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Kozlov AV, Javadov S, Sommer N. Cellular ROS and Antioxidants: Physiological and Pathological Role. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:602. [PMID: 38790707 PMCID: PMC11117742 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive oxygen derivatives that include free radicals such as superoxide anion radical (O2•-) and hydroxyl radical (HO•), as well as non-radical molecules hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), peroxynitrite (ONOO-), and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Kozlov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA
| | - Natascha Sommer
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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2
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Spiegel M, Prejanò M, Russo N, Marino T. Primary Antioxidant Power and M pro SARS-CoV-2 Non-Covalent Inhibition Capabilities of Miquelianin. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400079. [PMID: 38415945 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The antioxidant power of quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (miquelianin) has been studied, at the density functional level of theory, in both lipid-like and aqueous environments. In the aqueous phase, the computed pKa equilibria allowed the identification of the neutral and charged species present in solution that can react with the ⋅OOH radical. The Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT), Single Electron Transfer (SET) and Radical Adduct Formation (RAF) mechanisms were considered, and the individual, total and fraction corrected rate constants were obtained. Potential non-covalent inhibition of Mpro from SARS-CoV-2 by miquelianin has been also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Spiegel
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87136, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Mario Prejanò
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87136, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Nino Russo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87136, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Tiziana Marino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, I-87136, Rende (CS), Italy
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3
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Tenchov R, Sasso JM, Wang X, Zhou QA. Antiaging Strategies and Remedies: A Landscape of Research Progress and Promise. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:408-446. [PMID: 38214973 PMCID: PMC10853939 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is typified by a gradual loss of physiological fitness and accumulation of cellular damage, leading to deteriorated functions and enhanced vulnerability to diseases. Antiaging research has a long history throughout civilization, with many efforts put forth to understand and prevent the effects of aging. Multiple strategies aiming to promote healthy aging and extend the lifespan have been developed including lifestyle adjustments, medical treatments, and social programs. A multitude of antiaging medicines and remedies have also been explored. Here, we use data from the CAS Content Collection to analyze the publication landscape of recent research related to antiaging strategies and treatments. We review the recent advances and delineate trends in research headway of antiaging knowledge and practice across time, geography, and development pipelines. We further assess the state-of-the-art antiaging approaches and explore their correlations with age-related diseases. The landscape of antiaging drugs has been outlined and explored. Well-recognized and novel, currently evaluated antiaging agents have also been summarized. Finally, we review clinical applications of antiaging products with their development pipelines. The objective of this review is to summarize current knowledge on preventive strategies and treatment remedies in the field of aging, to outline challenges and evaluate growth opportunities, in order to further efforts to solve the problems that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Janet M. Sasso
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Xinmei Wang
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
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4
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He H, Chen X, Ding Y, Chen X, He X. Composite dietary antioxidant index associated with delayed biological aging: a population-based study. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:15-27. [PMID: 38170244 PMCID: PMC10817368 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the potential correlation between the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and biological aging, addressing the insufficient epidemiological evidence in this area. METHODS Participants meeting eligibility criteria were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) conducted between 2001 and 2018. CDAI was determined based on dietary antioxidants obtained from 24-hour dietary recalls. Biological age was determined using PhenoAge algorithms incorporating various clinical features. Weighted multiple models were employed to investigate and assess the association between CDAI and biological age. RESULTS Analysis of the CDAI quartile revealed disparities in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, educational level, marital status, poverty, dietary calories intakes, smoking, drinking status, BMI, physical activity, and PhenoAge. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, a significant inverse relationship was found between CDAI and Phenotypic Age, with each standard deviation increase in CDAI score correlating with a 0.18-year decrease in Phenotypic Age. These negative correlations between CDAI and PhenoAge advancement were observed regardless of age, gender, physical activity status, smoking status, and body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate a positive relationship between higher CDAI scores and delayed biological aging. These results have significant implications for public health initiatives aimed at promoting healthy aging through dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yiming Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xingkang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou 310016, China
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5
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Ratliffe J, Kataura T, Otten EG, Korolchuk VI. The evolution of selective autophagy as a mechanism of oxidative stress response: The evolutionarily acquired ability of selective autophagy receptors to respond to oxidative stress is beneficial for human longevity. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2300076. [PMID: 37603398 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is associated with a decline in autophagy and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can breach the capacity of antioxidant systems. Resulting oxidative stress can cause further cellular damage, including DNA breaks and protein misfolding. This poses a challenge for longevous organisms, including humans. In this review, we hypothesise that in the course of human evolution selective autophagy receptors (SARs) acquired the ability to sense and respond to localised oxidative stress. We posit that in the vicinity of protein aggregates and dysfunctional mitochondria oxidation of key cysteine residues in SARs induces their oligomerisation which initiates autophagy. The degradation of damaged cellular components thus could reduce ROS production and restore redox homeostasis. This evolutionarily acquired function of SARs may represent one of the biological adaptations that contributed to longer lifespan. Inversely, loss of this mechanism can lead to age-related diseases associated with impaired autophagy and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Ratliffe
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tetsushi Kataura
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Elsje G Otten
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Viktor I Korolchuk
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Pereira JKA, Costa AGC, Rodrigues ESB, Macêdo IYL, Pereira MOA, Menegatti R, de Oliveira SCB, Guimarães F, Lião LM, Sabino JR, de S Gil E. LQFM289: Electrochemical and Computational Studies of a New Trimetozine Analogue for Anxiety Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14575. [PMID: 37834027 PMCID: PMC10572256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study employs electrochemical and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation approaches to investigate the potential of a novel analogue of trimetozine (TMZ) antioxidant profile. The correlation between oxidative stress and psychological disorders indicates that antioxidants may be an effective alternative treatment option. Butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) is a synthetic antioxidant widely used in industry. The BHT-TMZ compound derived from molecular hybridization, known as LQFM289, has shown promising results in early trials, and this study aims to elucidate its electrochemical properties to further support its potential as a therapeutic agent. The electrochemical behavior of LQFM289 was investigated using voltammetry and a mechanism for the redox process was proposed based on the compound's behavior. LQFM289 exhibits two distinct oxidation peaks: the first peak, Ep1a ≈ 0.49, corresponds to the oxidation of the phenolic fraction (BHT), and the second peak, Ep2a ≈ 1.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl/KClsat), denotes the oxidation of the amino group from morpholine. Electroanalysis was used to identify the redox potentials of the compound, providing insight into its reactivity and stability in different environments. A redox mechanism was proposed based on the resulting peak potentials. The DFT calculation elucidates the electronic structure of LQFM289, resembling the precursors of molecular hybridization (BHT and TMZ), which may also dictate the pharmacophoric performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon K A Pereira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-970, Brazil
| | - André G C Costa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-970, Brazil
| | | | - Isaac Y L Macêdo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-970, Brazil
| | - Marx O A Pereira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-970, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-970, Brazil
| | | | - Freddy Guimarães
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-970, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Lião
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-970, Brazil
| | - José R Sabino
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-970, Brazil
| | - Eric de S Gil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74690-970, Brazil
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7
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Ajayi AF, Onaolapo MC, Omole AI, Adeyemi WJ, Oluwole DT. Mechanism associated with changes in male reproductive functions during ageing process. Exp Gerontol 2023; 179:112232. [PMID: 37315721 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a natural process with physiological changes in different body parts and has been associated with decreased reproductive capacity. Factors such as imbalance in the antioxidant defence system, vascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, accessory reproductive glands infection, obesity as well as buildup of toxic substances play a role in age-related male reproductive malfunction. Age is inversely proportional to volume of semen, sperm count, sperm progressive motility, sperm viability, normal sperm morphology. The observed negative correlation between ageing and semen indices contributes to male infertility and reproductive decline. Normal levels of ROS, plays crucial role in facilitating sperm function, such as capacitation, hyper-activation, acrosome reaction as well as sperm-oocyte fusion; however, a substantial elevation in the endogenous level of ROS, especially in reproductive tissues, usually instigates destruction of sperm cells and heightened male infertility. Contrarily, antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and micronutrients like zinc and folate, have been found by researchers to facilitate normal semen quality and male reproductive function. Furthermore, the role of hormonal imbalance as a result of the compromised hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, Sertoli and Leydig cells disorder, and nitric oxide-medicated erectile dysfunction during ageing cannot be undermined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Folorunsho Ajayi
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Anchor Biomed Research Institute, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | | | - Ayomide Isaac Omole
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - David Tolulope Oluwole
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Crescent University, Abeokuta, Ogun-State, Nigeria
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8
