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Wu PJ, Huang CH, Lee SY, Chang AYW, Wang WC, Lin CCK. The distinct and potentially conflicting effects of tDCS and tRNS on brain connectivity, cortical inhibition, and visuospatial memory. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1415904. [PMID: 38873654 PMCID: PMC11169625 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1415904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS), are emerging as promising tools for enhancing cognitive functions by modulating brain activity and enhancing cognitive functions. Despite their potential, the specific and combined effects of tDCS and tRNS on brain functions, especially regarding functional connectivity, cortical inhibition, and memory performance, are not well-understood. This study aims to explore the distinct and combined impacts of tDCS and tRNS on these neural and cognitive parameters. Using a within-subject design, ten participants underwent four stimulation conditions: sham, tDCS, tRNS, and combined tDCS + tRNS. We assessed the impact on resting-state functional connectivity, cortical inhibition via Cortical Silent Period (CSP), and visuospatial memory performance using the Corsi Block-tapping Test (CBT). Our results indicate that while tDCS appears to induce brain lateralization, tRNS has more generalized and dispersive effects. Interestingly, the combined application of tDCS and tRNS did not amplify these effects but rather suggested a non-synergistic interaction, possibly due to divergent mechanistic pathways, as observed across fMRI, CSP, and CBT measures. These findings illuminate the complex interplay between tDCS and tRNS, highlighting their non-additive effects when used concurrently and underscoring the necessity for further research to optimize their application for cognitive enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jung Wu
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsu Huang
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Yuh Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Alice Y. W. Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Wang
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chou-Ching K. Lin
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Jones KT, Gallen CL, Ostrand AE, Rojas JC, Wais P, Rini J, Chan B, Lago AL, Boxer A, Zhao M, Gazzaley A, Zanto TP. Gamma neuromodulation improves episodic memory and its associated network in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a pilot study. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 129:72-88. [PMID: 37276822 PMCID: PMC10583532 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is a predementia stage of Alzheimer's disease associated with dysfunctional episodic memory and limited treatment options. We aimed to characterize feasibility, clinical, and biomarker effects of noninvasive neurostimulation for aMCI. 13 individuals with aMCI received eight 60-minute sessions of 40-Hz (gamma) transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) targeting regions related to episodic memory processing. Feasibility, episodic memory, and plasma Alzheimer's disease biomarkers were assessed. Neuroplastic changes were characterized by resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and neuronal excitatory/inhibitory balance. Gamma tACS was feasible and aMCI participants demonstrated improvement in multiple metrics of episodic memory, but no changes in biomarkers. Improvements in episodic memory were most pronounced in participants who had the highest modeled tACS-induced electric fields and exhibited the greatest changes in RSFC. Increased RSFC was also associated with greater hippocampal excitability and higher baseline white matter integrity. This study highlights initial feasibility and the potential of gamma tACS to rescue episodic memory in an aMCI population by modulating connectivity and excitability within an episodic memory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Jones
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
| | - Courtney L Gallen
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Avery E Ostrand
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Julio C Rojas
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Peter Wais
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - James Rini
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Brandon Chan
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Argentina Lario Lago
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Adam Boxer
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Memory and Aging Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Min Zhao
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Vision Science and Dermatology, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Adam Gazzaley
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Theodore P Zanto
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
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Khan A, Mosbacher JA, Vogel SE, Binder M, Wehovz M, Moshammer A, Halverscheid S, Pustelnik K, Nitsche MA, Tong RKY, Grabner RH. Modulation of resting-state networks following repetitive transcranial alternating current stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1643-1655. [PMID: 37436503 PMCID: PMC10471656 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) offers a unique method to temporarily manipulate the activity of the stimulated brain region in a frequency-dependent manner. However, it is not clear if repetitive modulation of ongoing oscillatory activity with tACS over multiple days can induce changes in grey matter resting-state functional connectivity and white matter structural integrity. The current study addresses this question by applying multiple-session theta band stimulation on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) during arithmetic training. Fifty healthy participants (25 males and 25 females) were randomly assigned to the experimental and sham groups, half of the participants received individually adjusted theta band tACS, and half received sham stimulation. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance (rs-fMRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data were collected before and after 3 days of tACS-supported procedural learning training. Resting-state network analysis showed a significant increase in connectivity for the frontoparietal network (FPN) with the precuneus cortex. Seed-based analysis with a seed defined at the primary stimulation site showed an increase in connectivity with the precuneus cortex, posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and lateral occipital cortex. There were no effects on the structural integrity of white matter tracts as measured by fractional anisotropy, and on behavioral measures. In conclusion, the study suggests that multi-session task-associated tACS can produce significant changes in resting-state functional connectivity; however, changes in functional connectivity do not necessarily translate to changes in white matter structure or behavioral performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Khan
