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Hong Y, Bao D, Manor B, Zhou J. Characterizing the supraspinal sensorimotor control of walking using MRI-compatible system: a systematic review. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2024; 21:34. [PMID: 38443983 PMCID: PMC10913571 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-024-01323-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regulation of gait is critical to many activities of everyday life. When walking, somatosensory information obtained from mechanoreceptors throughout body is delivered to numerous supraspinal networks and used to execute the appropriate motion to meet ever-changing environmental and task demands. Aging and age-related conditions oftentimes alter the supraspinal sensorimotor control of walking, including the responsiveness of the cortical brain regions to the sensorimotor inputs obtained from the peripheral nervous system, resulting in diminished mobility in the older adult population. It is thus important to explicitly characterize such supraspinal sensorimotor elements of walking, providing knowledge informing novel rehabilitative targets. The past efforts majorly relied upon mental imagery or virtual reality to study the supraspinal control of walking. Recent efforts have been made to develop magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible devices simulating specific somatosensory and/or motor aspects of walking. However, there exists large variance in the design and functionality of these devices, and as such inconsistent functional MRI (fMRI) observations. METHODS We have therefore completed a systematic review to summarize current achievements in the development of these MRI-compatible devices and synthesize available imaging results emanating from studies that have utilized these devices. RESULTS The device design, study protocol and neuroimaging observations of 26 studies using 13 types of devices were extracted. Three of these devices can provide somatosensory stimuli, eight motor stimuli, and two both types of stimuli. Our review demonstrated that using these devices, fMRI data of brain activation can be successfully obtained when participants remain motionless and experience sensorimotor stimulation during fMRI acquisition. The activation in multiple cortical (e.g., primary sensorimotor cortex) and subcortical (e.g., cerebellum) regions has been each linked to these types of walking-related sensorimotor stimuli. CONCLUSION The observations of these publications suggest the promise of implementing these devices to characterize the supraspinal sensorimotor control of walking. Still, the evidence level of these neuroimaging observations was still low due to small sample size and varied study protocols, which thus needs to be confirmed via studies with more rigorous design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglu Hong
- School of Sport Medicine and Physical Therapy, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Dapeng Bao
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
| | - Brad Manor
- Hebrew SeniorLife Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Junhong Zhou
- Hebrew SeniorLife Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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2
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Getzmann S, Reiser JE, Gajewski PD, Schneider D, Karthaus M, Wascher E. Cognitive aging at work and in daily life-a narrative review on challenges due to age-related changes in central cognitive functions. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1232344. [PMID: 37621929 PMCID: PMC10445145 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1232344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Demographic change is leading to an increasing proportion of older employees in the labor market. At the same time, work activities are becoming more and more complex and require a high degree of flexibility, adaptability, and cognitive performance. Cognitive control mechanism, which is subject to age-related changes and is important in numerous everyday and work activities, plays a special role. Executive functions with its core functions updating, shifting, and inhibition comprises cognitive control mechanisms that serve to plan, coordinate, and achieve higher-level goals especially in inexperienced and conflicting actions. In this review, influences of age-related changes in cognitive control are demonstrated with reference to work and real-life activities, in which the selection of an information or response in the presence of competing but task-irrelevant stimuli or responses is particularly required. These activities comprise the understanding of spoken language under difficult listening conditions, dual-task walking, car driving in critical traffic situations, and coping with work interruptions. Mechanisms for compensating age-related limitations in cognitive control and their neurophysiological correlates are discussed with a focus on EEG measures. The examples illustrate how to access influences of age and cognitive control on and in everyday and work activities, focusing on its functional role for the work ability and well-being of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Getzmann
- Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University of Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
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3
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Alcock L, Vitório R, Stuart S, Rochester L, Pantall A. Faster Walking Speeds Require Greater Activity from the Primary Motor Cortex in Older Adults Compared to Younger Adults. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6921. [PMID: 37571703 PMCID: PMC10422240 DOI: 10.3390/s23156921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Gait speed declines with age and slower walking speeds are associated with poor health outcomes. Understanding why we do not walk faster as we age, despite being able to, has implications for rehabilitation. Changes in regional oxygenated haemoglobin (HbO2) across the frontal lobe were monitored using functional near infrared spectroscopy in 17 young and 18 older adults while they walked on a treadmill for 5 min, alternating between 30 s of walking at a preferred and fast (120% preferred) speed. Gait was quantified using a triaxial accelerometer (lower back). Differences between task (preferred/fast) and group (young/old) and associations between regional HbO2 and gait were evaluated. Paired tests indicated increased HbO2 in the supplementary motor area (right) and primary motor cortex (left and right) in older adults when walking fast (p < 0.006). HbO2 did not significantly change in the young when walking fast, despite both groups modulating gait. When evaluating the effect of age (linear mixed effects model), greater increases in HbO2 were observed for older adults when walking fast (prefrontal cortex, premotor cortex, supplementary motor area and primary motor cortex) compared to young adults. In older adults, increased step length and reduced step length variability were associated with larger increases in HbO2 across multiple regions when walking fast. Walking fast required increased activation of motor regions in older adults, which may serve as a therapeutic target for rehabilitation. Widespread increases in HbO2 across the frontal cortex highlight that walking fast represents a resource-intensive task as we age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Alcock
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (L.A.); (L.R.)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Rodrigo Vitório
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (R.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Samuel Stuart
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (R.V.); (S.S.)
