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Upadhyay R, Dhakal A, Wheeler C, Hoyd R, Jagjit Singh M, Karivedu V, Bhateja P, Bonomi M, Valentin S, Gamez ME, Konieczkowski DJ, Baliga S, Grecula JC, Blakaj DM, Gogineni E, Mitchell DL, Denko NC, Spakowicz D, Jhawar SR. Comparative analysis of the tumor microbiome, molecular profiles, and immune cell abundances by HPV status in mucosal head and neck cancers and their impact on survival. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2350249. [PMID: 38722731 PMCID: PMC11086009 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2350249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) comprises a diverse group of tumors with variable treatment response and prognosis. The tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes microbiome and immune cells, can impact outcomes. Here, we sought to relate the presence of specific microbes, gene expression, and tumor immune infiltration using tumor transcriptomics from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and associate these with overall survival (OS). RNA sequencing (RNAseq) from HNSCC tumors in TCGA was processed through the exogenous sequences in tumors and immune cells (exotic) pipeline to identify and quantify low-abundance microbes. The detection of the Papillomaviridae family of viruses assessed HPV status. All statistical analyses were performed using R. A total of 499 RNAseq samples from TCGA were analyzed. HPV was detected in 111 samples (22%), most commonly Alphapapillomavirus 9 (90.1%). The presence of Alphapapillomavirus 9 was associated with improved OS [HR = 0.60 (95%CI: 0.40-0.89, p = .01)]. Among other microbes, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was associated with the worst survival (HR = 3.88; p = .008), while Pseudomonas viridiflava had the best survival (HR = 0.05; p = .036). Microbial species found more abundant in HPV- tumors included several gram-negative anaerobes. HPV- tumors had a significantly higher abundance of M0 (p < .001) and M2 macrophages (p = .035), while HPV+ tumors had more T regulatory cells (p < .001) and CD8+ T-cells (p < .001). We identified microbes in HNSCC tumor samples significantly associated with survival. A greater abundance of certain anaerobic microbes was seen in HPV tumors and pro-tumorigenic macrophages. These findings suggest that TME can be used to predict patient outcomes and may help identify mechanisms of resistance to systemic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituraj Upadhyay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Aastha Dhakal
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Caroline Wheeler
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca Hoyd
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Malvenderjit Jagjit Singh
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Vidhya Karivedu
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Priyanka Bhateja
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marcelo Bonomi
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sasha Valentin
- Department of Dentistry, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - David J. Konieczkowski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sujith Baliga
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John C. Grecula
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dukagjin M. Blakaj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Emile Gogineni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Darrion L. Mitchell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicholas C. Denko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniel Spakowicz
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sachin R. Jhawar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Mahale A, Routholla G, Lavanya S, Sharma P, Ghosh B, Kulkarni OP. Pharmacological blockade of HDAC6 attenuates cancer progression by inhibiting IL-1β and modulating immunosuppressive response in OSCC. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111921. [PMID: 38547770 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β) one of the biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is upregulated in tumor-microenvironment (TME) and associated with poor patient survival. Thus, a novel modulator of IL-1β would be of great therapeutic value for OSCC treatment. Here we report regulation of IL-1β and TME by histone deacetylase-6 (HDAC6)-inhibitor in OSCC. We observed significant upregulation of HDAC6 in 4-nitroquniline (4-NQO)-induced OSCC in mice and 4-NQO & Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated OSCC and fibroblast cells. Tubastatin A (TSA)-attenuated the OSCC progression in mice as observed improvement in the histology over tongue and esophagus, with reduced tumor burden. TSA treatment to 4-NQO mice attenuated protein expression of HDAC6, pro-and-mature-IL-1β and pro-and-cleaved-caspase-1 and ameliorated acetylated-tubulin. In support of our experimental work, human TCGA analysis revealed HDAC6 and IL-1β were upregulated in the primary tumor, with different tumor stages and grades. We found TSA modulate TME, indicated by downregulation of CD11b+Gr1+-Myeloid-derived suppressor cells, CD11b+F4/80+CD206+ M2-macrophages and increase in CD11b+F4/80+MHCII+ M1-macrophages. TSA significantly reduced the gene expression of HDAC6, IL-1β, Arginase-1 and iNOS in isolated splenic-MDSCs. FaDu-HTB-43 and NIH3T3 cells stimulated with LPS and 4-NQO exhibit higher IL-1β levels in the supernatant. Interestingly, immunoblot analysis of the cell lysate, we observed that TSA does not alter the expression as well as activation of IL-1β and caspase-1 but the acetylated-tubulin was found to be increased. Nocodazole pre-treatment proved that TSA inhibited the lysosomal exocytosis of IL-1β through tubulin acetylation. In conclusion, HDAC6 inhibitors attenuated TME and cancer progression through the regulation of IL-1β in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Mahale
- Metabolic Disorders and Neuroscience Research laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, India
| | - Ganesh Routholla
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, India
| | - S Lavanya
- Metabolic Disorders and Neuroscience Research laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, India
| | - Pravesh Sharma
- Metabolic Disorders and Neuroscience Research laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, India
| | - Onkar Prakash Kulkarni
- Metabolic Disorders and Neuroscience Research laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, India.
