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Teriba A, Dawson D. Expanding High School Counseling in a Social Media World: Improving Student and Community Well-Being. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:807-826. [PMID: 36154319 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221129138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Adolescent competence and resilience are indicators of adulthood behavior. High school is a pivotal time for adolescents to foster a stable temperament for adult development. The contemporary state of adolescent depression prevalence and an increase in social media-related risky behavior calls for an update to mental health services. We review the nature of modern social comparison that is fueled by social media, mental health help-seeking stigma that prevents individuals from seeking services, and provide mental health advances to remedy the severity of mental health concerns in a social media society. Social media distortions of normative life promote a standard of expectations that can decrease self-esteem and increase depressive tendencies. Expanding high school counseling such that students see a counselor multiple times a year in a proactive rather than reactive school counseling system can provide transformative changes to community mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akorede Teriba
- Department of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Devon Dawson
- Department of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Hasan F, Foster MM, Cho H. Normalizing Anxiety on Social Media Increases Self-Diagnosis of Anxiety: The Mediating Effect of Identification (But Not Stigma). JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 28:563-572. [PMID: 37448221 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2235563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Normalizing mental health disorders in media communication can have a positive impact on the public by improving awareness. However, normalizing issues like anxiety could lead people to categorize normal anxiety as a disorder. In Study One, viewing social media posts that normalized anxiety resulted in a greater likelihood of self-diagnosis of anxiety disorder compared to social media posts that did not normalize it. This effect was through identification with and liking of the person featured in the social media post. In Study Two, those results were replicated. Additionally, we expected, but did not find, that normalizing anxiety had an impact on perceived stigma of anxiety disorders. Thus, at least in this case, normalization influenced self-diagnosis primarily through increasing identification with another person with anxiety, rather than decreasing stigma. Efforts to maximize positive impacts of normalizing disorders should examine unintended, potentially negative, consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Hasan
- School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Melissa M Foster
- School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Hyunyi Cho
- School of Communication, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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Lu X, Zhang M, Zhang J. The relationship between social support and Internet addiction among Chinese college freshmen: A mediated moderation model. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1031566. [PMID: 36687930 PMCID: PMC9854806 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1031566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Internet addiction has become a worldwide mental health problem, and this problem is particularly prominent in China. Although current studies have shown that social support is closely related to Internet addiction, the mechanism of the relationship between the two is not clear at present. This study aimed to find out the influencing factors and the mechanism of Internet addiction among college freshmen, and to form scientific prevention and intervention plan on this basis. Method This study adopts the cluster sampling method to select 322 college freshmen in a typical postsecondary school in Shandong Province, using Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and Network-related Maladaptive Cognition Scale (NRMCS) to investigate the relationship between social support, network-related maladaptive cognition, gender, and the degree of Internet addiction. Results The findings of this study are as follows: (1) After controlling age and family location, social support had a significant negative predictive effect on Internet addiction; (2) Gender acted as a moderator between the relationship of social support and Internet addiction; and (3) Additionally, the moderating effect of gender was completely mediated by network-related maladaptive cognition. Conclusion There is a mediated moderating effect between social support and Internet addiction. That is, gender plays a moderating role between social support and Internet addiction, and this moderating effect is mediated by network maladaptive cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Lu
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Jingqiu Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Lu X, Zhang M, Zhang J. The relationship between social support and Internet addiction among Chinese college freshmen: A mediated moderation model. Front Psychol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1031566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PurposeInternet addiction has become a worldwide mental health problem, and this problem is particularly prominent in China. Although current studies have shown that social support is closely related to Internet addiction, the mechanism of the relationship between the two is not clear at present. This study aimed to find out the influencing factors and the mechanism of Internet addiction among college freshmen, and to form scientific prevention and intervention plan on this basis.MethodThis study adopts the cluster sampling method to select 322 college freshmen in a typical postsecondary school in Shandong Province, using Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and Network-related Maladaptive Cognition Scale (NRMCS) to investigate the relationship between social support, network-related maladaptive cognition, gender, and the degree of Internet addiction.ResultsThe findings of this study are as follows: (1) After controlling age and family location, social support had a significant negative predictive effect on Internet addiction; (2) Gender acted as a moderator between the relationship of social support and Internet addiction; and (3) Additionally, the moderating effect of gender was completely mediated by network-related maladaptive cognition.ConclusionThere is a mediated moderating effect between social support and Internet addiction. That is, gender plays a moderating role between social support and Internet addiction, and this moderating effect is mediated by network maladaptive cognition.
