits and brain morphology from childhood to adolescence: a population-based cohort study. Mol Autism 2022; 13:31. [PMID: 35790991 PMCID: PMC9258195 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-022-00504-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Autistic traits are associated with alterations in brain morphology. However, the anatomic location of these differences and their developmental trajectories are unclear. The primary objective of this longitudinal study was to explore the bidirectional relationship between autistic traits and brain morphology from childhood to adolescence. Method Participants were drawn from a population-based cohort. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses included 1950 (mean age 13.5) and 304 participants (mean ages 6.2 and 13.5), respectively. Autistic traits were measured with the Social Responsiveness Scale. Global brain measures and surface-based measures of gyrification, cortical thickness and surface area were obtained from T1-weighted MRI scans. Cross-sectional associations were assessed using linear regression analyses. Cross-lagged panel models were used to determine the longitudinal bidirectional relationship between autistic traits and brain morphology. Results Cross-sectionally, higher levels of autistic traits in adolescents are associated with lower gyrification in the pars opercularis, insula and superior temporal cortex; smaller surface area in the middle temporal and postcentral cortex; larger cortical thickness in the superior frontal cortex; and smaller cerebellum cortex volume. Longitudinally, both autistic traits and brain measures were quite stable, with neither brain measures predicting changes in autistic traits, nor vice-versa. Limitations Autistic traits were assessed at only two time points, and thus we could not distinguish within- versus between-person effects. Furthermore, two different MRI scanners were used between baseline and follow-up for imaging data acquisition. Conclusions Our findings point to early changes in brain morphology in children with autistic symptoms that remain quite stable over time. The observed relationship did not change substantially after excluding children with high levels of autistic traits, bolstering the evidence for the extension of the neurobiology of autistic traits to the general population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13229-022-00504-7.
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Maternal psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and structural changes of the human fetal brain. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2022; 2:47. [PMID: 35647608 PMCID: PMC9135751 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00111-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Elevated maternal psychological distress during pregnancy is linked to adverse outcomes in offspring. The potential effects of intensified levels of maternal distress during the COVID-19 pandemic on the developing fetal brain are currently unknown.
Methods
We prospectively enrolled 202 pregnant women: 65 without known COVID-19 exposures during the pandemic who underwent 92 fetal MRI scans, and 137 pre-pandemic controls who had 182 MRI scans. Multi-plane, multi-phase single shot fast spin echo T2-weighted images were acquired on a GE 1.5 T MRI Scanner. Volumes of six brain tissue types were calculated. Cortical folding measures, including brain surface area, local gyrification index, and sulcal depth were determined. At each MRI scan, maternal distress was assessed using validated stress, anxiety, and depression scales. Generalized estimating equations were utilized to compare maternal distress measures, brain volume and cortical folding differences between pandemic and pre-pandemic cohorts.
Results
Stress and depression scores are significantly higher in the pandemic cohort, compared to the pre-pandemic cohort. Fetal white matter, hippocampal, and cerebellar volumes are decreased in the pandemic cohort. Cortical surface area and local gyrification index are also decreased in all four lobes, while sulcal depth is lower in the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes in the pandemic cohort, indicating delayed brain gyrification.
Conclusions
We report impaired fetal brain growth and delayed cerebral cortical gyrification in COVID-19 pandemic era pregnancies, in the setting of heightened maternal psychological distress. The potential long-term neurodevelopmental consequences of altered fetal brain development in COVID-era pregnancies merit further study.
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Lai H, Kong X, Zhao Y, Pan N, Zhang X, He M, Wang S, Gong Q. Patterns of a structural covariance network associated with dispositional optimism during late adolescence. Neuroimage 2022; 251:119009. [PMID: 35182752 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dispositional optimism (hereinafter, optimism), as a vital character strength, reflects the tendency to hold generalized positive expectancies for future outcomes. A great number of studies have consistently shown the importance of optimism to a spectrum of physical and mental health outcomes. However, less attention has been given to the intrinsic neurodevelopmental patterns associated with interindividual differences in optimism. Here, we investigated this important question in a large sample comprising 231 healthy adolescents (16-20 years old) via structural magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral tests. We constructed individual structural covariance networks based on cortical gyrification using a recent novel approach combining probability density estimation and Kullback-Leibler divergence and estimated global (global efficiency, local efficiency and small-worldness) and regional (betweenness centrality) properties of these constructed networks using graph theoretical analysis. Partial correlations adjusted for age, sex and estimated total intracranial volume showed that optimism was positively related to global and local efficiency but not small-worldness. Partial least squares correlations indicated that optimism was positively linked to a pronounced betweenness centrality pattern, in which twelve cognition-, emotion-, and motivation-related regions made robust and reliable contributions. These findings remained basically consistent after additionally controlling for family socioeconomic status and showed significant correlations with optimism scores from 2.5 years before, which replicated the main findings. The current work, for the first time, delineated characteristics of the cortical gyrification covariance network associated with optimism, extending previous neurobiological understandings of optimism, which may navigate the development of interventions on a neural network level aimed at raising optimism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lai
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangzhen Kong
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- School of Education and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min He
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Sasabayashi D, Takayanagi Y, Takahashi T, Furuichi A, Kobayashi H, Noguchi K, Suzuki M. Increased brain gyrification and subsequent relapse in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:937605. [PMID: 36032231 PMCID: PMC9406142 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.937605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most schizophrenia patients experience psychotic relapses, which may compromise long-term outcome. However, it is difficult to objectively assess the actual risk of relapse for each patient as the biological changes underlying relapse remain unknown. The present study used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the relationship between brain gyrification pattern and subsequent relapse in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. The subjects consisted of 19 patients with and 33 patients without relapse during a 3-year clinical follow-up after baseline MRI scanning. Using FreeSurfer software, we compared the local gyrification index (LGI) between the relapsed and non-relapsed groups. In the relapsed group, we also explored the relationship among LGI and the number of relapses and time to first relapse after MRI scanning. Relapsed patients exhibited a significantly higher LGI in the bilateral parietal and left occipital areas than non-relapsed patients. In addition, the time to first relapse was negatively correlated with LGI in the right inferior temporal cortex. These findings suggest that increased LGI in the temporo-parieto-occipital regions in first-episode schizophrenia patients may be a potential prognostic biomarker that reflects relapse susceptibility in the early course of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Takayanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Arisawabashi Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Furuichi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Haruko Kobayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kyo Noguchi
- Department of Radiology, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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19
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Jiménez de la Peña M, Fernández-Mayoralas DM, López-Martín S, Albert J, Calleja-Pérez B, Fernández-Perrone AL, Jiménez de Domingo A, Tirado P, Álvarez S, Fernández-Jaén A. Abnormal frontal gyrification pattern and uncinate development in patients with KBG syndrome caused by ANKRD11 aberrations. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2021; 35:8-15. [PMID: 34547584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
KBG syndrome is characterized by dental, craniofacial and skeletal anomalies, short stature and global developmental delay or intellectual disability. It is caused by microdeletions or truncating mutations of ANKRD11. We report four unrelated probands with this syndrome due to de novo ANKRD11 aberrations that may contribute to a better understanding of the genetics and pathophysiology of this autosomal dominant syndrome. Clinical, cognitive and MRI assessments were performed. Three of the patients showed normal intellectual functioning, whereas the fourth had a borderline level of intellectual functioning. However, all of them showed deficits in various cognitive and socioemotional processes such as attention, executive functions, empathy or pragmatic language. Moreover, all probands displayed marked asymmetry of the uncinate fascicles and an abnormal gyrification pattern in the left frontal lobe. Thus, structural neuroimaging anomalies seem to have been overlooked in this syndrome. Disturbed frontal gyrification and/or lower structural integrity of the uncinate fascisulus might be unrecognized neuroimaging features of KBG syndrome caused by ANKRD11 aberrations. Present results also point out that this syndrome is not necessarily associated with global developmental delay and intellectual disability, but it can be related to other neurodevelopmental disorders or subclinical levels of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, communication disorders or specific learning disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara López-Martín
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Neuromottiva, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacobo Albert
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Pilar Tirado
- Department of Pediatric Neurology. Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Álvarez
- Genomics and Medicine, NIMGenetics, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Jaén
- Department of Pediatric Neurology. Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud, Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Gharehgazlou A, Vandewouw M, Ziolkowski J, Wong J, Crosbie J, Schachar R, Nicolson R, Georgiades S, Kelley E, Ayub M, Hammill C, Ameis SH, Taylor MJ, Lerch JP, Anagnostou E. Cortical Gyrification Morphology in ASD and ADHD: Implication for Further Similarities or Disorder-Specific Features? Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:2332-2342. [PMID: 34550324 PMCID: PMC9157290 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Shared etiological pathways are suggested in ASD and ADHD given high rates of comorbidity, phenotypic overlap and shared genetic susceptibility. Given the peak of cortical gyrification expansion and emergence of ASD and ADHD symptomology in early development, we investigated gyrification morphology in 539 children and adolescents (6–17 years of age) with ASD (n=197) and ADHD (n=96) compared to typically developing controls (n=246) using the local Gyrification Index (lGI) to provide insight into contributing etiopathological factors in these two disorders. We also examined IQ effects and functional implications of gyrification by exploring the relation between lGI and ASD and ADHD symptomatology beyond diagnosis. General Linear Models yielded no group differences in lGI, and across groups, we identified an age-related decrease of lGI and greater lGI in females compared to males. No diagnosis-by-age interactions were found. Accounting for IQ variability in the model (n=484) yielded similar results. No significant associations were found between lGI and social communication deficits, repetitive and restricted behaviours, inattention or adaptive functioning. By examining both disorders and controls using shared methodology, we found no evidence of atypicality in gyrification as measured by the lGI in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avideh Gharehgazlou
