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Jedrasiak-Cape I, Rybicki-Kler C, Brooks I, Ghosh M, Brennan EK, Kailasa S, Ekins TG, Rupp A, Ahmed OJ. Cell-type-specific cholinergic control of granular retrosplenial cortex with implications for angular velocity coding across brain states. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.04.597341. [PMID: 38895393 PMCID: PMC11185600 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.04.597341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Cholinergic receptor activation enables the persistent firing of cortical pyramidal neurons, providing a key cellular basis for theories of spatial navigation involving working memory, path integration, and head direction encoding. The granular retrosplenial cortex (RSG) is important for spatially-guided behaviors, but how acetylcholine impacts RSG neurons is unknown. Here, we show that a transcriptomically, morphologically, and biophysically distinct RSG cell-type - the low-rheobase (LR) neuron - has a very distinct expression profile of cholinergic muscarinic receptors compared to all other neighboring excitatory neuronal subtypes. LR neurons do not fire persistently in response to cholinergic agonists, in stark contrast to all other principal neuronal subtypes examined within the RSG and across midline cortex. This lack of persistence allows LR neuron models to rapidly compute angular head velocity (AHV), independent of cholinergic changes seen during navigation. Thus, LR neurons can consistently compute AHV across brain states, highlighting the specialized RSG neural codes supporting navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chloe Rybicki-Kler
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Isla Brooks
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Megha Ghosh
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ellen K.W. Brennan
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Sameer Kailasa
- Dept. of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Tyler G. Ekins
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Alan Rupp
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Omar J. Ahmed
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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2
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Zeldenrust F, Calcini N, Yan X, Bijlsma A, Celikel T. The tuning of tuning: How adaptation influences single cell information transfer. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012043. [PMID: 38739640 PMCID: PMC11115315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensory neurons reconstruct the world from action potentials (spikes) impinging on them. To effectively transfer information about the stimulus to the next processing level, a neuron needs to be able to adapt its working range to the properties of the stimulus. Here, we focus on the intrinsic neural properties that influence information transfer in cortical neurons and how tightly their properties need to be tuned to the stimulus statistics for them to be effective. We start by measuring the intrinsic information encoding properties of putative excitatory and inhibitory neurons in L2/3 of the mouse barrel cortex. Excitatory neurons show high thresholds and strong adaptation, making them fire sparsely and resulting in a strong compression of information, whereas inhibitory neurons that favour fast spiking transfer more information. Next, we turn to computational modelling and ask how two properties influence information transfer: 1) spike-frequency adaptation and 2) the shape of the IV-curve. We find that a subthreshold (but not threshold) adaptation, the 'h-current', and a properly tuned leak conductance can increase the information transfer of a neuron, whereas threshold adaptation can increase its working range. Finally, we verify the effect of the IV-curve slope in our experimental recordings and show that excitatory neurons form a more heterogeneous population than inhibitory neurons. These relationships between intrinsic neural features and neural coding that had not been quantified before will aid computational, theoretical and systems neuroscientists in understanding how neuronal populations can alter their coding properties, such as through the impact of neuromodulators. Why the variability of intrinsic properties of excitatory neurons is larger than that of inhibitory ones is an exciting question, for which future research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleur Zeldenrust
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen - the Netherlands
| | - Niccolò Calcini
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Xuan Yan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ate Bijlsma
- Department of Population Health Sciences / Department of Biology, Universiteit Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tansu Celikel
- School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta - GA, United States of America
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Satchell M, Fry B, Noureddine Z, Simmons A, Ognjanovski NN, Aton SJ, Zochowski MR. Neuromodulation via muscarinic acetylcholine pathway can facilitate distinct, complementary, and sequential roles for NREM and REM states during sleep-dependent memory consolidation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.05.19.541465. [PMID: 38293183 PMCID: PMC10827095 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.19.541465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Across vertebrate species, sleep consists of repeating cycles of NREM followed by REM. However, the respective functions of NREM, REM, and their stereotypic cycling pattern are not well understood. Using a simplified biophysical network model, we show that NREM and REM sleep can play differential and critical roles in memory consolidation primarily regulated, based on state-specific changes in cholinergic signaling. Within this network, decreasing and increasing muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) signaling during bouts of NREM and REM, respectively, differentially alters neuronal excitability and excitatory/inhibitory balance. During NREM, deactivation of inhibitory neurons leads to network-wide disinhibition and bursts of synchronized activity led by firing in engram neurons. These features strengthen connections from the original engram neurons to less-active network neurons. In contrast, during REM, an increase in network inhibition suppresses firing in all but the most-active excitatory neurons, leading to competitive strengthening/pruning of the memory trace. We tested the predictions of the model against in vivo recordings from mouse hippocampus during active sleep-dependent memory storage. Consistent with modeling results, we find that functional connectivity between CA1 neurons changes differentially at transition from NREM to REM sleep during learning. Returning to the model, we find that an iterative sequence of state-specific activations during NREM/REM cycling is essential for memory storage in the network, serving a critical role during simultaneous consolidation of multiple memories. Together these results provide a testable mechanistic hypothesis for the respective roles of NREM and REM sleep, and their universal relative timing, in memory consolidation. Significance statement Using a simplified computational model and in vivo recordings from mouse hippocampus, we show that NREM and REM sleep can play differential roles in memory consolidation. The specific neurophysiological features of the two sleep states allow for expansion of memory traces (during NREM) and prevention of overlap between different memory traces (during REM). These features are likely essential in the context of storing more than one new memory simultaneously within a brain network.