- Educational Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jochen A Mosbacher
- Educational Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stephan E Vogel
- Educational Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mira Binder
- Educational Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Wehovz
- Educational Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Arnulf Moshammer
- Educational Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Kolja Pustelnik
- Mathematics Institute, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
- Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, Bielefeld University, University Hospital OWL, University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Raymond Kai-Yu Tong
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Roland H Grabner
- Educational Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Bouchard AE, Renauld E, Fecteau S. Changes in resting-state functional MRI connectivity during and after transcranial direct current stimulation in healthy adults. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1229618. [PMID: 37545594 PMCID: PMC10398567 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1229618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at rest can influence behaviors. However, its mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study examined the effect of a single session of tDCS over the bilateral DLPFC on resting-state functional connectivity using fMRI (rs-fcMRI) during and after stimulation in healthy adults. We also investigated whether baseline rs-fcMRI predicted tDCS-induced changes in rs-fcMRI. Methods This was a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind, crossover study. We delivered tDCS for 30 min at 1 mA with the anode and cathode over the left and right DLPFC, respectively. We used seed-based analyses to measure tDCS-induced effects on whole-brain rs-fcMRI using a 3 (before, during, after stimulation) × 2 (active, sham stimulation) ANOVA. Results There were four significant Time × Stimulation interactions on the connectivity scores with the left DLPFC seed (under the anode electrode) and no interactions for the right DLPFC seed (under the cathode electrode). tDCS changed rs-fcMRI between the left DLPFC seed and parieto-occipital, parietal, parieto-occipitotemporal, and frontal clusters during and after stimulation, as compared to sham. Furthermore, rs-fcMRI prior to stimulation predicted some of these tDCS-induced changes in rs-fcMRI during and after stimulation. For instance, rs-fcMRI of the fronto-parietooccipital network predicted changes observed after active stimulation, rs-fcMRI of the fronto-parietal network predicted changes during active stimulation, whereas rs-fcMRI of the fronto-parieto-occipitotemporal and the frontal networks predicted changes both during and after active stimulation. Discussion Our findings reveal that tDCS modulated rs-fcMRI both during and after stimulation mainly in regions distal, but also in those proximal to the area under the anode electrode, which were predicted by rs-fcMRI prior to tDCS. It might be worth considering rs-fcMRI to optimize response to tDCS.
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Jones KT, Ostrand AE, Gazzaley A, Zanto TP. Enhancing cognitive control in amnestic mild cognitive impairment via at-home non-invasive neuromodulation in a randomized trial. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7435. [PMID: 37156876 PMCID: PMC10167304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with multi-domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment (md-aMCI) have an elevated risk of dementia and need interventions that may retain or remediate cognitive function. In a feasibility pilot study, 30 older adults aged 60-80 years with md-aMCI were randomized to 8 sessions of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) with simultaneous cognitive control training (CCT). The intervention took place within the participant's home without direct researcher assistance. Half of the participants received prefrontal theta tACS during CCT and the other half received control tACS. We observed high tolerability and adherence for at-home tACS + CCT. Within 1-week, only those who received theta tACS exhibited improved attentional abilities. Neuromodulation is feasible for in-home settings, which can be conducted by the patient, thereby enabling treatment in difficult to reach populations. TACS with CCT may facilitate cognitive control abilities in md-aMCI, but research in a larger population is needed to validate efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Jones
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Ln, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Ln, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
- Sandler Neurosciences Center, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Avery E Ostrand
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Ln, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Ln, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Adam Gazzaley
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Ln, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Ln, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Departments of Physiology and Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, 675 18th St, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Theodore P Zanto
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Ln, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Neuroscape, University of California-San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Ln, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
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Nardo D, Creasey M, Negus C, Pappa K, Aghaeifar A, Reid A, Josephs O, Callaghan MF, Crinion JT. Transcranial direct current stimulation with functional magnetic resonance imaging: a detailed validation and operational guide. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 6:143. [PMID: 37008187 PMCID: PMC10050906 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16679.