1
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Morel VJ, Rössler J, Bernasconi M. Targeted immunotherapy and nanomedicine for rhabdomyosarcoma: The way of the future. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 38885148 DOI: 10.1002/med.22059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood. Histology separates two main subtypes: embryonal RMS (eRMS; 60%-70%) and alveolar RMS (aRMS; 20%-30%). The aggressive aRMS carry one of two characteristic chromosomal translocations that result in the expression of a PAX3::FOXO1 or PAX7::FOXO1 fusion transcription factor; therefore, aRMS are now classified as fusion-positive (FP) RMS. Embryonal RMS have a better prognosis and are clinically indistinguishable from fusion-negative (FN) RMS. Next to histology and molecular characteristics, RMS risk groupings are now available defining low risk tumors with excellent outcomes and advanced stage disease with poor prognosis, with an overall survival of about only 20% despite intensified multimodal treatment. Therefore, development of novel effective targeted strategies to increase survival and to decrease long-term side effects is urgently needed. Recently, immunotherapies and nanomedicine have been emerging for potent and effective tumor treatments with minimal side effects, raising hopes for effective and safe cures for RMS patients. This review aims to describe the most relevant preclinical and clinical studies in immunotherapy and targeted nanomedicine performed so far in RMS and to provide an insight in future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Judith Morel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Rössler
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michele Bernasconi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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2
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Ballantyne E, Evans C, Shepherd L, Fulbright H, Wakeling S, Phillips B, Morgan JE. A systematic review of combined surgery and brachytherapy approaches for children and young people with relapsed and refractory rhabdomyosarcoma (Local-REFoRMS). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e30952. [PMID: 38566349 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Approximately one third of children with rhabdomyosarcoma relapse or have refractory disease. Treatment approaches include a combination of systemic therapies and local therapies, directed at tumour site(s). This review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the combination of surgery and brachytherapy as local therapy for treating children and young people with relapsed/refractory rhabdomyosarcoma. This review identified studies based on a previous systematic review looking at the treatments for children and young people under 18 years old with relapsed/refractory rhabdomyosarcoma. Studies conducted after 2000 were included. Survival outcomes, relapse rates, adverse events and functional outcomes were extracted. From 16,965 records identified in the baseline systematic review, 205 included the words 'AMORE' or 'brachytherapy', and were screened for eligibility in this substudy. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria for Local-REFoRMS, including over 55 relapsed and refractory rhabdomyosarcoma patients. Most studies were retrospective cohort studies conducted within Europe. Most patients had embryonal disease within the head and neck or bladder/prostate regions, and received local therapy for first relapse. Approximately one quarter of patients relapsed following surgery and brachytherapy, with local relapses occurring more than metastatic relapse. Adverse events and functional outcomes were infrequently reported, but related to the site of surgery and brachytherapy. Study quality was limited by inconsistent reporting and potential selection bias. Outcomes following surgery and brachytherapy for a selected group of relapsed and refractory rhabdomyosarcoma show reasonable benefits, but reporting was often unclear and based on small sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan Ballantyne
- Calderdale and Huddersfield Foundation Trust, Lindley, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Connor Evans
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Lucy Shepherd
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Helen Fulbright
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | | | - Bob Phillips
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Leeds Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Jessica E Morgan
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Leeds Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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3
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Hobsteter AW, Irazoqui AP, Gonzalez A, Picco AS, Rubert AA, Buitrago CG, Lo Fiego MJ, Silbestri GF. Acetylated galactopyranosyl N-heterocyclic monocarbene complexes of Silver(I) as novel anti-proliferative agents in a rhabdomyosarcoma cell line. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 107:117756. [PMID: 38759255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Herein, four silver(I) complexes bearing acetylated d-galactopyranoside-based N-heterocyclic carbene ligands were synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All complexes were obtained with an anomeric β-configuration and as monocarbene species. In this study, we investigated the biological effects of the silver(I) complexes 2a-d on the human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, RD. Our results show concentration-dependent effects on cell density, growth inhibition, and activation of key signaling pathways such as Akt 1/2, ERK 1/2, and p38-MAPK, indicating their potential as anticancer agents. Notably, at 35.5 µM, the complexes induced mitochondrial network disruption, as observed with 2b and 2c, whereas with 2a, this disruption was accompanied by nuclear content release. These results provide insight into the utility of carbohydrate incorporated NHC complexes of silver(I) as new agents in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana W Hobsteter
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS-CONICET), 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ana P Irazoqui
- INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC PBA), Argentina.
| | - Agustina Gonzalez
- INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Agustín S Picco
- INIFTA, Fac. de Cs. Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Aldo A Rubert
- INIFTA, Fac. de Cs. Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudia G Buitrago
- INBIOSUR (UNS-CONICET), Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Marcos J Lo Fiego
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS-CONICET), 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Gustavo F Silbestri
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS-CONICET), 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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4
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Bailly C. Limonoids isolated from Chisocheton ceramicus Miq. and the antiadipogenic mechanism of action of ceramicine B. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400160. [PMID: 38678480 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Different types of limonoids have been isolated from plants of the Chisocheton genus, notably from the species Chisocheton ceramicus Miq. which is largely distributed in the Indonesian archipelago and Malaysia region. A variety of natural products have been found in the bark of the tree and characterized as antimicrobial and/or antiproliferative agents. The isolated limonoids include chisomicines A-E, proceranolide, and a few other compounds. A focus is made on a large series of limonoids designated ceramicines A to Z including derivatives with antiparasitic activities, antioxidant, antimelanogenic, and antiproliferative effects and/or acting as regulators of lipogenesis. The lead compound in the series is ceramicine B functioning as a potent inhibitor of lipid droplet accumulation (LDA). Extracts from Chisocheton ceramicus and ceramicines have shown anti-LDA effects, with little or no cytotoxic effects. Ceramicine B is the most active compound functioning as a regulator of lipid storage in cells and tissues. Ceramicine B is a transcriptional repressor of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and an inhibitor of phosphorylation of the transcription factor FoxO1, acting via an upstream molecular target. Targeting of glycogen synthase kinase-3β is proposed, based on the analogy with structurally related limonoids known to target this enzyme, and supported by a molecular docking analysis. The target and pathway implicated in ceramicine B activity are discussed. The analysis shed light on ceramicine B as a natural product precursor for the design of novel compounds capable of reducing LDA in cells and of potential interest for the treatment of obesity, liver diseases, and other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277-CANTHER-Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, OncoLille Institut, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lille, Lille, France
- OncoWitan, Scientific Consulting Office, Lille, France
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5
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Ramadan F, Saab R, Ghamloush F, Khoueiry R, Herceg Z, Gomez L, Badran B, Clezardin P, Hussein N, Cohen PA, Ghayad SE. Exosome-Mediated Paracrine Signaling Unveils miR-1246 as a Driver of Aggressiveness in Fusion-Negative Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1652. [PMID: 38730605 PMCID: PMC11083369 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a pediatric cancer associated with aggressiveness and a tendency to develop metastases. Fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma (FN-RMS) is the most commonly occurring subtype of RMS, where metastatic disease can hinder treatment success and decrease survival rates. RMS-derived exosomes were previously demonstrated to be enriched with miRNAs, including miR-1246, possibly contributing to disease aggressiveness. We aimed to decipher the functional impact of exosomal miR-1246 on recipient cells and its role in promoting aggressiveness. Treatment of normal fibroblasts with FN-RMS-derived exosomes resulted in a significant uptake of miR-1246 paired with an increase in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In turn, delivery of miR-1246-mimic lipoplexes promoted fibroblast proliferation, migration, and invasion in a similar manner. Conversely, when silencing miR-1246 in FN-RMS cells, the resulting derived exosomes demonstrated reversed effects on recipient cells' phenotype. Delivery of exosomal miR-1246 targets GSK3β and promotes β-catenin nuclear accumulation, suggesting a deregulation of the Wnt pathway, known to be important in tumor progression. Finally, a pilot clinical study highlighted, for the first time, the presence of high exosomal miR-1246 levels in RMS patients' sera. Altogether, our results demonstrate that exosomal miR-1246 has the potential to alter the tumor microenvironment of FN-RMS cells, suggesting its potential role in promoting oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Ramadan
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; (F.R.); (P.C.)
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, 69372 Lyon, France
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1103, Lebanon; (B.B.); (N.H.)
| | - Raya Saab
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107, Lebanon; (R.S.); (F.G.)
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Farah Ghamloush
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107, Lebanon; (R.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Rita Khoueiry
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69366 Cedex 07 Lyon, France; (R.K.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69366 Cedex 07 Lyon, France; (R.K.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ludovic Gomez
- Laboratoire CarMeN—IRIS Team, INSERM, INRA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, INSA-Lyon, Univ-Lyon, 69500 Bron, France;
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1103, Lebanon; (B.B.); (N.H.)
| | - Philippe Clezardin
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; (F.R.); (P.C.)
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Nader Hussein
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1103, Lebanon; (B.B.); (N.H.)
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Pascale A. Cohen
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; (F.R.); (P.C.)
