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Liu W, Qu A, Yuan J, Wang L, Chen J, Zhang X, Wang H, Han Z, Li Y. Colorectal cancer histopathology image analysis: A comparative study of prognostic values of automatically extracted morphometric nuclear features in multispectral and red-blue-green imagery. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:1303-1316. [PMID: 38343355 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multispectral imaging (MSI) has been utilized to predict the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, however, our understanding of the prognostic value of nuclear morphological parameters of bright-field MSI in CRC is still limited. This study was designed to compare the efficiency of MSI and standard red-green-blue (RGB) images in predicting the prognosis of CRC. METHODS We compared the efficiency of MS and conventional RGB images on the quantitative assessment of hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stained histopathology images. A pipeline was developed using a pixel-wise support vector machine (SVM) classifier for gland-stroma segmentation, and a marker-controlled watershed algorithm was used for nuclei segmentation. The correlation between extracted morphological parameters and the five-year disease-free survival (5-DFS) was analyzed. RESULTS Forty-seven nuclear morphological parameters were extracted in total. Based on Kaplan-Meier analysis, eight features derived from MS images and seven featured derived from RGB images were significantly associated with 5-DFS, respectively. Compared with RGB images, MSI showed higher accuracy, precision, and Dice index in nuclei segmentation. Multivariate analysis indicated that both integrated parameters 1 (factors negatively correlated with CRC prognosis including nuclear number, circularity, eccentricity, major axis length) and 2 (factors positively correlated with CRC prognosis including nuclear average area, area perimeter, total area/total perimeter ratio, average area/perimeter ratio) in MS images were independent prognostic factors of 5-DFS, in contrast with only integrated parameter 1 (P<0.001) in RGB images. More importantly, the quantification of HE-stained MS images displayed higher accuracy in predicting 5-DFS compared with RGB images (76.9% vs 70.9%). CONCLUSIONS Quantitative evaluation of HE-stained MS images could yield more information and better predictive performance for CRC prognosis than conventional RGB images, thereby contributing to precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlou Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Aiping Qu
- School of Computer, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jingping Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Linwei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhengxiang Han
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cancer Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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2
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Jain T, Chandra A, Mishra SP, Khairnar M, Rajoria S, Maheswari R, Keerthika R, Tiwari S, Agrawal R. Unravelling the Significance of NLRP3 and IL-β1 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Potentially Malignant Oral Disorders: A Diagnostic and Prognostic Exploration. Head Neck Pathol 2024; 18:77. [PMID: 39141262 PMCID: PMC11324625 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-024-01685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), an inflammasome, is reported to be dysregulated or aberrantly expressed in chronic inflammation, leading to a myriad of inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. This study aimed to explore the expression and role of NLRP3 protein and the secreted cytokine IL-β1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and potentially malignant oral disorders (PMOD). MATERIAL & METHODS Tissue NLRP3 expression was quantified using sandwich ELISA in 30 cases each of OSCC, PMOD, and normal oral mucosa. Serum IL-β1 level was also measured by ELISA to determine their correlation. In surgically treated OSCC cases, pathological parameters such as tumor size, depth of invasion (DOI), pTNM stage, and perineural & lymphovascular invasion were assessed and correlated with NLRP3 & IL-β1 levels to investigate their roles in tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. RESULTS Tissue NLRP3 expression was markedly elevated in OSCC, with significant IL-β1 levels observed in the serum of both OSCC and PMOD cases. Both markers showed a pronounced increase with the severity of dysplasia, indicating a strong association (p = 0.003%). The expression levels of tissue NLRP3 and serum IL-β1 were positively correlated with DOI and tumor size. Furthermore, their elevated levels, alongside higher histological grades, indicate roles in the dedifferentiation and progression of tumor cells. CONCLUSION The findings indicated that increased expression of NLRP3 and IL-β1 in PMOD correlates with higher transformation rates, along with tumor progression and dedifferentiation in OSCC. Consequently, these markers hold promise as valuable targets for prognostic assessment, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trupti Jain
- Unit of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Akhilesh Chandra
- Unit of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Surendra Pratap Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Mahesh Khairnar
- Unit of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Shivangni Rajoria
- Unit of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - R Maheswari
- Unit of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - R Keerthika
- Unit of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Shivam Tiwari
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Rahul Agrawal
- Unit of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
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Jain P, Sultania M, Muduly D, Chaudhary I, Ghalige H, Patro S, Adhya A, Kar M. Triple Positive Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Predict Poor Survival Outcomes: Multiple Factor Positivity Warrants the Need for Modified Treatment Approaches. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2024; 23:923-934. [PMID: 39118932 PMCID: PMC11303734 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-024-02186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI) and extranodal extension (ENE) have shown adverse outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study evaluated the impact of LVI, PNI and ENE, individually and in combination, on survival outcomes in OSCC. Material and Methods A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained oral cancer database was done from January 2017 to March 2023. All consecutive OSCC patients who underwent curative intent surgery were included. The triple-positive group was defined by the presence of all three features (LVI/PNI/ENE), while the double-positive group had the presence of two features. The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) analysis was done between different study groups. Results A total of 255 patients were included in the analysis. The LVI, PNI and ENE positivity was 13%, 26% and 11%, respectively. There were 19 patients (7%) with double-positive and ten patients (4%) with triple-positive disease. The triple-positive group had lower DFS than non-triple-positive (0% vs 57%, p-value 0.001) and lower OS (0% vs 72%, p-value 0.003). The median DFS and OS of the triple-positive group were eight months and 24 months, respectively. Similarly, the double-positive group also had statistically significant inferior DFS (p-value 0.007) and OS (p-value 0.002) compared to the single-positive/triple-negative group. Conclusion The triple-positive disease had poor outcomes, with no patients achieving disease-free or overall survival at the 5-year follow-up. The presence of multiple adverse factors necessitates modification of adjuvant therapy and therapeutic strategy, which may enhance survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyansh Jain
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Mahesh Sultania
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Bagchi Sri Shankara Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Dillip Muduly
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Itisha Chaudhary
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Hemanth Ghalige
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Sangram Patro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Amit Adhya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Madhabananda Kar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
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Jones AJ, Novinger LJ, Bonetto A, Davis KP, Giuliano MM, Mantravadi AV, Sim MW, Moore MG, Yesensky JA. Histopathologic Features of Mucosal Head and Neck Cancer Cachexia. Int J Surg Oncol 2024; 2024:5339292. [PMID: 38966634 PMCID: PMC11223910 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5339292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Determine the histopathologic features that correlate with head and neck cancer (HNC) cachexia. Methods A single-institution, retrospective study was performed on adults with HPV-negative, mucosal squamous cell carcinoma of the aerodigestive tract undergoing resection and free flap reconstruction from 2014 to 2019. Patients with distant metastases were excluded. Demographics, comorbidities, preoperative nutrition, and surgical pathology reports were collected. Comparisons of histopathologic features and cachexia severity were made. Results The study included 222 predominantly male (64.9%) patients aged 61.3 ± 11.8 years. Cachexia was identified in 57.2% patients, and 18.5% were severe (≥15% weight loss). No differences in demographics were identified between the groups. Compared to control, patients with severe cachexia had lower serum hemoglobin (p=0.048) and albumin (p < 0.001), larger tumor diameter (p < 0.001), greater depth of invasion (p < 0.001), and elevated proportions of pT4 disease (p < 0.001), pN2-N3 disease (p=0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p=0.009), and extranodal extension (p=0.014). Multivariate logistic regression identified tumor size (OR [95% CI] = 1.36 [1.08-1.73]), oral cavity tumor (OR [95% CI] = 0.30 [0.11-0.84]), and nodal burden (OR [95% CI] = 1.16 [0.98-1.38]) as significant histopathologic contributors of cancer cachexia. Conclusions Larger, more invasive tumors with nodal metastases and aggressive histologic features are associated with greater cachexia severity in mucosal HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Jones
- Indiana University School of MedicineDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Leah J. Novinger
- University of Colorado AnschutzDepartment of Pathology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrea Bonetto
- University of Colorado AnschutzDepartment of Pathology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kyle P. Davis
- St. Louis University School of MedicineDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marelle M. Giuliano
- Indiana University School of MedicineDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Avinash V. Mantravadi
- Indiana University School of MedicineDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael W. Sim
- Indiana University School of MedicineDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael G. Moore
- Indiana University School of MedicineDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jessica A. Yesensky
- Indiana University School of MedicineDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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5
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Ekanayaka RP, Tilakaratne WM. Impact of histopathological parameters in prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38938003 DOI: 10.1111/odi.15035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Squamous cell carcinomas comprise approximately 90% of all oral malignancies. There is a wide geographical variation in the incidence of oral cancer, with South and South East Asia (SSEA) accounting for almost two third of new cases. The prognosis of oral cancer is influenced by a vast array of factors including demographic, clinical, histopathological and molecular factors. The objective this review is to analyse the impact of histopathological features assessed in hematoxylin and eosin stained sections on the prognosis of OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medline and Scopus data base search was performed in order to identify related articles on histopathological parameters in predicting prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The primary emphasis is on the studies conducted in SSEA, with an accompanying comparison of their findings with those from research conducted in other parts of the world. RESULTS It has been shown that the number of studies conducted in SSEA is not proportionate to the high prevalence of Oral Cancer in the region. There is no significant difference between the findings from SSEA compared to the rest of the world. It is clearly shown that most histopathological parameters can be accurately used to predict nodal metastasis and prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Histopathological parameters can be used reliably in planning treatment of Oral cancer. Clinicians should combine clinical and histopathological parameters in drawing treatment plan for Oral Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Ekanayaka
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - W M Tilakaratne
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Tsai YT, Tsai MH, Chang GH, Tsai MS, Huang EI, Lu CH, Hsu CM, Lai CH, Liao CT, Kang CJ, Lee YC, Tsai YH, Fang KH. Prognostic importance of modified geriatric nutritional risk index in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12921. [PMID: 38839809 PMCID: PMC11153586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63671-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
We probed the associations of preoperative modified geriatric nutritional risk index (mGNRI) values with prognosis in patients receiving surgery for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 333 patients with OCSCC and undergoing surgery between 2008 and 2017. The preoperative mGNRI was calculated using the following formula: (14.89/C-reactive protein level) + 41.7 × (actual body weight/ideal body weight). We executed receiver operating characteristic curve analyses to derive the optimal mGNRI cutoff and employed Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazard model to probe the associations of the mGNRI with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The optimal mGNRI cutoff was derived to be 73.3. We noted the 5-year OS and DFS rates to be significantly higher in the high-mGNRI group than in the low-mGNRI group (both p < 0.001). A preoperative mGNRI below 73.3 was independently associated with unfavorable DFS and OS. A mGNRI-based nomogram was constructed to provide accurate OS predictions (concordance index, 0.781). Hence, preoperative mGNRI is a valuable and cost-effective prognostic biomarker in patients with OCSCC. Our nomogram facilitates the practical use of mGNRI and offers individualized predictions of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Te Tsai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Geng-He Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shao Tsai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ethan I Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hsien Lu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ming Hsu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Lai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Liao
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jan Kang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chan Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hsiung Tsai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ku-Hao Fang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.6, W. Sec., Jiapu Rd., Puzi City, Chiayi County, 613, Taiwan.