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique used to modulate human brain and behavioural function in both research and clinical interventions. The combination of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with tDCS enables researchers to directly test causal contributions of stimulated brain regions, answering questions about the physiology and neural mechanisms underlying behaviour. Despite the promise of the technique, advances have been hampered by technical challenges and methodological variability between studies, confounding comparability/replicability. Methods: Here tDCS-fMRI at 3T was developed for a series of experiments investigating language recovery after stroke. To validate the method, one healthy volunteer completed an fMRI paradigm with three conditions: No-tDCS, Sham-tDCS, Anodal-tDCS. MR data were analysed with region-of-interest (ROI) analyses of the electrodes and reference site. Results: Quality assessment indicated no visible signal dropouts or distortions in the brain introduced by the tDCS equipment. After modelling scanner drift, motion-related variance, and temporal autocorrelation, we found that functional MR sensitivity was not degraded or adversely affected by the tDCS set-up and stimulation protocol across conditions in grey matter and in the three ROIs. Discussion: Key safety factors and risk mitigation strategies that must be taken into consideration when integrating tDCS into an fMRI environment are outlined. To obtain reliable results, we provide practical solutions to technical challenges and complications of the method. It is hoped that sharing these data and Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) will promote methodological replication in future studies, enhancing the quality of tDCS-fMRI application, and improve the reliability of scientific results in this field. Conclusions: Our method and data provide a technically safe, reliable tDCS-fMRI procedure to obtain high quality MR data. The detailed framework of the SOP systematically reports the technical and procedural elements of our tDCS-fMRI approach, which can be adopted and prove useful in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Nardo
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Education, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Megan Creasey
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Clive Negus
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katerina Pappa
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ali Aghaeifar
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alphonso Reid
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Josephs
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Jenny T. Crinion
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
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Chen X, Ma R, Zhang W, Zeng GQ, Wu Q, Yimiti A, Xia X, Cui J, Liu Q, Meng X, Bu J, Chen Q, Pan Y, Yu NX, Wang S, Deng ZD, Sack AT, Laughlin MM, Zhang X. Alpha oscillatory activity is causally linked to working memory retention. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3001999. [PMID: 36780560 PMCID: PMC9983870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have reported correlations between alpha oscillations and the "retention" subprocess of working memory (WM), causal evidence has been limited in human neuroscience due to the lack of delicate modulation of human brain oscillations. Conventional transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is not suitable for demonstrating the causal evidence for parietal alpha oscillations in WM retention because of its inability to modulate brain oscillations within a short period (i.e., the retention subprocess). Here, we developed an online phase-corrected tACS system capable of precisely correcting for the phase differences between tACS and concurrent endogenous oscillations. This system permits the modulation of brain oscillations at the target stimulation frequency within a short stimulation period and is here applied to empirically demonstrate that parietal alpha oscillations causally relate to WM retention. Our experimental design included both in-phase and anti-phase alpha-tACS applied to participants during the retention subprocess of a modified Sternberg paradigm. Compared to in-phase alpha-tACS, anti-phase alpha-tACS decreased both WM performance and alpha activity. These findings strongly support a causal link between alpha oscillations and WM retention and illustrate the broad application prospects of phase-corrected tACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Chen
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru Ma
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ginger Qinghong Zeng
- Application Technology Center of Physical Therapy to Brain Disorders, Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qianying Wu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America
| | - Ajiguli Yimiti
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xinzhao Xia
- Centers for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jiangtian Cui
- Centers for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Qiongwei Liu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xueer Meng
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Junjie Bu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior, School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nancy Xiaonan Yu
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shouyan Wang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-De Deng
- Noninvasive Neuromodulation Unit, Experimental Therapeutics & Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Alexander T. Sack
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Myles Mc Laughlin
- Exp ORL, Department of Neuroscience, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xiaochu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Science, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Application Technology Center of Physical Therapy to Brain Disorders, Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities & Social Science, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
- * E-mail:
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Bok J, Ha J, Ahn BJ, Jang Y. Disease-Modifying Effects of Non-Invasive Electroceuticals on β-Amyloid Plaques and Tau Tangles for Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010679. [PMID: 36614120 PMCID: PMC9821138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroceuticals refer to various forms of electronic neurostimulators used for therapy. Interdisciplinary advances in medical engineering and science have led to the development of the electroceutical approach, which involves therapeutic agents that specifically target neural circuits, to realize precision therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). To date, extensive studies have attempted to elucidate the disease-modifying effects of electroceuticals on areas in the brain of a patient with AD by the use of various physical stimuli, including electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic waves as well as ultrasound. Herein, we review non-invasive stimulatory systems and their effects on β-amyloid plaques and tau tangles, which are pathological molecular markers of AD. Therefore, this review will aid in better understanding the recent technological developments, applicable methods, and therapeutic effects of electronic stimulatory systems, including transcranial direct current stimulation, 40-Hz gamma oscillations, transcranial magnetic stimulation, electromagnetic field stimulation, infrared light stimulation and ionizing radiation therapy, and focused ultrasound for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsoo Bok
- Department of Medical and Digital Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of Korea
| | - Juchan Ha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Ju Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongwoo Jang
- Department of Medical and Digital Engineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04736, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2220-0655
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9