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto M4G 1R8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Marlee Vandewouw
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto M5G 0A4, Canada.,Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada.,Autism Research Centre, Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto M4G 1R8, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Justine Ziolkowski
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto M5G 0A4, Canada.,Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal H4H 1R3, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Jimmy Wong
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Psychiatry Research, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Russell Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Rob Nicolson
- The Children's Health Research Institute and Western University, London N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Stelios Georgiades
- Offord Centre for Child Studies & Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton L8N 3K7, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Kelley
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston K7L7X3, Canada
| | - Christopher Hammill
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto M5G 0A4, Canada.,Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5T 3H7, Canada
| | - Stephanie H Ameis
- Program in Brain and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 1X8 , Canada.,The Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth, & Family Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto M6J 1H4, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Margot J Taylor
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada.,Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto M5G 0A4, Canada.,Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1W7, Canada
| | - Jason P Lerch
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1L7, Canada.,Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto M4G 1R8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada.,Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto M5G 0A4, Canada
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21
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Alemany S, Blok E, Jansen PR, Muetzel RL, White T. Brain morphology, autistic traits, and polygenic risk for autism: A population-based neuroimaging study. Autism Res 2021; 14:2085-2099. [PMID: 34309210 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are associated with widespread brain alterations. Previous research in our group linked autistic traits with altered gyrification, but without pronounced differences in cortical thickness. Herein, we aim to replicate and extend these findings using a larger and older sample. Additionally, we examined whether (a) brain correlates of autistic traits were associated with polygenic risk scores (PRS) for ASD, and (b) autistic traits are related with brain morphological changes over time in a subset of children with longitudinal data available. The sample included 2400 children from the Generation R cohort. Autistic traits were measured using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) at age 6 years. Gyrification, cortical thickness, surface area, and global morphological measures were obtained from high-resolution structural MRI scans at ages 9-to-12 years. We performed multiple linear regression analyses on a vertex-wise level. Corresponding regions of interest were tested for association with PRS. Results showed that autistic traits were related to (a) lower gyrification in the lateral occipital and the superior and inferior parietal lobes, (b) lower cortical thickness in the superior frontal region, and (c) lower surface area in inferior temporal and rostral middle frontal regions. PRS for ASD and longitudinal analyses showed significant associations that did not survive correction for multiple testing. Our findings support stability in the relationship between higher autistic symptoms and lower gyrification and smaller surface areas in school-aged children. These relationships remained when excluding ASD cases, providing neurobiological evidence for the extension of autistic traits into the general population. LAY SUMMARY: We found that school-aged children with higher levels of autistic traits had smaller total brain volume, cerebellum, cortical thickness, and surface area. Further, we also found differences in the folding patterns of the brain (gyrification). Overall, genetic susceptibility for autism spectrum disorders was not related to these brain regions suggesting that other factors could be involved in their origin. These results remained significant when excluding children with a diagnosis of ASD, providing support for the extension of the relationship between autistic traits and brain findings into the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Alemany
- IS Global, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabet Blok
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip R Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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22
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Guarnera A, Bottino F, Napolitano A, Sforza G, Cappa M, Chioma L, Pasquini L, Rossi-Espagnet MC, Lucignani G, Figà-Talamanca L, Carducci C, Ruscitto C, Valeriani M, Longo D, Papetti L. Early alterations of cortical thickness and gyrification in migraine without aura: a retrospective MRI study in pediatric patients. J Headache Pain 2021; 22:79. [PMID: 34294048 PMCID: PMC8296718 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Migraine is the most common neurological disease, with high social-economical burden. Although there is growing evidence of brain structural and functional abnormalities in patients with migraine, few studies have been conducted on children and no studies investigating cortical gyrification have been conducted on pediatric patients affected by migraine without aura. Methods Seventy-two pediatric patients affected by migraine without aura and eighty-two controls aged between 6 and 18 were retrospectively recruited with the following inclusion criteria: MRI exam showing no morphological or signal abnormalities, no systemic comorbidities, no abnormal neurological examination. Cortical thickness (CT) and local gyrification index (LGI) were obtained through a dedicated algorithm, consisting of a combination of voxel-based and surface-based morphometric techniques. The statistical analysis was performed separately on CT and LGI between: patients and controls; subgroups of controls and subgroups of patients. Results Patients showed a decreased LGI in the left superior parietal lobule and in the supramarginal gyrus, compared to controls. Female patients presented a decreased LGI in the right superior, middle and transverse temporal gyri, right postcentral gyrus and supramarginal gyrus compared to male patients. Compared to migraine patients younger than 12 years, the ≥ 12-year-old subjects showed a decreased CT in the superior and middle frontal gyri, pre- and post-central cortex, paracentral lobule, superior and transverse temporal gyri, supramarginal gyrus and posterior insula. Migraine patients experiencing nausea and/or vomiting during headache attacks presented an increased CT in the pars opercularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus. Conclusions Differences in CT and LGI in patients affected by migraine without aura may suggest the presence of congenital and acquired abnormalities in migraine and that migraine might represent a vast spectrum of different entities. In particular, ≥ 12-year-old pediatric patients showed a decreased CT in areas related to the executive function and nociceptive networks compared to younger patients, while female patients compared to males showed a decreased CT of the auditory cortex compared to males. Therefore, early and tailored therapies are paramount to obtain migraine control, prevent cerebral reduction of cortical thickness and preserve executive function and nociception networks to ensure a high quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Guarnera
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.,Neuroradiology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Bottino
- Medical Physics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Napolitano
- Medical Physics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Sforza
- Pediatric Headache Center, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Cappa
- Unit of Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Chioma
- Unit of Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquini
- Neuroradiology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy.,Neuroradiology Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 10065, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Maria Camilla Rossi-Espagnet
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.,Neuroradiology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Lucignani
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Figà-Talamanca
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Carducci
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Ruscitto
- Child Neurology Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University Hospital of Rome, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Valeriani
- Pediatric Headache Center, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.,Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Daniela Longo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Papetti
- Pediatric Headache Center, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
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23
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Li L, Zuo Y, Chen Y. Relationship between local gyrification index and age, intelligence quotient, symptom severity with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A large-scale MRI study. J Clin Neurosci 2021; 91:193-199. [PMID: 34373026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gyrification is one of the most important characteristics in the cerebral cortex and the local gyrification index (LGI) was used to quantify the regional changes in gyrification. The aim of this study was to evaluate LGI alterations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) individuals in comparison with typically developing (TD) controls and the association of the LGI with age, intelligence quotient (IQ), and symptom severity in a large multicenter dataset. Structural MRI datasets selected from Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange I and II (ABIDE I and ABIDE II) repository (606 ASD individuals and 765 age-matched TD controls) were used to calculate LGI values. The correlation between the LGI and age, IQ, and other clinical measurements were assessed. No differences in LGI were found between ASD individuals and TD controls after FDR multiple comparison correction, however, LGI decreased with age in both ASD and TD groups. In the TD group, a significant positive correlation was found between the LGI and full IQ (FIQ) in the parahippocampal gyrus, parsopercularis of left hemisphere and entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal, superior temporal gyrus of right hemisphere, but was not observed in the ASD group. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the LGI and Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) Repetitive and Restrictive Behaviors (RRB) score was found in the left inferior parietal lobule, lateral occipital cortex, superior frontal gyrus and right superior frontal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus. In summary, these results demonstrate that the ASD is a truly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder. Future investigations are required that group ASD patients into more homogeneous subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Human Anatomy Department, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Yizhi Zuo
- Human Anatomy Department, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Yiyong Chen
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China.
