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Ye C, Liu X, Liu Z, Pan C, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Sun H. Fusobacterium nucleatum in tumors: from tumorigenesis to tumor metastasis and tumor resistance. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2306676. [PMID: 38289287 PMCID: PMC10829845 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2306676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum, an anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium primarily residing in the oral cavity, has garnered significant attention for its emerging role in cancer progression and prognosis. While extensive research has revealed mechanistic links between Fusobacterium nucleatum and colorectal cancer, a comprehensive review spanning its presence and metastatic implications in cancers beyond colorectal origin is conspicuously absent. This paper broadens our perspective from colorectal cancer to various malignancies associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum, including oral, pancreatic, esophageal, breast, and gastric cancers. Our central focus is to unravel the mechanisms governing Fusobacterium nucleatum colonization, initiation, and promotion of metastasis across diverse cancer types. Additionally, we explore Fusobacterium nucleatum's adverse impacts on cancer therapies, particularly within the domains of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, this paper underscores the clinical research significance of Fusobacterium nucleatum as a potential tumor biomarker and therapeutic target, offering a novel outlook on its applicability in cancer detection and prognostic assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ye
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilun Liu
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuxuan Pan
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanyi Zhao
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Ji’an, Shanghai East Hospital of Ji’an, Ji’an, China
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2
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Ke Y, Tan C, Zhen J, Dong W. Global status and trends of gastric cancer and gastric microbiota research: a bibliometric analysis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1341012. [PMID: 38655079 PMCID: PMC11037409 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1341012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have cast light on the relationship between the gastric microbiota and gastric carcinogenesis. In this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature in the field of gastric cancer and the gastric microbiota and clarified its research status, hotspots, and development trends. Materials and methods Publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection on 18 July 2023. CiteSpace 6.2.R4, VOSviewer 1.6.19.0, and Biblioshiny were used for the co-occurrence and cooperation analyses of countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords. A keyword cluster analysis and an emergence analysis were performed, and relevant knowledge maps were drawn. Results The number of published papers in this field totaled 215 and showed an increasing trend. The analysis of funding suggested that the input in this field is increasing steadily. China had the highest number of publications, while the United States had the highest betweenness centrality. Baylor College of Medicine published the most articles cumulatively. Both Ferreira RM and Cooker OO had the highest citation frequency. The journal Helicobacter showed the most interest in this field, while Gut provided a substantial research foundation. A total of 280 keywords were obtained using CiteSpace, which were primarily focused on the eradication and pathogenic mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori, as well as the application of the gastric microbiota in the evaluation and treatment of gastric cancer. The burst analysis suggested that in the future, research may focus on the application of gastric microorganisms, particularly Fusobacterium nucleatum, in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, along with their pathogenic mechanisms. Conclusion Current studies have been tracking the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and its pathogenic mechanisms, as well as changes in the gastric microbiota during gastric carcinogenesis. Future research may focus on the clinical application and pathogenesis of stomach microorganisms through bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Ke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junhai Zhen
- Department of General Practice, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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3
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Liu H, Song C, Wang J, Chen Z, Zhang X, Zhou H, Yao L, Chen D, Gu W, Huang RK, Huang BK, Han BW, Du J. Development of fecal microbial diagnostic marker sets of colorectal cancer using natural language processing method. Int J Biol Markers 2024; 39:31-39. [PMID: 38128926 DOI: 10.1177/03936155231210881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer screening and early detection greatly increase the chances of successful treatment. However, most cancer types lack effective early screening biomarkers. In recent years, natural language processing (NLP)-based text-mining methods have proven effective in searching the scientific literature and identifying promising associations between potential biomarkers and disease, but unfortunately few are widely used. METHODS In this study, we used an NLP-enabled text-mining system, MarkerGenie, to identify potential stool bacterial markers for early detection and screening of colorectal cancer. After filtering markers based on text-mining results, we validated bacterial markers using multiplex digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). Classifiers were built based on ddPCR results, and sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the performance. RESULTS A total of 7 of the 14 bacterial markers showed significantly increased abundance in the stools of colorectal cancer patients. A five-bacteria classifier for colorectal cancer diagnosis was built, and achieved an AUC of 0.852, with a sensitivity of 0.692 and specificity of 0.935. When combined with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT), our classifier achieved an AUC of 0.959 and increased the sensitivity of FIT (0.929 vs. 0.872) at a specificity of 0.900. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a valuable case example of the use of NLP-based marker mining for biomarker identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houcong Liu
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Changpu Song
- Guangdong Jiyin Biotech Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jidong Wang
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhufang Chen
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hekai Zhou
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Linhong Yao
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Guangdong Jiyin Biotech Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhao Gu
- Guangdong Jiyin Biotech Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui-Kun Huang
- Guangdong Jiyin Biotech Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing-Kun Huang
- Guangdong Jiyin Biotech Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo-Wei Han
- Guangdong Jiyin Biotech Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jihui Du
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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4
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Tortora SC, Agurto MG, Martello LA. The oral-gut-circulatory axis: from homeostasis to colon cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1289452. [PMID: 38029267 PMCID: PMC10663299 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1289452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota is widely recognized as providing crucial health benefits to its host, specifically by modulating immune homeostasis. Microbial imbalance, known as dysbiosis, is linked to several conditions in the body. The oral cavity and gut host the two largest microbial communities playing a major role in microbial-associated diseases. While the oral-gut axis has been previously explored, our review uniquely highlights the significance of incorporating the circulatory system into this axis. The interaction between immune cells, inflammatory factors, circulating bacteria, and microbial metabolites influences the homeostasis of both the oral and gut microbiota in a bidirectional manner. In this comprehensive review, we aim to describe the bacterial components of the oral-gut-circulatory axis in both health and disease, with a specific focus on colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia C. Tortora
- Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Maria Gonzalez Agurto
- Departamento de Rehabilitación Craneofacial Integral, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Laura A. Martello
- Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
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Chen L, Zhao R, Kang Z, Cao Z, Liu N, Shen J, Wang C, Pan F, Zhou X, Liu Z, Yang Y, Chen Q. Delivery of short chain fatty acid butyrate to overcome Fusobacterium nucleatum-induced chemoresistance. J Control Release 2023; 363:43-56. [PMID: 37734673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is closely associated with the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) in which Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) was found to induce cancer resistance to chemotherapeutics. To relieve F. nucleatum-induced drug resistance, herein, we found that short-chain fatty acid butyrate can inhibit the growth, enrichment and adhesion of F. nucleatum in colorectal cancer tissues by downregulating the expression of adhesion-associated outer membrane proteins, including RadD, FomA, and FadA, to reduce the colonization and invasion of F. nucleatum and relieve the chemoresistance induced by F. nucleatum. Leveraging the killing effect of butyrate on F. nucleatum, sodium butyrate (NaBu) was encapsulated in liposomes or prepared as NaBu tablets with Eudragit S100 coating and administered by intravenous injection or oral administration, respectively. Interestingly, both intravenous administration of NaBu liposomes and oral delivery of NaBu tablets could effectively inhibit the proliferation of F. nucleatum and significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy of oxaliplatin in mice with subcutaneous colorectal tumors, orthotopic colorectal tumors and even spontaneously formed colorectal tumors. Thus, our work provides a simple but effective formulation of NaBu to relieve F. nucleatum-induced chemoresistance, exhibiting ideal clinical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfu Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Zheyu Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Zhiqin Cao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Nanhui Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jingjing Shen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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Qu X, Yin F, Pei M, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Lu S, Zhang X, Liu Z, Li X, Chen H, Zhang Y, Qin H. Modulation of Intratumoral Fusobacterium nucleatum to Enhance Sonodynamic Therapy for Colorectal Cancer with Reduced Phototoxic Skin Injury. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37201179 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Intratumoral pathogens can contribute to cancer progression and affect therapeutic response. Fusobacterium nucleatum, a core pathogen of colorectal cancer (CRC), is an important cause of low therapeutic efficacy and metastasis. Thus, the modulation of intratumoral pathogens may provide a target for cancer therapy and metastasis inhibition. Herein, we propose an intratumoral F. nucleatum-modulating strategy for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of CRC and inhibiting lung metastasis by designing an antibacterial nanoplatform (Au@BSA-CuPpIX), which produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound and exhibited strong antibacterial activity. Importantly, Au@BSA-CuPpIX reduced the levels of apoptosis-inhibiting proteins by inhibiting intratumoral F. nucleatum, thereby enhancing ROS-induced apoptosis. In vivo results demonstrated that Au@BSA-CuPpIX effectively eliminated F. nucleatum to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) for orthotopic CRC and inhibit lung metastasis. Notably, entrapped gold nanoparticles reduced the phototoxicity of metalloporphyrin accumulated in the skin during tumor treatment, preventing severe inflammation and damage to the skin. Therefore, this study proposes a strategy for the elimination of F. nucleatum in CRC to enhance the therapeutic effect of SDT, thus providing a promising paradigm for improving cancer treatment with fewer toxic side effects and promoting the clinical translational potential of SDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Qu
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fang Yin
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Manman Pei
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shengwei Lu
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xuelian Zhang
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ziyuan Liu
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xinyao Li
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Hangrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital, 999 Donghai Road, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
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Rejali L, Seifollahi Asl R, Sanjabi F, Fatemi N, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Saeedi Niasar M, Ketabi Moghadam P, Nazemalhosseini Mojarad E, Mini E, Nobili S. Principles of Molecular Utility for CMS Classification in Colorectal Cancer Management. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2746. [PMID: 37345083 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of cancer-related deaths in both sexes globally and presents different clinical outcomes that are described by a range of genomic and epigenomic alterations. Despite the advancements in CRC screening plans and treatment strategies, the prognosis of CRC is dismal. In the last two decades, molecular biomarkers predictive of prognosis have been identified in CRC, although biomarkers predictive of treatment response are only available for specific biological drugs used in stage IV CRC. Translational clinical trials mainly based on "omic" strategies allowed a better understanding of the biological heterogeneity of CRCs. These studies were able to classify CRCs into subtypes mainly related to prognosis, recurrence risk, and, to some extent, also to treatment response. Accordingly, the comprehensive molecular characterizations of CRCs, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and consensus molecular subtype (CMS) classifications, were presented to improve the comprehension of the genomic and epigenomic landscapes of CRCs for a better patient management. The CMS classification obtained by the CRC subtyping consortium categorizes CRC into four consensus molecular subtypes (CMS1-4) characterized by different prognoses. In this review, we discussed the CMS classification in different settings with a focus on its relationships with precursor lesions, tumor immunophenotype, and gut microbiota, as well as on its role in predicting prognosis and/or response to pharmacological treatments, as a crucial step towards precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leili Rejali
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 19875-17411, Iran
| | - Romina Seifollahi Asl
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 19875-17411, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sanjabi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 14496-14535, Iran
| | - Nayeralsadat Fatemi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 19875-17411, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 19875-17411, Iran
| | - Mahsa Saeedi Niasar
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 19875-17411, Iran
| | - Pardis Ketabi Moghadam
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 19875-17411, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Yaman Street, Chamran Expressway, Tehran P.O. Box 19857-17411, Iran
| | - Enrico Mini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefania Nobili
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy
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Pani G. Fusobacterium & Co. at the Stem of Cancer: Microbe-Cancer Stem Cell Interactions in Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092583. [PMID: 37174049 PMCID: PMC10177588 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells lie at the crossroads of tissue repair, inflammation, and malignancy. Intestinal microbiota and microbe-host interactions are pivotal to maintaining gut homeostasis and response to injury, and participate in colorectal carcinogenesis. Yet, limited knowledge is available on whether and how bacteria directly crosstalk with intestinal stem cells (ISC), particularly cancerous stem-like cells (CR-CSC), as engines for colorectal cancer initiation, maintenance, and metastatic dissemination. Among several bacterial species alleged to initiate or promote colorectal cancer (CRC), the pathobiont Fusobacterium Nucleatum has recently drawn significant attention for its epidemiologic association and mechanistic linkage with the disease. We will therefore focus on current evidence for an F. nucleatum-CRCSC axis in tumor development, highlighting the commonalities and differences between F. nucleatum-associated colorectal carcinogenesis and gastric cancer driven by Helicobacter Pylori. We will explore the diverse facets of the bacteria-CSC interaction, analyzing the signals and pathways whereby bacteria either confer "stemness" properties to tumor cells or primarily target stem-like elements within the heterogeneous tumor cell populations. We will also discuss the extent to which CR-CSC cells are competent for innate immune responses and participate in establishing a tumor-promoting microenvironment. Finally, by capitalizing on the expanding knowledge of how the microbiota and ISC crosstalk in intestinal homeostasis and response to injury, we will speculate on the possibility that CRC arises as an aberrant repair response promoted by pathogenic bacteria upon direct stimulation of intestinal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovambattista Pani
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, L. go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
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9
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Alasiri GA. Effect of gut microbiota on colorectal cancer progression and treatment. Saudi Med J 2022; 43:1289-1299. [PMID: 36517053 PMCID: PMC9994512 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.12.20220367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiota is a collection of bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, bacteriophages, viruses, and fungi that cover human body surfaces and cavities. They characterize inside the body due to several factors such as diet, nutrition, xenobiotic substances, and microbial infections. Several studies have shown that gut microbiota can induce resistance against pathogens and regulate the immune system. In addition, their disruption is associated with several physiological and biochemical disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obesity, autoimmune diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, colon cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third-deadliest cancer worldwide, accounting for approximately 900,000 deaths per year globally. Gut microbiota has been heavily linked to CRC incidence and prevention via bacterial metabolites, invasion, translocation, host's defense modulations, and bacterial-immune system interactions. In addition, it can influence the metabolism of chemical compounds such as drugs and xenobiotics to manipulate the treatment response in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glowi A. Alasiri
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Ahn H, Min K, Lee E, Kim H, Kim S, Kim Y, Kim G, Cho B, Jeong C, Kim Y, Park H. Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Characteristics of Cancer Microbiome in Korean Patients with GI Tract Cancer: Fusobacterium nucleatum as a Therapeutic Target. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10101896. [PMID: 36296174 PMCID: PMC9610011 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Remarkable progress has occurred over the past two decades in identifying microbiomes affecting the human body in numerous ways. The microbiome is linked to gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a common microbiome among GI tract cancers and how the microbiome affects the disease. To ensure ethnic consistency, Korean patients with GI tract cancer were selected. Fusobacterium nucleatum is an enriched bacteria in all cancer tissues. F. nucleatum is a Gram-negative obligate anaerobe that promotes colorectal cancer. Through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Differentially Expressed Genes (DEG) analyses, the upregulation of the G2M checkpoint pathway was identified in the F. nucleatum-high group. Cell viability and G2M checkpoint pathway genes were examined in MC 38 cells treated with F. nucleatum. F. nucleatum upregulated the expression of G2M checkpoint pathway genes and the cell proliferation of MC 38 cells. F. nucleatum facilitated cancer’s use of G2M checkpoint pathways and F. nucleatum could be a therapeutic target in Korean GI tract cancer.
