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Ashar H, Singh A, Kishore D, Neel T, More S, Liu C, Dugat D, Ranjan A. Enabling Chemo-Immunotherapy with HIFU in Canine Cancer Patients. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:1859-1872. [PMID: 37162696 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03194-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a promising non-invasive technique for treating solid tumors using thermal and histotripsy-based mechanical ablation. However, its clinical significance in different tumor types is not fully understood. To assess its therapeutic efficacy and immunomodulatory properties, we compared HIFU thermal ablation and histotripsy ablation in dogs with spontaneous tumors. We also evaluated the ability of non-ablative HIFU-based mild hyperthermia (40-45 ºC) to improve Doxorubicin delivery and immunomodulation. Our results showed that HIFU thermal ablation induced tumor remission in the majority of treated patients over 60 days, while histotripsy achieved partial response to stable disease persistence. The adverse effects of thermal ablation were minor to moderate, while histotripsy exposures were relatively well-tolerated. Furthermore, we observed a correlation between HIFU-therapeutic response and serum anti-tumor cytokine profiles and the presence of functionally active cytotoxic immune cells in patients. Similarly, Doxorubicin-treated patients showed improved drug delivery, efficacy, and anti-tumor immune responses with HIFU hyperthermia. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that depending on the tumor type and treatment parameters, HIFU treatments can enable tumor growth control, immune activation, and chemotherapy in veterinary patient. These findings have significant clinical implications and highlight the potential of HIFU as a promising cancer treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshini Ashar
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, 169 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Akansha Singh
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, 169 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | | | - Tina Neel
- Neel Veterinary Hospital, Oklahoma City, OK, 73127, USA
| | - Sunil More
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Chenang Liu
- The School of Industrial Engineering & Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Danielle Dugat
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, 169 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Ashish Ranjan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, 169 McElroy Hall, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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Chatterji P, Xing G, Furst L, Dave K, Zhou Q, LaBarbera DV, Thamm DH, Eaton JK, Wawer MJ, Viswanathan VS. Validation of ferroptosis in canine cancer cells to enable comparative oncology and translational medicine. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.28.591561. [PMID: 38746359 PMCID: PMC11092520 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.28.591561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a cell death mechanism that has attracted significant attention as a potential basis for the development of new cancer therapies. Validation of ferroptosis biology in species commonly used in translation and pre-clinical development is a necessary foundation for enabling the advancement of such ferroptosis modulating drugs. Here, we demonstrate that canine cancer cells exhibit sensitivity to a wide range of ferroptosis-inducing perturbations in a manner indistinguishable from human cancer cells, and recapitulate characteristic patterns of ferroptotic response across tumor types seen in the human setting. The foundation provided herein establishes the dog as a relevant efficacy and toxicology model for ferroptosis and creates new opportunities to leverage the canine comparative oncology paradigm to accelerate the development of ferroptosis-inducing drugs for human cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Chatterji
- Kojin Therapeutics, 451 D Street, Suite 502, Boston, MA 02210
| | - Gang Xing
- Kojin Therapeutics, 451 D Street, Suite 502, Boston, MA 02210
| | - Laura Furst
- Kojin Therapeutics, 451 D Street, Suite 502, Boston, MA 02210
| | - Krishna Dave
- Kojin Therapeutics, 451 D Street, Suite 502, Boston, MA 02210
| | - Qiong Zhou
- The CU Anschutz Center for Drug Discovery, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 E. Montview Blvd, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Daniel V LaBarbera
- The CU Anschutz Center for Drug Discovery, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 E. Montview Blvd, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - John K Eaton
- Kojin Therapeutics, 451 D Street, Suite 502, Boston, MA 02210
| | - Mathias J Wawer
- Kojin Therapeutics, 451 D Street, Suite 502, Boston, MA 02210
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Sonoda-Fukuda E, Takeuchi Y, Ogawa N, Noguchi S, Takarada T, Kasahara N, Kubo S. Targeted Suicide Gene Therapy with Retroviral Replicating Vectors for Experimental Canine Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2657. [PMID: 38473904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer in dogs has increased in recent years and is a leading cause of death. We have developed a retroviral replicating vector (RRV) that specifically targets cancer cells for infection and replication. RRV carrying a suicide gene induced synchronized killing of cancer cells when administered with a prodrug after infection. In this study, we evaluated two distinct RRVs derived from amphotropic murine leukemia virus (AMLV) and gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV) in canine tumor models both in vitro and in vivo. Despite low infection rates in normal canine cells, both RRVs efficiently infected and replicated within all the canine tumor cells tested. The efficient intratumoral spread of the RRVs after their intratumoral injection was also demonstrated in nude mouse models of subcutaneous canine tumor xenografts. When both RRVs encoded a yeast cytosine deaminase suicide gene, which converts the prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) to the active drug 5-fluorouracil, they caused tumor-cell-specific 5-FC-induced killing of the canine tumor cells in vitro. Furthermore, in the AZACF- and AZACH-cell subcutaneous tumor xenograft models, both RRVs exerted significant antitumor effects. These results suggest that RRV-mediated suicide gene therapy is a novel therapeutic approach to canine cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Sonoda-Fukuda
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Therapeutics, Institute of Advanced Medical Science, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Therapeutics, Institute of Advanced Medical Science, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
- Departments of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda 669-1330, Japan
| | - Nao Ogawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Therapeutics, Institute of Advanced Medical Science, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
- Departments of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda 669-1330, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Noguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano 598-8531, Japan