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Al-Kassab-Córdova A, Silva-Perez C, Quevedo-Ramirez A, Mendoza Lugo MG, Azcarruz-Asencios J, Castañeda-Montenegro G, Bravo-Cucci S, Maguina JL. Associated factors to depression diagnosed during incarceration in Peruvian male prisoners: a sub-analysis of the national census of prison population. Int J Prison Health 2022; 19:474-488. [PMID: 36573688 DOI: 10.1108/ijph-03-2022-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depression has become a major health concern, particularly in developing countries. This disorder is highly prevalent among certain vulnerable populations, such as prisoners. In Peru, prisons are overcrowded, and the health of prisoners is neglected. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of depression diagnosed during incarceration in male inmates from all Peruvian prisons and assess its associated factors. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the secondary data analysis of the National Census of Prison Population 2016 in Peru. This study included records of prisoners who reported whether they were diagnosed with depression by a health-care professional after admission into the prisons. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed. FINDINGS Of the 63,312 prisoners included in this study, 1,007 reported an in-prison diagnosis of depression by a health-care professional, which represents a prevalence of 1.59%. Substance use disorder (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.91-5.03), hypertension (aPR 7.20; 95% CI: 6.28-8.24) and previous discrimination (aPR 1.97; 95% CI: 1.62-2.40) were strongly associated with depression, even when adjusting for multiple confounders. Other directly associated variables were, for example, violence during childhood, infrequent visits in prison and diabetes. ORIGINALITY/VALUE The right of prisoners to adequate health care is being neglected in Peru. Mental health is a cornerstone of health quality. Acknowledging which factors are associated with depression in prison is important to implement strategies to improve the mental health of prisoners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al-Kassab-Córdova
- Centro de Excelencia en Estudios Económicos y Sociales en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Claudia Silva-Perez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | - Sergio Bravo-Cucci
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Jorge L Maguina
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru and Dirección de Investigación, Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación, Lima, Peru
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Vike NL, Bari S, Stetsiv K, Woodward S, Lalvani S, Stefanopoulos L, Kim BW, Maglaveras N, Kastaggelos AK, Breiter HC. A history of high-risk and destructive behaviors predict COVID-19 infection: A preliminary study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 7:e40821. [PMID: 36888554 PMCID: PMC10148215 DOI: 10.2196/40821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened mental health concerns, but the temporal relationship between these conditions and SARS-CoV-2 infection has not yet been investigated. Specifically, psychological issues, violent behaviors, and substance abuse problems were reported higher during the COVID-19 pandemic when compared to pre-pandemic levels. However, it is unknown whether a pre-pandemic history of these conditions increase an individual's susceptibility for SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVE To better understand the psychological risks underlying COVID-19, it is important to investigate how destructive and risky behaviors (related to externalizing behaviors, substance use, and crime and violence) may increase a person's susceptibility to COVID-19. METHODS Here, we analyzed data from a survey of 366 adults across the United States (ages 18-70); this survey was administered between February and March of 2021. Participants were asked to complete the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs-Short Screener (GAIN-SS) questionnaire which indicates a history of high-risk and destructive behaviors and high likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria. The GAIN-SS includes seven questions related to externalizing behaviors, eight related to substance use issues, and five related to crime and violence. Responses were given on a temporal scale of "0" (never a given behavior) to "4" (experienced a behavior in the past month). Participants were also asked if they ever tested positive for COVID-19 and/or if they ever received a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19. GAIN-SS responses were compared between those reporting and not reporting COVID-19 to deduce if those reporting COVID-19 experienced GAIN-SS behaviors more recently (Wilcoxon Rank Sum test, α=0.05). Three hypotheses surrounding the temporal relationships between the recency of GAIN-SS behaviors to COVID-19 infection were tested using proportions tests (α=0.05). GAIN-SS behaviors that significantly differed (proportions tests, α=0.05) between COVID-19 responses were included as independent variables in multivariable logistic regression (MVLR) models with iterative downsampling. This was performed to assess how well a history of GAIN-SS behaviors statistically discriminated between those reporting, and not reporting, COVID-19. RESULTS Those reporting COVID-19 more frequently indicated past GAIN-SS behaviors (Q<.05). Further, the proportion of those reporting COVID-19 was higher (Q<.05) in those also reporting a history of GAIN-SS behaviors; specifically, gambling and selling drugs were common across the three proportion tests. MVLR revealed that GAIN-SS behaviors, particularly gambling, selling drugs, and attention problems, accurately modeled self-reported COVID-19 with model accuracies ranging from 77.42-99.55% ± 4.49-5.86%. That is, those that exhibited destructive and high-risk behaviors prior to, and during, the pandemic could be discriminated from those that did not exhibit these behaviors when modeling self-reported COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Together, this preliminary study provides insight into how a history of destructive and risky behaviors influence infection susceptibility - offering possible explanations for why some persons may be more susceptible to COVID-19, potentially in relation to reduced adherence to prevention guidelines or seeking vaccination. CLINICALTRIAL