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Ariano A, Posa F, Storlino G, Mori G. Molecules Inducing Dental Stem Cells Differentiation and Bone Regeneration: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9897. [PMID: 37373044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Teeth include mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are multipotent cells that promote tooth growth and repair. Dental tissues, specifically the dental pulp and the dental bud, constitute a relevant source of multipotent stem cells, known as dental-derived stem cells (d-DSCs): dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and dental bud stem cells (DBSCs). Cell treatment with bone-associated factors and stimulation with small molecule compounds are, among the available methods, the ones who show excellent advantages promoting stem cell differentiation and osteogenesis. Recently, attention has been paid to studies on natural and non-natural compounds. Many fruits, vegetables, and some drugs contain molecules that can enhance MSC osteogenic differentiation and therefore bone formation. The purpose of this review is to examine research work over the past 10 years that has investigated two different types of MSCs from dental tissues that are attractive targets for bone tissue engineering: DPSCs and DBSCs. The reconstruction of bone defects, in fact, is still a challenge and therefore more research is needed; the articles reviewed are meant to identify compounds useful to stimulate d-DSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. We only consider the results of the research which is encouraging, assuming that the mentioned compounds are of some importance for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Ariano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Posa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Storlino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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Chaudhary P, Janmeda P, Docea AO, Yeskaliyeva B, Abdull Razis AF, Modu B, Calina D, Sharifi-Rad J. Oxidative stress, free radicals and antioxidants: potential crosstalk in the pathophysiology of human diseases. Front Chem 2023; 11:1158198. [PMID: 37234200 PMCID: PMC10206224 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1158198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Free radicals are reactive oxygen species that constantly circulate through the body and occur as a side effect of many reactions that take place in the human body. Under normal conditions, they are removed from the body by antioxidant processes. If these natural mechanisms are disrupted, radicals accumulate in excess and contribute to the development of many diseases. Methodology: Relevant recent information on oxidative stress, free radicals, reactive oxidative species, and natural and synthetic antioxidants was collected by researching electronic databases such as PubMed / Medline, Web of Science, and Science Direct. Results: According to the analysed studies, this comprehensive review provided a recent update on oxidative stress, free radicals and antioxidants and their impact on the pathophysiology of human diseases. Discussion: To counteract the condition of oxidative stress, synthetic antioxidants must be provided from external sources to supplement the antioxidant defense mechanism internally. Because of their therapeutic potential and natural origin, medicinal plants have been reported as the main source of natural antioxidants phytocompounds. Some non-enzymatic phytocompounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and glutathione, along with some vitamins have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activities in vivo and in vitro studies. Thus, the present review describes, in brief, the overview of oxidative stress-directed cellular damage and the unction of dietary antioxidants in the management of different diseases. The therapeutic limitations in correlating the antioxidant activity of foods to human health were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Chaudhary
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University Vanasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pracheta Janmeda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University Vanasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Balakyz Yeskaliyeva
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food` Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Babagana Modu
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
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Orta Yilmaz B, Aydin Y. Dynamic assessment of the relationship between oxidative stress and apoptotic pathway in embryonic fibroblast cells exposed to glycidamide: possible protective role of hesperidin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:53295-53308. [PMID: 36853541 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26108-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide research is being conducted to determine the level of acrylamide (ACR) that humans are exposed to from food and environmental sources. Glycidamide (GA) is an important epoxide metabolite of ACR, and its cytotoxicity is stronger than ACR. In this study, it was aimed to elucidate the effects and underlying mechanisms of GA on the induction of apoptosis in embryonic fibroblast cells. The toxicogenomic profile of GA was studied in terms of both apoptotic and oxidative stress. Embryonic fibroblast cells were exposed to GA (1 and 1000 µM) in the presence and absence of hesperidin (Hes) (20 µM) or vitamin C (VitC) (50 µM) for 24 h. Cell viability, cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, antioxidant enzyme levels and gene expressions, apoptotic, and oxidative stress-related gene expressions were measured in embryonic fibroblast cells. The results showed that GA induced cytotoxicity and diminished the expression levels of apoptotic genes. Furthermore, GA increased the levels of oxidative stress markers and significantly changed the oxidative stress-related gene expression. It has been determined that antioxidant molecules are considerably suppressed in GA-induced toxicity at both gene and enzyme levels. In addition to these results, when VitC, which is known to have strong antioxidant properties in eliminating the toxic effects of GA, is taken as reference, it has been proven that Hes has stronger antioxidant properties compared to VitC. Finally, GA-induced apoptosis in embryonic fibroblast cells is associated with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-dependent oxidative stress and Hes has antioxidant properties with strong effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Orta Yilmaz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yasemin Aydin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tekeli MY, Eraslan G, Bayram LÇ, Aslan C, Çalımlı S. The protective effects of baicalin and chrysin against emamectin benzoate-induced toxicity in Wistar albino rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:53997-54021. [PMID: 36869176 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of baicalin, chrysin and their combinations against emamectin benzoate-induced toxicity in rats. For this purpose, sixty four rats were divided into evenly 8 groups with 6-8-week-old male Wistar albino rats, weighing 180-250 g, in each group. While the first group was kept as a control (corn oil), the remaining 7 groups were administered with emamectin benzoate (10 mg/kg bw), baicalin (50 mg/kg bw) and chrysin (50 mg/kg bw) alone or together for 28 days. Oxidative stress parameters, serum biochemical parameters and blood/tissue (liver, kidney, brain, testis and heart) and tissue histopathology were investigated. Compared to the control group, the emamectin benzoate-intoxicated rats had significantly higher tissue/plasma concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as lower tissue glutathione (GSH) concentrations and antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase/GSH-Px, glutathione reductase/GR, glutathione-S-transferase/GST, superoxide dismutase/SOD, catalase/CAT). Biochemical analysis showed that emamectin benzoate administration significantly increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, as well as triglyceride, cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid and urea levels, and decreased serum total protein and albumin levels. The histopathological examination of the liver, kidney, brain, heart and testis tissues of the emamectin benzoate-intoxicated rats demonstrated necrotic changes. Baicalin and/or chrysin reversed the biochemical and histopathological alterations induced by emamectin benzoate on these tested organs. Therefore, baicalin and chrysin (alone or in combination) could offer protection against emamectin benzoate-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Yasin Tekeli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Eraslan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Latife Çakır Bayram
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Coşkun Aslan
- Derinkuyu Emineana and Yaşar Ertaş Agriculture and Livestock Vocational School, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevşehir, Turkey
| | - Sinem Çalımlı
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Health Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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12
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Bendjedou H, Benamar H, Bennaceur M, Rodrigues MJ, Pereira CG, Trentin R, Custódio L. New Insights into the Phytochemical Profile and Biological Properties of Lycium intricatum Bois. (Solanaceae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:996. [PMID: 36903857 PMCID: PMC10004830 DOI: 10.3390/plants12050996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to boost the valorisation of Lycium intricatum Boiss. L. as a source of high added value bioproducts. For that purpose, leaves and root ethanol extracts and fractions (chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water) were prepared and evaluated for radical scavenging activity (RSA) on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and metal chelating potential against copper and iron ions. Extracts were also appraised for in vitro inhibition of enzymes implicated on the onset of neurological diseases (acetylcholinesterase: AChE and butyrylcholinesterase: BuChE), type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, α-glucosidase), obesity/acne (lipase), and skin hyperpigmentation/food oxidation (tyrosinase). The total content of phenolics (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), and hydrolysable tannins (THTC) was evaluated by colorimetric methods, while the phenolic profile was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, coupled to a diode-array ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV-DAD). Extracts had significant RSA and FRAP, and moderate copper chelation, but no iron chelating capacity. Samples had a higher activity towards α-glucosidase and tyrosinase, especially those from roots, a low capacity to inhibit AChE, and no activity towards BuChE and lipase. The ethyl acetate fraction of roots had the highest TPC and THTC, whereas the ethyl acetate fraction of leaves had the highest flavonoid levels. Gallic, gentisic, ferulic, and trans-cinnamic acids were identified in both organs. The results suggest that L. intricatum is a promising source of bioactive compounds with food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houaria Bendjedou
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Department of Biology, University of Oran1, El M’Naouer, P.O. Box 1524, Oran 31000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Research in Arid Areas, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, P.O. Box 32, Algiers 16111, Algeria
| | - Houari Benamar
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Department of Biology, University of Oran1, El M’Naouer, P.O. Box 1524, Oran 31000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Research in Arid Areas, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, P.O. Box 32, Algiers 16111, Algeria
| | - Malika Bennaceur
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Department of Biology, University of Oran1, El M’Naouer, P.O. Box 1524, Oran 31000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Research in Arid Areas, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, P.O. Box 32, Algiers 16111, Algeria
| | - Maria João Rodrigues
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Catarina Guerreiro Pereira
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Riccardo Trentin
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi, 58/B 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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13
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Cuevas-Cianca SI, Romero-Castillo C, Gálvez-Romero JL, Juárez ZN, Hernández LR. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Edible Plants with Anti-Cancer Activity and Their Potential Use as Drugs. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031488. [PMID: 36771154 PMCID: PMC9920972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Food is our daily companion, performing numerous beneficial functions for our bodies. Many of them can help to alleviate or prevent ailments and diseases. In this review, an extensive bibliographic search is conducted in various databases to update information on unprocessed foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can aid in treating diseases such as cancer. The current state of knowledge on inflammatory processes involving some interleukins and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is reviewed. As well as unprocessed foods, which may help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are important factors in cancer development. Many studies are still needed to take full advantage of the food products we use daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Isabel Cuevas-Cianca
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico
| | - Cristian Romero-Castillo
- Biotechnology Faculty, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - José Luis Gálvez-Romero
- ISSTE Puebla Hospital Regional, Boulevard 14 Sur 4336, Colonia Jardines de San Manuel, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Zaida Nelly Juárez
- Chemistry Area, Deanship of Biological Sciences, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103 Barrio Santiago, Puebla 72410, Mexico
- Correspondence: (Z.N.J.); (L.R.H.)
| | - Luis Ricardo Hernández
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex Hacienda Sta. Catarina Mártir S/N, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Mexico
- Correspondence: (Z.N.J.); (L.R.H.)