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Sandra E. Ghayad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Beirut 6573, Lebanon
- C2VN, INSERM 1263, INRAE 1260, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aix-Marseille University, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
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6
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Welsh A, Serala K, Prince S, Smith GS. Selective Targeting of Regulated Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells by Trinuclear Ruthenium(II)-Arene Complexes. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6673-6686. [PMID: 38569098 PMCID: PMC11056987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The use of benzimidazole-based trinuclear ruthenium(II)-arene complexes (1-3) to selectively target the rare cancer rhabdomyosarcoma is reported. Preliminary cytotoxic evaluations of the ruthenium complexes in an eight-cancer cell line panel revealed enhanced, selective cytotoxicity toward rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RMS). The trinuclear complex 1 was noted to show superior short- and long-term cytotoxicity in RMS cell lines and enhanced selectivity relative to cisplatin. Remarkably, 1 inhibits the migration of metastatic RMS cells and maintains superior activity in a 3D multicellular spheroid model in comparison to that of the clinically used cisplatin. Mechanistic insights reveal that 1 effectively induces genomic DNA damage, initiates autophagy, and prompts the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in RMS cells. To the best of our knowledge, 1 is the first trinuclear ruthenium(II) arene complex to selectively kill RMS cells in 2D and 3D cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athi Welsh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
| | - Karabo Serala
- Department
of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town 7935, South Africa
| | - Sharon Prince
- Department
of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town 7935, South Africa
| | - Gregory S. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
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7
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Lalvani S, Brown RM. Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Optimizing Management with a Multidisciplinary Approach. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1803-1817. [PMID: 38680880 PMCID: PMC11055545 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s362791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type I (NF1) is a complex genetic condition that affects multiple organ systems and presents a unique set of challenges for clinicians in its management. NF1 is a tumor predisposition syndrome that primarily affect the peripheral and central nervous systems via the impact of haploinsufficiency upon neural crest lineage cells including Schwann cells, melanocytes, fibroblasts, etc. NF1 can further lead to pathology of the skin, bones, visual system, and cardiovascular system, all of which can drastically reduce a patient's quality of life (QOL). This review provides a comprehensive examination of the many specialties required for the care of patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). We delve into the pathogenesis and clinical presentation of NF1, highlighting its diverse manifestations and the challenges they pose in management. The review underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to NF1, emphasizing how such an approach can significantly improve patient outcomes and overall QOL. Central to this approach is the role of the NF expert, who guides a multidisciplinary team (MDT) comprising healthcare professionals from many areas of expertise. The MDT collaboratively addresses the multifaceted needs of NF1 patients, ensuring comprehensive and personalized care. This review highlights the need for further investigation to optimize the workflow for NF1 patients in an MDT setting, and to improve implementation and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaan Lalvani
- Department of Neurology, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca M Brown
- Department of Neurology, The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Knoedler L, Huelsboemer L, Hollmann K, Alfertshofer M, Herfeld K, Hosseini H, Boroumand S, Stoegner VA, Safi AF, Perl M, Knoedler S, Pomahac B, Kauke-Navarro M. From standard therapies to monoclonal antibodies and immune checkpoint inhibitors - an update for reconstructive surgeons on common oncological cases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1276306. [PMID: 38715609 PMCID: PMC11074450 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1276306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignancies represent a persisting worldwide health burden. Tumor treatment is commonly based on surgical and/or non-surgical therapies. In the recent decade, novel non-surgical treatment strategies involving monoclonal antibodies (mAB) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been successfully incorporated into standard treatment algorithms. Such emerging therapy concepts have demonstrated improved complete remission rates and prolonged progression-free survival compared to conventional chemotherapies. However, the in-toto surgical tumor resection followed by reconstructive surgery oftentimes remains the only curative therapy. Breast cancer (BC), skin cancer (SC), head and neck cancer (HNC), and sarcoma amongst other cancer entities commonly require reconstructive surgery to restore form, aesthetics, and functionality. Understanding the basic principles, strengths, and limitations of mAB and ICI as (neo-) adjuvant therapies and treatment alternatives for resectable or unresectable tumors is paramount for optimized surgical therapy planning. Yet, there is a scarcity of studies that condense the current body of literature on mAB and ICI for BC, SC, HNC, and sarcoma. This knowledge gap may result in suboptimal treatment planning, ultimately impairing patient outcomes. Herein, we aim to summarize the current translational endeavors focusing on mAB and ICI. This line of research may serve as an evidence-based fundament to guide targeted therapy and optimize interdisciplinary anti-cancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Knoedler
- Department of Plastic, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Lioba Huelsboemer
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Katharina Hollmann
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Wuerzbuerg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Alfertshofer
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Herfeld
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Oncology and Haematology), University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Helia Hosseini
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Sam Boroumand
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Viola A. Stoegner
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ali-Farid Safi
- Craniologicum, Center for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Bern, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Perl
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Oncology and Haematology), University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Knoedler
- Department of Plastic, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Bohdan Pomahac
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Martin Kauke-Navarro
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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9
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Pusch FF, Dorado García H, Xu R, Gürgen D, Bei Y, Brückner L, Röefzaad C, von Stebut J, Bardinet V, Chamorro Gonzalez R, Eggert A, Schulte JH, Hundsdörfer P, Seifert G, Haase K, Schäfer BW, Wachtel M, Kühl AA, Ortiz MV, Wengner AM, Scheer M, Henssen AG. Elimusertib has Antitumor Activity in Preclinical Patient-Derived Pediatric Solid Tumor Models. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:507-519. [PMID: 38159110 PMCID: PMC10985474 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The small-molecule inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR), elimusertib, is currently being tested clinically in various cancer entities in adults and children. Its preclinical antitumor activity in pediatric malignancies, however, is largely unknown. We here assessed the preclinical activity of elimusertib in 38 cell lines and 32 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models derived from common pediatric solid tumor entities. Detailed in vitro and in vivo molecular characterization of the treated models enabled the evaluation of response biomarkers. Pronounced objective response rates were observed for elimusertib monotherapy in PDX, when treated with a regimen currently used in clinical trials. Strikingly, elimusertib showed stronger antitumor effects than some standard-of-care chemotherapies, particularly in alveolar rhabdomysarcoma PDX. Thus, elimusertib has strong preclinical antitumor activity in pediatric solid tumor models, which may translate to clinically meaningful responses in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian F. Pusch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heathcliff Dorado García
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robin Xu
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Gürgen
- Experimental Pharmacology and Oncology (EPO), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yi Bei
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lotte Brückner
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (BIMSB/BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Röefzaad
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennifer von Stebut
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor Bardinet
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rocío Chamorro Gonzalez
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Eggert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes H. Schulte
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Hundsdörfer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Helios Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Seifert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Haase
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Anja A. Kühl
- iPATH.Berlin—Core Unit Immunopathology for Experimental Models, Charité Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael V. Ortiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York
| | | | - Monika Scheer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anton G. Henssen
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) of the MDC and Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (BIMSB/BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Zhang G, Sun N, Ni X, Su Y, He L, Liu Z, Zhang J, Li Y, Zhang X, Liu Q, Liu Z, Li X, Mei L, Liu Y, Ji T, Wang S. Treatment of nasolabial fold rhabdomyosarcoma in children: A single-institution experience. Head Neck 2024; 46:905-914. [PMID: 38214480 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize the clinical characteristics and prognosis of children with nasolabial fold rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). METHODS Retrospective review of children treated for nasolabial fold RMS from January 2014 to September 2019. RESULTS Of 21 patients with nasolabial fold RMS, 90.48% were alveolar subtype, in which PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion positive accounted for 87.5%. Ten patients (47.62%) had nodals invasion. Almost all patients received comprehensive treatment (chemotherapy [100%], radiation therapy [100%], and surgery [95.24%]). The median follow-up time was 34.3 months. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) was 67.7% ± 14.1% and 42.1% ± 13.5%, respectively. Four patients had regional lymph node relapse (NR), all in the ipsilateral submandibular lymph node region. CONCLUSION Majority of the patients with RMS in the nasolabial fold area were alveolar subtype and had positive PAX3/7-FOXO1 gene fusion. In addition, the nasolabial fold RMS had a high probability of regional lymph node metastasis in the submandibular area. To maintain the facial aesthetics and functions, the surgical area for nasolabial fold RMS is often very conservative and restricted. This could be one of the contributors for the poor prognosis of nasolabial fold RMS beside its worse pathological subtype and gene fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Nian Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- Department of Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lejian He
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhikai Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexi Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoyin Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shengcai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
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11
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Bhushan B, Iranpour R, Eshtiaghi A, da Silva Rosa SC, Lindsey BW, Gordon JW, Ghavami S. Transforming Growth Factor Beta and Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Challenge of Tumor Differentiation and Chemotherapy Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2791. [PMID: 38474036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), an invasive subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), is associated with chromosomal translocation events resulting in one of two oncogenic fusion genes, PAX3-FOXO1 or PAX7-FOXO1. ARMS patients exhibit an overexpression of the pleiotropic cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). This overexpression of TGF-β1 causes an increased expression of a downstream transcription factor called SNAIL, which promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Overexpression of TGF-β also inhibits myogenic differentiation, making ARMS patients highly resistant to chemotherapy. In this review, we first describe different types of RMS and then focus on ARMS and the impact of TGF-β in this tumor type. We next highlight current chemotherapy strategies, including a combination of the FDA-approved drugs vincristine, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide (VAC); cabozantinib; bortezomib; vinorelbine; AZD 1775; and cisplatin. Lastly, we discuss chemotherapy agents that target the differentiation of tumor cells in ARMS, which include all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and 5-Azacytidine. Improving our understanding of the role of signaling pathways, such as TGF-β1, in the development of ARMS tumor cells differentiation will help inform more tailored drug administration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Bhushan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Rosa Iranpour
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Amirmohammad Eshtiaghi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Simone C da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Benjamin W Lindsey
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Joseph W Gordon
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
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12
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Watson AL, Winters R. Nonsyndromic Craniofacial Disorders. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2024; 32:127-139. [PMID: 37981408 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