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Lynn Rochester
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK; (L.A.); (L.R.)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
- The Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Annette Pantall
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK
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4
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Ding J, Yap ASJ, Thng ZX, Gan NY, Tan JCH, Yip CC. Investigating mental rehearsal's applicability in guiding independent E-learning (IMAGINE) of eye examination skills during the pandemic. MEDICAL TEACHER 2023; 45:658-663. [PMID: 36420808 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2022.2145941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19's infection control policies have hindered the Deliberate Practice of clinical examinations. Guided Mental Rehearsal (GMR) may overcome this obstacle by facilitating independent, repetitive practice. Underpinned by the 'Motor Simulation Theory,' GMR reinforces similar neuro-circuit activations during physical practice and was proven effective in surgical training. METHODS This prospective, randomized controlled study evaluated the efficacy of GMR versus 'peer-learning' of Confrontational Visual Field Examination (CVFE). Third-year medical-students without clinical Ophthalmology experience were recruited. Controls (n = 40) watched an e-learning instructional video (8-min CVFE tutorial) followed by 6-min of 'peer-learning.' GMR-students (n = 40) had 'peer-learning' replaced by a 6-min GMR audio-recording (CVFE running commentary). Pre-test and post-test MCQs were administered to determine baseline knowledge and knowledge acquisition, respectively. 28 controls and 26 GMR-students performed CVFE on simulated patients with right homonymous hemianopia. Four Ophthalmologists graded their performances using a checklist-based marking scheme. RESULTS Both groups did not exhibit a significant difference in pre-test scores (8.550 vs. 7.947, p = 0.266); outcome of sub-group analysis of CVFE-performing candidates was similar (8.214 vs. 7.833, p = 0.561). Post-test scores were significantly higher than pre-test in both groups (all p < .001), without inter-group difference (14.000 vs. 15.000, p = 0.715). GMR-group had significantly higher scores on CVFE performance than controls (85.354 vs. 73.679%, p = .001). CONCLUSIONS GMR improved psychomotor but not cognitive aspect of learning CVFE. This may be attributable to GMR's theoretical resemblance with physical practice, with additional expert guidance. By enabling independent learning, GMR may also reduce the demand for teaching manpower and thus education cost in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Ding
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew Shi-Jie Yap
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zheng Xian Thng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicola Yi'an Gan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Johnson Choon-Hwai Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Chew Yip
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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5
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Korivand S, Jalili N, Gong J. Experiment protocols for brain-body imaging of locomotion: A systematic review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1051500. [PMID: 36937690 PMCID: PMC10014824 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1051500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human locomotion is affected by several factors, such as growth and aging, health conditions, and physical activity levels for maintaining overall health and well-being. Notably, impaired locomotion is a prevalent cause of disability, significantly impacting the quality of life of individuals. The uniqueness and high prevalence of human locomotion have led to a surge of research to develop experimental protocols for studying the brain substrates, muscle responses, and motion signatures associated with locomotion. However, from a technical perspective, reproducing locomotion experiments has been challenging due to the lack of standardized protocols and benchmarking tools, which impairs the evaluation of research quality and the validation of previous findings. Methods This paper addresses the challenges by conducting a systematic review of existing neuroimaging studies on human locomotion, focusing on the settings of experimental protocols, such as locomotion intensity, duration, distance, adopted brain imaging technologies, and corresponding brain activation patterns. Also, this study provides practical recommendations for future experiment protocols. Results The findings indicate that EEG is the preferred neuroimaging sensor for detecting brain activity patterns, compared to fMRI, fNIRS, and PET. Walking is the most studied human locomotion task, likely due to its fundamental nature and status as a reference task. In contrast, running has received little attention in research. Additionally, cycling on an ergometer at a speed of 60 rpm using fNIRS has provided some research basis. Dual-task walking tasks are typically used to observe changes in cognitive function. Moreover, research on locomotion has primarily focused on healthy individuals, as this is the scenario most closely resembling free-living activity in real-world environments. Discussion Finally, the paper outlines the standards and recommendations for setting up future experiment protocols based on the review findings. It discusses the impact of neurological and musculoskeletal factors, as well as the cognitive and locomotive demands, on the experiment design. It also considers the limitations imposed by the sensing techniques used, including the acceptable level of motion artifacts in brain-body imaging experiments and the effects of spatial and temporal resolutions on brain sensor performance. Additionally, various experiment protocol constraints that need to be addressed and analyzed are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Korivand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Nader Jalili