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11
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He Z, Tian W, Wei Q, Xu J. Involvement of Fusobacterium nucleatum in malignancies except for colorectal cancer: A literature review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:968649. [PMID: 36059542 PMCID: PMC9428792 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.968649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is originally an oral opportunistic pathogen and accumulating evidence links the presence of F. nucleatum with the pathogenicity, development, and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, only limited preliminary data is available dealing with the role of F. nucleatum in other malignancies except for CRC. The present review aims to update and systematize the latest information about the mechanisms of F. nucleatum-mediating carcinogenesis, together with the detection rates, clinicopathological, and molecular features in F. nucleatum-associated malignancies. Comparing with adjacent non-tumorous tissue, previous studies have shown an overabundance of intratumoural F. nucleatum. Although the prognostic role of F. nucleatum is still controversial, a higher prevalence of F. nucleatum was usually associated with a more advanced tumor stage and a worse overall survival. Preliminary evidence have shown that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and relevant inflammation and immune response aroused by F. nucleatum may be the probable link between F. nucleatum infection and the initiation of oral/head and neck cancer. Further studies are needed to elucidate the etiologic role of the specific microbiota and the connection between the extent of periodontitis and carcinogenesis in different tumor types. The mechanisms of how the antibiotics exerts the critical role in the carcinogenesis and antitumor effects in malignancies other than CRC need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qichun Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Institute (National Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Institute (National Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Xu,
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12
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Valdovinos-Díaz MÁ. Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer: Association or causality? REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGÍA DE MÉXICO 2022; 87:275-276. [PMID: 35623988 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Á Valdovinos-Díaz
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
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13
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Nouri R, Hasani A, Asgharzadeh M, Sefidan FY, Hemmati F, Rezaee MA. Roles of gut microbiota in colorectal carcinogenesis providing a perspective for early diagnosis and treatment. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022; 23:1569-1580. [PMID: 35255786 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220307112413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignant neoplasm in the world. CRC is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Through toxin-mediated DNA damage and promotion of persistent dysregulated inflammation, the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of CRC. In this review, we discussed the correlation between the bacterial microbiota and CRC carcinogenesis as well as the mechanism by which Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis, and Escherichia coli can cause CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alka Hasani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asgharzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yeganeh Sefidan
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hemmati
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Children Educational, Research and Treatment Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Abstract
Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the oral pathobiont Fusobacterium nucleatum is involved in the progression of an increasing number of tumors types. Thus far, the mechanisms underlying tumor exacerbation by F. nucleatum include the enhancement of proliferation, establishment of a tumor‐promoting immune environment, induction of chemoresistance, and the activation of immune checkpoints. This review focuses on the mechanisms that mediate tumor‐specific colonization by fusobacteria. Elucidating the mechanisms mediating fusobacterial tumor tropism and promotion might provide new insights for the development of novel approaches for tumor detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Alon-Maimon
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ofer Mandelboim
- The Concern Foundation Laboratories, Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gilad Bachrach
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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15
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Kim M, Yun SY, Lee Y, Lee H, Yong D, Lee K. Clinical Differences in Patients Infected with Fusobacterium and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Fusobacterium Isolates Recovered at a Tertiary-Care Hospital in Korea. Ann Lab Med 2022; 42:188-195. [PMID: 34635612 PMCID: PMC8548237 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2022.42.2.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fusobacterium species are obligately anaerobic, gram-negative bacilli. Especially, F. nucleatum and F. necrophorum are highly relevant human pathogens. We investigated clinical differences in patients infected with Fusobacterium spp. and determined the antimicrobial susceptibility of Fusobacterium isolates. Methods We collected clinical data of 86 patients from whom Fusobacterium spp. were isolated from clinical specimens at a tertiary-care hospital in Korea between 2003 and 2020. In total, 76 non-duplicated Fusobacterium isolates were selected for antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the agar dilution method, according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (M11-A9). Results F. nucleatum was most frequently isolated from blood cultures and was associated with hematologic malignancy, whereas F. necrophorum was mostly prevalent in head and neck infections. Anti-anaerobic agents were more commonly used to treat F. nucleatum and F. varium infections than to treat F. necrophorum infections. We observed no significant difference in mortality between patients infected with these species. All F. nucleatum and F. necrophorum isolates were susceptible to the antimicrobial agents tested. F. varium was resistant to clindamycin (48%) and moxifloxacin (24%), and F. mortiferum was resistant to penicillin G (22%) and ceftriaxone (67%). β-Lactamase activity was not detected. Conclusions Despite the clinical differences among patients with clinically important Fusobacterium infections, there was no significant difference in the mortality rates. Some Fusobacterium spp. were resistant to penicillin G, ceftriaxone, clindamycin, or moxifloxacin. This study may provide clinically relevant data for implementing empirical treatment against Fusobacterium infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungsook Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Young Yun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunhee Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongeun Yong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul Clinical Laboratories Academy, Yongin, Korea
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16
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Accuracy and Clinical Relevance of Intra-Tumoral Fusobacterium nucleatum Detection in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Tissue by Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) in Colorectal Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12010114. [PMID: 35054281 PMCID: PMC8775036 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to identify and quantify low-abundance targets is a significant advantage for accurately detecting potentially oncogenic bacteria. Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis and is becoming an important prognostic biomarker. We evaluated the detection accuracy and clinical relevance of Fn DNA by ddPCR in a molecularly characterized, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) CRC cohort previously analyzed by qPCR for Fn levels. Following a ddPCR assay optimization and an analytical evaluation, Fn DNA were measured in 139 CRC FFPE cases. The measures of accuracy for Fn status compared to the prior results generated by qPCR and the association with clinicopathological and molecular patients’ features were also evaluated. The ddPCR-based Fn assay was sensitive and specific to positive controls. Fn DNA were detected in 20.1% of cases and further classified as Fn-high and Fn-low/negative, according to the median amount of Fn DNA that were detected in all cases and associated with the patient’s worst prognosis. There was a low agreement between the Fn status determined by ddPCR and qPCR (Cohen’s Kappa = 0.210). Our findings show that ddPCR can detect and quantify Fn in FFPE tumor tissues and highlights its clinical relevance in Fn detection in a routine CRC setting.