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24
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Associations between long-term psychosis risk, probabilistic category learning, and attenuated psychotic symptoms with cortical surface morphometry. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 16:91-106. [PMID: 34218406 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have consistently found structural cortical abnormalities in individuals with schizophrenia, especially in structural hubs. However, it is unclear what abnormalities predate psychosis onset and whether abnormalities are related to behavioral performance and symptoms associated with psychosis risk. Using surface-based morphometry, we examined cortical volume, gyrification, and thickness in a psychosis risk group at long-term risk for developing a psychotic disorder (n = 18; i.e., extreme positive schizotypy plus interview-rated attenuated psychotic symptoms [APS]) and control group (n = 19). Overall, the psychosis risk group exhibited cortical abnormalities in multiple structural hub regions, with abnormalities associated with poorer probabilistic category learning, a behavioral measure strongly associated with psychosis risk. For instance, the psychosis risk group had hypogyria in a right posterior midcingulate cortical hub and left superior parietal cortical hub, as well as decreased volume in a right pericalcarine hub. Morphometric measures in all of these regions were also associated with poorer probabilistic category learning. In addition to decreased right pericalcarine volume, the psychosis risk group exhibited a number of other structural abnormalities in visual network structural hub regions, consistent with previous evidence of visual perception deficits in psychosis risk. Further, severity of APS hallucinations, delusional ideation, and suspiciousness/persecutory ideas were associated with gyrification abnormalities, with all domains associated with hypogyria of the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex. Thus, current results suggest that structural abnormalities, especially in structural hubs, are present in psychosis risk and are associated both with poor learning on a psychosis risk-related task and with APS severity.
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25
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Zoltowski AR, Lyu I, Failla M, Mash LE, Dunham K, Feldman JI, Woynaroski TG, Wallace MT, Barquero LA, Nguyen TQ, Cutting LE, Kang H, Landman BA, Cascio CJ. Cortical Morphology in Autism: Findings from a Cortical Shape-Adaptive Approach to Local Gyrification Indexing. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:5188-5205. [PMID: 34195789 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been challenging to elucidate the differences in brain structure that underlie behavioral features of autism. Prior studies have begun to identify patterns of changes in autism across multiple structural indices, including cortical thickness, local gyrification, and sulcal depth. However, common approaches to local gyrification indexing used in prior studies have been limited by low spatial resolution relative to functional brain topography. In this study, we analyze the aforementioned structural indices, utilizing a new method of local gyrification indexing that quantifies this index adaptively in relation to specific sulci/gyri, improving interpretation with respect to functional organization. Our sample included n = 115 autistic and n = 254 neurotypical participants aged 5-54, and we investigated structural patterns by group, age, and autism-related behaviors. Differing structural patterns by group emerged in many regions, with age moderating group differences particularly in frontal and limbic regions. There were also several regions, particularly in sensory areas, in which one or more of the structural indices of interest either positively or negatively covaried with autism-related behaviors. Given the advantages of this approach, future studies may benefit from its application in hypothesis-driven examinations of specific brain regions and/or longitudinal studies to assess brain development in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa R Zoltowski
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ilwoo Lyu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Michelle Failla
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,College of Nursing, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lisa E Mash
- San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, CA 92120, USA
| | - Kacie Dunham
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jacob I Feldman
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Frist Center for Autism and Innovation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Tiffany G Woynaroski
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Frist Center for Autism and Innovation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Mark T Wallace
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Frist Center for Autism and Innovation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Laura A Barquero
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Tin Q Nguyen
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Special Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Laurie E Cutting
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.,Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.,Department of Special Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Hakmook Kang
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Bennett A Landman
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.,Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Carissa J Cascio
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Frist Center for Autism and Innovation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.,Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
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26
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Sawada K, Kamiya S, Aoki I. Neonatal valproic acid exposure produces altered gyrification related to increased parvalbumin-immunopositive neuron density with thickened sulcal floors. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250262. [PMID: 33878144 PMCID: PMC8057614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) treatment is associated with autism spectrum disorder in humans, and ferrets can be used as a model to test this; so far, it is not known whether ferrets react to developmental VPA exposure with gyrencephalic abnormalities. The current study characterized gyrification abnormalities in ferrets following VPA exposure during neonatal periods, corresponding to the late stage of cortical neurogenesis as well as the early stage of sulcogyrogenesis. Ferret pups received intraperitoneal VPA injections (200 μg/g of body weight) on postnatal days (PD) 6 and 7. BrdU was administered simultaneously at the last VPA injection. Ex vivo MRI-based morphometry demonstrated significantly lower gyrification index (GI) throughout the cortex in VPA-treated ferrets (1.265 ± 0.027) than in control ferrets (1.327 ± 0.018) on PD 20, when primary sulcogyrogenesis is complete. VPA-treated ferrets showed significantly smaller sulcal-GIs in the rostral suprasylvian sulcus and splenial sulcus but a larger lateral sulcus surface area than control ferrets. The floor cortex of the inner stratum of both the rostral suprasylvian and splenial sulci and the outer stratum of the lateral sulcus showed a relatively prominent expansion. Parvalbumin-positive neuron density was significantly greater in the expanded cortical strata of sulcal floors in VPA-treated ferrets, regardless of the BrdU-labeled status. Thus, VPA exposure during the late stage of cortical neurogenesis may alter gyrification, primarily in the frontal and parietotemporal cortical divisions. Altered gyrification may thicken the outer or inner stratum of the cerebral cortex by increasing parvalbumin-positive neuron density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Sawada
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail: (KS); (IA)
| | - Shiori Kamiya
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, NIRS, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chib, Japan
- * E-mail: (KS); (IA)
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27
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Besteher B, Gaser C, Nenadić I. Brain Structure and Subclinical Symptoms: A Dimensional Perspective of Psychopathology in the Depression and Anxiety Spectrum. Neuropsychobiology 2021; 79:270-283. [PMID: 31340207 DOI: 10.1159/000501024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human psychopathology is the result of complex and subtle neurobiological alterations. Categorial DSM or ICD diagnoses do not allow a biologically founded and differentiated description of these diverse processes across a spectrum or continuum, emphasising the need for a scientific and clinical paradigm shift towards a dimensional psychiatric nosology. The subclinical part of the spectrum is, however, of special interest for early detection of mental disorders. We review the current evidence of brain structural correlates (grey matter volume, cortical thickness, and gyrification) in non-clinical (psychiatrically healthy) subjects with minor depressive and anxiety symptoms. We identified 16 studies in the depressive spectrum and 20 studies in the anxiety spectrum. These studies show effects associated with subclinical symptoms in the hippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex, and anterior insula similar to major depression and changes in amygdala similar to anxiety disorders. Precuneus and temporal areas as parts of the default mode network were affected specifically in the subclinical studies. We derive several methodical considerations crucial to investigations of brain structural correlates of minor psycho(patho)logical symptoms in healthy participants. And we discuss neurobiological overlaps with findings in patients as well as distinct findings, e.g. in areas involved in the default mode network. These results might lead to more insight into the early pathogenesis of clinical significant depression or anxiety and need to be enhanced by multi-centre and longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Besteher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany,
