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Duijster JW, Franz E, Neefjes J, Mughini-Gras L. Bacterial and Parasitic Pathogens as Risk Factors for Cancers in the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Review of Current Epidemiological Knowledge. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:790256. [PMID: 34956157 PMCID: PMC8692736 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.790256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic potential of viral infections is well established and documented for many years already. However, the contribution of (commensal) bacteria and parasites to the development and progression of cancers has only recently gained momentum, resulting in a rapid growth of publications on the topic. Indeed, various bacteria and parasites have been suggested to play a role in the development of gastrointestinal cancer in particular. Therefore, an overview of the current epidemiological knowledge on the association between infections with bacteria and parasites and cancers of the gastrointestinal tract is needed. In this review, we summarized the methodological characteristics and main results of epidemiological studies investigating the association of 10 different bacteria (Bacteroides fragilis, Campylobacter spp., Clostridium spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, non-typhoidal Salmonella, Salmonella Typhi, and Streptococcus spp.) and three parasites (Cryptosporidium spp., Schistosoma spp., and Strongyloides stercoralis) with gastrointestinal cancer. While the large body of studies based on microbiome sequencing provides valuable insights into the relative abundance of different bacterial taxa in cancer patients as compared to individuals with pre-malignant conditions or healthy controls, more research is needed to fulfill Koch's postulates, possibly making use of follow-up data, to assess the complex role of bacterial and parasitic infections in cancer epidemiology. Studies incorporating follow-up time between detection of the bacterium or parasite and cancer diagnosis remain valuable as these allow for estimation of cause-effect relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke W. Duijster
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eelco Franz
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lapo Mughini-Gras
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Brovkina OI, Pronina IV, Uroshlev LA, Fridman MV, Loginov VI, Kazubskaya TP, Utkin DO, Kushlinskii NE, Braga EA. [Identification of Novel Differentially Expressing Long Non- Coding RNAs with Oncogenic Potential]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2021; 55:598-605. [PMID: 34432777 DOI: 10.31857/s0026898421030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a wealth of data have been accumulating on the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the fine-tuning of mRNA expression. Four new lncRNAs, namely, TMEM92-AS1, FAM222A-AS, TXLNB, and lnc-CCL28, were identified as differentially expressed in ovarian tumors using deep machine learning. The levels of lnc-CCL28 transcripts in both tumors and normal tissue samples were sufficient for further analysis by RT-PCR. In addition, the promising ovarian cancer biomarkers, lncRNAs LINC00152, NEAT 1 and SNHG17 were added to RT-PCR analysis. For the first time, an increase in the level of lnc-CCL28 and SNHG 17 lncRNAs was found in ovarian tumors, and the overexpression of LINC00152 and NEAT1 was confirmed. It seems that lnc-CCL28 is involved in carcinogenesis and, in particular, in ovarian cancer progression. Overexpression of LINC00152 and lnc-CCL28 was significantly associated with the later stages and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- O I Brovkina
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315 Russia.,Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Aid and Medical Technologies of FMBA of Russia, Moscow, 115682 Russia.,
| | - I V Pronina
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315 Russia
| | - L A Uroshlev
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315 Russia.,Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117971 Russia
| | - M V Fridman
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117971 Russia
| | - V I Loginov
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315 Russia
| | - T P Kazubskaya
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health, Russian Federation, Moscow, 115478 Russia
| | - D O Utkin
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health, Russian Federation, Moscow, 115478 Russia
| | - N E Kushlinskii
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health, Russian Federation, Moscow, 115478 Russia
| | - E A Braga
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315 Russia
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Nunes EM, Talpe-Nunes V, Sobrinho JS, Ferreira S, Lino VS, Termini L, Silva GÁF, Boccardo E, Villa LL, Sichero L. E6/E7 Functional Differences among Two Natural Human Papillomavirus 18 Variants in Human Keratinocytes. Viruses 2021; 13:1114. [PMID: 34200583 DOI: 10.3390/v13061114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is suggested that HPV-18 variants from the A lineage have higher oncogenic potential compared to B variants. Some studies show uneven distribution of HPV-18 variants in cervical adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Regarding HPV-18 variants’ functions, the few studies reported focus on E6, and none were performed using natural host cells. Here, we immortalized primary human keratinocytes (PHKs) with E6/E7 of HPV-18 A1 and B1 sublineages and functionally characterized these cells. PHK18A1 reached immortalization significantly faster than PHK18B1 and formed a higher number of colonies in monolayer and 3D cultures. Moreover, PHK18A1 showed greater invasion ability and higher resistance to apoptosis induced by actinomycin-D. Nevertheless, no differences were observed regarding morphology, proliferation after immortalization, migration, or epithelial development in raft cultures. Noteworthy, our study highlights qualitative differences among HPV-18 A1 and B1 immortalized PHKs: in contrast to PHK18A1, which formed more compact colonies and spheroids of firmly grouped cells and tended to invade and migrate as clustered cells, morphologically, PHK18B1 colonies and spheroids were looser, and migration and invasion of single cells were observed. Although these observations may be relevant for the association of these variants with cervical cancer of different histological subtypes, further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms behind these findings.