| | - Toru Takarada
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Therapeutics, Institute of Advanced Medical Science, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kasahara
- Departments of Neurological Surgery and Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Shuji Kubo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Therapeutics, Institute of Advanced Medical Science, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan
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Watson J, Wang T, Ho KL, Feng Y, Mahawan T, Dobbin KK, Zhao S. Human basal-like breast cancer is represented by one of the two mammary tumor subtypes in dogs. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:114. [PMID: 37789381 PMCID: PMC10546663 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 20% of breast cancers in humans are basal-like, a subtype that is often triple-negative and difficult to treat. An effective translational model for basal-like breast cancer is currently lacking and urgently needed. To determine whether spontaneous mammary tumors in pet dogs could meet this need, we subtyped canine mammary tumors and evaluated the dog-human molecular homology at the subtype level. METHODS We subtyped 236 canine mammary tumors from 3 studies by applying various subtyping strategies on their RNA-seq data. We then performed PAM50 classification with canine tumors alone, as well as with canine tumors combined with human breast tumors. We identified feature genes for human BLBC and luminal A subtypes via machine learning and used these genes to repeat canine-alone and cross-species tumor classifications. We investigated differential gene expression, signature gene set enrichment, expression association, mutational landscape, and other features for dog-human subtype comparison. RESULTS Our independent genome-wide subtyping consistently identified two molecularly distinct subtypes among the canine tumors. One subtype is mostly basal-like and clusters with human BLBC in cross-species PAM50 and feature gene classifications, while the other subtype does not cluster with any human breast cancer subtype. Furthermore, the canine basal-like subtype recaptures key molecular features (e.g., cell cycle gene upregulation, TP53 mutation) and gene expression patterns that characterize human BLBC. It is enriched in histological subtypes that match human breast cancer, unlike the other canine subtype. However, about 33% of canine basal-like tumors are estrogen receptor negative (ER-) and progesterone receptor positive (PR+), which is rare in human breast cancer. Further analysis reveals that these ER-PR+ canine tumors harbor additional basal-like features, including upregulation of genes of interferon-γ response and of the Wnt-pluripotency pathway. Interestingly, we observed an association of PGR expression with gene silencing in all canine tumors and with the expression of T cell exhaustion markers (e.g., PDCD1) in ER-PR+ canine tumors. CONCLUSIONS We identify a canine mammary tumor subtype that molecularly resembles human BLBC overall and thus could serve as a vital translational model of this devastating breast cancer subtype. Our study also sheds light on the dog-human difference in the mammary tumor histology and the hormonal cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Watson
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Kun-Lin Ho
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Yuan Feng
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Tanakamol Mahawan
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kevin K Dobbin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Shaying Zhao
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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Watson J, Wang T, Ho KL, Feng Y, Dobbin KK, Zhao S. Human basal-like breast cancer is represented by one of the two mammary tumor subtypes in dogs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.02.530622. [PMID: 37034591 PMCID: PMC10081165 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.02.530622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Background About 20% of breast cancers in humans are basal-like, a subtype that is often triple negative and difficult to treat. An effective translational model for basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is currently lacking and urgently needed. To determine if spontaneous mammary tumors in pet dogs could meet this need, we subtyped canine mammary tumors and evaluated the dog-human molecular homology at the subtype level. Methods We subtyped 236 canine mammary tumors from 3 studies by applying various subtyping strategies on their RNA-seq data. We then performed PAM50 classification with canine tumors alone, as well as with canine tumors combined with human breast tumors. We investigated differential gene expression, signature gene set enrichment, expression association, mutational landscape, and other features for dog-human subtype comparison. Results Our independent genome-wide subtyping consistently identified two molecularly distinct subtypes among the canine tumors. One subtype is mostly basal-like and clusters with human BLBC in cross-species PAM50 classification, while the other subtype does not cluster with any human breast cancer subtype. Furthermore, the canine basal-like subtype recaptures key molecular features (e.g., cell cycle gene upregulation, TP53 mutation) and gene expression patterns that characterize human BLBC. It is enriched histological subtypes that match human breast cancer, unlike the other canine subtype. However, about 33% of canine basal-like tumors are estrogen receptor negative (ER-) and progesterone receptor positive (PR+), which is rare in human breast cancer. Further analysis reveals that these ER-PR+ canine tumors harbor additional basal-like features, including upregulation of genes of interferon-γ response and of the Wnt-pluripotency pathway. Interestingly, we observed an association of PGR expression with gene silencing in all canine tumors, and with the expression of T cell exhaustion markers (e.g., PDCD1 ) in ER-PR+ canine tumors. Conclusions We identify a canine mammary tumor subtype that molecularly resembles human BLBC overall, and thus could serve as a vital spontaneous animal model of this devastating breast cancer subtype. Our study also sheds light on the dog-human difference in the mammary tumor histology and the hormonal cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Watson
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kun-Lin Ho
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yuan Feng
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kevin K Dobbin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Shaying Zhao