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps University Marburg/Marburg University Hospital - UKGM, Marburg, Germany
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28
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Gharehgazlou A, Freitas C, Ameis SH, Taylor MJ, Lerch JP, Radua J, Anagnostou E. Cortical Gyrification Morphology in Individuals with ASD and ADHD across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:2653-2669. [PMID: 33386405 PMCID: PMC8023842 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) that may impact brain maturation. A number of studies have examined cortical gyrification morphology in both NDDs. Here we review and when possible pool their results to better understand the shared and potentially disorder-specific gyrification features. We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases, and 24 and 10 studies met the criteria to be included in the systematic review and meta-analysis portions, respectively. Meta-analysis of local Gyrification Index (lGI) findings across ASD studies was conducted with SDM software adapted for surface-based morphometry studies. Meta-regressions were used to explore effects of age, sex, and sample size on gyrification differences. There were no significant differences in gyrification across groups. Qualitative synthesis of remaining ASD studies highlighted heterogeneity in findings. Large-scale ADHD studies reported no differences in gyrification between cases and controls suggesting that, similar to ASD, there is currently no evidence of differences in gyrification morphology compared with controls. Larger, longitudinal studies are needed to further clarify the effects of age, sex, and IQ on cortical gyrification in these NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avideh Gharehgazlou
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carina Freitas
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie H Ameis
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth, & Family Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Margot J Taylor
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jason P Lerch
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Imaging Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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29
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Sasabayashi D, Takahashi T, Takayanagi Y, Suzuki M. Anomalous brain gyrification patterns in major psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and transdiagnostic integration. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:176. [PMID: 33731700 PMCID: PMC7969935 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Anomalous patterns of brain gyrification have been reported in major psychiatric disorders, presumably reflecting their neurodevelopmental pathology. However, previous reports presented conflicting results of patients having hyper-, hypo-, or normal gyrification patterns and lacking in transdiagnostic consideration. In this article, we systematically review previous magnetic resonance imaging studies of brain gyrification in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and autism spectrum disorder at varying illness stages, highlighting the gyral pattern trajectory for each disorder. Patients with each psychiatric disorder may exhibit deviated primary gyri formation under neurodevelopmental genetic control in their fetal life and infancy, and then exhibit higher-order gyral changes due to mechanical stress from active brain changes (e.g., progressive reduction of gray matter volume and white matter integrity) thereafter, representing diversely altered pattern trajectories from those of healthy controls. Based on the patterns of local connectivity and changes in neurodevelopmental gene expression in major psychiatric disorders, we propose an overarching model that spans the diagnoses to explain how deviated gyral pattern trajectories map onto clinical manifestations (e.g., psychosis, mood dysregulation, and cognitive impairments), focusing on the common and distinct gyral pattern changes across the disorders in addition to their correlations with specific clinical features. This comprehensive understanding of the role of brain gyrification pattern on the pathophysiology may help to optimize the prediction and diagnosis of psychiatric disorders using objective biomarkers, as well as provide a novel nosology informed by neural circuits beyond the current descriptive diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan. .,Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XResearch Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Takayanagi
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan ,Arisawabashi Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan ,grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XResearch Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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30
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Liloia D, Mancuso L, Uddin LQ, Costa T, Nani A, Keller R, Manuello J, Duca S, Cauda F. Gray matter abnormalities follow non-random patterns of co-alteration in autism: Meta-connectomic evidence. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 30:102583. [PMID: 33618237 PMCID: PMC7903137 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by atypical brain anatomy and connectivity. Graph-theoretical methods have mainly been applied to detect altered patterns of white matter tracts and functional brain activation in individuals with ASD. The network topology of gray matter (GM) abnormalities in ASD remains relatively unexplored. METHODS An innovative meta-connectomic analysis on voxel-based morphometry data (45 experiments, 1,786 subjects with ASD) was performed in order to investigate whether GM variations can develop in a distinct pattern of co-alteration across the brain. This pattern was then compared with normative profiles of structural and genetic co-expression maps. Graph measures of centrality and clustering were also applied to identify brain areas with the highest topological hierarchy and core sub-graph components within the co-alteration network observed in ASD. RESULTS Individuals with ASD exhibit a distinctive and topologically defined pattern of GM co-alteration that moderately follows the structural connectivity constraints. This was not observed with respect to the pattern of genetic co-expression. Hub regions of the co-alteration network were mainly left-lateralized, encompassing the precuneus, ventral anterior cingulate, and middle occipital gyrus. Regions of the default mode network appear to be central in the topology of co-alterations. CONCLUSION These findings shed new light on the pathobiology of ASD, suggesting a network-level dysfunction among spatially distributed GM regions. At the same time, this study supports pathoconnectomics as an insightful approach to better understand neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Liloia
- GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Functional Neuroimaging and Complex Neural Systems (FOCUS) Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Mancuso
- GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Functional Neuroimaging and Complex Neural Systems (FOCUS) Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Lucina Q Uddin
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Tommaso Costa
- GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Functional Neuroimaging and Complex Neural Systems (FOCUS) Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), Turin, Italy.
| | - Andrea Nani
- GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Functional Neuroimaging and Complex Neural Systems (FOCUS) Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Roberto Keller
- Adult Autism Center, DSM Local Health Unit, ASL TO, Turin, Italy.
| | - Jordi Manuello
- GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Functional Neuroimaging and Complex Neural Systems (FOCUS) Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Sergio Duca
- GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Functional Neuroimaging and Complex Neural Systems (FOCUS) Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Franco Cauda
- GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital and Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Functional Neuroimaging and Complex Neural Systems (FOCUS) Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), Turin, Italy.