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14
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He T, Lykov N, Luo X, Wang H, Du Z, Chen Z, Chen S, Zhu L, Zhao Y, Tzeng C. Protective Effects of Lactobacillus gasseri against High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Fatty Liver and Regulation of Host Gene Expression Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032053. [PMID: 36768377 PMCID: PMC9917166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver is one of the most pervasive liver diseases worldwide. Probiotics play an important role in the progression of liver disease, but their effects on host regulation are poorly understood. This study investigated the protective effects of lactobacillus gasseri (L. gasseri) against high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-induced fatty liver injury using a zebrafish larvae model. Liver pathology, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and hepatic inflammation were evaluated to demonstrate the changes in a spectrum of hepatic injury. Moreover, multiple indexes on host gene expression profiles were comprehensively characterized by RNA screening. The results showed that treatment with L. gasseri ameliorated HCD-induced morphological and histological alterations, lipid regulations, oxidative stress and macrophage aggregation in the liver of zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, the enrichment of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway revealed that the core pathways of L. gasseri regulation were interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathway, the regulation of lipolysis and adipocytes and fatty acid elongation and estrogen signaling. The genes at key junction nodes, hsp90aa1.1, kyat3, hsd17b7, irs2a, myl9b, ptgs2b, cdk21 and papss2a were significantly regulated by L. gasseri administration. To conclude, the current research extends our understanding of the protective effects of L. gasseri against fatty liver and provides potential therapeutic options for fatty liver treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ye Zhao
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (C.T.)
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15
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Mthembu SXH, Orlando P, Silvestri S, Ziqubu K, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Mabhida SE, Nyambuya TM, Nkambule BB, Muller CJF, Basson AK, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Impact of dyslipidemia in the development of cardiovascular complications: Delineating the potential therapeutic role of coenzyme Q 10. Biochimie 2023; 204:33-40. [PMID: 36067903 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This metabolic anomality is implicated in the generation of oxidative stress, an inevitable process involved in destructive mechanisms leading to myocardial damage. Fortunately, commonly used drugs like statins can counteract the detrimental effects of dyslipidemia by lowering cholesterol to reduce CVD-risk in patients with T2D. Statins mainly function by blocking the production of cholesterol by targeting the mevalonate pathway. However, by blocking cholesterol synthesis, statins coincidently inhibit the synthesis of other essential isoprenoid intermediates of the mevalonate pathway like farnesyl pyrophosphate and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). The latter is by far the most important co-factor and co-enzyme required for efficient mitochondrial oxidative capacity, in addition to its robust antioxidant properties. In fact, supplementation with CoQ10 has been found to be beneficial in ameliorating oxidative stress and improving blood flow in subjects with mild dyslipidemia.. Beyond discussing the destructive effects of oxidative stress in dyslipidemia-induced CVD-related complications, the current review brings a unique perspective in exploring the mevalonate pathway to block cholesterol synthesis while enhancing or maintaining CoQ10 levels in conditions of dyslipidemia. Furthermore, this review disscusses the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds in targeting the downstream of the mevalonate pathway, more importantly, their ability to block cholesterol while maintaining CoQ10 biosynthesis to protect against the destructive complications of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinenhlanhla X H Mthembu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, Mafikeng Campus, Northwest University, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, Mafikeng Campus, Northwest University, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | | | - Sihle E Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Tawanda M Nyambuya
- Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, 9000, Namibia
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Christo J F Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Centre for Cardiometabolic Research Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Albertus K Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
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16
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Modulatory effect of exogenous Coenzyme Q 10 on redox and inflammatory biomarkers during aging in rats. Biol Futur 2022; 73:473-481. [PMID: 36443592 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-022-00140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An impaired redox homeostasis is an important hallmark of biological aging. Coenzyme Q10 is an endogenous lipophilic antioxidant that decreases with age and has been linked to oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of CoQ10 supplementation on redox homeostasis and levels of inflammatory cytokines in young and old rats. Male Wistar rats (young and old) were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6). Group I: young control, Group II: young rats treated with CoQ10, Group III: old control, Group IV: old rats treated with CoQ10. CoQ10 (20 mg/kg) was administered daily to Group II and IV via oral gavage. After 28 days of treatment, rats were sacrificed and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. Results demonstrated a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl oxidation, advanced oxidation protein products, inflammatory cytokines: CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and a decline in levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, ferric reducing antioxidant potential in plasma and plasma membrane redox system in old rats when compared to young rats. After treatment with CoQ10 significant decrease in the level of MDA, PCO, AOPP, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α was observed. Also, significant up-regulation of SOD, CAT, GSH, FRAP, and PMRS was observed. The results show that supplementing rats with CoQ10 aids in the maintenance of redox equilibrium with replenishment of antioxidant reserves and down-regulation of inflammatory biomarkers. Thus CoQ10 supplementation could be a potential anti-aging therapy.
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17
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Innate immunity dysregulation in aging eye and therapeutic interventions. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101768. [PMID: 36280210 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of eye diseases increases considerably with age, resulting in significant vision impairment. Although the pathobiology of age-related eye diseases has been studied extensively, the contribution of immune-related changes due to aging remains elusive. In the eye, tissue-resident cells and infiltrating immune cells regulate innate responses during injury or infection. But due to aging, these cells lose their protective functions and acquire pathological phenotypes. Thus, dysregulated ocular innate immunity in the elderly increases the susceptibility and severity of eye diseases. Herein, we emphasize the impact of aging on the ocular innate immune system in the pathogenesis of infectious and non-infectious eye diseases. We discuss the role of age-related alterations in cellular metabolism, epigenetics, and cellular senescence as mechanisms underlying altered innate immune functions. Finally, we describe approaches to restore protective innate immune functions in the aging eye. Overall, the review summarizes our current understanding of innate immune functions in eye diseases and their dysregulation during aging.
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18
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Dietary Se-Enriched Cardamine enshiensis Supplementation Alleviates Transport-Stress-Induced Body Weight Loss, Anti-Oxidative Capacity and Meat Quality Impairments of Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223193. [PMID: 36428420 PMCID: PMC9686480 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to explore the effects of a new selenium (Se) source from Se-enriched Cardamine enshiensis (SeCe) on body weight loss, anti-oxidative capacity and meat quality of broilers under transport stress. A total of 240 one-day-old ROSS 308 broilers were allotted into four treatments with six replicate cages and 10 birds per cage using a 2 × 2 factorial design. The four groups were as follows: (1) Na2SeO3-NTS group, dietary 0.3 mg/kg Se from Na2SeO3 without transport stress, (2) SeCe-NTS group, dietary 0.3 mg/kg Se from SeCe without transport stress, (3) Na2SeO3-TS group, dietary 0.3 mg/kg Se from Na2SeO3 with transport stress, and (4) SeCe-TS group, dietary 0.3 mg/kg Se from SeCe with transport stress. After a 42 d feeding period, the broilers were transported by a lorry or kept in the original cages for 3 h, respectively. The results showed that dietary SeCe supplementation alleviated transport-stress-induced body weight loss and hepatomegaly of the broilers compared with the broilers fed Na2SeO3 diets (p < 0.05). Furthermore, dietary SeCe supplementation increased the concentrations of plasma total protein and glucose, and decreased the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase of the broilers under transport stress (p < 0.05). Dietary SeCe supplementation also enhanced the anti-oxidative capacity and meat quality in the breast and thigh muscles of the broilers under transport stress (p < 0.05). In summary, compared with Na2SeO3, dietary SeCe supplementation alleviates transport-stress-induced body weight loss, anti-oxidative capacity and meat quality impairments of broilers.
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19
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Age-Related NAFLD: The Use of Probiotics as a Supportive Therapeutic Intervention. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182827. [PMID: 36139402 PMCID: PMC9497179 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human aging, a natural process characterized by structural and physiological changes, leads to alterations of homeostatic mechanisms, decline of biological functions, and subsequently, the organism becomes vulnerable to external stress or damage. In fact, the elderly population is prone to develop diseases due to deterioration of physiological and biological systems. With aging, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increases, and this causes lipid, protein, and DNA damage, leading to cellular dysfunction and altered cellular processes. Indeed, oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of several chronic disorders, including hepatic diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD, the most common liver disorder in the Western world, is characterized by intrahepatic lipid accumulation; is highly prevalent in the aging population; and is closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Among the risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, the dysbiotic gut microbiota plays an essential role, leading to low-grade chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and production of various toxic metabolites. The intestinal microbiota is a dynamic ecosystem of microbes involved in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis; the alteration of its composition and function, during aging, is implicated in different liver diseases. Therefore, gut microbiota restoration might be a complementary approach for treating NAFLD. The administration of probiotics, which can relieve oxidative stress and elicit several anti-aging properties, could be a strategy to modify the composition and restore a healthy gut microbiota. Indeed, probiotics could represent a valid supplement to prevent and/or help treating some diseases, such as NAFLD, thus improving the already available pharmacological intervention. Moreover, in aging, intervention of prebiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, as well as probiotics, will provide novel therapeutic approaches. However, the relevant research is limited, and several scientific research works need to be done in the near future to confirm their efficacy.