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Jiaqi Gong
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Jiaqi Gong
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Butt AM, Alsaffar H, Alshareef M, Qureshi KK. AI Prediction of Brain Signals for Human Gait Using BCI Device and FBG Based Sensorial Platform for Plantar Pressure Measurements. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22083085. [PMID: 35459070 PMCID: PMC9025845 DOI: 10.3390/s22083085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) in developing modern solutions for biomedical problems such as the prediction of human gait for human rehabilitation is gaining ground. An attempt was made to use plantar pressure information through fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors mounted on an in-sole, in tandem with a brain-computer interface (BCI) device to predict brain signals corresponding to sitting, standing and walking postures of a person. Posture classification was attained with an accuracy range between 87–93% from FBG and BCI signals using machine learning models such as K-nearest neighbor (KNN), logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and naïve Bayes (NB). These models were used to identify electrodes responding to sitting, standing and walking activities of four users from a 16 channel BCI device. Six electrode positions based on the 10–20 system for electroencephalography (EEG) were identified as the most sensitive to plantar activities and found to be consistent with clinical investigations of the sensorimotor cortex during foot movement. A prediction of brain EEG corresponding to given FBG data with lowest mean square error (MSE) values (0.065–0.109) was made with the selection of a long-short term memory (LSTM) machine learning model when compared to the recurrent neural network (RNN) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Muhammad Butt
- College of Chemicals & Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-537651766
| | - Hassan Alsaffar
- Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.); (M.A.)
- Physics Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhannad Alshareef
- Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Khurram Karim Qureshi
- Optical Communications and Sensors Laboratory (OCSL), Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;
- Center for Communication Systems & Sensing, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Cabaraux P, Agrawal SK, Cai H, Calabro RS, Casali C, Damm L, Doss S, Habas C, Horn AKE, Ilg W, Louis ED, Mitoma H, Monaco V, Petracca M, Ranavolo A, Rao AK, Ruggieri S, Schirinzi T, Serrao M, Summa S, Strupp M, Surgent O, Synofzik M, Tao S, Terasi H, Torres-Russotto D, Travers B, Roper JA, Manto M. Consensus Paper: Ataxic Gait. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 22:394-430. [PMID: 35414041 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01373-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this consensus paper is to discuss the roles of the cerebellum in human gait, as well as its assessment and therapy. Cerebellar vermis is critical for postural control. The cerebellum ensures the mapping of sensory information into temporally relevant motor commands. Mental imagery of gait involves intrinsically connected fronto-parietal networks comprising the cerebellum. Muscular activities in cerebellar patients show impaired timing of discharges, affecting the patterning of the synergies subserving locomotion. Ataxia of stance/gait is amongst the first cerebellar deficits in cerebellar disorders such as degenerative ataxias and is a disabling symptom with a high risk of falls. Prolonged discharges and increased muscle coactivation may be related to compensatory mechanisms and enhanced body sway, respectively. Essential tremor is frequently associated with mild gait ataxia. There is growing evidence for an important role of the cerebellar cortex in the pathogenesis of essential tremor. In multiple sclerosis, balance and gait are affected due to cerebellar and spinal cord involvement, as a result of disseminated demyelination and neurodegeneration impairing proprioception. In orthostatic tremor, patients often show mild-to-moderate limb and gait ataxia. The tremor generator is likely located in the posterior fossa. Tandem gait is impaired in the early stages of cerebellar disorders and may be particularly useful in the evaluation of pre-ataxic stages of progressive ataxias. Impaired inter-joint coordination and enhanced variability of gait temporal and kinetic parameters can be grasped by wearable devices such as accelerometers. Kinect is a promising low cost technology to obtain reliable measurements and remote assessments of gait. Deep learning methods are being developed in order to help clinicians in the diagnosis and decision-making process. Locomotor adaptation is impaired in cerebellar patients. Coordinative training aims to improve the coordinative strategy and foot placements across strides, cerebellar patients benefiting from intense rehabilitation therapies. Robotic training is a promising approach to complement conventional rehabilitation and neuromodulation of the cerebellum. Wearable dynamic orthoses represent a potential aid to assist gait. The panel of experts agree that the understanding of the cerebellar contribution to gait control will lead to a better management of cerebellar ataxias in general and will likely contribute to use gait parameters as robust biomarkers of future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Cabaraux
- Unité Des Ataxies Cérébelleuses, Department of Neurology, CHU de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium.