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Struckmeier AK, Eichhorn P, Agaimy A, Buchbender M, Moest T, Lutz R, Kesting M. Comparison of the 7th and revised 8th UICC editions (2020) for oral squamous cell carcinoma: How does the reclassification impact staging and survival? Virchows Arch 2024; 484:901-913. [PMID: 38191928 PMCID: PMC11186894 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Since its introduction in 1968, the TNM (tumor, node, metastasis) classification established by the International Union Against Cancer has provided a consistent framework for staging of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The introduction of the 8th edition in 2017 brought about significant modifications, encompassing the integration of depth of invasion (DOI) and extranodal extension (ENE) into the T and N classifications. Further, the UICC the criteria for the T3 and T4a categories were amended in 2020. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of reclassification on staging and, subsequently, the survival of patients with OSCC. Primary OSCCs from 391 patients were classified according to the 7th and revised 8th UICC editions (2020). Stage migration was assessed, and stage-specific progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The log-rank test was used to compare the different stages. Cox-proportional hazard modeling was used to compare the two editions. Incorporating the DOI into the T classification resulted in an upstaging of 77 patients, constituting 19.69% of the cohort. In addition, 49 (12.53%) patients experienced an upstaging when considering ENE in the N classification. Consequently, 103 patients underwent upstaging in UICC staging, accounting for 21.74% of cases. Upstaging mainly occurred from stage III to IVA (26.92%) and from stage IVA to IVB (31.78%). Upon comparing the categories in survival analysis, significant differences in OS and PFS were especially observed between stage IVB and lower stages. When examining the hazard ratios, it became evident that UICC 8 stage IVB is burdened by a 5.59-fold greater risk of disease progression than stage I. Furthermore, UICC 8 stage IVB exhibits a 3.83 times higher likelihood of death than stage I disease. We demonstrated significant stage migration from the 7th to the revised 8th UICC edition. Overall, incorporating DOI and ENE into the T and N classifications represents a substantial clinical advancement, leading to a more accurate staging of OSCC patients. Both staging systems exhibited statistically significant discrimination between stages; however, the 8th UICC edition allowed for a more precise categorization of patients based on their prognosis and led to enhanced hazard discrimination, particularly within higher stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kristin Struckmeier
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Philip Eichhorn
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mayte Buchbender
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Moest
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Lutz
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marco Kesting
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Glückstraße 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
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8
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Brorsen LF, McKenzie JS, Tullin MF, Bendtsen KMS, Pinto FE, Jensen HE, Haedersdal M, Takats Z, Janfelt C, Lerche CM. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma characterized by MALDI mass spectrometry imaging in combination with machine learning. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11091. [PMID: 38750270 PMCID: PMC11096391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an increasingly prevalent global health concern. Current diagnostic and surgical methods are reliable, but they require considerable resources and do not provide metabolomic insight. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) enables detailed, spatially resolved metabolomic analysis of tissue samples. Integrated with machine learning, MALDI-MSI could yield detailed information pertaining to the metabolic alterations characteristic for SCC. These insights have the potential to enhance SCC diagnosis and therapy, improving patient outcomes while tackling the growing disease burden. This study employs MALDI-MSI data, labelled according to histology, to train a supervised machine learning model (logistic regression) for the recognition and delineation of SCC. The model, based on data acquired from discrete tumor sections (n = 25) from a mouse model of SCC, achieved a predictive accuracy of 92.3% during cross-validation on the labelled data. A pathologist unacquainted with the dataset and tasked with evaluating the predictive power of the model in the unlabelled regions, agreed with the model prediction for over 99% of the tissue areas. These findings highlight the potential value of integrating MALDI-MSI with machine learning to characterize and delineate SCC, suggesting a promising direction for the advancement of mass spectrometry techniques in the clinical diagnosis of SCC and related keratinocyte carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauritz F Brorsen
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 9, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - James S McKenzie
- Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mette F Tullin
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katja M S Bendtsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fernanda E Pinto
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 9, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik E Jensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Haedersdal
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 9, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zoltan Takats
- Department of Digestion, Metabolism and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Christian Janfelt
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catharina M Lerche
- Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 9, 2400, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Alqutub S, Alqutub A, Bakhshwin A, Mofti Z, Alqutub S, Alkhamesi AA, Nujoom MA, Rammal A, Merdad M, Marzouki HZ. Histopathological predictors of lymph node metastasis in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1401211. [PMID: 38835393 PMCID: PMC11148647 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1401211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is the most significant parameter affecting overall survival in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (OCSCC). Elective neck dissection (END) is the standard of care in the early management of OCSCC with a depth of invasion (DOI) greater than 2-4 mm. However, most patients show no LNM in the final pathologic report, indicating overtreatment. Thus, more detailed indicators are needed to predict LNM in patients with OCSCC. In this study, we critically evaluate the existing literature about the risk of different histological parameters in estimating LNM. Methods A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus were searched from inception to December 2023 to collect all relevant studies. Eligibility screening of records was performed, and data extraction from the selected studies was carried out independently. Inclusion in our systematic review necessitated the following prerequisites: Involvement of patients diagnosed with OCSCC, and examination of histological parameters related to lymph node metastasis in these studies. Exclusion criteria included animal studies, non-English articles, non-availability of full text, and unpublished data. Results We included 217 studies in our systematic review, of which 142 were eligible for the meta-analysis. DOI exceeding 4 mm exhibited higher risk for LNM [Risk ratio (RR) 2.18 (1.91-2.48), p<0.00001], as did perineural invasion (PNI) [RR 2.04 (1.77-2.34), p<0.00001], poorly differentiated tumors [RR 1.97 (1.61-2.42), p<0.00001], lymphovascular invasion (LVI) [RR 2.43 (2.12-2.78), p<0.00001], groups and single pattern of invasion [RR 2.47 (2.11-2.89), p<0.00001], high tumor budding [RR 2.65 (1.99-3.52), p<0.00001], tumor size over 4 cm [RR 1.76 (1.43-2.18), p<0.00001], tumor thickness beyond 4 mm [RR 2.72 (1.91-3.87), p<0.00001], involved or close margin [RR 1.73 (1.29-2.33), p = 0.0003], and T3 and T4 disease [RR 1.98 (1.62-2.41), p <0.00001]. Conclusion Our results confirm the potential usefulness of many histopathological features in predicting LNM and highlight the promising results of others. Many of these parameters are not routinely incorporated into pathologic reports. Future studies must focus on applying these parameters to examine their validity in predicting the need for elective neck treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiq Alqutub
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulsalam Alqutub
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Bakhshwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Mofti
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulafa Alqutub
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameera A Alkhamesi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Nujoom
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almoaidbellah Rammal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin Merdad
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Z Marzouki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Singh P, Somani K, Poduwal S, Singh G. A Study of Histological and Clinical Parameters and Their Correlation With Lymph Node Metastasis and Two-Year Survival in 50 Cases of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 2024; 16:e59045. [PMID: 38800276 PMCID: PMC11128074 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent malignant neoplasms in South Asia and a major public health problem in India. The purpose of the study was to identify correlations among various clinicopathological parameters of OSCC in a tertiary care center in the Eastern Uttar Pradesh population of North India. The study is imperative due to the scarcity of available data from this region. METHODOLOGY A retrospective observational study was conducted on the cases received in the Department of Pathology over the period of January 2021 to December 2021. The study analyzed cases of OSCC, focusing on various factors such as age, gender, habits, tumor site, tumor size, differentiation, tumor-stroma ratio, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumor budding, worst pattern of invasion, depth of invasion, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, underlying bone and overlying skin involvement, regional lymph node metastasis, and overall two-year survival. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 47.80 ± 12.48 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 15.6:1. Buccal mucosa was the most frequently affected site followed by the tongue. Fifty-six percent of cases reported with a history of tobacco abuse. Thirty-six percent of the patients had regional lymph node metastasis and exhibited a strong association with younger age, substance abuse, higher tumor size, tongue as a site, moderate-to-poor tumor differentiation, low tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and higher perineural and lymphovascular invasion. Moreover, at the end of the two-year survival analysis, 34% of patients succumbed to the disease. Overall survival was observed to be significantly better with <2 cm maximum tumor size, well-differentiated tumor morphology, higher tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and no nodal metastasis. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the intricate correlations of various histopathological factors in OSCC, shedding light on their potential implications for prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pretty Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Apollomedics Superspeciality Hospital, Lucknow, IND