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20
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Hormesis and Oxidative Distress: Pathophysiology of Reactive Oxygen Species and the Open Question of Antioxidant Modulation and Supplementation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081613. [PMID: 36009331 PMCID: PMC9405171 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of redox homeostasis leads to a condition of resilience known as hormesis that is due to the activation of redox-sensitive pathways stimulating cell proliferation, growth, differentiation, and angiogenesis. Instead, supraphysiological production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds antioxidant defence and leads to oxidative distress. This condition induces damage to biomolecules and is responsible or co-responsible for the onset of several chronic pathologies. Thus, a dietary antioxidant supplementation has been proposed in order to prevent aging, cardiovascular and degenerative diseases as well as carcinogenesis. However, this approach has failed to demonstrate efficacy, often leading to harmful side effects, in particular in patients affected by cancer. In this latter case, an approach based on endogenous antioxidant depletion, leading to ROS overproduction, has shown an interesting potential for enhancing susceptibility of patients to anticancer therapies. Therefore, a deep investigation of molecular pathways involved in redox balance is crucial in order to identify new molecular targets useful for the development of more effective therapeutic approaches. The review herein provides an overview of the pathophysiological role of ROS and focuses the attention on positive and negative aspects of antioxidant modulation with the intent to find new insights for a successful clinical application.
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21
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Mendoza A, Karch J. Keeping the beat against time: Mitochondrial fitness in the aging heart. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:951417. [PMID: 35958271 PMCID: PMC9360554 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.951417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The process of aging strongly correlates with maladaptive architectural, mechanical, and biochemical alterations that contribute to the decline in cardiac function. Consequently, aging is a major risk factor for the development of heart disease, the leading cause of death in the developed world. In this review, we will summarize the classic and recently uncovered pathological changes within the aged heart with an emphasis on the mitochondria. Specifically, we describe the metabolic changes that occur in the aging heart as well as the loss of mitochondrial fitness and function and how these factors contribute to the decline in cardiomyocyte number. In addition, we highlight recent pharmacological, genetic, or behavioral therapeutic intervention advancements that may alleviate age-related cardiac decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielys Mendoza
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jason Karch
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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22
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Normal and Pathological NRF2 Signalling in the Central Nervous System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081426. [PMID: 35892629 PMCID: PMC9394413 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) was originally described as a master regulator of antioxidant cellular response, but in the time since, numerous important biological functions linked to cell survival, cellular detoxification, metabolism, autophagy, proteostasis, inflammation, immunity, and differentiation have been attributed to this pleiotropic transcription factor that regulates hundreds of genes. After 40 years of in-depth research and key discoveries, NRF2 is now at the center of a vast regulatory network, revealing NRF2 signalling as increasingly complex. It is widely recognized that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in human physiological and pathological processes such as ageing, obesity, diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The high oxygen consumption associated with high levels of free iron and oxidizable unsaturated lipids make the brain particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress. A good stability of NRF2 activity is thus crucial to maintain the redox balance and therefore brain homeostasis. In this review, we have gathered recent data about the contribution of the NRF2 pathway in the healthy brain as well as during metabolic diseases, cancer, ageing, and ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss promising therapeutic strategies and the need for better understanding of cell-type-specific functions of NRF2 in these different fields.
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23
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The Quality of Life and the Bio-Molecular Profile in Working Environment: A Systematic Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14138100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Working life is characterised by various requirements and degrees of control in meeting these demands. The imbalance of these elements with workers’ resources can result in work-related stress involving the repeated activation of stress response systems. Modifications in the bio-molecular profile may represent a biological signature of individuals’ life experiences and provide evidence on pathways through which such stressors can result in health outcomes. The aim of our systematic review is to characterize the quality of life (QOL) and the bio-molecular profile in the working population, to highlight if the alteration observed might be related to the working conditions. The article query was performed on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL and results have been presented according to three molecular pathways involved in the stress response: oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuroendocrine activation. The epidemiological sample has been sub-grouped into “clinical” and “non-clinical” populations according to the presence of a diagnosis of psychological disorders. Besides some critical issues, the review highlights the importance of developing a valid array of biological indicators, measurable in non-invasive matrices, sensitive to both derangements from physiological conditions and stress reduction, useful for identifying those groups at higher risk of health outcomes and, eventually, promoting workers’ wellbeing.
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Eroglu Ozkan E, Ersoy E, Yesil Canturk Y, Mataraci Kara E, Cinar E, Sahin H, Karahan S, Karaca Sancaktepe K, Yilmaz MA, Boga M. The Therapeutic Potential of Ethnomedicinally Important Anatolian Thyme Species: A Phytochemical and Biological Assessment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:923063. [PMID: 35754476 PMCID: PMC9218417 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.923063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyme has been used for various therapeutic purposes in many different cultures, which makes it one of the most riveting medicinal plants throughout history. From its beneficial effects on the respiratory tract or the gastrointestinal system, to its unique skin-related activities, the investigation of the medicinal properties of thyme has always been an alluring topic for researchers aiming to develop conventional medications from this traditional herb. With an incentive to contribute to the extensive thyme research, three Thymus L. species namely Thymus cariensis Hub-Mor. & Jalas (endemic), Thymus praceox subsp. grossheimii (Ronniger) Jalas, and Thymus pubescens Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak from Turkey were deeply investigated within this study. The analysis of the phytochemical constituents of the extracts was conducted by LC-MS/MS. 12 biologically important secondary metabolites (p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, salicylic acid, quinic acid, fumaric acid, vanillin, malic acid, rutin, apigenin, naringenin, and nicotiflorin) were detected in all extracts. Their total phenolic and flavonoid contents were calculated (11.15 ± 0.17—61.12 ± 2.59 μg PEs/mg extract, 2.53 ± 0.04—40.28 ± 0.92 μg QEs/mg extract, respectively), and the antioxidant potential of the extracts was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging and CUPRAC activity methods, accordingly, the extracts were shown to possess significant antioxidant activity. Among them, Thymus cariensis Hub-Mor. & Jalas was the most active with IC50 values of 34.97 ± 1.00 μg/ml and 9.98 ± 0.04 μg/ml regarding the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, respectively, and an A0.5 value of 5.80 ± 0.02 μg/ml according to CUPRAC activity method. Their anticholinesterase, antityrosinase, and antiurease activities were also tested, Thymus cariensis Hub-Mor. & Jalas (35.61 ± 1.20%) and Thymus pubescens Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak aerial part extract (33.49 ± 1.39%) exhibited moderate antibutyrylcholinesterase activity at 200 μg/ml concentration. The results of the cell viability assay indicated that the extracts demonstrated moderate-to-low cytotoxicity on A498 human renal cell lines. Furthermore, all studied extracts exerted noteworthy antimicrobial activity, especially against Candida tropicalis (MIC values: 19.53—78.12 μg/ml). The presented data substantiates the use of thyme extracts as therapeutic agents in both ethnomedicine and conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Eroglu Ozkan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Ersoy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yeter Yesil Canturk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Mataraci Kara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ercan Cinar
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
| | - Hasan Sahin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Selim Karahan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, Faculty of Veterinary, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.,Dicle University Health Sciences Application and Research Center (DÜSAM), Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | | | - Mustafa Abdullah Yilmaz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Boga
- Dicle University Health Sciences Application and Research Center (DÜSAM), Diyarbakır, Turkey.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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25
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Gono CMP, Ahmadi P, Hertiani T, Septiana E, Putra MY, Chianese G. A Comprehensive Update on the Bioactive Compounds from Seagrasses. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20070406. [PMID: 35877699 PMCID: PMC9324380 DOI: 10.3390/md20070406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine angiosperms produce a wide variety of secondary metabolites with unique structural features that have the potential to be developed as effective and potent drugs for various diseases. Recently, research trends in secondary metabolites have led to drug discovery with an emphasis on their pharmacological activity. Among marine angiosperms, seagrasses have been utilized for a variety of remedial purposes, such as treating fevers, mental disorders, wounds, skin diseases, muscle pain, and stomach problems. Hence, it is essential to study their bioactive metabolites, medical properties, and underlying mechanisms when considering their pharmacological activity. However, there is a scarcity of studies on the compilation of existing work on their pharmacological uses, pharmacological pathways, and bioactive compounds. This review aims to compile the pharmacological activities of numerous seagrass species, their secondary metabolites, pharmacological properties, and mechanism of action. In conclusion, this review highlights the potency of seagrasses as a promising source of natural therapeutical products for preventing or inhibiting human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peni Ahmadi
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drug, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia;
- Correspondence: (P.A.); (M.Y.P.); (G.C.); Tel.: +62-21875-4587 (P.A. & M.Y.P.); +39-0816-74125 (G.C.)
| | - Triana Hertiani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Eris Septiana
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drug, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia;
| | - Masteria Yunovilsa Putra
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drug, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia;
- Correspondence: (P.A.); (M.Y.P.); (G.C.); Tel.: +62-21875-4587 (P.A. & M.Y.P.); +39-0816-74125 (G.C.)
| | - Giuseppina Chianese
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.A.); (M.Y.P.); (G.C.); Tel.: +62-21875-4587 (P.A. & M.Y.P.); +39-0816-74125 (G.C.)