| | | | - Huaying Cai
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | | | - Carlo Casali
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Latina, Italy
| | - Loic Damm
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, Montpellier, France
| | - Sarah Doss
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA
| | - Christophe Habas
- Université Versailles Saint-Quentin, Versailles, France.,Service de NeuroImagerie, Centre Hospitalier National des 15-20, Paris, France
| | - Anja K E Horn
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology I, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Winfried Ilg
- Section Computational Sensomotorics, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elan D Louis
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hiroshi Mitoma
- Department of Medical Education, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Vito Monaco
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Petracca
- Department of Human Neurosciences, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ranavolo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Ashwini K Rao
- Department of Rehabilitation & Regenerative Medicine (Programs in Physical Therapy), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Serena Ruggieri
- Department of Human Neurosciences, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.,Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Schirinzi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Serrao
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Latina, Italy.,Movement Analysis LAB, Policlinico Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Summa
- MARlab, Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Strupp
- Department of Neurology and German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Olivia Surgent
- Neuroscience Training Program and Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Centre of Neurology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shuai Tao
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Smart Medical and Health, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, China
| | - Hiroo Terasi
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Diego Torres-Russotto
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, USA
| | - Brittany Travers
- Department of Kinesiology and Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jaimie A Roper
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Mario Manto
- Unité Des Ataxies Cérébelleuses, Department of Neurology, CHU de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium.,Service Des Neurosciences, University of Mons, UMons, Mons, Belgium
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8
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Jeanvoine H, Labriffe M, Tannou T, Navasiolava N, Ter Minassian A, Girot JB, Leiber LM, Custaud MA, Annweiler C, Dinomais M. Specific age-correlated activation of top hierarchical motor control areas during gait-like plantar stimulation: An fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 43:833-843. [PMID: 34738281 PMCID: PMC8720193 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of gait disorders that are associated with aging is crucial to prevent adverse outcomes. The functional study of gait remains a thorny issue due to technical constraints inherent to neuroimaging procedures, as most of them require to stay supine and motionless. Using an MRI‐compatible system of boots reproducing gait‐like plantar stimulation, we investigated the correlation between age and brain fMRI activation during simulated gait in healthy adults. Sixty‐seven right‐handed healthy volunteers aged between 20 and 77 years old (49.2 ± 18.0 years; 35 women) were recruited. Two paradigms were assessed consecutively: (a) gait‐like plantar stimulation and (b) chaotic and not gait‐related plantar stimulation. Resulting statistical parametric maps were analyzed with a multiple‐factor regression that included age and a threshold determined by Monte‐Carlo simulation to fulfill a family‐wise error rate correction of p < .05. In the first paradigm, there was an age‐correlated activation of the right pallidum, thalamus and putamen. The second paradigm showed an age‐correlated deactivation of both primary visual areas (V1). The subtraction between results of the first and second paradigms showed age‐correlated activation of the right presupplementary motor area (Brodmann Area [BA] 6) and right mid‐dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA9‐10). Our results show age‐correlated activity in areas that have been associated with the control of gait, highlighting the relevance of this simulation model for functional gait study. The specific progressive activation of top hierarchical control areas in simulated gait and advancing age corroborate a progressive loss of automation in healthy older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Jeanvoine
- Department of Radiology, Angers University Hospital, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Matthieu Labriffe
- Department of Radiology, Angers University Hospital, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Thomas Tannou
- Department of Geriatrics, Besançon University Hospital, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Integrative and Clinical Neurosciences, EA 481, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Nastassia Navasiolava
- Clinical Research Center, Angers University Hospital, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Aram Ter Minassian
- Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Girot
- Department of Radiology, Angers University Hospital, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Louis-Marie Leiber
- Department of Radiology, Angers University Hospital, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Marc-Antoine Custaud
- Clinical Research Center, Angers University Hospital, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Laboratoire de Biologie Neuro-Vasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée, UMR CNRS 6214 INSERM U1083, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Memory Clinic-Angers University Hospital, UPRES EA 4638-University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mickaël Dinomais
- Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Angers University Hospital, University of Angers, Angers, France
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9
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Brain Symmetry Analysis during the Use of a BCI Based on Motor Imagery for the Control of a Lower-Limb Exoskeleton. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13091746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCI) are systems that allow external devices to be controlled by means of brain activity. There are different such technologies, and electroencephalography (EEG) is an example. One of the most common EEG control methods is based on detecting changes in sensorimotor rhythms (SMRs) during motor imagery (MI). The aim of this study was to assess the laterality of cortical function when performing MI of the lower limb. Brain signals from five subjects were analyzed in two conditions, during exoskeleton-assisted gait and while static. Three different EEG electrode configurations were evaluated: covering both hemispheres, covering the non-dominant hemisphere and covering the dominant hemisphere. In addition, the evolution of performance and laterality with practice was assessed. Although sightly superior results were achieved with information from all electrodes, differences between electrode configurations were not statistically significant. Regarding the evolution during the experimental sessions, the performance of the BCI generally evolved positively the higher the experience was.