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Sayig-Keren RM, Dagan M, Cornejo Thumm P, Brozgol M, Gazit E, Manor B, Hausdorff JM. The Potential of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation to Alleviate Dual-Task Gait Costs in Older Adults: Insights from a Double-Blinded Pilot Study. Gerontology 2022; 69:513-518. [PMID: 36470231 PMCID: PMC10073237 DOI: 10.1159/000527171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The performance of an attention-demanding task while walking, i.e., dual-tasking, leads to dual-task costs (e.g., reduced gait speed) in older adults. Previous studies have shown that dual-task costs in gait are associated with future falls and cognitive decline. According to the communication through coherence hypothesis, transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) might help alleviate this problem. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a single session of theta-tACS targeting the left fronto-parietal network (L-FPN) on dual-task walking and cognitive function compared to sham stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, a node within the L-FPN. METHODS Twenty older adults completed a four-visit, double-blinded, within-subject, cross-over study in which usual-walking, dual-task walking, and cognitive function were evaluated before and immediately after 20 min of tACS, tDCS, or sham (order randomized) stimulation. Dual-task costs to gait speed (primary outcome) and other measures were analyzed. RESULTS The dual-task cost to gait speed tended to be lower (i.e., better) after tACS (p = 0.067, Cohen's d = 0.433∼small); tDCS significantly reduced this dual-task cost (p = 0.012, Cohen's d = 0.618∼medium), and sham stimulation had no effect (p = 0.467). tACS significantly reduced the dual-task cost to step length (p = 0.037, Cohen's d = 0.502∼medium); a trend was seen after tDCS (p = 0.069, Cohen's d = 0.443∼small). No statistical differences were found for other measures of gait or cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS The positive effects of tACS on dual-task gait speed and step length were roughly similar to those seen with tDCS. These results suggest that tACS affects the fronto-parietal network and, similar to tDCS, tACS may improve dual-tasking. Nonetheless, to achieve larger benefits and differentiate the effects of tACS and tDCS on brain function and dual-task walking in older adults, other stimulation montages and protocols should be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony M Sayig-Keren
- Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moria Dagan
- Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Pablo Cornejo Thumm
- Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marina Brozgol
- Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eran Gazit
- Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Brad Manor
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Hausdorff
- Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sacker School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
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10
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Shahdadian S, Wang X, Wanniarachchi H, Chaudhari A, Truong NCD, Liu H. Neuromodulation of brain power topography and network topology by prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation. J Neural Eng 2022; 19:10.1088/1741-2552/ac9ede. [PMID: 36317341 PMCID: PMC9795815 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac9ede] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) has shown promising benefits, including cognitive improvement, in healthy humans and in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we aimed to identify key cortical regions that present significant changes caused by tPBM in the electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillation powers and functional connectivity in the healthy human brain.Approach. A 64-channel EEG was recorded from 45 healthy participants during a 13 min period consisting of a 2 min baseline, 8 min tPBM/sham intervention, and 3 min recovery. After pre-processing and normalizing the EEG data at the five EEG rhythms, cluster-based permutation tests were performed for multiple comparisons of spectral power topographies, followed by graph-theory analysis as a topological approach for quantification of brain connectivity metrics at global and nodal/cluster levels.Main results. EEG power enhancement was observed in clusters of channels over the frontoparietal regions in the alpha band and the centroparietal regions in the beta band. The global measures of the network revealed a reduction in synchronization, global efficiency, and small-worldness of beta band connectivity, implying an enhancement of brain network complexity. In addition, in the beta band, nodal graphical analysis demonstrated significant increases in local information integration and centrality over the frontal clusters, accompanied by a decrease in segregation over the bilateral frontal, left parietal, and left occipital regions.Significance.Frontal tPBM increased EEG alpha and beta powers in the frontal-central-parietal regions, enhanced the complexity of the global beta-wave brain network, and augmented local information flow and integration of beta oscillations across prefrontal cortical regions. This study sheds light on the potential link between electrophysiological effects and human cognitive improvement induced by tPBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hanli Liu
- Authors to whom any correspondence should be addressed,
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11
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Lisoni J, Baldacci G, Nibbio G, Zucchetti A, Butti Lemmi Gigli E, Savorelli A, Facchi M, Miotto P, Deste G, Barlati S, Vita A. Effects of bilateral, bipolar-nonbalanced, frontal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on negative symptoms and neurocognition in a sample of patients living with schizophrenia: Results of a randomized double-blind sham-controlled trial. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 155:430-442. [PMID: 36182772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Negative symptoms (NS), conceived as Avolition-Apathy (AA) and Expressive Deficit (EXP) domains, and neurocognitive impairments represent unmet therapeutic needs for patients with schizophrenia. The present study investigated if bilateral bipolar-nonbalanced frontal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) could improve these psychopathological dimensions. This randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study (active-tDCS versus sham-tDCS, both, n = 25) included 50 outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia clinically stabilized. Patients received 20-min 2 mA active-tDCS or sham-tDCS (anode: left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex; cathode: right orbitofrontal region). Primary outcomes included: PANSS-Negative subscale, Negative Factor (Neg-PANSS), AA and EXP domains; neurocognitive performance at Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. Secondary outcomes included: PANSS subscales