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Vike
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, US
| | - Sumra Bari
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, US
| | - Khrystyna Stetsiv
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, US
| | - Sean Woodward
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, US
| | - Shamal Lalvani
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, US
| | - Leandros Stefanopoulos
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, US.,Laboratory of Medical Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR
| | - Byoung Woo Kim
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, US
| | - Nicos Maglaveras
- Laboratory of Medical Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR
| | - Aggelos K Kastaggelos
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, US.,Department of Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, US.,Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, US
| | - Hans C Breiter
- Department of Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, US.,Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, US
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AlHamad NS, AlAmri K. The association between social media use and depressive symptoms among adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3336-3342. [PMID: 34760754 PMCID: PMC8565162 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_697_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Excessive use of social media sites and applications was reported to be associated with depressive symptoms. We determined the association between social media use and depressive symptoms among adults in Riyadh and correlated the results with other studies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered survey questionnaire distributed to participants aged 13 years old and above. The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used as a screening tool to measure depression. Positive and negative affective experiences were also assessed. Results: A total of 467 participants with a mean age of 27.0 ± 10.9 years were surveyed; 269 (57.6%) were males, and 198 (42.4%) were females. The mean of the total PHQ-9 score was 8.7 ± 5.8. There were 17 patients (3.6%) with no depression, 103 (22.1%) with minimal depression, 160 (34.3%) with mild depression, 113 (24.2%) with moderate depression, 47 (10.1%) with moderately severe depression, and 27 (5.8%) with severe depression. Females significantly had experienced moderate to severe depression compared to males (P = 0.040, OR = 1.48). One hundred eighty-seven respondents (40.0%) had moderate to severe depression on the three dimensions of social networking sites (SNSs) usage. The PHQ-9 score was positively significantly correlated with all three dimensions of the use of SNSs. The negative affective experiences ranked high among other affective experiences with depression, the highest mean of all the scales (5.8 ± 1.4). The positive affective experiences scored low, with contentment scoring the lowest (3.7 ± 1.9). Conclusion: A high percentage of moderate to severe depression and negative affective experiences, including anger and happiness, exists among individuals who excessively use and spend a lot more time using SNSs. A greater tendency toward depression occurs among females. Although the data from this study are self-reported, there is a need for health practitioners and family physicians to identify early signs of depression that warrants early intervention to address to mitigate and prevent the potentially harmful consequences that might happen in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Saud AlHamad
- Department of Family Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled AlAmri
- Department of Family Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Investigating the Relationship between Media Usage, Depression, and Quality of Life among Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9091154. [PMID: 34574928 PMCID: PMC8465887 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9091154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The uses and gratifications theory suggests that various types of media can greatly affect people's lives. This is especially true among older adults who tend to use media for leisure. However, there is insufficient research regarding the relationship between media usage, depression, and quality of life among older adults. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the association between media usage (traditional and internet media), depression, and quality of life among older adults. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, this study recruited individuals aged 65 years and older in central Taiwan and collected data via a structured questionnaire. Contents of the questionnaire included demographic details, a media usage behavior questionnaire, the Brief Symptoms Rating Scale (BSRS-5), and the Quality of Life Scale developed by the World Health Organization (WHOQOL-BREF). Subsequently, multiple regression analyses were conducted to investigate the association between media usage, depression, and quality of life of older adults. RESULTS The average age of the 252 participants (107 males) was 70.0 ± 5.4 years. Regression analysis revealed a significant, negative relationship between the number of hours spent watching television and the degree of depression. Additionally, the number of hours spent watching television was significantly negatively related to the quality of life in terms of both the psychological health and social relationships categories. In contrast, the number of hours spent reading newspapers and magazines was significantly positively related to quality of life in the categories of psychological health, social relationships, and environment. Finally, the number of hours spent browsing internet media was significantly positively related to the quality of life in the psychological health category. CONCLUSION Media usage may affect the degree of depression and quality of life of older adults depending on the type of media and amount of usage.