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Boss MK, Harrison LG, Gold A, Karam SD, Regan DP. Canine oral squamous cell carcinoma as a spontaneous, translational model for radiation and immunology research. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1033704. [PMID: 36698398 PMCID: PMC9868558 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1033704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Improving outcomes for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients has been hindered by a lack of effective predictive animal models. Spontaneously occurring canine OSCC could help fill this gap. The objective of this study was to characterize the immune landscape of canine OSCC to advance understanding of how dogs could serve as a surrogate for human OSCC. Methods/Results Canine OSCC contains a heterogenous tumor immune microenvironment. CD3+ T cells were the predominant tumor infiltrating immune cell population; however, there was a wide range CD3+ T cell density across samples. The most common CD3+ T cell micro-anatomical distribution was defined as "pre-existing immunity", but the remaining 20% of tumors were characterized as "immunologically ignorant" or "excluded infiltrates" patterns. When compared to normal oral mucosa, the tumor gene expression pattern suggests that canine OSCC microenvironment is highly inflamed and characterized by the presence of an anti-tumor immune response dominated by cytotoxic\effector T cells and NK cells (CD8a, GZMA, OX40, and HLA-A); however, overexpression of genes associated with effector T cell exhaustion and microenvironmental immunosuppression was also identified (PD-1, LAG3, CXCL2). Correlations between CD3+ T cell density and immune gene expression revealed key genes associated with cytotoxic anti-tumor T cell responses (GZMA, GZMB, PRF1), co-stimulation of T cells (CD27, CD28, ICOS), and other immune processes, including Type I IFN response (TNF, TNFSF10), and T cell exhaustion (CTLA4, PD-1). CD3+ T cell density in canine OSCC was significantly correlated with a cytolytic activity score (mean PRF1 and GZMA expression), suggestive of active effector CD8 T cell function. CD204+ macrophages were the second most abundant tumor infiltrating immune cell, and when comparing to normal oral mucosa, two differently expressed genes linked to tumor associated macrophages and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) were identified: CXCL2, CD70. Overexpression of CXCL2 was also identified in canine OSCC "T cell-high" tumors compared to "T cell-low" tumors. Discussion This study identified actionable immunotherapy targets which could inform future comparative oncology trials in canine OSCC: CTLA-4, PD-1, CXCL2. These data provide a good first step towards utilizing spontaneous canine OSCC as a comparative model for human OSCC radiation and immuno-oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Keara Boss
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,*Correspondence: Daniel P. Regan, ; Mary-Keara Boss,
| | - Lauren G. Harrison
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Alexandra Gold
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Sana D. Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Daniel P. Regan
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,*Correspondence: Daniel P. Regan, ; Mary-Keara Boss,
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Sapino S, Chindamo G, Chirio D, Morel S, Peira E, Vercelli C, Gallarate M. Nanocarriers in Veterinary Medicine: A Challenge for Improving Osteosarcoma Conventional Treatments. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4501. [PMID: 36558354 PMCID: PMC9785518 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, several nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems, such as polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, liposomes, and others, have been explored to target and treat a wide variety of diseases. Their employment has brought many benefits, not only to human medicine but also to veterinary medicine, albeit at a slower rate. Soon, the use of nanocarriers could revolutionize the animal health sector, and many veterinary therapies will be more effective as a result. The purpose of this review is to offer an overview of the main applications of nanocarriers in the veterinary field, from supplements for animal health and reproduction to nanovaccines and nanotherapies. Among the major pathologies that can affect animals, special attention is given to canine osteosarcoma (OSA): a comparison with human OSA is provided and the main treatment options are reviewed emphasizing the benefits that nanocarriers could bring in the treatment of this widespread disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Sapino
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Chindamo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Chirio
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Morel
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale A. Avogadro, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Peira
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Vercelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Marina Gallarate
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Ho YK, Loke KM, Woo JY, Lee YL, Too HP. Cryopreservation does not change the performance and characteristics of allogenic mesenchymal stem cells highly over-expressing a cytoplasmic therapeutic transgene for cancer treatment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:519. [PMID: 36376945 PMCID: PMC9663191 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) driven gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy is a promising approach to deliver therapeutic agents to target heterogenous solid tumours. To democratize such a therapy, cryopreservation along with cold chain transportation is an essential part of the logistical process and supply chain. Previously, we have successfully engineered MSCs by a non-viral DNA transfection approach for prolonged and exceptionally high expression of the fused transgene cytosine deaminase, uracil phosphoribosyl transferase and green fluorescent protein (CD::UPRT::GFP). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of cryopreservation of MSCs engineered to highly overexpress this cytoplasmic therapeutic transgene. Methods Modified MSCs were preserved in a commercially available, GMP-grade cryopreservative—CryoStor10 (CS10) for up to 11 months. Performance of frozen-modified MSCs was compared to freshly modified equivalents in vitro. Cancer killing potency was evaluated using four different cancer cell lines. Migratory potential was assessed using matrigel invasion assay and flow cytometric analysis for CXCR4 expression. Frozen-modified MSC was used to treat canine patients via intra-tumoral injections, or by intravenous infusion followed by a daily dose of 5-flucytosine (5FC). Results We found that cryopreservation did not affect the transgene expression, cell viability, adhesion, phenotypic profile, and migration of gene modified canine adipose tissue derived MSCs. In the presence of 5FC, the thawed and freshly modified MSCs showed comparable cytotoxicity towards one canine and three human cancer cell lines in vitro. These cryopreserved cells were stored for about a year and then used to treat no-option-left canine patients with two different types of cancers and notably, the patients showed progression-free interval of more than 20 months, evidence of the effectiveness in treating spontaneously occurring cancers. Conclusion This study supports the use of cryopreserved, off-the-shelf transiently transfected MSCs for cancer treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03198-z.