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Yang Y, Booth V, Zochowski M. Acetylcholine facilitates localized synaptic potentiation and location specific feature binding. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1239096. [PMID: 38033788 PMCID: PMC10684311 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1239096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Forebrain acetylcholine (ACh) signaling has been shown to drive attention and learning. Recent experimental evidence of spatially and temporally constrained cholinergic signaling has sparked interest to investigate how it facilitates stimulus-induced learning. We use biophysical excitatory-inhibitory (E-I) multi-module neural network models to show that external stimuli and ACh signaling can mediate spatially constrained synaptic potentiation patterns. The effects of ACh on neural excitability are simulated by varying the conductance of a muscarinic receptor-regulated hyperpolarizing slow K+ current (m-current). Each network module consists of an E-I network with local excitatory connectivity and global inhibitory connectivity. The modules are interconnected with plastic excitatory synaptic connections, that change via a spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) rule. Our results indicate that spatially constrained ACh release influences the information flow represented by network dynamics resulting in selective reorganization of inter-module interactions. Moreover the information flow depends on the level of synchrony in the network. For highly synchronous networks, the more excitable module leads firing in the less excitable one resulting in strengthening of the outgoing connections from the former and weakening of its incoming synapses. For networks with more noisy firing patterns, activity in high ACh regions is prone to induce feedback firing of synchronous volleys and thus strengthening of the incoming synapses to the more excitable region and weakening of outgoing synapses. Overall, these results suggest that spatially and directionally specific plasticity patterns, as are presumed necessary for feature binding, can be mediated by spatially constrained ACh release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Yang
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Victoria Booth
- Departments of Mathematics and Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michal Zochowski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Wang Y, He Y, Jiang L, Chen X, Zou F, Yin Y, Li J, Li C, Zhang G, Ma J, Niu L. Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on post-stroke dysphagia. J Neurol 2023; 270:995-1003. [PMID: 36329182 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11465-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It has been proved that electrical vagus nerve stimulation can promote the recovery of motor function after stroke. There were no trials on the use of transcutaneous auricular electrical vagus nerve stimulation (ta-VNS) in patients with dysphagia after acute stroke. Our aim was to confirm whether ta-VNS can promote the recovery of swallowing function in these acute stroke patients with dysphagia. METHODS We conducted a sham-controlled, double-blinded, parallel pilot study in 40 acute stroke patients randomly assigned to receive ta-VNS or sham ta-VNS combined with conventional rehabilitation training. The intensity of ta-VNS treatment was adjusted according to the patient's tolerance, 30 min each time, twice a day, five times a week, with a total course of 3 weeks. In the sham group, the parameters were the same except energy output. Swallowing function was assessed with Modified Mann assessment of swallowing ability (MASA), functional communication measure swallowing test (FCM), and the Rosenbek leakage/aspiration scale (RAS) according to swallowing video fluoroscopic (SVF) before the intervention (baseline, T0), immediately after the intervention (T1) and 4 weeks after the intervention (T2). RESULTS After treatment, ta-VNS group statistically and clinically had larger change of MASA, FCM, and RAS scores compared with control group (P < 0.05) and this improvement continued at least 4 weeks after the end of treatment. There were no serious adverse events occurred during the whole intervention. CONCLUSION The transcutaneous auricular electrical vagus nerve stimulation is effective as a novel and noninvasive treatment strategy for patients with dysphagia after acute stroke. TRIAL REGISTRATION No: kelunshen No. 63 in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yingxi He
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xiaoxu Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Fengjiao Zou
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jiani Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Guifang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jingxi Ma
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Lingchuan Niu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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6
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Wu J, Aton SJ, Booth V, Zochowski M. Heterogeneous mechanisms for synchronization of networks of resonant neurons under different E/I balance regimes. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 2:975951. [PMID: 36926113 PMCID: PMC10013004 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2022.975951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Rhythmic synchronization of neuronal firing patterns is a widely present phenomenon in the brain-one that seems to be essential for many cognitive processes. A variety of mechanisms contribute to generation and synchronization of network oscillations, ranging from intrinsic cellular excitability to network mediated effects. However, it is unclear how these mechanisms interact together. Here, using computational modeling of excitatory-inhibitory neural networks, we show that different synchronization mechanisms dominate network dynamics at different levels of excitation and inhibition (i.e. E/I levels) as synaptic strength is systematically varied. Our results show that with low synaptic strength networks are sensitive to external oscillatory drive as a synchronizing mechanism-a hallmark of resonance. In contrast, in a strongly-connected regime, synchronization is driven by network effects via the direct interaction between excitation and inhibition, and spontaneous oscillations and cross-frequency coupling emerge. Unexpectedly, we find that while excitation dominates network synchrony at low excitatory coupling strengths, inhibition dominates at high excitatory coupling strengths. Together, our results provide novel insights into the oscillatory modulation of firing patterns in different excitation/inhibition regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Wu