We describe the investigation and management of select pediatric craniofacial disorders their recent advances. Positional plagiocephaly: The incidence of positional plagiocephaly has increased since the institution of the "safe to sleep" campaign to reduce sudden infant death syndrome. Positional plagiocephaly may be associated with underlying developmental delay. Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis: Treatment of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis depends on the age of the patient and the suture involved. Pediatric skull lesions: Management of skull lesions depends on histologic diagnosis. Some benign skull lesions are managed conservatively, whereas erosive and malignant lesions may require surgical excision, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or multimodality treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia L Watson
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, Lookout Road, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2035, Australia
| | - Ryan Winters
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, John Hunter Hospital, Lookout Road, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2035, Australia; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA; Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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13
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Baek B, Jang E, Park S, Park SH, Williams DR, Jung DW, Lee H. Integrated drug response prediction models pinpoint repurposed drugs with effectiveness against rhabdomyosarcoma. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295629. [PMID: 38277404 PMCID: PMC10817174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies for inhibiting the growth of cancer cells or inducing apoptosis are urgently needed for effective rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) treatment. However, identifying cancer-targeting compounds with few side effects, among the many potential compounds, is expensive and time-consuming. A computational approach to reduce the number of potential candidate drugs can facilitate the discovery of attractive lead compounds. To address this and obtain reliable predictions of novel cell-line-specific drugs, we apply prediction models that have the potential to improve drug discovery approaches for RMS treatment. The results of two prediction models were ensemble and validated via in vitro experiments. The computational models were trained using data extracted from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database and tested on two RMS cell lines to select potential RMS drug candidates. Among 235 candidate drugs, 22 were selected following the result of the computational approach, and three candidate drugs were identified (NSC207895, vorinostat, and belinostat) that showed selective effectiveness in RMS cell lines in vitro via the induction of apoptosis. Our in vitro experiments have demonstrated that our proposed methods can effectively identify and repurpose drugs for treating RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Baek
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Jang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejin Park
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Neuroscience, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Darren Reece Williams
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Woon Jung
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Artificial Intelligence Graduate School, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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14
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Zheng FY, Qiu JY, Liao KH, Lin NC. Oral rhabdomyosarcoma, a rare malignant tumor mimicking an endodontic-periodontal lesion in an adult patient: a case report. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:92. [PMID: 38229070 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to previous research, 2.8% of lesions clinically identified as endodontic pathosis were ultimately diagnosed as non-endodontic periapical lesions via histopathology, and 3.7% of these non-endodontic periapical lesions were malignant neoplasms. Rhabdomyosarcoma, a malignant tumor most commonly observed in children, is uncommon in the oral cavity. CASE PRESENTATION This is a report of a rare case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in a 41-year-old female, in which the lesion was in the maxillary gingiva. The biopsy reports confirmed the diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The wide excision of the tumor, free flap reconstruction, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were performed. Clinical, radiological, and histopathological and management aspects of the neoplasm were also discussed. CONCLUSIONS This case report aimed to create awareness that rhabdomyosarcoma is one of the differential diagnoses of periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yu Zheng
- Department of Endodontics, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Juan-You Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Han Liao
- Department of Endodontics, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Nan-Chin Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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15
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Koscielniak E, Timmermann B, Münter M, Weclawek-Tompol J, Ladenstein R, Niggli F, Ljungman G, Brecht IB, Blank B, Hallmen E, Scheer M, Fuchs J, Seitz G, Blattmann C, Sparber-Sauer M, Klingebiel T. Which Patients With Rhabdomyosarcoma Need Radiotherapy? Analysis of the Radiotherapy Strategies of the CWS-96 and CWS-2002P Studies and SoTiSaR Registry. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:4916-4926. [PMID: 37725766 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.02673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze and compare the indications, doses, and application methods of radiotherapy (RT) and their influence on prognosis of patients with localized rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). METHODS One thousand four hundred seventy patients with localized RMS 21 years and younger entered on CWS-96, CWS-2002P, and SoTiSaR were eligible for the analysis. The median follow-up was 6.5 years (IQR, 3.3-9.5). RESULTS The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and local control survival (LCS) for 910 (62%) irradiated versus nonirradiated patients were 71% versus 69% and 78% versus 73% (P = .03), respectively. Ninety-five percent of patients in IRS I (90% embryonal RMS [eRMS]) were nonirradiated (EFS, 87%). Irradiated patients with IRS II had improved LCS (91% v 80%; P = .01) and EFS (not significant). In IRS III, EFS and LCS were significantly better for RT patients: 71% versus 56% (P = 3.1e-06) and 76% versus 61% (P = 4.1e-07). Patients with tumors in the head and neck region (orbita, parameningeal, and nonparameningeal) and in other sites had significantly better EFS and LCS and in parameningeal also overall survival (OS). The efficacy of low RT doses of 32 Gy (hyperfractionated, accelerated RT [HART]) and 36 and 41.4 Gy (conventional fractionated RT [CFRT]) in the favorable groups and higher doses of 44.8 Gy (HART) and 50.4 and 55.4 Gy (CFRT) in the unfavorable groups was comparable. Proton RT was used predominantly in head/neck-parameningeal (HN-PM) tumors, with similar EFS and LCS to photon RT. CONCLUSION RT can be omitted in patients with IRS I eRMS. RT improves LCS and EFS in IRS II and III. RT improves OS in patients with HN-PM, with proton RT comparable with photon RT. Doses of 32 Gy (HART) or 36 and 41.4 Gy (CFRT) had comparable efficacy in patients with favorable risk profiles and 44.8 Gy (HART) or 50.4 and 55.8 Gy (CFRT) in the unfavorable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Koscielniak
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Beate Timmermann
- West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marc Münter
- Hospital for Radiation Oncology, Klinikum Stuttgart, Katharinenhospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | | | - Felix Niggli
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gustaf Ljungman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Pediatric Oncology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ines B Brecht
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Blank
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Erika Hallmen
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Monika Scheer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joerg Fuchs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Guido Seitz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Blattmann
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Monika Sparber-Sauer
- Pediatrics 5 (Oncology, Hematology, Immunology), Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Klingebiel
- Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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16
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Singotia L, Haritha VS. Primary breast rhabdomyosarcoma in a 17-year-old girl. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:2070-2071. [PMID: 38376322 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1919_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Primary rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) of breast is a very rare malignancy usually affecting adolescent girls with a poor prognosis and no definitive treatment established. Here, we report a case of a 17-year-old girl who presented to us operated for a right breast mass with histopathology suggestive of RMS. She had undergone wide local excision with nipple-areola complex along with axillary node dissection for positive nodes. Immunohistochemistry was done which showed tumor cells which were positive for desmin and myogenin and were negative for leukocyte common antigen, cluster of differentiation 34 (CD-34), and AE1/AE3 which confirmed the diagnosis of RMS. She was planned for adjuvant chemotherapy but refused taking treatment. Two months later, she presented with local site recurrence for which re-excision was done, and she was started on adjuvant chemotherapy with vincristine, Adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide regimen after metastatic workup. She then received radiation treatment following which she is at present under follow-up with no signs of disease until now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmi Singotia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
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17
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Cornelison R, Marrah L, Fierti A, Piczak C, Glowczyk M, Tajammal A, Lynch S, Li H. The Potential for Targeting AVIL and Other Actin-Binding Proteins in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14196. [PMID: 37762498 PMCID: PMC10531751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common pediatric soft-tissue cancer with a survival rate below 27% for high-risk children despite aggressive multi-modal therapeutic interventions. After decades of research, no targeted therapies are currently available. Therapeutically targeting actin-binding proteins, although promising, has historically been challenging. Recent advances have made this possibility more salient, including our lab's identification of advillin (AVIL), a novel oncogenic actin-binding protein that plays a role in many cytoskeletal functions. AVIL is overexpressed in many RMS cell lines, patient-derived xenograft models, and a cohort of 30 clinical samples of both the alveolar (ARMS) and embryonal (ERMS) subtypes. Overexpression of AVIL in mesenchymal stem cells induces neoplastic transformation both in vitro and in vivo, and reversing overexpression through genetic modulation reverses the transformation. This suggests a critical role of AVIL in RMS tumorigenesis and maintenance. As an actin-binding protein, AVIL would not traditionally be considered a druggable target. This perspective will address the feasibility of targeting differentially expressed actin-binding proteins such as AVIL therapeutically, and how critical cell infrastructure can be damaged in a cancer-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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18
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Oliveira RC, Gama J, Casanova J. B-cell lymphoma 2 family members and sarcomas: a promising target in a heterogeneous disease. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:583-599. [PMID: 37720343 PMCID: PMC10501895 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins has been the backbone for hematological malignancies with overall survival improvements. The Bcl-2 family is a major player in apoptosis regulation and, has captured the researcher's interest in the treatment of solid tumors. Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of diseases, comprising several entities, with high morbidity and mortality and with few specific therapies available. The treatment for sarcomas is based on platinum regimens, with variable results and poor outcomes, especially in advanced lesions. The high number of different sarcoma entities makes treatment standardization as well as the performance of clinical trials difficult. The use of Bcl-2 family members modifiers has revealed promising results in in vitro and in vivo models and may be a valid option, especially when used in combination with chemotherapy. In this article, a revision of these results and possibilities for the use of Bcl-2 family members inhibitors in sarcomas was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Caetano Oliveira
- Centro de Anatomia Patológica Germano de Sousa, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre of Investigation on Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Gama
- Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Casanova
- Centre of Investigation on Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- Orthopedic Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
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19
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Tian Z, Yao W. Chemotherapeutic drugs for soft tissue sarcomas: a review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1199292. [PMID: 37637411 PMCID: PMC10450752 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1199292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the low incidence of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), hundreds of thousands of new STS cases are diagnosed annually worldwide, and approximately half of them eventually progress to advanced stages. Currently, chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for advanced STSs. There are difficulties in selecting appropriate drugs for multiline chemotherapy, or for combination treatment of different STS histological subtypes. In this study, we first comprehensively reviewed the efficacy of various chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of STSs, and then described the current status of sensitive drugs for different STS subtypes. anthracyclines are the most important systemic treatment for advanced STSs. Ifosfamide, trabectedin, gemcitabine, taxanes, dacarbazine, and eribulin exhibit certain activities in STSs. Vinca alkaloid agents (vindesine, vinblastine, vinorelbine, vincristine) have important therapeutic effects in specific STS subtypes, such as rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma family tumors, whereas their activity in other subtypes is weak. Other chemotherapeutic drugs (methotrexate, cisplatin, etoposide, pemetrexed) have weak efficacy in STSs and are rarely used. It is necessary to select specific second- or above-line chemotherapeutic drugs depending on the histological subtype. This review aims to provide a reference for the selection of chemotherapeutic drugs for multi-line therapy for patients with advanced STSs who have an increasingly long survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weitao Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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20