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Allende JB, Finocchiaro LME, Glikin GC. Therapeutic potential of the cytosine deaminase::uracil phosphoribosyl transferase/5-fluorocytosine suicide system for canine melanoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:372-380. [PMID: 34724324 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We tested the efficacy of a yeast cytosine deaminase::uracil phosphoribosyl transferase/5-fluorocytosine (CDU/5-FC) non-viral suicide system on eight established canine melanoma cell lines. Albeit with different degree of sensitivity 5 days after lipofection, this system was significantly efficient killing melanoma cells, being four cell lines highly, two fairly and two not very sensitive to CDU/5-FC (their respective IC50 ranging from 0.20 to 800 μM 5-FC). Considering the relatively low lipofection efficiencies, a very strong bystander effect was verified in the eight cell lines: depending on the cell line, this effect accounted for most of the induced cell death (from 70% to 95%). In our assay conditions, we did not find useful interactions either with the herpes simplex thymidine kinase/ganciclovir suicide system (in sequential or simultaneous modality) or with cisplatin and bleomycin chemotherapeutic drugs. Furthermore, only two cell lines displayed limited useful interactions of the CDU/5-FC either with interferon-β gene transfer or the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib respectively. These results would preclude a wide use of these combinations. However, the fact that all the tested cells were significantly sensitive to the CDU/5-FC system encourages further research as a gene therapy tool for local control of canine melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesica B Allende
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana M E Finocchiaro
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo C Glikin
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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10
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Zaki S, Blaker CL, Little CB. OA foundations - experimental models of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:357-380. [PMID: 34536528 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasingly recognised as a disease of diverse phenotypes with variable clinical presentation, progression, and response to therapeutic intervention. This same diversity is readily apparent in the many animal models of OA. However, model selection, study design, and interpretation of resultant findings, are not routinely done in the context of the target human (or veterinary) patient OA sub-population or phenotype. This review discusses the selection and use of animal models of OA in discovery and therapeutic-development research. Beyond evaluation of the different animal models on offer, this review suggests focussing the approach to OA-animal model selection on study objective(s), alignment of available models with OA-patient sub-types, and the resources available to achieve valid and translatable results. How this approach impacts model selection is discussed and an experimental design checklist for selecting the optimal model(s) is proposed. This approach should act as a guide to new researchers and a reminder to those already in the field, as to issues that need to be considered before embarking on in vivo pre-clinical research. The ultimate purpose of using an OA animal model is to provide the best possible evidence if, how, when and where a molecule, pathway, cell or process is important in clinical disease. By definition this requires both model and study outcomes to align with and be predictive of outcomes in patients. Keeping this at the forefront of research using pre-clinical OA models, will go a long way to improving the quality of evidence and its translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zaki
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Australia; Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Australia.
| | - C L Blaker
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Australia; Murray Maxwell Biomechanics Laboratory, The Kolling Institute, University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, At Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia.
| | - C B Little
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Australia.