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10
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Ali P, Labriffe M, Paisant P, Custaud MA, Annweiler C, Dinomais M. Associations between gait speed and brain structure in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a quantitative neuroimaging study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 16:228-238. [PMID: 34338997 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00496-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) present gait disturbances including slower speed and higher variability when compared to cognitively healthy individuals (CHI). Brain neuroimaging could explore higher levels of motor control. Our purpose was to look for an association between morphometrics and gait parameters in each group. We hypothesized that the relation between morphological cerebral alteration and gait speed are different following the group. METHODS Fifty-three participants (30 with aMCI and 23 CHI) were recruited in this French cross-sectional study (mean 72 ± 5 years, 38% female). Gait speed and gait variability (coefficients of variation of stride time (STV) and stride length (SLV)) were measured using GAITrite® system. CAT12 software was used to analyse volume and surface morphometry like gray matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness (CT). Age, gender and education level were used as potential cofounders. RESULTS aMCI had slower gait speed and higher STV when compared to CHI. In aMCI the full adjusted linear regression model showed that lower gait speed was associated with decreased GMV and lower CT in bilateral superior temporal gyri (p < 0.36). In CHI, no association was found between gait speed and brain structure. Higher SLV was correlated with reduced GMV in spread regions (p < 0.05) and thinner cortex in the middle right frontal gyrus (p = 0.001) in aMCI. In CHI, higher SLV was associated with reduced GMV in 1 cluster: the left lingual (p = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that lower gait speed is associated with specific brain structural changes as reduced GMV and CT during aMCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Ali
- Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie Des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France. .,Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France. .,Les Capucins, Centre de Réadaptation Spécialisée et Soins Longue Durée, 11 Boulevard Jean Sauvage, F-49100, Angers, France.
| | - Matthieu Labriffe
- Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie Des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Radiology, Angers University Hospital, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Paul Paisant
- Les Capucins, Centre de Réadaptation Spécialisée et Soins Longue Durée, 11 Boulevard Jean Sauvage, F-49100, Angers, France
| | - Marc Antoine Custaud
- CRC, Clinical Research Center, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,MITOVASC Institute, UMR CNRS 6015, UMR INSERM 1083, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers University Memory Clinic, Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mickaël Dinomais
- Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie Des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,Les Capucins, Centre de Réadaptation Spécialisée et Soins Longue Durée, 11 Boulevard Jean Sauvage, F-49100, Angers, France
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11
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Collett J, Fleming MK, Meester D, Al-Yahya E, Wade DT, Dennis A, Salvan P, Meaney A, Cockburn J, Dawes J, Johansen-Berg H, Dawes H. Dual-task walking and automaticity after Stroke: Insights from a secondary analysis and imaging sub-study of a randomised controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2021; 35:1599-1610. [PMID: 34053250 PMCID: PMC8524683 DOI: 10.1177/02692155211017360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the extent to which initial walking speed influences dual-task performance after walking intervention, hypothesising that slow walking speed affects automatic gait control, limiting executive resource availability. DESIGN A secondary analysis of a trial of dual-task (DT) and single-task (ST) walking interventions comparing those with good (walking speed ⩾0.8 m s-1, n = 21) and limited (walking speed <0.79 m s-1, n = 24) capacity at baseline. SETTING Community. SUBJECTS Adults six-months post stroke with walking impairment. INTERVENTIONS Twenty sessions of 30 minutes treadmill walking over 10 weeks with (DT) or without (ST) cognitive distraction. Good and limited groups were formed regardless of intervention received. MAIN MEASURES A two-minute walk with (DT) and without (ST) a cognitive distraction assessed walking. fNIRS measured prefrontal cortex activation during treadmill walking with (DT) and without (ST) Stroop and planning tasks and an fMRI sub-study used ankle-dorsiflexion to simulate walking. RESULTS ST walking improved in both groups (∆baseline: Good = 8.9 ± 13.4 m, limited = 5.3±8.9 m, Group × time = P < 0.151) but only the good walkers improved DT walking (∆baseline: Good = 10.4 ± 13.9 m, limited = 1.3 ± 7.7 m, Group × time = P < 0.025). fNIRS indicated increased ispilesional prefrontal cortex activation during DT walking following intervention (P = 0.021). fMRI revealed greater DT cost activation for limited walkers, and increased resting state connectivity of contralesional M1 with cortical areas associated with conscious gait control at baseline. After the intervention, resting state connectivity between ipsilesional M1 and bilateral superior parietal lobe, involved in integrating sensory and motor signals, increased in the good walkers compared with limited walkers. CONCLUSION In individual who walk slowly it may be difficult to improve dual-task walking ability.Registration: ISRCTN50586966.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Collett
- Centre for Movement, Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Melanie K Fleming
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Daan Meester
- Centre for Movement, Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Emad Al-Yahya
- Centre for Movement, Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.,School of Rehabilitation Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Derick T Wade
- Centre for Movement, Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea Dennis
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Piergiorgio Salvan
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Meaney
- Centre for Movement, Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Joanna Dawes
- Department of Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Brunel University, London, UK
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Helen Dawes
- Centre for Movement, Occupational and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
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12