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26
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Mason SA, Wadley GD, Keske MA, Parker L. Effect of mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants on glycaemic control, cardiovascular health, and oxidative stress in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:1047-1060. [PMID: 35165982 PMCID: PMC9314850 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants (mitoAOXs) on glycaemic control, cardiovascular health, and oxidative stress outcomes in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Randomized controlled trials investigating mitoAOX interventions in humans were searched for in databases (MEDLINE-PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE and Cochrane Library) and clinical trial registries up to 10 June 2021. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations were used to assess trial quality and evidence certainty, respectively. RESULTS Nineteen studies (n = 884 participants) using mitoAOXs (including Elamipretide, MitoQ and MitoTEMPO) were included in the systematic review. There were limited studies investigating the effects of mitoAOXs on glycaemic control; and outcomes and population groups in studies focusing on cardiovascular health were diverse. MitoAOXs significantly improved brachial flow-mediated dilation (n = 3 trials; standardized mean difference: 1.19, 95% CI: 0.28, 2.16; I2 : 67%) with very low evidence certainty. No significant effects were found for any other glycaemic, cardiovascular or oxidative stress-related outcomes with mitoAOXs in quantitative analyses, with evidence certainty rated mostly as low. There was a lack of serious treatment-emergent adverse events with mitoAOXs, although subcutaneous injection of Elamipretide increased mild-moderate injection site-related events. CONCLUSION While short-term studies indicate that mitoAOXs are generally well tolerated, there is currently limited evidence to support the use of mitoAOXs in the management of glycaemic control and cardiovascular health. Review findings suggest that future research should focus on the effects of mitoAOXs on glycaemic control and endothelial function in target clinical population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Andrew Mason
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelong
| | - Glenn David Wadley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelong
| | - Michelle Anne Keske
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelong
| | - Lewan Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelong
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27
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Zhang X, Jia L, He H, Yin H, Ming J, Hou T, Xiang J. Modulation of oxidative stress and gut microbiota by selenium-containing peptides from enshiensis Cardamine and structural-based characterization. Food Chem 2022; 395:133547. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Eshraghi Y, Vahdani Y, Karimi P, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M, Abdoli A, Taghizadeh M, Mahdavi M. Immunomodulatory Effects of α-Tocopherol on the H1N1 Influenza Vaccine: Improving the Potency and Efficacy of the Influenza Vaccine in Aged Mice. Viral Immunol 2022; 35:244-253. [PMID: 35467429 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Declined immune response is the main cause of decreased potency of the influenza vaccine in the elderly, regardless of virus mutations. Herein, we hypothesized that the addition of α-tocopherol to the influenza vaccine formulation might increase vaccine potency and efficacy. Hemagglutinin of the H1N1 virus was formulated in Alum and α-tocopherol, and then aged (16-20-month-old) and young (6-8-week-old) mice were immunized subcutaneously two times with 2-week intervals with 5 μg of different vaccine formulations. Two weeks after the final boosting, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines were assessed by using ELISA. Humoral immune responses were assessed by hemagglutination inhibition (HI). In addition, vaccine efficacy was determined by intranasal viral challenge of mice using mouse-adapted H1N1 virus. Our results showed that the new vaccine formulation improved IFN-γ and IL-4 responses in the experimental mice. However, the increase was evident mainly in the aged group and, to some extent, in the young group. Results from the HI assay showed that α-tocopherol in the vaccine formulation could increase HI activity in both young and aged mice. Furthermore, α-tocopherol, as an adjuvant, increased the protectivity of the influenza vaccine in both aged and young groups through the decreased lung viral load and increased survival rate of the experimental mice. In conclusion, it seems that α-tocopherol can not only be used as an appropriate adjuvant for aged people, but also empower old and worn out cells to increase the effectiveness of the vaccine in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Eshraghi
- Department of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP), Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.,Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Vahdani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Karimi
- Department of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP), Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.,Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meghdad Abdollahpour-Alitappeh
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Asghar Abdoli
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Taghizadeh
- Department of Human Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mahdavi
- Department of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP), Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.,Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunotherapy Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Science (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Akyeva AY, Kansuzyan AV, Vukich KS, Kuhn L, Saverina EA, Minyaev ME, Pechennikov VM, Egorov MP, Alabugin IV, Vorobyev SV, Syroeshkin MA. Remote Stereoelectronic Effects in Pyrrolidone- and Caprolactam-Substituted Phenols: Discrepancies in Antioxidant Properties Evaluated by Electrochemical Oxidation and H-Atom Transfer Reactivity. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5371-5384. [PMID: 35363496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New antioxidants are commonly evaluated via two main approaches, i.e., the ability to donate an electron and the ability to intercept free radicals. We compared these approaches by evaluating the properties of 11 compounds containing both antioxidant moieties (mono- and polyphenols) and auxiliary pharmacophores (pyrrolidone and caprolactam). Several common antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2,3,5-trimethylphenol (TMP), quercetin, and dihydroquercetin, were added for comparison. The antioxidant properties of these compounds were determined by their rates of reaction with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and their oxidation potentials from cyclic voltammetry. Although these methods test different chemical properties, their results correlate reasonably well. However, several exceptions exist where the two methods give opposite predictions! One of them is the different behavior of mono- and polyphenols: polyphenols can react with DPPH more than an order of magnitude faster than monophenols of a similar oxidation potential. The second exception stems from the size of a "bystander" lactam ring at the benzylic position. Although the phenols with a seven-membered lactam ring are harder to oxidize, the sterically nonhindered compounds react with DPPH about 2× faster than the analogous five-membered lactams. The limitations of computational methods, especially those based on a single parameter, are also evaluated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ya Akyeva
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 119991 Moscow Russia
| | | | - Katarina S Vukich
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 119991 Moscow Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Leah Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | | | | | | | - Mikhail P Egorov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Igor V Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Stepan V Vorobyev
- Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, 65 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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30
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Ashok A, Andrabi SS, Mansoor S, Kuang Y, Kwon BK, Labhasetwar V. Antioxidant Therapy in Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurodegenerative Diseases: Role of Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Clinical Translation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020408. [PMID: 35204290 PMCID: PMC8869281 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Free radicals are formed as a part of normal metabolic activities but are neutralized by the endogenous antioxidants present in cells/tissue, thus maintaining the redox balance. This redox balance is disrupted in certain neuropathophysiological conditions, causing oxidative stress, which is implicated in several progressive neurodegenerative diseases. Following neuronal injury, secondary injury progression is also caused by excessive production of free radicals. Highly reactive free radicals, mainly the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), damage the cell membrane, proteins, and DNA, which triggers a self-propagating inflammatory cascade of degenerative events. Dysfunctional mitochondria under oxidative stress conditions are considered a key mediator in progressive neurodegeneration. Exogenous delivery of antioxidants holds promise to alleviate oxidative stress to regain the redox balance. In this regard, natural and synthetic antioxidants have been evaluated. Despite promising results in preclinical studies, clinical translation of antioxidants as a therapy to treat neurodegenerative diseases remains elusive. The issues could be their low bioavailability, instability, limited transport to the target tissue, and/or poor antioxidant capacity, requiring repeated and high dosing, which cannot be administered to humans because of dose-limiting toxicity. Our laboratory is investigating nanoparticle-mediated delivery of antioxidant enzymes to address some of the above issues. Apart from being endogenous, the main advantage of antioxidant enzymes is their catalytic mechanism of action; hence, they are significantly more effective at lower doses in detoxifying the deleterious effects of free radicals than nonenzymatic antioxidants. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential of antioxidant therapy, challenges in their clinical translation, and the role nanoparticles/drug delivery systems could play in addressing these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushruti Ashok
- Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (S.S.A.); (S.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Syed Suhail Andrabi
- Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (S.S.A.); (S.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Saffar Mansoor
- Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (S.S.A.); (S.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Youzhi Kuang
- Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (S.S.A.); (S.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Brian K. Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada;
| | - Vinod Labhasetwar
- Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (S.S.A.); (S.M.); (Y.K.)
- Correspondence:
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31
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Chernyak BV, Lyamzaev KG. Innate Immunity and Phenoptosis. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:1634-1639. [PMID: 36717452 PMCID: PMC9839199 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922120185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis is proposed that activation of innate immunity is the primary mechanism of phenoptosis (programmed death of an organism). In support of the hypothesis, we discuss (i) the data on active release of signaling molecules from the cell producing excessive inflammation; (ii) the data on contribution of mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species to immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris V. Chernyak
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin G. Lyamzaev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia ,Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 129226 Moscow, Russia
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32
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Sukumaran V, Gurusamy N, Yalcin HC, Venkatesh S. Understanding diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy from the perspective of renin angiotensin aldosterone system. Pflugers Arch 2021; 474:63-81. [PMID: 34967935 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that diabetic subjects are predisposed to a distinct cardiovascular dysfunction, known as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), which could be an autonomous disease independent of concomitant micro and macrovascular disorders. DCM is one of the prominent causes of global morbidity and mortality and is on a rising trend with the increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM). DCM is characterized by an early left ventricle diastolic dysfunction associated with the slow progression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy leading to heart failure, which still has no effective therapy. Although the well-known "Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS)" inhibition is considered a gold-standard treatment in heart failure, its role in DCM is still unclear. At the cellular level of DCM, RAAS induces various secondary mechanisms, adding complications to poor prognosis and treatment of DCM. This review highlights the importance of RAAS signaling and its major secondary mechanisms involving inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and autophagy, their role in establishing DCM. In addition, studies lacking in the specific area of DCM are also highlighted. Therefore, understanding the complex role of RAAS in DCM may lead to the identification of better prognosis and therapeutic strategies in treating DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Al-Tarfa, 2371, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sundararajan Venkatesh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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33
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Sutkowy P, Woźniak A, Mila-Kierzenkowska C, Szewczyk-Golec K, Wesołowski R, Pawłowska M, Nuszkiewicz J. Physical Activity vs. Redox Balance in the Brain: Brain Health, Aging and Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010095. [PMID: 35052600 PMCID: PMC8773223 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proven that physical exercise improves cognitive function and memory, has an analgesic and antidepressant effect, and delays the aging of the brain and the development of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. There are even attempts to use physical activity in the treatment of mental diseases. The course of most diseases is strictly associated with oxidative stress, which can be prevented or alleviated with regular exercise. It has been proven that physical exercise helps to maintain the oxidant–antioxidant balance. In this review, we present the current knowledge on redox balance in the organism and the consequences of its disruption, while focusing mainly on the brain. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of physical activity on aging and brain diseases, and present current recommendations and directions for further research in this area.