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11
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Datta S, Luthra R, Bharadvaja N. Medicinal Plants for Glioblastoma Treatment. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:2367-2384. [PMID: 34939551 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666211221144739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, an aggressive brain cancer, demonstrates the least life expectancy among all brain cancers. Because of the regulation of diverse signaling pathways in cancers, the chemotherapeutic approaches used to suppress their multiplication and spreading are restricted. Sensitivity towards chemotherapeutic agents has developed because of the pathological and drug-evading abilities of these diverse mechanisms. As a result, the identification and exploration of strategies or treatments, which can overcome such refractory obstacles to improve glioblastoma response to treatment as well as recovery, is essential. Medicinal herbs contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds, which could trigger aggressive brain cancers, regulate their anti-cancer mechanisms and immune responses to assist in cancer elimination, and cause cell death. Numerous tumor-causing proteins, which facilitate invasion as well as metastasis of cancer, tolerance of chemotherapies, and angiogenesis, are also inhibited by these phytochemicals. Such herbs remain valuable for glioblastoma prevention and its incidence by effectively being used as anti-glioma therapies. This review thus presents the latest findings on medicinal plants using which the extracts or bioactive components are being used against glioblastoma, their mechanism of functioning, pharmacological description as well as recent clinical studies conducted on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreeja Datta
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi-110042. India
| | - Ritika Luthra
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi-110042. India
| | - Navneeta Bharadvaja
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi-110042. India
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12
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Boss MK. Canine comparative oncology for translational radiation research. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:496-505. [PMID: 34586958 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1987572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Laboratory and clinical research are essential for advancing radiation research; however, there is a growing awareness that conventional laboratory animal models and early-phase clinical studies in patients have not improved the low success rates and late-stage failures in new cancer therapy efforts. There are considerable costs and inefficiencies in moving preclinical research into effective cancer therapies for patients. Canine translational models of radiation research can fill an important niche between rodent and human studies, ultimately providing valuable, predictive, translational biological and clinical results for human cancer patients. Companion dogs naturally and spontaneously develop cancers over the course of their lifetime. Many canine tumor types share important similarities to human disease, molecularly and biologically, with a comparable clinical course. Dogs receive state-of-the-art medical care, which can include radiotherapy, experimental therapeutics, and novel technologies, offering an important opportunity for radiobiology and radiation oncology research. Notably, the National Cancer Institute has developed the Comparative Oncology Program to promote this area of increased research interest. CONCLUSION In this review, the benefits and limitations of performing translational radiation research in companion dogs will be presented, and current research utilizing the canine model will be highlighted, including studies across research areas focusing on common canine tumor types treated with radiotherapy, comparative normal tissue effects, radiation and immunology research, and alternative radiation therapy approaches involving canine cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Keara Boss
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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13
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Tierce R, Martin T, Hughes KL, Harrison L, Swancutt KL, Rao S, Leary D, LaRue SM, Boss MK. Response of Canine Soft Tissue Sarcoma to Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy. Radiat Res 2021; 196:587-601. [PMID: 34473832 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00271.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Canine soft tissue sarcoma (STS) has served as a preclinical model for radiation, hyperthermia, experimental therapeutics, and tumor microenvironmental research for decades. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) demonstrates promising results for the control of various tumors in human and veterinary medicine; however, there is limited clinical data for the management of STS with SBRT. In this retrospective study, we aimed to define overall efficacy and toxicity of SBRT for the treatment of macroscopic canine STS to establish this preclinical model for comparative oncology research. Fifty-two canine patients met inclusion criteria. Total radiation dose prescribed ranged from 20-50 Gy delivered in 1-5 fractions. Median progression-free survival time (PFST) was 173 days and overall survival time (OST) 228 days. Best overall response was evaluable in 46 patients, with 30.4% responding to treatment (complete response n = 3; partial response n = 11). For responders, OST significantly increased to 475 days vs. 201 days (P = 0.009). Prognostic factors identified by multivariable Cox regressions included size of tumor and metastasis at presentation. Dogs were 3× more likely to progress (P = 0.009) or 3.5× more likely to experience death (P = 0.003) at all times of follow up if they presented with metastatic disease. Similarly, every 100-cc increase in tumor volume resulted in a 5% increase in the risk of progression (P = 0.002) and death (P = 0.001) at all times of follow up. Overall, 30.8% of patients developed acute toxicities, 7.7% grade 3; 28.8% of patients developed late toxicities, 11.5% grade 3. Increased dose administered to the skin significantly affected toxicity development. SBRT serves as a viable treatment option to provide local tumor control for canine macroscopic STS, particularly those with early-stage disease and smaller tumors. The results of this study will help to define patient inclusion criteria and to set dose limits for preclinical canine STS trials involving SBRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Tierce
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,Division of Comparative Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Tiffany Martin
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Kelly L Hughes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Lauren Harrison
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Katy L Swancutt
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Del Leary
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Susan M LaRue
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Mary-Keara Boss
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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14
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Klingemann H. Immunotherapy for Dogs: Still Running Behind Humans. Front Immunol 2021; 12:665784. [PMID: 34421888 PMCID: PMC8374065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.665784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite all good intentions, dogs are still running behind humans in effective cancer immunotherapies. The more effective treatments in humans, like infusions of CAR-T and NK-cells are not broadly pursued for canines due to significant costs, the rather complicated logistics and the lack of targetable surface antigens. Monoclonal antibodies are challenging to develop considering the limited knowledge about canine target antigens and about their mode of action. Although immunogenic vaccines could be less costly, this approach is hampered by the fact that cancer by itself is immuno-suppressive and any preceding chemotherapy may suppress any clinically meaningful immune response. This review - rather than providing a comprehensive listing of all available immunotherapies for dogs, aims at pointing out the issues that are holding back this field but which hopefully can be addressed so that dogs can "catch up" with what is available to humans.
