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Carvalho C, Moreira PI. MitoTempo protects against nε-carboxymethyl lysine-induced mitochondrial dyshomeostasis and neuronal cells injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:192-206. [PMID: 38734265 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Enhanced formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is a pivotal factor in diabetes pathophysiology, increasing the risk of diabetic complications. Nε-carboxy-methyl-lysine (CML) is one of the most relevant AGEs found in several tissues including the peripheral blood of diabetic subjects. Despite recognizing diabetes as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and the documented role of mitochondrial abnormalities in this connection, the impact of CML on neuronal mitochondria and its contribution to diabetes-related neurodegeneration remain uncertain. Here, we evaluated the effects of CML in differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Due to the association between mitochondrial dysfunction and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the possible protective effects of MitoTempo, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, were also evaluated. Several parameters were assessed namely cells viability, mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential, ATP and ROS production, Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, mito/autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and amyloidogenic and synaptic integrity markers. CML caused pronounced mitochondrial defects characterized by a significant decrease in mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential, and ATP production and an increase in ROS production. An accumulation of individual mitochondria associated with disrupted mitochondrial networks was also observed. Furthermore, CML caused mitochondrial fusion and a decrease in mitochondrial mass and induced ER stress associated with altered unfolded protein response and Ca2+ dyshomeostasis. Moreover, CML increased the protein levels of β-secretase-1 and amyloid precursor protein, key proteins involved in Alzheimer's Disease pathophysiology. All these effects contributed to the decline in neuronal cells viability. Notable, MitoTempo was able to counteract most of CML-mediated mitochondrial defects and neuronal cells injury and death. Overall, these findings suggest that CML induces pronounced defects in neuronal mitochondria and ER stress, predisposing to neurodegenerative events. More, our observations suggest that MitoTempo holds therapeutic promise in mitigating CML-induced mitochondrial imbalance and neuronal damage and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra (CNC-UC), Portugal; Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (III), University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Paula I Moreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra (CNC-UC), Portugal; Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Portugal; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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2
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Rahi V, Kaundal RK. Exploring the intricacies of calcium dysregulation in ischemic stroke: Insights into neuronal cell death and therapeutic strategies. Life Sci 2024; 347:122651. [PMID: 38642844 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) dysregulation is one of the main causes of neuronal cell death and brain damage after cerebral ischemia. During ischemic stroke, the ability of neurons to maintain Ca2+ homeostasis is compromised. Ca2+ regulates various functions of the nervous system, including neuronal activity and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Disruptions in Ca2+ homeostasis can trigger a cascade of events, including activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, which is associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. This response occurs when the cell is unable to manage protein folding within the ER due to various stressors, such as a high influx of Ca2+. Consequently, the UPR is initiated to restore ER function and alleviate stress, but prolonged activation can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and, ultimately, cell death. Hence, precise regulation of Ca2+ within the cell is mandatory. The ER and mitochondria are two such organelles that maintain intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis through various calcium-operating channels, including ryanodine receptors (RyRs), inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPases (SERCAs), the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX), the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs). These channels utilize Ca2+ sequestering and release mechanisms to maintain intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and ensure proper cellular function and survival. The present review critically evaluates the significance of Ca2+ and its physiological role in cerebral ischemia. We have compiled recent findings on calcium's role and emerging treatment strategies, particularly targeting mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, to address Ca2+ overload in cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Rahi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow 226 002, India
| | - Ravinder K Kaundal
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow 226 002, India.
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Nassrallah WB, Cheng J, Mackay JP, Hogg PW, Raymond LA. Mechanisms of synapse-to-nucleus calcium signalling in striatal neurons and impairments in Huntington's disease. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38770573 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a monogenic disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance. In HD patients, neurons in the striatum and cortex degenerate, leading to motor, psychiatric and cognitive disorders. Dysregulated synaptic function and calcium handling are common in many neurodegenerative diseases, including HD. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function is enhanced in HD at extrasynaptic sites, altering the balance of calcium-dependent neuronal survival versus death signalling pathways. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium handling is also abnormal in HD. The ER, which is continuous with the nuclear envelope, is purportedly involved in nuclear calcium signalling; based on this, we hypothesised that nuclear calcium signalling is altered in HD. We explored this hypothesis with calcium imaging techniques, including simultaneous epifluorescent imaging of cytosolic and nuclear calcium using jRCaMP1b and GCaMP3 sensors, respectively, in striatal spiny projection neurons in cortical-striatal co-cultures from the YAC128 mouse model of HD. Our data show contributions from a variety of calcium channels to nuclear calcium signalling. NMDA receptors (NMDARs) play an essential role in initiating action potential-dependent calcium signalling to the nucleus, and ryanodine receptors (RyR) contribute to both cytosolic and nuclear calcium signals. Unlike previous reports in glutamatergic hippocampal and cortical neurons, we found that in GABAergic striatal neurons, L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV) contribute to cytosolic, but not nuclear calcium signalling. Calcium imaging also suggests impairments in nuclear calcium signalling in HD striatal neurons, where spontaneous action potential-dependent calcium transients in the nucleus were smaller in YAC128 striatal neurons compared to those of wild-type (WT). Our results elucidate mechanisms involved in action potential-dependent nuclear calcium signalling in GABAergic striatal neurons, and have revealed a clear deficit in this signalling in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissam B Nassrallah
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Judy Cheng
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James P Mackay
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter W Hogg
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lynn A Raymond
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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4
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Liang LR, Liu B, Cao SH, Zhao YY, Zeng T, Zhai MT, Fan Z, He DY, Ma SX, Shi XT, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Integrated ribosome and proteome analyses reveal insights into sevoflurane-induced long-term social behavior and cognitive dysfunctions through ADNP inhibition in neonatal mice. Zool Res 2024; 45:663-678. [PMID: 38766748 PMCID: PMC11188609 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have demonstrated that repeated exposure to sevoflurane during development results in persistent social abnormalities and cognitive impairment. Davunetide, an active fragment of the activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), has been implicated in social and cognitive protection. However, the potential of davunetide to attenuate social deficits following sevoflurane exposure and the underlying developmental mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, ribosome and proteome profiles were analyzed to investigate the molecular basis of sevoflurane-induced social deficits in neonatal mice. The neuropathological basis was also explored using Golgi staining, morphological analysis, western blotting, electrophysiological analysis, and behavioral analysis. Results indicated that ADNP was significantly down-regulated following developmental exposure to sevoflurane. In adulthood, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) neurons exposed to sevoflurane exhibited a decrease in dendrite number, total dendrite length, and spine density. Furthermore, the expression levels of Homer, PSD95, synaptophysin, and vglut2 were significantly reduced in the sevoflurane group. Patch-clamp recordings indicated reductions in both the frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). Notably, davunetide significantly ameliorated the synaptic defects, social behavior deficits, and cognitive impairments induced by sevoflurane. Mechanistic analysis revealed that loss of ADNP led to dysregulation of Ca 2+ activity via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, resulting in decreased expression of synaptic proteins. Suppression of Wnt signaling was restored in the davunetide-treated group. Thus, ADNP was identified as a promising therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of neurodevelopmental toxicity caused by general anesthetics. This study provides important insights into the mechanisms underlying social and cognitive disturbances caused by sevoflurane exposure in neonatal mice and elucidates the regulatory pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Rong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Shu-Hui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - You-Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Tian Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, 986th Air Force Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Mei-Ting Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Ze Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Dan-Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - San-Xin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China. E-mail:
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5
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Thapa S, Nalli Y, Singh A, Singh SK, Ali A. Neuroprotective Effects of Cannabispirenone A against NMDA-Induced Excitotoxicity in Differentiated N2a Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2024; 2024:3530499. [PMID: 38855429 PMCID: PMC11161259 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3530499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system is found throughout the central nervous system, and its cannabinoids receptor 1 is critical in preventing neurotoxicity caused by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation (NMDARs). The activity of NMDARs places demands on endogenous cannabinoids to regulate their calcium currents. Endocannabinoids keep NMDAR activity within safe limits, protecting neural cells from excitotoxicity. Cannabinoids are remembered to deliver this outcome by repressing presynaptic glutamate discharge or obstructing postsynaptic NMDAR-managed flagging pathways. The endocannabinoid system must exert a negative influence proportional to the strength of NMDAR signaling for such control to be effective. The goal of this paper is to draw the attention towards the neuroprotective mechanism of constituents of Cannabis sativa against NMDA-induced excitotoxic result. Phytochemical investigation of the cannabis flowers led to the isolation of nine secondary metabolites. A spiro-compound, Cannabispirenone A, which on treatment of the cells prior to NMDA exposure significantly increases cell survival while decreasing ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and intracellular calcium. Our findings showed that this compound showed neuroprotection against NMDA-induced excitotoxic insult, has antioxidative properties, and increased cannabinoid receptor 1 expression, which may be involved in the signaling pathway for this neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Thapa
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Yedukondalu Nalli
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR–Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180001, India
| | - Ajeet Singh
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shashank Kr. Singh
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR–Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180001, India
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
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6