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17
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Zhang L, Liu F, Xue J, Lee SA, Liu L, Riordan SM. Bacterial Species Associated With Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Their Pathogenic Mechanisms. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:801892. [PMID: 35283816 PMCID: PMC8908260 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.801892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract with unknown etiology. The pathogenesis of IBD results from immune responses to microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. Various bacterial species that are associated with human IBD have been identified. However, the microbes that trigger the development of human IBD are still not clear. Here we review bacterial species that are associated with human IBD and their pathogenic mechanisms to provide an updated broad understanding of this research field. IBD is an inflammatory syndrome rather than a single disease. We propose a three-stage pathogenesis model to illustrate the roles of different IBD-associated bacterial species and gut commensal bacteria in the development of human IBD. Finally, we recommend microbe-targeted therapeutic strategies based on the three-stage pathogenesis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Li Zhang,
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Xue
- Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Seul A. Lee
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen M. Riordan
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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18
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Tanca A, Abbondio M, Fiorito G, Pira G, Sau R, Manca A, Muroni MR, Porcu A, Scanu AM, Cossu-Rocca P, De Miglio MR, Uzzau S. Metaproteomic Profile of the Colonic Luminal Microbiota From Patients With Colon Cancer. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:869523. [PMID: 35495697 PMCID: PMC9048685 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.869523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have provided evidence of interactions among the gut microbiota (GM), local host immune cells, and intestinal tissues in colon carcinogenesis. However, little is known regarding the functions exerted by the GM in colon cancer (CC), particularly with respect to tumor clinical classification and lymphocyte infiltration. In addition, stool, usually employed as a proxy of the GM, cannot fully represent the original complexity of CC microenvironment. Here, we present a pilot study aimed at characterizing the metaproteome of CC-associated colonic luminal contents and identifying its possible associations with CC clinicopathological features. Colonic luminal contents were collected from 24 CC tissue specimens immediately after surgery. Samples were analyzed by shotgun metaproteomics. Almost 30,000 microbial peptides were quantified in the samples, enabling the achievement of the taxonomic and functional profile of the tumor-associated colonic luminal metaproteome. Upon sample aggregation based on tumor stage, grade, or tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), peptide sets enabling discrimination of sample groups were identified through discriminant analysis (DA). As a result, Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides fragilis were significantly enriched in high-stage and high-grade CC, respectively. Among metabolic functions, formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase was significantly associated with high-stage CC. Finally, based on the results of this pilot study, we assessed the optimal sample size for differential metaproteomic studies analyzing colonic luminal contents. In conclusion, we provide a detailed picture of the microbial and host components of the colonic luminal proteome and propose promising associations between GM taxonomic/functional features and CC clinicopathological features. Future studies will be needed to verify the prognostic value of these data and to fully exploit the potential of metaproteomics in enhancing our knowledge concerning CC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Tanca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marcello Abbondio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fiorito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Medical Research Council (MRC), Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanna Pira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rosangela Sau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Manca
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Muroni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Porcu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Mario Scanu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paolo Cossu-Rocca
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Services, "Giovanni Paolo II" Hospital, Area Socio-Sanitaria Locale (ASSL) Olbia-Azienda per la Tutela della Salute (ATS) Sardegna, Olbia, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria De Miglio
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sergio Uzzau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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19
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Reitano E, de’Angelis N, Gavriilidis P, Gaiani F, Memeo R, Inchingolo R, Bianchi G, de’Angelis GL, Carra MC. Oral Bacterial Microbiota in Digestive Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2585. [PMID: 34946186 PMCID: PMC8707512 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The relation between the gut microbiota and human health is increasingly recognized. Recently, some evidence suggested that dysbiosis of the oral microbiota may be involved in the development of digestive cancers. A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines to investigate the association between the oral microbiota and digestive cancers. Several databases including Medline, Scopus, and Embase were searched by three independent reviewers, without date restriction. Over a total of 1654 records initially identified, 28 studies (2 prospective cohort studies and 26 case-controls) were selected. They investigated oral microbiota composition in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (n = 5), gastric cancer (n = 5), colorectal cancer (n = 9), liver carcinoma (n = 2), and pancreatic cancer (n = 7). In most of the studies, oral microbiota composition was found to be different between digestive cancer patients and controls. Particularly, oral microbiota dysbiosis and specific bacteria, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis, appeared to be associated with colorectal cancers. Current evidence suggests that differences exist in oral microbiota composition between patients with and without digestive cancers. Further studies are required to investigate and validate oral-gut microbial transmission patterns and their role in digestive cancer carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Reitano
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Nicola de’Angelis
- Unit of Digestive and HPB Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, 94010 Créteil, France; (N.d.); (G.B.)
- Faculté de Santé, Université Paris Est, UPEC, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Paschalis Gavriilidis
- Department of HBP Surgery, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK;
| | - Federica Gaiani
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Unit of HPB Surgery, General Regional University Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti, 72021 Bari, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Inchingolo
- Unit of Interventional Radiology, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti, 72021 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Bianchi
- Unit of Digestive and HPB Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, 94010 Créteil, France; (N.d.); (G.B.)
| | - Gian Luigi de’Angelis
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Maria Clotilde Carra
- Service of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Université de Paris, U.F.R. of Odontology-Garanciere, 75006 Paris, France;
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20
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Duijster JW, Franz E, Neefjes J, Mughini-Gras L. Bacterial and Parasitic Pathogens as Risk Factors for Cancers in the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Review of Current Epidemiological Knowledge. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:790256. [PMID: 34956157 PMCID: PMC8692736 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.790256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic potential of viral infections is well established and documented for many years already. However, the contribution of (commensal) bacteria and parasites to the development and progression of cancers has only recently gained momentum, resulting in a rapid growth of publications on the topic. Indeed, various bacteria and parasites have been suggested to play a role in the development of gastrointestinal cancer in particular. Therefore, an overview of the current epidemiological knowledge on the association between infections with bacteria and parasites and cancers of the gastrointestinal tract is needed. In this review, we summarized the methodological characteristics and main results of epidemiological studies investigating the association of 10 different bacteria (Bacteroides fragilis, Campylobacter spp., Clostridium spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, non-typhoidal Salmonella, Salmonella Typhi, and Streptococcus spp.) and three parasites (Cryptosporidium spp., Schistosoma spp., and Strongyloides stercoralis) with gastrointestinal cancer. While the large body of studies based on microbiome sequencing provides valuable insights into the relative abundance of different bacterial taxa in cancer patients as compared to individuals with pre-malignant conditions or healthy controls, more research is needed to fulfill Koch's postulates, possibly making use of follow-up data, to assess the complex role of bacterial and parasitic infections in cancer epidemiology. Studies incorporating follow-up time between detection of the bacterium or parasite and cancer diagnosis remain valuable as these allow for estimation of cause-effect relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke W. Duijster
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eelco Franz
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lapo Mughini-Gras
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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21