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15
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Alsaihati BA, Ho KL, Watson J, Feng Y, Wang T, Dobbin KK, Zhao S. Canine tumor mutational burden is correlated with TP53 mutation across tumor types and breeds. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4670. [PMID: 34344882 PMCID: PMC8333103 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous canine cancers are valuable but relatively understudied and underutilized models. To enhance their usage, we reanalyze whole exome and genome sequencing data published for 684 cases of >7 common tumor types and >35 breeds, with rigorous quality control and breed validation. Our results indicate that canine tumor alteration landscape is tumor type-dependent, but likely breed-independent. Each tumor type harbors major pathway alterations also found in its human counterpart (e.g., PI3K in mammary tumor and p53 in osteosarcoma). Mammary tumor and glioma have lower tumor mutational burden (TMB) (median < 0.5 mutations per Mb), whereas oral melanoma, osteosarcoma and hemangiosarcoma have higher TMB (median ≥ 1 mutations per Mb). Across tumor types and breeds, TMB is associated with mutation of TP53 but not PIK3CA, the most mutated genes. Golden Retrievers harbor a TMB-associated and osteosarcoma-enriched mutation signature. Here, we provide a snapshot of canine mutations across major tumor types and breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burair A Alsaihati
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- National Center for Genomics Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kun-Lin Ho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Joshua Watson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kevin K Dobbin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Shaying Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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16
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Mestrinho LA, Santos RR. Translational oncotargets for immunotherapy: From pet dogs to humans. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 172:296-313. [PMID: 33705879 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical studies in rodent models have been a pivotal role in human clinical research, but many of them fail in the translational process. Spontaneous tumors in pet dogs have the potential to bridge the gap between preclinical models and human clinical trials. Their natural occurrence in an immunocompetent system overcome the limitations of preclinical rodent models. Due to its reasonable cellular, molecular, and genetic homology to humans, the pet dog represents a valuable model to accelerate the translation of preclinical studies to clinical trials in humans, actually with benefits for both species. Moreover, their unique genetic features of breeding and breed-related mutations have contributed to assess and optimize therapeutics in individuals with different genetic backgrounds. This review aims to outline four main immunotherapy approaches - cancer vaccines, adaptive T-cell transfer, antibodies, and cytokines -, under research in veterinary medicine and how they can serve the clinical application crosstalk with humans.
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17
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Nemec PS, Holmes JC, Hess PR. Dog leukocyte antigen-88*034:01 presents nonamer peptides from canine distemper virus hemagglutinin, large polymerase, and matrix proteins. HLA 2021; 97:428-434. [PMID: 33527745 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Canine spontaneous cancers may offer greater fidelity than rodent models in advancing clinical immunotherapies. Boxers in particular are distinguished as study subjects by their popularity, and high incidence of human-relevant cancers. Further, the MHC class I allele DLA-88*034:01, with a known motif, dominates the breed, facilitating discovery of shared CTL responses against mutation-origin neoepitopes by standard prediction methods. We experimentally confirmed the allomorph's binding motif by developing an MHC surface stabilization assay. The assay validated four DLA-88*034:01-presented peptides from canine distemper virus, ubiquitously administered in routine vaccines, for positive controls in future CTL studies. In turn, these viral peptides substantiated motif-based prediction for DLA-88*034:01. The study adds new tools for studying neoepitope-specific CTL in Boxers to foster canine comparative oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige S Nemec
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Precision Biosciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer C Holmes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul R Hess
- Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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18
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Kumar SU, Telichko AV, Wang H, Hyun D, Johnson EG, Kent MS, Rebhun RB, Dahl JJ, Culp WTN, Paulmurugan R. Acoustically Driven Microbubbles Enable Targeted Delivery of microRNA-Loaded Nanoparticles to Spontaneous Hepatocellular Neoplasia in Canines. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020; 3:2000120. [PMID: 33415184 PMCID: PMC7784952 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Spatially localized microbubble cavitation by ultrasound offers an effective means of altering permeability of natural barriers (i.e. blood vessel and cell membrane) in favor of nanomaterials accumulation in the target site. In this study, a clinically relevant, minimally invasive ultrasound guided therapeutic approach is investigated for targeted delivery of anticancer microRNA loaded PLGA-b-PEG nanoparticles to spontaneous hepatocellular neoplasia in a canine model. Quantitative assessment of the delivered microRNAs revealed prominent and consistent increase in miRNAs levels (1.5-to 2.3-fold increase (p<0.001)) in ultrasound treated tumor regions compared to untreated control regions. Immunohistology of ultrasound treated tumor tissue presented a clear evidence for higher amount of nanoparticles extravasation from the blood vessels. A distinct pattern of cytokine expression supporting CD8+ T cells mediated "cold-to-hot" tumor transition was evident in all patients. On the outset, proposed platform can enhance delivery of miRNA-loaded nanoparticles to deep seated tumors in large animals to enhance chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukumar Uday Kumar