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Sur S, Bhartiya P, Steele R, Brennan M, DiPaolo RJ, Ray RB. Momordicine-I Suppresses Head and Neck Cancer Growth by Reprogrammimg Immunosuppressive Effect of the Tumor-Infiltrating Macrophages and B Lymphocytes. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:672-682. [PMID: 38315993 PMCID: PMC11065610 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is prevalent worldwide, and treatment options are limited. Momordicine-I (M-I), a natural component from bitter melon, shows antitumor activity against these cancers, but its mechanism of action, especially in the tumor microenvironment (TME), remains unclear. In this study, we establish that M-I reduces HNC tumor growth in two different immunocompetent mouse models using MOC2 and SCC VII cells. We demonstrate that the anticancer activity results from modulating several molecules in the monocyte/macrophage clusters in CD45+ populations in MOC2 tumors by single-cell RNA sequencing. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) often pose a barrier to antitumor effects, but following M-I treatment, we observe a significant reduction in the expression of Sfln4, a myeloid cell differentiation factor, and Cxcl3, a neutrophil chemoattractant, in the monocyte/macrophage populations. We further find that the macrophages must be in close contact with the tumor cells to inhibit Sfln4 and Cxcl3, suggesting that these TAMs are impacted by M-I treatment. Coculturing macrophages with tumor cells shows inhibition of Agr1 expression following M-I treatment, which is indicative of switching from M2 to M1 phenotype. Furthermore, the total B-cell population in M-I-treated tumors is significantly lower, whereas spleen cells also show similar results when cocultured with MOC2 cells. M-I treatment also inhibits PD1, PD-L1, and FoxP3 expression in tumors. Collectively, these results uncover the potential mechanism of M-I by modulating immune cells, and this new insight can help to develop M-I as a promising candidate to treat HNCs, either alone or as adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhayan Sur
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Pradeep Bhartiya
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert Steele
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michelle Brennan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Richard J. DiPaolo
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ratna B. Ray
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
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Yan Q, Liu J, Liu Y, Wen Z, Jin D, Wang F, Gao L. Tumor-associated macrophage-derived exosomal miR21-5p promotes tumor angiogenesis by regulating YAP1/HIF-1α axis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:179. [PMID: 38602536 PMCID: PMC11009780 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently received increasing attention as essential mediators of communication between tumor cells and their microenvironments. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a proangiogenic role in various tumors, especially head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and angiogenesis is closely related to tumor growth and metastasis. This research focused on exploring the mechanisms by which EVs derived from TAMs modulate tumor angiogenesis in HNSCC. Our results indicated that TAMs infiltration correlated positively with microvascular density in HNSCC. Then we collected and identified EVs from TAMs. In the microfluidic chip, TAMs derived EVs significantly enhanced the angiogenic potential of pHUVECs and successfully induced the formation of perfusable blood vessels. qPCR and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that EVs from TAMs transferred miR-21-5p to endothelial cells (ECs). And targeting miR-21-5p of TAMs could effectively inhibit TAM-EVs induced angiogenesis. Western blot and tube formation assays showed that miR-21-5p from TAM-EVs downregulated LATS1 and VHL levels but upregulated YAP1 and HIF-1α levels, and the inhibitors of YAP1 and HIF-1α could both reduce the miR-21-5p enhanced angiogenesis in HUVECs. The in vivo experiments further proved that miR-21-5p carried by TAM-EVs promoted the process of tumor angiogenesis via YAP1/HIF-1α axis in HNSCC. Conclusively, TAM-derived EVs transferred miR-21-5p to ECs to target the mRNA of LATS1 and VHL, which inhibited YAP1 phosphorylation and subsequently enhanced YAP1-mediated HIF-1α transcription and reduced VHL-mediated HIF-1α ubiquitination, contributing to angiogenesis in HNSCC. These findings present a novel regulatory mechanism of tumor angiogenesis, and miR-21-5p/YAP1/HIF-1α might be a potential therapeutic target for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yan
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiding Liu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Wen
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Jin
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Wang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
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Shie WY, Cheng SJ, Chen KC, Tang CC, Peng HH, Ko HH, Hou HH, Elizabeth Chou HY. Fibroblast growth factor 5 expression predicts the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Formos Med Assoc 2024; 123:390-399. [PMID: 37704482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 5 is a member of the FGF family that functions as a regulator of tissue growth and regeneration. Aberrant FGF5 expression has been previously associated with the progression of a number of different malignancies. However, its potential role in oral cancer remains unclear. In this study, we explored the relationship between the expression of FGF5 protein in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and the clinicopathological parameters of OSCCs and whether the expression of FGF5 protein in OSCCs could be a prognostic factor for OSCC patients. METHODS The FGF5 protein expression was examined in 64 OSCC and 34 normal oral mucosal specimens by immunohistochemical staining. Stress induced upregulation and intracellular redistribution of FGF5 were verified using xenograft animal model and OSCC cell lines. RESULTS The mean FGF5 protein labelling index was significantly higher in OSCC than in normal oral mucosal samples, with high FGF5 protein labelling index (>58%) being correlated with advanced stage and poor survival of OSCC patients. Apart from the peri-cytoplasmic staining pattern characteristic of paracrine growth factors, FGF5 protein was localized as distinct punctate structures in the cytoplasm of advanced stage or stressed-induced cells. This redistribution and upregulation of FGF5 protein could be sustained after termination of the stress induction in cell line and xenograft animal models. CONCLUSION FGF5 can be induced by cellular stress and risk factors of OSCC, where high expression levels of FGF5 is potentially a useful parameter for predicting OSCC progression and patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yi Shie