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Alleaume C, Verger P, Peretti-Watel P. Psychological support in general population during the COVID-19 lockdown in France: Needs and access. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251707. [PMID: 34014974 PMCID: PMC8136662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With France one of the European countries most strongly affected by COVID-19 in the spring of 2020, French authorities imposed a nationwide lockdown for 8 weeks (March 17-May 10). This study explored the perception of the adult population about the need for-and access to-psychological support from health care professionals (HCP) in response to concerns about the psychological needs during lockdown. MATERIAL AND METHOD This online cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of the adult general population of mainland France (N = 2,003) took place during the last four days of the French lockdown (May 7-10, 2020). RESULTS One in eight respondents (12.2%) perceived a need for psychological support from an HCP during the lockdown; most had symptoms of depression and/or anxiety of at least moderate intensity. Only a third (29.8%, 3.6% of the entire sample) actually obtained this support. Factors associated with this perceived need included: age under 35, economic difficulties due to lockdown, pre-lockdown use of psychological support, infection with COVID-19, serious worries about becoming infected, and heavy media use to obtain information about the disease. Among those who perceived a need for psychological support, the elderly were the most likely not to consult an HCP. People aged 35-64, those with high income, and those seriously worried about developing COVID-19 were the most likely to forgo seeking access to care because of their fear of infection by the coronavirus-2019. CONCLUSION The perceived need for psychological support from an HCP and access to it appeared to be strongly associated with COVID-19 exposure factor. More research about this association is needed to improve the health authorities' understanding of the population's psychological needs in this situation and to enhance HCPs' abilities to meet them. In particular, further research of its specific impact on youth is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Alleaume
- Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (ORS Paca), Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Verger
- Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (ORS Paca), Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Peretti-Watel
- Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (ORS Paca), Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
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Primack BA, Shensa A, Sidani JE, Escobar-Viera CG, Fine MJ. Temporal Associations Between Social Media Use and Depression. Am J Prev Med 2021; 60:179-188. [PMID: 33309454 PMCID: PMC8261713 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have demonstrated cross-sectional associations between social media use and depression, but their temporal and directional associations have not been reported. METHODS In 2018, participants aged 18-30 years were recruited in proportion to U.S. Census characteristics, including age, sex, race, education, household income, and geographic region. Participants self-reported social media use on the basis of a list of the top 10 social media networks, which represent >95% of social media use. Depression was assessed using the 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire. A total of 9 relevant sociodemographic covariates were assessed. All measures were assessed at both baseline and 6-month follow-up. RESULTS Among 990 participants who were not depressed at baseline, 95 (9.6%) developed depression by follow-up. In multivariable analyses conducted in 2020 that controlled for all covariates and included survey weights, there was a significant linear association (p<0.001) between baseline social media use and the development of depression for each level of social media use. Compared with those in the lowest quartile, participants in the highest quartile of baseline social media use had significantly increased odds of developing depression (AOR=2.77, 95% CI=1.38, 5.56). However, there was no association between the presence of baseline depression and increasing social media use at follow-up (OR=1.04, 95% CI=0.78, 1.38). Results were robust to all sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS In a national sample of young adults, baseline social media use was independently associated with the development of depression by follow-up, but baseline depression was not associated with an increase in social media use at follow-up. This pattern suggests temporal associations between social media use and depression, an important criterion for causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Primack
- College of Education and Health Professions, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas.