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Shestakova EA, Boutin M, Bourassa S, Bonneil E, Bijl JJ. [Identification of proteins associated with transcription factors HOXA9 and E2A-PBX1 by tandem affinity purification]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2017; 51:490-501. [PMID: 28707666 DOI: 10.7868/s0026898417030132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric transcription factor E2A-PBX1 induces the development of acute lymphoblastic B-cell leukemia in children. Using a transgenic mouse model, we previously demonstrated that homeobox (HOX) gene HOXA9 genetically interact with E2A-PBX1 gene in the development of B-cell leukemia in mice. HOXA9 itself is a potent oncogene resulting in myeloid leukemia when overexpressed, which is strongly accelerated by its collaborator Meis1. HOX, PBX1 and MEIS1 proteins have been shown to form hetero dimeric or trimeric complexes in different combinations. Cooperative interaction between PBX1 and HOX proteins enhances their DNA binding specificity, essential for HOX dependent developmental programs. PBX1 is retained in E2A-PBX1, and thus the strong transcriptional activator properties of E2A-PBX1 may lead to aberrant activation of normally repressed targets of HOX-PBX complexes. However, although there is evidence that E2A-PBX1 could bind to HOX and MEIS1 proteins it is still unclear whether such complexes are actually required for leukemic transformation or whether E2A-PBX1 and HOXA9 are each part of larger protein complexes acting in independent complementing oncogenic pathways. In this study we aim to search for other HOXA9 and E2A-PBX1 interacting proteins. To identify novel proteins interacting with human E2A-PBX1 or HOXA9 we used tandem affinity purification (TAP) of protein complexes from 697 pre-B leukemic and HeLa cell lines transduced to express E2A-PBX1 or HOXA9, respectively, with covalently attached FLAG/HA peptides. The protein composition of each complex was determined using tandem mass-spectrometry. In the E2A-PBX1 containing complex we identified lymphoid transcription factor IKAROS, chromatin remodeling factors of SWI/SNF family while multiple subunits of translation initiation factor eIF3, E3 ubiquitin ligase UBR5 emerged from the HOXA9 complex as potential critical protein partners. This is the first time the protein partners of either E2A-PBX1 or HOXA9 oncoproteins were identified using an unbiased biochemical approach. The identification of translation initiation factors associated with HOXA9 might indicate a novel function for HOX proteins independent of their transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shestakova
- HMR Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, 115478 Russia
| | - M Boutin
- Proteomic Platform CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - S Bourassa
- Proteomic Platform CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - E Bonneil
- Proteomic Platform, IRIC University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J J Bijl
- HMR Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine University of Montreal, Montreal, QC Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory immune-mediated disease with an aetiopathogenesis associated with cell-mediated immunological dysfunction. It is possible that oral mucosal viral infections, including human papilloma virus-16 (HPV-16) infection, may have a causative role in OLP pathogenesis. AIM To assess the prevalence of HPV-16 in histopathologically diagnosed specimens of OLP and to evaluate whether any clinical features (such as the localisation of specimens) or the age or gender of patients, are correlated with the presence of this virus. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on 30 specimens with a histopathological diagnosis of OLP, using the immunohistochemical marker HPV-16. Thirty normal oral mucosa specimens were also included as controls. Brown nuclear staining was accepted as positive for the HPV-16 antibody. The results were analysed using Fisher's exact test. P values<0.05 were considered to be significant. RESULTS Significant correlation (P=0.0001) was observed between HPV-16 infection and samples with OLP. No statistical conclusions could be drawn regarding age, gender, localisation and HPV-16 positivity. CONCLUSION Our study showed that HPV-16 may play a role in the pathogenesis of OLP. Taking into account the oncogenic potential of HPV-16, patients with OLP should be screened for the presence of this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan A. Pol
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Government Dental College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suvarna K. Ghige
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Government Dental College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suchitra R. Gosavi
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Government Dental College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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Richter J, Ullah K, Xu P, Alscher V, Blatz A, Peifer C, Halekotte J, Leban J, Vitt D, Holzmann K, Bakulev V, Pinna LA, Henne-Bruns D, Hillenbrand A, Kornmann M, Leithäuser F, Bischof J, Knippschild U. Effects of altered expression and activity levels of CK1δ and ɛ on tumor growth and survival of colorectal cancer patients. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:2799-810. [PMID: 25404202 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer related death worldwide due to high apoptotic resistance and metastatic potential. Because mutations as well as deregulation of CK1 isoforms contribute to tumor development and tumor progression, CK1 has become an interesting drug target. In this study we show that CK1 isoforms are differently expressed in colon tumor cell lines and that growth of these cell lines can be inhibited by CK1-specific inhibitors. Furthermore, expression of CK1δ and ɛ is changed in colorectal tumors compared to normal bowel epithelium, and high CK1ɛ expression levels significantly correlate with prolonged patients' survival. In addition to changes in CK1δ and ɛ expression, mutations within exon 3 of CK1δ were detected in colorectal tumors. These mutations influence ATP binding resulting in changes in kinetic parameters of CK1δ. Overexpression of these mutants in HT29 cells alters their ability to grow anchorage independently. Consistent with these results, these CK1δ mutants lead to differences in proliferation rate and tumor size in xenografts due to changes in gene expression, especially in genes involved in regulation of cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. In summary, our results provide evidence that changes in the expression levels of CK1 isoforms in colorectal tumors correlate with patients' survival. Furthermore, CK1 mutants affect growth and proliferation of tumor cells and induce tumor growth in xenografts, leading to the assumption that CK1 isoforms provide interesting targets for the development of novel effective therapeutic concepts to treat colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Richter