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Srivastav S, van der Graaf K, Jonnalagadda PC, Thawani M, McNew JA, Stern M. Motor neuron activity enhances the proteomic stress caused by autophagy defects in the target muscle. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0291477. [PMID: 38166124 PMCID: PMC10760831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence demonstrate that increased neuronal excitability can enhance proteomic stress. For example, epilepsy can enhance the proteomic stress caused by the expression of certain aggregation-prone proteins implicated in neurodegeneration. However, unanswered questions remain concerning the mechanisms by which increased neuronal excitability accomplishes this enhancement. Here we test whether increasing neuronal excitability at a particular identified glutamatergic synapse, the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction, can enhance the proteomic stress caused by mutations in the ER fusion/GTPase gene atlastin (atl). It was previously shown that larval muscle from the atl2 null mutant is defective in autophagy and accumulates protein aggregates containing ubiquitin (poly-UB aggregates). To determine if increased neuronal excitability might enhance the increased proteomic stress caused by atl2, we activated the TrpA1-encoded excitability channel within neurons. We found that TrpA1 activation had no effect on poly-UB aggregate accumulation in wildtype muscle, but significantly increased poly-UB aggregate number in atl2 muscle. Previous work has shown that atl loss from either neuron or muscle increases muscle poly-UB aggregate number. We found that neuronal TrpA1 activation enhanced poly-UB aggregate number when atl was removed from muscle, but not from neuron. Neuronal TrpA1 activation enhanced other phenotypes conferred by muscle atl loss, such as decreased pupal size and decreased viability. Taken together, these results indicate that the proteomic stress caused by muscle atl loss is enhanced by increasing neuronal excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Srivastav
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Kevin van der Graaf
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | | | - Maanvi Thawani
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - James A. McNew
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Michael Stern
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
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7
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Osipovich AB, Zhou FY, Chong JJ, Trinh LT, Cottam MA, Shrestha S, Cartailler JP, Magnuson MA. Deletion of Ascl1 in pancreatic β-cells improves insulin secretion, promotes parasympathetic innervation, and attenuates dedifferentiation during metabolic stress. Mol Metab 2023; 78:101811. [PMID: 37769990 PMCID: PMC10570713 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ASCL1, a pioneer transcription factor, is essential for neural cell differentiation and function. Previous studies have shown that Ascl1 expression is increased in pancreatic β-cells lacking functional KATP channels or after feeding of a high fat diet (HFD) suggesting that it may contribute to the metabolic stress response of β-cells. METHODS We generated β-cell-specific Ascl1 knockout mice (Ascl1βKO) and assessed their glucose homeostasis, islet morphology and gene expression after feeding either a normal diet or HFD for 12 weeks, or in combination with a genetic disruption of Abcc8, an essential KATP channel component. RESULTS Ascl1 expression is increased in response to both a HFD and membrane depolarization and requires CREB-dependent Ca2+ signaling. No differences in glucose homeostasis or islet morphology were observed in Ascl1βKO mice fed a normal diet or in the absence of KATP channels. However, male Ascl1βKO mice fed a HFD exhibited decreased blood glucose levels, improved glucose tolerance, and increased β-cell proliferation. Bulk RNA-seq analysis of islets from Ascl1βKO mice from three studied conditions showed alterations in genes associated with the secretory function. HFD-fed Ascl1βKO mice showed the most extensive changes with increased expression of genes necessary for glucose sensing, insulin secretion and β-cell proliferation, and a decrease in genes associated with β-cell dysfunction, inflammation and dedifferentiation. HFD-fed Ascl1βKO mice also displayed increased expression of parasympathetic neural markers and cholinergic receptors that was accompanied by increased insulin secretion in response to acetylcholine and an increase in islet innervation. CONCLUSIONS Ascl1 expression is induced by stimuli that cause Ca2+-signaling to the nucleus and contributes in a multifactorial manner to the loss of β-cell function by promoting the expression of genes associated with cellular dedifferentiation, attenuating β-cells proliferation, suppressing acetylcholine sensitivity, and repressing parasympathetic innervation of islets. Thus, the removal of Ascl1 from β-cells improves their function in response to metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Osipovich
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Frank Y Zhou
- College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Judy J Chong
- College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Linh T Trinh
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mathew A Cottam
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Shristi Shrestha
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Mark A Magnuson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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8
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Aaes TL, Burgoa Cardás J, Ravichandran KS. Defining solute carrier transporter signatures of murine immune cell subsets. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1276196. [PMID: 38077407 PMCID: PMC10704505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier (SLC) transporters are membrane-bound proteins that facilitate nutrient transport, and the movement across cellular membranes of various substrates ranging from ions to amino acids, metabolites and drugs. Recently, SLCs have gained increased attention due to their functional linkage to innate immunological processes such as the clearance of dead cells and anti-microbial defense. Further, the druggable nature of these transporters provides unique opportunities for improving outcomes in different immunological diseases. Although the SLCs represent the largest group of transporters and are often identified as significant hits in omics data sets, their role in immunology has been insufficiently explored. This is partly due to the absence of tools that allow identification of SLC expression in particular immune cell types and enable their comparison before embarking on functional studies. In this study, we used publicly available RNA-Seq data sets to analyze the transcriptome in adaptive and innate immune cells, focusing on differentially and highly expressed SLCs. This revealed several new insights: first, we identify differentially expressed SLC transcripts in phagocytes (macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils) compared to adaptive immune cells; second, we identify new potential immune cell markers based on SLC expression; and third, we provide user-friendly online tools for researchers to explore SLC genes of interest (and the rest of the genes as well), in three-way comparative dot plots among immune cells. We expect this work to facilitate SLC research and comparative transcriptomic studies across different immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Løve Aaes
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Cell Clearance in Health and Disease, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Javier Burgoa Cardás
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Cell Clearance in Health and Disease, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kodi S. Ravichandran
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Cell Clearance in Health and Disease, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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El-Ansary A, Al-Ayadhi L. Effects of Walnut and Pumpkin on Selective Neurophenotypes of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4564. [PMID: 37960217 PMCID: PMC10647375 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Special diets or nutritional supplements are regularly given to treat children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The increased consumption of particular foods has been demonstrated in numerous trials to lessen autism-related symptoms and comorbidities. A case study on a boy with moderate autism who significantly improved after three years of following a healthy diet consisting of pumpkin and walnuts was examined in this review in connection to a few different neurophenotypes of ASD. We are able to suggest that a diet high in pumpkin and walnuts was useful in improving the clinical presentation of the ASD case evaluated by reducing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, glutamate excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered gut microbiota, all of which are etiological variables. Using illustrated figures, a full description of the ways by which a diet high in pumpkin and nuts could assist the included case is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf El-Ansary
- Autism Center, Lotus Holistic Alternative Medical Center, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 110281, United Arab Emirates
- Autism Research and Treatment Center, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Laila Al-Ayadhi
- Autism Research and Treatment Center, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
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Jimenez-Tellez N, Pehar M, Visser F, Casas-Ortiz A, Rice T, Syed NI. Sevoflurane Exposure in Neonates Perturbs the Expression Patterns of Specific Genes That May Underly the Observed Learning and Memory Deficits. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108696. [PMID: 37240038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to commonly used anesthetics leads to neurotoxic effects in animal models-ranging from cell death to learning and memory deficits. These neurotoxic effects invoke a variety of molecular pathways, exerting either immediate or long-term effects at the cellular and behavioural levels. However, little is known about the gene expression changes following early neonatal exposure to these anesthetic agents. We report here on the effects of sevoflurane, a commonly used inhalational anesthetic, on learning and memory and identify a key set of genes that may likely be involved in the observed behavioural deficits. Specifically, we demonstrate that sevoflurane exposure in postnatal day 7 (P7) rat pups results in subtle, but distinct, memory deficits in the adult animals that have not been reported previously. Interestingly, when given intraperitoneally, pre-treatment with dexmedetomidine (DEX) could only prevent sevoflurane-induced anxiety in open field testing. To identify genes that may have been altered in the neonatal rats after sevoflurane and DEX exposure, specifically those impacting cellular viability, learning, and memory, we conducted an extensive Nanostring study examining over 770 genes. We found differential changes in the gene expression levels after exposure to both agents. A number of the perturbed genes found in this study have previously been implicated in synaptic transmission, plasticity, neurogenesis, apoptosis, myelination, and learning and memory. Our data thus demonstrate that subtle, albeit long-term, changes observed in an adult animal's learning and memory after neonatal anesthetic exposure may likely involve perturbation of specific gene expression patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Jimenez-Tellez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Marcus Pehar
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Frank Visser
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Alberto Casas-Ortiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Tiffany Rice
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Naweed I Syed
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
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11
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Gupta R, Kumari S, Tripathi R, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Unwinding the modalities of necrosome activation and necroptosis machinery in neurological diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101855. [PMID: 36681250 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a regulated form of cell death, is involved in the genesis and development of various life-threatening diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, cardiac myopathy, and diabetes. Necroptosis initiates with the formation and activation of a necrosome complex, which consists of RIPK1, RIPK2, RIPK3, and MLKL. Emerging studies has demonstrated the regulation of the necroptosis cell death pathway through the implication of numerous post-translational modifications, namely ubiquitination, acetylation, methylation, SUMOylation, hydroxylation, and others. In addition, the negative regulation of the necroptosis pathway has been shown to interfere with brain homeostasis through the regulation of axonal degeneration, mitochondrial dynamics, lysosomal defects, and inflammatory response. Necroptosis is controlled by the activity and expression of signaling molecules, namely VEGF/VEGFR, PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), ERK/MAPK, and Wnt/β-catenin. Herein, we briefly discussed the implication and potential of necrosome activation in the pathogenesis and progression of neurological manifestations, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and others. Further, we present a detailed picture of natural compounds, micro-RNAs, and chemical compounds as therapeutic agents for treating neurological manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Smita Kumari
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Rahul Tripathi
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), India.