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31
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Miles AE, Kaplan AS, Nikolova YS, Voineskos AN. Neuroanatomical signatures of anorexia nervosa psychopathology: An exploratory MRI/DTI study in a mixed sample enriched for disease vulnerability. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 307:111228. [PMID: 33227570 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Miles
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Allan S Kaplan
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yuliya S Nikolova
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
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32
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Haendel AD, Barrington A, Magnus B, Arias AA, McVey A, Pleiss S, Carson A, Vogt EM, Van Hecke AV. Changes in Electroencephalogram Coherence in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder After a Social Skills Intervention. Autism Res 2021; 14:787-803. [PMID: 33398936 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition that affects social communication and behavior. There is consensus that neurological differences are present in ASD. Further, theories emphasize the mixture of hypo- and hyper-connectivity as a neuropathologies in ASD [O'Reilly, Lewis, & Elsabbagh, 2017]; however, there is a paucity of studies specifically testing neurological underpinnings as predictors of success on social skills interventions. This study examined functional neural connectivity (electroencephalogram [EEG], coherence) of adolescents with ASD before and after the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS®) intervention, using a randomized controlled trial of two groups: an Experimental ASD (EXP) Group and a Waitlist Control ASD (WL) Group. The study had two purposes. First, the study aimed to determine whether changes in EEG coherence differed for adolescents that received PEERS® versus those that did not receive PEERS®. Results revealed a significant increase in connectivity in the occipital left to temporal left pair for the EXP group after intervention. Second, the study aimed to determine if changes in EEG coherence related to changes in behavior, friendships, and social skills measured by questionnaires. At post-intervention, results indicated: (a) positive change in frontal right to parietal right coherence was linked to an increase in social skills scores; and (b) positive changes in occipital right to temporal right coherence and occipital left to parietal left coherence were linked to an increase in the total number of get-togethers. Results of this study support utilizing neurobehavioral domains as indicators of treatment outcome. Lay Summary: This study examined how well various areas of the brain communicate in adolescents with ASD before and after a social skills intervention. Results revealed increased connectivity in the adolescents that received the intervention. Secondly, the study aimed to determine if changes in connectivity of brain areas related to changes in behavior, friendships, and social skills. Results indicated that changes in connectivity were also linked to increased social skills. Autism Res 2021, 14: 787-803. © 2021 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela D Haendel
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Concordia University Wisconsin, Grafton, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alexander Barrington
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Brooke Magnus
- Department of Psychology, Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexis A Arias
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alana McVey
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Sheryl Pleiss
- Great Lakes Neurobehavioral Center, Edina, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Elisabeth M Vogt
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Neurology, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, USA
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33
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Piguet C, Mihailov A, Grigis A, Laidi C, Duchesnay E, Houenou J. Irritability Is Associated With Decreased Cortical Surface Area and Anxiety With Decreased Gyrification During Brain Development. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:744419. [PMID: 34630188 PMCID: PMC8492928 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.744419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Brain development is of utmost importance for the emergence of psychiatric disorders, as the most severe of them arise before 25 years old. However, little is known regarding how early transdiagnostic symptoms, in a dimensional framework, are associated with cortical development. Anxiety and irritability are central vulnerability traits for subsequent mood and anxiety disorders. In this study, we investigate how these dimensions are related to structural changes in the brain to understand how they may increase the transition risk to full-blown disorders. Methods: We used the opportunity of an open access developmental cohort, the Healthy Brain Network, to investigate associations between cortical surface markers and irritability and anxiety scores as measured by parents and self-reports. Results: We found that in 658 young people (with a mean age of 11.6) the parental report of irritability is associated with decreased surface area in the bilateral rostral prefrontal cortex and the precuneus. Furthermore, parental reports of anxiety were associated with decreased local gyrification index in the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. Conclusions: These results are consistent with current models of emotion regulation network maturation, showing decreased surface area or gyrification index in regions associated with impaired affective control in mood and anxiety disorders. Our results highlight how dimensional traits may increase vulnerability for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Piguet
- NeuroSpin, CEA, University Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, University Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Charles Laidi
- NeuroSpin, CEA, University Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), DMU IMPACT, Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France
| | | | - Josselin Houenou
- NeuroSpin, CEA, University Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Université Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), DMU IMPACT, Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France
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34
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Ning M, Li C, Gao L, Fan J. Core-Symptom-Defined Cortical Gyrification Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:619367. [PMID: 33959045 PMCID: PMC8093770 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.619367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous disease that is characterized by abnormalities in social communication and interaction as well as repetitive behaviors and restricted interests. Structural brain imaging has identified significant cortical folding alterations in ASD; however, relatively less known is whether the core symptoms are related to neuroanatomical differences. In this study, we aimed to explore core-symptom-anchored gyrification alterations and their developmental trajectories in ASD. We measured the cortical vertex-wise gyrification index (GI) in 321 patients with ASD (aged 7-39 years) and 350 typically developing (TD) subjects (aged 6-33 years) across 8 sites from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange I (ABIDE I) repository and a longitudinal sample (14 ASD and 7 TD, aged 9-14 years in baseline and 12-18 years in follow-up) from ABIDE II. Compared with TD, the general ASD patients exhibited a mixed pattern of both hypo- and hyper- and different developmental trajectories of gyrification. By parsing the ASD patients into three subgroups based on the subscores of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) scale, we identified core-symptom-specific alterations in the reciprocal social interaction (RSI), communication abnormalities (CA), and restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior (RRSB) subgroups. We also showed atypical gyrification patterns and developmental trajectories in the subgroups. Furthermore, we conducted a meta-analysis to locate the core-symptom-anchored brain regions (circuits). In summary, the current study shows that ASD is associated with abnormal cortical folding patterns. Core-symptom-based classification can find more subtle changes in gyrification. These results suggest that cortical folding pattern encodes changes in symptom dimensions, which promotes the understanding of neuroanatomical basis, and clinical utility in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Ning
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuicui Li
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyi Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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35
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Mann C, Schäfer T, Bletsch A, Gudbrandsen M, Daly E, Suckling J, Bullmore ET, Lombardo MV, Lai MC, Craig MC, Baron-Cohen S, Murphy DGM, Ecker C. Examining volumetric gradients based on the frustum surface ratio in the brain in autism spectrum disorder. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 42:953-966. [PMID: 33295656 PMCID: PMC7856638 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that is accompanied by neurodevelopmental differences in regional cortical volume (CV), and a potential layer‐specific pathology. Conventional measures of CV, however, do not indicate how volume is distributed across cortical layers. In a sample of 92 typically developing (TD) controls and 92 adult individuals with ASD (aged 18–52 years), we examined volumetric gradients by quantifying the degree to which CV is weighted from the pial to the white surface of the brain. Overall, the spatial distribution of Frustum Surface Ratio (FSR) followed the gyral and sulcal pattern of the cortex and approximated a bimodal Gaussian distribution caused by a linear mixture of vertices on gyri and sulci. Measures of FSR were highly correlated with vertex‐wise estimates of mean curvature, sulcal depth, and pial surface area, although none of these features explained more than 76% variability in FSR on their own. Moreover, in ASD, we observed a pattern of predominant increases in the degree of FSR relative to TD controls, with an atypical neurodevelopmental trajectory. Our findings suggest a more outward‐weighted gradient of CV in ASD, which may indicate a larger contribution of supragranular layers to regional differences in CV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Mann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Brain Imaging Center, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tim Schäfer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Brain Imaging Center, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anke Bletsch
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Brain Imaging Center, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maria Gudbrandsen
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Daly
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Suckling
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edward T Bullmore
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michael V Lombardo
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Laboratory for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Meng-Chuan Lai
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael C Craig
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom.,National Autism Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Declan G M Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Ecker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Brain Imaging Center, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, United Kingdom
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36
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Role of Oligodendrocytes and Myelin in the Pathophysiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10120951. [PMID: 33302549 PMCID: PMC7764453 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10120951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an early neurodevelopmental disorder that involves deficits in interpersonal communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors. Although ASD pathophysiology is still uncertain, alterations in the abnormal development of the frontal lobe, limbic areas, and putamen generate an imbalance between inhibition and excitation of neuronal activity. Interestingly, recent findings suggest that a disruption in neuronal connectivity is associated with neural alterations in white matter production and myelination in diverse brain regions of patients with ASD. This review is aimed to summarize the most recent evidence that supports the notion that abnormalities in the oligodendrocyte generation and axonal myelination in specific brain regions are involved in the pathophysiology of ASD. Fundamental molecular mediators of these pathological processes are also examined. Determining the role of alterations in oligodendrogenesis and myelination is a fundamental step to understand the pathophysiology of ASD and identify possible therapeutic targets.
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37
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Madan CR. Age-related decrements in cortical gyrification: Evidence from an accelerated longitudinal dataset. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:1661-1671. [PMID: 33171528 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cortical gyrification has been found to decrease due to aging, but thus far this has only been examined in cross-sectional samples. Interestingly, the topography of these age-related differences in gyrification follows a distinct gradient along the cortex relative to age effects on cortical thickness, likely suggesting a different underlying neurobiological mechanism. Here I examined several aspects of gyrification in an accelerated longitudinal dataset of 280 healthy adults aged 45-92 with an interval between first and last MRI sessions of up to 10 years (total of 815 MRI sessions). Results suggest that age changes in sulcal morphology underlie these changes in gyrification.