and total score, Disorganized/Concrete (DiscC-PANSS) and Positive Factors, Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scores, clinical insight at Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed evaluating between-group changes over time. Significant improvements following active-tDCS were observed for all NS measures (all, p < 0.001; d > 0.8) and for working memory (p = 0.025, d = 0.31). Greater variations following to active treatment emerged also for PANSS-General Psychopathology subscale (p < 0.001; d = 0.54), PANSS total score (p < 0.001; d = 0.69), CGI indexes (all, p < 0.001; d > 0.6), DiscC-PANSS (p < 0.001; d = 0.80) and SUMD-general Unawareness index (p = 0.005; d = 0.15) but not for positive symptoms and others insight measures. Good safety/tolerability profiles were found. Bilateral bipolar-nonbalanced frontal-tDCS is a non-pharmacological approach in schizophrenia effectively improving NS, particularly the AA and EXP domains, probably acting by modulating dysfunctional cortical-subcortical networks. Preliminary results also suggest working memory improvements following tDCS. Further studies are needed to confirm the neurobiological basis of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Lisoni
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Giulia Baldacci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Nibbio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Zucchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Arianna Savorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michele Facchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Miotto
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Deste
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Barlati
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Vita
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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12
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Zhang D, Liu J, Fan L, Liu Q. Quantitative description of the relationship between the enhancement of distraction-suppression and brain local state alteration after transcranial direct current stimulation. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:984893. [PMID: 36148150 PMCID: PMC9485618 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.984893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) can improve distraction suppression ability, possibly by distantly regulating the connection properties of several large-scale brain networks and local brain state changes. However, little is known about the local state alteration that tDCS can induce in distant but task-related regions and the relationship between performance enhancement and local state alteration in potentially related regions, resulting in inefficient and uncertain tDCS regulation. We aimed to examine the alteration of brain local state before and after tDCS and its relationship with performance enhancement. With the within-subject design, the participants received anodal (1.5 mA) and sham tDCS at F3 (lDLPFC) for 20 min. The visual search task and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) were performed before and after stimulation. Anodal tDCS significantly enhanced distraction suppression. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in the left parietal region significantly decreased, the decrement significantly positively correlated with performance enhancement after anodal tDCS. As well, the regional homogeneity (ReHo) in the left precuneus significantly increased, and the increasement significantly positively correlated with performance enhancement. Anodal tDCS over the lDLPFC can distantly modulate the local state of the brain and improve the distraction suppression ability. These two aspects are closely related and provide a direct and efficient approach to enhancing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liu
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Fan
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Liu,
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13
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Huang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Mai X. Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Left Primary Motor Cortex on Verbal Intelligence. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:888590. [PMID: 35693542 PMCID: PMC9177941 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.888590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that changes in gray matter density and volume in the left primary motor cortex are significantly associated with changes in individuals’ verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ), but not with their performance intelligence quotient (PIQ). In the present study, we examined the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left primary motor cortex on performance in intelligence tests. We chose four subtests (two each for VIQ and PIQ) of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Chinese Revised version and randomized participants into anodal, cathodal, and sham groups. We found that anodal stimulation significantly improved performance in verbal intelligence subtests compared to cathodal and sham stimulation, while performance intelligence subtest scores did not change in any stimulation condition. These findings suggest that the excitation level of the left primary motor cortex has a unique effect on verbal intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Huang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yinling Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhe Zhang
- Psychological Counseling Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqin Mai
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqin Mai,
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14
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Hausman HK, Hardcastle C, Albizu A, Kraft JN, Evangelista ND, Boutzoukas EM, Langer K, O'Shea A, Van Etten EJ, Bharadwaj PK, Song H, Smith SG, Porges E, DeKosky ST, Hishaw GA, Wu S, Marsiske M, Cohen R, Alexander GE, Woods AJ. Cingulo-opercular and frontoparietal control network connectivity and executive functioning in older adults. GeroScience 2022; 44:847-866. [PMID: 34950997 PMCID: PMC9135913 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Executive function is a cognitive domain that typically declines in non-pathological aging. Two cognitive control networks that are vulnerable to aging-the cingulo-opercular (CON) and fronto-parietal control (FPCN) networks-play a role in various aspects of executive functioning. However, it is unclear how communication within these networks at rest relates to executive function subcomponents in older adults. This study examines the associations between CON and FPCN connectivity and executive function performance in 274 older adults across working memory, inhibition, and set-shifting tasks. Average CON connectivity was associated with better working memory, inhibition, and set-shifting performance, while average FPCN connectivity was associated solely with working memory. CON region of interest analyses revealed significant connections with classical hub regions (i.e., anterior cingulate and anterior insula) for each task, language regions for verbal working memory, right hemisphere dominance for inhibitory control, and widespread network connections for set-shifting. FPCN region of interest analyses revealed largely right hemisphere fronto-parietal connections important for working memory and a few temporal lobe connections for set-shifting. These findings characterize differential brain-behavior relationships between cognitive control networks and executive function in aging. Future research should target these networks for intervention to potentially attenuate executive function decline in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna K Hausman