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Li S, Liu J, Zheng X, Ren L, Yang Y, Li W, Fu W, Wang J, Du G. Tumorigenic bacteria in colorectal cancer: mechanisms and treatments. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 19:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0651. [PMID: 34586760 PMCID: PMC8832957 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common and the second most fatal cancer. In recent years, more attention has been directed toward the role of gut microbiota in the initiation and development of CRC. Some bacterial species, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Salmonella sp. have been associated with CRC, based upon sequencing studies in CRC patients and functional studies in cell culture and animal models. These bacteria can cause host DNA damage by genotoxic substances, including colibactin secreted by pks + Escherichia coli, B. fragilis toxin (BFT) produced by Bacteroides fragilis, and typhoid toxin (TT) from Salmonella. These bacteria can also indirectly promote CRC by influencing host-signaling pathways, such as E-cadherin/β-catenin, TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB, and SMO/RAS/p38 MAPK. Moreover, some of these bacteria can contribute to CRC progression by helping tumor cells to evade the immune response by suppressing immune cell function, creating a proinflammatory environment, or influencing the autophagy process. Treatments with the classical antibacterial drugs, metronidazole or erythromycin, the antibacterial active ingredients, M13@ Ag (electrostatically assembled from inorganic silver nanoparticles and the protein capsid of bacteriophage M13), berberine, and zerumbone, were found to inhibit tumorigenic bacteria to different degrees. In this review, we described progress in elucidating the tumorigenic mechanisms of several CRC-associated bacteria, as well as progress in developing effective antibacterial therapies. Specific bacteria have been shown to be active in the oncogenesis and progression of CRC, and some antibacterial compounds have shown therapeutic potential in bacteria-induced CRC. These bacteria may be useful as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiangjin Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liwen Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yihui Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weiqi Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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22
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Marcano R, Rojo MÁ, Cordoba-Diaz D, Garrosa M. Pathological and Therapeutic Approach to Endotoxin-Secreting Bacteria Involved in Periodontal Disease. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:533. [PMID: 34437404 PMCID: PMC8402370 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely recognized that periodontal disease is an inflammatory entity of infectious origin, in which the immune activation of the host leads to the destruction of the supporting tissues of the tooth. Periodontal pathogenic bacteria like Porphyromonas gingivalis, that belongs to the complex net of oral microflora, exhibits a toxicogenic potential by releasing endotoxins, which are the lipopolysaccharide component (LPS) available in the outer cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. Endotoxins are released into the tissues causing damage after the cell is lysed. There are three well-defined regions in the LPS: one of them, the lipid A, has a lipidic nature, and the other two, the Core and the O-antigen, have a glycosidic nature, all of them with independent and synergistic functions. Lipid A is the "bioactive center" of LPS, responsible for its toxicity, and shows great variability along bacteria. In general, endotoxins have specific receptors at the cells, causing a wide immunoinflammatory response by inducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the production of matrix metalloproteinases. This response is not coordinated, favoring the dissemination of LPS through blood vessels, as well as binding mainly to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expressed in the host cells, leading to the destruction of the tissues and the detrimental effect in some systemic pathologies. Lipid A can also act as a TLRs antagonist eliciting immune deregulation. Although bacterial endotoxins have been extensively studied clinically and in a laboratory, their effects on the oral cavity and particularly on periodontium deserve special attention since they affect the connective tissue that supports the tooth, and can be linked to advanced medical conditions. This review addresses the distribution of endotoxins associated with periodontal pathogenic bacteria and its relationship with systemic diseases, as well as the effect of some therapeutic alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalia Marcano
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and INCYL, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - M. Ángeles Rojo
- Area of Experimental Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University, 47012 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Damián Cordoba-Diaz
- Area of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and IUFI, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Manuel Garrosa
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and INCYL, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
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23
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Bi D, Zhu Y, Gao Y, Li H, Zhu X, Wei R, Xie R, Wei Q, Qin H. A newly developed PCR-based method revealed distinct Fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies infection patterns in colorectal cancer. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2176-2186. [PMID: 34309194 PMCID: PMC8449656 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum, which has four subspecies (nucleatum, animalis, vincentii and polymorphum), plays an important role in promoting colorectal cancer (CRC). However, as there is no efficient method of differentiating these subspecies in the context of a rich gut microbiota, the compositions in CRC remain largely unknown. In this study, a PCR-based differentiation method enabling profiling of F. nucleatum infection in CRC at the subspecies level was developed. Based on the analysis of 53 F. nucleatum genomes, we identified genetic markers specific to each subspecies and designed primers for the conserved sequences of those markers. The PCR performance of the primers was tested with F. nucleatum and non-nucleatum Fusobacterium strains, and complete consistence with taxonomy was achieved. Additionally, no non-specific amplification occurred when using human DNA. The method was then applied to faecal (n = 58) and fresh-frozen tumour tissue (n = 100) samples from CRC patients, and wide heterogeneity in F. nucleatum subspecies compositions in the gut microbiota among CRC patients was observed. Single-subspecies colonization was common, whereas coexistence of four subspecies was rare. Subspecies animalis was most prevalent, while nucleatum was not frequently detected. The results of this study contribute to our understanding of the pathogenicity of F. nucleatum at the subspecies level and the method developed has potential for clinical and epidemiological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexi Bi
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yaohui Gao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xingchen Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Rong Wei
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ruting Xie
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
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24
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Yamamoto S, Kinugasa H, Hirai M, Terasawa H, Yasutomi E, Oka S, Ohmori M, Yamasaki Y, Inokuchi T, Harada K, Hiraoka S, Nouso K, Tanaka T, Teraishi F, Fujiwara T, Okada H. Heterogeneous distribution of Fusobacterium nucleatum in the progression of colorectal cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:1869-1876. [PMID: 33242360 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) growth and is a biomarker for patient prognosis and management. However, the ecology of Fn in CRC and the distribution of intratumoral Fn are unknown. METHODS We evaluated Fn and the status of KRAS and BRAF in 200 colorectal neoplasms (118 adenomas and 82 cancers) and 149 matched adjacent normal mucosas. The differentiation status between "surface" and "deep" areas of cancer tissue and matched normal mucosa were analyzed in 46 surgical samples; the Ki-67 index was also evaluated in these samples. RESULTS Fusobacterium nucleatum presence in the tumor increased according to pathological stage (5.9% [adenoma] to 81.8% [stage III/IV]), while Fn presence in normal mucosa also increased (7.6% [adenoma] to 40.9% [stage III/IV]). The detection rates of Fn on the tumor surface and in deep areas were 45.7% and 32.6%, while that of normal mucosa were 26.1% and 23.9%, respectively. Stage III/IV tumors showed high Fn surface area expression (66.7%). Fn intratumoral heterogeneity (34.8%) was higher than that of KRAS (4.3%; P < 0.001) and BRAF (2.2%; P < 0.001). The Ki-67 index in Fn-positive cases was higher than that in negative cases (93.9% vs 89.0%; P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Fusobacterium nucleatum was strongly present in CRC superficial areas at stage III/IV. The presence of Fn in the deep areas of adjacent normal mucosa also increased. The intratumoral heterogeneity of Fn is important in the use of Fn as a biomarker, as Fn is associated with CRC proliferative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kinugasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mami Hirai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Terasawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Eriko Yasutomi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shohei Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masayasu Ohmori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Inokuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keita Harada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sakiko Hiraoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nouso
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takehiro Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Fuminori Teraishi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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25
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Tarling T, Matzke LAM, Rush A, Gali B, Byrne JA, Watson PH. Vignettes to Illustrate the Value of Tumor Biobanks in Cancer Research in Canada. Biopreserv Biobank 2021; 20:75-83. [PMID: 34165356 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2021.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor biobanks are a common research infrastructure. As a collection of biospecimens and annotated data collected to support a multitude of research projects, biobanks facilitate access to materials that are the critical fuel for the generation of data in up to 40% of cancer research publications. However, quantifying how to measure biobanks' impact and their value on the field of cancer research discoveries and findings, has not been well elucidated. Methods: We have used a qualitative case study approach to illustrate the impact of tumor biobanks. We assessed the impact of three research studies published between 2010 and 2012 that required easily accessible "classic" biobanks. Each study utilized preassembled collections of tumor biospecimens with associated patient outcomes data at the outset of the research project. We compared the resulting journal impact factor, altmetric and field-weighted citation impact factor scores for each article to a set of six "benchmark" articles that represent cancer research and treatment discoveries from the same time period and two sentinel scientific discovery articles. Results: We developed a value model using a literature search and design-thinking methodologies to illustrate the contributions of these "classic" model biobanks to these research studies. Assessment of the three example articles supported by biobanks demonstrates that the output can have impact that is comparable to the impact of a set of benchmark articles describing milestones in the field of cancer research and cancer care. Conclusions: These case studies illustrate the value of the sustained investment of funds, planning, time, and effort on the part of the biobanks before the conduct of the research study to be able to ultimately support high-value research. The "value" model will enable further discussion around impact and may be useful in better delineating qualitative metrics of biobank value in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsin Tarling