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38
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Khan NA, Waheeb SA, Riaz A, Shang X. A Three-Stage Teacher, Student Neural Networks and Sequential Feed Forward Selection-Based Feature Selection Approach for the Classification of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10100754. [PMID: 33086634 PMCID: PMC7603385 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10100754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism disorder, generally known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a brain disorder characterized by lack of communication skills, social aloofness and repetitions in the actions in the patients, which is affecting millions of the people across the globe. Accurate identification of autistic patients is considered a challenging task in the domain of brain disorder science. To address this problem, we have proposed a three-stage feature selection approach for the classification of ASD on the preprocessed Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) rs-fMRI Dataset. In the first stage, a large neural network which we call a “Teacher ” was trained on the correlation-based connectivity matrix to learn the latent representation of the input. In the second stage an autoencoder which we call a “Student” autoencoder was given the task to learn those trained “Teacher” embeddings using the connectivity matrix input. Lastly, an SFFS-based algorithm was employed to select the subset of most discriminating features between the autistic and healthy controls. On the combined site data across 17 sites, we achieved the maximum 10-fold accuracy of 82% and for the individual site-wise data, based on 5-fold accuracy, our results outperformed other state of the art methods in 13 out of the total 17 site-wise comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseer Ahmed Khan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (N.A.K.); (S.A.W.)
| | - Samer Abdulateef Waheeb
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (N.A.K.); (S.A.W.)
| | - Atif Riaz
- Department of Computer Science, University of London, London WC1E 7HU, UK;
| | - Xuequn Shang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (N.A.K.); (S.A.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-133-1927-3686
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39
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Hong SJ, Hyung B, Paquola C, Bernhardt BC. The Superficial White Matter in Autism and Its Role in Connectivity Anomalies and Symptom Severity. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:4415-4425. [PMID: 30566613 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), the majority of neuroimaging studies have focused on the analysis of cortical morphology. White matter changes remain less understood, particularly their association to cortical structure and function. Here, we focused on region that has gained only little attention in ASD neuroimaging: the superficial white matter (SWM) immediately beneath the cortical interface, a compartment playing a prominent role in corticogenesis that incorporates long- and short-range fibers implicated in corticocortical connectivity. Studying a multicentric dataset of ASD and neurotypical controls, we harnessed surface-based techniques to aggregate microstructural SWM diffusion features. Multivariate analysis revealed SWM anomalies in ASD compared with controls in medial parietal and temporoparietal regions. Effects were similar in children and adolescents/adults and consistent across sites. Although SWM anomalies were more confined when correcting for cortical thickness and surface area, findings were overall robust. Diffusion anomalies modulated functional connectivity reductions in ASD and related to symptom severity. Furthermore, mediation models indicated a link between SWM changes, functional connectivity, and symptom load. Analyses targeting the SWM offer a novel perspective on the interplay between structural and functional network perturbations in ASD, highlighting a potentially important neurobiological substrate contributing to its diverse behavioral phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Jun Hong
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.,Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY 10022, USA
| | - Brian Hyung
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Casey Paquola
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
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40
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Wang JY, Danial M, Soleymanzadeh C, Kim B, Xia Y, Kim K, Tassone F, Hagerman RJ, Rivera SM. Cortical gyrification and its relationships with molecular measures and cognition in children with the FMR1 premutation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16059. [PMID: 32994518 PMCID: PMC7525519 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurobiological basis for cognitive development and psychiatric conditions remains unexplored in children with the FMR1 premutation (PM). Knock-in mouse models of PM revealed defects in embryonic cortical development that may affect cortical folding. Cortical-folding complexity quantified using local gyrification index (LGI) was examined in 61 children (age 8–12 years, 19/14 male/female PM carriers, 15/13 male/female controls). Whole-brain vertex-wise analysis of LGI was performed for group comparisons and correlations with IQ. Individuals with aberrant gyrification in 68 cortical areas were identified using Z-scores of LGI (hyper: Z ≥ 2.58, hypo: Z ≤ − 2.58). Significant group-by-sex-by-age interaction in LGI was detected in right inferior temporal and fusiform cortices, which correlated negatively with CGG repeat length in the PM carriers. Sixteen PM boys (hyper/hypo: 7/9) and 10 PM girls (hyper/hypo: 2/5, 3 both) displayed aberrant LGI in 1–17 regions/person while 2 control boys (hyper/hypo: 0/2) and 2 control girls (hyper/hypo: 1/1) met the same criteria in only 1 region/person. LGI in the precuneus and cingulate cortices correlated positively with IQ scores in PM and control boys while negatively in PM girls and no significant correlation in control girls. These findings reveal aberrant gyrification, which may underlie cognitive performance in children with the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yi Wang
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California-Davis, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA, 95618, USA. .,MIND Institute, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| | - Merna Danial
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California-Davis, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA, 95618, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Cyrus Soleymanzadeh
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California-Davis, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA, 95618, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Bella Kim
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California-Davis, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA, 95618, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yiming Xia
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California-Davis, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA, 95618, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- MIND Institute, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Flora Tassone
- MIND Institute, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Randi J Hagerman
- MIND Institute, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Susan M Rivera
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California-Davis, 267 Cousteau Place, Davis, CA, 95618, USA.,MIND Institute, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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41
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Daily-Life Negative Affect in Emotional Distress Disorders Associated with Altered Frontoinsular Emotion Regulation Activation and Cortical Gyrification. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-020-10155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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42
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Libero LE, Schaer M, Li DD, Amaral DG, Nordahl CW. A Longitudinal Study of Local Gyrification Index in Young Boys With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:2575-2587. [PMID: 29850803 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Local gyrification index (LGI), a metric quantifying cortical folding, was evaluated in 105 boys with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 49 typically developing (TD) boys at 3 and 5 years-of-age. At 3 years-of-age, boys with ASD had reduced gyrification in the fusiform gyrus compared with TD boys. A longitudinal evaluation from 3 to 5 years revealed that while TD boys had stable/decreasing LGI, boys with ASD had increasing LGI in right inferior temporal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule, and stable LGI in left lingual gyrus. LGI was also examined in a previously defined neurophenotype of boys with ASD and disproportionate megalencephaly. At 3 years-of-age, this subgroup exhibited increased LGI in right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, and paracentral cortex, and left cingulate cortex and superior frontal gyrus relative to TD boys and increased LGI in right paracentral lobule and parahippocampal gyrus, and left precentral gyrus compared with boys with ASD and normal brain size. In summary, this study identified alterations in the pattern and development of LGI during early childhood in ASD. Distinct patterns of alterations in subgroups of boys with ASD suggests that multiple neurophenotypes exist and boys with ASD and disproportionate megalencephaly should be evaluated separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Libero
- UC Davis MIND Institute and the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Marie Schaer
- Office Medico-Pedagogique, Universite de Geneve, Rue David Dafour 1, Geneva 8, Switzerland
| | - Deana D Li
- UC Davis MIND Institute and the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - David G Amaral
- UC Davis MIND Institute and the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Christine Wu Nordahl
- UC Davis MIND Institute and the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, USA
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43
