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Zhang Z, Sun Z, Jia R, Jiang D, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Wu YQ, Wang X. Protective effects of polydatin against bone and joint disorders: the in vitro and in vivo evidence so far. Nutr Res Rev 2024; 37:96-107. [PMID: 37088535 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422423000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Polydatin is an active polyphenol displaying multifaceted benefits. Recently, growing studies have noticed its potential therapeutic effects on bone and joint disorders (BJDs). Therefore, this article reviews recent in vivo and in vitro progress on the protective role of polydatin against BJDs. An insight into the underlying mechanisms is also presented. It was found that polydatin could promote osteogenesis in vitro, and symptom improvements have been disclosed with animal models of osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, osteoarthritis and rheumatic arthritis. These beneficial effects obtained in laboratory could be mainly attributed to the bone metabolism-regulating, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, apoptosis-regulating and autophagy-regulating functions of polydatin. However, studies on human subjects with BJDs that can lead to early identification of the clinical efficacy and adverse effects of polydatin have not been reported yet. Accordingly, this review serves as a starting point for pursuing clinical trials. Additionally, future emphasis should also be devoted to the low bioavailability and prompt metabolism nature of polydatin. In summary, well-designed clinical trials of polydatin in patients with BJD are in demand, and its pharmacokinetic nature must be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-materials, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County People's Hospital, Chongqing, 409899, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-materials, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Runze Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-materials, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingyu Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-materials, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchao Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-materials, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-materials, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Qi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-materials, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Artificial Osteo-materials, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
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Tseng YC, Fu LC, Chong HC, Tang ST, Yang SC, Huang WC, Yang YCS, Chen YL. Consumption of a Taiwanese cafeteria diet induces metabolic disorders and fecal flora changes in obese rats. Nutrition 2024; 117:112230. [PMID: 37897986 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Among diet-induced obesity animal models, the cafeteria diet, which contains human junk food and processed foods, is a popular experimental animal diets in Western countries. Consumption of a cafeteria diet can lead to the development of obesity and non-alcoholic liver disease in as soon as 2 mo, which more accurately reflects human eating patterns. The aim of this study was to establish a Taiwanese cafeteria diet and compare it with a traditional lard-based, 60% high-fat diet in a 12-wk animal model. METHODS Six-wk-old male Wistar rats were assigned to the following three groups: control diet (C; LabDiet 5001); high-fat diet (HFD; 60% HFD); and the Taiwanese cafeteria diet (CAF). RESULTS At the end of the study, weight gain and steatosis were observed in the HF and CAF groups. Compared with the HFD group, rats in the CAF group showed significantly higher plasma triacylglycerol concentrations and insulin resistance, which may have been correlated with increased inflammatory responses. Significantly lower hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and insulin receptor substrate-1 protein expressions were observed in the CAF group compared with the HFD group. Additionally, disruption of the microbiotic composition followed by increased obesity-related bacteria was observed in the CAF group. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirmed that the Taiwanese cafeteria diet-induced rat model provided a potential platform for investigating obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chieh Tseng
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Chi Fu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Ching Chong
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Tang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Ching Yang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Sh Yang
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Maes M, Vasupanrajit A, Jirakran K, Klomkliew P, Chanchaem P, Tunvirachaisakul C, Plaimas K, Suratanee A, Payungporn S. Adverse childhood experiences and reoccurrence of illness impact the gut microbiome, which affects suicidal behaviours and the phenome of major depression: towards enterotypic phenotypes. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2023; 35:328-345. [PMID: 37052305 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The first publication demonstrating that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with alterations in the gut microbiota appeared in 2008 (Maes et al., 2008). The purpose of the present study is to delineate a) the microbiome signature of the phenome of depression, including suicidal behaviours (SB) and cognitive deficits; the effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and recurrence of illness index (ROI) on the microbiome; and the microbiome signature of lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc). We determined isometric log-ratio abundances or prevalences of gut microbiome phyla, genera, and species by analysing stool samples from 37 healthy Thai controls and 32 MDD patients using 16S rDNA sequencing. Six microbiome taxa accounted for 36% of the variance in the depression phenome, namely Hungatella and Fusicatenibacter (positive associations) and Butyricicoccus, Clostridium, Parabacteroides merdae, and Desulfovibrio piger (inverse association). This profile (labelled enterotype 1) indicates compositional dysbiosis, is strongly predicted by ACE and ROI, and is linked to SB. A second enterotype was developed that predicted a decrease in HDLc and an increase in the atherogenic index of plasma (Bifidobacterium, P. merdae, and Romboutsia were positively associated, while Proteobacteria and Clostridium sensu stricto were negatively associated). Together, enterotypes 1 and 2 explained 40.4% of the variance in the depression phenome, and enterotype 1 in conjunction with HDLc explained 39.9% of the variance in current SB. In conclusion, the microimmuneoxysome is a potential new drug target for the treatment of severe depression and SB and possibly for the prevention of future episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul02447, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Asara Vasupanrajit
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ketsupar Jirakran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
- Maximizing Thai Children's Developmental Potential Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pavit Klomkliew
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prangwalai Chanchaem
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chavit Tunvirachaisakul
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kitiporn Plaimas
- Advanced Virtual and Intelligent Computing (AVIC) Center, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Apichat Suratanee
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok10800, Thailand
| | - Sunchai Payungporn
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Bernabeu M, Gharibzahedi SMT, Ganaie AA, Macha MA, Dar BN, Castagnini JM, Garcia-Bonillo C, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Altintas Z, Barba FJ. The potential modulation of gut microbiota and oxidative stress by dietary carotenoid pigments. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37691412 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2254383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating the response to immune checkpoint therapy, therefore modulation of the microbiome with bioactive molecules like carotenoids might be a very effective strategy to reduce the risk of chronic diseases. This review highlights the bio-functional effect of carotenoids on Gut Microbiota modulation based on a bibliographic search of the different databases. The methodology given in the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) has been employed for developing this review using papers published over two decades considering keywords related to carotenoids and gut microbiota. Moreover, studies related to the health-promoting properties of carotenoids and their utilization in the modulation of gut microbiota have been presented. Results showed that there can be quantitative changes in intestinal bacteria as a function of the type of carotenoid. Due to the dependency on several factors, gut microbiota continues to be a broad and complex study subject. Carotenoids are promising in the modulation of Gut Microbiota, which favored the appearance of beneficial bacteria, resulting in the protection of villi and intestinal permeability. In conclusion, it can be stated that carotenoids may help to protect the integrity of the intestinal epithelium from pathogens and activate immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Bernabeu
- Research Group in Innovative Technologies for Sustainable Food (ALISOST), Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda, Burjassot, Burjassot, València, Spain
- Vicerectorat de Recerca, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghi Gharibzahedi
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Engineering, Institute of Materials Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arsheed A Ganaie
- Watson Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Basharat N Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Juan M Castagnini
- Research Group in Innovative Technologies for Sustainable Food (ALISOST), Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda, Burjassot, Burjassot, València, Spain
| | | | | | - Zeynep Altintas
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Engineering, Institute of Materials Science, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Francisco J Barba
- Research Group in Innovative Technologies for Sustainable Food (ALISOST), Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda, Burjassot, Burjassot, València, Spain
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Kazura W, Michalczyk K, Stygar D. The Relationship between the Source of Dietary Animal Fats and Proteins and the Gut Microbiota Condition and Obesity in Humans. Nutrients 2023; 15:3082. [PMID: 37513500 PMCID: PMC10385089 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between gut microbiota and obesity is well documented in humans and animal models. Dietary factors can change the intestinal microbiota composition and influence obesity development. However, knowledge of how diet, metabolism, and intestinal microbiota interact and modulate energy metabolism and obesity development is still limited. Epidemiological studies show a link between consuming dietary proteins and fats from specific sources and obesity. Animal studies confirm that proteins and fats of different origins differ in their ability to prevent or induce obesity. Protein sources, such as meat, dairy products, vegetables, pulses, and seafood, vary in their amino acid composition. In addition, the type and level of other factors, such as fatty acids or persistent organic pollutants, vary depending on the source of dietary protein. All these factors can modulate the intestinal microbiota composition and, thus, may influence obesity development. This review summarizes selected evidence of how proteins and fats of different origins affect energy efficiency, obesity development, and intestinal microbiota, linking protein and fat-dependent changes in the intestinal microbiota with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Kazura