| | - Kavita Somani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Apollomedics Superspeciality Hospital, Lucknow, IND
| | - Sujatha Poduwal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Apollomedics Superspeciality Hospital, Lucknow, IND
| | - Garima Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Apollomedics Superspeciality Hospital, Lucknow, IND
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Bhuyan G, Hazarika P, Rabha AM. Evaluation of the significance of tumor stromal patterns and peri-tumoral inflammation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with special reference to the Yamamoto-Kohama classification. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2024; 67:340-348. [PMID: 38427768 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_426_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide with 878,348 new cases. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the predominant cell type in tumor stroma and are important promoters of tumor progression. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the pattern of desmoplastic stromal reaction and peri-tumoral inflammatory infiltrate with the histological grade and clinical data. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 cases of HNSCC were included in the study. The hematoxylin and eosin (H and E)-stained sections from all cases were examined by two experienced pathologists for the grade, nature of stomal reaction (SR), peri-tumoral inflammatory infiltration, Yamamoto-Kohama classification grade, worst pattern of invasion (WPOI), depth of invasion (DOI), and other histopathological parameters. Correlation analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test. P- value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Immature SR was not observed in any of the well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cases. However, one (3.7%) case of moderately differentiated SCC and two (28.6%) cases of poorly differentiated SCC showed signs of immature SR. In the case of the higher grades of the YK classification, specifically grades 4C and 4D, a more profound depth of tumor cell invasion, equal to or exceeding 10 mm, was evident in six (66.67%) and two (28.57%) cases, respectively. Additionally, among the seven (11.7%) cases classified as poorly differentiated carcinoma, three (42.85%) displayed a WPOI score of 5. CONCLUSION SR and the tumor invasive pattern in HNSCC are related to prognosis and may indicate tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geet Bhuyan
- Department of Pathology, Jorhat Medical College and Hospital, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Prabir Hazarika
- Department of Pathology, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Anju M Rabha
- Department of Pathology, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Jorhat, Assam, India
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Zanoletti E, Daloiso A, Nicolè L, Cazzador D, Mondello T, Franz L, Astolfi L, Marioni G. Tumor budding to investigate local invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of head and neck carcinoma: A systematic review. Head Neck 2024; 46:651-671. [PMID: 38013617 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is to shed light on the role of tumor budding (TB) in the biology, behavior, and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A search was run in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases following PRISMA guidelines. After full-text screening and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, 36 articles were included. Several investigations support the prognostic role of TB, which might play a role in selecting rational treatment strategies. To achieve this goal, further research is needed for greater standardization in TB quantification. Although TB is not included as a negative prognostic factor in the current management guidelines, it might be reasonable to consider a closer follow-up for HNSCC cases with high histopathological evidence of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Zanoletti
- Otolaryngology Section, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Daloiso
- Otolaryngology Section, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Nicolè
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, Ospedale dell'Angelo, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Diego Cazzador
- Otolaryngology Section, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tiziana Mondello
- Otolaryngology Section, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Franz
- Phoniatrics and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Treviso, Italy
| | - Laura Astolfi
- Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gino Marioni
- Phoniatrics and Audiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Treviso, Italy
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Chang YM, Lee CC. Stromal categorization of recurrent oral cancer after salvage surgery is associated with survival rates. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:108009. [PMID: 38342040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent oral cancer incurred grave outcome. Tumor microenvironment features, like tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or tumor stromal ratio (TSR) had prognostic significance in various cancers. We aimed to evaluate the impact of stromal categorization which incorporated the stromal TILs and TSR on survival outcomes in recurrent oral cancer. METHODS 162 patients who received surgery-based treatment between 2010 and 2020 were recruited. Outcomes were 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). The impact of stromal categorization of recurrent primary tumor or node on 5-year OS and DSS were assessed with the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis was performed, incorporating variables at initial treatment and salvage surgery. Patients were further categorized using a survival decision tree. RESULTS Mean age was 56.1 (SD, 11.3) years; 153 patients (94.4%) were male; 51 patients (31.5%) had stromal category III. Local recurrence occurred in 94 patients (58%), regional recurrence in 55 (34%), and loco-regional recurrence in 13 (8%). Patients with stromal category III had poorer 5-year OS and DSS. Prior radiotherapy, advanced recurrent stage, positive surgical margin, and stromal category III were independent prognosticators for 5-year OS and DSS. In survival decision tree analysis, patients with prior radiotherapy and stromal category III had the worst outcomes. CONCLUSION Stromal categorization is associated with outcomes in recurrent oral cancer. Patients with poor prognosticators, such as stromal categorization III, prior radiation, and advanced stage may require closer follow-up and intensive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Tri-service General Hospital and the Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang Ming Chao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Dongre HN, Elnour R, Tornaas S, Fromreide S, Thomsen LCV, Kolseth IBM, Nginamau ES, Johannessen AC, Vintermyr OK, Costea DE, Bjørge L. TP53 mutation and human papilloma virus status as independent prognostic factors in a Norwegian cohort of vulva squamous cell carcinoma. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:165-175. [PMID: 37840151 PMCID: PMC10755123 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vulva squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) develops through two separate molecular pathways-one involving high-risk human papilloma virus infection (HPV-associated), and the other without HPV infection (HPV-independent) often involving TP53 mutation. HPV-associated VSCC generally has a better progression-free survival than HPV-independent VSCC. The aim of this study was to determine TP53 mutation status using immunohistochemistry, compare different methods of HPV detection and correlate both with survival in a retrospective cohort of 123 patients with VSCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry for p53, Ki67 and p16INK4A (a surrogate marker for HPV infection) was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from a cohort of surgically treated VSCC patients to identify molecular subtypes of VSCC. Presence of HPV infection was detected by HPV DNA PCR and HPV mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH). The Pearson chi-square test and multivariable Cox regression model were used to investigate the association of different parameters with progression-free survival and disease-specific survival (DSS), and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to show the association of different parameters with survival. RESULTS The results of p53 and p16INK4A immunohistochemistry confirmed three VSCC subtypes associated with different prognosis. The TP53 mutation status was identified as an independent prognostic factor of worse progression-free survival (p = 0.024) after adjustment for FIGO stage. p16INK4A immunohistochemistry, mRNA ISH, and DNA PCR had excellent concordance in terms of HPV detection. According to the multivariable Cox regression model, the presence of hrHPV mRNA correlated significantly with increased progression-free survival (p = 0.040) and DSS (p = 0.045), after adjustment for other confounders. CONCLUSIONS p53 and p16INK4A immunohistochemistry stratify VSCC cohort into three subtypes with TP53mutated patients having the worst prognosis. The detection of hrHPV mRNA by ISH was an independent predictor of increased survival. Thus, the combined detection of p53 and HPV mRNA might improve risk stratification in VSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Nitin Dongre
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO and Gade Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Rammah Elnour
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO and Gade Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Stian Tornaas
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO and Gade Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Siren Fromreide
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO and Gade Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Liv Cecilie Vestrheim Thomsen
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical ScienceUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | | | | | - Anne Christine Johannessen
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO and Gade Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory ClinicHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Olav Karsten Vintermyr
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO and Gade Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory ClinicHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Daniela Elena Costea
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO and Gade Laboratory of Pathology, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory ClinicHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Line Bjørge
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical ScienceUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