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12
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Huang H, Oo TT, Apaijai N, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. An Updated Review of Mitochondrial Transplantation as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy Against Cerebral Ischemia and Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1865-1883. [PMID: 36595193 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03200-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of the progress made in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, it remains a leading cause of adult disability and death. To date, the most effective treatment for ischemic stroke is the timely recanalization of the occluded artery. However, the short time window and reperfusion injury have greatly limited its application and efficacy. Mitochondrial dysfunction and ATP depletion have become regarded as being hallmarks of neuropathophysiology following ischemic stroke. Mitochondrial transplantation is a novel potential therapeutic intervention for ischemic stroke that has sparked widespread concern during the past few years. This review summarizes and discusses the effects of mitochondrial transplantation in in vitro and in vivo ischemic stroke models. In addition, pharmacological interventions promoting mitochondrial transplantation are reviewed and discussed. We also discuss the potential challenges to the clinical application of mitochondrial transplantation in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huatuo Huang
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Thura Tun Oo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. .,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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13
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Iova OM, Marin GE, Lazar I, Stanescu I, Dogaru G, Nicula CA, Bulboacă AE. Nitric Oxide/Nitric Oxide Synthase System in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disorders-An Overview. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030753. [PMID: 36979000 PMCID: PMC10045816 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide, a ubiquitous molecule found throughout the natural world, is a key molecule implicated in many central and benefic molecular pathways and has a well-established role in the function of the central nervous system, as numerous studies have previously shown. Dysregulation of its metabolism, mainly the upregulation of nitric oxide production, has been proposed as a trigger and/or aggravator for many neurological affections. Increasing evidence supports the implication of this molecule in prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The mechanisms proposed for its neurotoxicity mainly center around the increased quantities of nitric oxide that are produced in the brain, their cause, and, most importantly, the pathological metabolic cascades created. These cascades lead to the formation of neuronal toxic substances that impair the neurons' function and structure on multiple levels. The purpose of this review is to present the main causes of increased pathological production, as well as the most important pathophysiological mechanisms triggered by nitric oxide, mechanisms that could help explain a part of the complex picture of neurodegenerative diseases and help develop targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga-Maria Iova
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gheorghe-Eduard Marin
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Izabella Lazar
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Stanescu
- Department of Neurology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Dogaru
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Viilor Street, No. 46-50, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Ariadna Nicula
- Department of Ophthalmology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Elena Bulboacă
- Department of Pathophysiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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14
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Li C, Sang C, Zhang S, Zhang S, Gao H. Effects of bisphenol A and bisphenol analogs on the nervous system. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:295-304. [PMID: 36848196 PMCID: PMC10106255 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Estrogen impacts neural development; meanwhile, it has a protective effect on the brain. Bisphenols, primarily bisphenol A (BPA), can exert estrogen-like or estrogen-interfering effects by binding with estrogen receptors. Extensive studies have suggested that neurobehavioral problems, such as anxiety and depression, can be caused by exposure to BPA during neural development. Increasing attention has been paid to the effects on learning and memory of BPA exposure at different developmental stages and in adulthood. Further research is required to elucidate whether BPA increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases and the underlying mechanisms, as well as to assess whether BPA analogs, such as bisphenol S and bisphenol F, influence the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chen Sang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
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15
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Walters GC, Usachev YM. Mitochondrial calcium cycling in neuronal function and neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1094356. [PMID: 36760367 PMCID: PMC9902777 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1094356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for proper cellular function through their critical roles in ATP synthesis, reactive oxygen species production, calcium (Ca2+) buffering, and apoptotic signaling. In neurons, Ca2+ buffering is particularly important as it helps to shape Ca2+ signals and to regulate numerous Ca2+-dependent functions including neuronal excitability, synaptic transmission, gene expression, and neuronal toxicity. Over the past decade, identification of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) and other molecular components of mitochondrial Ca2+ transport has provided insight into the roles that mitochondrial Ca2+ regulation plays in neuronal function in health and disease. In this review, we discuss the many roles of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and release mechanisms in normal neuronal function and highlight new insights into the Ca2+-dependent mechanisms that drive mitochondrial dysfunction in neurologic diseases including epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We also consider how targeting Ca2+ uptake and release mechanisms could facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant C. Walters
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Yuriy M. Usachev
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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16
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The characteristics of FBXO7 and its role in human diseases. Gene X 2023; 851:146972. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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17
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CKII Control of Axonal Plasticity Is Mediated by Mitochondrial Ca 2+ via Mitochondrial NCLX. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243990. [PMID: 36552754 PMCID: PMC9777275 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial Ca2+ efflux by NCLX is a critical rate-limiting step in mitochondria signaling. We previously showed that NCLX is phosphorylated at a putative Casein Kinase 2 (CKII) site, the serine 271 (S271). Here, we asked if NCLX is regulated by CKII and interrogated the physiological implications of this control. We found that CKII inhibitors down-regulated NCLX-dependent Ca2+ transport activity in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells and primary hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, we show that the CKII phosphomimetic mutants on NCLX inhibited (S271A) and constitutively activated (S271D) NCLX transport, respectively, rendering it insensitive to CKII inhibition. These phosphomimetic NCLX mutations also control the allosteric regulation of NCLX by mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Since the omnipresent CKII is necessary for modulating the plasticity of the axon initial segment (AIS), we interrogated, in hippocampal neurons, if NCLX is required for this process. Similarly to WT neurons, NCLX-KO neurons can exhibit homeostatic plasticity following M-channel block. However, while WT neurons utilize a CKII-sensitive distal relocation of AIS Na+ and Kv7 channels to decrease their intrinsic excitability, we did not observe such translocation in NCLX-KO neurons. Thus, our results indicate that NCLX is regulated by CKII and is a crucial link between CKII signaling and fast neuronal plasticity.
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18
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Riche K, Lenard NR. Quercetin's Effects on Glutamate Cytotoxicity. Molecules 2022; 27:7620. [PMID: 36364448 PMCID: PMC9657878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The potentially therapeutic effects of the naturally abundant plant flavonoid quercetin have been extensively studied. An extensive body of literature suggests that quercetin's powerful antioxidant effects may relate to its ability to treat disease. Glutamate excitotoxicity occurs when a neuron is overstimulated by the neurotransmitter glutamate and causes dysregulation of intracellular calcium concentrations. Quercetin has been shown to be preventative against many forms of neuronal cell death resulting from glutamate excitotoxicity, such as oncosis, intrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition, ferroptosis, phagoptosis, lysosomal cell death, parthanatos, and death by reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation. The clinical importance for the attenuation of glutamate excitotoxicity arises from the need to deter the continuous formation of tissue infarction caused by various neurological diseases, such as ischemic stroke, seizures, neurodegenerative diseases, and trauma. This review aims to summarize what is known concerning glutamate physiology and glutamate excitotoxic pathophysiology and provide further insight into quercetin's potential to hinder neuronal death caused by cell death pathways activated by glutamate excitotoxicity. Quercetin's bioavailability may limit its use clinically, however. Thus, future research into ways to increase its bioavailability are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie R. Lenard
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, Franciscan Missionaries of Our Lady University, 5414 Brittany Drive, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
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19
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Sugiura A, Kitamura M, Hasegawa Y. Calcium carbonate supplementation causes motor dysfunction. Exp Anim 2022; 71:399-410. [PMID: 35584940 PMCID: PMC9388334 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.22-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that a diet containing calcium carbonate causes impairments in spatial and recognition memory in mice. In this study, we investigated the effects of calcium carbonate
supplementation on motor function. Motor function was determined using different tests that have been used to analyze different aspects of Parkinsonism. A catalepsy test for akinesia; a
muscular strength assessment, pole test, beam-walking test, and gait analysis for motor coordination and balance assessment; and an open-field test for locomotor activity assessment were
performed. The mice were fed diets containing 0.6% or 1.0% calcium carbonate for eight weeks, after which they were evaluated for motor functions. The diets containing calcium carbonate
caused significant motor dysfunction, as revealed by the different tests, although the spontaneous locomotor activity did not change. Calcium carbonate supplementation decreased the dopamine
content in the basal ganglia, including the striatum and substantia nigra, and the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons in the substantia nigra. In addition, administration of
L-dopa led to at least a partial recovery of motor dysfunction, suggesting that calcium carbonate supplementation causes motor dysfunction by decreasing the dopamine content in the basal
ganglia. These results suggest that mice with calcium carbonate-induced motor dysfunction may be useful as a new animal model for Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Sugiura
- College of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology
| | - Misa Kitamura
- College of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology
| | - Yasushi Hasegawa
- College of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology
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20
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Kaplan-Arabaci O, Acari A, Ciftci P, Gozuacik D. Glutamate Scavenging as a Neuroreparative Strategy in Ischemic Stroke. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:866738. [PMID: 35401202 PMCID: PMC8984161 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.866738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second highest reason of death in the world and the leading cause of disability. The ischemic stroke makes up the majority of stroke cases that occur due to the blockage of blood vessels. Therapeutic applications for ischemic stroke include thrombolytic treatments that are in limited usage and only applicable to less than 10% of the total stroke patients, but there are promising new approaches. The main cause of ischemic neuronal death is glutamate excitotoxicity. There have been multiple studies focusing on neuroprotection via reduction of glutamate both in ischemic stroke and other neurodegenerative diseases that ultimately failed due to the obstacles in delivery. At that point, systemic glutamate grabbing, or scavenging is an ingenious way of decreasing glutamate levels upon ischemic stroke. The main advantage of this new therapeutic method is the scavengers working in the circulating blood so that there is no interference with the natural brain neurophysiology. In this review, we explain the molecular mechanisms of ischemic stroke, provide brief information about existing drugs and approaches, and present novel systemic glutamate scavenging methods. This review hopefully will elucidate the potential usage of the introduced therapeutic approaches in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oykum Kaplan-Arabaci