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana Street 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Michalczyk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana Street 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dominika Stygar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana Street 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
- SLU University Animal Hospital, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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Kerem G, Yu X, Ismayi A, Teng B, Udduttula A, Liu C, Yu Z, Tohty D, Zhang JV, Ren PG. Small intestinal microbiota composition altered in obesity-T2DM mice with high salt fed. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8256. [PMID: 37217529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a global concern because of increasing the risk of many diseases. Alterations in human gut microbiota have been proven to be associated with obesity, yet the mechanism of how the microbiota are altered by high salt diet (HSD) remains obscure. In this study, the changes of Small Intestinal Microbiota (SIM) in obesity-T2DM mice were investigated. High-throughput sequencing was applied for the jejunum microbiota analysis. Results revealed that high salt intake (HS) could suppress the body weight (B.W.) in some extent. In addition, significant T2DM pathological features were revealed in high salt-high food diet (HS-HFD) group, despite of relatively lower food intake. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that the F/B ratio in HS intake groups increased significantly (P < 0.001), whereas beneficial bacteria, such as lactic acid or short chain fatty acid producing bacteria, were significantly decreased in HS-HFD group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Furthermore, Halorubrum luteum were observed in small intestine for the first time. Above results preliminary suggested that in obesity-T2DM mice, high dietary salt could aggravate the imbalance of composition of SIM to unhealthy direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goher Kerem
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangfang Yu
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aynur Ismayi
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Teng
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anjaneyulu Udduttula
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongjia Yu
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dilbar Tohty
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jian V Zhang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pei-Gen Ren
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
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Aydin OC, Aydın S, Barun S. Role of natural products and intestinal flora on type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:65-72. [PMID: 36687192 PMCID: PMC9846977 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complicated, globally expanding disease that is influenced by hereditary and environmental variables. Changes in modern society's food choices, physical inactivity, and obesity are significant factors in the development of type 2 DM (T2DM). The association between changes in intestinal flora and numerous disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, has been studied in recent years. The purpose of this review is to analyze the mechanisms underlying the alteration of the diabetic patients' intestinal flora, as well as their therapeutic choices. Also included is a summary of the anti-diabetic benefits of natural compounds demonstrated by studies. The short-chain fatty acids theory, the bile acid theory, and the endotoxin theory are all potential methods by which intestinal flora contributes to the establishment and progression of T2DM. Due to an intestinal flora imbalance, abnormalities in short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids have been found in diabetic patients. Additionally, metabolic endotoxemia with altering flora induces a systemic inflammatory response by stimulating the immune system via bacterial translocation. The agenda for diabetes treatment includes the use of short-chain fatty acids, probiotics, prebiotics in the diet, fecal bacteria transplantation, and antibiotics. Animal studies have proven the antidiabetic benefits of numerous bioactive substances, including Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Saponin, and Allicin. However, further research is required to contribute to the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Celik Aydin
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Erzincan Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | - Sonay Aydın
- Department of Radiology, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | - Sureyya Barun
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06500, Turkey
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D’Archivio M, Santangelo C, Silenzi A, Scazzocchio B, Varì R, Masella R. Dietary EVOO Polyphenols and Gut Microbiota Interaction: Are There Any Sex/Gender Influences? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091744. [PMID: 36139818 PMCID: PMC9495659 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that regular consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet, is associated with beneficial health effects and a reduced risk of developing chronic degenerative disorders. The beneficial effects of EVOO can be attributed to its unique composition in monounsaturated fats and phenolic compounds that provide important antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating activities. On the other hand, it is well known that the gut microbiota has several important roles in normal human physiology, and its composition can be influenced by a multitude of environmental and lifestyle factors, among which dietary components play a relevant role. In the last few years, the two-way interaction between polyphenols, including those in EVOO, and the gut microbiota, i.e., the modulation of the microbiota by polyphenols and that of polyphenol metabolism and bioavailability by the microbiota, has attracted growing attention, being potentially relevant to explain the final effects of polyphenols, as well as of the microbiota profile. Furthermore, sex and gender can affect dietary habits, polyphenol intake, and nutrient metabolism. Lastly, it has been recently suggested that differences in gut microbiota composition could be involved in the unequal incidence of metabolic diseases observed between women and men, due to sex-dependent effects on shaping gut microbiota profiles according to diet. This review summarizes the most recent studies on the relationship between EVOO polyphenols and the gut microbiota, taking into account possible influences of sex and gender in modulating such an interaction.
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Tyler SEB, Tyler LDK. Therapeutic roles of plants for 15 hypothesised causal bases of Alzheimer's disease. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:34. [PMID: 35996065 PMCID: PMC9395556 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is progressive and ultimately fatal, with current drugs failing to reverse and cure it. This study aimed to find plant species which may provide therapeutic bioactivities targeted to causal agents proposed to be driving AD. A novel toolkit methodology was employed, whereby clinical symptoms were translated into categories recognized in ethnomedicine. These categories were applied to find plant species with therapeutic effects, mined from ethnomedical surveys. Survey locations were mapped to assess how this data is at risk. Bioactivities were found of therapeutic relevance to 15 hypothesised causal bases for AD. 107 species with an ethnological report of memory improvement demonstrated therapeutic activity for all these 15 causal bases. The majority of the surveys were found to reside within biodiversity hotspots (centres of high biodiversity under threat), with loss of traditional knowledge the most common threat. Our findings suggest that the documented plants provide a large resource of AD therapeutic potential. In demonstrating bioactivities targeted to these causal bases, such plants may have the capacity to reduce or reverse AD, with promise as drug leads to target multiple AD hallmarks. However, there is a need to preserve ethnomedical knowledge, and the habitats on which this knowledge depends.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luke D K Tyler
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, UK
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10
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Kidney Bean Fermented Broth Alleviates Hyperlipidemic by Regulating Serum Metabolites and Gut Microbiota Composition. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153202. [PMID: 35956378 PMCID: PMC9370468 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia with fat accumulation and weight gain causes metabolic diseases and endangers human body health easily which is accompanied by metabolic abnormalities and intestinal flora disorders. In this study, the kidney bean fermented broth (KBF) was used in rats that were fed a high-fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia in order to subsequently analyse the serum metabolomics and gut microbiota modulatoration. The results show that the contents of the total polyphenols and total flavonoids in the KBF were up three and one times, while energy and carbohydrates decreased. In the HFD-induced hyperlipidemic model, body weight, organ weight, and the level of blood lipids (ALT, AST, TG, TC) were lower in rats treated with KBF than in the controls. Metabonomics indicate that there were significant differences in serum metabolomics between the KBF and the HFD. KBF could significantly improve the glycerophospholipids, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolism and amino acid metabolism of hyperlipidemic rats and then improve the symptoms of hypersterol and fat accumulation in rats. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria increased while pathogenic bacteria decreased after the intervention of KBF. KBF ameliorates dyslipidemia of HFD-induced hyperlipidemic via modulating the blood metabolism and the intestinal microbiota. Collectively, these findings suggest that KBF could be developed as a functional food for anti-hyperlipidemia.
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Sharma BR, Jaiswal S, Ravindra PV. Modulation of gut microbiota by bioactive compounds for prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113148. [PMID: 35665671 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Gut microbiota (GM) are specific groups of microbes colonized in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. They profoundly influence health, disease protection, and associated with metabolic activities, and play a vital role in the production of functional metabolites from dietary substances. Dysbiosis of GM has been linked to the onset of T2DM and can be altered to attain eubiosis by intervention with various nutritional bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, prebiotics, and probiotics. This review presents an overview of the evidence and underlying mechanisms by which bioactive compounds modulate the GM for the prevention and management of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basista Rabina Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), KRS Road, Opp. Rail Museum, Mysuru 570020, India
| | - Swarna Jaiswal
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin - City Campus, Central Quad, Grangegorman, Dublin D07 ADY7, Ireland; Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin - City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin D07 H6K8, Ireland
| | - P V Ravindra
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), KRS Road, Opp. Rail Museum, Mysuru 570020, India.