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Elgazar A, Awad AK, Rashed AM, Kelany M, Saber HS. Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the liver in an adult: An extremely rare case report and review of literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 109:108585. [PMID: 37541015 PMCID: PMC10412826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Primary hepatic sarcomas are one of the extremely rare malignant tumors representing less than 0.1 % of all primary malignant neoplasms. CASE PRESENTATION AND CLINICAL DISCUSSION A known compensated cirrhotic HCV 60-year-old female lady MELD score 8 with a medical history of controlled diabetes and hypertension presented to our hepatobiliary clinic experiencing a chronic right hypochondrial pain that radiate to her right shoulder of 3 months duration. O/E there was right hypochondrial and epigastric tenderness. Pelvi-abdominal US was done then PET CT which revealed a large exophytic focal lesion measuring about 8 × 7 × 6 cm and achieving 12.4 SUV max on FDG uptake. Pre-operative US guided true-cut biopsy showed small oval rounded cells with focal spindling and the neoplastic cells showed hyperchromatic pleomorphic nuclei with little cytoplasm with a positive reaction of tumor cells stained with Desmin and Myogenin with a diagnosis of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient was scheduled for neoadjuvant chemotherapy and then elective Right hemihepatectomy. Although many challenges were encountered during the resection of the tumor as the tumor was attached to the under surface of the diaphragm, the tumor was resected with a safety margin of 1 cm with frozen histopathological examination being negative for any malignant cells. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful apart from wound infection and was discharged on the postoperative sixth day. CONCLUSION The percutaneous liver biopsy plays an important role in the diagnosis of liver's rhabdomyosarcomas. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy addresses the behavior of the tumor, together with early surgical intervention can lead to favorable outcomes and reduce the recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Elgazar
- Department of General Surgery, Ain-Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed K Awad
- Department of General Surgery, Ain-Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amier M Rashed
- Department of General Surgery, Ain-Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Kelany
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Ain-Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hatem Sayed Saber
- Department of General Surgery, Ain-Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Tomasiak P, Janisiak J, Rogińska D, Perużyńska M, Machaliński B, Tarnowski M. Garcinol and Anacardic Acid, Natural Inhibitors of Histone Acetyltransferases, Inhibit Rhabdomyosarcoma Growth and Proliferation. Molecules 2023; 28:5292. [PMID: 37513165 PMCID: PMC10383693 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant tumour of the soft tissues. There are two main histopathological types: alveolar and embryonal. RMS occurs mainly in childhood and is a result of the deregulation of growth and differentiation of muscle cell precursors. There is an increasing amount of data indicating that numerous epigenetic alterations within chromatin and histone proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of this malignancy. Histone acetylation is one of the most important epigenetic modifications that is catalysed by enzymes from the group of histone acetyltransferases (HAT). In this study, the impact of the natural histone acetyltransferase inhibitors (HATi)-garcinol (GAR) and anacardic acid (AA)-on the biology of RMS cells was evaluated through a series of in vitro tests measuring proliferation, viability, clonogenicity, cell cycle and apoptosis. Moreover, using oligonucleotide microarrays and real-time PCR, we identified several genes whose expression changed after GAR and AA treatment. The examined HATi significantly reduce the invasive phenotype of RMS cells by inhibiting the growth rate, viability and clonogenic abilities. What is more, these substances cause cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, induce apoptosis and affect the genetic expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensors. GAR and AA may serve as promising potential anti-cancer drugs since they sensitize the RMS cells to chemotherapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Tomasiak
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-453 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Janisiak
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dorota Rogińska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Perużyńska
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Tarnowski
- Department of Physiology in Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
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22
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Adamczewska-Wawrzynowicz K, Wiącek A, Kozłowska A, Mikosza K, Szefler L, Dudlik W, Dey S, Varghese N, Derwich K. Modern treatment strategies in pediatric oncology and hematology. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:98. [PMID: 37314524 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Every year, approximately 400 00 children worldwide are diagnosed with cancer. Although treatment results in most types of childhood neoplasms are excellent with survival more than 80%, there are some with poor prognosis. Also recurrent and resistant to treatment childhood cancer remain a therapeutic challenge. Besides chemotherapy, which has been the basis of cancer therapy for years, molecular methods and precisely targeted therapies have recently found their usage. As a result of that, survival has improved and has positively impacted the rate of toxicities associated with chemotherapy (Butler et al. in CA Cancer J Clin 71:315-332, 2021). These achievements have contributed to better quality of patients' lives. Current methods of treatment and ongoing trials give hope for patients with relapses and resistance to conventional chemotherapy. This review focuses on the most recent progress in pediatric oncology treatments and discusses specific therapy methods for particular cancers types of cancer. Targeted therapies and molecular approaches have become more beneficial but research need to be continued in this field. Despite significant breakthroughs in pediatric oncology in the last few years, there is still a need to find new and more specific methods of treatment to increase the survival of children with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Adamczewska-Wawrzynowicz
- Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33 street, 61-572, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Wiącek
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Klaudia Mikosza
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lidia Szefler
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Weronika Dudlik
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Shreya Dey
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Noel Varghese
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Derwich
- Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33 street, 61-572, Poznan, Poland.
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23
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DeMartino J, Meister MT, Visser LL, Brok M, Groot Koerkamp MJA, Wezenaar AKL, Hiemcke-Jiwa LS, de Souza T, Merks JHM, Rios AC, Holstege FCP, Margaritis T, Drost J. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals immune suppression and cell states predictive of patient outcomes in rhabdomyosarcoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3074. [PMID: 37244912 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Paediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a soft tissue malignancy of mesenchymal origin that is thought to arise as a consequence of derailed myogenic differentiation. Despite intensive treatment regimens, the prognosis for high-risk patients remains dismal. The cellular differentiation states underlying RMS and how these relate to patient outcomes remain largely elusive. Here, we use single-cell mRNA sequencing to generate a transcriptomic atlas of RMS. Analysis of the RMS tumour niche reveals evidence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. We also identify a putative interaction between NECTIN3 and TIGIT, specific to the more aggressive fusion-positive (FP) RMS subtype, as a potential cause of tumour-induced T-cell dysfunction. In malignant RMS cells, we define transcriptional programs reflective of normal myogenic differentiation and show that these cellular differentiation states are predictive of patient outcomes in both FP RMS and the less aggressive fusion-negative subtype. Our study reveals the potential of therapies targeting the immune microenvironment of RMS and suggests that assessing tumour differentiation states may enable a more refined risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff DeMartino
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael T Meister
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lindy L Visser
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mariël Brok
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marian J A Groot Koerkamp
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Amber K L Wezenaar
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laura S Hiemcke-Jiwa
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Terezinha de Souza
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Merks
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne C Rios
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank C P Holstege
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Molecular Medicine, UMC Utrecht and Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thanasis Margaritis
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jarno Drost
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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24
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Oda K, Ito Y, Yamada A, Yutani S, Itoh K, Ozono S. Evaluation of the Immunological Response of Childhood Cancer Patients Treated with a Personalized Peptide Vaccine for Refractory Soft Tissue Tumor: A Four-Case Series. Kurume Med J 2023. [PMID: 37183020 DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.ms682012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This case series aimed to evaluate the peptide-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) response, clinical effectiveness, and the safety of a personalized peptide vaccine (PPV) in four children with refractory solid cancer. Although the pre-vaccination IgG responses were suppressed, IgG levels against the vaccinated peptides after 12 vaccinations were increased in all three cases who received at least 12 vaccinations. Vaccination-related adverse effects were grade 1 injection-site local skin lesions. One patient, whose diagnosis was relapsed rhabdomyosarcoma, remains in sustained remission after 37 months. Although the pre-vaccination immune response in this patient was low, IgG levels against 2 of the 4 peptide vaccines were increased after the sixth vaccination, followed by a strong increase at the eighteenth vaccination against all 4 peptides, with a >100-fold increase vs. 2 peptides. The remaining three patients exhibited progressive disease and eventually died of their original cancer. The results of the current case series suggest that in cases of childhood solid tumors, when the tumor is controlled at the time of entry PPV may have some consolidation effect. Therefore, PPV could be a new immunotherapy modality for refractory childhood solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Oda
- Department of Healthcare Management, College of Healthcare Management
- Kurume University Cancer Vaccine Center
| | - Yasuhiko Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City University
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya East Medical Center
| | - Akira Yamada
- Kurume University Cancer Vaccine Center
- Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy, Kurume University
| | | | | | - Shuichi Ozono
- Department of Pediatrics, Kurume University School of Medicine
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25
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Raze T, Lapouble E, Lacour B, Guissou S, Defachelles AS, Gaspar N, Delattre O, Pierron G, Desandes E. PAX-FOXO1 fusion status in children and adolescents with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: Impact on clinical, pathological, and survival features. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30228. [PMID: 36722003 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is an aggressive pediatric cancer and cases with fusion PAX3-FOXO1 and PAX7-FOXO1 seem to have a poor prognosis. The aim is to evaluate whether PAX-FOXO1 alterations influence clinical outcome in childhood and adolescence population with ARMS. PROCEDURE A population-based study was conducted between 2011 and 2016 in patients less than 17 years with a diagnosis of ARMS. Overall survival (OS) depending on fusion status with clinical factors was analyzed. RESULTS Out of 111 ARMS patients recorded in the French National Childhood Cancer Registry during the 2011-2016 period, 61% expressed PAX3-FOXO1, 15% expressed PAX7-FOXO1, 13% were FOXO1 fusion-positive without PAX specification, and 7% were PAX-FOXO1 negative (n = 4 missing data). Compared to patients with PAX7-FOXO1 positive ARMS, those with PAX3-FOXO1 positive tumor were significantly older (10-17 years: 57.4% vs. 29.4%), and had more often a metastatic disease (54.4% vs. 23.5%). Poorer 5-year OS for patients with PAX3-FOXO1 and PAX not specified FOXO1-positive tumor were observed (44.0% [32.0-55.4] and 35.7% [13.1-59.4], respectively). After adjustment for stage at diagnosis, patients with positive tumor for PAX3-FOXO1 were 3.6-fold more likely to die than those with positive tumor for PAX7-FOXO1. CONCLUSION At the population level, PAX3-FOXO1 was associated with a significant higher risk of death compared to PAX7-FOXO1-positive and PAX-FOXO1-negative tumors, and could explain poorer 5-year OS observed in adolescence population diagnosed with ARMS. A continuous risk score derived from the combination of clinical parameters with PAX3-FOXO1 fusion status represents a robust approach to improving current risk-adapted therapy for ARMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Raze
- Registre National des cancers de l'Enfant, Registre National des Tumeurs Solides de l'Enfant, CHRU Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Eve Lapouble
- Département de génétique, Unité de Génétique Somatique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Lacour
- Registre National des cancers de l'Enfant, Registre National des Tumeurs Solides de l'Enfant, CHRU Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Epidémiologie des Cancers des Enfants et des Adolescents (EPICEA), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques (CRESS), INSERM, UMR 1153, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Guissou
- Registre National des cancers de l'Enfant, Registre National des Tumeurs Solides de l'Enfant, CHRU Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Epidémiologie des Cancers des Enfants et des Adolescents (EPICEA), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques (CRESS), INSERM, UMR 1153, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Nathalie Gaspar