| | - Ariel Shensa
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jaime E Sidani
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - César G Escobar-Viera
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael J Fine
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Su W, Han X, Yu H, Wu Y, Potenza MN. Do men become addicted to internet gaming and women to social media? A meta-analysis examining gender-related differences in specific internet addiction. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Beesley SJ, Hirshberg EL, Wilson EL, Butler JM, Oniki TA, Kuttler KG, Orme JF, Hopkins RO, Brown SM. Depression and Change in Caregiver Burden Among Family Members of Intensive Care Unit Survivors. Am J Crit Care 2020; 29:350-357. [PMID: 32869070 DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family members of patients in intensive care units may experience psychological distress and substantial caregiver burden. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether change in caregiver burden from intensive care unit admission to 3-month follow-up is associated with caregiver depression at 3 months. METHODS Caregiver burden was assessed at enrollment and 3 months later, and caregiver depression was assessed at 3 months. Depression was measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score. The primary analysis was the association between depression at 3 months and change in caregiver burden, controlling for a history of caregiver depression. RESULTS One hundred one participants were enrolled; 65 participants had a surviving loved one and completed 3-month follow-up. At 3-month follow-up, 12% of participants met criteria for depression. Increased caregiver burden over time was significantly associated with depression at follow-up (Fisher exact test, P = .004), although this association was not significant after controlling for self-reported history of depression at baseline (Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test, P = .23). CONCLUSIONS Family members are increasingly recognized as a vulnerable population susceptible to negative psychological outcomes after a loved one's admission to the intensive care unit. In this small sample, no significant association was found between change in caregiver burden and depression at 3 months after controlling for baseline depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Beesley
- Sarah J. Beesley is an assistant professor, Pulmonary Division and Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Medical Center and an adjunct assistant professor, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, both in Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Eliotte L. Hirshberg
- Eliotte L. Hirshberg is an associate professor, Pulmonary Division and Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Medical Center; an associate professor, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine; and an adjunct associate professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, all in Salt Lake City
| | - Emily L. Wilson
- Emily L. Wilson is a statistician, Pulmonary Division and Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City
| | - Jorie M. Butler
- Jorie M. Butler is an assistant professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine and an investigator with the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Medical Center, all in Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Thomas A. Oniki
- Thomas A. Oniki and Kathryn G. Kuttler are data specialists, Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kathryn G. Kuttler
- Thomas A. Oniki and Kathryn G. Kuttler are data specialists, Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - James F. Orme
- James F. Orme is a professor, Pulmonary Division and Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Medical Center and a professor, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, both in Salt Lake City
| | - Ramona O. Hopkins
- Ramona O. Hopkins is a professor, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah and the Pulmonary Division and Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Samuel M. Brown
- Samuel M. Brown is an associate professor, Pulmonary Division and Center for Humanizing Critical Care, Intermountain Medical Center and an associate professor, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
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The association between self-reported depressive symptoms and the use of social networking sites (SNS): A meta-analysis. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-0150-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Escobar-Viera CG, Shensa A, Bowman ND, Sidani JE, Knight J, James AE, Primack BA. Passive and Active Social Media Use and Depressive Symptoms Among United States Adults. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2018; 21:437-443. [DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2017.0668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- César G. Escobar-Viera
- Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Health Policy Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ariel Shensa
- Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicholas D. Bowman
- Department of Communication Studies, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Jaime E. Sidani
- Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer Knight
- Department of Communication Studies, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - A. Everette James
- Health Policy Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian A. Primack
- Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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15