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12
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Jiang X, Sun B, Zhou Z. Preclinical Studies of Natural Products Targeting the Gut Microbiota: Beneficial Effects on Diabetes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8569-8581. [PMID: 35816090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, with a continuously increasing morbidity and mortality. Although traditional treatments including insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs maintain blood glucose levels within the normal range to a certain extent, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs that can effectively improve glucose metabolism and diabetes-related complications. Notably, accumulated evidence implicates that the gut microbiota is unbalanced in DM individuals and is involved in the physiological and pathological processes of this metabolic disease. In this review, we introduce the molecular mechanisms by which the gut microbiota contributes to the development of DM. Furthermore, we summarize the preclinical studies of bioactive natural products that exert antidiabetic effects by modulating the gut microbiota, aiming to expand the novel therapeutic strategies for DM prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Jiang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Boyu Sun
- The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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13
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Han Y, Kim G, Ahn E, Jung S, Jung Y, Kim Y, Ha E, Heo Y, Ryu DH, Park H, Hwang GS. Integrated metagenomics and metabolomics analysis illustrates the systemic impact of the gut microbiota on host metabolism after bariatric surgery. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:1224-1234. [PMID: 35257467 PMCID: PMC9313881 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore how bariatric surgery (BS) modified the obesity-associated gut microbiome, the host metabolome, and their interactions in obese Korean patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stool and fasting blood samples were obtained before and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after BS from 52 patients enrolled in the Korean Obesity Surgical Treatment Study. We analysed the gut microbiome by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the serum metabolome, including bile acids, by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. RESULTS Stool metagenomics showed that 27 microbiota were enriched and 14 microbiota were reduced after BS, whereas the abundances and diversity of observed features were increased. The levels of branched-chain amino acids and metabolites of energy metabolism in serum were decreased after surgery, whereas the levels of metabolites related to microbial metabolism, including dimethyl sulphone, glycine, and secondary bile acids, were increased in the serum samples. In addition, we found notable mutual associations among metabolites and gut microbiome changes attributed to BS. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the gut microbiome community and systemic levels of amino acids and sugars were directly derived from anatomical changes in the gastrointestinal tract after BS. We hypothesized that the observed increases in microbiome-related serum metabolites were a result of complex and indirect changes derived from BS. Ethnic-specific environmental or genetic factors could affect Korean-specific postmetabolic modification in obese patients who undergo BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeyoung Han
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Gihyeon Kim
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eunyong Ahn
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunhee Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngae Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunjae Kim
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yoonseok Heo
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Do Hyun Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
- Genome and Company, Seoungnam-si, Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Ganoderma lucidum protease hydrolyzate on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat diet fed rats. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Barido FH, Lee SK. Effect of detoxified Rhus verniciflua extract on oxidative stability
and quality improvement of raw chicken breast during cold
storage. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 64:380-395. [PMID: 35530403 PMCID: PMC9039955 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the utilization of detoxified Rhus
verniciflua (RV) extract as a natural antioxidant to extend the
shelf life of chicken breast meat during storage. Pre-heating at (35°C,
100°C, 120°C, and 140°C) was conducted on heartwood of RV
prior to extraction to improve its antioxidant activity and remove the
allergenic compound urushiol. The antioxidant activity was the highest when RV
pre-heated at 120°C with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and
azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging activity
observed at 62.29 EC50 µg/mL and 12.11 IC50 mg/mL,
respectively. Pre-heating also significantly increased the total phenolic
content (TPC), with the highest improvement was seen at 120°C,
100°C, and 140°C respectively, wherein 35°C shared no
difference with the raw RV (RRV). Urushiol content was vanished following
pre-heating at 120°C and 140°C. With respect to these result,
pre-heating treatment at 120°C was applied before the extraction of the
heartwood of RV. Prepared breast meat sample was dipped into distilled water as
a negative control, 0.02% butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as positive control,
and a solution containing detoxified RV extract (0.10%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 1.00%) at
4°C for 60 min. Treatment group with 0.50% and 1.00% addition increased
the redness and yellowness value on day 6 and day 3 of storage respectively
(p < 0.05). The pH value of breast meat was also
increased in treatment of 0.50% and 1.00% on day 0, but subsequently lower until
end of storge day compared to control negative (p <
0.05). Furthermore, 0.50% treatment exhibited a higher antioxidant activity,
stronger inhibition of the microbial growth evaluated by total viable count and
maintaining a lower total volatile basic nitrogen among treatments
(p < 0.05), unless for BHT and 1.00% treatment
groups (p > 0.05). It indicates a similar efficacy of
detoxified RV extract with that of positive control treated with BHT. The
results of this study suggested that dipping chicken breast meat into a solution
containing 0.50% of previously pre-heated RV heartwood at 120°C could be
a promising natural antioxidant for extending the shelf life, and at the same
time improve its quality during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouq Heidar Barido
- Department of Applied Animal Science,
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University,
Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Sung Ki Lee
- Department of Applied Animal Science,
College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University,
Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Corresponding author: Sung Ki Lee, Department of
Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National
University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. Tel: +82-33-250-8646, E-mail:
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16
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Aggarwal H, Pathak P, Singh V, Kumar Y, Shankar M, Das B, Jagavelu K, Dikshit M. Vancomycin-Induced Modulation of Gram-Positive Gut Bacteria and Metabolites Remediates Insulin Resistance in iNOS Knockout Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:795333. [PMID: 35127558 PMCID: PMC8807491 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.795333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of oxidative and nitrosative stress has been implied in both physiology and pathophysiology of metabolic disorders. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has emerged as a crucial regulator of host metabolism and gut microbiota activity. The present study examines the role of the gut microbiome in determining host metabolic functions in the absence of iNOS. Insulin-resistant and dyslipidemic iNOS-/- mice displayed reduced microbial diversity, with a higher relative abundance of Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium, gram-positive bacteria, and altered serum metabolites along with metabolic dysregulation. Vancomycin, which largely depletes gram-positive bacteria, reversed the insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and related metabolic anomalies in iNOS-/- mice. Such improvements in metabolic markers were accompanied by alterations in the expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis in the liver and adipose tissue, lipid uptake in adipose tissue, and lipid efflux in the liver and intestine tissue. The rescue of IR in vancomycin-treated iNOS-/- mice was accompanied with the changes in select serum metabolites such as 10-hydroxydecanoate, indole-3-ethanol, allantoin, hippurate, sebacic acid, aminoadipate, and ophthalmate, along with improvement in phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine (PE/PC) ratio. In the present study, we demonstrate that vancomycin-mediated depletion of gram-positive bacteria in iNOS-/- mice reversed the metabolic perturbations, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hobby Aggarwal
- Pharmacology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Priya Pathak
- Pharmacology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Vishal Singh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Yashwant Kumar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Division, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Manoharan Shankar
- Microbial Physiology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, India
| | - Bhabatosh Das
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Division, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Kumaravelu Jagavelu
- Pharmacology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Pharmacology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Non-Communicable Diseases Division, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
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17
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Rossella C, Laura F, Grazia MM, Raffaele B, Antonio T, Maria P, Francesco DV, Giovanni G. The crosstalk between gut microbiota, intestinal immunological niche and visceral adipose tissue as a new model for the pathogenesis of metabolic and inflammatory diseases: the paradigm of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:3189-3201. [PMID: 34986766 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220105121124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota (GM) comprises more than one thousand microorganisms between bacterial species, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, and represents the main actor of a wide net of molecular interactions, involving, among others, the endocrine system, immune responses, and metabolism. GM influences many endocrine functions such as adrenal steroidogenesis, thyroid function, sexual hormones, IGF-1 pathway and peptides produced in gastrointestinal system. It is fundamental in glycaemic control and obesity, while also exerting an important function in modulating the immune system and associated inflammatory disease. The result of this crosstalk in gut mucosa is the formation of the intestinal immunological niche. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) produces about 600 different peptides, it is involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and in some immune reactions through several adipokines. GM and VAT interact in a bidirectional fashion: while gut dysbiosis can modify VAT adipokines and hormone secretion, VAT hyperplasia modifies GM composition. Acquired or genetic factors leading to gut dysbiosis or increasing VAT (i.e., Western diet) induce a proinflammatory condition, which plays a pivotal role in the development of dysmetabolic and immunologic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is clearly associated with specific patterns of GM alterations, with an abundance or reduction of GM species involved in controlling mucosal barrier status, glycaemic levels and exerting a pro- or anti-inflammatory activity. All these factors could explain the higher incidence of several inflammatory conditions in Western countries; furthermore, besides the specific alterations observed in diabetes, this paradigm could represent a common pathway acting in many metabolic conditions and could pave the way to a new, interesting therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cianci Rossella
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS Largo A. Gemelli, 8 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Franza Laura
- Emergency Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Massaro Maria Grazia
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Borriello Raffaele
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tota Antonio
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pallozzi Maria
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - De Vito Francesco
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gambassi Giovanni
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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18
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Anti-obesity natural products and gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110819. [PMID: 34980371 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The link between gut microbiota and obesity or other metabolic syndromes is growing increasingly clear. Natural products are appreciated for their beneficial health effects in humans. Increasing investigations demonstrated that the anti-obesity bioactivities of many natural products are gut microbiota dependent. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on anti-obesity natural products acting through gut microbiota according to their chemical structures and signaling metabolites. Manipulation of the gut microbiota by natural products may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent obesity.