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Mitha M, Aden D, Zaheer S, Alvi Y, Chintamani. Role of tumor budding and fibrotic cancer stroma in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155052. [PMID: 38176309 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive cancer with an increased frequency of lymph node metastasis at the time of presentation. Tumour budding, characterised by the presence of a single cell or a small grouping of tumour cells (a cluster containing fewer than five malignant cells) at the invasive front and composition of the fibrotic cancer stroma has been demonstrated to have a growing impact on the behaviour of the solid tumour. However exact role played by them is yet to be defined and a standardized scoring system needs to be incorporated. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 45 histopathologically confirmed cases of HNSCC were included in the study. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining (H&E staining), and immunohistochemistry for CK and alpha-SMA were applied to study the tumour budding and fibrotic cancer stroma in all HNSCC cases. The tumour budding was graded as, Grade 1: 0-4 tumour buds, Grade 2: 5-9 buds and Grade 3: ≥ 10 buds and the nature of fibrotic cancer stroma was categorized as mature, intermediate or immature. RESULTS Among 45 cases analyzed, well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (WDSCC; Grade 1) accounted for 42.22% (19 cases), whereas moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (MDSCC; Grade 2) and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (PDSCC; Grade 3) comprised 48.89% (22 cases) and 8.89% (4 cases) respectively. Tumour budding showed instances of 0-4 buds in 33.3% (Grade 1), 5-9 buds in 48.9% (Grade 2), and ≥ 10 buds in 17.8% of cases. Evaluating tumour stroma, Intermediate stroma led at 51.1%, Mature at 37.8%, and 11.1% displayed Immature stroma. Histologically, < 5 buds were seen in 47.4% of Grade 1 cases, while ≥ 10 buds were in 75.0% of Grade 3 cases, proven statistically significant (p = 0.021). However, an association between T&N Stage and tumour budding lacked significance. WDSCC notably had more mature stroma than MDSCC and PDSCC, whereas MDSCC showed higher rates of intermediate and immature stroma (p < 0.001). Comparatively, no significant correlation existed between fibrotic stroma and tumour budding (p = 0.076). Also, fibrotic stroma was compared with tumour budding, however, no significant correlation was found (p = 0.076) CONCLUSION: This study reveals a significant link between tumour budding, cancer stroma, and WHO tumour grade. Thus, evaluating these factors in HNSCC cases can serve as valuable histological prognostic indicators, aiding in treatment planning and prognosis assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Mitha
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Durre Aden
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sufian Zaheer
- Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | - Yasir Alvi
- Department of Community Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research New Delhi, India
| | - Chintamani
- Department of Surgery, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Mishra H, Singh S, Mishra R, Pandey A, Mandal A, Prakash E, Patel G, Shah M, Singh TB. Evaluation of survival outcome and prognostic factors for oral cavity cancer treated with volumetric arc therapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16983-16992. [PMID: 37740764 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the survival outcomes and identify prognostic factors for patients with oral cavity cancer (OCC) who underwent adjuvant treatment with volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) using simultaneous integrated boost (SIB). METHODS Data was collected for post-operated patients of carcinoma of oral cavity who received adjuvant VMAT with SIB between June 2018 and December 2022. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. Survival rates were estimated using Kaplan Meier method. To determine survival difference between the groups, log rank test was used. Multivariate analyses were performed with Cox proportional hazard model and p value < 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS A total of 178 patients were included in the study. The median follow-up period was 26 months (range 3-56 months). The 3-year OS, DFS, and LRC rates were 78% (95% CI 77-79%), 76% (95% CI 74-77%), and 81% (95% CI 80-82%), respectively. Univariate analysis identified age ≥ 50 years, lymph node involvement, extracapsular extension (ECE), and N2-N3 disease as significant adverse prognostic factors for OS, DFS, and LRC. Multivariate analysis confirmed age ≥ 50 years and nodal involvement as independent predictors of worse OS, DFS, and LRC. Additionally, ECE independently affected OS and DFS. CONCLUSION Adjuvant treatment with VMAT using SIBin patients with OCC is effective. Age and nodal involvement had significant impact on LRC, DFSand OS while ECE on DFSand OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Mishra
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Shreya Singh
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Ritusha Mishra
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
| | - Ankita Pandey
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Abhijit Mandal
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Ekta Prakash
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Ganeshkumar Patel
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Manav Shah
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Tej Bali Singh
- N.M.H.P., Centre of Excellence, Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
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Lopes DGDF, Patricio ÉF, Assis NMSP, Coutinho-Camillo CM, Alves FDA, Kowalski LP, Jähn-Rickert K, Busse B, Rabelo GD. Cortical microarchitecture and remodeling-associated gene expression related to oral cancer prognosis. Braz Oral Res 2023; 37:e109. [PMID: 37970929 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the remodeling-associated gene expression in the mandible of patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), investigating the cortical microarchitecture, and their influence on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates. A total of twenty-four patients who underwent mandibulectomy for OSCC treatment had two bone fragments harvested from the mandible for gene expression (RANK, RANKL, OPG, and SOST), and microarchitecture analysis, including bone volume, surface, mineral density, degree of anisotropy, and fractal dimension. The prognosis of the patients was assessed. The results revealed that RANK, RANKL, and SOST were predominantly downregulated, while OPG was completely downregulated. Tumors located adjacent to the posterior region of the mandible (p = 0.02), with a bone mineral density below 1.03 g/cm3 HA (p = 0.001), and a bone volume less than 86.47% (p = 0.03) were associated with poor outcomes. In conclusion, bone-remodeling-associated genes exhibited downregulation in the cortex of the mandible in OSCC patients. Additionally, the tumor's location within the mandible, bone volume, and cortical bone mineral density were identified as factors impacting DFS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, Department of Stomatology, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Katharina Jähn-Rickert
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Heisenberg Research Group, Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, Bioengineering and Medical Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Busse
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Heisenberg Research Group, Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, Bioengineering and Medical Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gustavo Davi Rabelo
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Department of Dentistry, Florianópolis, sc, Brazil
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Wang N, Lin Y, Song H, Huang W, Huang J, Shen L, Chen F, Liu F, Wang J, Qiu Y, Shi B, Lin L, He B. Development and validation of a model for the prediction of disease-specific survival in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: based on random survival forest analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:5049-5057. [PMID: 37535081 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a model for predicting the disease-specific survival (DSS) of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS Patients diagnosed with OSCC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were enrolled and randomly divided into development (n = 14,495) and internal validation cohort (n = 9625). Additionally, a cohort from a hospital located in Southeastern China was utilized for external validation (n = 582). RESULTS TNM stage, adjuvant treatment, surgery, tumor sites, age, grade, and gender were used for RSF model construction based on the development cohort. The effectiveness of the model was confirmed through time-dependent ROC curves in different cohorts. The risk score exhibited an almost exponential increase in the hazard ratio of death due to OSCC. In development, internal, and external validation cohorts, the prognosis was significantly worse for patients in groups with higher risk scores (all log-rank P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Based on RSF, a high-performance prediction model for OSCC prognosis was created and verified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Yulan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Haoyuan Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Weihai Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Jingyao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Liling Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Fa Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Fengqiong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory Center, The Major Subject of Environment and Health of Fujian Key Universities, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lisong Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Baochang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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19
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Patel P, Singhal PM, Lakhera KK, Chatterjee A, Babu A, Singh S, Sharma S, Gora BS, Agarwal NK. Predicting recurrence in oral cavity cancers: a review of 116 patients with buccal mucosa carcinoma in northwestern India. Arch Craniofac Surg 2023; 24:211-217. [PMID: 37919907 PMCID: PMC10622949 DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2023.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cavity cancers, the second most common type in India, are responsible for 10% of the overall cancer burden. With a recurrence rate of 30% to 40% and a 5-year survival rate of 50%, these malignancies account for substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in treatment modalities, survival rates following treatment completion have not improved significantly. The present study aimed to establish specific epidemiological and pathological factors responsible for recurrence after treatment completion in buccal mucosa cancers. METHODS A retrospective analysis of the data of 116 patients treated for biopsy-proven cancers of the buccal mucosa was undertaken 1 year after treatment completion. Factors such as age, sex, education, lymphovascular invasion, extranodal extension (ENE), perineural invasion, depth of invasion, and pathological margin status were compared between patients who presented with recurrence and those who did not. Statistical significance was set at p< 0.05. RESULTS Of the 116 patients, 40 (34.5%) developed a recurrent disease within 1 year. The mean age of the study population was 43.3 years, and males constituted 91.4% of the included patients. Ipsilateral buccal mucosa was the commonest site of disease recurrence. Neck node metastasis, ENE, and margins of resection < 5 mm were significantly related to the recurrence of disease. However, surprisingly, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and depth of invasion > 10 mm did not show statistically significant associations. CONCLUSION Neck node metastasis, ENE, and margins of resection < 5 mm were the histopathological factors associated with recurrence in cancers of the buccal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinakin Patel
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, India
| | | | | | | | - Agil Babu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, India
| | - Suresh Singh
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, India
| | - Shubhra Sharma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, India
| | | | - Naina Kumar Agarwal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, India