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Doolittle JD, Downey RJ, Imperatore JP, Dowdle LT, Lench DH, McLeod J, McCalley DM, Gregory CM, Hanlon CA. Evaluating a novel MR-compatible foot pedal device for unipedal and bipedal motion: Test-retest reliability of evoked brain activity. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 42:128-138. [PMID: 33089953 PMCID: PMC7721228 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a new, open‐source MR‐compatible device capable of assessing unipedal and bipedal lower extremity movement with minimal head motion and high test–retest reliability. To evaluate the prototype, 20 healthy adults participated in two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visits, separated by 2–6 months, in which they performed a visually guided dorsiflexion/plantar flexion task with their left foot, right foot, and alternating feet. Dependent measures included: evoked blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) signal in the motor network, head movement associated with dorsiflexion/plantar flexion, the test–retest reliability of these measurements. Left and right unipedal movement led to a significant increase in BOLD signal compared to rest in the medial portion of the right and left primary motor cortex (respectively), and the ipsilateral cerebellum (FWE corrected, p < .001). Average head motion was 0.10 ± 0.02 mm. The test–retest reliability was high for the functional MRI data (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs]: >0.75) and the angular displacement of the ankle joint (ICC: 0.842). This bipedal device can robustly isolate activity in the motor network during alternating plantarflexion and dorsiflexion with minimal head movement, while providing high test–retest reliability. Ultimately, these data and open‐source building instructions will provide a new, economical tool for investigators interested in evaluating brain function resulting from lower extremity movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade D Doolittle
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ryan J Downey
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Julia P Imperatore
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Logan T Dowdle
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel H Lench
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - John McLeod
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel M McCalley
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Chris M Gregory
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Colleen A Hanlon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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13
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Reinhardt J, Rus-Oswald OG, Bürki CN, Bridenbaugh SA, Krumm S, Michels L, Stippich C, Kressig RW, Blatow M. Neural Correlates of Stepping in Healthy Elderly: Parietal and Prefrontal Cortex Activation Reflects Cognitive-Motor Interference Effects. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:566735. [PMID: 33132879 PMCID: PMC7550687 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.566735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Reinhardt
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Julia Reinhardt,
| | - Oana G. Rus-Oswald
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Céline N. Bürki
- Department of Radiology, Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Sabine Krumm
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lars Michels
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Stippich
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto W. Kressig
- University Department of Geriatric Medicine Felix Platter, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Blatow
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Abidi M, Marco G, Grami F, Termoz N, Couillandre A, Querin G, Bede P, Pradat P. Neural Correlates of Motor Imagery of Gait in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 53:223-233. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Malek Abidi
- LINP2‐AAPS Laboratory, UPL Paris Nanterre University Nanterre France
| | - Giovanni Marco
- LINP2‐AAPS Laboratory, UPL Paris Nanterre University Nanterre France
- COMUE Paris Lumières University Paris France
| | - Fatma Grami
- LINP2‐AAPS Laboratory, UPL Paris Nanterre University Nanterre France
| | - Nicolas Termoz
- LINP2‐AAPS Laboratory, UPL Paris Nanterre University Nanterre France
- COMUE Paris Lumières University Paris France
| | - Annabelle Couillandre
- LINP2‐AAPS Laboratory, UPL Paris Nanterre University Nanterre France
- COMUE Paris Lumières University Paris France
| | - Giorgia Querin
- Department of Neurology Pitié‐Salpêtrière University Hospital Paris France
- Biomedical Imaging Laboratory Sorbonne University, CNRS, INSERM Paris France
| | - Peter Bede
- Department of Neurology Pitié‐Salpêtrière University Hospital Paris France
- Biomedical Imaging Laboratory Sorbonne University, CNRS, INSERM Paris France
- Computational Neuroimaging Group Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Pierre‐Francois Pradat
- Department of Neurology Pitié‐Salpêtrière University Hospital Paris France
- Biomedical Imaging Laboratory Sorbonne University, CNRS, INSERM Paris France
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Ulster University Londonderry UK
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15
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Ali P, Labriffe M, Navasiolava N, Custaud MA, Dinomais M, Annweiler C. Vitamin D concentration and focal brain atrophy in older adults: a voxel-based morphometric study. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:554-558. [PMID: 32150789 PMCID: PMC7187697 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.50997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is involved in brain health and function. Our objective was to determine whether lower 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration was associated with focal brain volume reduction in older adults. Serum 25OHD concentration was measured among 53 older adults (72 ± 5 years; 38% female; mean 25OHD = 67.3 ± 20.8 nmol/L). Gray matter volume (GMV) was automatically segmented using voxel‐based morphometry with CAT12 software. Covariables were age, gender, education, total intracranial volume, and season. Serum 25OHD was positively associated with GMV in left calcarine sulcus (P < 0.05, TFCE, FWE‐corrected). We found atrophy of the calcarine sulcus with lower 25OHD concentrations in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Ali
- Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers - Université Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Matthieu Labriffe
- Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers - Université Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Radiology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | | | - Marc-Antoine Custaud
- Clinical Research Center, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,MITOVASC Institute, UMR CNRS 6015, UMR INSERM 1083, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Mickaël Dinomais
- Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, EA7315, University of Angers - Université Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,Memory Clinic, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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16
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rTMS treatment of visual hallucinations using a connectivity-based targeting method - A case study. Brain Stimul 2019; 12:1622-1624. [PMID: 31543281 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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17