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19
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Effects of L. plantarum HY7715 on the Gut Microbial Community and Riboflavin Production in a Three-Stage Semi-Continuous Simulated Gut System. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122478. [PMID: 34946080 PMCID: PMC8704370 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics should be well established in the gut, passing through the digestive tract with a high degree of viability, and produce metabolites that improve the gut environment by interacting with the gut microbiome. Our previous study revealed that the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HY7715 strain shows good bile acid resistance and a riboflavin production capacity. To confirm the interaction between HY7715 and gut microbiome, we performed a metabolite and microbiome study using a simulated gut system (SGS) that mimics the intestinal environment. Changes in the microbiome were confirmed and compared with L. plantarum NCDO1752 as the control. After 14 days, the HY7715 treatment group showed a relatively high butyrate content compared to the control group, which showed increased acetate and propionate concentrations. Moreover, the riboflavin content was higher in the HY7715 treatment group, whereas the NCDO1752 treatment group produced only small amounts of riboflavin during the treatment period and showed a tendency to decrease during the washout stage; however, the HY7715 group produced riboflavin continuously in the ascending colon during the washout period. A correlation analysis of the genus that increased as the content of riboflavin increased revealed butyrate-producing microorganisms, such as Blautia and Flavonifractor. In conclusion, treatment with L. plantarum HY7715 induced the production and maintenance of riboflavin and the enrichment of the intestinal microbiome
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20
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Hassan NE, El-Masry SA, Nageeb A, El Hussieny MS, Khalil A, Aly M, Selim M, Alian K, Abdel Rasheed E, Abdel Wahed MM, Amine D. Linking Gut Microbiota, Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Health among a Sample of Obese Egyptian Females. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies of the gut microbiota have revealed a great link to obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to review the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in terms of the components of MetS among a sample of obese Egyptian female patients and to assess current potential gut microbiota targeted therapies for the treatment of MetS. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study included 82 obese Egyptian women. All participants were subjected to anthropometric assessment; and laboratory evaluation of fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid profile and insulin resistance (HOMA), in addition to fecal microbiota analysis for Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroid. Results: Among obese group with MetS, Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes Ratio was negatively associated with HOMA and positively associated with serum cholesterol and LDL, while lactobacillus was negatively associated with serum cholesterol. Among obese group without MetS, Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes ratio is negatively associated with WC (central obesity marker) and positively associated with CRP (inflammatory marker), while lactobacillus was positively correlated with FBS and HOMA, and Bifidobacteria was negatively associated with serum cholesterol and LDL.Conclusion: The two beneficial types the Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria supplementation in form of probiotic with therapeutic treatment and decreasing of WChave their important role in controlling and treating hypertension, serum cholesterol and LDL levels, among obese females even with MetS.
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21
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Shaping the gut microbiota by bioactive phytochemicals: An emerging approach for the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Biochimie 2021; 193:38-63. [PMID: 34688789 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The human digestive tract is the cottage to trillions of live microorganisms, which regulate health and illness. A healthy Gut Microbiota (GM) is necessary for preventing microbial growth, body growth, obesity, cancer, diabetes, and enhancing immunity. The equilibrium in GM's composition and the presence/absence of critical species enable specific responses to be essential for the host's better health condition. Research evidences revealed that the dietary plants and their bioactive phytochemicals (BPs) play an extensive and critical role in shaping the GM to get beneficial health effects. BPs are also known to improve gastrointestinal health and reduce the risk of several diseases by modulating GM-mediated cellular and molecular processes. Regular intake of BPs-rich vegetables, fruits, and herbal preparations promotes probiotic bacteria, including Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus species, while inhibiting unwanted gut residents' development Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium etc. Upon consumption, BPs contact the GM that gets transformed before being absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Biotransformation of BPs by GM is linked with the enhancement of bioactivity/toxicity diminishment of the BPs compared to parental phytochemicals. Therefore, the current review focuses on the role of BPs in shaping GM for the prevention and treatment of human diseases.
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22
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de Alvarenga JFR, Genaro B, Costa BL, Purgatto E, Manach C, Fiamoncini J. Monoterpenes: current knowledge on food source, metabolism, and health effects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1352-1389. [PMID: 34387521 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1963945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Monoterpenes, volatile metabolites produced by plants, are involved in the taste and aroma perception of fruits and vegetables and have been used for centuries in gastronomy, as food preservatives and for therapeutic purposes. Biological activities such as antimicrobial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory are well-established for some of these molecules. More recently, the ability of monoterpenes to regulate energy metabolism, and exert antidiabetic, anti-obesity and gut microbiota modulation activities have been described. Despite their promising health effects, the lack of reliable quantification of monoterpenes in food, hindered the investigation of their role as dietary bioactive compounds in epidemiological studies. Moreover, only few studies have documented the biotransformation of these compounds and identified the monoterpene metabolites with biological activity. This review presents up-to-date knowledge about the occurrence of monoterpenes in food, their bioavailability and potential role in the modulation of intermediate metabolism and inflammation, focusing on novel findings of molecular mechanisms, underlining research gaps and new avenues to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Fernando Rinaldi de Alvarenga
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Food Research Center (FoRC), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brunna Genaro
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Lamesa Costa
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Food Research Center (FoRC), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudine Manach
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jarlei Fiamoncini
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Food Research Center (FoRC), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Belda I, Cueva C, Tamargo A, Ravarani CN, Acedo A, Bartolomé B, Moreno-Arribas MV. A multi-omics approach for understanding the effects of moderate wine consumption on human intestinal health. Food Funct 2021; 12:4152-4164. [PMID: 33977942 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02938f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The human gut is a highly diverse microbial ecosystem. Although showing a well-defined core of dominant taxa, an interindividual variability exists in microbiome arrangement patterns, and the presence and proportion of specific species, determining individual metabolic features-metabotypes-which govern the health effects of dietary interventions (i.e. polyphenol consumption). Starting with a 19-volunteer human intervention study, divided into low, medium, and high wine-polyphenol-metabolizers, we detected interindividual discrepancies on the effect of wine consumption in gut bacterial alpha-diversity, but a significant homogenization of beta-diversity among moderate wine consumers, independently of their metabotype. In addition, the abundance of key health-related taxa such as Akkermansia sp. increased after moderate wine intake in the group of high polyphenol-metabolizers. Regarding the metabolic activity, significant (p < 0.05) positive correlations in the production of SCFAs were observed after wine intake. Finally, we were able to correlate the microbiome and the metabolome of the three metabotypes, and to identify some metabolites-biomarker species, highlighting the genera Phascolarctobacterium, Pelotomaculum and Prevotella, as positively correlated with polyphenol concentration, and Prevotella, Zymophilus and Eubacterium as positively correlated with SCFAs concentration in faeces. Our results contribute to the evidence of the need of including the microbiome variable in personalized nutrition programs, as different metabotyes respond differently to dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Belda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain and Biome Makers Inc, 95605-West Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Carolina Cueva
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049-Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alba Tamargo
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049-Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | - Begoña Bartolomé
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, C/Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049-Madrid, Spain.
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24
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Co-Encapsulated Synbiotics and Immobilized Probiotics in Human Health and Gut Microbiota Modulation. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061297. [PMID: 34200108 PMCID: PMC8230215 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing interest in the development of innovative functional products as ideal carriers for synbiotics, e.g., nutrient bars, yogurt, chocolate, juice, ice cream, and cheese, to ensure the daily intake of probiotics and prebiotics, which are needed to maintain a healthy gut microbiota and overall well-being, is undeniable and inevitable. This review focuses on the modern approaches that are currently being developed to modulate the gut microbiota, with an emphasis on the health benefits mediated by co-encapsulated synbiotics and immobilized probiotics. The impact of processing, storage, and simulated gastrointestinal conditions on the viability and bioactivity of probiotics together with prebiotics such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, phytochemicals, and dietary fibers using various delivery systems are considered. Despite the proven biological properties of synbiotics, research in this area needs to be focused on the proper selection of probiotic strains, their prebiotic counterparts, and delivery systems to avoid suppression of their synergistic or complementary effect on human health. Future directions should lead to the development of functional food products containing stable synbiotics tailored for different age groups or specifically designed to fulfill the needs of adjuvant therapy.
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25
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Fang Q, Liu N, Zheng B, Guo F, Zeng X, Huang X, Ouyang D. Roles of Gut Microbial Metabolites in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:636175. [PMID: 34093430 PMCID: PMC8173181 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.636175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a highly prevalent metabolic disease that has emerged as a global challenge due to its increasing prevalence and lack of sustainable treatment. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which is one of the most frequent and severe microvascular complications of diabetes, is difficult to treat with contemporary glucose-lowering medications. The gut microbiota plays an important role in human health and disease, and its metabolites have both beneficial and harmful effects on vital physiological processes. In this review, we summarize the current findings regarding the role of gut microbial metabolites in the development and progression of DKD, which will help us better understand the possible mechanisms of DKD and explore potential therapeutic approaches for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Fang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Binjie Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Fei Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Xiangchang Zeng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Dongsheng Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha Duxact Biotech Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
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Atanasov AG, Zotchev SB, Dirsch VM, Supuran CT. Natural products in drug discovery: advances and opportunities. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:200-216. [PMID: 33510482 PMCID: PMC7841765 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-00114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1660] [Impact Index Per Article: 553.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural products and their structural analogues have historically made a major contribution to pharmacotherapy, especially for cancer and infectious diseases. Nevertheless, natural products also present challenges for drug discovery, such as technical barriers to screening, isolation, characterization and optimization, which contributed to a decline in their pursuit by the pharmaceutical industry from the 1990s onwards. In recent years, several technological and scientific developments - including improved analytical tools, genome mining and engineering strategies, and microbial culturing advances - are addressing such challenges and opening up new opportunities. Consequently, interest in natural products as drug leads is being revitalized, particularly for tackling antimicrobial resistance. Here, we summarize recent technological developments that are enabling natural product-based drug discovery, highlight selected applications and discuss key opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sergey B Zotchev
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena M Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Florence, Italy.