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Cheshire Hardcastle
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alejandro Albizu
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jessica N Kraft
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nicole D Evangelista
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Emanuel M Boutzoukas
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kailey Langer
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Andrew O'Shea
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Emily J Van Etten
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Pradyumna K Bharadwaj
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hyun Song
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Samantha G Smith
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Eric Porges
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Steven T DeKosky
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Georg A Hishaw
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Programs, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona and Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Consortium, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Samuel Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael Marsiske
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ronald Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gene E Alexander
- Brain Imaging, Behavior and Aging Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Programs, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona and Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Consortium, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Adam J Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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15
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Peng Y, Zhao J, Lu X, Dong J, Zhang S, Zhang J, Liu H, Zheng X, Wang X, Lan Y, Yan T. Efficacy of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Patients With Minimally Conscious State. Front Neurol 2022; 13:821286. [PMID: 35250824 PMCID: PMC8894202 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.821286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe treatment of patients in a minimally conscious state (MCS) remains challenging. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive therapeutic method in treating neurologic diseases by regulating the cortical excitability. The aim is to investigate the effect of tDCS in patients with MCS in this study.MethodsEleven patients in MCS were enrolled in the study. All the patients received 5 daily sessions of 20-min sham tDCS, followed by 10 sessions of 20-min real tDCS. The anodal electrode and cathodal electrodes were placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the right eyebrow, respectively. Assessment of Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) scores and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) scans was conducted three times in each patient: before tDCS (baseline, T0), post-sham tDCS at week 1 (T1), and post-real tDCS at week 2 (T2). The whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) was obtained by bilaterally computing FC from six seed regions: precuneus, middle frontal gyrus, supplemental motor area, angular gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and occipital lobe. One-way repeated measure ANOVA was used to compare the differences of CRS-R scores and FC at T0, T1, and T2. The false discovery rate correction of p < 0.001 was adopted for controlling multiple comparisons in FC analysis.ResultsFive patients with MCS showed obvious clinical improvement represented by increased CRS-R scores post- 2-week real tDCS. The CRS-R scores did not change post- 1-week sham treatment. No side effects were reported during the study. The FC of the bilateral supplementary motor area, right angular gyrus, and right superior temporal gyrus were significantly enhanced after 2-week real tDCS compared with that after 1-week sham-tDCS. In addition, FC of bilateral occipital lobe and right precuneus were significantly enhanced post- 2-week real tDCS compared with the baseline.ConclusionOur findings indicated that tDCS over DLPFC could serve as a potentially effective therapy for improving the consciousness state in patients with MCS. The FC in rs-fMRI can be modulated by tDCS at both the stimulation site (left DLPFC) and the distant regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingpu Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juntao Dong
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shunxi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huihua Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuyuan Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Wang
| | - Yue Lan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Yue Lan
| | - Tiebin Yan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Tiebin Yan
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16
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Temporal Interference (TI) Stimulation Boosts Functional Connectivity in Human Motor Cortex: A Comparison Study with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). Neural Plast 2022; 2022:7605046. [PMID: 35140781 PMCID: PMC8820942 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7605046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporal interference (TI) could stimulate deep motor cortex and induce movement without affecting the overlying cortex in previous mouse studies. However, there is still lack of evidence on potential TI effects in human studies. To fill this gap, we collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data on 40 healthy young participants both before and during TI stimulation on the left primary motor cortex (M1). We also chose a widely used simulation approach (tDCS) as a baseline condition. In the stimulation session, participants were randomly allocated to 2 mA TI or tDCS for 20 minutes. We used a seed-based whole brain correlation analysis method to quantify the strength of functional connectivity among different brain regions. Our results showed that both TI and tDCS significantly boosted functional connection strength between M1 and secondary motor cortex (premotor cortex and supplementary motor cortex). This is the first time to demonstrate substantial stimulation effect of TI in the human brain.