- Office of Biobank Education and Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lise Anne Marie Matzke
- Office of Biobank Education and Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amanda Rush
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty Medicine and Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,New South Wales Statewide Biobank, New South Wales Health Pathology, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brent Gali
- Biobanking and Biospecimen Research Services, Deeley Research Center, BC Cancer Victoria Center, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Byrne
- New South Wales Statewide Biobank, New South Wales Health Pathology, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter H Watson
- Office of Biobank Education and Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Biobanking and Biospecimen Research Services, Deeley Research Center, BC Cancer Victoria Center, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.,Canadian Tissue Repository Network, BC Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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26
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Mahoney KE, Shabanowitz J, Hunt DF. MHC Phosphopeptides: Promising Targets for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Other Chronic Diseases. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100112. [PMID: 34129940 PMCID: PMC8724925 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex-associated peptides have been considered as potential immunotherapeutic targets for many years. MHC class I phosphopeptides result from dysregulated cell signaling pathways that are common across cancers and both viral and bacterial infections. These antigens are recognized by central memory T cells from healthy donors, indicating that they are considered antigenic by the immune system and that they are presented across different individuals and diseases. Based on these responses and the similar dysregulation, phosphorylated antigens are promising candidates for prevention or treatment of different cancers as well as a number of other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keira E Mahoney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jeffrey Shabanowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
| | - Donald F Hunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
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27
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Kairaluoma V, Kemi N, Huhta H, Pohjanen VM, Helminen O. Toll-like receptor 5 and 8 in hepatocellular carcinoma. APMIS 2021; 129:470-479. [PMID: 33950532 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are components of innate immunity, but also have a role in carcinogenesis. The prognostic value of TLR5 and TLR8 tumor expression was examined in contrast with known risk markers Ki67 and p53. All HCC patients from Oulu University Hospital with available representative tumor sample were included in this study (n = 182). TLR5, TLR8, Ki67, and p53 expression were investigated by immunohistochemistry. The relation between patient survival and TLR, Ki67, and p53 expression was calculated with Cox regression adjusted for confounding factors. TLR5 cytoplasm intensity was associated with 5-year overall (strong 0.0% vs weak 23.4%, p < 0.001) and disease-specific (strong 0.0% vs weak 34.9%, p < 0.001) survival. TLR5 nuclei percentage was associated with poor 5-year disease-specific survival (high 16.3% vs low 31.5%, p = 0.022). In adjusted analysis, strong TLR5 cytoplasm intensity was an independent risk factor for poor 5-year overall (adjusted HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.26-2.81) and disease-specific (adjusted HR 2.00, 95% CI 1.27-3.15) survival. High Ki67 and p53 expression associated with 5-year overall- and disease-specific survival. TLR8 was not associated with patient survival. This study suggests that TLR5 expression is independently prognostic in HCC with similar point estimate as previously known p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valtteri Kairaluoma
- Surgery Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niko Kemi
- Surgery Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Huhta
- Surgery Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa-Matti Pohjanen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olli Helminen
- Surgery Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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28
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Prognostic value of intratumoral Fusobacterium nucleatum and association with immune-related gene expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7870. [PMID: 33846399 PMCID: PMC8041800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86816-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the oral microbiome, particularly Fusobacterium nucleatum, are associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). F. nucleatum has been reported to modulate local immunity in cancers. We aimed to assess the association between intratumoral F. nucleatum and clinico-pathological features, relapse, and overall survival (OS) in two independent cohorts of patients with OSCC, and to explore the interplay with immune-related genes. We retrospectively analyzed tissue samples from a first cohort of 122 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, including 61 OSCC (cohort #1), and a second cohort of 90 additional OSCC (cohort #2). We then performed a sensitivity analysis on the merged cohort of OSCC patients (N = 151). F. nucleatum 16S rRNA gene sequences were quantified using real-time quantitative PCR. The presence of gram-negative bacteria and macrophages was confirmed by LPS and CD163 immunostainings, respectively. F. nucleatum positivity was associated with older age, less alcohol and combined alcohol plus tobacco consumption, and less frequent lymph node invasion. There was a trend for a lower recurrence rate in F. nucleatum-positive cases, with less metastatic relapses compared to F. nucleatum-negative tumors, and significantly longer OS, relapse-free and metastasis-free survival. F. nucleatum status was independently associated with OS in multivariate analysis. Immune-related gene and immunohistochemistry analyses showed that gram-negative bacteria load inversely correlated with M2 macrophages. F. nucleatum-associated OSCC has a specific immune microenvironment, is more frequent in older, non-drinking patients, and associated with a favorable prognosis.
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29
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The dysbiosis signature of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer-cause or consequences? A systematic review. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:194. [PMID: 33823861 PMCID: PMC8025348 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer globally and the fourth attributable cause of mortality and morbidity due to cancer. An emerging factor contributing to CRC is the gut microbiota and the cellular changes associated with it. Further insights on this may help in the prevention, diagnosis and new therapeutic approaches to colorectal cancer. In most cases of CRC, genetic factors appear to contribute less to its aetiology than environmental and epigenetic factors; therefore, it may be important to investigate these environmental factors, their effects, and the mechanisms that may contribute to this cancer. The gut microbiota has recently been highlighted as a potential risk factor that may affect the structural components of the tumor microenvironment, as well as free radical and enzymatic metabolites directly, or indirectly. Many studies have reported changes in the gut microbiota of patients with colorectal cancer. What is controversial is whether the cancer is the cause or consequence of the change in the microbiota. There is strong evidence supporting both possibilities. The presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum in human colorectal specimens has been demonstrated by RNA-sequencing. F. nucleatum has been shown to express high levels of virulence factors such as FadA, Fap2 and MORN2 proteins. Our review of the published data suggest that F. nucleatum may be a prognostic biomarker of CRC risk, and hence raises the potential of antibiotic treatment of F. nucleatum for the prevention of CRC.
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30
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Mori G, Pasca MR. Gut Microbial Signatures in Sporadic and Hereditary Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031312. [PMID: 33525662 PMCID: PMC7865401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death and the third most common cancer in the world. Depending on the origin of the mutation, colorectal carcinomas are classified as sporadic or hereditary. Cancers derived from mutations appearing during life, affecting individual cells and their descendants, are called sporadic and account for almost 95% of the CRCs. Less than 5% of CRC cases result from constitutional mutations conferring a very high risk of developing cancer. Screening for hereditary-related cancers is offered to individuals at risk for hereditary CRC, who have either not undergone genetic evaluation or have uncertain genetic test results. In this review, we briefly summarize the main findings on the correlation between sporadic CRC and the gut microbiota, and we specifically focus on the few evidences about the role that gut microorganisms have on the development of CRC hereditary syndromes. The characterization of a gut microbiota associated with an increased risk of developing CRC could have a profound impact for prevention purposes. We also discuss the potential role of the gut microbiota as therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Mori
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (M.R.P.); Tel.: +61-4-66344648 (G.M.); +39-0382-985576 (M.R.P.)
| | - Maria Rosalia Pasca
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (M.R.P.); Tel.: +61-4-66344648 (G.M.); +39-0382-985576 (M.R.P.)
