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Purnama A, Lukman K, Rudiman R, Prasetyo D, Fuadah Y, Nugraha P, Candrawinata VS. The prognostic value of COX-2 in predicting metastasis of patients with colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21051. [PMID: 37876424 PMCID: PMC10590949 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction COX-2 is overexpressed in colorectal tumour tissue relative to the healthy colonic mucosa, thus we investigated the prognostic significance of COX-2 in determining the metastasis of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched using the following terms colorectal cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, colorectal carcinoma, Cyclooxygenase-2, and prognosis to identify articles providing information on the prognostic importance of COX-2 in adult patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Review papers, non-research letters, comments, case reports, animal studies, original research with sample sizes of fewer than 20, case reports and series, non-English language articles, and pediatric studies (those under the age of 17) were excluded. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the credibility of the included studies. The full texts were evaluated and this study complied with the terms of the local protocol and the Helsinki Declaration. Results Eight relevant studies were included in this review involving 937 patients. The meta-analysis revealed that COX-2 expression is associated with lymph node invasion (RR 1.85 [1.21, 2.83], P = 0.005, I2 = 88 %) and liver metastasis (RR 4.90 [1.12, 21.57], P = 0.04, I2 = 42 %), but not with venous dissemination (RR 1.48 [0.72, 3.03], P = 0.28, I2 = 87 %). Conclusion COX-2 expression is associated with lymph node invasion in colorectal cancer but further studies are required to determine the prognostic significance of COX-2 expression in determining metastasis status for colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriana Purnama
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Kiki Lukman
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Reno Rudiman
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Prasetyo
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Yoni Fuadah
- Department of Forensic and Medicolegal, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Prapanca Nugraha
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
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Acevedo-León D, Gómez-Abril SÁ, Sanz-García P, Estañ-Capell N, Bañuls C, Sáez G. The role of oxidative stress, tumor and inflammatory markers in colorectal cancer patients: A one-year follow-up study. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102662. [PMID: 36917901 PMCID: PMC10023975 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are known to play an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study analyzed tumor, inflammatory and OS markers in CRC patients and in a control group. In addition, the evolution of these markers was evaluated after one-year of follow-up treatment. This was a longitudinal and prospective, observational study in 80 CRC patients who were candidates for tumor resection surgery and/or chemo-radiotherapy treatment and a healthy control group (n = 60). Subsequently, catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and GSSG/GSH ratio in serum and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and F2-IsoProstanes (F2-IsoPs) in urine at 1, 6 and 12 months after treatment was analyzed. Tumor markers (CEA and CA 19.9), as well as inflammatory markers-leukocytes, neutrophils, neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) index, platelets, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin 6 (IL6)- were also analyzed. As expected, levels of CEA and CA 19.9 and markers of inflammation, except CRP, were significantly higher in CRC compared to the control group. Regarding OS markers, a decrease in CAT and GSH and an increase in GSSG, GSSG/GSH ratio, 8-oxodG and F2-IsoPs were found in CRC patients compared to healthy controls at baseline. After treatment, an improvement of their inflammation profile was accompanied by a progressive recovery of antioxidant enzyme activities and the decline of oxidative byproducts both in serum and urine. Based on the results obtained, we propose the assay of urinary 8-oxodG and F2-IsoPs, as well as serum CAT, GSH, GSSG as a marker for the evaluation of OS and the clinical follow-up of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Acevedo-León
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017, Valencia, Spain
| | - Segundo Ángel Gómez-Abril
- Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Sanz-García
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nuria Estañ-Capell
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017, Valencia, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Sáez
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017, Valencia, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Odontotología, Universidad de Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Markers in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911664. [PMID: 36232966 PMCID: PMC9569897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are known to play an important role in chronic diseases, including cancer, and specifically colorectal cancer (CRC). The main objective of this study was to explore the diagnostic potential of OS markers in patients with CRC, which may translate into an early diagnosis of the disease. To do this, we compared results with those in a group of healthy controls and assessed whether there were significant differences. In addition, we explored possible correlations with the presence of tumors and tumor stage, with anemia and with inflammatory markers used in clinical practice. The study included 80 patients with CRC and 60 healthy controls. The following OS markers were analyzed: catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in serum; and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and F2-isoprotanes in urine (F2-IsoPs). Tumor markers (CEA and CA 19.9), anemia markers (hemoglobin, hematocrit and medium corpuscular volume) and inflammatory markers (leukocytes, neutrophils, N/L index, platelets, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, CRP and IL-6) were also determined. Comparison of means between patients and controls revealed highly significant differences for all OS markers, with an increase in the prooxidant markers GSSG, GSSG/GSH ratio, 8-oxodG and F2-IsoPs, and a decrease in the antioxidant markers CAT and GSH. Tumor and inflammatory markers (except CRP) correlated positively with GSSG, GSSG/GSH ratio, 8-oxodG and F2-IsoPs, and negatively with CAT and GSH. In view of the results obtained, OS markers may constitute a useful tool for the early diagnosis of CRC patients.