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jung Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Tang
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hui Peng
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, College of Medicine, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hsin Ko
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, College of Medicine, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Han Hou
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yi Elizabeth Chou
- Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Sukmana BI, Saleh RO, Najim MA, AL-Ghamdi HS, Achmad H, Al-Hamdani MM, Taher AAY, Alsalamy A, Khaledi M, Javadi K. Oral microbiota and oral squamous cell carcinoma: a review of their relation and carcinogenic mechanisms. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1319777. [PMID: 38375155 PMCID: PMC10876296 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1319777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck cancer worldwide. Emerging research suggests a strong association between OSCC and the oral microbiota, a diverse community of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea. Pathogenic bacteria, in particular Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, have been closely linked to OSCC. Moreover, certain oral fungi, such as Candida albicans, and viruses, like the human papillomavirus, have also been implicated in OSCC. Despite these findings, the precise mechanisms through which the oral microbiota influences OSCC development remain unclear and necessitate further research. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the oral microbiota and its relationship with OSCC and discusses potential carcinogenic pathways that the oral microbiota may activate or modulate are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | | | - Hasan S. AL-Ghamdi
- Internal Medicine Department, Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harun Achmad
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia (Lecture of Pediatric Dentistry), Makassar, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja’afar Al‐Sadiq University, Al‐Muthanna, Iraq
| | - Mansoor Khaledi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Kasra Javadi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Calanca N, Francisco ALN, Bizinelli D, Kuasne H, Barros Filho MC, Flores BCT, Pinto CAL, Rainho CA, Soares MBP, Marchi FA, Kowalski LP, Rogatto SR. DNA methylation-based depiction of the immune microenvironment and immune-associated long non-coding RNAs in oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115559. [PMID: 37742611 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a complex and dynamic disease characterized by clinicopathological and molecular heterogeneity. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of cell subpopulations has been associated with cancer progression and implicated in the prognosis and therapy response. Emerging evidence indicates that aberrant epigenetic profiles in OSCC may foster an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by modulating the expression of immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). DNA methylation analysis was performed in 46 matched OSCC and normal adjacent tissue samples using a genome-wide platform (Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip). Reference-based computational deconvolution (MethylCIBERSORT) was applied to infer the immune cell composition of the bulk samples. The expression levels of genes encoding immune markers and differentially methylated lncRNAs were investigated using The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. OSCC specimens presented distinct immune cell composition, including the enrichment of monocyte lineage cells, natural killer cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, regulatory T-lymphocytes, and neutrophils. In contrast, B-lymphocytes, effector T-lymphocytes, and fibroblasts were diminished in tumor samples. The hypomethylation of three immune-associated lncRNAs (MEG3, MIR155HG, and WFDC21P) at individual CpG sites was confirmed by bisulfite-pyrosequencing. Also, the upregulation of a set of immune markers (FOXP3, GZMB, IL10, IL2RA, TGFB, IFNG, TDO2, IDO1, and HIF1A) was detected. The immune cell composition, immune markers alteration, and dysregulation of immune-associated lncRNAs reinforce the impact of the immune microenvironment in OSCC. These concurrent factors contribute to tumor heterogeneity, suggesting that epi-immunotherapy could be an efficient alternative to treat OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiade Calanca
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark-Vejle, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark; Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia Noronha Francisco
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Bizinelli
- International Research Center (CIPE), A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Hellen Kuasne
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal H3A1A3, QC, Canada
| | | | - Bianca Campos Troncarelli Flores
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark-Vejle, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | | | - Claudia Aparecida Rainho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Health Technology Institute, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador 41650-010, BA, Brazil; Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil
| | - Fabio Albuquerque Marchi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05402-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05402-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Rogatto
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark-Vejle, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark.