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31
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Choudhry H. The Microbiome and Its Implications in Cancer Immunotherapy. Molecules 2021; 26:E206. [PMID: 33401586 PMCID: PMC7795182 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is responsible for ~18 million deaths globally each year, representing a major cause of death. Several types of therapy strategies such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and more recently immunotherapy, have been implemented in treating various types of cancer. Microbes have recently been found to be both directly and indirectly involved in cancer progression and regulation, and studies have provided novel and clear insights into the microbiome-mediated emergence of cancers. Scientists around the globe are striving hard to identify and characterize these microbes and the underlying mechanisms by which they promote or suppress various kinds of cancer. Microbes may influence immunotherapy by blocking various cell cycle checkpoints and the production of certain metabolites. Hence, there is an urgent need to better understand the role of these microbes in the promotion and suppression of cancer. The identification of microbes may help in the development of future diagnostic tools to cure cancers possibly associated with the microbiome. This review mainly focuses on various microbes and their association with different types of cancer, responses to immunotherapeutic modulation, physiological responses, and prebiotic and postbiotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Choudhry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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32
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Zhang S, Li C, Zhang Z, Li Y, Li Q, Geng F, Liu J, Pan Y. Analysis of differentially expressed genes in oral epithelial cells infected with Fusobacterium nucleatum for revealing genes associated with oral cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:892-904. [PMID: 33289330 PMCID: PMC7812288 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence links Fusobacterium nucleatum with tumorigenesis. Our previous study demonstrated that F. nucleatum infection can induce epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in oral epithelial cells and elaborated a probable signal pathway involved in the induction of EMT. However, the comprehensive profiling and pathways of other candidate genes involved in F. nucleatum promoting malignant transformation remain largely elusive. Here, we analysed the transcriptome profile of HIOECs exposed to F. nucleatum infection. Totally, 3307 mRNAs (ǀLog2FCǀ >1.5) and 522 lncRNAs (ǀLog2FCǀ >1) were identified to be differentially expressed in F. nucleatum‐infected HIOECs compared with non‐infected HIOECs. GO and KEGG pathway analyses were performed to investigate the potential functions of the dysregulated genes. Tumour‐associated genes were integrated, and top 10 hub genes (FYN, RAF1, ATM, FOS, CREB, NCOA3, VEGFA, JAK2, CREM and ATF3) were identified by protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network, and Oncomine was used to validate hub genes' expression. LncRNA‐hub genes co‐expression network comprising 67 dysregulated lncRNAs were generated. Together, our study revealed the alteration of lncRNA and potential hub genes in oral epithelial cells in response to F. nucleatum infection, which may provide new insights into the shift of normal to malignant transformation initiated by oral bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiying Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuchao Li
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Fengxue Geng
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Junchao Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China.,Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
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33
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St Michael F, Fleming P, Cox AD, Vinogradov E. Structural analysis of the core oligosaccharides from Fusobacterium nucleatum lipopolysaccharides. Carbohydr Res 2020; 499:108198. [PMID: 33280822 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative bacterium, part of the normal human microflora. It is associated with various health complications, including periodontitis and colorectal cancer. Its surface is covered with lipopolysaccharide, which interacts with the immune system and can be involved in various processes in health and disease conditions. Here we present the results of structural analysis of core oligosaccharides from the lipopolysaccharides of several strains of F. nucleatum. Pure compounds were isolated using mild acid hydrolysis or alkaline deacylation of the lipopolysaccharides and analyzed by NMR spectroscopy, mass-spectrometry and chemical methods. All cores analyzed had a common octasaccharide region, including five heptose residues and a non-phosphorylated 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid residue. The common region is substituted with different additional components specific for each strain. By structure type the F. nucleatum core is similar to that produced by Aeromonas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank St Michael
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Perry Fleming
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Andrew D Cox
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Evgeny Vinogradov
- Vaccine and Emerging Infections Research, Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada.
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Guo P, Tian Z, Kong X, Yang L, Shan X, Dong B, Ding X, Jing X, Jiang C, Jiang N, Yu Y. FadA promotes DNA damage and progression of Fusobacterium nucleatum-induced colorectal cancer through up-regulation of chk2. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:202. [PMID: 32993749 PMCID: PMC7523382 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) affects more than 1 million people each year. In addition to non-modifiable and other environmental risk factors, Fusobacterium nucleatum infection has been linked to CRC recently. In this study, we explored mechanisms underlying the role of Fusobacterium nucleatum infection in the progression of CRC in a mouse model. Methods C57BL/6 J-Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) Min/J mice [APC (Min/+)] were treated with Fusobacterium nucleatum (109 cfu/mL, 0.2 mL/time/day, i.g., 12 weeks), saline, or FadA knockout (FadA−/−) Fusobacterium nucleatum. The number, size, and weight of CRC tumors were determined in isolated tumor masses. The human CRC cell lines HCT29 and HT116 were treated with lentiviral vectors overexpressing chk2 or silencing β-catenin. DNA damage was determined by Comet assay and γH2AX immunofluorescence assay and flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of chk2 was determined by RT-qPCR. Protein expression of FadA, E-cadherin, β-catenin, and chk2 were determined by Western blot analysis. Results Fusobacterium nucleatum treatment promoted DNA damage in CRC in APC (Min/+) mice. Fusobacterium nucleatum also increased the number of CRC cells that were in the S phase of the cell cycle. FadA−/− reduced tumor number, size, and burden in vivo. FadA−/− also reduced DNA damage, cell proliferation, expression of E-cadherin and chk2, and cells in the S phase. Chk2 overexpression elevated DNA damage and tumor growth in APC (Min/+) mice. Conclusions In conclusion, this study provided evidence that Fusobacterium nucleatum induced DNA damage and cell growth in CRC through FadA-dependent activation of the E-cadherin/β-catenin pathway, leading to up-regulation of chk2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zibin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjuan Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinzhi Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingzi Dong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueli Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Jing
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16, Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Ferrer MD, López-López A, Nicolescu T, Perez-Vilaplana S, Boix-Amorós A, Dzidic M, Garcia S, Artacho A, Llena C, Mira A. Topic Application of the Probiotic Streptococcus dentisani Improves Clinical and Microbiological Parameters Associated With Oral Health. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:465. [PMID: 32984080 PMCID: PMC7488176 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus dentisani 7746, isolated from dental plaque of caries-free individuals, has been shown to have several beneficial effects in vitro which could contribute to promote oral health, including an antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens by the production of bacteriocins and a pH buffering capacity through ammonia production. Previous work has shown that S. dentisani was able to colonize the oral cavity for 2–4 weeks after application. The aim of the present work was to evaluate its clinical efficacy by a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group study. Fifty nine volunteers were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to a treatment or placebo group. The treatment consisted of a bucco-adhesive gel application (2.5 109 cfu/dose) with a dental splint for 5 min every 48 h, for a period of 1 month (i.e., 14 doses). Dental plaque and saliva samples were collected at baseline, 15 and 30 days after first application, and 15 days after the end of treatment. At baseline, there was a significant correlation between S. dentisani levels and frequency of toothbrushing. Salivary flow, a major factor influencing oral health, was significantly higher in the probiotic group at day 15 compared with the placebo (4.4 and 3.4 ml/5 min, respectively). In the probiotic group, there was a decrease in the amount of dental plaque and in gingival inflammation, but no differences were observed in the placebo group. The probiotic group showed a significant increase in the levels of salivary ammonia and calcium. Finally, Illumina sequencing of plaque samples showed a beneficial shift in bacterial composition at day 30 relative to baseline, with a reduction of several cariogenic organisms and the key players in plaque formation, probably as a result of bacteriocins production. Only 58% of the participants in the probiotic group showed increased plaque levels of S. dentisani at day 30 and 71% by day 45, indicating that the benefits of S. dentisani application could be augmented by improving colonization efficiency. In conclusion, the application of S. dentisani 7746 improved several clinical and microbiological parameters associated with oral health, supporting its use as a probiotic to prevent tooth decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D Ferrer
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Aranzazu López-López
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Teodora Nicolescu
- Clínica Odontológica, Fundació Lluís Alcanyis, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alba Boix-Amorós
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Majda Dzidic
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Garcia
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Artacho
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Llena
- Clínica Odontológica, Fundació Lluís Alcanyis, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alex Mira
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
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Fine DH, Schreiner H, Velusamy SK. Aggregatibacter, A Low Abundance Pathobiont That Influences Biogeography, Microbial Dysbiosis, and Host Defense Capabilities in Periodontitis: The History of A Bug, And Localization of Disease. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9030179. [PMID: 32131551 PMCID: PMC7157720 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9030179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, the focus of this review, was initially proposed as a microbe directly related to a phenotypically distinct form of periodontitis called localized juvenile periodontitis. At the time, it seemed as if specific microbes were implicated as the cause of distinct forms of disease. Over the years, much has changed. The sense that specific microbes relate to distinct forms of disease has been challenged, as has the sense that distinct forms of periodontitis exist. This review consists of two components. The first part is presented as a detective story where we attempt to determine what role, if any, Aggregatibacter plays as a participant in disease. The second part describes landscape ecology in the context of how the host environment shapes the framework of local microbial dysbiosis. We then conjecture as to how the local host response may limit the damage caused by pathobionts. We propose that the host may overcome the constant barrage of a dysbiotic microbiota by confining it to a local tooth site. We conclude speculating that the host response can confine local damage by restricting bacteremic translocation of members of the oral microbiota to distant organs thus constraining morbidity and mortality of the host.