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sara J. Aton
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Victoria Booth
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michal Zochowski
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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7
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Eniwaye BP, Booth V, Hudetz AG, Zochowski M. Modeling cortical synaptic effects of anesthesia and their cholinergic reversal. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009743. [PMID: 35737717 PMCID: PMC9258872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
General anesthetics work through a variety of molecular mechanisms while resulting in the common end point of sedation and loss of consciousness. Generally, the administration of common anesthetics induces reduction in synaptic excitation while promoting synaptic inhibition. Exogenous modulation of the anesthetics' synaptic effects can help determine the neuronal pathways involved in anesthesia. For example, both animal and human studies have shown that exogenously induced increases in acetylcholine in the brain can elicit wakeful-like behavior despite the continued presence of the anesthetic. However, the underlying mechanisms of anesthesia reversal at the cellular level have not been investigated. Here we apply a computational model of a network of excitatory and inhibitory neurons to simulate the network-wide effects of anesthesia, due to changes in synaptic inhibition and excitation, and their reversal by cholinergic activation through muscarinic receptors. We use a differential evolution algorithm to fit model parameters to match measures of spiking activity, neuronal connectivity, and network dynamics recorded in the visual cortex of rodents during anesthesia with desflurane in vivo. We find that facilitating muscarinic receptor effects of acetylcholine on top of anesthetic-induced synaptic changes predicts the reversal of anesthetic suppression of neurons' spiking activity, functional connectivity, as well as pairwise and population interactions. Thus, our model predicts a specific neuronal mechanism for the cholinergic reversal of anesthesia consistent with experimental behavioral observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolaji P. Eniwaye
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Victoria Booth
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail: (VB); (AGH); (MZ)
| | - Anthony G. Hudetz
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Consciousness Science, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail: (VB); (AGH); (MZ)
| | - Michal Zochowski
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Physics and Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail: (VB); (AGH); (MZ)
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8
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Yano H, Artis D. Neuronal regulation of innate lymphoid cell responses. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 76:102205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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Skilling QM, Eniwaye B, Clawson BC, Shaver J, Ognjanovski N, Aton SJ, Zochowski M. Acetylcholine-gated current translates wake neuronal firing rate information into a spike timing-based code in Non-REM sleep, stabilizing neural network dynamics during memory consolidation. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009424. [PMID: 34543284 PMCID: PMC8483332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is critical for memory consolidation, although the exact mechanisms mediating this process are unknown. Combining reduced network models and analysis of in vivo recordings, we tested the hypothesis that neuromodulatory changes in acetylcholine (ACh) levels during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep mediate stabilization of network-wide firing patterns, with temporal order of neurons’ firing dependent on their mean firing rate during wake. In both reduced models and in vivo recordings from mouse hippocampus, we find that the relative order of firing among neurons during NREM sleep reflects their relative firing rates during prior wake. Our modeling results show that this remapping of wake-associated, firing frequency-based representations is based on NREM-associated changes in neuronal excitability mediated by ACh-gated potassium current. We also show that learning-dependent reordering of sequential firing during NREM sleep, together with spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), reconfigures neuronal firing rates across the network. This rescaling of firing rates has been reported in multiple brain circuits across periods of sleep. Our model and experimental data both suggest that this effect is amplified in neural circuits following learning. Together our data suggest that sleep may bias neural networks from firing rate-based towards phase-based information encoding to consolidate memories. We show that neuromodulatory changes during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep generate stable spike timing relationships between neurons, the ordering of which reflects the neurons’ relative firing rates during wake. Learning-dependent ordering of firing in the hippocampus during NREM, acting in tandem with spike timing-dependent plasticity, reconfigures neuronal firing rates across the hippocampal network. This “rescaling” of neuronal firing rates has recently been reported in multiple brain circuits across periods of sleep. Together, our results suggest that the brain is remapping frequency-biased representations of information formed during wake into timing biased-representations during NREM sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinton M Skilling
- Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Bolaji Eniwaye
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Brittany C Clawson
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - James Shaver
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nicolette Ognjanovski
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sara J Aton
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Michal Zochowski
- Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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10
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Yang Y, Gritton H, Sarter M, Aton SJ, Booth V, Zochowski M. Theta-gamma coupling emerges from spatially heterogeneous cholinergic neuromodulation. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009235. [PMID: 34329297 PMCID: PMC8357148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Theta and gamma rhythms and their cross-frequency coupling play critical roles in perception, attention, learning, and memory. Available data suggest that forebrain acetylcholine (ACh) signaling promotes theta-gamma coupling, although the mechanism has not been identified. Recent evidence suggests that cholinergic signaling is both temporally and spatially constrained, in contrast to the traditional notion of slow, spatially homogeneous, and diffuse neuromodulation. Here, we find that spatially constrained cholinergic stimulation can generate theta-modulated gamma rhythms. Using biophysically-based excitatory-inhibitory (E-I) neural network models, we simulate the effects of ACh on neural excitability by varying the conductance of a muscarinic receptor-regulated K+ current. In E-I networks with local excitatory connectivity and global inhibitory connectivity, we demonstrate that theta-gamma-coupled firing patterns emerge in ACh modulated network regions. Stable gamma-modulated firing arises within regions with high ACh signaling, while theta or mixed theta-gamma activity occurs at the peripheries of these regions. High gamma activity also alternates between different high-ACh regions, at theta frequency. Our results are the first to indicate a causal role for spatially heterogenous ACh signaling in the emergence of localized theta-gamma rhythmicity. Our findings also provide novel insights into mechanisms by which ACh signaling supports the brain region-specific attentional processing of sensory information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Yang
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Howard Gritton
- Department of Comparative Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Martin Sarter
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sara J. Aton
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Victoria Booth
- Departments of Mathematics and Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail: (VB); (MZ)
| | - Michal Zochowski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail: (VB); (MZ)
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11
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Sinha N, Heckman CJ, Yang Y. Slowly activating outward membrane currents generate input-output sub-harmonic cross frequency coupling in neurons. J Theor Biol 2020; 509:110509. [PMID: 33022285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2020.110509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in understanding spike-time dependent information encoding in the neural system is the non-linear firing response to inputs of the individual neurons. Hence, quantitative exploration of the putative mechanisms of this non-linear behavior is fundamental to formulating the theory of information transfer in the neural system. The objective of this simulation study was to evaluate and quantify the effect of slowly activating outward membrane current, on the non-linearity in the output of a one-compartment Hodgkin-Huxley styled neuron. To evaluate this effect, the peak conductance of the slow potassium channel (gK-slow) was varied from 0% to 200% of its normal value in steps of 33%. Both cross- and iso-frequency coupling between the input and the output of the simulated neuron was computed using a generalized coherence measure, i.e., n:m coherence. With increasing gK-slow, the amount of sub-harmonic cross-frequency coupling, where the output frequencies (1-8 Hz) are lower than the input frequencies (15-35 Hz), increased progressively whereas no change in iso-frequency coupling was observed. Power spectral and phase-space analysis of the neuronal membrane voltage vs. slow potassium channel activation variable showed that the interaction of the slow channel dynamics with the fast membrane voltage dynamics generates the observed sub-harmonic coupling. This study provides quantitative insights into the role of an important membrane mechanism i.e. the slowly activating outward current in generating non-linearities in the output of a neuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirvik Sinha
- Northwestern Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E Superior Street, Morton 1-645, Chicago, IL 60611-3010, USA; Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 645 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 1100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - C J Heckman
- Northwestern Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E Superior Street, Morton 1-645, Chicago, IL 60611-3010, USA; Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 645 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 1100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 310 E. Superior Street Morton 5-660, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yuan Yang
- Northwestern Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E Superior Street, Morton 1-645, Chicago, IL 60611-3010, USA; Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 645 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 1100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, 4502 E. 41st St, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA; Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA.
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