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Shen M, Shan W, Lv S, Cai K, Chen X, Xu Z, Gao M, Wang G. Risk factors for the occurrence of infection in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma after restorative reconstruction and its impact on recurrence and quality of life: a retrospective cohort study. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:2155-2168. [PMID: 37701120 PMCID: PMC10493792 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-1150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Worldwide, there are approximately 300,000 new cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and 100,000 deaths each year. The complexity of oral and maxillofacial structures leads to a high risk of surgical infection such as radical tumor resection and free flap reconstruction. Previous studies have shown that diabetes mellitus, previous radiotherapy, oral-neck communication, etc. are risk factors for postoperative infection, but the influence of time on prognosis has not been clarified in detail. This study supplements this aspect and provided a reference for improving the quality of life of patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed a total of 168 patients who developed OSCC from July 2014 to September 2019. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study, the general data questionnaire designed by ourselves was used to sort out the general characteristics and clinical data of the subjects. The t test, Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Surgical site infections (SSI) are defined as infections associated with surgical procedures. The quality of life was evaluated by the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) score. A 3-year follow-up was conducted by telephone, Email and outpatient review. Results Among the 168 patients, the total number of postoperative infections was 22 (13.1%). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) (OR =0.029, P=0.039), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification (OR =21.443, P=0.042), preoperative radiotherapy (OR =19.993, P=0.022), Jaw resection status (OR =29.665, P=0.021), Perioperative transfusion (OR =29.148, P=0.020), preoperative white blood cell count (OR =1.763, P=0.017), albumin level (OR =0.853, P=0.033) were independent influencing factors between the two groups (P<0.05). Except for the social functioning and role-emotional dimensions, all dimensions of SF-36 in patients with infection were significantly lower than those without infection. Conclusions The incidence of postoperative infection after restorative and reconstructive surgery for OSCC deserves the attention of clinicians. For high-risk infected persons, relevant anti-infection measures should be taken early against the infectious source, and the possibility of nosocomial infection should be attached great importance in clinical work. After discharge, patients should also actively do follow-up, education and other related work to reduce the incidence of postoperative infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Shen
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weilan Shan
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Lv
- Department of Stomatology, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kuan Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyun Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjin Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Harris A, Andl T. Precancerous Lesions of the Head and Neck Region and Their Stromal Aberrations: Piecemeal Data. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082192. [PMID: 37190121 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) develop through a series of precancerous stages from a pool of potentially malignant disorders (PMDs). Although we understand the genetic changes that lead to HNSCC, our understanding of the role of the stroma in the progression from precancer to cancer is limited. The stroma is the primary battleground between the forces that prevent and promote cancer growth. Targeting the stroma has yielded promising cancer therapies. However, the stroma at the precancerous stage of HNSCCs is poorly defined, and we may miss opportunities for chemopreventive interventions. PMDs already exhibit many features of the HNSCC stroma, such as inflammation, neovascularization, and immune suppression. Still, they do not induce cancer-associated fibroblasts or destroy the basal lamina, the stroma's initial structure. Our review aims to summarize the current understanding of the transition from precancer to cancer stroma and how this knowledge can reveal opportunities and limitations for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic decisions to benefit patients. We will discuss what may be needed to fulfill the promise of the precancerous stroma as a target to prevent progression to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee Harris
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Thomas Andl