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20
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Xu K, Dai X, Yue J. m 6A methyltransferase KIAA1429 accelerates oral squamous cell carcinoma via regulating glycolysis and ferroptosis. Transl Oncol 2023; 36:101745. [PMID: 37517144 PMCID: PMC10407427 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification acts as the most prevalent modification on eukaryotic RNA, and its function on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still unclear. Here, the present research aimed to explore the novel function of m6A methyltransferase KIAA1429 in OSCC. Results illustrated that KIAA1429 up-regulated in the OSCC samples and cells. Gain/loss functional assays demonstrated that KIAA1429 repressed the ferroptosis of OSCC. Moreover, KIAA1429 positively accelerated the aerobic glycolysis of OSCC, including glucose uptake, lactate production, ATP level and ECAR. Mechanistically, KIAA1429 could install the m6A modification on the PGK1 mRNA, thereby up-regulating the methylated m6A level. Moreover, m6A reader YTHDF1 recognized the m6A modification site of PGK1 mRNA and enhanced its mRNA stability. Thus, KIAA1429 promoted the OSCC aerobic glycolysis and inhibited the ferroptosis of OSCC through YTHDF1-mediated PGK1 mRNA stability. Taken together, these findings reveal a novel insight for KIAA1429 on OSCC via m6A-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Stomatology Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Dai
- Department of Stomatology Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, China
| | - Jincheng Yue
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated TCM-WM Hebei, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, China
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21
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Chiesa-Estomba CM, Thompson L, Agaimy A, Zidar N, Simpson RHW, Franchi A, Rodrigo JP, Mäkitie AA, Almangush A, Leivo I, Ferlito A. Predictive value of tumor budding in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: an update. Virchows Arch 2023; 483:441-449. [PMID: 37642731 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03630-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma forms an anatomically and functionally complex group of malignancies. The significant local aggressiveness and frequent regional relapses motivate ongoing research to identify more reliable and sensitive prognostic and predictive biomarkers. One emerging area of cancer biology is the evaluation of tumor budding at the advancing invasive front of various types of epithelial cancers. Recent studies suggest that tumor budding is a relatively common phenomenon in cancer progression and that it may have important prognostic implications for patients due to its potential to provide valuable insights into the biology and clinical behavior of head and neck cancer. In this review, we aim to provide information about tumor budding in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Thus, we hope to shed light on the complex biology of these malignancies, as well as aiding diagnostic, classification, and better characterization and thereby, looking for new avenues for improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M Chiesa-Estomba
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Osakidetza, Donostia University Hospital, Biodonostia Research Institute, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain.
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Deusto University, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Lester Thompson
- Head and Neck Pathology Consultations, Woodland Hills, CA, 91364, USA
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institut Für Pathologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nina Zidar
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Alessandro Franchi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Juan P Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Antti A Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Program in Systems Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alhadi Almangush
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilmo Leivo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck, Scientific Group, Padua, Italy
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22
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Feitosa SG, de Oliveira RV, Bezerra TMM, Chaves FN, Viana KF, de Oliveira DFG, Pereira KMA. Tumor Budding and Poor Prognosis in Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:2565-2573. [PMID: 37642041 PMCID: PMC10685247 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.8.2565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor budding (TB) has been investigated in several types of solid tumors. In oral cancer, studies show its association with survival. However, for its implementation in routine histological analyses, results with a high certainty of evidence are needed. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to explore the association between tumor budding and overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and disease-free survival (DFS) in oral cancer. METHODS A search was performed in Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Livivo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. We adopted the following inclusion criteria: studies that evaluate tumor budding in oral cancer, that investigate survival, and presenting cohort design. We excluded reviews and studies without hazard-ratio (HR) data. RESULTS This systematic review included 22 studies and showed an association between TB and survival. High-grade TB is associated with a worse OS in univariate analysis (HR = 3.11; 95% CI: 2.06-4.69, p<0.01) and multivariate analysis (HR = 2.62; 95% CI: 1.64-4.20, p<0.01); with a poorer DSS in univariate (HR = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.94-3.03, p<0.01) and multivariate analysis (HR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.43-2.83, p< 0.01); and with a worse DFS in univariate (HR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.44-2.62, p<0.01) and multivariate analysis (HR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.31-3.53, p< 0.01). Sensitivity analysis showed that the results are robust, and no significant publication bias was identified in univariate analysis for DFS (Egger's test: p = 0.94). The certainty of the evidence was graded as low or very low. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that TB is an independent prognostic factor of OS, DSS, and DFS in oral cancer. However, further studies are needed to increase the certainty of the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sthefane Gomes Feitosa
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Vidal de Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Thâmara Manoela Marinho Bezerra
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Filipe Nobre Chaves
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará Campus Sobral, Sobral, Brazil.
| | - Khalil Fernandes Viana
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | | | - Karuza Maria Alves Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
- Department of Morphology, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
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23
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Tan A, Taskin T. Tumor Budding Should Be in Oral Cavity Cancer Reporting: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3905. [PMID: 37568721 PMCID: PMC10416929 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The utility of histological grading, which is useful in predicting prognosis in many tumors, is controversial for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Therefore, new histopathological parameters should be added to histopathology reports of OSCCs. The study aimed to evaluate the parameters of worst invasion pattern (WPOI) and tumor budding in patients with OSCC, to compare them with other histopathological parameters, clinical data and overall survival, and to evaluate these results within the literature. A total of 73 OSCC cases with excisional biopsies were included in this study. WPOI, tumor budding, cell nest size, tumor-stroma ratio, stromal lymphocyte infiltration and stroma type, as well as classical histopathological parameters, were evaluated on hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections. Perineural invasion, lymph node metastases, advanced stage, presence of more than five buds and single cell invasion pattern in univariate survival analyses are characterized by a shortened overall survival time. While there was no significant difference between WPOI results and survival in the survival analysis, WPOI 5 was associated with more frequent lymph node metastasis and advanced stage at the time of diagnosis compared to WPOI 4. We concluded that tumor budding and single-cell invasion should be considered prognostic histopathologic parameters in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Tan
- Department of Pathology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa 45030, Turkey
| | - Toros Taskin
- Department of Pathology, Agri Training and Research Hospital, Agri 04200, Turkey
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24
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Stögbauer F, Geß B, Brambs C, Lautizi M, Kacprowski T, Ourailidis I, Bronger H, Kiechle M, Noske A, Keller G, Jesinghaus M, Poremba C, Weichert W, Boxberg M. Independent Tissue-Based Biomarkers in Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: Tumor Budding in Microsatellite Instability and WHO Grading in Copy-Number-Low Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3832. [PMID: 37568650 PMCID: PMC10416921 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular characterization of endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinomas has provided major advances in its prognostic stratification. However, risk assessment of microsatellite instability (MSI) and copy-number (CN)-low cases remains a challenge. Thus, we aimed to identify tissue-based morphologic biomarkers that might help in the prognostic stratification of these cases. Histomorphologic parameters (WHO grading, tumor budding (TB), tumor-stroma ratio (as a quantitative description of stromal desmoplasia), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), "microcystic, elongated, fragmented" (MELF) pattern) were analyzed in resection specimens of the TCGA-UCEC cohort (n = 228). For each quantitative parameter, a two-tiered system was developed utilizing systematically determined cutoffs. Associations with survival outcomes were calculated in univariate and multivariate analysis and validated in two independent cohorts. In MSI tumors, only TB remained an independent prognostic factor. TB (≥3 buds/high-power field) was associated with inferior outcomes and with lymph node metastases. The prognostic significance of TB was confirmed in two validation cohorts. For CN-low tumors, established grading defined by the WHO was independently prognostic with inferior outcomes for high-grade tumors. The evaluation of TB might help in identifying MSI-patients with unfavorable prognosis who, e.g., could benefit from lymphadenectomy. WHO-based grading facilitates independent prognostic stratification of CN-low endometrioid adenocarcinomas. Therefore, we propose the utilization of TB and WHO-based grading, two tissue-based and easy-to-assess biomarkers, in MSI/CN-low endometrial carcinomas for improved clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Stögbauer
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (F.S.); (M.L.); (A.N.); (G.K.); (W.W.)
| | - Barbara Geß
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (B.G.); (H.B.)
| | - Christine Brambs
- Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, 6000 Lucerne, Switzerland;
| | - Manuela Lautizi
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (F.S.); (M.L.); (A.N.); (G.K.); (W.W.)