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey.,Sabancı University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alperen Acari
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Ciftci
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey.,Sabancı University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey.,School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
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21
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Singh R, Bartok A, Paillard M, Tyburski A, Elliott M, Hajnóczky G. Uncontrolled mitochondrial calcium uptake underlies the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in MICU1-deficient mice and patients. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj4716. [PMID: 35302860 PMCID: PMC8932652 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj4716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is mediated via the calcium uniporter complex that is primarily regulated by MICU1, a Ca2+-sensing gatekeeper. Recently, human patients with MICU1 loss-of-function mutations were diagnosed with neuromuscular and cognitive impairments. While studies in patient-derived cells revealed altered mitochondrial calcium signaling, the neuronal pathogenesis was difficult to study. To fill this void, we created a neuron-specific MICU1-KO mouse model. These animals show progressive, abnormal motor and cognitive phenotypes likely caused by the degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord and the cortex. We found increased susceptibility to mitochondrial Ca2+ overload-induced excitotoxic insults and cell death in MICU1-KO neurons and MICU1-deficient patient-derived cells, which can be blunted by inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Thus, our study identifies altered neuronal mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis as causative in the clinical symptoms of MICU1-deficient patients and highlights potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Singh
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam Bartok
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Departent of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melanie Paillard
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ashley Tyburski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Melanie Elliott
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - György Hajnóczky
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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22
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Wen B, Xu K, Huang R, Jiang T, Wang J, Chen J, Chen J, He B. Preserving mitochondrial function by inhibiting GRP75 ameliorates neuron injury under ischemic stroke. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:165. [PMID: 35293600 PMCID: PMC8941507 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a life-threatening disease, which is closely related to neuron damage during ischemia. Mitochondrial dysfunction is essentially involved in the pathophysiological process of ischemic stroke. Mitochondrial calcium overload contributes to the development of mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanisms of mitochondrial calcium overload are far from being fully revealed. In the present study, middle cerebral artery obstruction (MCAO) was performed in vivo and oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro. The results indicated that both MCAO and OGD induced significant mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in vitro. The mitochondria became fragmented under hypoxia conditions, accompanied with upregulation of the heat shock protein 75 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP75). Inhibition of GRP75 was able to effectively ameliorate mitochondrial calcium overload and preserve mitochondrial function, which may provide evidence for further translational studies of ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lichuan People's Hospital, Lichuan, Hubei 445400, P.R. China
| | - Teng Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lichuan People's Hospital, Lichuan, Hubei 445400, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lichuan People's Hospital, Lichuan, Hubei 445400, P.R. China
| | - Jiehui Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Benhong He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lichuan People's Hospital, Lichuan, Hubei 445400, P.R. China
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23
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Dexmedetomidine attenuates motor deficits via restoring the function of neurons in the nigrostriatal circuit in Parkinson's disease model mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 920:174806. [PMID: 35150656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive degeneration in nigrostriatal dopamine pathway that is essential to control motor functions. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a sedative and analgesic drug, is often used in patients with PD undergoing surgery. Although DEX seems to have promising future applications in neuroprotection, whether and how DEX alter the function of nigrostriatal circuit and its roles on motor deficits in PD remain unclear. Here we report that DEX attenuated motor deficits in a dose-dependent manner and protected the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in MPTP-induced PD model mice. The DEX acted on the neurons in the nigrostriatal circuits, including activation of dopaminergic neurons and the reduction of the excitabilities of striatal neurons via dopamine D2 receptors. We further found that DEX prevented the increase in glutamatergic transmission of cholinergic interneurons (CINs) to alleviate motor dysfunction. It also decreased the intrinsic excitability and glutamatergic transmission of striatal D2 medium spiny neurons (D2-MSNs). Finally, D2 receptor antagonists prevented the restoration of DEX on motor deficits. These results demonstrate that DEX, a neuroprotective drug, restores the function of nigrostriatal neurons and improves the motor deficits, providing a potential neural mechanism of the effects of anesthetic drugs on PD progression.
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Farnesol induces protection against murine CNS inflammatory demyelination and modifies gut microbiome. Clin Immunol 2022; 235:108766. [PMID: 34091018 PMCID: PMC8660955 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Farnesol is a 15‑carbon organic isoprenol synthesized by plants and mammals with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. We sought to determine whether farnesol treatment would result in protection against murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a well-established model of multiple sclerosis (MS). We compared disease progression and severity in C57BL/6 mice treated orally with 100 mg/kg/day farnesol solubilized in corn oil to corn-oil treated and untreated EAE mice. Farnesol significantly delayed the onset of EAE (by ~2 days) and dramatically decreased disease severity (~80%) compared to controls. Disease protection by farnesol was associated with a significant reduction in spinal cord infiltration by monocytes-macrophages, dendritic cells, CD4+ T cells, and a significant change in gut microbiota composition, including a decrease in the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio. The study suggests FOL could protect MS patients against CNS inflammatory demyelination by partially modulating the gut microbiome composition.
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Gao A, McCoy HM, Zaman V, Shields DC, Banik NL, Haque A. Calpain activation and progression of inflammatory cycles in Parkinson's disease. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2022; 27:20. [PMID: 35090325 PMCID: PMC9723550 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2701020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative condition of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting 6.3 million people worldwide with no curative treatments. Current therapies aim to mitigate PD's effects and offer symptomatic relief for patients. Multiple pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of PD, leading to neuroinflammation and the destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the CNS. This review focuses on PD pathology and the role of calpain, a neutral protease, as a regulator of various immune cells such as T-cells, microglia and astrocytes which lead to persistent neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal loss in both the brain and spinal cord (SC). Calpain plays a significant role in the cleavage and aggregation of toxic α-synuclein (α-syn), a presynaptic neural protein, and other organelles, contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. α-Syn aggregation results in the formation of Lewy bodies (LB) that further contribute to neuronal damage through lipid bilayer penetration, calcium ion (Ca2+) influx, oxidative stress and damage to the blood brain barrier (BBB). Dysfunctional mitochondria destabilize cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, raising intracellular Ca2+; this leads to excessive calpain activation and persistent inflammatory responses. α-Syn aggregation also results in the disruption of dopamine synthesis through phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a key enzyme involved in the conversion of tyrosine to levodopa (L-DOPA), the amino acid precursor to dopamine. Decreased dopamine levels result in altered dopamine receptor (DR) signaling, ultimately activating pro-inflammatory T-cells to further contribute to the inflammatory response. All of these processes, together, result in neuroinflammation, degeneration and ultimately neuronal death seen in PD. 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP-a prodrug to the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)), rotenone (an environmental neurotoxin), and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA - a neurotoxic synthetic organic compound) induce PD-like conditions when injected into rodents. All three agents work through similar mechanisms and lead to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and more recently discovered in motor neurons of the spinal cord (SC). These neurotoxins also increase calpain activity, furthering the neuroinflammatory response. Hence, calpain inhibitors have been posited as potential therapeutics for PD to prevent calpain-related inflammation and neurodegenerative responses in not only the SN but the SC as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Gao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Hannah M. McCoy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Vandana Zaman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
| | - Donald C. Shields
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Naren L. Banik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
| | - Azizul Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
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Disrupted expression of mitochondrial NCLX sensitizes neuroglial networks to excitotoxic stimuli and renders synaptic activity toxic. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101508. [PMID: 34942149 PMCID: PMC8808183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial sodium/calcium/lithium exchanger (NCLX) is an important mediator of calcium extrusion from mitochondria. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that physiological expression levels of NCLX are essential for maintaining neuronal resilience in the face of excitotoxic challenge. Using a short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated approach, we showed that reduced NCLX expression exacerbates neuronal mitochondrial calcium dysregulation, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) breakdown, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation during excitotoxic stimulation of primary hippocampal cultures. Moreover, NCLX knockdown-which affected both neurons and glia-resulted not only in enhanced neurodegeneration following an excitotoxic insult, but also in neuronal and astrocytic cell death under basal conditions. Our data also revealed that synaptic activity, which promotes neuroprotective signaling, can become lethal upon NCLX depletion; expression of NCLX-targeted shRNA impaired the clearance of mitochondrial calcium following action potential bursts and was associated both with ΔΨmbreakdown and substantial neurodegeneration in hippocampal cultures undergoing synaptic activity. Finally, we showed that NCLX knockdown within the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region in vivo causes substantial neuro- and astrodegeneration. In summary, we demonstrated that dysregulated NCLX expression not only sensitizes neuroglial networks to excitotoxic stimuli but notably also renders otherwise neuroprotective synaptic activity toxic. These findings may explain the emergence of neuro- and astrodegeneration in patients with disorders characterized by disrupted NCLX expression or function, and suggest that treatments aimed at enhancing or restoring NCLX function may prevent central nervous system damage in these disease states.