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Abdulrahman AO, Alzubaidi MY, Nadeem MS, Khan JA, Rather IA, Khan MI. Effects of urolithins on obesity-associated gut dysbiosis in rats fed on a high-fat diet. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 72:923-934. [PMID: 33618593 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1886255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health concern associated with the dysbiosis of intestinal microbial composition. In this study, we investigated the potentials of urolithin A (Uro-A) and urolithin B (Uro-B), two gut microbiota-derived metabolites of ellagitannins, in reducing body weight gain through the modulation of the gut microbiota. We established a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity model in rats that were later administered with either 2.5 mg/kg of Uro-A or Uro-B. Serum biochemical parameters were quantified, and changes in the composition of the gut microbial community were analysed using 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Our results showed that the urolithins significantly decreased the body weight in HFD-fed rats and restored serum lipid profile. The taxonomic analysis showed that both Uro-A and Uro-modulated gut microbes related to body weight, dysfunctional lipid metabolism and inflammation. Overall, our results suggest that Uro-A and Uro-B possess anti-obesity properties, which may be related to the modulation of the gut microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalaluddin Awlia Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan A Rather
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Diet- and sex-related changes of gut microbiota composition and functional profiles after 4 months of weight loss intervention. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:3279-3301. [PMID: 33591390 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity has been related to intestinal dysbiosis and the modification of gut microbiota composition by dietary strategies becomes a promising strategy to help manage obesity. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of two weight-loss diets on the composition and functional profile of gut microbiota. METHODS 55 men and 124 women with BMI > 25 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to moderately high-protein (MHP) or low-fat (LF) diet. Differences in fecal bacteria abundance (based on 16 s rRNA sequencing) between before and after 4 months of calorie restriction was analyzed using EdgeR tool in MicrobiomeAnalyst platform. Bacterial functional profile was predicted using Tax4Fun and metagenomeSeq analysis. Significant KEGG Orthology (KO) terms were selected for the metabolomic study using chromatography. RESULTS After the intervention, MHP-men showed a significant decrease in Negativicutes, Selenomonadales, Dielma and Dielma fastidiosa. LF-men showed a significant increase in Bacilli, Lactobacillales, Christensenellaceae, Peptococcaceae, and Streptococcaceae, Peptococcus, Streptococcus and Christensenella, Duncaniella dubosii_CP039396_93.49%, Roseburia sp_AB744234_98.96% and Alistipes inops_KJ572413_99.57%. MHP-women increased Pasteurellales, Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans_LR215981_99.55% and decreased in Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens_NR112902_99.56%. Finally, LF-women presented a significant decrease in Bacteroides clarus and Erysipelothrix inopinata_CP060715_84.4%. Surprisingly, no matching bacterial changes were found between these four groups. A total of 42 KO, 10 metabolic pathways and 107 related metabolites related were found implicated in these bacterial changes. Seven metabolites were confirmed in plasma. CONCLUSION Weight-loss-related-changes in gut microbiome composition and the functional profile occur in a sex- and diet-related manner, showing that women and men could differentially benefit from the consumption of MHP and LF diets. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02737267, 10th March 2016 retrospectively registered.
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29
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Labban RSM, ALfawaz HA, Moubayed NM, Shawakir YA, El-Ansary A. Impacts of the independent and synergistic effects of curcuma and mangosteen extracts on the gut bacterial composition in lean and obese rats. Microb Pathog 2021; 153:104794. [PMID: 33581279 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dietary polyphenols in plant extracts are being widely investigated due to their great health-promoting activities and effect on modulating gut ecology. In turn, gut microbiota, plays a vital role in the biological activities of phenolic metabolites, particularly after the intake of food rich in polyphenols, such as plant extracts. However, this two-way relationship between polyphenols and microbiota is poorly understood. We prepared curcuma and mangosteen methanol extracts and fed them to healthy, lean, and obese rats over a period of 10 weeks. Subsequent alterations in the gut microbiota were determined. Overall, Firmicutes were more abundant than Bacteroidetes throughout the experiment. A particular increase of gram-positive cocci species and a significant decrease in both Clostridium and Bacteroides species were noted primarily in the first weeks of both plant extract intake in the control and lean rats. Compared to obese rats fed a regular diet, obese rats fed plant extracts showed an increase in Enterobacteriacea, Clostridium, and Bacteroides species and a decrease in gram-positive cocci in the first weeks of treatment with the last weeks of treatment the results at the species level were inverted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranyah Shaker M Labban
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Ministry of Health, General Administration of Nutrition, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan A ALfawaz
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadine Ms Moubayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yasser Al- Shawakir
- Prince Naif for Health Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf El-Ansary
- Central Laboratory, Female Centre for Scientific and Medical Studies, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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30
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Mediterranean Diet for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes in the Covid-19 Era: Implications of Il-6 In Diabesity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031213. [PMID: 33530554 PMCID: PMC7866163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to highlight the influence of the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) during the COVID-19 pandemic era and the specific role of interleukin (IL)-6 in diabesity. It is known that diabetes, high body mass index, high glycated hemoglobin and raised serum IL-6 levels are predictive of poor outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The immunopathological mechanisms of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection include rising levels of several cytokines and in particular IL-6. The latter is associated with hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and could be useful for predicting the development of GDM. Rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals, MedDiet improves the immune system and could modulate IL-6, C reactive protein and Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB. Moreover, polyphenols could modulate microbiota composition, inhibit the NF-κB pathway, lower IL-6, and upregulate antioxidant enzymes. Finally, adhering to the MedDiet prior to and during pregnancy could have a protective effect, reducing GWG and the risk of GDM, as well as improving the immune response to viral infections such as COVID-19.
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Moustafa MAM, Chel HM, Thu MJ, Bawm S, Htun LL, Win MM, Oo ZM, Ohsawa N, Lahdenperä M, Mohamed WMA, Ito K, Nonaka N, Nakao R, Katakura K. Anthropogenic interferences lead to gut microbiome dysbiosis in Asian elephants and may alter adaptation processes to surrounding environments. Sci Rep 2021; 11:741. [PMID: 33436882 PMCID: PMC7803949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human activities interfere with wild animals and lead to the loss of many animal populations. Therefore, efforts have been made to understand how wildlife can rebound from anthropogenic disturbances. An essential mechanism to adapt to environmental and social changes is the fluctuations in the host gut microbiome. Here we give a comprehensive description of anthropogenically induced microbiome alterations in Asian elephants (n = 30). We detected gut microbial changes due to overseas translocation, captivity and deworming. We found that microbes belonging to Planococcaceae had the highest contribution in the microbiome alterations after translocation, while Clostridiaceae, Spirochaetaceae and Bacteroidia were the most affected after captivity. However, deworming significantly changed the abundance of Flavobacteriaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Weeksellaceae and Burkholderiaceae. These findings may provide fundamental ideas to help guide the preservation tactics and probiotic replacement therapies of a dysbiosed gut microbiome in Asian elephants. More generally, these results show the severity of anthropogenic activities at the level of gut microbiome, altering the adaptation processes to new environments and the subsequent capability to maintain normal physiological processes in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Hla Myet Chel
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 15013, Myanmar
| | - May June Thu
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
- Department of Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Sports, Zabu Thiri, Nay Pyi Taw, 15011, Myanmar
| | - Saw Bawm
- Department of Pharmacology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 15013, Myanmar
| | - Lat Lat Htun
- Department of Pharmacology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 15013, Myanmar
| | - Mar Mar Win
- Rector Office, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 15013, Myanmar
| | - Zaw Min Oo
- Department of Extraction, Myanma Timber Enterprise, Insein, Yangon, Myanmar
| | | | - Mirkka Lahdenperä
- Department of Public Health, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Kimihito Ito
- Division of Bioinformatics, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Nariaki Nonaka
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakao
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan.
| | - Ken Katakura
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
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32
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Haran JP, McCormick BA. Aging, Frailty, and the Microbiome-How Dysbiosis Influences Human Aging and Disease. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:507-523. [PMID: 33307030 PMCID: PMC7856216 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome is a collection of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and viruses that coexist in our bodies and are essential in protective, metabolic, and physiologic functions of human health. Gut dysbiosis has traditionally been linked to increased risk of infection, but imbalances within the intestinal microbial community structure that correlate with untoward inflammatory responses are increasingly recognized as being involved in disease processes that affect many organ systems in the body. Furthermore, it is becoming more apparent that the connection between gut dysbiosis and age-related diseases may lie in how the gut microbiome communicates with both the intestinal mucosa and the systemic immune system, given that these networks have a common interconnection to frailty. We therefore discuss recent advances in our understanding of the important role the microbiome plays in aging and how this knowledge opens the door for potential novel therapeutics aimed at shaping a less dysbiotic microbiome to prevent or treat age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Haran
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems; Center for Microbiome Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.