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
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10
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Mamilos A, Lein A, Winter L, Ettl T, Künzel J, Reichert TE, Spanier G, Brochhausen C. Tumor Immune Microenvironment Heterogeneity at the Invasion Front and Tumor Center in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma as a Perspective of Managing This Cancer Entity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041704. [PMID: 36836239 PMCID: PMC9958892 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluating the tumor microenvironment and its influence on clinical management and therapy response is becoming increasingly important. However, only a few studies deal with the spatial distribution of immune cells within the tumor. This study aimed to describe the topology of immune cells in the microenvironment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) sectioned by tumor invasion front and tumor center and to test their prognostic relevance regarding patient survival. METHODS A total of 55 OSCC patient specimens were collected retrospectively. The cancer tissue was immunohistochemically stained using an automated tissue stainer Ventana Benchmark Ultra (Roche) and analyzed using discrete expression marker profiles on immune cells. We investigated CD4+ lymphocytes, CD8+ lymphocytes, CD68+ macrophages, CD163+ macrophages, and M1 macrophages regarding their spatial distribution. RESULTS The statistical analysis revealed that the quantity and distribution of CD4+ (p = 0.007), CD8+ (p < 0.001), CD68+ (p < 0.001), CD163+ cells (p = 0.004), and M1 (p < 0.001) macrophages were significantly higher at the invasion front compared to the tumor center in all observed cases. However, high and low immune cell counts in the tumor center and invasion front were not associated with overall survival. CONCLUSION Our results show two distinct immune microenvironments of the tumor center compared to the invasion front. Future studies are needed to explore how these results can be leveraged to improve patient therapy and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mamilos
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Central Biobank Regensburg, University and University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Lein
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lina Winter
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Central Biobank Regensburg, University and University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Ettl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julian Künzel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Torsten E. Reichert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerrit Spanier
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Brochhausen
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Central Biobank Regensburg, University and University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-621-383-2275
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11
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Gorvel L, Olive D. Tumor associated macrophage in HPV + tumors: Between immunosuppression and inflammation. Semin Immunol 2023; 65:101671. [PMID: 36459926 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, with the rise of immunotherapies, tumor infiltrating immune cells were increasingly investigated. Indeed, they may represent biomarkers for patient outcome prediction, they may bear immune checkpoint markers that can be targeted by therapeutic antibodies and mechanistic studies may reveal how to tweak their activation profile so that we can re-direct them towards tumor cells. Macrophages possess a central place in tissue homeostasis for tissue remodeling and cleaning, transformed cell elimination, phagocytosis and regulation of inflammation via cytokine production. All these functions allow the discovery of approaches to target Tumor Associated Macrophages (TAMs) using immunotherapies. Indeed, TAMs express known immune checkpoint markers such as PD-L1, CD40, Sirp-α and markers such as CD163, CD204, TREM2, TREM1 associated with prognosis. In the context of therapies TAM may participate to antibody dependent cell phagocytosis (ADCP) thanks to FCγ-Receptors. Here, we will review the recent literature on TAMs in the specific context of HPV+ tumors. Indeed, HPV infection of mucosal tissue may lead to head and neck, cervical, penile, anal and vaginal cancers. HPV+ tumors exhibit a higher immune cell infiltrate, which relies on inflammation, immunosuppression and anti-viral response. In this context, and considering the many functions on macrophages, we will show the versatility of TAMs in a tumor microenvironment with viral infection features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Gorvel
- Tumor immunology laboratory, IBISA immunomonitoring platform, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Marseille, France.