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Fiskum V, Sandvig A, Sandvig I. Silencing of Activity During Hypoxia Improves Functional Outcomes in Motor Neuron Networks in vitro. Front Integr Neurosci 2021; 15:792863. [PMID: 34975426 PMCID: PMC8716921 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2021.792863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of hypoxia, or reduced oxygen supply, to brain tissue can be disastrous, leading to extensive loss of function. Deoxygenated tissue becomes unable to maintain healthy metabolism, which leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and loss of calcium homoeostasis, with damaging downstream effects. Neurons are a highly energy demanding cell type, and as such they are highly sensitive to reductions in oxygenation and some types of neurons such as motor neurons are even more susceptible to hypoxic damage. In addition to the immediate deleterious effects hypoxia can have on neurons, there can be delayed effects which lead to increased risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), even if no immediate consequences are apparent. Furthermore, impairment of the function of various hypoxia-responsive factors has been shown to increase the risk of developing several neurodegenerative disorders. Longitudinal assessment of electrophysiological network activity is underutilised in assessing the effects of hypoxia on neurons and how their activity and communication change over time following a hypoxic challenge. This study utilised multielectrode arrays and motor neuron networks to study the response to hypoxia and the subsequent development of the neuronal activity over time, as well as the effect of silencing network activity during the hypoxic challenge. We found that motor neuron networks exposed to hypoxic challenge exhibited a delayed fluctuation in multiple network activity parameters compared to normoxic networks. Silencing of activity during the hypoxic challenge leads to maintained bursting activity, suggesting that functional outcomes are better maintained in these networks and that there are activity-dependent mechanisms involved in the network damage following hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vegard Fiskum
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Axel Sandvig
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neurology, St. Olav’s Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neuro, Head, and Neck, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ioanna Sandvig
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Huang SS, Sheng YC, Jiang YY, Liu N, Lin MM, Wu JC, Liang ZQ, Qin ZH, Wang Y. TIGAR plays neuroprotective roles in KA-induced excitotoxicity through reducing neuroinflammation and improving mitochondrial function. Neurochem Int 2021; 152:105244. [PMID: 34826530 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Excitotoxicity refers to the ability of excessive extracellular excitatory amino acids to damage neurons via receptor activation. It is a crucial pathogenetic process in neurodegenerative diseases. TP53 is confirmed to be involved in excitotoxicity. It is demonstrated that TP53 induced glycolysis and apoptotic regulator (TIGAR)-regulated metabolic pathway can protect against neuronal injury. However, the role of TIGAR in excitotoxicity and specific mechanisms is still unknown. In this study, an in vivo excitotoxicity model was constructed via stereotypical kainic acid (KA) injection into the striatum of mice. KA reduced TIGAR expression levels, neuroinflammatory responses and mitochondrial dysfunction. TIGAR overexpression could reverse KA-induced neuronal injury by reducing neuroinflammation and improving mitochondrial function, thereby exerting neuroprotective effects. Therefore, this study could provide a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi-Chao Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi-Yue Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao-Miao Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun-Chao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Qin Liang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Asanomi Y, Shigemizu D, Akiyama S, Sakurai T, Ozaki K, Ochiya T, Niida S. Dementia subtype prediction models constructed by penalized regression methods for multiclass classification using serum microRNA expression data. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20947. [PMID: 34686734 PMCID: PMC8536697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many subtypes of dementia, and identification of diagnostic biomarkers that are minimally-invasive, low-cost, and efficient is desired. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently gained attention as easily accessible and non-invasive biomarkers. We conducted a comprehensive miRNA expression analysis of serum samples from 1348 Japanese dementia patients, composed of four subtypes-Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and normal pressure hydrocephalus-and 246 control subjects. We used this data to construct dementia subtype prediction models based on penalized regression models with the multiclass classification. We constructed a final prediction model using 46 miRNAs, which classified dementia patients from an independent validation set into four subtypes of dementia. Network analysis of miRNA target genes revealed important hub genes, SRC and CHD3, associated with the AD pathogenesis. Moreover, MCU and CASP3, which are known to be associated with DLB pathogenesis, were identified from our DLB-specific target genes. Our study demonstrates the potential of blood-based biomarkers for use in dementia-subtype prediction models. We believe that further investigation using larger sample sizes will contribute to the accurate classification of subtypes of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Asanomi
- Medical Genome Center, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Daichi Shigemizu
- Medical Genome Center, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan. .,Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. .,RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Akiyama
- Medical Genome Center, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Cognition and Behavior Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kouichi Ozaki
- Medical Genome Center, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Fundamental Innovative Oncology Core Center, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Niida
- Medical Genome Center, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
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30
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Dopaminergic Axons: Key Recitalists in Parkinson's Disease. Neurochem Res 2021; 47:234-248. [PMID: 34637100 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with dopamine depletion in the striatum owing to the selective and progressive loss of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, which results in motor dysfunction and secondary clinical manifestations. The dopamine level in the striatum is preserved because of the innervation of the substantia nigra (SN) dopaminergic neurons into it. Therefore, protection of the SN neurons is crucial for maintaining the dopamine level in the striatum and for ensuring the desired motor coordination. Several strategies have been devised to protect the degenerating dopaminergic neurons or to restore the dopamine levels for treating PD. Most of the methods focus exclusively on preventing cell body death in the neurons. Although advances have been made in understanding the disease, the search for disease-modifying drugs is an ongoing process. The present review describes the evidence from studies involving patients with PD as well as PD models that axon terminals are highly vulnerable to exogenous and endogenous insults and degenerate at the early stage of the disease. Impairment of mitochondrial dynamics, Ca2+ homeostasis, axonal transport, and loss of plasticity of axon terminals appear before the neuronal degeneration in PD. Furthermore, distortion of synaptic morphology and reduction of postsynaptic dendritic spines are the neuropathological hallmarks of early-stage disease. Thus, the review proposes a shift in focus from discerning the mechanism of neuronal cell body loss and targeting it to an entirely different approach of preventing axonal degeneration. The review also suggests appropriate strategies to prevent the loss of synaptic terminals, which could induce regrowth of the axon and its auxiliary fibers and might offer relief from the symptomatic features of PD.
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31
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Costa-Rodrigues C, Couceiro J, Moreno E. Cell competition from development to neurodegeneration. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:269331. [PMID: 34190316 PMCID: PMC8277968 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell competition is a process by which suboptimal cells are eliminated to the benefit of cells with higher fitness. It is a surveillance mechanism that senses differences in the fitness status by several modes, such as expression of fitness fingerprints, survival factor uptake rate and resistance to mechanical stress. Fitness fingerprints-mediated cell competition recognizes isoforms of the transmembrane protein Flower, and translates the relative fitness of cells into distinct fates through the Flower code. Impairments in cell competition potentiate the development of diseases like cancer and ageing-related pathologies. In cancer, malignant cells acquire a supercompetitor behaviour, killing the neighbouring cells and overtaking the tissue, thus avoiding elimination. Neurodegenerative disorders affect millions of people and are characterized by cognitive decline and locomotor deficits. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, and one of the largely studied diseases. However, the cellular processes taking place remain unclear. Drosophila melanogaster is an emerging neurodegeneration model due to its versatility as a tool for genetic studies. Research in a Drosophila Alzheimer's disease model detected fitness markers in the suboptimal and hyperactive neurons, thus establishing a link between cell competition and Alzheimer's disease. In this Review, we overview cell competition and the new insights related to neurodegenerative disorders, and discuss how research in the field might contribute to the development of new therapeutic targets for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joana Couceiro
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Moreno
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal
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D'Errico M, Parlanti E, Pascucci B, Filomeni G, Mastroberardino PG, Dogliotti E. The interplay between mitochondrial functionality and genome integrity in the prevention of human neurologic diseases. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 710:108977. [PMID: 34174223 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As mitochondria are vulnerable to oxidative damage and represent the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), they are considered key tuners of ROS metabolism and buffering, whose dysfunction can progressively impact neuronal networks and disease. Defects in DNA repair and DNA damage response (DDR) may also affect neuronal health and lead to neuropathology. A number of congenital DNA repair and DDR defective syndromes, indeed, show neurological phenotypes, and a growing body of evidence indicate that defects in the mechanisms that control genome stability in neurons acts as aging-related modifiers of common neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson's, Huntington diseases and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. In this review we elaborate on the established principles and recent concepts supporting the hypothesis that deficiencies in either DNA repair or DDR might contribute to neurodegeneration via mechanisms involving mitochondrial dysfunction/deranged metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleonora Parlanti
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Pascucci
- Institute of Crystallography, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Filomeni
- Redox Biology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Giorgio Mastroberardino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; IFOM- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy; Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Eugenia Dogliotti
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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33
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Hermes DJ, Yadav-Samudrala BJ, Xu C, Paniccia JE, Meeker RB, Armstrong ML, Reisdorph N, Cravatt BF, Mackie K, Lichtman AH, Ignatowska-Jankowska BM, Lysle DT, Fitting S. GPR18 drives FAAH inhibition-induced neuroprotection against HIV-1 Tat-induced neurodegeneration. Exp Neurol 2021; 341:113699. [PMID: 33736974 PMCID: PMC8984429 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is known to provoke microglial immune responses which likely play a paramount role in the development of chronic neuroinflammatory conditions and neuronal damage related to HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). In particular, HIV-1 Tat protein is a proinflammatory neurotoxin which predisposes neurons to synaptodendritic injury. Drugs targeting the degradative enzymes of endogenous cannabinoids have shown promise in reducing inflammation with minimal side effects in rodent models. Considering that markers of neuroinflammation can predict the extent of neuronal injury in HAND patients, we evaluated the neurotoxic effect of HIV-1 Tat-exposed microglia following blockade of fatty acid amid hydrolyze (FAAH), a catabolic enzyme responsible for degradation of endocannabinoids, e.g. anandamide (AEA). In the present study, cultured murine microglia were incubated with Tat and/or a FAAH inhibitor (PF3845). After 24 h, cells were imaged for morphological analysis and microglial conditioned media (MCM) was collected. Frontal cortex neuron cultures (DIV 7–11) were then exposed to MCM, and neurotoxicity was assessed via live cell calcium imaging and staining of actin positive dendritic structures. Results demonstrate a strong attenuation of microglial responses to Tat by PF3845 pretreatment, which is indicated by 1) microglial changes in morphology to a less proinflammatory phenotype using fractal analysis, 2) a decrease in release of neurotoxic cytokines/chemokines (MCP-1/CCL2) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs; MMP-9) using ELISA/multiplex assays, and 3) enhanced production of endocannabinoids (AEA) using LC/MS/MS. Additionally, PF3845’s effects on Tat-induced microglial-mediated neurotoxicity, decreased dysregulation of neuronal intracellular calcium and prevented the loss of actin-positive staining and punctate structure in frontal cortex neuron cultures. Interestingly, these observed neuroprotective effects appeared to be independent of cannabinoid receptor activity (CB1R & CB2R). We found that a purported GPR18 antagonist, CID-85469571, blocked the neuroprotective effects of PF3845 in all experiments. Collectively, these experiments increase understanding of the role of FAAH inhibition and Tat in mediating microglial neurotoxicity in the HAND condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J Hermes
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.