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Pechenkova E, Nosikova I, Rumshiskaya A, Litvinova L, Rukavishnikov I, Mershina E, Sinitsyn V, Van Ombergen A, Jeurissen B, Jillings S, Laureys S, Sijbers J, Grishin A, Chernikova L, Naumov I, Kornilova L, Wuyts FL, Tomilovskaya E, Kozlovskaya I. Alterations of Functional Brain Connectivity After Long-Duration Spaceflight as Revealed by fMRI. Front Physiol 2019; 10:761. [PMID: 31333476 PMCID: PMC6621543 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study reports alterations of task-based functional brain connectivity in a group of 11 cosmonauts after a long-duration spaceflight, compared to a healthy control group not involved in the space program. To elicit the postural and locomotor sensorimotor mechanisms that are usually most significantly impaired when space travelers return to Earth, a plantar stimulation paradigm was used in a block design fMRI study. The motor control system activated by the plantar stimulation involved the pre-central and post-central gyri, SMA, SII/operculum, and, to a lesser degree, the insular cortex and cerebellum. While no post-flight alterations were observed in terms of activation, the network-based statistics approach revealed task-specific functional connectivity modifications within a broader set of regions involving the activation sites along with other parts of the sensorimotor neural network and the visual, proprioceptive, and vestibular systems. The most notable findings included a post-flight increase in the stimulation-specific connectivity of the right posterior supramarginal gyrus with the rest of the brain; a strengthening of connections between the left and right insulae; decreased connectivity of the vestibular nuclei, right inferior parietal cortex (BA40) and cerebellum with areas associated with motor, visual, vestibular, and proprioception functions; and decreased coupling of the cerebellum with the visual cortex and the right inferior parietal cortex. The severity of space motion sickness symptoms was found to correlate with a post- to pre-flight difference in connectivity between the right supramarginal gyrus and the left anterior insula. Due to the complex nature and rapid dynamics of adaptation to gravity alterations, the post-flight findings might be attributed to both the long-term microgravity exposure and to the readaptation to Earth's gravity that took place between the landing and post-flight MRI session. Nevertheless, the results have implications for the multisensory reweighting and gravitational motor system theories, generating hypotheses to be tested in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inna Nosikova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alena Rumshiskaya
- Radiology Department, Federal Center of Treatment and Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liudmila Litvinova
- Radiology Department, Federal Center of Treatment and Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya Rukavishnikov
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Mershina
- Medical Research and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentin Sinitsyn
- Medical Research and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Angelique Van Ombergen
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, Faculty of Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ben Jeurissen
- iMec/Vision Lab, Faculty of Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven Jillings
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, Faculty of Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness Research Centre, Neurology Department, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Steven Laureys
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness Research Centre, Neurology Department, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jan Sijbers
- iMec/Vision Lab, Faculty of Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Ludmila Chernikova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Naumov
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila Kornilova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Floris L. Wuyts
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, Faculty of Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elena Tomilovskaya
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Inessa Kozlovskaya
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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18
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Groff BR, Antonellis P, Schmid KK, Knarr BA, Stergiou N. Stride-time variability is related to sensorimotor cortical activation during forward and backward walking. Neurosci Lett 2019; 692:150-158. [PMID: 30367957 PMCID: PMC6351206 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to show that motor areas of the cortex are activated more while walking backward compared to walking forward. It is also known that head movement creates motion artifacts in fNIRS data. The aim of this study was to investigate cortical activation during forward and backward walking, while also measuring head movement. We hypothesized that greater activation in motor areas while walking backward would be concurrent with increased head movement. Participants performed forward and backward walking on a treadmill. Participants wore motion capture markers on their head to quantify head movement and pressure sensors on their feet to calculate stride-time. fNIRS was placed over motor areas of the cortex to measure cortical activation. Measurements were compared for forward and backward walking conditions. No significant differences in body movement or head movement were observed between forward and backward walking conditions, suggesting that conditional differences in movement did not influence fNIRS results. Stride-time was significantly shorter during backward walking than during forward walking, but not more variable. There were no differences in activation for motor areas of the cortex when outliers were removed. However, there was a positive correlation between stride-time variability and activation in the primary motor cortex. This positive correlation between motor cortex activation and stride-time variability suggests that forward walking variability may be represented in the primary motor cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boman R Groff
- Department of Biomechanics and Center for Research in Human Movement Variability, College of Education, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6160 University Drive South, Omaha, NE, 68182-0860, USA
| | - Prokopios Antonellis
- Department of Biomechanics and Center for Research in Human Movement Variability, College of Education, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6160 University Drive South, Omaha, NE, 68182-0860, USA
| | - Kendra K Schmid
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984375 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4375, USA
| | - Brian A Knarr
- Department of Biomechanics and Center for Research in Human Movement Variability, College of Education, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6160 University Drive South, Omaha, NE, 68182-0860, USA
| | - Nicholas Stergiou
- Department of Biomechanics and Center for Research in Human Movement Variability, College of Education, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6160 University Drive South, Omaha, NE, 68182-0860, USA; Department of Environmental, Agricultural, and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984388 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4388, USA.