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Division Data Science in Biomedicine, Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics, TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, 38106 Brunswick, Germany;
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), 38106 Brunswick, Germany
| | - Iordanis Ourailidis
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Holger Bronger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (B.G.); (H.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Marion Kiechle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (B.G.); (H.B.)
| | - Aurelia Noske
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (F.S.); (M.L.); (A.N.); (G.K.); (W.W.)
| | - Gisela Keller
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (F.S.); (M.L.); (A.N.); (G.K.); (W.W.)
| | - Moritz Jesinghaus
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | | | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (F.S.); (M.L.); (A.N.); (G.K.); (W.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Boxberg
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany; (F.S.); (M.L.); (A.N.); (G.K.); (W.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Pathologie München-Nord, 80992 Munich, Germany;
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25
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Gupta V, Ramalingam K, Yasothkumar D, Debnath D, Sundar V. Ki-67 Expression as a Prognostic Marker: A Comparative Immunohistochemical Analysis of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 2023; 15:e38941. [PMID: 37313057 PMCID: PMC10259728 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral dysplasia is a frequent precancerous condition that may lead to oral cancer. The histopathologic abnormalities exhibited in a chronic, progressive, and premalignant condition of the oral mucosa are referred to as oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). It might show up as erythroplakia, leukoplakia, or leukoerythroplakia. OED is a premalignancy histologic marker that predicts a higher likelihood of squamous cell carcinoma development. Aims and objectives The aim of this study is to identify an association between Ki-67 protein expression and histological grading of OED and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to compare the expression of Ki-67 in different grades of OED and OSCC with the prognosis. Materials and methods The current retrospective research is focused on evaluating epithelial dysplasia and analyzing the function of Ki-67 as a prognostic marker after receiving institutional ethical approval. Group I - normal oral mucosa (NOM), Group II - OED, and Group III - OSCC were included in the study. For statistical analysis, SPSS Statistics version 21.0 (IBM Corp. Released 2021. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 28.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) was utilized. The Cox regression model was employed to look at interactions between various prognostic variables. At p<0.05, differences were deemed statistically significant. Results Ki-67 expression was confined to the basal layers in the normal oral epithelium and in the basal, suprabasal, and spinous layers in OED. Ki-67 positive cells were mostly found on the perimeter of well, moderate, and poorly differentiated OSCC tumor nests with Ki-67 positive cells scattered throughout OSCC. According to statistical analysis, there is a substantial difference in expression between OED and NOM, OSCC and NOM, and OED and OSCC. Conclusion Our study showed that there is a progressive increase in Ki-67 expression across various grades of OED, and the highest expression was noted in OSCC. Early identification and prompt treatment will help in improving the quality of life of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Gupta
- Oral Pathology, Maharaj Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sri Ganganagar, IND
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Dinesh Yasothkumar
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Diptakshi Debnath
- Oral Pathology, Maharaj Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sri Ganganagar, IND
| | - Vinay Sundar
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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26
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da Dolens ES, de Morais EF, Paranaíba LMR, Rangel ALCA, Almangush A, Salo T, Brennan PA, Coletta RD. Prognostic significance of the neural invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2023. [PMID: 36850021 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although nerve involvement can predict recurrence and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinomas, there still have controversies and limitations regarding the standardization for its detection. In this study, we explore the impact of neural invasion in oral squamous cell carcinomas prognosis, comparing intraneural invasion (tumor cells inside nerve structure) and perineural invasion (cells involving the nerve, but not invading its sheath). METHODS Surgical slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin from 235 patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas were carefully verified for the presence of intraneural invasion and perineural invasion. The location in the tumor (intratumoral vs. peritumoral) and number of foci (unifocal or multifocal) were also explored. Survival analyses for cancer-specific survival and disease-free survival were performed with Cox proportional model. RESULTS Neural invasion was identified in 74 cases, 64.9% displayed intraneural invasion and 35.1% displayed perineural invasion. Univariate analysis revealed a significantly poorer cancer-specific survival, but not disease-free survival, in patients with intraneural invasion, in contrast to cases with perineural invasion that did not achieve significant association with both cancer-specific survival and disease-free survival. Further analyses revealed that the location in the tumor and number of foci had little impact on discriminatory ability of intraneural invasion. Multivariate analysis confirmed that intraneural invasion is significantly and independently associated with poor cancer-specific survival (hazard ratio: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.31-3.79, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that intraneural invasion, but not perineural invasion, is a relevant predictor of survival in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas, suggesting that its association with other clinical and pathological prognostic factors should be consider in determining the optimal treatment protocol and prognosis of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eder Silva da Dolens
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.,University of Western Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | | | - Lívia Máris Ribeiro Paranaíba
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | | | - Alhadi Almangush
- Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Unit of Popular Health, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peter A Brennan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.,Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Okuyama K, Suzuki K, Yanamoto S. Relationship between Tumor Budding and Partial Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041111. [PMID: 36831453 PMCID: PMC9953904 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor budding (TB), a microscopic finding in the stroma ahead of the invasive fronts of tumors, has been well investigated and reported as a prognostic marker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial step in tumor progression and metastasis, and its status cannot be distinguished from TB. The current understanding of partial EMT (p-EMT), the so-called halfway step of EMT, focuses on the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although this evidence has been investigated, the clinicopathological and biological relationship between TB and p-EMT remains debatable. At the invasion front, previous research suggested that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are important for tumor progression, metastasis, p-EMT, and TB formation in the TME. Although there is biological evidence of TB drivers, no report has focused on their organized functional relationships. Understanding the mechanism of TB onset and the relationship between p-EMTs may facilitate the development of novel diagnostic and prognostic methods, and targeted therapies for the prevention of metastasis in epithelial cancer. Thus far, major pieces of evidence have been established from colorectal cancer (CRC), due to a large number of patients with the disease. Herein, we review the current understanding of p-EMT and TME dynamics and discuss the relationship between TB development and p-EMT, focusing on CAFs, hypoxia, tumor-associated macrophages, laminin-integrin crosstalk, membrane stiffness, enzymes, and viral infections in cancers, and clarify the gap of evidence between HNSCC and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Okuyama
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 North University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, 1600 Huron Pathway, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
- Correspondence: or
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Souichi Yanamoto
- Department of Oral Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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Cui Y, Liu J, Liu L, Ma X, Gui Y, Liu H, Zhao W. m 6A-modified circFOXK2 targets GLUT1 to accelerate oral squamous cell carcinoma aerobic glycolysis. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:163-171. [PMID: 36127411 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00526-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant nucleotide modification in mRNA, and its emerging roles have been gradually identified. However, the potential function of m6A and m6A-modified circular RNA (circRNA) is still unclear. Here, m6A-circRNA epitranscriptomic microarray analysis revealed a high-expressed m6A-modified circFOXK2 (hsa_circ_0000816, from FOXK2 gene) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). For the biofunctions of OSCC, results revealed that circFOXK2 promoted the malignant phenotypes of OSCC cells. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-Seq) demonstrated that a remarkable m6A modified site was installed on glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) mRNA. Mechanistically, circFOXK2 promoted the GLUT1 mRNA stability through cooperating with insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) in a m6A-dependent manner. In summary, the present study explored the oncogenic role of m6A-modified circFOXK2 in OSCC through the m6A-dependent IGF2BP3/GLUT1 axis, indicating a potential therapeutic target for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Cui
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Hospital of Stomatology, NanKai University, 300041, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaozhou Ma
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Gui
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Hospital of Stomatology, NanKai University, 300041, Tianjin, China.
| | - Wei Zhao
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070, Tianjin, China.