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Acevedo-León D, Monzó-Beltrán L, Gómez-Abril SÁ, Estañ-Capell N, Camarasa-Lillo N, Pérez-Ebri ML, Escandón-Álvarez J, Alonso-Iglesias E, Santaolaria-Ayora ML, Carbonell-Moncho A, Ventura-Gayete J, Pla L, Martínez-Bisbal MC, Martínez-Máñez R, Bagán-Debón L, Viña-Almunia A, Martínez-Santamaría MA, Ruiz-Luque M, Alonso-Fernández J, Bañuls C, Sáez G. The Effectiveness of Glutathione Redox Status as a Possible Tumor Marker in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126183. [PMID: 34201191 PMCID: PMC8226858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of oxidative stress (OS) in cancer is a matter of great interest due to the implication of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their oxidation products in the initiation of tumorigenesis, its progression, and metastatic dissemination. Great efforts have been made to identify the mechanisms of ROS-induced carcinogenesis; however, the validation of OS byproducts as potential tumor markers (TMs) remains to be established. This interventional study included a total of 80 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 60 controls. By measuring reduced glutathione (GSH), its oxidized form (GSSG), and the glutathione redox state in terms of the GSSG/GSH ratio in the serum of CRC patients, we identified significant changes as compared to healthy subjects. These findings are compatible with the effectiveness of glutathione as a TM. The thiol redox state showed a significant increase towards oxidation in the CRC group and correlated significantly with both the tumor state and the clinical evolution. The sensitivity and specificity of serum glutathione levels are far above those of the classical TMs CEA and CA19.9. We conclude that the GSSG/GSH ratio is a simple assay which could be validated as a novel clinical TM for the diagnosis and monitoring of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Acevedo-León
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (M.L.S.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (J.V.-G.); (M.A.M.-S.); (M.R.-L.); (J.A.-F.)
| | - Lidia Monzó-Beltrán
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Odontotología-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.-B.); (E.A.-I.)
| | - Segundo Ángel Gómez-Abril
- Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Nuria Estañ-Capell
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (M.L.S.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (J.V.-G.); (M.A.M.-S.); (M.R.-L.); (J.A.-F.)
| | - Natalia Camarasa-Lillo
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.C.-L.); (M.L.P.-E.); (J.E.-Á.)
| | - Marisa Luisa Pérez-Ebri
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.C.-L.); (M.L.P.-E.); (J.E.-Á.)
| | - Jorge Escandón-Álvarez
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (N.C.-L.); (M.L.P.-E.); (J.E.-Á.)
| | - Eulalia Alonso-Iglesias
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Odontotología-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.-B.); (E.A.-I.)
| | - Marisa Luisa Santaolaria-Ayora
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (M.L.S.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (J.V.-G.); (M.A.M.-S.); (M.R.-L.); (J.A.-F.)
| | - Araceli Carbonell-Moncho
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (M.L.S.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (J.V.-G.); (M.A.M.-S.); (M.R.-L.); (J.A.-F.)
| | - Josep Ventura-Gayete
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (M.L.S.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (J.V.-G.); (M.A.M.-S.); (M.R.-L.); (J.A.-F.)
| | - Luis Pla
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València—Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (L.P.); (M.C.M.-B.); (R.M.-M.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Carmen Martínez-Bisbal
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València—Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (L.P.); (M.C.M.-B.); (R.M.-M.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València—Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Química Física, Universitat de València, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València—Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (L.P.); (M.C.M.-B.); (R.M.-M.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Mixta UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina, Universitat Politècnica de València, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València—Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Química Física, Universitat de València, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Leticia Bagán-Debón
- Departamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Aurora Viña-Almunia
- Centro de Salud San Isidro, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain;
| | - M. Amparo Martínez-Santamaría
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (M.L.S.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (J.V.-G.); (M.A.M.-S.); (M.R.-L.); (J.A.-F.)
| | - María Ruiz-Luque
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (M.L.S.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (J.V.-G.); (M.A.M.-S.); (M.R.-L.); (J.A.-F.)
| | - Jorge Alonso-Fernández
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (M.L.S.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (J.V.-G.); (M.A.M.-S.); (M.R.-L.); (J.A.-F.)
| | - Celia Bañuls
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (G.S.); Tel.: +34-96-318-9132 (C.B.); +34-96-386-4160 (G.S.)
| | - Guillermo Sáez
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (D.A.-L.); (N.E.-C.); (M.L.S.-A.); (A.C.-M.); (J.V.-G.); (M.A.M.-S.); (M.R.-L.); (J.A.-F.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Odontotología-INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.M.-B.); (E.A.-I.)