| | - Barkha J Yadav-Samudrala
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Changqing Xu
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline E Paniccia
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Rick B Meeker
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Michael L Armstrong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Nichole Reisdorph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, United States of America
| | - Benjamin F Cravatt
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Ken Mackie
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States of America
| | - Aron H Lichtman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | | | - Donald T Lysle
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Sylvia Fitting
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.
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Shen F, Xu X, Yu Z, Li H, Shen H, Li X, Shen M, Chen G. Rbfox-1 contributes to CaMKIIα expression and intracerebral hemorrhage-induced secondary brain injury via blocking micro-RNA-124. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:530-545. [PMID: 32248729 PMCID: PMC7922744 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20916860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding protein fox-1 homolog 1 (Rbfox-1), an RNA-binding protein in neurons, is thought to be associated with many neurological diseases. To date, the mechanism on which Rbfox-1 worsens secondary cell death in ICH remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of Rbfox-1 in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced secondary brain injury (SBI) and to identify its underlying mechanisms. We found that the expression of Rbfox-1 in neurons was significantly increased after ICH, which was accompanied by increases in the binding of Rbfox-1 to Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKIIα) mRNA and the protein level of CaMKIIα. In addition, when exposed to exogenous upregulation or downregulation of Rbfox-1, the protein level of CaMKIIα showed a concomitant trend in brain tissue, which further suggested that CaMKIIα is a downstream-target protein of Rbfox-1. The upregulation of both proteins caused intracellular-Ca2+ overload and neuronal degeneration, which exacerbated brain damage. Furthermore, we found that Rbfox-1 promoted the expression of CaMKIIα via blocking the binding of micro-RNA-124 to CaMKIIα mRNA. Thus, Rbfox-1 is expected to be a promising therapeutic target for SBI after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,School of Nursing, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Meifen Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,School of Nursing, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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35
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Trombetta-Lima M, Sabogal-Guáqueta AM, Dolga AM. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases: A focus on iPSC-derived neuronal models. Cell Calcium 2021; 94:102362. [PMID: 33540322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Progressive neuronal loss is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. These pathologies exhibit clear signs of inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, calcium deregulation, and accumulation of aggregated or misfolded proteins. Over the last decades, a tremendous research effort has contributed to define some of the pathological mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative processes in these complex brain neurodegenerative disorders. To better understand molecular mechanisms responsible for neurodegenerative processes and find potential interventions and pharmacological treatments, it is important to have robust in vitro and pre-clinical animal models that can recapitulate both the early biological events undermining the maintenance of the nervous system and early pathological events. In this regard, it would be informative to determine how different inherited pathogenic mutations can compromise mitochondrial function, calcium signaling, and neuronal survival. Since post-mortem analyses cannot provide relevant information about the disease progression, it is crucial to develop model systems that enable the investigation of early molecular changes, which may be relevant as targets for novel therapeutic options. Thus, the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represents an exceptional complementary tool for the investigation of degenerative processes. In this review, we will focus on two neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. We will provide examples of iPSC-derived neuronal models and how they have been used to study calcium and mitochondrial alterations during neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Trombetta-Lima
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Angélica María Sabogal-Guáqueta
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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36
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Das B, Dash SP, Mohanty S, Patel P. Parkinson's Disease and Impairment in Mitochondrial Metabolism: A Pathognomic Signature. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1286:65-76. [PMID: 33725345 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-55035-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial bioenergetics is vital for the proper functioning of cellular compartments. Impairments in mitochondrial DNA encoding the respiratory chain complexes and other assisting proteins, accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, an imbalance in cellular calcium transport, or the presence of organic pollutants, high fat-ketogenic diets or toxins, and advancing age can result in complex disorders, including cancer, metabolic disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. Such manifestations are distinctly exhibited in several age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as in Parkinson's disease (PD). Defects in complex I along with perturbed signaling pathways is a common manifestation of PD. Impaired oxidative phosphorylation could increase the susceptibility to PD. Therefore, unraveling the mechanisms of mitochondrial complexes in clinical scenarios will assist in developing potential early biomarkers and standard tests for energy failure diagnosis and assist to pave a new path for targeted therapeutics against PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswadeep Das
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India.
| | | | | | - Paritosh Patel
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
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37
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Landgraf AD, Alsegiani AS, Alaqel S, Thanna S, Shah ZA, Sucheck SJ. Neuroprotective and Anti-neuroinflammatory Properties of Ebselen Derivatives and Their Potential to Inhibit Neurodegeneration. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3008-3016. [PMID: 32840996 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebselen (EBS) is an organo-selenium-containing compound that has anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antibacterial properties. EBS is being explored as a possible treatment for reperfusion injury and stroke and is under clinical trials as a mimetic of lithium for the treatment of bipolar disorder [Mota et al. Synapse 2020, 74 (7), 1-6] and noise-induced hearing loss as a result of these actives [Martini et al. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2019, 109, 107-117. Slusarczyk et al. Neural Regener. Res. 2019, 17 (7), 1255-1261. Thangamani et al. PLoS One 2015, 10 (7), e0133877. Kil et al. Lancet 2017, 390 (10098), 969-979]. However, we wanted to characterize derivatives of EBS as neuroprotective, anti-neuroinflammatory, and antioxidant compounds. Recently, we have reported on a new thermal and photoinduced copper-mediated cross-coupling between potassium selenocyanate (KSeCN) and N-substituted ortho-halobenzamides to form ebselen derivatives with increased synthetic efficiency [Thanna et al. J. Org. Chem. 2017, 82 (7), 3844-3854]. Our synthesis allows for the varying of the remote benzene ring with various substituents or replacing that ring with heterocyclic rings such as pyridine, pyrrole, thiophene, etc. In this study, we synthesized seven new heterocyclic EBS derivatives to further diversify our EBS library. These 21 compounds were then evaluated for their neuroprotective properties, with four compounds showing an equal or better neuroprotective profile than EBS. Compounds 5, 9, 23, and 27 showed 73, 86, 80, 84% cell viability, respectively, at a 10 μM concentration. These studies were performed using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells in an oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) model of ischemia. At the same concentration, these compounds significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor alpha release from Human microglia clone 3 microglial cells. Compounds 9 and 27 showed significantly increased cell viability (84 and 80%, respectively) for SH-SY5Y cells exposed to microglia-activated media. These compounds showed only mild GPx-like reductive activity, with compounds 2, 7, 12, and 14 (115, 96, 95, and 82%, respectively) showing a higher percent rate of oxidation of NADPH in a coupled reaction assay compared to ebselen. This research highlights several derivatives of ebselen that show improved activity as neuroprotective agents over the parent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D. Landgraf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Amsha Saud Alsegiani
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Saleh Alaqel
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Sandeep Thanna
- Fox Chase Chemical Diversity Center, Inc., Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18902, United States
| | - Zahoor A. Shah
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Steven J. Sucheck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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Grossmann D, Berenguer-Escuder C, Chemla A, Arena G, Krüger R. The Emerging Role of RHOT1/Miro1 in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2020; 11:587. [PMID: 33041957 PMCID: PMC7523470 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The expected increase in prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) as the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder over the next years underscores the need for a better understanding of the underlying molecular pathogenesis. Here, first insights provided by genetics over the last two decades, such as dysfunction of molecular and organellar quality control, are described. The mechanisms involved relate to impaired intracellular calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamics, which are tightly linked to the cross talk between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. A number of proteins related to monogenic forms of PD have been mapped to these pathways, i.e., PINK1, Parkin, LRRK2, and α-synuclein. Recently, Miro1 was identified as an important player, as several studies linked Miro1 to mitochondrial quality control by PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and mitochondrial transport. Moreover, Miro1 is an important regulator of mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCs), where it acts as a sensor for cytosolic calcium levels. The involvement of Miro1 in the pathogenesis of PD was recently confirmed by genetic evidence based on the first PD patients with heterozygous mutations in RHOT1/Miro1. Patient-based cellular models from RHOT1/Miro1 mutation carriers showed impaired calcium homeostasis, structural alterations of MERCs, and increased mitochondrial clearance. To account for the emerging role of Miro1, we present a comprehensive overview focusing on the role of this protein in PD-related neurodegeneration and highlighting new developments in our understanding of Miro1, which provide new avenues for neuroprotective therapies for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajana Grossmann
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.,Section for Translational Neurodegeneration "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Clara Berenguer-Escuder
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Axel Chemla
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.,Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
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39