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Arsenii V Telichko
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Huaijun Wang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Dongwoon Hyun
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Eric G Johnson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Michael S Kent
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Robert B Rebhun
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Jeremy J Dahl
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - William T N Culp
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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19
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Abstract
Comparative oncology clinical trials play an important and growing role in cancer research and drug development efforts. These trials, typically conducted in companion (pet) dogs, allow assessment of novel anticancer agents and combination therapies in a veterinary clinical setting that supports serial biologic sample collections and exploration of dose, schedule and corresponding pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships. Further, an intact immune system and natural co-evolution of tumour and microenvironment support exploration of novel immunotherapeutic strategies. Substantial improvements in our collective understanding of the molecular landscape of canine cancers have occurred in the past 10 years, facilitating translational research and supporting the inclusion of comparative studies in drug development. The value of the approach is demonstrated in various clinical trial settings, including single-agent or combination response rates, inhibition of metastatic progression and randomized comparison of multiple agents in a head-to-head fashion. Such comparative oncology studies have been purposefully included in the developmental plan for several US FDA-approved and up-and-coming anticancer drugs. Challenges for this field include keeping pace with technology and data dissemination/harmonization, improving annotation of the canine genome and immune system, and generation of canine-specific validated reagents to support integration of correlative biology within clinical trial efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K LeBlanc
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Christina N Mazcko
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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20
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Kamoto S, Shinada M, Kato D, Yoshimoto S, Ikeda N, Tsuboi M, Yoshitake R, Eto S, Hashimoto Y, Takahashi Y, Chambers J, Uchida K, Kaneko MK, Fujita N, Nishimura R, Kato Y, Nakagawa T. Phase I/II Clinical Trial of the Anti-Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibody Therapy in Dogs with Malignant Melanoma. Cells 2020; 9:E2529. [PMID: 33238582 PMCID: PMC7700559 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN), a small transmembrane mucin-like glycoprotein, is ectopically expressed on tumor cells. PDPN is known to be linked with several aspects of tumor malignancies in certain types of human and canine tumors. Therefore, it is considered to be a novel therapeutic target. Monoclonal antibodies targeting PDPN expressed in human tumor cells showed obvious anti-tumor effects in preclinical studies using mouse models. Previously, we generated a cancer-specific mouse-dog chimeric anti-PDPN antibody, P38Bf, which specifically recognizes PDPN expressed in canine tumor cells. In this study, we investigated the safety and anti-tumor effects of P38Bf in preclinical and clinical trials. P38Bf showed dose-dependent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against canine malignant melanoma cells. In a preclinical trial with one healthy dog, P38Bf administration did not induce adverse effects over approximately 2 months. In phase I/II clinical trials of three dogs with malignant melanoma, one dog vomited, and all dogs had increased serum levels of C-reactive protein, although all adverse effects were grade 1 or 2. Severe adverse effects leading to withdrawal of the clinical trial were not observed. Furthermore, one dog had stable disease with P38Bf injections. This is the first reported clinical trial of anti-PDPN antibody therapy using spontaneously occurring canine tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kamoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (S.K.); (M.S.); (S.Y.); (N.I.); (R.Y.); (S.E.); (N.F.); (R.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Masahiro Shinada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (S.K.); (M.S.); (S.Y.); (N.I.); (R.Y.); (S.E.); (N.F.); (R.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Daiki Kato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (S.K.); (M.S.); (S.Y.); (N.I.); (R.Y.); (S.E.); (N.F.); (R.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Sho Yoshimoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (S.K.); (M.S.); (S.Y.); (N.I.); (R.Y.); (S.E.); (N.F.); (R.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Namiko Ikeda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (S.K.); (M.S.); (S.Y.); (N.I.); (R.Y.); (S.E.); (N.F.); (R.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Masaya Tsuboi
- Veterinary Medical Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.T.)
| | - Ryohei Yoshitake
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (S.K.); (M.S.); (S.Y.); (N.I.); (R.Y.); (S.E.); (N.F.); (R.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Shotaro Eto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (S.K.); (M.S.); (S.Y.); (N.I.); (R.Y.); (S.E.); (N.F.); (R.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Yuko Hashimoto
- Veterinary Medical Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yosuke Takahashi
- Veterinary Medical Center, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.H.); (Y.T.)
| | - James Chambers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (J.C.); (K.U.)
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (J.C.); (K.U.)
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.K.K.); (Y.K.)
| | - Naoki Fujita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (S.K.); (M.S.); (S.Y.); (N.I.); (R.Y.); (S.E.); (N.F.); (R.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Ryohei Nishimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (S.K.); (M.S.); (S.Y.); (N.I.); (R.Y.); (S.E.); (N.F.); (R.N.); (T.N.)