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Matsushita M, Fujita K, Nonomura N. Influence of Diet and Nutrition on Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041447. [PMID: 32093338 PMCID: PMC7073095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) displays widespread regional differences, probably owing to differences in dietary habits. Nutrients, including fat, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins (vitamin A, D, and E), and polyphenols, potentially affect PCa pathogenesis and progression, as previously reported using animal models; however, clinical studies have reported controversial results for almost all nutrients. The effects of these nutrients may be manifested through various mechanisms including inflammation, antioxidant effects, and the action of sex hormones. Dietary patterns including the Western and Prudent patterns also influence the risk of PCa. Recent studies reported that the gut microbiota contribute to tumorigenesis in some organs. Diet composition and lifestyle have a direct and profound effect on the gut bacteria. Human studies reported an increase in the abundance of specific gut bacteria in PCa patients. Although there are few studies concerning their relationship, diet and nutrition could influence PCa, and this could be mediated by gut microbiota. An intervention of dietary patterns could contribute to the prevention of PCa. An intervention targeting dietary patterns may thus help prevent PCa.
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FadA-positive Fusobacterium nucleatum is prevalent in biopsy specimens of Iranian patients with colorectal cancer. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 34:100651. [PMID: 32025313 PMCID: PMC6997561 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum has been increasingly implicated as a causative agent of various diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease. Moreover, the gastrointestinal tracts of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) also have been shown to be colonized by this bacterium. We aimed to determine the prevalence of F. nucleatum among CRC and non-CRC Iranian patients and to investigate potential associations between fadA-positive F. nucleatum and diagnosed CRC cases. Eighty patients admitted to two main hospitals in Tehran, Iran, were enrolled. The patients were aged between 20 and 75 and were diagnosed by a gastroenterologist. A trained surgeon used standard surgical protocols to collect two CRC biopsy samples per patient. One of the samples was used for pathologic examination, and the other was subjected to DNA extraction and PCR. Lesion colonization by F. nucleatum and expression of its major virulence factor, fadA, were investigated. The fadA-positive F. nucleatum strain was absent in all the lesions obtained from non-CRC patients. All patients with lesions that were colonized with fadA-positive F. nucleatum were diagnosed as CRC (p < 0.05); selected patients were sent for further intensive treatment. We found a significant association between the presence of F. nucleatum colonization and lesions from CRC patients (p 0.0001; odds ratio, 6.74; 95% confidence interval, 2.5–18.07). Our study confirmed colonization of the fadA-positive F. nucleatum on lesions from 80 Iranian CRC patients. New therapeutic strategies to achieve eradication of F. nucleatum are necessary for clinical management of patients suspected of having or prone to developing CRC.
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Gethings-Behncke C, Coleman HG, Jordao HWT, Longley DB, Crawford N, Murray LJ, Kunzmann AT. Fusobacterium nucleatum in the Colorectum and Its Association with Cancer Risk and Survival: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:539-548. [PMID: 31915144 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome, in particular Fusobacterium nucleatum, has been reported to play a role in colorectal cancer development and in patient prognosis. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to assess the prevalence of F. nucleatum in colorectal tumors and evaluate the association between F. nucleatum and colorectal cancer development and prognosis. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for studies published until January 2019. Random effects meta-analyses were used to assess the prevalence of F. nucleatum in patients with colorectal cancer or tissues relative to controls and survival in F. nucleatum-positive versus -negative patients. RESULTS Forty-five relevant articles were identified. Meta-analyses indicated higher odds of F. nucleatum being present in colorectal tissue samples from patients with colorectal cancer [n = 6 studies, pooled OR = 10.06; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 4.48-22.58] and individuals with colorectal polyps (n = 5 studies, pooled OR = 1.83; 95% CI, 1.07-3.16) compared with healthy controls. Similar results were apparent in fecal samples, and when comparing tumor with adjacent normal tissue. Meta-analyses indicated poorer survival in patients with colorectal cancer with high versus low F. nucleatum abundance (n = 5 studies, pooled HR = 1.87; 95% CI, 1.12-3.11). CONCLUSIONS A consistent increase in the prevalence and/or abundance of F. nucleatum in colorectal cancer tissue and fecal samples compared with controls was apparent. High abundance of F. nucleatum in colorectal tumors was also associated with poorer overall survival. IMPACT F. nucleatum could be useful as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for colorectal cancer or as a treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen G Coleman
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Haydee W T Jordao
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel B Longley
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Nyree Crawford
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Liam J Murray
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew T Kunzmann
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
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Nambu T, Wang D, Mashimo C, Maruyama H, Kashiwagi K, Yoshikawa K, Yamamoto K, Okinaga T. Nitric Oxide Donor Modulates a Multispecies Oral Bacterial Community-An In Vitro Study. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7090353. [PMID: 31540050 PMCID: PMC6780529 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The deterioration of human oral microbiota is known to not only cause oral diseases but also to affect systemic health. Various environmental factors are thought to influence the disruption and restoration of the oral ecosystem. In this study, we focused on the effect of nitric oxide (NO) produced by denitrification and NO synthase enzymes on dental plaque microbiota. Interdental plaques collected from 10 subjects were exposed to NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and then cultured in a specialized growth medium. Depending on the concentration of exposed SNP, a decrease in α-diversity and a continuous change in β-diversity in the dental plaque community were shown by sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA genes. We also identified eight operational taxonomic units that were significantly altered by NO exposure. Among them, the exposure of NO donors to Fusobacterium nucleatum cells showed a decrease in survival rate consistent with the results of microbiota analysis. Meanwhile, in addition to NO tolerance, an increase in the tetrazolium salt-reducing activity of Campylobacter concisus cells was confirmed by exposure to SNP. This study provides an overview of how oral plaque microbiota shifts with exposure to NO and may contribute to the development of a method for adjusting the balance of the oral microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Nambu
- Department of Bacteriology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
| | - Chiho Mashimo
- Department of Bacteriology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
| | - Hugo Maruyama
- Department of Bacteriology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Kashiwagi
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
| | - Kazushi Yoshikawa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
| | - Kazuyo Yamamoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
| | - Toshinori Okinaga
- Department of Bacteriology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan.
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