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Gudbrandsen M, Mann C, Bletsch A, Daly E, Murphy CM, Stoencheva V, Blackmore CE, Rogdaki M, Kushan L, Bearden CE, Murphy DGM, Craig MC, Ecker C. Patterns of Cortical Folding Associated with Autistic Symptoms in Carriers and Noncarriers of the 22q11.2 Microdeletion. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:5281-5292. [PMID: 32420595 PMCID: PMC7566689 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a genetic condition accompanied by a range of psychiatric manifestations, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It remains unknown, however, whether these symptoms are mediated by the same or distinct neural mechanisms as in idiopathic ASD. Here, we examined differences in lGI associated with ASD in 50 individuals with 22q11.2DS (n = 25 with ASD, n = 25 without ASD) and 81 individuals without 22q11.2DS (n = 40 with ASD, n = 41 typically developing controls). We initially utilized a factorial design to identify the set of brain regions where lGI is associated with the main effect of 22q11.2DS, ASD, and with the 22q11.2DS-by-ASD interaction term. Subsequently, we employed canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to compare the multivariate association between variability in lGI and the complex clinical phenotype of ASD between 22q11.2DS carriers and noncarriers. Across approaches, we established that even though there is a high degree of clinical similarity across groups, the associated patterns of lGI significantly differed between carriers and noncarriers of the 22q11.2 microdeletion. Our results suggest that ASD symptomatology recruits different neuroanatomical underpinnings across disorders and that 22q11.2DS individuals with ASD represent a neuroanatomically distinct subgroup that differs from 22q11.2DS individuals without ASD and from individuals with idiopathic ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gudbrandsen
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Caroline Mann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anke Bletsch
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Eileen Daly
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Clodagh M Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
- Behavioural Genetics Clinic, Adult Autism and ADHD Services, Behavioural and Developmental Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley Foundation, NHS, UK
| | - Vladimira Stoencheva
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
- Behavioural Genetics Clinic, Adult Autism and ADHD Services, Behavioural and Developmental Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley Foundation, NHS, UK
| | - Charlotte E Blackmore
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
- Behavioural Genetics Clinic, Adult Autism and ADHD Services, Behavioural and Developmental Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley Foundation, NHS, UK
| | - Maria Rogdaki
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Leila Kushan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Psychology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Department of Psychology, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Declan G M Murphy
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
- Behavioural Genetics Clinic, Adult Autism and ADHD Services, Behavioural and Developmental Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley Foundation, NHS, UK
| | - Michael C Craig
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
- National Autism Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, London, UK
| | - Christine Ecker
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Brain Imaging Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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44
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Chen B. A preliminary study of atypical cortical change ability of dynamic whole-brain functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder. Int J Neurosci 2020; 132:213-225. [PMID: 32762276 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1806837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Designing new objectively diagnostic methods of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are burning questions. Dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) methodology based on fMRI data are an effective lever to investigate changeability evolution of signal synchronization in macroscopic neural activity patterns. METHODS Embracing the network dynamics concepts, this paper introduces changeability index (C-score)which is focused on time-varying aspects of FCs, and develops a new framework for researching the roots of ASD brains at resting states in holism significance. The important process is to uncover noticeable regions and subsystems endowed with antagonistic stance in C-scores of between atypical and typical DFCs of 30 healthy controls (HCs) and 48 ASD patients. RESULTS The abnormities of edge C-scores are found across widespread brain cortex in ASD brains. For whole brain regional C-scores of ASD patients, orbitofrontal middle cortex L, inferior triangular frontal gyrus L, middle occipital gyrus L, postcentral gyrus L, supramarginal L, supramarginal R, cerebellum 8 L, and cerebellum 10 Rare endowed with significantly different C-scores.At brain subsystems level, C-scores in left hemisphere, right hemisphere, top hemisphere, bottom hemisphere, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, cerebellum sub systems are abnormal in ASD patients. CONCLUSIONS The ASD brains have whole-brain abnormity on widespread regions. Through the strict evidence-based study, it was found that the changeability index (C-score) is a meaningful biological marker to explore cortical activity in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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45
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Grewal JS, Gloe T, Hegedus J, Bitterman K, Billings BK, Chengetanai S, Bentil S, Wang VX, Ng JC, Tang CY, Geletta S, Wicinski B, Bertelson M, Tendler BC, Mars RB, Aguirre GK, Rusbridge C, Hof PR, Sherwood CC, Manger PR, Spocter MA. Brain gyrification in wild and domestic canids: Has domestication changed the gyrification index in domestic dogs? J Comp Neurol 2020; 528:3209-3228. [PMID: 32592407 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 15 years, research on canid cognition has revealed that domestic dogs possess a surprising array of complex sociocognitive skills pointing to the possibility that the domestication process might have uniquely altered their brains; however, we know very little about how evolutionary processes (natural or artificial) might have modified underlying neural structure to support species-specific behaviors. Evaluating the degree of cortical folding (i.e., gyrification) within canids may prove useful, as this parameter is linked to functional variation of the cerebral cortex. Using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the impact of domestication on the canine cortical surface, we compared the gyrification index (GI) in 19 carnivore species, including six wild canid and 13 domestic dog individuals. We also explored correlations between global and local GI with brain mass, cortical thickness, white and gray matter volume and surface area. Our results indicated that GI values for domestic dogs are largely consistent with what would be expected for a canid of their given brain mass, although more variable than that observed in wild canids. We also found that GI in canids is positively correlated with cortical surface area, cortical thickness and total cortical gray matter volumes. While we found no evidence of global differences in GI between domestic and wild canids, certain regional differences in gyrification were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagmeet S Grewal
- Department of Anatomy, Des Moines University, Des Moines, Iowa, USA
| | - Tyler Gloe
- Department of Anatomy, Des Moines University, Des Moines, Iowa, USA
| | - Joseph Hegedus
- Department of Anatomy, Des Moines University, Des Moines, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Brendon K Billings
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Samson Chengetanai
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Sarah Bentil
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Victoria X Wang
- Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry,and BioMedical and Engineering Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Johnny C Ng
- Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry,and BioMedical and Engineering Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cheuk Y Tang
- Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry,and BioMedical and Engineering Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Simon Geletta
- Department of Public Health, Des Moines University, Des Moines, Iowa, USA
| | - Bridget Wicinski
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mads Bertelson
- Center for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, Fredericksberg, Denmark
| | - Benjamin C Tendler
- Wellcome Centre for Intergrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rogier B Mars
- Wellcome Centre for Intergrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geoffrey K Aguirre
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Clare Rusbridge
- Fitzpatrick Referrals Orthopedics and Neurology, Fitzpatrick Referrals Ltd, Godalming, UK.,School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chet C Sherwood
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Paul R Manger
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Muhammad A Spocter
- Department of Anatomy, Des Moines University, Des Moines, Iowa, USA.,School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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Yates L, Hobson H. Continuing to look in the mirror: A review of neuroscientific evidence for the broken mirror hypothesis, EP-M model and STORM model of autism spectrum conditions. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020; 24:1945-1959. [PMID: 32668956 PMCID: PMC7539595 DOI: 10.1177/1362361320936945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The mirror neuron system has been argued to be a key brain system responsible for action understanding and imitation. Subsequently, mirror neuron system dysfunction has therefore been proposed to explain the social deficits manifested within autism spectrum condition, an approach referred to as the broken mirror hypothesis. Despite excitement surrounding this hypothesis, extensive research has produced insufficient evidence to support the broken mirror hypothesis in its pure form, and instead two alternative models have been formulated: EP-M model and the social top-down response modulation (STORM) model. All models suggest some dysfunction regarding the mirror neuron system in autism spectrum condition, be that within the mirror neuron system itself or systems that regulate the mirror neuron system. This literature review compares these three models in regard to recent neuroscientific investigations. This review concludes that there is insufficient support for the broken mirror hypothesis, but converging evidence supports an integrated EP-M and STORM model.