| | - Daniel Olive
- Tumor immunology laboratory, IBISA immunomonitoring platform, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Marseille, France
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12
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He Y, Yang D, Li Y, Xiang J, Wang L, Wang Y. Circular RNA-related CeRNA network and prognostic signature for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:949713. [PMID: 36532732 PMCID: PMC9753980 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.949713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Circular RNA (circRNA) has an important influence on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). However, the link between ceRNAs and the OSCC immune microenvironment is unknown. The research aimed to find circRNAs implicated in OSCC carcinogenesis and progression and build a circRNA-based ceRNA network to create a reliable OSCC risk prediction model. Methods: The expression profiles of circRNA in OSCC tumors and normal tissues were assessed through RNA sequencing. From the TCGA database, clinicopathological data and expression patterns of microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs were obtained. A network of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA was prepared according to these differentially expressed RNAs and was analyzed through functional enrichment. Subsequently, based on the mRNA in the ceRNA network, the influence of the model on prognosis was then evaluated using a risk prediction model. Finally, considering survival, tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs), clinicopathological features, immunosuppressive molecules, and chemotherapy efficacy were analyzed. Results: Eleven differentially expressed circRNAs were found in cancer tissues relative to healthy tissues. We established a network of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA, and the ceRNA network includes 123 mRNAs, six miRNAs, and four circRNAs. By the assessment of Genomes pathway and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes, it is found that in the cellular senescence, PI3K-AKT and mTOR signaling pathway mRNAs were mainly enrichment. An immune-related signature was created utilizing seven immune-related genes in the ceRNA network after univariate and multivariate analysis. The receiver operating characteristic of the nomogram exhibited satisfactory accuracy and predictive potential. According to a Kaplan-Meier analysis, the high-risk group's survival rate was signally lower than the group with low-risk. In addition, risk models were linked to clinicopathological characteristics, TICs, immune checkpoints, and antitumor drug susceptibility. Conclusion: The profiles of circRNAs expression of OSCC tissues differ significantly from normal tissues. Our study established a circRNA-associated ceRNA network associated with OSCC and identified essential prognostic genes. Furthermore, our proposed immune-based signature aims to help research OSCC etiology, prognostic marker screening, and immune response evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong He
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dengcheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Junwei Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liecheng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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13
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Gaafar NM, Osman TA, Elsheikh M, Ahmed IA, Dongre H, Fromreide S, Suleiman AM, Johannessen AC, Nginamau ES, Costea D. Epithelial PD-L1 expression at tumor front predicts overall survival in a cohort of oral squamous cell carcinomas from Sudan. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1467-1477. [PMID: 36177667 PMCID: PMC9760153 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently described the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) from Sudan by assessing the core of the lesions. However, the invasive tumor front (ITF) is the most active part of OSCC lesions; thus, TIME should also be characterized at the ITF in this patient cohort. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate patterns of immune cell infiltration at the ITF in a cohort of OSCC patients from Sudan previously investigated at the tumor center and their association with clinicopathological parameters. METHODS This study was performed on a prospective cohort of 22 OSCC patients attending Khartoum Dental Teaching Hospital with a median follow-up of 48 months. Inflammatory infiltrate densities of CD4-, CD8-, FoxP3-, CD20-, CD66b-, M1 (CD80/CD68)-, M2 (CD163/CD68)-, and PD-L1-positive cells were assessed at the ITF by immunohistochemistry, followed by digital quantitative analysis at the stromal and epithelial compartments separately. Histopathological parameters such as the worst pattern of invasion, differentiation, and tumor budding (TB) were also assessed. Correlations between clinicopathological parameters and survival analysis were investigated using SPSS. RESULTS All inflammatory cell subsets investigated were found to be higher in the stromal compartment as compared to the epithelial one, except for the PD-L1+ subset. Stromal infiltration with the CD8+ cell subset was associated with low TB. Kaplan-Meier analyses identified higher epithelial and stromal CD4+ cell subsets. The presence of PD-L1 was found to be associated with unfavorable overall survival. Further, Cox's regression analysis using an age- and tumor-stage-adjusted model identified epithelial PD-L1 expression at the ITF as the only independent prognosticator. CONCLUSIONS Epithelial PD-L1 expression at the ITF was found to be an independent prognostic biomarker for OSCC in a cohort of Sudanese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuha M. Gaafar
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway,Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of KhartoumKhartoumSudan
| | - Tarig Al‐Hadi Osman
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway,Department of PathologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Mariam Elsheikh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of KhartoumKhartoumSudan,Khartoum Dental Teaching HospitalKhartoumSudan
| | - Israa Abdulrahman Ahmed
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway,Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Harsh Dongre
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Siren Fromreide
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Ahmed M. Suleiman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of KhartoumKhartoumSudan,Khartoum Dental Teaching HospitalKhartoumSudan
| | - Anne C. Johannessen
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway,Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway,Department of PathologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Elisabeth S. Nginamau
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway,Department of PathologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Daniela‐Elena Costea
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway,Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway,Department of PathologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
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14