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17
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Bouchard AE, Dickler M, Renauld E, Lenglos C, Ferland F, Rouillard C, Leblond J, Fecteau S. Concurrent Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Gambling Disorder. Brain Connect 2021; 11:815-821. [PMID: 34128386 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2021.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) delivered over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) while patients are at rest can decrease craving in patients with substance-related and addictive disorders. Yet, the effects of tDCS on resting-state brain activity remain unknown in this population. This study examined the effects of tDCS on resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) with concurrent stimulation and functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with gambling disorder. Methods: This was a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind, crossover study. The anodal and cathodal electrodes were applied over the right and left DLPFC, respectively. Patients received 30 min of active and sham stimulation on separate days. rsFC was assessed before and during stimulation with seed-based analyses. Results: There was a significant increase of rsFC between the right DLPFC seed and the right superior parietal lobule during active stimulation as compared to during sham stimulation (p = 0.0059, corrected for multiple comparisons). There was also a positive correlation between rsFC change of this frontoparietal network and brain volume of the right DLPFC (p = 0.0042, corrected for multiple comparisons). Discussion: A single session of tDCS targeting the DLPFC strengthened functional connectivity in a frontoparietal circuit, known to be implicated in cognitive control, especially in patients with a greater volume of the region under the anode electrode. Impact statement Transcranial direct current stimulation increased the functional connectivity of a frontoparietal circuit in patients with gambling disorder. These changes were larger in patients with greater volume of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Transcranial direct current stimulation strengthened the connectivity of a brain network known to be associated with cognitive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Bouchard
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Maya Dickler
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Renauld
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Christophe Lenglos
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Francine Ferland
- Centre de Réadaptation en Dépendance, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Claude Rouillard
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Jean Leblond
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Shirley Fecteau
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
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18
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Orendáčová M, Kvašňák E. Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation and Neurofeedback on Alpha (EEG) Dynamics: A Review. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:628229. [PMID: 34305549 PMCID: PMC8297546 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.628229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and neurofeedback (NFB) are two different types of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, which can modulate brain activity and improve brain functioning. In this review, we compared the current state of knowledge related to the mechanisms of tACS and NFB and their effects on electroencephalogram (EEG) activity (online period/stimulation period) and on aftereffects (offline period/post/stimulation period), including the duration of their persistence and potential behavioral benefits. Since alpha bandwidth has been broadly studied in NFB and in tACS research, the studies of NFB and tACS in modulating alpha bandwidth were selected for comparing the online and offline effects of these two neuromodulation techniques. The factors responsible for variability in the responsiveness of the modulated EEG activity by tACS and NFB were analyzed and compared too. Based on the current literature related to tACS and NFB, it can be concluded that tACS and NFB differ a lot in the mechanisms responsible for their effects on an online EEG activity but they possibly share the common universal mechanisms responsible for the induction of aftereffects in the targeted stimulated EEG band, namely Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity. Many studies of both neuromodulation techniques report the aftereffects connected to the behavioral benefits. The duration of persistence of aftereffects for NFB and tACS is comparable. In relation to the factors influencing responsiveness to tACS and NFB, significantly more types of factors were analyzed in the NFB studies compared to the tACS studies. Several common factors for both tACS and NFB have been already investigated. Based on these outcomes, we propose several new research directions regarding tACS and NFB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Orendáčová
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Medical Informatics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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19
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Nardo D, Creasey M, Negus C, Pappa K, Aghaeifar A, Reid A, Josephs O, Callaghan MF, Crinion JT. Transcranial direct current stimulation with functional magnetic resonance imaging: a detailed validation and operational guide. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 6:143. [PMID: 37008187 PMCID: PMC10050906 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16679.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique used to modulate human brain and behavioural function in both research and clinical interventions. The combination of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with tDCS enables researchers to directly test causal contributions of stimulated brain regions, answering questions about the physiology and neural mechanisms underlying behaviour. Despite the promise of the technique, advances have been hampered by technical challenges and methodological variability between studies, confounding comparability/replicability. Methods: Here tDCS-fMRI at 3T was developed for a series of experiments investigating language recovery after stroke. To validate the method, one healthy volunteer completed an fMRI paradigm with three conditions: (i) No-tDCS, (ii) Sham-tDCS, (iii) 2mA Anodal-tDCS. MR data were analysed in SPM12 with region-of-interest (ROI) analyses of the two electrodes and reference sites. Results: Quality assessment indicated no visible signal dropouts or distortions introduced by the tDCS equipment. After modelling scanner drift, motion-related variance, and temporal autocorrelation, we found no field inhomogeneity in functional sensitivity metrics across conditions in grey matter and in the three ROIs. Discussion: Key safety factors and risk mitigation strategies that must be taken into consideration when integrating tDCS into an fMRI environment are outlined. To obtain reliable results, we provide practical solutions to technical challenges and complications of the method. It is hoped that sharing these data and SOP will promote methodological replication in future studies, enhancing the quality of tDCS-fMRI application, and improve the reliability of scientific results in this field. Conclusions: The method and data provided here provide a technically safe, reliable tDCS-fMRI procedure to obtain high quality MR data. The detailed framework of the Standard Operation Procedure SOP (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4606564) systematically reports the technical and procedural elements of our tDCS-fMRI approach, which we hope can be adopted and prove useful in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Nardo