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34
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Exploring New Kingdoms: The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Oxi-Inflamm-Aging Related to Cardiorenal Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010078. [PMID: 35052582 PMCID: PMC8773353 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of age associated chronic diseases has increased in recent years. Although several diverse causes produce these phenomena, abundant evidence shows that oxidative stress plays a central role. In recent years, numerous studies have focused on elucidating the role of oxidative stress in the development and progression of both aging and chronic diseases, opening the door to the discovery of new underlying mechanisms and signaling pathways. Among them, senolytics and senomorphics, and extracellular vesicles offer new therapeutic strategies to slow the development of aging and its associated chronic diseases by decreasing oxidative stress. In this review, we aim to discuss the role of extracellular vesicles in human cardiorenal syndrome development and their possible role as biomarkers, targets, or vehicles of drugs to treat this syndrome.
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35
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Shen J, Zhang M, Zhao L, Mujumdar AS, Wang H. Schemes for enhanced antioxidant stability in frying meat: a review of frying process using single oil and blended oils. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-16. [PMID: 34961384 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2019672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Deep-fried meat products are widely popular. However, harmful compounds produced by various chemical reactions during frying have been shown to be detrimental to human health. It is of great necessity to raise practical suggestions for improving the oxidation problem of frying oils and frying conditions in some aspects. Vegetable oils are not as thermally stable as saturated fats, and blended oils have higher thermal stability than single oil. In this review, we discussed the oxidation problems frying oils and meats are subject to during frying, starting from the oil oxidation mechanism, the effects of different oils and fats on the quality of different fried meats under different conditions were concluded to alleviate the oxidation problem, to highlight the necessity of applying blended oils for frying, and effective antioxidants added to frying oils are also introduced, that would provide more convenient and practical options for obtaining higher quality of fried meat products and offer better understanding of the potential of blended frying oils for frying meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province International Joint Laboratory on Fresh Food Smart Processing and Quality Monitoring, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linlin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Arun S Mujumdar
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald College, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Haixiang Wang
- R&D Centre, Yechun Food Production and Distribution Co., Ltd, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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36
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Abstract
Significance: During aging, excessive production of reactive species in the liver leads to redox imbalance with consequent oxidative damage and impaired organ homeostasis. Nevertheless, slight amounts of reactive species may modulate several transcription factors, acting as second messengers and regulating specific signaling pathways. These redox-dependent alterations may impact the age-associated decline in liver regeneration. Recent Advances: In the last few decades, relevant findings related to redox alterations in the aging liver were investigated. Consistently, recent research broadened understanding of redox modifications and signaling related to liver regeneration. Other than reporting the effect of oxidative stress, epigenetic and post-translational modifications, as well as modulation of specific redox-sensitive cellular signaling, were described. Among them, the present review focuses on Wnt/β-catenin, the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), members of the Forkhead box O (FoxO) family, and the p53 tumor suppressor. Critical Issues: Even though alteration in redox homeostasis occurs both in aging and in impaired liver regeneration, the associative mechanisms are not clearly defined. Of note, antioxidants are not effective in slowing hepatic senescence, and do not clearly improve liver repopulation after hepatectomy or transplant in humans. Future Directions: Further investigations are needed to define mutual redox-dependent molecular pathways involved both in aging and in the decline of liver regeneration. Preclinical studies aimed at the characterization of these pathways would define possible therapeutic targets for human trials. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 832-847.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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37
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Liao YC, Wu SY, Huang YF, Lo PC, Chan TY, Chen CA, Wu CH, Hsu CC, Yen CL, Chen PC, Shieh CC. NOX2-Deficient Neutrophils Facilitate Joint Inflammation Through Higher Pro-Inflammatory and Weakened Immune Checkpoint Activities. Front Immunol 2021; 12:743030. [PMID: 34557202 PMCID: PMC8452958 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.743030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated arthritis is an important chronic inflammatory disease of joints causing debilitating morbidity in affected patients. The mechanisms underlying immune-mediated arthritis have been intensively investigated, however the cellular and molecular factors contributing to the joint inflammation in different redox conditions have not been clearly elucidated. Previous research showed that phagocyte-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an anti-inflammatory role in K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis and NOX2-deficient mice tend to have more severe arthritis. Although many leukocytes play critical roles in the development of immune-mediated arthritis, the role of neutrophils, which are the main producers of ROS in inflammation, is still controversial. We hence assessed the immunomodulatory function of neutrophils from arthritic joints of NOX2-deficient and wild type mice in this study. We found more neutrophils accumulation in NOX2-deficient inflamed joints. RNA-sequencing and quantitative PCR revealed significantly increased expression of acute inflammation genes including IL1b, Cxcl2, Cxcl3, Cxcl10 and Mmp3 in activated neutrophils from the inflamed joints of NOX2-deficient mice. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed enriched gene signatures in type I and II IFN responses, IL-6-JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway and TNF-α signaling pathway via NF-κB in NOX2-deficient neutrophils. In addition, we found that NOX2-deficient neutrophils expressed lower levels of PD-L1 and were less suppressive than WT neutrophils. Moreover, treatment of PD-L1-Fc decreased cytokine expression and ameliorated the severity of inflammatory arthritis. Our results suggest that NOX2-derived ROS is critical for regulating the function and gene expression in arthritic neutrophils. Both the strong pro-inflammatory and weakened anti-inflammatory functions of neutrophils due to abnormal redox regulation may be targets of treatment for immune-mediated arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chu Liao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yu Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fang Huang
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Lo
- Laboratory of Innate Immune Systems, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tzu-Yi Chan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-An Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chia Hsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Yen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Chieh Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Shieh
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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38
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Koss-Mikołajczyk I, Todorovic V, Sobajic S, Mahajna J, Gerić M, Tur JA, Bartoszek A. Natural Products Counteracting Cardiotoxicity during Cancer Chemotherapy: The Special Case of Doxorubicin, a Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10037. [PMID: 34576204 PMCID: PMC8467966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is a frequent undesirable phenomenon observed during oncological treatment that limits the therapeutic dose of antitumor drugs and thus may decrease the effectiveness of cancer eradication. Almost all antitumor drugs exhibit toxic properties towards cardiac muscle. One of the underlying causes of cardiotoxicity is the stimulation of oxidative stress by chemotherapy. This suggests that an appropriately designed diet or dietary supplements based on edible plants rich in antioxidants could decrease the toxicity of antitumor drugs and diminish the risk of cardiac failure. This comprehensive review compares the cardioprotective efficacy of edible plant extracts and foodborne phytochemicals whose beneficial activity was demonstrated in various models in vivo and in vitro. The studies selected for this review concentrated on a therapy frequently applied in cancer, anthracycline antibiotic-doxorubicin-as the oxidative stress- and cardiotoxicity-inducing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Koss-Mikołajczyk
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Vanja Todorovic
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Sladjana Sobajic
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (V.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, Migal-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel;
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Tel-Hai College, Qiryat Shemona 1220800, Israel
| | - Marko Gerić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands—IUNICS, IDISBA & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - Agnieszka Bartoszek
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
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Gül M, Kayhan Kuştepe E, Erdemli ME, Altınöz E, Gözükara Bağ HG, Gül S, Göktürk N. Protective effects of crocin on acrylamide-induced testis damage. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14176. [PMID: 34309867 DOI: 10.1111/and.14176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to acrylamide (Ac) through food is almost inevitable and this kind of toxicity may cause lifelong harm. In present study, we researched effects of Crocin (Cr) on testis histopathology in Ac-induced testis of rats. Adult male rats were grouped as: group 1, 1 ml saline only; group 2, 50 mg/kg Cr only; group 3, 25 mg/kg Ac only and group 4, 25 mg/kg Ac + 50 mg/kg Cr. All administrations were given as 1 ml/day by gavage for 21 days. It was found that Ac adversely influenced the levels of FSH, testosterone and LH in the blood serum; malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI)/ glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant status (TAS) oxidant/antioxidant parameters in testis tissue (p < .01) and the histopathological parameters like Johnson's score, seminiferous tubule diameter, seminiferous epithelial height and H-score for caspase-3 immunoreactivity. In contrary, Cr treatment resulted in increase in testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizan hormone (LH) levels and SOD, CAT, GSH, TAS levels (p < .01) and improved all the histopathological changes. In conclusion, Cr has a promising protective potential against Ac-caused toxic damages in testicular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Gül
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Elif Kayhan Kuştepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erman Erdemli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Eyüp Altınöz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karabük University, Kılavuzlar, Turkey