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Xue Y, Song X, Fan S, Deng R. The role of tumor-associated macrophages in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Front Physiol 2022; 13:959747. [PMID: 36105288 PMCID: PMC9464857 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.959747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common head and neck cancer with a high recurrence rate and a low 5-year survival rate. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are important immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, which play an important role in the progression of many tumors. This article reviews the origin, and the role of TAMs in the invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and immunosuppression of OSCC. Therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs are also discussed in hopes of providing new ideas for the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyu Fan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runzhi Deng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Runzhi Deng,
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15
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Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Potential Benefits and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158530. [PMID: 35955666 PMCID: PMC9368833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are recognized as among the most common neoplasms, mostly in white people, with an increasing incidence rate. Among the NMSCs, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most prevalent malignancy known to affect people with a fair complexion who are exposed to extreme ultraviolet radiation (UVR), have a hereditary predisposition, or are immunosuppressed. There are several extrinsic and intrinsic determinants that contribute to the pathophysiology of the SCC. The therapeutic modalities depend on the SCC stages, from actinic keratosis to late-stage multiple metastases. Standard treatments include surgical excision, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. As SCC represents a favorable tumor microenvironment with high tumor mutational burden, infiltration of immune cells, and expression of immune checkpoints, the SCC tumors are highly responsive to immunotherapies. Until now, there are three checkpoint inhibitors, cemiplimab, pembrolizumab, and nivolumab, that are approved for the treatment of advanced, recurrent, or metastatic SCC patients in the United States. Immunotherapy possesses significant therapeutic benefits for patients with metastatic or locally advanced tumors not eligible for surgery or radiotherapy to avoid the potential toxicity caused by the chemotherapies. Despite the high tolerability and efficiency, the existence of some challenges has been revealed such as, resistance to immunotherapy, less availability of the biomarkers, and difficulty in appropriate patient selection. This review aims to accumulate evidence regarding the genetic alterations related to SCC, the factors that contribute to the potential benefits of immunotherapy, and the challenges to follow this treatment regime.
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16
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Zhao T, Hu H, Chen X, Liu Y, Wang H, Li X. Mapping trends and hotspots regarding oral carcinoma and macrophages: a bibliometric analysis of global research. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:4617-4627. [PMID: 35958512 PMCID: PMC9360857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the incidence of oral carcinoma has been increasing year by year, and the role of macrophages in oral carcinoma cannot be ignored. Many related studies have been published, but until now, there is no bibliometric analysis of these publications. METHODS The global publications about oral carcinoma and macrophages from January 2011 to December 2021 were extracted from Web of Science collection database. Microsoft Excel 2016, GraphPad Prism 8, VOSviewer software and CiteSpace were employed to perform the bibliometric study. RESULTS China published the most publications in this field and had the most citations as well as H-index. Oral Oncology published the most papers relating to the oral carcinoma and macrophages in terms of journals. Sichuan University have most publications in terms of institutions and research by Taams, LS received the highest number of citations. CONCLUSION The squamous cell carcinoma is still the focus of our attention at present. The polarization of macrophages, immunotherapy and the prevention of oral cancer were identified as the emerging topics. However, the collaboration of immunology and oncology has played an important role in the development of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surger Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Naval Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Department of Stomatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical UniversityShanghai, China
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Zhang L, Zhao S, Liu Y, Lv F, Geng X. Identification and validation of transcription factor-driven enhancers of genes related to lipid metabolism in metastatic oral squamous cell carcinomas. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:126. [PMID: 35428233 PMCID: PMC9013160 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role and mechanisms of lipid metabolism in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) metastasis have not been clarified. This study aims to identify lipid metabolism-related genes and transcription factors regulated by metastasis-associated enhancers (MAEs) in OSCC. Methods Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were performed for lipid metabolism enrichment. TCGA data were used to analyze the differentially expressed lipid metabolism-related genes. MAEs were analyzed using GSE120634. Overlapping analysis was used to screen the MAE-regulated lipid metabolism-related genes, and the prognosis of these genes was analyzed. Transcription factor prediction was performed for the MAE-regulated lipid metabolism-related genes with prognostic value. Validation of the metastatic specificity of MAEs at ACAT1, OXSM and VAPA locus was performed using GSE88976 and GSE120634. ChIP-qPCR, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to verify the regulation of ACAT1, OXSM and VAPA expression by CBFB. Effects of CBFB knockdown on proliferation, invasion and lipid synthesis in metastatic OSCC cells were analyzed. Results Lipid metabolism was significantly enhanced in metastatic OSCC compared to non-metastatic OSCC. The expression of 276 lipid metabolism-related genes was significantly upregulated in metastatic OSCC, which were functionally related to lipid uptake, triacylglycerols, phospholipids and sterols metabolism. A total of 6782 MAEs and 176 MAE-regulated lipid metabolism-related genes were filtered. Three MAE-regulated lipid metabolism-related genes, ACAT1, OXSM and VAPA, were associated with a poor prognosis in OSCC patients. Enhancers at ACAT1, OXSM and VAPA locus were metastasis-specific enhancers. CBFB regulated ACAT1, OXSM and VAPA expression by binding to the enhancers of these genes. Knockdown of CBFB inhibited proliferation, invasion and lipid synthesis in metastatic OSCC cells. Conclusion The MAE-regulated lipid metabolism-related genes (ACAT1, OXSM and VAPA) and the key transcription factor (CBFB) were identified. CBFB knockdown inhibited proliferation, invasion and lipid synthesis of OSCC cells. These findings provide novel candidates for the development of therapeutic targets for OSCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02157-7.