- Département d'Oncologie Enfants et Adolescents, Centre du Cancer Gustave Roussy, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Olivier Delattre
- Département de génétique, Unité de Génétique Somatique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Diversity and Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Lab, INSERM U830, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Center, Institut Curie Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Gaelle Pierron
- Département de génétique, Unité de Génétique Somatique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Desandes
- Registre National des cancers de l'Enfant, Registre National des Tumeurs Solides de l'Enfant, CHRU Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Epidémiologie des Cancers des Enfants et des Adolescents (EPICEA), Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Statistiques (CRESS), INSERM, UMR 1153, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
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26
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Karthik N, Lee JJH, Soon JLJ, Chiu HY, Loh AHP, Ong DST, Tam WL, Taneja R. Histone variant H3.3 promotes metastasis in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. J Pathol 2023; 259:342-356. [PMID: 36573560 DOI: 10.1002/path.6048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The relatively quiet mutational landscape of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) suggests that epigenetic deregulation could be central to oncogenesis and tumour aggressiveness. Histone variants have long been recognised as important epigenetic regulators of gene expression. However, the role of histone variants in RMS has not been studied hitherto. In this study, we show that histone variant H3.3 is overexpressed in alveolar RMS (ARMS), an aggressive subtype of RMS. Functionally, knockdown of H3F3A, which encodes for H3.3, significantly impairs the ability of ARMS cells to undertake migration and invasion and reduces Rho activation. In addition, a striking reduction in metastatic tumour burden and improved survival is apparent in vivo. Using RNA-sequencing and ChIP-sequencing analyses, we identified melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM/CD146) as a direct downstream target of H3.3. Loss of H3.3 resulted in a reduction in the presence of active marks and an increase in the occupancy of H1 at the MCAM promoter. Cell migration and invasion were rescued in H3F3A-depleted cells through MCAM overexpression. Moreover, we identified G9a, a lysine methyltransferase encoded by EHMT2, as an upstream regulator of H3F3A. Therefore, this study identifies a novel H3.3 dependent axis involved in ARMS metastasis. These findings establish the potential of MCAM as a therapeutic target for high-risk ARMS patients. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Karthik
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Cancer Centre for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jane Jia Hui Lee
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joshua Ling Jun Soon
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Cancer Centre for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hsin Yao Chiu
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Cancer Centre for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derrick Sek Tong Ong
- Department of Physiology and NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Cancer Centre for Cancer Research Translation Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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27
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Regenold M, Kaneko K, Wang X, Peng HB, Evans JC, Bannigan P, Allen C. Triggered release from thermosensitive liposomes improves tumor targeting of vinorelbine. J Control Release 2023; 354:19-33. [PMID: 36503069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Triggered drug delivery strategies have been shown to enhance drug accumulation at target diseased sites in comparison to administration of free drug. In particular, many studies have demonstrated improved targetability of chemotherapeutics when delivered via thermosensitive liposomes. However, most studies continue to focus on encapsulating doxorubicin while many other drugs would benefit from this targeted and localized delivery approach. The proposed study explores the therapeutic potential of a thermosensitive liposome formulation of the commonly used chemotherapy drug vinorelbine in combination with mild hyperthermia (39-43 °C) in a murine model of rhabdomyosarcoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma, the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, is largely treated using conventional chemotherapy which is associated with significant adverse long-term sequelae. In this study, mild hyperthermia was pursued as a non-invasive, non-toxic means to improve the efficacy and safety profiles of vinorelbine. Thorough assessment of the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, efficacy and toxicity of vinorelbine administered in the thermosensitive liposome formulation was compared to administration in a traditional, non-thermosensitive liposome formulation. This study shows the potential of an advanced formulation technology in combination with mild hyperthermia as a means to target an untargeted therapeutic agent and result in a significant improvement in its therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Regenold
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kan Kaneko
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xuehan Wang
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - H Benson Peng
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James C Evans
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pauric Bannigan
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine Allen
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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28
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Zarzosa P, Garcia-Gilabert L, Hladun R, Guillén G, Gallo-Oller G, Pons G, Sansa-Girona J, Segura MF, Sánchez de Toledo J, Moreno L, Gallego S, Roma J. Targeting the Hedgehog Pathway in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030727. [PMID: 36765685 PMCID: PMC9913695 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway is known to play an oncogenic role in a wide range of cancers; in the particular case of rhabdomyosarcoma, this pathway has been demonstrated to be an important player for both oncogenesis and cancer progression. In this review, after a brief description of the pathway and the characteristics of its molecular components, we describe, in detail, the main activation mechanisms that have been found in cancer, including ligand-dependent, ligand-independent and non-canonical activation. In this context, the most studied inhibitors, i.e., SMO inhibitors, have shown encouraging results for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma, both tumour types often associated with mutations that lead to the activation of the pathway. Conversely, SMO inhibitors have not fulfilled expectations in tumours-among them sarcomas-mostly associated with ligand-dependent Hh pathway activation. Despite the controversy existing regarding the results obtained with SMO inhibitors in these types of tumours, several compounds have been (or are currently being) evaluated in sarcoma patients. Finally, we discuss some of the reasons that could explain why, in some cases, encouraging preclinical data turned into disappointing results in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Zarzosa
- Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lia Garcia-Gilabert
- Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Hladun
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriela Guillén
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriel Gallo-Oller
- Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Pons
- Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Sansa-Girona
- Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel F. Segura
- Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Sánchez de Toledo
- Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucas Moreno
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soledad Gallego
- Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (J.R.)
| | - Josep Roma
- Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (J.R.)
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Non-inferior efficacy of non-surgical treatment to surgical treatment in patients with nonmetastatic head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma: a SEER-based study. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:1779-1792. [PMID: 36640207 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (HNRMS) is a rare but aggressive malignant neoplasm. Given the young patient age and critical anatomy of the head and neck, performing surgery on the primary tumor still remains debatable. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the non-surgery-based treatment versus surgery-based treatment on patients with nonmetastatic HNRMS. METHODS Patients diagnosed with nonmetastatic HNRMS between 2004 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were enrolled in our study. Inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) method was employed to balance confounding factors between surgery and non-surgery groups. Kaplan-Meier methods and COX regression analyses were used to analyze survival outcomes of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Prognostic nomogram was established to predict survival. RESULTS A total of 260 eligible patients were extracted from the SEER database. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that there was no significant difference in OS and CSS between the surgery and non-surgery groups both before and after IPTW (p > 0.05). Cox regression analyses and IPTW-adjusted Cox regression analyses for both OS and CSS showed similar survival between the two groups. Prognostic factors were explored and a nomogram for patients in the surgery group was constructed. Risk stratification based on the nomogram indicated that patients in surgery-high-risk group did not benefit from primary surgery. While those in surgery-low-risk group had an equal survival outcome to those in non-surgery group. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that compared to patients receiving surgery, those not receiving surgery had similar survival outcomes for nonmetastatic HNRMS. Our established nomogram may serve as a practical tool for individual prognostic evaluations.
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Hindi N, Carrillo-García J, Blanco-Alcaina E, Renshaw M, Luna P, Durán J, Jiménez N, Sancho P, Ramos R, Moura DS, Martín-Broto J. Platinum-Based Regimens Are Active in Advanced Pediatric-Type Rhabdomyosarcoma in Adults and Depending on HMGB1 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010856. [PMID: 36614297 PMCID: PMC9821763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) in adults is a rare and aggressive disease, which lacks standard therapies for relapsed or advanced disease. This retrospective study aimed to describe the activity of BOMP-EPI (bleomycin, vincristine, methotrexate and cisplatin alternating with etoposide, cisplatin and ifosfamide), an alternative platinum-based regimen, in adult patients with relapsed/metastatic RMS. In the study, 10 patients with RMS with a median age at diagnosis of 20.8 years and a female/male distribution of 6/4 received a mean of 2.5 cycles of BOMP-EPI. The best RECIST response was a complete response in 1/10 (10%) patients, a partial response in 5/10 (50%), stable disease in 3/10 (30%) and progression in 1/10 (10%). With a median follow-up in the alive patients from the start of therapy of 30.5 months (15.7-258), all patients progressed with a median progression-free survival of 8.47 months (95% CI 8.1-8.8), and 7/10 patients died with a median overall survival of 24.7 months (95% CI 13.7-35.6). BOMP-EPI was an active chemotherapy regimen in adults with pediatric-type metastatic RMS, with outcomes in terms of survival that seem superior to what was expected for this poor-prognosis population. Low HMGB1 expression level was identified as a predictive factor of better response to this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hindi
- Health Research Institute Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital General de Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Carrillo-García
- Health Research Institute Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital General de Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Blanco-Alcaina
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), HUVR-CSIC-University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Renshaw
- Health Research Institute Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital General de Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Luna
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, 07210 Palma, Spain
| | - José Durán
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, 07210 Palma, Spain
| | - Natalia Jiménez
- Medical Oncology Department, San Vicente de Paúl Hospital, Heredia 40101, Costa Rica
| | - Pilar Sancho
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Rafael Ramos
- Pathology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, 07210 Palma, Spain
| | - David S. Moura
- Health Research Institute Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital General de Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martín-Broto
- Health Research Institute Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital General de Villalba, 28400 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-910-908-102 (ext. 52831)
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31
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Li NM, Jiang SH, Zhou P, Li XH. Case Report: An NTRK1 fusion-positive embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: clinical presentations, pathological characteristics and genotypic analyses. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1178945. [PMID: 37188172 PMCID: PMC10175838 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1178945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a prevalent form of soft tissue sarcoma that primarily affects children. Pediatric RMS is characterized by two distinct histological variants: embryonal (ERMS) and alveolar (ARMS). ERMS is a malignant tumor with primitive characteristics resembling the phenotypic and biological features of embryonic skeletal muscles. With the widespread and growing application of advanced molecular biological technologies, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), it has been possible to determine the oncogenic activation alterations of many tumors. Specifically for soft tissue sarcomas, the determination of tyrosine kinase gene and protein related changes can be used as diagnostic aids and may be used as predictive markers for targeted tyrosine kinase inhibition therapy. Our study reports a rare and exceptional case of an 11-year-old patient diagnosed with ERMS, who tested positive for MEF2D-NTRK1 fusion. The case report presents a comprehensive overview of the clinical, radiographic, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and genetic characteristics of a palpebral ERMS. Furthermore, this study sheds light on an uncommon occurrence of NTRK1 fusion-positive ERMS, which may provide theoretical basis for therapy and prognosis.