| | - Beth A McCormick
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems; Center for Microbiome Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
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33
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Campos-Ramírez C, Ramírez-Amaya V, Olalde-Mendoza L, Palacios-Delgado J, Anaya-Loyola MA. Soft Drink Consumption in Young Mexican Adults Is Associated with Higher Total Body Fat Percentage in Men but Not in Women. Foods 2020; 9:E1760. [PMID: 33260727 PMCID: PMC7761352 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A high consumption of soft drinks (SDs) has been linked with the development of anthropometric and metabolic alterations. We evaluate the association between SD consumption and some anthropometric and metabolic variables. This study is an observational study, using a sample of 394 university students, of which 158 were men (40.1%) and 238 women (59.9%), between 18 and 30 years. An SD intake questionnaire provided the consumption of different SDs. The participants' weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences were collected. Metabolic biomarkers were analyzed. The average intake of caloric SDs (CSDs) was 1193.6 ± 1534.8 mL/week and 84.5 ± 115.02 mL/week for non-caloric SDs (NCSDs). Sex differences were found in the amount of SD consumption and these statistical differences were driven by those men subjects with a high total body fat percentage (TBF%). In men, correlations were found between the intake of CSDs and the body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, TBF%, and visceral fat percentage. In woman, a correlation was found with glucose and triglycerides. The prediction model revealed that the intake of CSDs predicts TBF% and low-density lipoprotein only in men. A high amount of CSD consumption in men was associated with a high TBF%, and this may be predictive of future development of metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Campos-Ramírez
- Program of Biological Science, Department of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (C.C.-R.); (L.O.-M.)
| | - Víctor Ramírez-Amaya
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Friuli 2434, Colinas de Vélez Sarsfield, Córdoba 5016, Argentina;
| | - Liliana Olalde-Mendoza
- Program of Biological Science, Department of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico; (C.C.-R.); (L.O.-M.)
| | - Jorge Palacios-Delgado
- University of Mexican Valley-Campus Juriquilla, Blvd. Juriquilla 1000 Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico;
| | - Miriam Aracely Anaya-Loyola
- Department of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
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34
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Lin W, Lai Y, Kalyanam N, Ho C, Pan M. S
‐Allylcysteine Inhibits PhIP/DSS‐Induced Colon Carcinogenesis through Mitigating Inflammation, Targeting Keap1, and Modulating Microbiota Composition in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Sheng Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Ying‐Jang Lai
- Department of Food Science National Quemoy University Quemoy County 89250 Taiwan
| | | | - Chi‐Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA
| | - Min‐Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taichung 40402 Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology Asia University Taichung 41354 Taiwan
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35
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Rogers SW, Myers EJ, Gahring LC. Age-Associated Tooth Loss and Oral Microbial Dysbiosis in a Mouse Genetic Model of Chronic Nicotine Exposure. Front Immunol 2020; 11:575200. [PMID: 33117372 PMCID: PMC7575759 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine acts as a potent modulator of normal cellular responses through the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtype alpha7. In a mouse genetic model of alpha7 receptor dysfunction, alpha7E260A:G, 85 percent of 18 month-old mice exhibit an age-associated spontaneous loosening or complete loss of 3rd molars that was not present in the control mice. The adjacent soft tissues appeared largely unaffected. Further analysis including micro-CT revealed evidence of bone loss surrounding the 3rd molars with areas of cavitation and/or sponge-like (cancellous) bone remodeling in the mandible. The mandible microbiome was examined using 16S-rRNA sequencing. The results show the alpha7E260A:G oral microbiome included increased landscape complexity indicative of dysbiosis, and a significant increase of some bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus. These results suggest that normal alpha7 function plays a relevant role in maintaining normal gene expression and oral microbiome stasis. Consequently, this mouse model suggests there are consequences to ongoing alpha7 receptor dysfunction and oral health, as can occur from chronic exposure to nicotine as expected from electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS or "vaping"), that may not be seen until older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Rogers
- Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center: Geriatrics, Research, Education and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Myers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Lorise C Gahring
- Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center: Geriatrics, Research, Education and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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36
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Borse SP, Chhipa AS, Sharma V, Singh DP, Nivsarkar M. Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Current Strategies, Unfocussed Aspects, Challenges, and Alternatives. Med Princ Pract 2020; 30:109-121. [PMID: 32818934 PMCID: PMC8114074 DOI: 10.1159/000511002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for >90% of the cases of diabetes in adults. Resistance to insulin action is the major cause that leads to chronic hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. T2DM is the consequence of activation of multiple pathways and factors involved in insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Also, the etiology of T2DM involves the complex interplay between genetics and environmental factors. This interplay can be governed efficiently by lifestyle modifications to achieve better management of diabetes. The present review aims at discussing the major factors involved in the development of T2DM that remain unfocussed during the anti-diabetic therapy. The review also focuses on lifestyle modifications that are warranted for the successful management of T2DM. In addition, it attempts to explain flaws in current strategies to combat diabetes. The employability of phytoconstituents as multitargeting molecules and their potential use as effective therapeutic adjuvants to first line hypoglycemic agents to prevent side effects caused by the synthetic drugs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil P Borse
- AYUSH-Center of Excellence, Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (CCIH), Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Pune, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Thaltej, India
| | - Abu Sufiyan Chhipa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Thaltej, India
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Vipin Sharma
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | | | - Manish Nivsarkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Thaltej, India,
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Li R, Huang X, Liang X, Su M, Lai KP, Chen J. Integrated omics analysis reveals the alteration of gut microbe-metabolites in obese adults. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:5882185. [PMID: 32770198 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a risk to health, is a global problem in modern society. The prevalence of obesity was approximately 13% among world's adult population. Recently, several reports suggested that the interference of gut microbiota composition and function is associated with metabolic disorders, including obesity. Gut microbiota produce a board range of metabolites involved in energy and glucose homeostasis, leading to the alteration in host metabolism. However, systematic evaluation of the relationship between gut microbiota, gut metabolite and host metabolite profiles in obese adults is still lacking. In this study, we used comparative metagenomics and metabolomics analysis to determine the gut microbiota and gut-host metabolite profiles in six normal and obese adults of Chinese origin, respectively. Following the functional and pathway analysis, we aimed to understand the possible impact of gut microbiota on the host metabolites via the change in gut metabolites. The result showed that the change in gut microbiota may result in the modulation of gut metabolites contributing to glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and homolactic fermentation. Furthermore, integrated metabolomic analysis demonstrated a possible positive correlation of dysregulated metabolites in the gut and host, including l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine, uric acid, kynurenic acid, cholesterol sulfate and glucosamine, which were reported to contribute to metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. The findings of this study provide the possible association between gut microbiota-metabolites and host metabolism in obese adults. The identified metabolite changes could serve as biomarkers for the evaluation of obesity and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Min Su
- Guilin Medical University
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Farràs M, Martinez-Gili L, Portune K, Arranz S, Frost G, Tondo M, Blanco-Vaca F. Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds: Implications for Lipid Metabolism, Immune System, and Obesity. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082200. [PMID: 32718098 PMCID: PMC7468985 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is extensive information of the beneficial effects of virgin olive oil (VOO), especially on cardiovascular diseases. Some VOO healthy properties have been attributed to their phenolic-compounds (PCs). The aim of this review is to present updated data on the effects of olive oil (OO) PCs on the gut microbiota, lipid metabolism, immune system, and obesity, as well as on the crosstalk among them. We summarize experiments and clinical trials which assessed the specific effects of the olive oil phenolic-compounds (OOPCs) without the synergy with OO-fats. Several studies have demonstrated that OOPC consumption increases Bacteroidetes and/or reduces the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, which have both been related to atheroprotection. OOPCs also increase certain beneficial bacteria and gut-bacteria diversity which can be therapeutic for lipid-immune disorders and obesity. Furthermore, some of the mechanisms implicated in the crosstalk between OOPCs and these disorders include antimicrobial-activity, cholesterol microbial metabolism, and metabolites produced by bacteria. Specifically, OOPCs modulate short-chain fatty-acids produced by gut-microbiota, which can affect cholesterol metabolism and the immune system, and may play a role in weight gain through promoting satiety. Since data in humans are scarce, there is a necessity for more clinical trials designed to assess the specific role of the OOPCs in this crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Farràs
- Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-935537595
| | - Laura Martinez-Gili
- Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Kevin Portune
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, AstondoBidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (K.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Sara Arranz
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, AstondoBidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (K.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Gary Frost
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Mireia Tondo
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Servei de Bioquímica-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Francisco Blanco-Vaca
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Servei de Bioquímica-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain;
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Effects of Paper Mulberry Silage on the Milk Production, Apparent Digestibility, Antioxidant Capacity, and Fecal Bacteria Composition in Holstein Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10071152. [PMID: 32645955 PMCID: PMC7401539 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera; PM) is a type of roughage rich in bioactive substances, such as phenolics and flavonoids, which are beneficial for animal health. This study evaluated the apparent digestibility of PM silage in Holstein dairy cows and its effect on the milk production, antioxidant capacity, and fecal bacteria composition of the animals. The results showed that the PM silage had no significant influence on the milk yield, apparent digestibility, and fecal bacteria composition of dairy cows. However, diets with PM silage can enhance the antioxidant and immune capacity of dairy cows, mainly due to the bioactive substance in PM. Today, faced with a shortage of feedstuff resources in ruminants, PM can be a useful feed resource for ruminants. Simultaneously, with the ban on antibiotics, PM may become an important functional feed for protecting animal health. Abstract Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera; PM) is an excellent and extensive type of roughage in Asia. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of PM silage on the milk production, apparent digestibility, antioxidant capacity, and fecal bacteria composition in Holstein dairy cows. Forty-five lactating Holstein dairy cows with a similar milk yield and parity were selected and randomly assigned to three groups. The control group was fed a non-PM silage diet, and the PM-treated groups were fed 4.5 and 9.0% PM silage supplementary diets for 28 days. Then, treatment groups were fed diets containing 13.5 and 18.0% PM silage for the next 28 days, respectively. PM silage increased the milk urea nitrogen and decreased the somatic cell count (p < 0.05), but did not affect the dry matter intake, milk yield, apparent digestibility, and energy balance of dairy cows. PM silage can enhance the blood total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and immune globulin content (p < 0.05). The PM silage significantly decreased the relative abundance of the genera Ruminococcaceae UCG-013 and Tyzzerella-4 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, PM silage enhanced the antioxidant capacity and immunity of dairy cows, but did not influence the milk yield, dry matter digestibility, and fecal bacteria composition.