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Nunes AS, Vakorin VA, Kozhemiako N, Peatfield N, Ribary U, Doesburg SM. Atypical age-related changes in cortical thickness in autism spectrum disorder. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11067. [PMID: 32632150 PMCID: PMC7338512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67507-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent longitudinal neuroimaging and neurophysiological studies have shown that tracking relative age-related changes in neural signals, rather than a static snapshot of a neural measure, could offer higher sensitivity for discriminating typically developing (TD) individuals from those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is not clear, however, which aspects of age-related changes (trajectories) would be optimal for identifying atypical brain development in ASD. Using a large cross-sectional data set (Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange [ABIDE] repository; releases I and II), we aimed to explore age-related changes in cortical thickness (CT) in TD and ASD populations (age range 6–30 years old). Cortical thickness was estimated from T1-weighted MRI images at three scales of spatial coarseness (three parcellations with different numbers of regions of interest). For each parcellation, three polynomial models of age-related changes in CT were tested. Specifically, to characterize alterations in CT trajectories, we compared the linear slope, curvature, and aberrancy of CT trajectories across experimental groups, which was estimated using linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomial models, respectively. Also, we explored associations between age-related changes with ASD symptomatology quantified as the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores. While no overall group differences in cortical thickness were observed across the entire age range, ASD and TD populations were different in terms of age-related changes, which were located primarily in frontal and tempo-parietal areas. These atypical age-related changes were also associated with ADOS scores in the ASD group and used to predict ASD from TD development. These results indicate that the curvature is the most reliable feature for localizing brain areas developmentally atypical in ASD with a more pronounced effect with symptomatology and is the most sensitive in predicting ASD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonay S Nunes
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Vasily A Vakorin
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.,Behavioral & Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Nataliia Kozhemiako
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Nicholas Peatfield
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Urs Ribary
- Behavioral & Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.,Department Pediatrics and Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,B.C. Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.,Department Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Sam M Doesburg
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.,Behavioral & Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
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Mihailov A, Philippe C, Gloaguen A, Grigis A, Laidi C, Piguet C, Houenou J, Frouin V. Cortical signatures in behaviorally clustered autistic traits subgroups: a population-based study. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:207. [PMID: 32594096 PMCID: PMC7320967 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive heterogeneity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has hindered the characterization of consistent biomarkers, which has led to widespread negative results. Isolating homogenized subtypes could provide insight into underlying biological mechanisms and an overall better understanding of ASD. A total of 1093 participants from the population-based "Healthy Brain Network" cohort (Child Mind Institute in the New York City area, USA) were selected based on score availability in behaviors relevant to ASD, aged 6-18 and IQ >= 70. All participants underwent an unsupervised clustering analysis on behavioral dimensions to reveal subgroups with ASD traits, identified by the presence of social deficits. Analysis revealed three socially impaired ASD traits subgroups: (1) high in emotionally dysfunctional traits, (2) high in ADHD-like traits, and (3) high in anxiety and depressive symptoms. 527 subjects had good quality structural MRI T1 data. Site effects on cortical features were adjusted using the ComBat method. Neuroimaging analyses compared cortical thickness, gyrification, and surface area, and were controlled for age, gender, and IQ, and corrected for multiple comparisons. Structural neuroimaging analyses contrasting one combined heterogeneous ASD traits group against controls did not yield any significant differences. Unique cortical signatures, however, were observed within each of the three individual ASD traits subgroups versus controls. These observations provide evidence of ASD traits subtypes, and confirm the necessity of applying dimensional approaches to extract meaningful differences, thus reducing heterogeneity and paving the way to better understanding ASD traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeline Mihailov
- Neurospin, Institut Joliot, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France.
| | - Cathy Philippe
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Neurospin, Institut Joliot, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191 France
| | - Arnaud Gloaguen
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Neurospin, Institut Joliot, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191 France ,CNRS-Centrale Supélec, 3 rue Joliot-Curie, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antoine Grigis
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Neurospin, Institut Joliot, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191 France
| | - Charles Laidi
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Neurospin, Institut Joliot, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191 France ,APHP, Mondor Univ. Hospitals, DMU IMPACT, INSERM, U955, Translational Neuropsychiatry Team, University of Paris-Est Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Camille Piguet
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Neurospin, Institut Joliot, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191 France ,grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Josselin Houenou
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Neurospin, Institut Joliot, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191 France ,APHP, Mondor Univ. Hospitals, DMU IMPACT, INSERM, U955, Translational Neuropsychiatry Team, University of Paris-Est Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Vincent Frouin
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Neurospin, Institut Joliot, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191 France
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Chaudhary S, Kumaran SS, Goyal V, Kaloiya GS, Kalaivani M, Jagannathan NR, Sagar R, Mehta N, Srivastava AK. Cortical thickness and gyrification index measuring cognition in Parkinson's disease. Int J Neurosci 2020; 131:984-993. [PMID: 32423354 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1766459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cortical dynamics is driven by cortico-cortical connectivity and it characterizes cortical morphological features. These brain surface features complement volumetric changes and may offer improved understanding of disease pathophysiology. Hence, present study aims to investigate surface features; cortical thickness (CT) and gyrification index (GI) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients of normal cognition (PD-CN), cognitively impaired patients with PD (PD-CI) in comparison with cognitively normal healthy controls (HC) to better elucidate cognition linked features in PD. METHOD Anatomical MRI (3DT1) was carried out in 30 HC (56.53 ± 8.42 years), 30 PD-CN (58.8 ± 6.07 years), and 30 PD-CI (60.3 ± 6.43 years) subjects. Whole brain ROI based parcellation using Desikan-Killiany (DK-40) atlas followed by regional CT and GI differentiation [with 'age' and 'total intracranial volume' (TIV) correction], multiple linear regression (with 'age', 'TIV', and 'education' correction) with clinical variables, ROC analysis, and CT-GI correlation across the groups was used for data analysis. RESULTS Widespread cortical thinning with regional GI reduction was evident in PD-CI with respect to other two groups (HC and PD-CN), and with absence of such alterations in PD-CN compared to HC. Frontal, parietal, and temporal CT/GI significantly correlated with cognition and presented classification abilities for cognitive state in PD. Mean regional CT and GI were found negatively correlated across groups with heterogeneous regions. CONCLUSION Fronto-parietal and temporal regions suffer cognition associated cortical thinning and GI reduction. CT may serve better discriminator properties and may be more consistent than GI in studying cognition in PD. Heterogeneous surface dynamics across the groups may signify neuro-developmental alterations in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vinay Goyal
- Department of Neurology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - G S Kaloiya
- National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - M Kalaivani
- Department of Biostatistics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rajesh Sagar
- Department of Psychiatry, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Nalin Mehta
- Department of Physiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Hua JPY, Piasecki TM, McDowell YE, Boness CL, Trela CJ, Merrill AM, Sher KJ, Kerns JG. Alcohol use in young adults associated with cortical gyrification. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 209:107925. [PMID: 32088591 PMCID: PMC7127958 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adulthood has the highest rates of alcohol use and high-risk drinking behavior. This period is also a critical neurodevelopmental stage, with neural insults having a profound neurotoxic effect on the brain. Cortical gyrification is thought, in part, to reflect early brain maturation (e.g., hypogyrification in fetal alcohol syndrome). There is also evidence that cortical gyrification is sensitive to later-life events (e.g., fluctuations in malnutrition in young adults). However, no study has examined how alcohol use in young adulthood is associated with cortical gyrification. METHODS We examined the associations between cortical gyrification with lifetime alcohol use and past year hangover symptoms in young adults (N = 78). RESULTS Lifetime alcohol use was associated with hypogyria in multiple cortical regions (rs ≤ -.27, ps ≤ .0159; right orbitofrontal, right temporal pole, and left lateral occipital). Further, past year hangover symptoms were associated with hypogyria (rs ≤ -.27, ps ≤ .0034), overlapping with lifetime alcohol use (right orbitofrontal and left lateral occipital). Hangover symptoms were also uniquely associated with hypogyria of other cortical regions (rs ≤ -.30, ps ≤ .0002; right parahippocampal gyrus, left inferior temporal/parahippocampal gyrus and right anterior insula). CONCLUSIONS Thus, results suggest that young adulthood is a critical period for targeted prevention and intervention, especially for individuals exhibiting heavy alcohol consumption and high-risk drinking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P. Y. Hua
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211,San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121
| | - Thomas M. Piasecki
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Yoanna E. McDowell
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Cassandra L. Boness
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Constantine J. Trela
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Anne M. Merrill
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Kenneth J. Sher
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - John G. Kerns
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211,To whom correspondence should be addressed; tel: 573-882-6860, fax: 573-882-7710,
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