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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Bernard E, Pons-Salort M, Favre M, Heard I, Delarocque-Astagneau E, Guillemot D, Thiébaut ACM. Comparing human papillomavirus prevalences in women with normal cytology or invasive cervical cancer to rank genotypes according to their oncogenic potential: a meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13:373. [PMID: 23941096 PMCID: PMC3751808 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucosal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary cause of cervical cancer. Vaccine and non-vaccine genotype prevalences may change after vaccine introduction. Therefore, it appears essential to rank HPV genotypes according to their oncogenic potential for invasive cervical cancer, independently of their respective prevalences. METHODS We performed meta-analyses of published observational studies and estimated pooled odds ratios with random-effects models for 32 HPV genotypes, using HPV-16 as the reference. RESULTS Twenty-seven studies yielded 9,252 HPV-infected women: 2,902 diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer and 6,350 with normal cytology. Expressed as (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]), HPV-18 (0.63 [0.51, 0.78]) ranked closest to HPV-16, while other genotypes showed continuously decreasing relative oncogenic potentials: HPV-45 (0.35 [0.22, 0.55]), HPV-69 (0.28 [0.09, 0.92]), HPV-58 (0.24 [0.15, 0.38]), HPV-31 (0.22 [0.14, 0.35]), HPV-33 (0.22 [0.12, 0.38]), HPV-34 (0.21 [0.06, 0.80]), HPV-67 (0.21 [0.06, 0.67]), HPV-39 (0.17 [0.09, 0.30]), HPV-59 (0.17 [0.09, 0.31]), HPV-73 (0.16 [0.06, 0.41]), and HPV-52 (0.16 [0.11, 0.23]). CONCLUSIONS Our results support the markedly higher oncogenic potentials of HPV-16 and -18, followed by HPV-31, -33, -39, -45, -52, -58 and -59, and highlight the need for further investigation of HPV-34, -67, -69 and -73. Overall, these findings could have important implications for the prevention of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Bernard
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pharmaco-Épidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- INSERM, U657, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- Univ Versailles–St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, EA 4499, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, 2 avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny Le Bretonneux France
| | - Margarita Pons-Salort
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pharmaco-Épidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- INSERM, U657, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, Cellule Pasteur UPMC, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
| | - Michel Favre
- Institut Pasteur, Centre National de Référence des HPV, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- Institut Pasteur, Genetics, Papillomavirus and Human Cancer Unit, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
| | - Isabelle Heard
- Institut Pasteur, Centre National de Référence des HPV, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMRS 943, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié–Salpêtrière, 91-105 boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
- INSERM, U943, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié–Salpêtrière, 91-105 boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pharmaco-Épidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- INSERM, U657, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- Univ Versailles–St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, EA 4499, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, 2 avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny Le Bretonneux France
| | - Didier Guillemot
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pharmaco-Épidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- INSERM, U657, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- Univ Versailles–St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, EA 4499, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, 2 avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny Le Bretonneux France
- AP–HP, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, 104 boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Anne CM Thiébaut
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Pharmaco-Épidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- INSERM, U657, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 France
- Univ Versailles–St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, EA 4499, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, 2 avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny Le Bretonneux France
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Abstract
Retroviral integration provides us with a powerful tool to realize prolonged gene expressions that are often critical to gene therapy. However, the perturbation of gene regulations in host cells by viral genome integration can lead to detrimental effects, yielding cancer. The oncogenic potential of retroviruses is linked to the preference of retroviruses to integrate into genomic regions that are enriched in gene regulatory elements. To better navigate the double-edged sword of retroviral integration we need to understand how retroviruses select their favored genomic loci during infections. In this study I showed that in addition to host proteins that tether retroviral pre-integration complexes to specific genomic regions, the epigenetic architecture of host genome might strongly affect retroviral integration patterns. Specifically, retroviruses showed their characteristic integration preference in differentiated somatic cells. In contrast, retroviral infections of hES cells, which are known to display decondensed chromatin, produced random-like integration patterns lacking of strong preference for regulatory-element-rich genomic regions. Better identification of the cellular and viral factors that determine retroviral integration patterns will facilitate the design of retroviral vectors for safer use in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-il Lim
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering and The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
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