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Pandya PH, Jannu AJ, Bijangi-Vishehsaraei K, Dobrota E, Bailey BJ, Barghi F, Shannon HE, Riyahi N, Damayanti NP, Young C, Malko R, Justice R, Albright E, Sandusky GE, Wurtz LD, Collier CD, Marshall MS, Gallagher RI, Wulfkuhle JD, Petricoin EF, Coy K, Trowbridge M, Sinn AL, Renbarger JL, Ferguson MJ, Huang K, Zhang J, Saadatzadeh MR, Pollok KE. Integrative Multi-OMICs Identifies Therapeutic Response Biomarkers and Confirms Fidelity of Clinically Annotated, Serially Passaged Patient-Derived Xenografts Established from Primary and Metastatic Pediatric and AYA Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:259. [PMID: 36612255 PMCID: PMC9818438 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishment of clinically annotated, molecularly characterized, patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) from treatment-naïve and pretreated patients provides a platform to test precision genomics-guided therapies. An integrated multi-OMICS pipeline was developed to identify cancer-associated pathways and evaluate stability of molecular signatures in a panel of pediatric and AYA PDXs following serial passaging in mice. Original solid tumor samples and their corresponding PDXs were evaluated by whole-genome sequencing, RNA-seq, immunoblotting, pathway enrichment analyses, and the drug−gene interaction database to identify as well as cross-validate actionable targets in patients with sarcomas or Wilms tumors. While some divergence between original tumor and the respective PDX was evident, majority of alterations were not functionally impactful, and oncogenic pathway activation was maintained following serial passaging. CDK4/6 and BETs were prioritized as biomarkers of therapeutic response in osteosarcoma PDXs with pertinent molecular signatures. Inhibition of CDK4/6 or BETs decreased osteosarcoma PDX growth (two-way ANOVA, p < 0.05) confirming mechanistic involvement in growth. Linking patient treatment history with molecular and efficacy data in PDX will provide a strong rationale for targeted therapy and improve our understanding of which therapy is most beneficial in patients at diagnosis and in those already exposed to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankita H. Pandya
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Asha Jacob Jannu
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Data Science Indiana, University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Khadijeh Bijangi-Vishehsaraei
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Erika Dobrota
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Barbara J. Bailey
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Farinaz Barghi
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Harlan E. Shannon
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Niknam Riyahi
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Nur P. Damayanti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Courtney Young
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Rada Malko
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ryli Justice
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Eric Albright
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - George E. Sandusky
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - L. Daniel Wurtz
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Christopher D. Collier
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mark S. Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Rosa I. Gallagher
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Innovation, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Julia D. Wulfkuhle
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Innovation, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Emanuel F. Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Innovation, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Kathy Coy
- Preclinical Modeling and Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Melissa Trowbridge
- Preclinical Modeling and Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Anthony L. Sinn
- Preclinical Modeling and Therapeutics Core, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jamie L. Renbarger
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Biostatistics & Health Data Science Indiana, University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - M. Reza Saadatzadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Karen E. Pollok
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Song YL, Yang MH, Zhang S, Wang H, Kai KL, Yao CX, Dai FF, Zhou MJ, Li JB, Wei ZR, Yin Z, Zhu WG, Xue L, Zang MX. A GRIP-1-EZH2 switch binding to GATA-4 is linked to the genesis of rhabdomyosarcoma through miR-29a. Oncogene 2022; 41:5223-5237. [PMID: 36309571 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02521-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Terminal differentiation failure is an important cause of rhabdomyosarcoma genesis, however, little is known about the epigenetic regulation of aberrant myogenic differentiation. Here, we show that GATA-4 recruits polycomb group proteins such as EZH2 to negatively regulate miR-29a in undifferentiated C2C12 myoblast cells, whereas recruitment of GRIP-1 to GATA-4 proteins displaces EZH2, resulting in the activation of miR-29a during myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Moreover, in poorly differentiated rhabdomyosarcoma cells, EZH2 still binds to the miR-29a promoter with GATA-4 to mediate transcriptional repression of miR-29a. Interestingly, once re-differentiation of rhabdomyosarcoma cells toward skeletal muscle, EZH2 was dispelled from miR-29a promoter which is similar to that in myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Eventually, this expression of miR-29a results in limited rhabdomyosarcoma cell proliferation and promotes myogenic differentiation. We thus establish that GATA-4 can function as a molecular switch in the up- and downregulation of miR-29a expression. We also demonstrate that GATA-4 acts as a tumor suppressor in rhabdomyosarcoma partly via miR-29a, which thus provides a potential therapeutic target for rhabdomyosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Liu Song
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming-Hui Yang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Si Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Kun-Lun Kai
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chun-Xia Yao
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei-Fei Dai
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng-Jiao Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jin-Biao Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongnan Yin
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Cancer Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Ming-Xi Zang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Nohira N, Shinji S, Nakamura S, Nihashi Y, Shimosato T, Takaya T. Myogenetic Oligodeoxynucleotides as Anti-Nucleolin Aptamers Inhibit the Growth of Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2691. [PMID: 36359210 PMCID: PMC9687923 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is the muscle-derived tumor retaining myogenic ability. iSN04 and AS1411, which are myogenetic oligodeoxynucleotides (myoDNs) serving as anti-nucleolin aptamers, have been reported to inhibit the proliferation and induce the differentiation of myoblasts. The present study investigated the effects of iSN04 and AS1411 in vitro on the growth of multiple patient-derived ERMS cell lines, ERMS1, KYM1, and RD. RT-PCR and immunostaining revealed that nucleolin was abundantly expressed and localized in nucleoplasm and nucleoli in all ERMS cell lines, similar to myoblasts. Both iSN04 and AS1411 at final concentrations of 10-30 μM significantly decreased the number of all ERMS cells; however, their optimal conditions were different among the cell lines. In all ERMS cell lines, iSN04 at a final concentration of 10 μM markedly reduced the ratio of EdU+ cells, indicating the inhibition of cell proliferation. Quantitative RT-PCR or immunostaining of phosphorylated histone H3 and myosin heavy chain demonstrated that iSN04 suppressed the cell cycle and partially promoted myogenesis but did not induce apoptosis in ERMS cells. Finally, both iSN04 and AS1411 at final concentrations of 10-30 μM disrupted the formation and outgrowth of RD tumorspheres in three-dimensional culture mimicking in vivo tumorigenesis. In conclusion, ERMS cells expressed nucleolin, and their growth was inhibited by the anti-nucleolin aptamers, iSN04 and AS1411, which modulates several cell cycle-related and myogenic gene expression. The present study provides evidence that anti-nucleolin aptamers can be used as nucleic acid drugs for chemotherapy against ERMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Nohira
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Sayaka Shinji
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Shunichi Nakamura
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Yuma Nihashi
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5-41, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimosato
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Tomohide Takaya
- Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
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Kahsay A, Rodriguez-Marquez E, López-Pérez A, Hörnblad A, von Hofsten J. Pax3 loss of function delays tumour progression in kRAS-induced zebrafish rhabdomyosarcoma models. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17149. [PMID: 36229514 PMCID: PMC9561152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue cancer that arises in skeletal muscle due to mutations in myogenic progenitors that lead to ineffective differentiation and malignant transformation. The transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7 and their downstream target genes are tightly linked with the fusion positive alveolar subtype, whereas the RAS pathway is usually involved in the embryonal, fusion negative variant. Here, we analyse the role of Pax3 in a fusion negative context, by linking alterations in gene expression in pax3a/pax3b double mutant zebrafish with tumour progression in kRAS-induced rhabdomyosarcoma tumours. Several genes in the RAS/MAPK signalling pathway were significantly down-regulated in pax3a/pax3b double mutant zebrafish. Progression of rhabdomyosarcoma tumours was also delayed in the pax3a/pax3b double mutant zebrafish indicating that Pax3 transcription factors have an unappreciated role in mediating malignancy in fusion negative rhabdomyosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Kahsay
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Integrative Medical Biology (IMB), Umeå University, Johan Bures Väg 12, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - E. Rodriguez-Marquez
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Integrative Medical Biology (IMB), Umeå University, Johan Bures Väg 12, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - A. López-Pérez
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Johan Bures Väg 12, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - A. Hörnblad
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Johan Bures Väg 12, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - J. von Hofsten
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Integrative Medical Biology (IMB), Umeå University, Johan Bures Väg 12, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
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Orbital Exenteration and Brachytherapy for the Treatment of Pediatric, Fusion-positive, Recurrent Rhabdomyosarcoma. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022; 10:e4581. [PMID: 36225848 PMCID: PMC9543036 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A 20-month-old boy presented with biopsy-proven recurrent alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma without metastasis. He was previously treated with multiagent chemotherapy and external beam irradiation showing a complete response. Upon relapse, he was treated with chemotherapy, orbital exenteration, and brachytherapy. Customized, intraoperative brachytherapy has potential to limit the sequelae associated with radiation adjuvant therapy.
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Munjewar PK, Sharma DR, Wanjari MB, Kantode VV. A Rare Occurrence of Relapse Malignant Vascular Mesenchymal Tumors (Rhabdomyosarcoma). Cureus 2022; 14:e27525. [PMID: 36060346 PMCID: PMC9427127 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapsed rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) has several therapeutic challenges. The novel treatment for relapsed RMS was surgical management, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Reoccurrence significantly occurs in children and adolescents. RMS occurs anywhere in the body but mostly occurs in the legs, head, neck, urinary, and reproductive systems. Here, we present the case of a 19-year-old female who came to the emergency department with complaints of swelling in the left side of the neck that extended toward the face and left eye, breathlessness, and vomiting for one month. She has a history of peripheral nerve sheath tumor and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Surgical management was done through excision of the mesenchymal tumor surgery, and the patient's prognosis was good.