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Education, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Megan Creasey
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Clive Negus
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katerina Pappa
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ali Aghaeifar
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alphonso Reid
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Josephs
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Jenny T. Crinion
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
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20
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fMRI and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES): A systematic review of parameter space and outcomes. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 107:110149. [PMID: 33096158 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The combination of non-invasive brain stimulation interventions with human brain mapping methods have supported research beyond correlational associations between brain activity and behavior. Functional MRI (fMRI) partnered with transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) methods, i.e., transcranial direct current (tDCS), transcranial alternating current (tACS), and transcranial random noise (tRNS) stimulation, explore the neuromodulatory effects of tES in the targeted brain regions and their interconnected networks and provide opportunities for individualized interventions. Advances in the field of tES-fMRI can be hampered by the methodological variability between studies that confounds comparability/replicability. In order to explore variability in the tES-fMRI methodological parameter space (MPS), we conducted a systematic review of 222 tES-fMRI experiments (181 tDCS, 39 tACS and 2 tRNS) published before February 1, 2019, and suggested a framework to systematically report main elements of MPS across studies. Publications dedicated to tRNS-fMRI were not considered in this systematic review. We have organized main findings in terms of fMRI modulation by tES. tES modulates activation and connectivity beyond the stimulated areas particularly with prefrontal stimulation. There were no two studies with the same MPS to replicate findings. We discuss how to harmonize the MPS to promote replication in future studies.
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21
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Chan MMY, Yau SSY, Han YMY. The neurobiology of prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in promoting brain plasticity: A systematic review and meta-analyses of human and rodent studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:392-416. [PMID: 33662444 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The neurobiological mechanisms underlying prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) remain elusive. Randomized, sham-controlled trials in humans and rodents applying in vivo prefrontal tDCS were included to explore whether prefrontal tDCS modulates resting-state and event-related functional connectivity, neural oscillation and synaptic plasticity. Fifty studies were included in the systematic review and 32 in the meta-analyses. Neuroimaging meta-analysis indicated anodal prefrontal tDCS significantly enhanced bilateral median cingulate activity [familywise error (FWE)-corrected p < .005]; meta-regression revealed a positive relationship between changes in median cingulate activity after tDCS and current density (FWE-corrected p < .005) as well as electric current strength (FWE-corrected p < .05). Meta-analyses of electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography data revealed nonsignificant changes (ps > .1) in both resting-state and event-related oscillatory power across all frequency bands. Applying anodal tDCS over the rodent hippocampus/prefrontal cortex enhanced long-term potentiation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the stimulated brain regions (ps <.005). Evidence supporting prefrontal tDCS administration is preliminary; more methodologically consistent studies evaluating its effects on cognitive function that include brain activity measurements are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody M Y Chan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sonata S Y Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yvonne M Y Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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22
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Mondino M, Lenglos C, Cinti A, Renauld E, Fecteau S. Eye tracking of smoking-related stimuli in tobacco use disorder: A proof-of-concept study combining attention bias modification with alpha-transcranial alternating current stimulation. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 214:108152. [PMID: 32645683 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco use disorder (TUD) is characterized by the presence of an attentional bias (AB) towards smoking-related stimuli. We investigated whether combining an AB modification paradigm (ABM) with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) reduces the AB towards smoking-related stimuli, as well as craving level and impulsive choices. METHODS In a sham-controlled, crossover preliminary study, 19 subjects with TUD received two stimulation arms: 1) active tACS (10 Hz, 2 mA, 30 min) combined with ABM and 2) sham tACS combined with ABM, in a randomized order, separated by one week. AB towards smoking cues during passive observation of smoking and neutral cues was assessed with an eye-tracking device and reactions times at a visual-probe task. Craving level was measured with the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges. Impulsive choices were assessed with the delay discounting task. RESULTS Active tACS combined with ABM reduced the amount of time spent looking at smoking-related pictures (p = 0.03), prevented the increase of self-reported desire to smoke (p = 0.026), and reduced the proportion of impulsive choices (p = 0.049), compared to sham tACS combined with ABM. No significant effects were reported on other craving dimensions and on AB based on reaction times. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary findings suggest that combining tACS with ABM may help smokers who wish to quit by reducing the desire to smoke, attention to smoking-cues, and impulsive decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Mondino
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Medical School, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, 2325 rue de l'Université, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Christophe Lenglos
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Medical School, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, 2325 rue de l'Université, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Alessandra Cinti
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Medical School, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, 2325 rue de l'Université, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Renauld
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Medical School, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, 2325 rue de l'Université, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Shirley Fecteau
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Medical School, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, 2325 rue de l'Université, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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