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Shi Q, Zhang Q, Xiang X, Tian J, Xie Y, Jin S, Yuan E, Huang R, Song C. The Hypolipidemic Effect of Active Components in the Decoction of Alisma Orientale and their Chemical Structures Characterized by LC-QTOF-MS/MS. CURR PHARM ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412915666190207151908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The decoction of Alisma orientale is used as a traditional medicine for the
treatment of hyperlipidemia in China with a long clinical history. The present study undertook a detailed
investigation to compare the hypolipidemic effect and chemical composition of two extracts of
Alisma orientale prepared by boiling water and organic reagent, respectively.
Methods:
The hyperlipidemic mice were induced by administration of a High-Fat Diet (HFD) for one
month. The body weight of mice and the serum Cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(HDL-C), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)
and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were determined. Meanwhile, the chemical constituents of
the extracts were characterized using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry
(LC-QTOF-MS/MS).
Results:
The better hypolipidemic effect was observed in mice administered with the decoction compared
to that of methanol extract. In addition, the liver protective effects were confirmed by the photographs
stained with oil red lipid stain. As for the chemical constituents in the extracts, twenty major
components were identified or characterized using LC-QTOF-MS/MS. Among them, eight oligopeptides
were characterized for the first time and proved to only exist in the decoction of Alisma orientale.
Conclusion:
It is reasonable to assume that the oligopeptides may partially contribute to the hypolipidemic
effect of Alisma orientale. The structural characterization procedures also provide a suitable
method to analyze oligopeptide analogues in plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Xingliang Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ji Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuna Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection; and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - En Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rongzeng Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengwu Song
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Chen L, Zhang L, Wang W, Qiu W, Liu L, Ning A, Cao J, Huang M, Zhong M. Polysaccharides isolated from Cordyceps Sinensis contribute to the progression of NASH by modifying the gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232972. [PMID: 32512581 PMCID: PMC7279895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Various dietary fibers are considered to prevent obesity by modulating the gut microbiota. Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide (CSP) is a soluble dietary fiber known to have protective effects against obesity and related diseases, but whether these effects induce any side effects remains unknown. The function and safety of CSP were tested in high-fat diet (HFD)-feding C57BL/6J mice. The results revealed that even though CSP supplementation could prevent an increase in body weight, it aggravated liver fibrosis and steatosis as evidenced by increased inflammation, lipid metabolism markers, insulin resistance (IR) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in HFD-induced obesity. 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota composition, and the relative abundance of the Actinobacteria phylum, including the Olsenella genus, was significantly higher in CSP-treated mice than in HFD-fed mice. CSP supplementation may increase the proportion of Actinobacteria, which can degrade CSP. The high level of Actinobacteria aggravated the disorder of the intestinal flora and contributed to the progression from obesity to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Liangyu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Wendong Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Anhong Ning
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Mintao Zhong
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
- * E-mail:
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Ganesan K, Jayachandran M, Xu B. Diet-Derived Phytochemicals Targeting Colon Cancer Stem Cells and Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3976. [PMID: 32492917 PMCID: PMC7312951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a fatal disease caused by the uncontrolled propagation and endurance of atypical colon cells. A person's lifestyle and eating pattern have significant impacts on the CRC in a positive and/or negative way. Diet-derived phytochemicals modulate the microbiome as well as targeting colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are found to offer significant protective effects against CRC, which were organized in an appropriate spot on the paper. All information on dietary phytochemicals, gut microbiome, CSCs, and their influence on CRC were accessed from the various databases and electronic search engines. The effectiveness of CRC can be reduced using various dietary phytochemicals or modulating microbiome that reduces or inverses the progression of a tumor as well as CSCs, which could be a promising and efficient way to reduce the burden of CRC. Phytochemicals with modulation of gut microbiome continue to be auspicious investigations in CRC through noticeable anti-tumorigenic effects and goals to CSCs, which provides new openings for cancer inhibition and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ganesan
- Food Science and Technology Programme, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China; (K.G.); (M.J.)
- Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Food Science and Technology Programme, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China; (K.G.); (M.J.)
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Programme, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China; (K.G.); (M.J.)
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Dias AM, Cordeiro G, Estevinho MM, Veiga R, Figueira L, Reina‐Couto M, Magro F. Gut bacterial microbiome composition and statin intake-A systematic review. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00601. [PMID: 32476298 PMCID: PMC7261966 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the gut microbiome has become an important field of interest. Indeed, the microbiome has been associated to numerous drug interactions and it is thought to influence the efficacy of pharmacologic treatments. Although statins are widely prescribed medications, there remains considerable variability in its therapeutic response. In this context, we aimed to investigate how statins modulate the gut microbiome and, reversely, how can the microbiome influence the course of anti-hypercholesterolemic treatment. We conducted a systematic review by searching four online databases, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies addressing gut microbiome changes following statin treatment and those assessing statins' response and associating it with patients' microbiome were included. Due to the limited number of results, we decided to include studies enrolling both humans and animals. We summarized information from three human and seven animal studies and aimed to assess the influence of gut microbiome composition on statin response (Outcome 1) and to evaluate the impact of statin treatment on the gut microbiome (Outcome 2). An association between a certain microbiome composition that promoted the lipid-lowering effect of statins was found. However, what kind of microorganisms and how they can exert this effect remains uncertain. Furthermore, statins might have a role in the modulation of the gut microbiome, but then again, it is still unknown whether this change is directly caused by the drug or another metabolic mechanism. Even though gut microbiota may have several potential therapeutic implications, its use as a personalized predictive biomarker requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia M. Dias
- Clinical Pharmacology UnitSão João Hospital University CentrePortoPortugal
| | - Gonçalo Cordeiro
- Clinical Pharmacology UnitSão João Hospital University CentrePortoPortugal
| | - Maria M. Estevinho
- Department of BiomedicineUnit of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Rui Veiga
- Clinical Pharmacology UnitSão João Hospital University CentrePortoPortugal
- Department of BiomedicineUnit of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
- Service of Intensive MedicineSão João Hospital University CentrePortoPortugal
| | - Luis Figueira
- Clinical Pharmacology UnitSão João Hospital University CentrePortoPortugal
- Department of BiomedicineUnit of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
- Service of OphthalmologySão João Hospital University CentrePortoPortugal
| | - Marta Reina‐Couto
- Clinical Pharmacology UnitSão João Hospital University CentrePortoPortugal
- Department of BiomedicineUnit of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
- Service of Intensive MedicineSão João Hospital University CentrePortoPortugal
| | - Fernando Magro
- Clinical Pharmacology UnitSão João Hospital University CentrePortoPortugal
- Department of BiomedicineUnit of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
- Service of GastroenterologySão João Hospital University CentrePortoPortugal
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Hernández-Quiroz F, Nirmalkar K, Villalobos-Flores LE, Murugesan S, Cruz-Narváez Y, Rico-Arzate E, Hoyo-Vadillo C, Chavez-Carbajal A, Pizano-Zárate ML, García-Mena J. Influence of moderate beer consumption on human gut microbiota and its impact on fasting glucose and β-cell function. Alcohol 2020; 85:77-94. [PMID: 31201859 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Beer is a beverage that has been consumed worldwide for thousands of years due to social, religious, and cultural reasons; it contains polyphenolic compounds as well as phenolic acids with a potential positive effect on human health. This study aimed to explore the impact of moderate beer consumption on human health and gut microbiota diversity. Three hundred fifty-five mL of non-alcoholic beer (NAB) or alcoholic beer (AB) were consumed daily by the participants for 30 days in each study. Anthropometric measures, blood samples for biochemistry, and fecal samples for microbiota analysis were collected on Day 1 and Day 30. Microbial diversity was characterized by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA libraries, and data were analyzed using the QIIME pipeline. We found that NAB and AB have effects on the composition of the gut microbiota, favoring the proliferation of Bacteroidetes with respect to Firmicutes. No increase in weight, waist, and hip parameters was observed, and the liver and lipid profile values were not modified for NAB. In addition, the consumption of NAB induced a decrease in fasting blood serum glucose and an increase in functional β cells, while, on the other hand, there was an increase in blood serum glucose and a decrease in functional β cells with the consumption of AB. In general, beer consumption neither changed anthropometric values, nor affected liver function. Although the glucose values decreased with NAB or increased with AB, they remained within the normal range. Our conclusion is that moderate consumption of NAB has a positive effect on human health via supplementation of biological active polyphenol and phenolic acids, and by enrichment of the gut microbiota diversity with beneficial bacteria, while the presence of alcohol in AB interferes with this effect. More work should be done on this topic before general conclusions are drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Hernández-Quiroz
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Khemlal Nirmalkar
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Loan Edel Villalobos-Flores
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Selvasankar Murugesan
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Yair Cruz-Narváez
- Laboratorio de Posgrado de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractiva del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Luis Enrique Erro s/n, Col. Zacatenco. Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico.