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Decreased Mitochondrial Function, Biogenesis, and Degradation in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients as a Potential Tool for Biomarker Research. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:5084-5102. [PMID: 32840822 PMCID: PMC7541388 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02059-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial and progressive neurodegenerative disease of unknown etiology. Due to ALS’s unpredictable onset and progression rate, the search for biomarkers that allow the detection and tracking of its development and therapeutic efficacy would be of significant medical value. Considering that alterations of energy supply are one of ALS’s main hallmarks and that a correlation has been established between gene expression in human brain tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), the present work investigates whether changes in mitochondrial function could be used to monitor ALS. To achieve this goal, PBMCs from ALS patients and control subjects were used; blood sampling is a quite non-invasive method and is cost-effective. Different parameters were evaluated, namely cytosolic calcium levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, oxidative stress, and metabolic compounds levels, as well as mitochondrial dynamics and degradation. Altogether, we observed lower mitochondrial calcium uptake/retention, mitochondria depolarization, and redox homeostasis deregulation, in addition to a decrease in critical metabolic genes, a diminishment in mitochondrial biogenesis, and an augmentation in mitochondrial fission and autophagy-related gene expression. All of these changes can contribute to the decreased ATP and pyruvate levels observed in ALS PBMCs. Our data indicate that PBMCs from ALS patients show a significant mitochondrial dysfunction, resembling several findings from ALS’ neural cells/models, which could be exploited as a powerful tool in ALS research. Our findings can also guide future studies on new pharmacological interventions for ALS since assessments of brain samples are challenging and represent a relevant limited strategy. Graphical abstract ![]()
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40
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Liu Y, Lear TB, Verma M, Wang KZ, Otero PA, McKelvey AC, Dunn SR, Steer E, Bateman NW, Wu C, Jiang Y, Weathington NM, Rojas M, Chu CT, Chen BB, Mallampalli RK. Chemical inhibition of FBXO7 reduces inflammation and confers neuroprotection by stabilizing the mitochondrial kinase PINK1. JCI Insight 2020; 5:131834. [PMID: 32493843 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial quality control is mediated by the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), a cytoprotective protein that is dysregulated in inflammatory lung injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we show that a ubiquitin E3 ligase receptor component, FBXO7, targets PINK1 for its cellular disposal. FBXO7, by mediating PINK1 ubiquitylation and degradation, was sufficient to induce mitochondrial injury and inflammation in experimental pneumonia. A computational simulation-based screen led to the identification of a small molecule, BC1464, which abrogated FBXO7 and PINK1 association, leading to increased cellular PINK1 concentrations and activities, and limiting mitochondrial damage. BC1464 exerted antiinflammatory activity in human tissue explants and murine lung inflammation models. Furthermore, BC1464 conferred neuroprotection in primary cortical neurons, human neuroblastoma cells, and patient-derived cells in several culture models of Parkinson's disease. The data highlight a unique opportunity to use small molecule antagonists that disrupt PINK1 interaction with the ubiquitin apparatus to enhance mitochondrial quality, limit inflammatory injury, and maintain neuronal viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Medicine, the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence.,The McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine
| | - Travis B Lear
- Department of Medicine, the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, and
| | - Manish Verma
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kent Zq Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - P Anthony Otero
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Sarah R Dunn
- Department of Medicine, the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence
| | - Erin Steer
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Mauricio Rojas
- Department of Medicine, the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence
| | - Charleen T Chu
- The McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology.,The Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases
| | - Bill B Chen
- Department of Medicine, the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence.,Vascular Medicine Institute, and
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Department of Medicine, the Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence.,Department of Cell Biology and.,Medical Specialty Service Line, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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41
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Dey K, Bazala MA, Kuznicki J. Targeting mitochondrial calcium pathways as a potential treatment against Parkinson's disease. Cell Calcium 2020; 89:102216. [PMID: 32473487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a major health problem worldwide affecting millions of people and is a result of neurodegeneration in a small part of the brain known as substantia nigra pars compacta. Aberration in mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis plays, among several other factors, an important role for the neuronal loss in PD. Mitochondria are vital for cellular physiology, e.g. for ATP generation, and mitochondrial Ca2+ is a key player in cell functioning and survival. Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis is maintained by a fine balance between the activities of proteins mediating the influx and efflux of Ca2+ across mitochondrial membranes. Malfunctioning of these proteins leading to Ca2+ overload promotes ROS generation, which induces cell death by triggering the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Till now PD remains incurable and the "gold standard" drug which can only delays the disease progression is l-Dopa from the 1960s and therefore, the situation warrants the search for novel targets for the treatment of the PD patients. In this review, we summarize the current views that suggest mitochondrial Ca2+ regulatory pathways are good candidates for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntal Dey
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Michal A Bazala
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jacek Kuznicki
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
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42
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Belov Kirdajova D, Kriska J, Tureckova J, Anderova M. Ischemia-Triggered Glutamate Excitotoxicity From the Perspective of Glial Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:51. [PMID: 32265656 PMCID: PMC7098326 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A plethora of neurological disorders shares a final common deadly pathway known as excitotoxicity. Among these disorders, ischemic injury is a prominent cause of death and disability worldwide. Brain ischemia stems from cardiac arrest or stroke, both responsible for insufficient blood supply to the brain parenchyma. Glucose and oxygen deficiency disrupts oxidative phosphorylation, which results in energy depletion and ionic imbalance, followed by cell membrane depolarization, calcium (Ca2+) overload, and extracellular accumulation of excitatory amino acid glutamate. If tight physiological regulation fails to clear the surplus of this neurotransmitter, subsequent prolonged activation of glutamate receptors forms a vicious circle between elevated concentrations of intracellular Ca2+ ions and aberrant glutamate release, aggravating the effect of this ischemic pathway. The activation of downstream Ca2+-dependent enzymes has a catastrophic impact on nervous tissue leading to cell death, accompanied by the formation of free radicals, edema, and inflammation. After decades of “neuron-centric” approaches, recent research has also finally shed some light on the role of glial cells in neurological diseases. It is becoming more and more evident that neurons and glia depend on each other. Neuronal cells, astrocytes, microglia, NG2 glia, and oligodendrocytes all have their roles in what is known as glutamate excitotoxicity. However, who is the main contributor to the ischemic pathway, and who is the unsuspecting victim? In this review article, we summarize the so-far-revealed roles of cells in the central nervous system, with particular attention to glial cells in ischemia-induced glutamate excitotoxicity, its origins, and consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Belov Kirdajova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague, Czechia.,Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Kriska
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague, Czechia.,Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Tureckova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague, Czechia
| | - Miroslava Anderova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague, Czechia.,Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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43
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Bickler PE. Amplification of Snake Venom Toxicity by Endogenous Signaling Pathways. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E68. [PMID: 31979014 PMCID: PMC7076764 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The active components of snake venoms encompass a complex and variable mixture of proteins that produce a diverse, but largely stereotypical, range of pharmacologic effects and toxicities. Venom protein diversity and host susceptibilities determine the relative contributions of five main pathologies: neuromuscular dysfunction, inflammation, coagulopathy, cell/organ injury, and disruption of homeostatic mechanisms of normal physiology. In this review, we describe how snakebite is not only a condition mediated directly by venom, but by the amplification of signals dysregulating inflammation, coagulation, neurotransmission, and cell survival. Although venom proteins are diverse, the majority of important pathologic events following envenoming follow from a small group of enzyme-like activities and the actions of small toxic peptides. This review focuses on two of the most important enzymatic activities: snake venom phospholipases (svPLA2) and snake venom metalloproteases (svMP). These two enzyme classes are adept at enabling venom to recruit homologous endogenous signaling systems with sufficient magnitude and duration to produce and amplify cell injury beyond what would be expected from the direct impact of a whole venom dose. This magnification produces many of the most acutely important consequences of envenoming as well as chronic sequelae. Snake venom PLA2s and MPs enzymes recruit prey analogs of similar activity. The transduction mechanisms that recruit endogenous responses include arachidonic acid, intracellular calcium, cytokines, bioactive peptides, and possibly dimerization of venom and prey protein homologs. Despite years of investigation, the precise mechanism of svPLA2-induced neuromuscular paralysis remains incomplete. Based on recent studies, paralysis results from a self-amplifying cycle of endogenous PLA2 activation, arachidonic acid, increases in intracellular Ca2+ and nicotinic receptor deactivation. When prolonged, synaptic suppression supports the degeneration of the synapse. Interaction between endothelium-damaging MPs, sPLA2s and hyaluronidases enhance venom spread, accentuating venom-induced neurotoxicity, inflammation, coagulopathy and tissue injury. Improving snakebite treatment requires new tools to understand direct and indirect effects of envenoming. Homologous PLA2 and MP activities in both venoms and prey/snakebite victim provide molecular targets for non-antibody, small molecule agents for dissecting mechanisms of venom toxicity. Importantly, these tools enable the separation of venom-specific and prey-specific pathological responses to venom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip E. Bickler
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0542, USA;
- California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
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44