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.K.K.); (Y.K.)
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (S.K.); (M.S.); (S.Y.); (N.I.); (R.Y.); (S.E.); (N.F.); (R.N.); (T.N.)
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21
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Dodd RD, Scherer A, Huang W, McGivney GR, Gutierrez WR, Laverty EA, Ashcraft KA, Stephens VR, Yousefpour P, Saha S, Knepper-Adrian V, Floyd W, Chen M, Ma Y, Mastria EM, Cardona DM, Eward WC, Chilkoti A, Kirsch DG. Tumor Subtype Determines Therapeutic Response to Chimeric Polypeptide Nanoparticle-based Chemotherapy in Pten-deleted Mouse Models of Sarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:5036-5047. [PMID: 32718998 PMCID: PMC7641033 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nanoparticle-encapsulated drug formulations can improve responses to conventional chemotherapy by increasing drug retention within the tumor and by promoting a more effective antitumor immune response than free drug. New drug delivery modalities are needed in sarcomas because they are often chemoresistant cancers, but the rarity of sarcomas and the complexity of diverse subtypes makes it challenging to investigate novel drug formulations. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN New drug formulations can be tested in animal models of sarcomas where the therapeutic response of different formulations can be compared using mice with identical tumor-initiating mutations. Here, using Cre/loxP and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques, we generated two distinct mouse models of Pten-deleted soft-tissue sarcoma: malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS). We used these models to test the efficacy of chimeric polypeptide doxorubicin (CP-Dox), a nanoscale micelle formulation, in comparison with free doxorubicin. RESULTS The CP-Dox formulation was superior to free doxorubicin in MPNST models. However, in UPS tumors, CP-Dox did not improve survival in comparison with free doxorubicin. While CP-Dox treatment resulted in elevated intratumoral doxorubicin concentrations in MPNSTs, this increase was absent in UPS tumors. In addition, elevation of CD8+ T cells was observed exclusively in CP-Dox-treated MPNSTs, although these cells were not required for full efficacy of the CP nanoparticle-based chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS These results have important implications for treating sarcomas with nanoparticle-encapsulated chemotherapy by highlighting the tumor subtype-dependent nature of therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca D Dodd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
| | - Amanda Scherer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Wesley Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Gavin R McGivney
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Wade R Gutierrez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Emily A Laverty
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kathleen A Ashcraft
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Parisa Yousefpour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Soumen Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Warren Floyd
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Mark Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric M Mastria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Diana M Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - William C Eward
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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The inhibitory effect of canine interferon gamma on the growth of canine tumors. Res Vet Sci 2020; 132:466-473. [PMID: 32799170 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant canine interferon-γ (rc-IFNγ; InterdogⓇ) was exclusively approved as a therapeutic for canine atopic dermatitis. However, it has been used off-label for the treatment of canine cancer. We examined the inhibitory effect of rc-IFNγ on the growth of canine tumor cell lines and analyzed its mechanism of action. Three (CTB-p, CTB-m, and CNM-m) out of seven mammary gland tumor cell lines and two (VIMC and CoMS) out of four mast cell tumor cell lines showed remarkable growth inhibition after treatment with rc-IFNγ. However, one (CLBL-1) out of nine lymphoma cell lines showed a significant amount of cell death. Using CTB-p and CTB-m cell lines, we showed that STAT1 was essential for inducing the growth inhibitory effect of rc-IFNγ. Although rc-IFNγ induced G1 growth arrest in CTB-p cell line, treatment with rc-IFNγ did not alter the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins. In this study, we observed direct cytotoxicity or cytostatic effects of rc-IFNγ in canine tumor cell lines. However, the detailed mechanisms responsible for these effects need to be elucidated in the future.
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PDPN Is Expressed in Various Types of Canine Tumors and Its Silencing Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Canine Malignant Melanoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051136. [PMID: 32380790 PMCID: PMC7290317 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN), a small transmembrane mucin-like glycoprotein, is ectopically expressed. It is also known to be linked with several aspects of tumor malignancy in some types of human tumors, including invasion, metastasis, and cancer stemness. However, there are few reports on the expression of dog PDPN (dPDPN) in canine tumors, and the association between dPDPN and tumor malignancy has not been elucidated. We identified that 11 out of 18 types of canine tumors expressed dPDPN. Furthermore, 80% of canine malignant melanoma (MM), squamous cell carcinoma, and meningioma expressed dPDPN. Moreover, the expression density of dPDPN was positively associated with the expression of the Ki67 proliferation marker. The silencing of dPDPN by siRNAs resulted in the suppression of cell migration, invasion, stem cell-like characteristics, and cell viability in canine MM cell lines. The suppression of cell viability was caused by the induction of apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Overall, this study demonstrates that dPDPN is expressed in various types of canine tumors and that dPDPN silencing suppresses cell viability through apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, thus providing a novel biological role for PDPN in tumor progression.
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