| | - Harika Gözde Gözükara Bağ
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Semir Gül
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Battalgazi, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Göktürk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Battalgazi, Turkey
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Mahmoud YK, Ali AA, Abdelrazek HMA, Aldayel TS, Abdel-Daim MM, El-Menyawy MAI. Neurotoxic Effect of Fipronil in Male Wistar Rats: Ameliorative Effect of L-Arginine and L-Carnitine. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070682. [PMID: 34356537 PMCID: PMC8301478 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Insecticides are widely used in agricultural and household environments. They induce wide range of deleterious effects. Fipronil is one of the most widely used phenylpyrazoles insecticides. The neurotoxic effect of such insecticide was tested in the present study with special emphasis on cognitive deficit as well as testing the possible ameliorative impacts of L-arginine and L-carnitine. The study proposed fipronil-induced cognitive deficit as a reflection to oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation. Moreover, L-arginine and L-carnitine exerted ameliorative influence on fipronil induced oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation. Therefore, L-arginine and L-carnitine can be considered as prospective candidates for mitigation of pesticide induced neurotoxicity especially in people with high-risk exposure to pesticide. Abstract The ameliorative effect of L-arginine (LA) and L-carnitine (LC) against fipronil (FPN)-induced neurotoxicity was explored. In this case, 36 adult male rats were randomly divided into six groups: group I received distilled water, group II received 500 mg/kg LA, group III received 100 mg/kg LC, group IV received 4.85 mg/kg FPN, group V received 4.85 mg/kg FPN and 500 mg/kg LA and group VI received 4.85 mg/kg FPN and 100 mg/kg LC for 6 weeks. Cognitive performance was assessed using Barnes maze (BM). Serum corticosterone, brain total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and dopamine were measured. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of ionized calcium-binding adaptor (Iba-1), doublecortin (DCX) and serotonin (S-2A) receptors were performed. Fipronil induced noticeable deterioration in spatial learning and memory performance. In addition, FPN significantly (p < 0.05) diminished brain antioxidant defense system and dopamine coincide with elevated serum corticosterone level. Histopathological examination revealed degenerative and necrotic changes. Furthermore, Iba-1 and DCX were significantly expressed in cortex and hippocampus whereas S-2A receptors were significantly lowered in FPN group. However, administration of LA or LC alleviated FPN-induced deteriorations. In conclusion, LA and LC could be prospective candidates for mitigation of FPN-induced neurotoxicity via their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuropotentiating effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina K. Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed A. Ali
- Hygiene, Zoonosis and Animal Behavior Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Heba M. A. Abdelrazek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +2-012-23399477; Fax: +2-064-3207052
| | - Tahany Saleh Aldayel
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
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Smith L, Jacob L, Barnett Y, Butler LT, Shin JI, López-Sánchez GF, Soysal P, Veronese N, Haro JM, Koyanagi A. Association between Food Insecurity and Sarcopenia among Adults Aged ≥65 Years in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Nutrients 2021; 13:1879. [PMID: 34072669 PMCID: PMC8227512 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited literature has investigated the association between food insecurity and sarcopenia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between food insecurity and sarcopenia among adults aged ≥65 years in six LMICs. Community-based cross-sectional data of the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health were analyzed. Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low skeletal muscle mass based on indirect population formula, and either slow gait or low handgrip strength. In the past, 12-month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. The final sample consisted of 14,585 individuals aged ≥65 years (mean (SD) age 72.6 (11.5) years; 55.0% females). The prevalence of sarcopenia among those with no food insecurity was 13.0% but this increased to 24.4% among those with severe food insecurity. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared to no food insecurity, severe food insecurity was associated with 2.05 (95%CI = 1.12-3.73) times higher odds for sarcopenia. In this large representative sample of older adults from multiple LMICs, it was found that severe food insecurity is associated with higher odds for sarcopenia. Addressing food insecurity in such settings may be an effective strategy to curb the high prevalence of sarcopenia in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.); (J.M.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (Y.B.); (L.T.B.)
| | - Laurie T. Butler
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (Y.B.); (L.T.B.)
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, C.P.O. Box 8044, Seoul 120-752, Korea;
| | - Guillermo F. López-Sánchez
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Pinar Soysal
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain; (L.J.); (J.M.H.)
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Swami Vetha BS, Adam AG, Aileru A. Redox Responsive Copolyoxalate Smart Polymers for Inflammation and Other Aging-Associated Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115607. [PMID: 34070585 PMCID: PMC8198274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyoxalate (POx) and copolyoxalate (CPOx) smart polymers are topics of interest the field of inflammation. This is due to their drug delivery ability and their potential to target reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to accommodate small molecules such as curcumin, vanilline, and p-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol. Their biocompatibility, ultra-size tunable characteristics and bioimaging features are remarkable. In this review we discuss the genesis and concept of oxylate smart polymer-based particles and a few innovative systemic delivery methods that is designed to counteract the inflammation and other aging-associated diseases (AADs). First, we introduce the ROS and its role in human physiology. Second, we discuss the polymers and methods of incorporating small molecule in oxalate backbone and its drug delivery application. Finally, we revealed some novel proof of concepts which were proven effective in disease models and discussed the challenges of oxylate polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berwin Singh Swami Vetha
- Department of Foundational Sciences and Research, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, 1851 MacGregor Downs Road, MS 701, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Angela Guma Adam
- Physio/Biochem/New Product Development Division, Cocoa Research Center Institute of Ghana, P.O. Box 8, New Tafo-Akim 0233, Eastern Region, Ghana;
| | - Azeez Aileru
- Department of Foundational Sciences and Research, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, 1851 MacGregor Downs Road, MS 701, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +252-737-7125
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Sha JY, Li JH, Zhou YD, Yang JY, Liu W, Jiang S, Wang YP, Zhang R, Di P, Li W. The p53/p21/p16 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways are involved in the ameliorative effects of maltol on D-galactose-induced liver and kidney aging and injury. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4411-4424. [PMID: 34028092 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Successive evidence has established that maltol, a flavor-enhancing agent, could provide resistance to oxidative stress-induced tissue injury in various animal models though its benefits for aging-induced liver and kidney injuries are still undetermined. In the present work, for demonstrating maltol's ameliorative effect and probable mechanism against aging-induced liver and kidney injuries, D-galactose (D-Gal)-induced animal in vivo and HEK293 cells in vitro models were established and results demonstrated that long-term D-Gal treatment increases the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in liver and kidney tissues, mitigates cell viability, and arrests the cycle. Interestingly, 4-weeks maltol treatment at 50 and 100 mg/kg activated aging-associated proteins including p53, p21, and p16 followed by inhibiting malondialdehyde (MDA)'s over-production and increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, decreases in cytochrome P450 E1 (CYP2E1) and 4-hydroxydecene (4-HNE)'s immunofluorescence expression levels are confirmed. Furthermore, maltol improved oxidative stress injury by activating the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway. In conclusion, the purpose of the present study was to estimate the mechanistic insights into maltol's role as an antioxidant in liver and kidney cell senescence and injury, which will reflect potential of therapeutic strategy for antiaging and aging-related disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yue Sha
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jian-Hao Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Plant Chemistry Laboratory, Chinese Institute of Jilin Ginseng, Changchun, China
| | - Yan-Dan Zhou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jia-Yu Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Di
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun, China
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Bou-Teen D, Kaludercic N, Weissman D, Turan B, Maack C, Di Lisa F, Ruiz-Meana M. Mitochondrial ROS and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants in the aged heart. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 167:109-124. [PMID: 33716106 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Excessive mitochondrial ROS production has been causally linked to the pathophysiology of aging in the heart and other organs, and plays a deleterious role in several age-related cardiac pathologies, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and heart failure, the two worldwide leading causes of death and disability in the elderly. However, ROS generation is also a fundamental mitochondrial function that orchestrates several signaling pathways, some of them exerting cardioprotective effects. In cardiac myocytes, mitochondria are particularly abundant and are specialized in subcellular populations, in part determined by their relationships with other organelles and their cyclic calcium handling activity necessary for adequate myocardial contraction/relaxation and redox balance. Depending on their subcellular location, mitochondria can themselves be differentially targeted by ROS and display distinct age-dependent functional decline. Thus, precise mitochondria-targeted therapies aimed at counteracting unregulated ROS production are expected to have therapeutic benefits in certain aging-related heart conditions. However, for an adequate design of such therapies, it is necessary to unravel the complex and dynamic interactions between mitochondria and other cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Bou-Teen
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR),Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nina Kaludercic
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza (IRP), 35129, Padova, Italy
| | - David Weissman
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Belma Turan
- Departments of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Christoph Maack
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marisol Ruiz-Meana
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Cardiology, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR),Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CV, CIBER-CV, Spain.