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19
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Ghai S, Ghai I. Effects of Rhythmic Auditory Cueing in Gait Rehabilitation for Multiple Sclerosis: A Mini Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurol 2018; 9:386. [PMID: 29942278 PMCID: PMC6004404 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhythmic auditory cueing has been shown to enhance gait performance in several movement disorders. The "entrainment effect" generated by the stimulations can enhance auditory motor coupling and instigate plasticity. However, a consensus as to its influence over gait training among patients with multiple sclerosis is still warranted. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to analyze the effects of rhythmic auditory cueing in studies gait performance in patients with multiple sclerosis. This systematic identification of published literature was performed according to PRISMA guidelines, from inception until Dec 2017, on online databases: Web of science, PEDro, EBSCO, MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, and PROQUEST. Studies were critically appraised using PEDro scale. Of 602 records, five studies (PEDro score: 5.7 ± 1.3) involving 188 participants (144 females/40 males) met our inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed enhancements in spatiotemporal parameters of gait i.e., velocity (Hedge's g: 0.67), stride length (0.70), and cadence (1.0), and reduction in timed 25 feet walking test (-0.17). Underlying neurophysiological mechanisms, and clinical implications are discussed. This present review bridges the gaps in literature by suggesting application of rhythmic auditory cueing in conventional rehabilitation approaches to enhance gait performance in the multiple sclerosis community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Ghai
- Institute of Sports Science, Leibniz University Hanover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ishan Ghai
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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20
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Hsu CL, Best JR, Voss MW, Handy TC, Beauchet O, Lim C, Liu-Ambrose T. Functional Neural Correlates of Slower Gait Among Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 74:513-518. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Liang Hsu
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Center for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John R Best
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Center for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michelle W Voss
- Health, Brain, & Cognition Lab, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Todd C Handy
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Chris Lim
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Center for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Center for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Mejia Tobar A, Hyoudou R, Kita K, Nakamura T, Kambara H, Ogata Y, Hanakawa T, Koike Y, Yoshimura N. Decoding of Ankle Flexion and Extension from Cortical Current Sources Estimated from Non-invasive Brain Activity Recording Methods. Front Neurosci 2018; 11:733. [PMID: 29358903 PMCID: PMC5766671 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The classification of ankle movements from non-invasive brain recordings can be applied to a brain-computer interface (BCI) to control exoskeletons, prosthesis, and functional electrical stimulators for the benefit of patients with walking impairments. In this research, ankle flexion and extension tasks at two force levels in both legs, were classified from cortical current sources estimated by a hierarchical variational Bayesian method, using electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) recordings. The hierarchical prior for the current source estimation from EEG was obtained from activated brain areas and their intensities from an fMRI group (second-level) analysis. The fMRI group analysis was performed on regions of interest defined over the primary motor cortex, the supplementary motor area, and the somatosensory area, which are well-known to contribute to movement control. A sparse logistic regression method was applied for a nine-class classification (eight active tasks and a resting control task) obtaining a mean accuracy of 65.64% for time series of current sources, estimated from the EEG and the fMRI signals using a variational Bayesian method, and a mean accuracy of 22.19% for the classification of the pre-processed of EEG sensor signals, with a chance level of 11.11%. The higher classification accuracy of current sources, when compared to EEG classification accuracy, was attributed to the high number of sources and the different signal patterns obtained in the same vertex for different motor tasks. Since the inverse filter estimation for current sources can be done offline with the present method, the present method is applicable to real-time BCIs. Finally, due to the highly enhanced spatial distribution of current sources over the brain cortex, this method has the potential to identify activation patterns to design BCIs for the control of an affected limb in patients with stroke, or BCIs from motor imagery in patients with spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rikiya Hyoudou
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kahori Kita
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Advanced Neuroimaging, Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Advanced Neuroimaging, Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kambara
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yousuke Ogata
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Advanced Neuroimaging, Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Hanakawa
- Department of Advanced Neuroimaging, Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Koike
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Advanced Neuroimaging, Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsue Yoshimura
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Advanced Neuroimaging, Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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