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18
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Chen J, Zhou C, Liu Y. Establishing a Macrophage Phenotypic Switch-Associated Signature-Based Risk Model for Predicting the Prognoses of Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:771988. [PMID: 35284334 PMCID: PMC8905507 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.771988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-associated macrophages are important components of the tumor microenvironment, and the macrophage phenotypic switch has been shown to correlate with tumor development. However, the use of a macrophage phenotypic switch-related gene (MRG)-based prognosis signature for lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) has not yet been investigated. Methods In total, 1,114 LADC cases from two different databases were collected. The samples from TCGA were used as the training set (N = 490), whereas two independent datasets (GSE31210 and GSE72094) from the GEO database were used as the validation sets (N = 624). A robust MRG signature that predicted clinical outcomes of LADC patients was identified through multivariate COX and Lasso regression analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to analyze molecular pathways associated with the MRG signature. Moreover, the fractions of 22 immune cells were estimated using CIBERSORT algorithm. Results An eight MRG-based signature comprising CTSL, ECT2, HCFC2, HNRNPK, LRIG1, OSBPL5, P4HA1, and TUBA4A was used to estimate the LADC patients’ overall survival. The MRG model was capable of distinguishing high-risk patients from low-risk patients and accurately predict survival in both the training and validation cohorts. Subsequently, the eight MRG-based signature and other features were used to construct a nomogram to better predict the survival of LADC patients. Calibration plots and decision curve analysis exhibited good consistency between the nomogram predictions and actual observation. ROC curves displayed that the signature had good robustness to predict LADC patients’ prognostic outcome. Conclusions We identified a phenotypic switch-related signature for predicting the survival of patients with LADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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19
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Chiang IT, Lee YH, Tan ZL, Hsu FT, Tu HF. Regorafenib enhances antitumor immune efficacy of anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy on oral squamous cell carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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20
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Christopoulos PF. Hacking macrophages to combat cancer and inflammatory diseases-Current advances and challenges. Scand J Immunol 2022; 95:e13140. [PMID: 35000232 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, immunotherapy has been served as the treatment of choice for various human pathophysiologies, including inflammatory diseases and cancer. Though most of the current approaches target the lymphoid compartment, macrophages intimately implicated in the induction or resolution of inflammation have rationally gained their place into the therapeutics arena. In this review, I discuss the past and novel groundbreaking strategies focusing on macrophages in different human diseases and highlight the current challenges and considerations underlying their translational potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis F Christopoulos
- Department of Pathology, section of Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0424, Oslo, Norway
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21
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Shetty SS, Padam KSR, Hunter KD, Kudva A, Radhakrishnan R. Biological implications of the immune factors in the tumour microenvironment of oral cancer. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 133:105294. [PMID: 34735925 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to decipher the biological implications of the immune factors in the tumour microenvironment in oral cancer. The restoration of balance between tumour tolerance and tumour eradication by the host immune cells is critical to provide effective therapeutic strategies. DESIGN The specific role of the stromal and the immune components in oral cancer was reviewed with a tailored search strategy using relevant keywords. The articles were retrieved from bibliometric databases indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. An in silico analysis was performed to identify potential drug candidates for immunotherapy, by accessing the Drug-Gene Interactions Database (DGIdb) using the rDGIdb package. RESULTS There is compelling evidence for the role of the cellular and extracellular components of the tumour microenvironment in inducing immunosuppression and progression of oral cancer. The druggable candidates specifically targeting the immune system are a viable option in the treatment of oral cancer as they can regulate the tumour microenvironment. CONCLUSION A complex interaction between the tumour and the immunological microenvironment influences the disease outcome in oral cancer. Targeting specific components of the immune system might be relevant, as immunotherapy may become the new standard of care for oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smitha Sammith Shetty
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Kanaka Sai Ram Padam
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Keith D Hunter
- Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Adarsh Kudva
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.
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