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Infante B, Bellanti F, Correale M, Pontrelli P, Franzin R, Leo S, Calvaruso M, Mercuri S, Netti GS, Ranieri E, Brunetti ND, Grandaliano G, Gesualdo L, Serviddio G, Castellano G, Stallone G. mTOR inhibition improves mitochondria function/biogenesis and delays cardiovascular aging in kidney transplant recipients with chronic graft dysfunction. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:8026-8039. [PMID: 33758105 PMCID: PMC8034974 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CVD remains the major cause of mortality with graft functioning in Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), with an estimated risk of CV events about 50-fold higher than in the general population. Many strategies have been considered to reduce the CV risk such as the use of mTOR inhibitors. We evaluate whether chronic mTOR inhibition might influence CV aging in KTRs studying the molecular mechanisms involved in this effect. We retrospectively analyzed 210 KTRs with stable graft function on therapy with CNI and mycophenolic acid (Group A, 105 pts.), or with CNI and mTORi (Everolimus, Group B, 105 pts.). The presence of mTOR inhibitor in immunosuppressive therapy was associated to increase serum levels of Klotho with concomitant reduction in FGF-23, with a significant decrease in left ventricular mass. In addition, KTRs with mTORi improved mitochondrial function/biogenesis in PBMC with more efficient oxidative phosphorylation, antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase activity. Finally, group B KTRs presented reduced levels of inflammaging markers such as reduced serum pentraxin-3 and p21ink expression in PBMC. In conclusion, we demonstrated that mTOR inhibition in immunosuppressive protocols prevents the occurrence and signs of CV aging in KTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Infante
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Correale
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Serena Leo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Martina Calvaruso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Silvia Mercuri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stefano Netti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Elena Ranieri
- Clinical Pathology Unit and Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Natale Daniele Brunetti
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grandaliano
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Phadwal K, Vrahnas C, Ganley IG, MacRae VE. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Cause or Consequence of Vascular Calcification? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:611922. [PMID: 33816463 PMCID: PMC8010668 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.611922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial bioenergetics powerhouses and biosynthetic hubs within cells, which can generate and sequester toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress-stimulated ROS production results in ATP depletion and the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, leading to mitochondria dysfunction and cellular apoptosis. Mitochondrial loss of function is also a key driver in the acquisition of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype that drives senescent cells into a pro-inflammatory state. Maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial for retaining the contractile phenotype of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the most prominent cells of the vasculature. Loss of this contractile phenotype is associated with the loss of mitochondrial function and a metabolic shift to glycolysis. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a direct role in vascular calcification and the underlying pathologies including (1) impairment of mitochondrial function by mineral dysregulation i.e., calcium and phosphate overload in patients with end-stage renal disease and (2) presence of increased ROS in patients with calcific aortic valve disease, atherosclerosis, type-II diabetes and chronic kidney disease. In this review, we discuss the cause and consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction in vascular calcification and underlying pathologies; the role of autophagy and mitophagy pathways in preventing mitochondrial dysfunction during vascular calcification and finally we discuss mitochondrial ROS, DRP1, and HIF-1 as potential novel markers and therapeutic targets for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Phadwal
- Functional Genetics and Development Division, The Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Vrahnas
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ian G. Ganley
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky E. MacRae
- Functional Genetics and Development Division, The Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS profiling and therapeutic effects of Schinus terebinthifolius and Schinus molle fruits: investigation of their antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:467-481. [PMID: 33635473 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current work was to study the phytochemical variability among Schinus terebinthifolius (STE) and Schinus molle (SME) fruit extracts. The in vitro antioxidant, antihemolytic, antidiabetic, and macromolecule damage protective activities, as well as, the in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive capacities were assessed. Using the HPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS analysis, the chemical profile of fruit extract varied between S. terebinthifolius (30 compounds) and S. molle (16 compounds). The major compound was masazino-flavanone (5774.98 and 1177.65 μg/g sample for STE and SME, respectively). The investigations highlighted significant antioxidant proprieties when using ABTS radical (IC50; 0.12 and 0.14 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively), superoxide (IC50; 0.17 and 0.22 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively) and hydrogen peroxide (IC50; 014 and 0.17 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively). In addition, STE and SME proved preventive effects against H2O2-induced hemolysis (IC50; 0.22 and 0.14 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively). The in vitro antidiabetic effect revealed that STE and SME exhibited important inhibitory effects against α-amylase (IC50; 0.13 and 0.19 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively) and α-glycosidase (IC50; 0.21 and 0.18 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively) when compared with acarbose. Furthermore, the extracts showed potent inhibitory activity against AAPH-induced plasmid DNA damage, and protein oxidation. In vivo study revealed that STE and SME presented interesting antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory capacities. All observed effects highlighted the potential application of Schinus fruit extract in food and pharmaceutical industries against ROS-induced damage.
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Garcez ML, Cassoma RCS, Mina F, Bellettini-Santos T, da Luz AP, Schiavo GL, Medeiros EB, Campos ACBF, da Silva S, Rempel LCT, Steckert AV, Barichello T, Budni J. Folic acid prevents habituation memory impairment and oxidative stress in an aging model induced by D-galactose. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:213-224. [PMID: 33219893 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of folic acid treatment in an animal model of aging induced by D-galactose (D-gal). For this propose, adult male Wistar rats received D-gal intraperitoneally (100 mg/kg) and/or folic acid orally (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. D-gal caused habituation memory impairment, and folic acid (10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) reversed this effect. However, folic acid 50 mg/kg per se caused habituation memory impairment. D-gal increased the lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to proteins in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus from rats. Folic acid (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, or 50 mg/kg) partially reversed the oxidative damage to lipids in the hippocampus, but not in the prefrontal cortex, and reversed protein oxidative damage in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. D-gal induced synaptophysin and BCL-2 decrease in the hippocampus and phosphorylated tau increase in the prefrontal cortex. Folic acid was able to reverse these D-gal-related alterations in the protein content. The present study shows folic acid supplementation as an alternative during the aging to prevent cognitive impairment and brain alterations that can cause neurodegenerative diseases. However, additional studies are necessary to elucidate the effect of folic acid in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lima Garcez
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Chiengo Sapalo Cassoma
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Francielle Mina
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Bellettini-Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Pereira da Luz
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Luis Schiavo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Behenck Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Brunatto Falchetti Campos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Lisienny Campoli Tono Rempel
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Amanda Valnier Steckert
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
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Gill K, Jakubik-Uljasz J, Rosiak-Gill A, Grabowska M, Matuszewski M, Piasecka M. Male aging as a causative factor of detrimental changes in human conventional semen parameters and sperm DNA integrity. Aging Male 2020; 23:1321-1332. [PMID: 32425138 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2020.1765330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of male aging on fertility potential is controversial and difficult to predict. The aim of our study was to determine the associations between age, basic semen parameters, and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF). Comparison of four age-dependent groups (men ≤29 years, 30-35 years, 36-40 years, and >40 years) revealed a significant fall in the basic semen characteristics and sperm genomic integrity with age. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis confirmed that men >29 years had lower semen quality. In the group of men >29 years, the prevalence of men with abnormal semen parameters was higher, and these men had over a threefold higher odds ratio (OR) for abnormal semen parameters. Next, ROC analysis revealed that a threshold of 18% SDF was optimal for discriminating between men with normal and abnormal standard semen parameters. The prevalence of men with >18% SDF was higher in the group of men >29 years than in men ≤29 years. Older men had an almost twofold higher risk for >18% SDF than younger men. Our results suggest that age >29 years may be a causative factor of detrimental changes in semen quality, which may raise the risk for disorders of male fertility potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Gill
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Jakubik-Uljasz
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Rosiak-Gill
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- VitroLive Fertility Clinic in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Grabowska
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata Piasecka
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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50
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Effects of dietary alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on the seminal parameters and fertility potential in aging broiler breeder roosters. Poult Sci 2020; 100:1221-1238. [PMID: 33518080 PMCID: PMC7858193 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in avian sperm cause more susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. Aging in roosters reduces the antioxidant capacity of sperm and thus fertility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) as a feed supplement to improve the semen quality and fertility parameters of aged broiler breeder roosters and identification of its most effective level. A total of forty-two roosters at 45 wk of age were randomly assigned to 7 treatments (0, 15, 40, 70, 95, 120, and 145 mg ALA/bird per day) for 8 wk. Semen parameters and body weight were assessed biweekly, and testosterone plasma levels were determined in the 8th wk of the experimental period. Artificial insemination was performed at the end of the experiment to evaluate the fertility potential. The dietary administration of ALA had no significant effects on body weight, semen volume, average path velocity, linearity, straightness, wobble, the amplitude of lateral head displacement, beat-cross frequency, sperm concentration, morphology, plasma testosterone level, fertility, or hatchability (P > 0.05). Alpha-lipoic acid supplementations resulted in a significant decrease in seminal malondialdehyde concentration and immotile (type D) sperms (P < 0.05). The total motility, progressive motility (types A + type B sperms), curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, viability, and membrane integrity of sperm improved with ALA dietary supplementations (P < 0.05). With increasing ALA levels, improvement in semen parameters had an incremental trend until the level of 95 mg ALA. Thus, 95 mg dietary ALA as an antioxidant supplement can improve semen quality of aging breeder roosters while higher doses resulted in no further improvement.
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