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Mondragón-Soto MG, Del Valle L, González-Soto JA, De Leo-Vargas RA. Metastatic primary brain rhabdomyosarcoma in a pediatric patient: illustrative case. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY: CASE LESSONS 2022; 4:CASE22189. [PMID: 36046269 PMCID: PMC9329863 DOI: 10.3171/case22189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Primary intracranial rhabdomyosarcoma is an extraordinarily rare malignant tumor, with even fewer presenting with distant metastasis. To date, only five cases, including the one presented here, have been reported to present metastatic activity.
OBSERVATIONS
A 12-year-old boy presented with a few days of headache, nausea, vomiting, but no neurological deficit. Brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated hydrocephalus and a cystic lesion with left parieto-occipital extension. After resection, pathology reported primary rhabdomyosarcoma, with positive desmin and myogenin on immunohistochemistry. The patient presented with pulmonary metastasis. The patient had an overall survival of 21 months after diagnosis with optimal treatment.
LESSONS
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm arising from undifferentiated skeletal muscle cells, with morphological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, or molecular genetic evidence of primary skeletal muscle differentiation. It presents with a rapidly worsening clinical course and the final outcome is poor. Treatment is widely based on protocols that have been proven to be effective in extracranial versions of these tumors, although repeatedly ineffective. Primary brain rhabdomyosarcoma poses a diagnostic challenge because of its infrequent presentation, grade of undifferentiation and tumor heterogeneity. Immunohistochemical and genetic testing have proven to be useful tools for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Del Valle
- Molecular Histopathology & Microscopy Core, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center Louisiana State University Health, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Park M, Lee JA, Jin HY, Kim JY, Park JW, Kim JH, Kang HG, Park SY, Park EY, Park HJ, Park BK. Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of rhabdomyosarcoma in Korean children, adolescents and young adults: a single-center experience. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04192-x. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04192-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Moshe Halamish H, Zlotver I, Sosnik A. Polymeric nanoparticles surface-complexed with boric acid actively target solid tumors overexpressing sialic acid. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 626:916-929. [PMID: 35835042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acid is a fundamental component of the tumor microenvironment, modulates cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions and is associated with bad prognosis and clinical outcomes in different cancers. Capitalizing on the ability of boric acid to form cyclic esters with diols, in this work, we design self-assembled multi-micellar colloidal systems of an amphiphilic poly(vinyl alcohol)-g-poly(methyl methacrylate) copolymer surface-modified with boric acid for the active targeting of solid tumors that overexpress sialic acid. Nanoparticles display sizes in the 100-200 nm range and a spherical morphology, as determined by dynamic light scattering and high resolution-scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The uptake and anti-proliferative activity are assessed in 2D and 3D models of rhabdomyosarcoma in vitro. Surface boration increases the nanoparticle permeability and uptake, especially in rhabdomyosarcoma spheroids that overexpress sialic acid to a greater extent than 2D cultures. The biodistribution of non-borated and borated nanoparticles upon intravenous injection to a subcutaneous rhabdomyosarcoma murine xenograft model confirm a statistically significant increase in the intertumoral accumulation of the modified nanocarriers with respect to the unmodified counterparts and a sharp decrease in major clearance organs such as the liver. Overall, our results highlight the promise of these borated nanomaterials to actively target hypersialylated solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hen Moshe Halamish
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, De-Jur Building, Office 607, Technion City 3200003 Haifa, Israel
| | - Ivan Zlotver
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, De-Jur Building, Office 607, Technion City 3200003 Haifa, Israel
| | - Alejandro Sosnik
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, De-Jur Building, Office 607, Technion City 3200003 Haifa, Israel.
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Poli E, Barbon V, Lucchetta S, Cattelan M, Santoro L, Zin A, Milano GM, Zanetti I, Bisogno G, Bonvini P. Immunoreactivity against fibroblast growth factor 8 in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma patients and its involvement in tumor aggressiveness. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2096349. [PMID: 35813575 PMCID: PMC9262361 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2096349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive pediatric soft tissue sarcoma characterized by a very poor prognosis when relapses occur after front-line therapy. Therefore, a major challenge for patients’ management remains the identification of markers associated with refractory and progressive disease. In this context, cancer autoantibodies are natural markers of disease onset and progression, useful to unveil novel therapeutic targets. Herein, we matched autoantibody profiling of alveolar RMS (ARMS) patients with genes under regulatory control of PAX3-FOXO1 transcription factor and revealed fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) as a novel ARMS tumor antigen of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential. We demonstrated that high levels of FGF8 autoantibodies distinguished ARMS patients from healthy subjects and represented an independent prognostic factor of better event-free survival. FGF8 was overexpressed in ARMS tumors compared to other types of pediatric soft tissue sarcomas, acting as a positive regulator of cell signaling. Indeed, FGF8 was capable of stimulating ARMS cells migration and expression of pro-angiogenic and metastasis-related factors, throughout MAPK signaling activation. Of note, FGF8 was found to increase in recurrent tumors, independently of PAX3-FOXO1 expression dynamics. Risk of recurrence correlated positively with FGF8 expression levels at diagnosis and reduced FGF8 autoantibodies titer, almost as if to suggest a failure of the immune response to control tumor growth in recurring patients. This study provides evidence about the crucial role of FGF8 in ARMS and the protective function of natural autoantibodies, giving new insights into ARMS biology and laying the foundations for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Poli
- Department of Woman’s and Children’s Health Hematology and Oncology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vanessa Barbon
- Department of Woman’s and Children’s Health Hematology and Oncology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Lucchetta
- Department of Woman’s and Children’s Health Hematology and Oncology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Manuela Cattelan
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luisa Santoro
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Angelica Zin
- Fondazione Città Della Speranza, Institute of Pediatric Research (IRP), Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Milano
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Bambino Gesù Childrens’ Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zanetti
- Department of Woman’s and Children’s Health Hematology and Oncology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianni Bisogno
- Department of Woman’s and Children’s Health Hematology and Oncology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonvini
- Fondazione Città Della Speranza, Institute of Pediatric Research (IRP), Padua, Italy
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Schober SJ, Hallmen E, Reßle F, Gassmann H, Prexler C, Wawer A, von Luettichau I, Ladenstein R, Kazanowska B, Ljungman G, Niggli F, Lohi O, Hauer J, Gruhn B, Klingebiel T, Bader P, Burdach S, Lang P, Sparber-Sauer M, Koscielniak E, Thiel U. No Improvement of Survival for Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma Patients After HLA-Matched Versus -Mismatched Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Compared to Standard-of-Care Therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:878367. [PMID: 35619911 PMCID: PMC9127413 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.878367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with stage IV alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (RMA) have a 5-year-survival rate not exceeding 30%. Here, we assess the role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for these patients in comparison to standard-of-care regimens. We also compare the use of HLA-mismatched vs. HLA-matched grafts after reduced vs. myeloablative conditioning regimens, respectively. Patients and Methods In this retrospective analysis, we compare event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity of HLA-mismatched vs. -matched transplanted patients in uni- and multivariate analyses (total: n = 50, HLA-matched: n = 15, HLA-mismatched: n = 35). Here, the factors age at diagnosis, age at allo-HSCT, sex, Oberlin score, disease status at allo-HSCT, and HLA graft type are assessed. For 29 primarily transplanted patients, three matched non-transplanted patients per one transplanted patient were identified from the CWS registry. Outcomes were respectively compared for OS and EFS. Matching criteria included sex, age at diagnosis, favorable/unfavorable primary tumor site, and metastatic sites. Results Median EFS and OS did not differ significantly between HLA-mismatched and -matched patients. In the mismatched group, incidence of acute GvHD was 0.87 (grade III-IV: 0.14) vs. 0.80 in HLA-matched patients (grade III-IV: 0.20). Transplant-related mortality (TRM) of all patients was 0.20 and did not differ significantly between HLA-mismatched and -matched groups. A proportion of 0.58 relapsed or progressed and died of disease (HLA-mismatched: 0.66, HLA-matched: 0.53) whereas 0.18 were alive in complete remission (CR) at data collection. Multivariate and competing risk analyses confirmed CR and very good partial response (VGPR) status prior to allo-HSCT as the only decisive predictor for OS (p < 0.001). Matched-pair survival analyses of primarily transplanted patients vs. matched non-transplanted patients also identified disease status prior to allo-HSCT (CR, VGPR) as the only significant predictor for EFS. Here, OS was not affected, however. Conclusion In this retrospective analysis, only a subgroup of patients with good response at allo-HSCT survived. There was no survival benefit of allo-transplanted patients compared to matched controls, suggesting the absence of a clinically relevant graft-versus-RMA effect in the current setting. The results of this analysis do not support further implementation of allo-HSCT in RMA stage IV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Johannes Schober
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Erika Hallmen
- Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart gKAöR, Olgahospital, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Florian Reßle
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik Gassmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Prexler
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Angela Wawer
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Irene von Luettichau
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth Ladenstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Cancer Research Institute-S2IRP, St Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernarda Kazanowska
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and BMT, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Gustaf Ljungman
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Felix Niggli
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olli Lohi
- Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Julia Hauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Gruhn
- Department of Pediatrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Klingebiel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Bader
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Burdach
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Lang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Monika Sparber-Sauer
- Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart gKAöR, Olgahospital, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Stuttgart, Germany.,Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ewa Koscielniak
- Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart gKAöR, Olgahospital, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin, Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Stuttgart, Germany.,Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Uwe Thiel