| | - Enrique Rico-Arzate
- Laboratorio de Posgrado de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractiva del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Luis Enrique Erro s/n, Col. Zacatenco. Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico.
| | - Carlos Hoyo-Vadillo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Chavez-Carbajal
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - María Luisa Pizano-Zárate
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación. Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México, 11000, Mexico.
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
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Little R, Houghton MJ, Carr IM, Wabitsch M, Kerimi A, Williamson G. The Ability of Quercetin and Ferulic Acid to Lower Stored Fat is Dependent on the Metabolic Background of Human Adipocytes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000034. [PMID: 32350998 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Dietary flavonoids and phenolic acids can modulate lipid metabolism, but effects on mature human adipocytes are not well characterized. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human adipocytes are differentiated, and contain accumulated lipids, mimicking white adipocytes. They are then cultured either under conditions of actively synthesizing and accumulating additional lipids through lipogenesis ("ongoing lipogenic state") or under conditions of maintaining but not increasing stored lipids ("lipid storage state"). Total lipid, lipidomic and transcriptomics analyses are employed to assess changes after treatment with quercetin and/or ferulic acid. RESULTS In the "lipid storage state," a longer-term treatment (3 doses over 72 h) with low concentrations of quercetin and ferulic acid together significantly lowered stored lipid content, modified lipid composition, and modulated genes related to lipid metabolism with a strong implication of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARα)/retinoid X receptor (RXRα) involvement. In the "ongoing lipogenic state," the effect of quercetin and ferulic acid is markedly different, with fewer changes in gene expression and lipid composition, and no detectable involvement of PPARα/RXRα, with a tenfold higher concentration required to attenuate stored lipid content. CONCLUSIONS Multiple low-dose treatment of quercetin and ferulic acid modulates lipid metabolism in adipocytes, but the effect is dramatically dependent on the metabolic state of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Little
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Michael J Houghton
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.,Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Ian M Carr
- Saint James' University Hospital, Granville Road, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine University Medical Centre, University of Ulm, Ulm, 89075, Germany
| | - Asimina Kerimi
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.,Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Gary Williamson
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.,Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, BASE Facility, 264 Ferntree Gully Road, Notting Hill, VIC, 3168, Australia
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Cao Y, Liu H, Qin N, Ren X, Zhu B, Xia X. Impact of food additives on the composition and function of gut microbiota: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Mabey JG, Chaston JM, Castro DG, Adams TD, Hunt SC, Davidson LE. Gut microbiota differs a decade after bariatric surgery relative to a nonsurgical comparison group. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2020; 16:1304-1311. [PMID: 32466962 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have assessed differences in the gut microbiota composition after bariatric surgery in the long term or whether differences are correlated with remission of type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVES This observational study assessed differences in the gut microbiota between individuals at up to 13 years after surgery and a comparison group of individuals with severe obesity. The relationship between type 2 diabetes remission and the gut microbiota was also assessed. SETTING University. METHODS Stool samples were collected from individuals completing bariatric surgery (surgery group; n = 16) and individuals with severe obesity that did not receive surgery (nonsurgery group; n = 19) as part of the 12-year follow-up in the Utah Obesity Study. Metabolic health data were collected at baseline and the follow-up examination. The gut microbiota was quantified by sequencing the V4 region of the 16 S rRNA gene. Significant differences in microbiota composition with surgery and other covariates were determined by Unifrac distance analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance. Significant differences in the relative abundance of individual bacterial taxa were assessed using analysis of composition of microbiomes software. RESULTS The surgery group had higher relative abundances of Verrucomicrobiaceae (5.7 ± 1.3% versus 1.1 ± .3%) and Streptococcaceae (6.3 ± 1.0% versus 3.2 ± .8%), but lower relative abundances of Bacteroidaceae (8.8 ± 1.8% versus 18.6 ± 2.3%) 10.6 years after surgery. In a small subset of 8 individuals, a higher relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila was correlated with type 2 diabetes remission. CONCLUSIONS Differences in the gut microbiota are evident a decade after bariatric surgery compared with individuals with severe obesity that did not undergo surgery. The observed long-term differences are consistent with previous findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob G Mabey
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
| | - John M Chaston
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Daphne G Castro
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Ted D Adams
- Intermountain Live Well Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lance E Davidson
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
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Kim SW, Goossens A, Libert C, Van Immerseel F, Staal J, Beyaert R. Phytohormones: Multifunctional nutraceuticals against metabolic syndrome and comorbid diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 175:113866. [PMID: 32088261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the co-occurrence of diverse symptoms initiating the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and a variety of comorbid diseases. The complex constellation of numerous comorbidities makes it difficult to develop common therapeutic approaches that ameliorate these pathological features simultaneously. The plant hormones abscisic acid, salicylic acid, auxin, and cytokinins, have shown promising anti-inflammatory and pro-metabolic effects that could mitigate several disorders relevant to metabolic syndrome. Intriguingly, besides plants, human cells and gut microbes also endogenously produce these molecules, indicating a role in the complex interplay between inflammatory responses associated with metabolic syndrome, the gut microbiome, and nutrition. Here, we introduce how bioactive phytohormones can be generated endogenously and through the gut microbiome. These molecules subsequently influence immune responses and metabolism. We also elaborate on how phytohormones can beneficially modulate metabolic syndrome comorbidities, and propose them as nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Woo Kim
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain Goossens
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Immerseel
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jens Staal
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Liu Y, Lou X. Type 2 diabetes mellitus-related environmental factors and the gut microbiota: emerging evidence and challenges. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2020; 75:e1277. [PMID: 31939557 PMCID: PMC6945290 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a group of over 38 trillion bacterial cells in the human microbiota that plays an important role in the regulation of human metabolism through its symbiotic relationship with the host. Changes in the gut microbial ecosystem are associated with increased susceptibility to metabolic disease in humans. However, the composition of the gut microbiota in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases is not well understood. This article reviews the relationship between environmental factors and the gut microbiota in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Finally, we discuss the goal of treating type 2 diabetes mellitus by modifying the gut microbiota and the challenges that remain in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Liu
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Department of Endocrinology Jinhua, 321000, China
| | - Xueyong Lou
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Department of Endocrinology Jinhua, 321000, China
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
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Corrêa TAF, Rogero MM, Hassimotto NMA, Lajolo FM. The Two-Way Polyphenols-Microbiota Interactions and Their Effects on Obesity and Related Metabolic Diseases. Front Nutr 2019; 6:188. [PMID: 31921881 PMCID: PMC6933685 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases can change the gut microbiota composition and function, and pathogenic bacteria contribute to the development of metabolic disorders. Polyphenols may act in the gut microbiota to favor the increase of beneficial bacteria and hamper the increase of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the microbiota may act on polyphenols to increase their bioavailability. This two-way interactions between polyphenols and the gut microbiota could affect human metabolism and reduce cardiometabolic risk. Despite the possible benefits of polyphenols for human health through modulating the microbiome, studies are scarce, and present several limitations. This review provides an overview of the polyphenol-microbiota interactions and its effects on metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Angelina Faraldo Corrêa
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Franco Maria Lajolo
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, Brazil
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