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Artyukhova MA, Tyurina YY, Chu CT, Zharikova TM, Bayır H, Kagan VE, Timashev PS. Interrogating Parkinson's disease associated redox targets: Potential application of CRISPR editing. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 144:279-292. [PMID: 31201850 PMCID: PMC6832799 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra is one of the pathogenic hallmarks of Parkinson's disease, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain enigmatic. While aberrant redox metabolism strongly associated with iron dysregulation and accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria is considered as one of the major contributors to neurodegeneration and death of dopaminergic cells, the specific anomalies in the molecular machinery and pathways leading to the PD development and progression have not been identified. The high efficiency and relative simplicity of a new genome editing tool, CRISPR/Cas9, make its applications attractive for deciphering molecular changes driving PD-related impairments of redox metabolism and lipid peroxidation in relation to mishandling of iron, aggregation and oligomerization of alpha-synuclein and mitochondrial injury as well as in mechanisms of mitophagy and programs of regulated cell death (apoptosis and ferroptosis). These insights into the mechanisms of PD pathology may be used for the identification of new targets for therapeutic interventions and innovative approaches to genome editing, including CRISPR/Cas9.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Artyukhova
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation
| | - Y Y Tyurina
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - C T Chu
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - T M Zharikova
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation; Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation
| | - H Bayır
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - V E Kagan
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, Department of Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Laboratory of Navigational Redox Lipidomics and Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation; Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - P S Timashev
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation; Department of Polymers and Composites, N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Federation; Institute of Photonic Technologies, Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation
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45
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Soman SK, Bazała M, Keatinge M, Bandmann O, Kuznicki J. Restriction of mitochondrial calcium overload by mcu inactivation renders a neuroprotective effect in zebrafish models of Parkinson's disease. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio044347. [PMID: 31548178 PMCID: PMC6826286 DOI: 10.1242/bio.044347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of dopaminergic neurons (DA) is a pathological hallmark of sporadic and familial forms of Parkinson's disease (PD). We have previously shown that inhibiting mitochondrial calcium uniporter (mcu) using morpholinos can rescue DA neurons in the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (pink1)-/- zebrafish model of PD. In this article, we show results from our studies in mcu knockout zebrafish, which was generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Functional assays confirmed impaired mitochondrial calcium influx in mcu -/- zebrafish. We also used in vivo calcium imaging and fluorescent assays in purified mitochondria to investigate mitochondrial calcium dynamics in a pink1 -/- zebrafish model of PD. Mitochondrial morphology was evaluated in DA neurons and muscle fibers using immunolabeling and transgenic lines, respectively. We observed diminished mitochondrial area in DA neurons of pink1 -/- zebrafish, while deletion of mcu restored mitochondrial area. In contrast, the mitochondrial volume in muscle fibers was not restored after inactivation of mcu in pink1 -/- zebrafish. Mitochondrial calcium overload coupled with depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in the pink1 -/- zebrafish model of PD. We used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical labeling of DA neurons to evaluate the effect of mcu deletion on DA neuronal clusters in the ventral telencephalon of zebrafish brain. We show that DA neurons are rescued after deletion of mcu in pink1 -/- and the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) zebrafish model of PD. Thus, inactivation of mcu is protective in both genetic and chemical models of PD. Our data reveal that regulating mcu function could be an effective therapeutic target in PD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smijin K Soman
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Księcia Trojdena 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Bazała
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Księcia Trojdena 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcus Keatinge
- Medical Research Council Centre for Developmental and Biomedical Genetics, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Oliver Bandmann
- Medical Research Council Centre for Developmental and Biomedical Genetics, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Jacek Kuznicki
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Księcia Trojdena 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
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Masi A, Narducci R, Mannaioni G. Harnessing ionic mechanisms to achieve disease modification in neurodegenerative disorders. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104343. [PMID: 31279830 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Progressive neuronal death is the key pathogenic event leading to clinical symptoms in neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Neuroprotective treatments are virtually unavailable, partly because of the marked internal heterogeneity of the mechanisms underlying pathology. Targeted neuroprotection would require deep mechanistic knowledge across the entire aetiological spectrum of each NDD and the development of tailored treatments. Although ideal, this strategy appears challenging, as it would require a degree of characterization of both the disease and the patient that is currently unavailable. The alternate strategy is to search for commonalities across molecularly distinct NDD forms and exploit these for the development of drugs with broad-spectrum efficacy. In this view, mounting evidence points to ionic mechanisms (IMs) as targets with potential therapeutic efficacy across distinct NDD subtypes. The scope of this review is to present clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the link between disruption of IMs and neuronal death in specific NDDs and to critically revise past and ongoing attempts of harnessing IMs for the development of neuroprotective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Masi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.
| | - R Narducci
- Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Genova, Italy
| | - G Mannaioni
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Toxicology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
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47
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Dakik P, Medkour Y, Mohammad K, Titorenko VI. Mechanisms Through Which Some Mitochondria-Generated Metabolites Act as Second Messengers That Are Essential Contributors to the Aging Process in Eukaryotes Across Phyla. Front Physiol 2019; 10:461. [PMID: 31057428 PMCID: PMC6482166 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that some low-molecular weight molecules produced in mitochondria are essential contributing factors to aging and aging-associated pathologies in evolutionarily distant eukaryotes. These molecules are intermediates or products of certain metabolic reactions that are activated in mitochondria in response to specific changes in the nutrient, stress, proliferation, or age status of the cell. After being released from mitochondria, these metabolites directly or indirectly change activities of a distinct set of protein sensors that reside in various cellular locations outside of mitochondria. Because these protein sensors control the efficiencies of some pro- or anti-aging cellular processes, such changes in their activities allow to create a pro- or anti-aging cellular pattern. Thus, mitochondria can function as signaling platforms that respond to certain changes in cell stress and physiology by remodeling their metabolism and releasing a specific set of metabolites known as "mitobolites." These mitobolites then define the pace of cellular and organismal aging because they regulate some longevity-defining processes taking place outside of mitochondria. In this review, we discuss recent progress in understanding mechanisms underlying the ability of mitochondria to function as such signaling platforms in aging and aging-associated diseases.
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48
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Reductive Reprogramming: A Not-So-Radical Hypothesis of Neurodegeneration Linking Redox Perturbations to Neuroinflammation and Excitotoxicity. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 39:577-590. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00672-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Uhl GR. Dopamine compartmentalization, selective dopaminergic vulnerabilities in Parkinson's disease and therapeutic opportunities. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:406-415. [PMID: 30847375 PMCID: PMC6389739 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive depletion of selected dopamine neurons is central to much Parkinson's disease (PD) disability. Although symptomatic treatments can ameliorate the disabilities that this neuronal depletion causes, no current strategy is documented to slow these losses. There is substantial evidence that dopamine in intracytoplasmic/extravesicular neuronal compartments can be toxic. Here, I review evidence that supports roles for dopamine compartmentalization, mediated largely by serial actions of plasma membrane SLC6A3/DAT and vesicular SLC18A2/VMAT2 transporters, in the selective patterns of dopamine neuronal loss found in PD brains. This compartmentalization hypothesis for the dopamine cell type specificity of PD lesions nominates available drugs for amelioration of damage arising from miscompartmentalized dopamine and raises cautions in using other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R. Uhl
- Neurology and Research ServicesNew Mexico VA HealthCare SystemAlbuquerqueNew Mexico87108
- Biomedical Research Institute of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico87108
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Molecular Genetics and MicrobiologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico87108
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Mental HealthJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMaryland21287
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Yu J, Kwon H, Cho E, Jeon J, Kang RH, Youn K, Jun M, Lee YC, Ryu JH, Kim DH. The effects of pinoresinol on cholinergic dysfunction-induced memory impairments and synaptic plasticity in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 125:376-382. [PMID: 30685474 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dementia is a category of brain diseases that cause a decrease in cognitive functions. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequently mentioned neurodegenerative disease showing dementia. Although many useful drugs for dementia were developed, we still need better and safer drugs. Here, we tested pinoresinol, a lignan found in sesame seed and olive oil, whether it could be a candidate for this purpose. Pinoresinol (25 mg/kg, p.o.) ameliorated memory impairment in dementia model induced by cholinergic blockade in the passive avoidance test in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, pinoresinol (50 μM) facilitated induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation, a cellular model of learning and memory. Pinoresinol blocked acetylcholinesterase (AchE), an acetylcholine-degrading enzyme, activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, pinoresinol (50 μM) facilitated calcium influx into neuro2a cell. These results suggest that pinoresinol improves memory impairment and facilitates hippocampal LTP induction and these results might be related to the effect of pinoresinol on AChE and calcium influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Yu
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Huiyoung Kwon
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbi Cho
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Jeon
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Rae Hee Kang
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Kumju Youn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Jun
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea; Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Choon Lee
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea; Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea; Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea.
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