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (G.S.); Tel.: +34-96-318-9132 (C.B.); +34-96-386-4160 (G.S.)
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Korac B, Kalezic A, Pekovic-Vaughan V, Korac A, Jankovic A. Redox changes in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101887. [PMID: 33579666 PMCID: PMC8113039 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
"Life is an instantaneous encounter of circulating matter and flowing energy" (Jean Giaja, Serbian physiologist), is one of the most elegant definitions not only of life but the relationship of redox biology and metabolism. Their evolutionary liaison has created inseparable yet dynamic homeostasis in health, which, when disrupted, leads to disease. This interconnection is even more pertinent today, in an era of increasing metabolic diseases of epidemic proportions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Despite great advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of redox and metabolic regulation, we face significant challenges in preventing, diagnosing, and treating metabolic diseases. The etiological association and temporal overlap of these syndromes present significant challenges for the discrimination of appropriate clinical biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment, and outcome prediction. These multifactorial, multiorgan metabolic syndromes with complex etiopathogenic mechanisms are accompanied by disturbed redox equilibrium in target tissues and circulation. Free radicals and reactive species are considered both a causal factor and a consequence of disease status. Thus, determining the subtypes and levels of free radicals and reactive species, oxidatively damaged biomolecules (lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) and antioxidant defense components as well as redox-sensitive transcription factors and fluxes of redox-dependent metabolic pathways will help define existing and establish novel redox biomarkers for stratifying metabolic diseases. This review aims to discuss diverse redox/metabolic aspects in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, with the imperative to help establish a platform for emerging and future redox-metabolic biomarkers research in precision medicine. Future research warrants detailed investigations into the status of redox biomarkers in healthy subjects and patients, including the use of emerging 'omic' profiling technologies (e.g., redox proteomes, lipidomes, metabolomes, and transcriptomes), taking into account the influence of lifestyle (diet, physical activity, sleep, work patterns) as well as circadian ~24h fluctuations in circulatory factors and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bato Korac
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia; Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Andjelika Kalezic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vanja Pekovic-Vaughan
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, William Henry Duncan Building, University of Liverpool, L7 8TX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Aleksandra Korac
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jankovic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Molina-Montes E, García-Villanova B, Guerra-Hernández EJ, Amiano P. Linking nonenzymatic antioxidants in the diet and colorectal cancer. Cancer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819547-5.00020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Warsinggih, Irawan B, Labeda I, Lusikooy RE, Sampetoding S, Kusuma MI, Uwuratuw JA, Syarifuddin E, Prihantono, Faruk M. Association of superoxide dismutase enzyme with staging and grade of differentiation colorectal cancer: A cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2020; 58:194-199. [PMID: 32994983 PMCID: PMC7505864 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) level in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients based on the examination of staging and grade of differentiation still evidently represents a clinical problem. SOD level raises at a certain staging and reduce at a certain grade of differentiation. For that reason, this study aimed to assess the association between SOD and the variables analyzed in this study. Materials and methods This study was observational study using a cross-sectional research design aimed to measure the association between SOD and staging as well as grade of differentiation in CRC incidence. The study was conducted in our institution from January until March 2018. Results Statistical analyses of the data derived from the laboratory indicated that age and histopathological examination (TNM staging) had statistically significant correlation with SOD1 level. This significant correlation was proven from results of the statistical analyses of each variable at p = 0.039 (age) and p = 0.001 (TNM staging) respectively. Subsequent tests concerning the correlation between age and TNM staging on SOD1 level revealed that the study samples in the category of 30-49 age years old showed statistically significant correlation with SOD1 level with p = 0.009. Conclusion The increase of grade of differentiation was proportional to the increase of SOD1 level as antioxidant against cancer in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warsinggih
- Division of Digestive, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Budi Irawan
- Division of Digestive, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Ibrahim Labeda
- Division of Digestive, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Ronald Erasio Lusikooy
- Division of Digestive, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Samuel Sampetoding
- Division of Digestive, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - M Ihwan Kusuma
- Division of Digestive, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Julianus Aboyaman Uwuratuw
- Division of Digestive, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Erwin Syarifuddin
- Division of Digestive, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Prihantono
- Division of Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Faruk
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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