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Mäkitie AA, Agaimy A, Almangush A. Insight into Classification and Risk Stratification of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Era of Emerging Biomarkers with Focus on Histopathologic Parameters. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5514. [PMID: 36428607 PMCID: PMC9688658 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system is the cornerstone for treatment planning of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Many prognostic biomarkers have been introduced as modifiers to further improve the TNM classification of HNSCC. Here, we provide an overview on the use of the recent prognostic biomarkers, with a focus on histopathologic parameters, in improving the risk stratification of HNSCC and their application in the next generation of HNSCC staging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti A. Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alhadi Almangush
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Faculty of Dentistry, Misurata University, Misurata 2478, Libya
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30
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Su CC, Lin JW, Chang KY, Wu CT, Liu SH, Chang KC, Liu JM, Lee KI, Fang KM, Chen YW. Involvement of AMPKα and MAPK-ERK/-JNK Signals in Docetaxel-Induced Human Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213857. [PMID: 36430348 PMCID: PMC9696237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the oral cavity can develop in the anatomic area extending from the lip, gum, tongue, mouth, and to the palate. Histologically, about 85-90% of oral cavity cancers are of the type squamous cells carcinomas (SCCs). The incidence of oral tongue SCC is higher in the tongue than any other anatomic area of the oral cavity. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of docetaxel, which is a paclitaxel antitumor agent, on the cell growth of a human tongue SCC-derived SAS cell line. The results showed that docetaxel (10-300 nM) induced cytotoxicity and caspase-3 activity in SAS cells. Moreover, docetaxel (100 nM) promoted the expression of apoptosis-related signaling molecules, including the cleavages of caspase-3, caspase-7, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). In mitochondria, docetaxel (100 nM) decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression and increased cytosolic cytochrome c protein expression and Bax mRNA and protein expression. In terms of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, docetaxel increased the expression of phosphorylated (p)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p-AMPKα protein expression but not p-p38 protein expression. Moreover, the increase in caspase-3/-7 activity and Bax protein expression and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression and MMP depolarization observed in docetaxel-treated SAS cells could be reversed by treatment with either SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor), PD98059 (an MEK1/2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2) inhibitor), or compound c (an AMPK inhibitor). The docetaxel-induced increases in p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-AMPKα protein expression could also be reversed by treatment with either SP600125, PD98059, or compound c. These results indicate that docetaxel induces human tongue SCC cell apoptosis via interdependent MAPK-JNK, MAPK-ERK1/2, and AMPKα signaling pathways. Our results show that docetaxel could possibly exert a potent pharmacological effect on human oral tongue SCC cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chuan Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua County, Changhua County 500, Taiwan
| | - Jhe-Wei Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yao Chang
- Department of Emergency, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tien Wu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-I Lee
- Department of Emergency, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Min Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-M.F.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-M.F.); (Y.-W.C.)
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Akamatsu M, Makino T, Morita S, Noda Y, Kariya S, Onoda T, Ando M, Kimata Y, Nishizaki K, Okano M, Oka A, Kanai K, Watanabe Y, Imanishi Y. Midline involvement and perineural invasion predict contralateral neck metastasis that affects overall and disease-free survival in locally advanced oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1010252. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1010252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAlthough patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma who develop contralateral neck metastasis (CLNM) have worse survival outcomes than those without CLNM, accurate prediction of occult CLNM in clinically negative contralateral neck (contralateral cN0) remains difficult. This study aimed to identify clinicopathological factors that could reliably predict CLNM in patients with locally advanced (clinical T3 and T4a) tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC).Patients and methodsThe medical data of 32 patients with cT3–4a TSCC who underwent curative surgery between 2010 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation of clinicopathological variables with CLNM was examined using logistic regression analysis. The diagnostic performance of significant variables was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsCLNM was eventually confirmed in 11 patients (34.4%). Multivariate logistic regression showed that midline involvement [odds ratio (OR) = 23.10, P = 0.017] and perineural invasion (PNI, OR = 14.96, P = 0.014) were independent predictors of CLNM. Notably, the prediction model comprising a combination of midline involvement and PNI exhibited superior diagnostic performance with an even higher OR of 80.00 (P < 0.001), accuracy of 90.3%, and AUC of 0.876. The multivariate Cox hazards model revealed independent significance of CLNM as an unfavorable prognostic factor for both OS [hazard ratio (HR) = 5.154, P = 0.031] and DFS (HR = 3.359, P = 0.038), as well as that of PNI for OS (HR = 5.623, P = 0.033).ConclusionOur findings suggest that coexisting midline involvement and PNI of the primary tumor is highly predictive of CLNM development, which independently affects both OS and DFS in patients with locally advanced TSCC. Such reliable prediction enables efficient control of CLNM by optimizing management of the contralateral cN0 neck, which will likely contribute to improved prognosis of those patients without unnecessarily compromising their quality of life.
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Kim MG, Choi YS, Youn SM, Ko JH, Oh HJ, Lee JH, Park JY, Choi SW. Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in oral tongue cancer: a 20-year retrospective study at the National Cancer Center, South Korea. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 48:192-200. [PMID: 36043249 PMCID: PMC9433855 DOI: 10.5125/jkaoms.2022.48.4.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to analyze the treatment outcomes and to evaluate the clinicopathological prognostic factors of oral tongue cancer. Patients and Methods We retrospectively analyzed treatment results and prognostic factors in 205 patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to the National Cancer Center, South Korea, between January 2001 and December 2020. The patients were treated with surgery and postoperative, definitive radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Results Eighteen patients (8.8%) were treated with curative RT or CRT, while the rest (91.2%) were treated with surgery with or without postoperative RT or CRT. The median follow-up period was 30 months (range, 0-234 months). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) were 72% and 63%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that a positive neck nodal status (N1, N2-3) was significantly associated with poorer 5-year OS and DFS, while perineural invasion was associated with poorer 5-year DFS. Conclusion Cervical metastasis and perineural invasion are significant prognostic predictors, and combination treatments are necessary for improving OS and DFS in patients with these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Gyeong Kim
- Oral Oncology Clinic, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Choi
- Oral Oncology Clinic, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Suk Min Youn
- Oral Oncology Clinic, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jae-Hee Ko
- Oral Oncology Clinic, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Oh
- Oral Oncology Clinic, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Lee
- Oral Oncology Clinic, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Oral Cancer Center, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Yong Park
- Oral Oncology Clinic, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung-Weon Choi
- Oral Oncology Clinic, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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Eichberger J, Weber F, Spanier G, Gerken M, Schreml S, Schulz D, Fiedler M, Ludwig N, Bauer RJ, Reichert TE, Ettl T. Loss of MMP-27 Predicts Mandibular Bone Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14164044. [PMID: 36011038 PMCID: PMC9406335 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14164044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma into the mandible poses significant challenges to head and neck surgery. The resulting need for extensive procedures has a decisive influence on subsequent esthetics and function and therefore also on the patient’s quality of life. The molecular mechanism behind this remains obscure to date. Hence, we investigated the influence of MMP-27, Osteoprotegerin and RANKL, three proteins with importance in bone remodeling. The results showed that tumors exhibited less bone-invasive behavior in the presence of MMP-27. This may be an incentive for further studies to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of mandibular bone invasion in OSCC. Abstract Invasion of the mandibular bone is frequent in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which often results in extensive ablative and reconstructive procedures for the patient. The purpose of this single-center, retrospective study was to identify and evaluate potential biomarkers and risk factors for bone invasion in OSCC. Initially, in silico gene expression analysis was performed for different HNSCC tumor T-stages to find factors associated with invasive (T4a) tumor growth. Afterwards, the protein expression of bone-metabolizing MMP-27, TNFRSF11B (Osteoprotegerin, OPG), and TNFSF11 (RANKL) was investigated via Tissue Microarrays (TMAs) for their impact on mandibular bone invasion. TMAs were assembled from the bone–tumor interface of primary OSCCs of the floor of the mouth and gingiva from 119 patients. Sixty-four carcinomas with patho-histological jaw invasion (pT4a) were compared to 55 carcinomas growing along the mandible without invasion (pT2, pT3). Tissue samples were additionally evaluated for patterns of invasion using the WPOI grading system. Statistical analysis of in silico data revealed decreased MMP-27 mRNA expression to be strongly associated with the pT4a-stage in OSCC, indicating invasive tumor growth with infiltration of adjacent anatomical structures. Our own clinico-pathological data on OSCCs presented a significant decrease of MMP-27 in tumors invading the nearby mandible (pT4a), compared to pT2 and pT3 tumors without bone invasion. Loss of MMP27 evolved as the strongest predictor of mandibular bone invasion in binary logistic regression analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the role of MMP-27 expression in OSCC and demonstrating the importance of the loss of MMP-27 in mandibular bone invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Eichberger
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Center for Medical Biotechnology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Weber
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerrit Spanier
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Gerken
- Tumor Center Regensburg, Institute for Quality Assurance and Health Services Research, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Schreml
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Schulz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Center for Medical Biotechnology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Fiedler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Center for Medical Biotechnology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nils Ludwig
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Center for Medical Biotechnology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Richard Josef Bauer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Center for Medical Biotechnology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Eugen Reichert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Ettl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Adding Concomitant Chemotherapy to Postoperative Radiotherapy in Oral Cavity Carcinoma with Minor Risk Factors: Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153704. [PMID: 35954368 PMCID: PMC9367295 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
When presenting with major pathological risk factors, adjuvant radio-chemotherapy for oral cavity cancers (OCC) is recommended, but the addition of chemotherapy to radiotherapy (POCRT) when only minor pathological risk factors are present is controversial. A systematic review following the PICO-PRISMA methodology (PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42021267498) was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries. Studies assessing outcomes of POCRT in patients with solely minor risk factors (perineural invasion or lymph vascular invasion; pN1 single; DOI ≥ 5 mm; close margin < 2−5 mm; node-positive level IV or V; pT3 or pT4; multiple lymph nodes without ENE) were evaluated. A meta-analysis technique with a single-arm study was performed. Radiotherapy was combined with chemotherapy in all studies. One study only included patients treated with POCRT. In the other 12 studies, patients were treated with only PORT (12,883 patients) and with POCRT (10,663 patients). Among the patients treated with POCRT, the pooled 3 year OS rate was 72.9% (95%CI: 65.5−79.2%); the pooled 3 year DFS was 70.9% (95%CI: 48.8−86.2%); and the pooled LRFS was 69.8% (95%CI: 46.1−86.1%). Results are in favor of POCRT in terms of OS but not significant for DFS and LRFS, probably due to the heterogeneity of the included studies and a combination of different prognostic factors.