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Hisam A, Safoor I, Khurshid N, Aslam A, Zaid F, Muzaffar A. Is Political Activism on Social Media an initiator of Psychological Stress? Pak J Med Sci 2018; 33:1463-1467. [PMID: 29492079 PMCID: PMC5768845 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.336.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To find out the association of psychological stress with political activism on social networking sites (SNS) in adults. To find association of psychological stress and political activism with age, gender and occupational status. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of 8 months (Aug 2014 to March 2015) was conducted on young adults between age group of 20-40 years of different universities of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Closed ended standardized questionnaires (i.e. Cohen Perceived Stress-10) were distributed via non-probability convenient sampling among a total sample size of 237. Sample size was calculated using WHO sample size calculator and data was analyzed in STATA version 12. Results: The mean age of participants was 21.06±1.425 years. Out of the 237 participants, 150 (63.3%) were males and 87 (36.7%) females. Regarding their occupation, 13 (51.9%) were military cadets, 8 (3.4%) were consultant, 47 (19.8%) medical officer, 3 (1.3%) PG students and 56 (23.6%) MBBS students. Significant association of occupation was established with both political activism and psychological stress (p=0.4 and p=0.002 respectively). Among 237 individuals, 91 (38.4%) were stressed out and 146 (61.6%) were not. Among whole sample, political activists on SNS were found to be 23 (9.7%). Out of these 23 individuals who were politically active, 15 (65.2%) were stressed out and 8 (34.7%) were not. A significant association between stress and political activism was established (p=0.005). Conclusion: Political activism via social networking sites is playing significant role on adult person’s mental health in terms of stress among different occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Hisam
- Dr. Aliya Hisam, MBBS, MPH, FCPS. Assistant Professor, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Community Medicine Department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Safoor
- Iqra Safoor, House Officers, Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Nawal Khurshid
- Nawal Khurshid, House Officers, Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Aakash Aslam
- Aakash Aslam, House Officers, Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Zaid
- Farhan Zaid, House Officers, Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Muzaffar
- Ayesha Muzaffar, House Officers, Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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16
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Peracchia S, Curcio G. Exposure to video games: effects on sleep and on post-sleep cognitive abilities. A sistematic review of experimental evidences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 11:302-314. [PMID: 30746049 PMCID: PMC6361300 DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20180046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The public opinion is ever more interested and worried about possible effects of
exposure to VGs (video games) on human life and well-being. Scientific
literature shows several evidences highlighting negative outcomes on
behavioural, emotive, cognitive and physical health spheres. All these aspects
are intrinsically linked to sleep quality and quantity and to date very few
studies directly investigated the effects of videogame (VG) exposure on sleep
and post-sleep cognitive status. The aim of the present systematic review is to
examine the impact that the exposure to VGs can produce on sleep pattern and the
consequent post-sleep cognitive abilities. To this extent, only studies directly
investigating the effects of VGs on sleep features and post-sleep cognitive
abilities have been selected and discussed. Data currently present in literature
show the alteration of sleep pattern after exposure to VGs. The analysis
indicated a reduction of Total Sleep Time (TST) and an increase of Sleep Onset
Latency (SOL), modifications of the REM sleep and Slow Wave Sleep (SWS), and
increased sleepiness and self-perceived fatigue. Moreover, post-sleep sustained
attention and verbal memory also appear to be impaired. It can be concluded that
playing VGs for long periods, particularly in the evening, is a significant,
common and probable cause of sleep problems: evening exposure to VGs, in fact,
can bring to insufficient and low quality sleep, with possible effects on
cognition in the subsequent waking days. Potential methodological flaws and
limitations of these studies have also been described and discussed. Because of
the very limited number of available study on this topic further research is
strongly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Peracchia
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences - L'Aquila - Italy - Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curcio
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences - L'Aquila - Italy - Italy
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17
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Chae D, Kim H, Kim YA. Sex Differences in the Factors Influencing Korean College Students’ Addictive Tendency Toward Social Networking Sites. Int J Ment Health Addict 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-017-9778-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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18
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Garrido S, Eerola T, McFerran K. Group Rumination: Social Interactions Around Music in People with Depression. Front Psychol 2017; 8:490. [PMID: 28421014 PMCID: PMC5378782 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most important roles that music serves in human society is the promotion of social relationships and group cohesion. In general, emotional experiences tend to be amplified in group settings through processes of social feedback. However, previous research has established that listening to sad music can intensify negative emotions in people with tendencies to rumination and depression. This study therefore investigated the phenomenon of ruminating with music, and the question of whether listening to sad music in group settings provides social benefits for emotionally vulnerable listeners, or whether it further exaggerates depressive tendencies. Participants recruited via online depression groups and mental health websites were surveyed as to music listening habits. Results revealed that people with depression were more likely to engage in "group rumination" using music, and that this behavior could be partially explained by a general tendency to ruminate using music. Both affective states and coping styles were found to be related to the affective outcomes of group interactions around music. These findings go some way toward clarifying the situations in which group interactions around music are able to provide important social benefits for those involved, and situations in which negative emotions can be amplified by the group context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Garrido
- MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney UniversityMilperra, NSW, Australia
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19
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Primack BA, Shensa A, Escobar-Viera CG, Barrett EL, Sidani JE, Colditz JB, James AE. Use of multiple social media platforms and symptoms of depression and anxiety: A nationally-representative study among U.S. young adults. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect and visualize salient queries about menopause using Big Data from ChaCha. METHODS We used Word Adjacency Graph (WAG) modeling to detect clusters and visualize the range of menopause-related topics and their mutual proximity. The subset of relevant queries was fully modeled. We split each query into token words (ie, meaningful words and phrases) and removed stopwords (ie, not meaningful functional words). The remaining words were considered in sequence to build summary tables of words and two and three-word phrases. Phrases occurring at least 10 times were used to build a network graph model that was iteratively refined by observing and removing clusters of unrelated content. RESULTS We identified two menopause-related subsets of queries by searching for questions containing menopause and menopause-related terms (eg, climacteric, hot flashes, night sweats, hormone replacement). The first contained 263,363 queries from individuals aged 13 and older and the second contained 5,892 queries from women aged 40 to 62 years. In the first set, we identified 12 topic clusters: 6 relevant to menopause and 6 less relevant. In the second set, we identified 15 topic clusters: 11 relevant to menopause and 4 less relevant. Queries about hormones were pervasive within both WAG models. Many of the queries reflected low literacy levels and/or feelings of embarrassment. CONCLUSIONS We modeled menopause-related queries posed by ChaCha users between 2009 and 2012. ChaCha data may be used on its own or in combination with other Big Data sources to identify patient-driven educational needs and create patient-centered interventions.
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21
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De Rosis S, Barsanti S. Patient satisfaction, e-health and the evolution of the patient–general practitioner relationship: Evidence from an Italian survey. Health Policy 2016; 120:1279-1292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Vink JM, Beijsterveldt TCEM, Huppertz C, Bartels M, Boomsma DI. Heritability of compulsive Internet use in adolescents. Addict Biol 2016; 21:460-8. [PMID: 25582809 PMCID: PMC5006854 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, Internet use has grown substantially, and it now serves people as a supportive tool that is used regularly and—in large parts of the world—inevitably. Some people develop problematic Internet use, which may lead to addictive behavior and it is becoming important to explore the risk factors for compulsive Internet use. Data were analyzed on compulsive Internet use [with the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS)] from 5247 monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) adolescent twins registered with the Netherlands Twin Register. The participants form a sample that is informative for genetic analyses, allowing the investigation of the causes of individual differences in compulsive Internet use. The internal consistency of the instrument was high and the 1.6‐year test–retest correlation in a subsample (n = 902) was 0.55. CIUS scores increased slightly with age. Remarkably, gender did not explain variation in CIUS scores, as mean scores on the CIUS were the same in boys and girls. However, the time spent on specific Internet activities differed: boys spent more time on gaming, whereas girls spent more time on social network sites and chatting. The heritability estimates were the same for boys and girls: 48 percent of the individual differences in CIUS score were influenced by genetic factors. The remaining variance (52 percent) was due to environmental influences that were not shared between family members. Because a life without Internet is almost impossible nowadays, it is important to further explore the determinants of compulsive Internet use, including genetic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M. Vink
- Department of Biological Psychology/Netherlands Twin Register VU University The Netherlands
| | | | - Charlotte Huppertz
- Department of Biological Psychology/Netherlands Twin Register VU University The Netherlands
| | - Meike Bartels
- Department of Biological Psychology/Netherlands Twin Register VU University The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology/Netherlands Twin Register VU University The Netherlands
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23
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Senior C, Lee N, Braeutigam S. Society, organizations and the brain: building toward a unified cognitive neuroscience perspective. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:289. [PMID: 26042022 PMCID: PMC4436887 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carl Senior
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University Birmingham, UK
| | - Nick Lee
- School of Business and Economics, Loughborough University Loughborough, UK
| | - Sven Braeutigam
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Oxford University Oxford, UK
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