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Cancer Research Center, Kinderklinik München Schwabing, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Srivastava RK, Guroji P, Jin L, Mukhtar MS, Athar M. Combined inhibition of BET bromodomain and mTORC1/2 provides therapeutic advantage for rhabdomyosarcoma by switching cell death mechanism. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:737-751. [PMID: 35472745 PMCID: PMC9262843 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of multiple complex signaling pathways underlies the pathogenesis of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), which remains a cause of mortality in approximately 30% of children with RMS. Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) domain chromatin remodeling regulates several of these pathways. Here, we targeted bromodomain 4 (BRD4) in combination with another molecular metabolic tumor driver, the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, to provide a highly effective treatment for this neoplasm. We demonstrated that a nexus of these two molecular pathways underlies RMS pathogenesis. Our data show that the combined inhibition of the BET bromodomain and mTORC1/2 signaling abrogates aggressive RMS growth. Thus, the bromodomain inhibitor RVX-208 significantly augmented the therapeutic effects of the dual mTORC1/2 inhibitors, OSI-027 and PP242, both in vitro and in a human xenograft murine model. Drug-treated residual tumors showed a decrease in the activation of underlying signaling mechanisms characterized by a reduction in the expression of p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-p70S6K, cyclin D1, and proliferation. Our ChIP-seq data demonstrated that RVX-208 effectively blocked BRD4 occupancy on its target promoters. ChIP-qPCR assays further confirmed that RVX-208 treatment resulted in a significant decrease in H3K27ac and H4K8ac signals at their target loci. While single RVX-208 treatment induces apoptosis and a single mTORC1/2 inhibitor induces macropinocytosis, their combined treatment led to necroptosis-mediated cell death. These data suggest that combined treatment with drugs targeting BRD4 and mTORC1/2 may be an effective therapeutic intervention for drug-resistant RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh K Srivastava
- UAB Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Purushotham Guroji
- UAB Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lin Jin
- UAB Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - M Shahid Mukhtar
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mohammad Athar
- UAB Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Shields CE, Schnepp RW, Haynes KA. Differential Epigenetic Effects of BMI Inhibitor PTC-028 on Fusion-Positive Rhabdomyosarcoma Cell Lines from Distinct Metastatic Sites. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Liu J, Liu P, Gong F, Tian Y, Zhao X. Case Report: A PD-L1-Positive Patient With Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma Achieving an Impressive Response to Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:815598. [PMID: 35371041 PMCID: PMC8968025 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.815598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently a lack of effective systemic treatment for patients with advanced pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (PRMS). Although programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors have shown efficacy in various solid tumors, their effects on PRMS have not been well established. Here, we present a case of a 12-year-old Chinese male adolescent with metastatic PRMS who benefited from the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab. The patient initially underwent primary tumor resection but failed to respond to subsequent first-line chemotherapy and second-line pazopanib treatment. Pathological examination showed positive PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor tissue, and the patient was administered nivolumab as a posterior-line treatment. After attaining a clinically partial response (PR), surgical resection was performed, which was followed by adjuvant nivolumab. At the time of the submission of this manuscript, the patient achieved recurrence-free survival (RFS) lasting 45 months and counting. This is the first clinical evidence that a patient with refractory PRMS was controlled by anti-PD-1 antibody, with an RFS lasting more than 3 years. This case suggests that PD-L1 expression and T-cell infiltration could be used as potential biomarkers for PRMS immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Peijie Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Fuyu Gong
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Youhui Tian
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhao
- The Medical Department, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
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Persano F, Gigli G, Leporatti S. Natural Compounds as Promising Adjuvant Agents in The Treatment of Gliomas. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3360. [PMID: 35328780 PMCID: PMC8955269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, glioblastoma is the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumor. Usually, glioblastoma has specific characteristics, such as aggressive cell proliferation and rapid invasion of surrounding brain tissue, leading to a poor patient prognosis. The current therapy-which provides a multidisciplinary approach with surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide-is not very efficient since it faces clinical challenges such as tumor heterogeneity, invasiveness, and chemoresistance. In this respect, natural substances in the diet, integral components in the lifestyle medicine approach, can be seen as potential chemotherapeutics. There are several epidemiological studies that have shown the chemopreventive role of natural dietary compounds in cancer progression and development. These heterogeneous compounds can produce anti-glioblastoma effects through upregulation of apoptosis and autophagy; allowing the promotion of cell cycle arrest; interfering with tumor metabolism; and permitting proliferation, neuroinflammation, chemoresistance, angiogenesis, and metastasis inhibition. Although these beneficial effects are promising, the efficacy of natural compounds in glioblastoma is limited due to their bioavailability and blood-brain barrier permeability. Thereby, further clinical trials are necessary to confirm the in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties of natural compounds. In this article, we overview the role of several natural substances in the treatment of glioblastoma by considering the challenges to be overcome and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Persano
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento, Via Per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- CNR Nanotec-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento, Via Per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- CNR Nanotec-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefano Leporatti
- CNR Nanotec-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Clinical Perspectives for 18F-FDG PET Imaging in Pediatric Oncology: Μetabolic Tumor Volume and Radiomics. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030217. [PMID: 35323660 PMCID: PMC8956064 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric cancer, although rare, requires the most optimized treatment approach to obtain high survival rates and minimize serious long-term side effects in early adulthood. 18F-FDG PET/CT is most helpful and widely used in staging, recurrence detection, and response assessment in pediatric oncology. The well-known 18F-FDG PET metabolic indices of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and tumor lesion glycolysis (TLG) have already revealed an independent significant prognostic value for survival in oncologic patients, although the corresponding cut-off values remain study-dependent and not validated for use in clinical practice. Advanced tumor “radiomic” analysis sheds new light into these indices. Numerous patterns of texture 18F-FDG uptake features can be extracted from segmented PET tumor images due to new powerful computational systems supporting complex “deep learning” algorithms. This high number of “quantitative” tumor imaging data, although not decrypted in their majority and once standardized for the different imaging systems and segmentation methods, could be used for the development of new “clinical” models for specific cancer types and, more interestingly, for specific age groups. In addition, data from novel techniques of tumor genome analysis could reveal new genes as biomarkers for prognosis and/or targeted therapies in childhood malignancies. Therefore, this ever-growing information of “radiogenomics”, in which the underlying tumor “genetic profile” could be expressed in the tumor-imaging signature of “radiomics”, possibly represents the next model for precision medicine in pediatric cancer management. This paper reviews 18F-FDG PET image segmentation methods as applied to pediatric sarcomas and lymphomas and summarizes reported findings on the values of metabolic and radiomic features in the assessment of these pediatric tumors.
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Hong B, Dong R. Research advances in the targeted therapy and immunotherapy of Wilms tumor: a narrative review. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:1559-1567. [PMID: 35116480 PMCID: PMC8799117 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-3302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wilms tumor is the most common pediatric abdominal solid tumor, and its treatment has been a focus of research. For now, the 5-year survival rate of children with Wilms tumor is about 90%. It is difficult to make further progress simply by the improvement of the existing treatments (multi-modal therapy). Therefore, targeted therapy and immunotherapy which have high accuracy and few side effects began to be considered for the treatment of Wilms tumor. At present, though targeted therapy and immunotherapy are rarely used in the treatment of Wilms tumor except in clinical trials, there are dozens of clinical trials research them around the world. The sites in targeted therapy research are mainly focused on insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) pathway, anti-angiogenesis, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, and some miRNAs, etc. And there are three types of study in Wilms tumor immunotherapy, which are inhibition of the COX-2 pathway, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, and multi-tumor associated antigen (TAA)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) therapy. Among them, the phase I clinical trial of multi-TAA-specific CTL (MTAA-CTL) therapy has been completed, and the results are very satisfactory. In this narrative review, we review the basic research and relevant clinical research on targeted therapy and immunotherapy for Wilms tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defect, and Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
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Pan Y, Li J, Lou S, Chen W, Lin Y, Shen N, Li Y. Down-Regulated miR-130a/b Attenuates Rhabdomyosarcoma Proliferation via PPARG. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:766887. [PMID: 35187064 PMCID: PMC8854650 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.766887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is one of the most common types of soft-tissue sarcomas in children, and it exhibits a low 5-years survival rate. The survival outcome has shown no significant improvements in the past 30 years miRNA profiling of RMS might therefore provide a novel insight into uncovering new molecular targets for therapy. Methods: We analyzed miRNA and RNA sequencing data from patients and the TARGET database to reveal the potential miRNA-mRNA axes and validated them in patients’ samples. After the miRNA antagomirs were used to silence the target miRNAs in the cell model, qRT-PCR, western immunoblotting analysis, and proliferation assays were performed to explore the interaction between miR-130a/b and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and their effects. Results: In RMS patients, the expression of miR-130a/b was augmented, and its related PPARG gene was suppressed. Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-130a/b targeted the PPARG gene and inhibited the proliferation of human RMS cell lines. In addition, rosiglitazone maleate activated the expression of PPARG in human RMS cell lines to suppress proliferation. Conclusion: miR-130a/b regulates the malignant process in RMS by targeting PPARG. Furthermore, the PPARG agonist rosiglitazone maleate attenuated the proliferation of RD cells and might therefore be of benefit to RMS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pan
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyang Li
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Susu Lou
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanbiao Chen
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yihang Lin
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Shen, ; Youjin Li,
| | - Youjin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Shen, ; Youjin Li,
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Chang WI, Lin C, Liguori N, Honeyman JN, DeNardo B, El-Deiry W. Molecular Targets for Novel Therapeutics in Pediatric Fusion-Positive Non-CNS Solid Tumors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:747895. [PMID: 35126101 PMCID: PMC8811504 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.747895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal fusions encoding novel molecular drivers have been identified in several solid tumors, and in recent years the identification of such pathogenetic events in tumor specimens has become clinically actionable. Pediatric sarcomas and other rare tumors that occur in children as well as adults are a group of heterogeneous tumors often with driver gene fusions for which some therapeutics have already been developed and approved, and others where there is opportunity for progress and innovation to impact on patient outcomes. We review the chromosomal rearrangements that represent oncogenic events in pediatric solid tumors outside of the central nervous system (CNS), such as Ewing Sarcoma, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma, and Renal Cell Carcinoma, among others. Various therapeutics such as CDK4/6, FGFR, ALK, VEGF, EGFR, PDGFR, NTRK, PARP, mTOR, BRAF, IGF1R, HDAC inhibitors are being explored among other novel therapeutic strategies such as ONC201/TIC10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-I Chang
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI, United States
- *Correspondence: Wen-I Chang, ; Wafik El-Deiry,
| | - Claire Lin
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Nicholas Liguori
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Joshua N. Honeyman
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI, United States
- Pediatric Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Bradley DeNardo
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Wafik El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- *Correspondence: Wen-I Chang, ; Wafik El-Deiry,
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