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The Emerging Impact of Tumor Budding in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Main Issues and Clinical Relevance of a New Prognostic Marker. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153571. [PMID: 35892830 PMCID: PMC9332070 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor Budding (TB) represents a single cancer cell or a small cluster of less than five cancer cells on the infiltrative tumor front. Accumulating evidence suggests TB is an independent prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, its exact role is not yet elucidated, and a standardized scoring system is still necessary. The study aims to extensively review the literature data regarding the prognostic role of TB in OSCC. The results of TB are an independent prognostic factor of poor survival outcomes in OSCC. To date, the manual detection of hematoxylin and eosin-staining or pancytokeratin-immunostaining sections are the most commonly used methods. Between the several cut-offs, the two-tier system with five buds/field cut-offs provides better risk stratification. The prognostic role of the BD model in predicting survival outcomes was extensively validated; however, the inclusion of DOI, which is already a staging parameter, encouraged other authors to propose other models, integrating TB count with other adverse risk factors, such as the tumor–stroma ratio and tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes. The prognostic relevance of TB in OSCC highlights its evaluation in daily pathological practice. Therefore, the TB detection method and the TB scoring system should be validated based on tumor stage and site.
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Elseragy A, Bello IO, Wahab A, Coletta RD, Mäkitie AA, Leivo I, Almangush A, Salo T. Emerging histopathologic markers in early-stage oral tongue cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck 2022; 44:1481-1491. [PMID: 35229398 PMCID: PMC9545479 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are many histopathologic prognosticators, grading of early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is still based on morphological cell differentiation which has low prognostic value. Here we summarize the emerging histopathological markers showing powerful prognostic value, but are not included in pathology reports. Using PubMed, Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Web of Science databases, a systematic literature search was preformed to identify early OTSCC studies that investigated the prognostic significance of hematoxylin–eosin‐based histopathologic markers. Our meta‐analysis showed that tumor budding was associated with overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 2.32; 95% CI 1.40–3.84; p < 0.01) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) (1.89; 95% CI 1.13–3.15; p = 0.02). Worst pattern of invasion was associated with disease‐free survival (DFS) (1.95; 95% CI 1.04–3.64; p = 0.04). Tumor–stroma ratio was also associated with DFS (1.75, 95% CI 1.24–2.48; p < 0.01) and DSS (1.69; 95% CI 1.19–2.42; p < 0.01). Tumor budding, worst pattern of invasion, and tumor–stroma ratio have a promising prognostic value in early OTSCC. The evaluation and reporting of these markers is cost‐effective and can be incorporated in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Elseragy
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ibrahim O Bello
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awais Wahab
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antti A Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilmo Leivo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Alhadi Almangush
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Dentistry, Misurata University, Misurata, Libya
| | - Tuula Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Yang SY, Li SH, Liu JL, Sun XQ, Cen YY, Ren RY, Ying SC, Chen Y, Zhao ZH, Liao W. Histopathology-Based Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Deep Learning. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1321-1327. [PMID: 35446176 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221089858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is prevalent around the world and is associated with poor prognosis. OSCC is typically diagnosed from tissue biopsy sections by pathologists who rely on their empirical experience. Deep learning models may improve the accuracy and speed of image classification, thus reducing human error and workload. Here we developed a custom-made deep learning model to assist pathologists in detecting OSCC from histopathology images. We collected and analyzed a total of 2,025 images, among which 1,925 images were included in the training set and 100 images were included in the testing set. Our model was able to automatically evaluate these images and arrive at a diagnosis with a sensitivity of 0.98, specificity of 0.92, positive predictive value of 0.924, negative predictive value of 0.978, and F1 score of 0.951. Using a subset of 100 images, we examined whether our model could improve the diagnostic performance of junior and senior pathologists. We found that junior pathologists were able to delineate OSCC in these images 6.26 min faster when assisted by the model than when working alone. When the clinicians were assisted by the model, their average F1 score improved from 0.9221 to 0.9566 in the case of junior pathologists and from 0.9361 to 0.9463 in the case of senior pathologists. Our findings indicate that deep learning can improve the accuracy and speed of OSCC diagnosis from histopathology images.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - S H Li
- National Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Synthetic Vision, College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J L Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - X Q Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Y Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - R Y Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - S C Ying
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Z H Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - W Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Izumi A, Yamamoto K, Kawaguchi M, Yamashita F, Fukushima T, Kiwaki T, Tanaka H, Yamashita Y, Kataoka H. Insufficiency of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 confers lymphatic invasion of tongue carcinoma cells. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2179-2193. [PMID: 35332604 PMCID: PMC9207362 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) activator inhibitor type‐1 (HAI‐1), encoded by the SPINT1 gene, is a transmembrane protease inhibitor that regulates membrane‐anchored serine proteases, particularly matriptase. Here, we explored the role of HAI‐1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells. An immunohistochemical study of HAI‐1 in surgically resected TSCC revealed the cell surface immunoreactivity of HAI‐1 in the main portion of the tumor. The immunoreactivity decreased in the infiltrative front, and this decrease correlated with enhanced lymphatic invasion as judged by podoplanin immunostaining. In vitro homozygous deletion of SPINT1 (HAI‐1KO) in TSCC cell lines (HSC3 and SAS) suppressed the cell growth rate but significantly enhanced invasion in vitro. The loss of HAI‐1 resulted in enhanced pericellular activities of proteases, such as matriptase and urokinase‐type plasminogen activator, which induced activation of HGF/MET signaling in the co‐culture with pro‐HGF‐expressing fibroblasts and plasminogen‐dependent plasmin generation, respectively. The enhanced plasminogen‐dependent plasmin generation was abrogated partly by matriptase silencing. Culture supernatants of HAI‐1KO cells had enhanced potency for converting the proform of vascular endothelial growth factor‐C (VEGF‐C), a lymphangiogenesis factor, into the mature form in a plasminogen‐dependent manner. Furthermore, HGF significantly stimulated VEGF‐C expression in TSCC cells. Orthotopic xenotransplantation into nude mouse tongue revealed enhanced lymphatic invasion of HAI‐1KO TSCC cells compared to control cells. Our results suggest that HAI‐1 insufficiency leads to dysregulated pericellular protease activity, which eventually orchestrates robust activation of protease‐dependent growth factors, such as HGF and VEGF‐C, in a tumor microenvironment to contribute to TSCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Izumi
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Koji Yamamoto
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Makiko Kawaguchi
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Fumiki Yamashita
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fukushima
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takumi Kiwaki
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamashita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kataoka
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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Brennan PA, Dylgjeri F, Coletta RD, Arakeri G, Goodson AM. Review:Surgical Tumour Margins and their Significance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2022; 51:311-314. [PMID: 35080080 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There are many prognostic indicators used to predict tumour recurrence and overall prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Most of these biological factors cannot be directly influenced by clinicians managing these heterogeneous group of tumours. Excision margins can potentially be increased at the time of surgery by including more normal tissue than the commonly accepted 1cm resection distance from the macroscopic tumour edge. However, this can lead to poorer quality of life for patients and does not necessarily address microscopic extensions or dicohesive patterns of tumour growth. Surgical margins can be affected by tissue shrinkage immediately following resection, and the choice of instrument used for surgery. Currently most regard a clear resection margin as being >5mm, a close margin as more than 1mm but less than 5mm, and an involved margin less than 1mm. In this article we provide a brief overview of tumour margins in OSCC, including several recently published large meta-analyses. Based upon these and other studies, there is still conflicting data in the literature about the ideal margin for OSCC. There is a growing body of evidence which suggests a clearance of 1mm might be adequate for some cancers. However, adequacy of resection should be considered along with the many other prognostic indicators of OSCC when the multi-disciplinary team considers further treatment for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Brennan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Flavia Dylgjeri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gururaj Arakeri
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Centre for Academic Research, HCG Cancer Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Navodaya Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - Alexander M Goodson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
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